商务谈判中会用到的英语高频词汇
商务谈判主题英语词汇
商务谈判主题英语词汇Business Negotiation VocabularySuccessful business negotiations often require a strong command of specialized vocabulary and terminology. Effective communication is crucial in navigating the complexities of commercial transactions and reaching mutually beneficial agreements. In the context of business negotiations, there are several key terms and phrases that are essential to understand and utilize effectively.One of the fundamental concepts in business negotiations is the idea of leverage. Leverage refers to the relative bargaining power or advantage that each party holds in the negotiation process. Parties with greater leverage may be able to exert more influence and secure more favorable terms. Factors that contribute to leverage include access to resources, alternative options, and the perceived value of what each party is offering.Another important aspect of business negotiations is the concept of compromise. Compromise involves finding a middle ground or a solution that satisfies the interests of both parties, rather than one party imposing their demands entirely. Successful negotiators oftenneed to be skilled in the art of compromise, balancing their own needs with the needs of the other party to reach a mutually acceptable agreement.The term "win-win" is commonly used in business negotiations to describe an outcome where both parties feel that they have achieved their desired objectives. A win-win scenario is often the goal of effective negotiations, as it fosters a sense of collaboration and mutual benefit, rather than a zero-sum mentality where one party's gain is the other's loss.Negotiators must also be adept at handling various negotiation tactics and strategies employed by the other party. These may include tactics such as anchoring, where one party sets an initial high or low price to influence the other party's perception of value; or the use of deadlines and time pressure to create a sense of urgency and limit the other party's options.Effective communication skills are essential in business negotiations. Negotiators must be able to clearly articulate their position, listen actively to the other party, and engage in constructive dialogue to find common ground. This may involve the use of persuasive language, active listening techniques, and the ability to ask probing questions to better understand the other party's interests and concerns.In addition to communication skills, negotiators must also be skilled in the art of concession-making. Concessions involve making strategic compromises or trade-offs to move the negotiation forward and reach a mutually acceptable agreement. Successful negotiators must be able to identify areas where they can make concessions without compromising their core interests.Another important concept in business negotiations is the idea of BATNA, or the "best alternative to a negotiated agreement." BATNA represents the most favorable alternative course of action a party can take if the current negotiation fails to produce a satisfactory outcome. Understanding one's BATNA can help negotiators assess the value of a potential agreement and make informed decisions about when to hold firm or when to be more flexible.Negotiators must also be mindful of the role that cultural differences can play in business negotiations. Cultural norms, communication styles, and expectations can vary significantly across different regions and countries. Successful negotiators must be able to navigate these cultural nuances and adapt their approach accordingly to build trust and foster productive dialogue.Finally, the concept of a "walkaway price" is crucial in business negotiations. The walkaway price represents the minimum ormaximum price (depending on whether one is the buyer or the seller) that a party is willing to accept before walking away from the negotiation. Knowing one's walkaway price can help negotiators avoid making concessions that undermine their core interests or objectives.In conclusion, the vocabulary and terminology associated with business negotiations are essential tools for effective communication and successful outcomes. By mastering these concepts and strategies, negotiators can enhance their ability to navigate the complexities of commercial transactions, build strong relationships, and achieve mutually beneficial agreements.。
商务英语谈判-常用词汇
商务英语谈判必须掌握的11大类词汇1、出口方面的词汇出口信贷export credit出口津贴export subsidy商品倾销dumping外汇倾销exchange dumping优惠关税special preferences保税仓库bonded warehouse贸易顺差favorable balance of trade贸易逆差unfavorable balance of trade进口配额制import quotas自由贸易区free trade zone对外贸易值value of foreign trade国际贸易值value of international trade普遍优惠制generalized system of preferences-GSP最惠国待遇most-favored nation treatment-MFNT2、价格条件价格术语trade term (price term)运费freight单价price码头费wharfage总值total value卸货费landing charges金额amount关税customs duty净价net price印花税stamp duty含佣价price including commission港口税port dues回佣return commission .装运港port of shipment折扣discount, allowance卸货港port of discharge批发价wholesale price目的港port of destination零售价retail price进口许口证import licence现货价格spot price出口许口证export licence期货价格forward price现行价格（时价）current price prevailing price 国际市场价格world (International)Market price 离岸价（船上交货价）FOB-free on board成本加运费价（离岸加运费价）C&F-cost and freight到岸价（成本加运费、保险费价）CIF-cost, insurance and freight 3、交货条件交货delivery轮船steamship(缩写S.S)装运、装船shipment租船charter (the chartered ship)交货时间time of delivery租船voyage charter装运期限time of shipment定期租船time charter托运人（一般指出口商）shipper, consignor收货人consignee班轮regular shipping liner驳船lighter舱位shipping space油轮tanker报关clearance of goods陆运收据cargo receipt提货to take delivery of goods空运提单airway bill正本提单original B/L选择港（任意港）optional port选港费optional charges选港费由买方负担optional charges to be borne by the Buyers 或optional charges for Buyers’account一月份装船shipment during January 或January shipment一月底装船shipment not later than Jan.31st.或shipment on or before Jan.31st.一/二月份装船shipment during Jan./Feb.或Jan./Feb. shipment在......(时间)分两批装船shipment during....in two lots在......(时间)平均分两批装船shipment during....in two equal lots分三个月装运in three monthly shipments分三个月，每月平均装运in three equal monthly shipments立即装运immediate shipments即期装运prompt shipments收到信用证后30天内装运shipments within 30 days after receipt of L/C允许分批装船partial shipment not allowed partial shipment not permitted partial shipment not unacceptable4、交易磋商、合同签订订单indent订货；订购book; booking电复cable reply实盘firm offer递盘bid; bidding递实盘bid firm还盘counter offer发盘（发价）offer发实盘offer firm询盘（询价）inquiry, enquiry 5、交易磋商、合同签订订单indent订货；订购book; booking电复cable reply实盘firm offer递盘bid; bidding递实盘bid firm还盘counter offer发盘（发价）offer发实盘offer firm询盘（询价）inquiry, enquiry 6、交易磋商、合同签订指示性价格price indication 速复reply immediately参考价reference price习惯做法usual practice交易磋商business negotiation 不受约束without engagement业务洽谈business discussion限**复subject to reply **限* *复到subject to reply reaching here **有效期限time of validity有效至**: valid till **购货合同purchase contract销售合同sales contract购货确认书purchase confirmation销售确认书sales confirmation一般交易条件general terms and conditions以未售出为准subject to prior sale需经卖方确认subject to seller’s confirmation需经我方最后确认subject to our final confirmation 7、贸易方式INT (拍卖auction)寄售consignment招标invitation of tender投标submission of tender一般代理人agent总代理人general agent代理协议agency agreement累计佣金accumulative commission补偿贸易compensation trade （或抵偿贸易）compensating/compensatory trade （又叫：往返贸易）counter trade来料加工processing on giving materials来料装配assembling on provided parts独家经营/专营权exclusive right独家经营/包销/代理协议exclusivity agreement独家代理sole agency, sole agent, exclusive agency, exclusive agent8、品质条件品质quality 原样original sample规格specifications复样duplicate sample说明description对等样品counter-sample标准standard type参考样品reference sample商品目录catalogue封样sealed sample宣传小册pamphlet公差tolerance货号article No.花色（搭配）assortment样品sample 5%增减5% plus or minus代表性样品representative sample大路货（良好平均品质）fair average quality9、商检仲裁索赔claim争议disputes罚金条款penalty仲裁arbitration不可抗力force Majeure仲裁庭arbitral tribunal产地证明书certificate of origin品质检验证书inspection certificate of quality重量检验证书inspection certificate of weight (quantity) **商品检验局**commodity inspection bureau (*.C.I.B) 品质、重量检验证书inspection certificate10、数量条件个数number净重net weight容积capacity毛作净gross for net体积volume皮重tare毛重gross weight溢短装条款more or less clause 11、外汇外汇foreign exchange法定贬值devaluation外币foreign currency法定升值revaluation汇率rate of exchange浮动汇率floating rate国际收支balance of payments 硬通货hard currency直接标价direct quotation软通货soft currency间接标价indirect quotation金平价gold standard买入汇率buying rate通货膨胀inflation卖出汇率selling rate固定汇率fixed rate金本位制度gold standard黄金输送点gold points铸币平价mint par纸币制度paper money system国际货币基金international monetary fund黄金外汇储备gold and foreign exchange reserve汇率波动的官定上下限official upper and lower limits of fluctuation...。
商务英语必背单词、词组
商务英语必背单词、词组商务英语中的词汇和词组对于与国际商务相关的人士来说非常重要。
以下是一些必背的商务英语单词和词组，可以帮助你在商务场景中更流利地表达自己。
1. Business negotiations - 商务谈判- Negotiation skills - 谈判技巧- Bargaining power - 谈判实力- Win-win situation - 双赢局面- Mutual agreement - 相互协议2. Business meetings - 商务会议- Agenda - 议程- Minutes - 会议纪要- Presentation - 演示- Action items - 行动事项- Email correspondence - 邮件往来- Telephone conversation - 电话交流- Formal letter - 正式函件- Business etiquette - 商务礼仪4. Business travel - 商务旅行- Flight reservation - 航班预订- Car rental - 租车- Travel expenses - 差旅费用5. Business finance - 商务财务- Budgeting - 预算- Financial statement - 财务报表- Profit margin - 利润率- Return on investment - 投资回报率6. Business strategy - 商业策略- Market analysis - 市场分析- Market segmentation - 市场细分- Strategic planning - 战略规划以上仅是商务英语中的一些常用词汇和词组，希望对你提高商务英语能力有所帮助。
商务英语词汇大全
商务英语词汇大全一、基本商务术语1. 商务活动（Business Activity）2. 市场营销（Marketing）3. 销售额（Sales Revenue）4. 成本（Cost）5. 利润（Profit）6. 投资回报率（Return on Investment, ROI）7.SWOT分析（Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats）8. 目标市场（Target Market）9. 市场细分（Market Segmentation）10. 定位（Positioning）二、商务谈判术语1. 谈判（Negotiation）2. 合同（Contract）3. 报价（Quotation）4. 还价（Counteroffer）5. 成交（Close the Deal）6. 付款方式（Payment Terms）7. 交货期（Delivery Time）8. 质量保证（Quality Assurance）9. 售后服务（Aftersales Service）10. 合作伙伴（Business Partner）三、商务函电术语1. 询盘（Inquiry）2. 报盘（Offer）3. 订单（Order）4. 发票（Invoice）5. 装箱单（Packing List）6. 信用证（Letter of Credit, L/C）7. 汇票（Bill of Exchange）8. 托运单（Shipping Order）9. 提单（Bill of Lading）10. 保险（Insurance）四、人力资源术语1. 招聘（Recruitment）2. 简历（Resume）3. 面试（Interview）4. 培训（Training）5. 薪资（Salary）6. 福利（Benefits）7. 绩效考核（Performance Appraisal）8. 晋升（Promotion）9. 劳动合同（Labor Contract）10. 职业规划（Career Planning）五、企业运营术语1. 企业战略（Corporate Strategy）2. 企业文化（Corporate Culture）3. 组织结构（Organizational Structure）4. 部门（Department）5. 团队协作（Teamwork）6. 项目管理（Project Management）7. 生产计划（Production Plan）8. 供应链管理（Supply Chain Management）9. 库存（Inventory）10. 客户关系管理（Customer Relationship Management, CRM）六、财务与会计术语1. 财务报表（Financial Statements）2. 资产（Assets）3. 负债（Liabilities）4. 所有者权益（Owner's Equity）5. 现金流（Cash Flow）7. 资产负债表（Balance Sheet）8. 利润分配（Profit Distribution）9. 折旧（Depreciation）10. 纳税（Taxation）七、国际贸易术语1. 进口（Import）2. 出口（Export）3. 贸易壁垒（Trade Barrier）4. 关税（Tariff）5. 配额（Quota）6. 原产地证明（Certificate of Origin）7. 贸易术语（Trade Terms，如FOB、CIF等）8. 国际支付（International Payment）9. 外汇（Foreign Exchange）10. 世界贸易组织（World Trade Organization, WTO）八、市场营销策略术语1. 市场调研（Market Research）2. 产品生命周期（Product Life Cycle）3. 广告（Advertising）4. 促销（Promotion）5. 公关（Public Relations）6. 品牌战略（Brand Strategy）7. 网络营销（Internet Marketing）8. 社交媒体营销（Social Media Marketing）9. 客户满意度（Customer Satisfaction）10. 忠诚度计划（Loyalty Program）九、企业管理术语1. 领导力（Leadership）2. 决策（Decision Making）3. 风险管理（Risk Management）4. 企业伦理（Business Ethics）5. 知识管理（Knowledge Management）6. 创新能力（Innovation Capability）7. 企业形象（Corporate Image）8. 危机管理（Crisis Management）9. 持续改进（Continuous Improvement）10. 企业社会责任（Corporate Social Responsibility, CSR）十、电子商务术语2. 在线支付（Online Payment）3. 网络安全（Network Security）4. 顾客评价（Customer Review）6. 网络营销策略（Online Marketing Strategy）7. 搜索引擎优化（Search Engine Optimization, SEO）8. 率（Clickthrough Rate, CTR）9. 转化率（Conversion Rate）通过这些词汇的积累，您将能够在商务交流中更加得心应手，展现出您的专业素养和沟通能力。
商务英语：商务会议中常用的商务词汇
商务英语：商务会议中常用的商务词汇1. 引言商业交流是国际商务中不可或缺的一部分，特别是在商务会议上。
在商务会议中，准确、流利地使用合适的商务词汇是非常重要的。
本文将介绍一些在商务会议中常用的商务词汇，以帮助您更好地参与和理解商业交流。
2. 商务审批•审批（Approval）•批准（Authorize）•阅览（Review）•审查（Examine）•同意（Agree）•不同意（Disagree）•经理签字（Manager's signature）3. 商务洽谈•洽谈（Negotiation）•提案（Proposal）•协议（Agreement）•合同（Contract）•谈判策略（Negotiation strategy）•提出建议（Suggesting/Proposing）4. 商务演示•演示文稿（Presentation slides）•幻灯片放映（Slide show）•讲解演示内容（Explain presentation content）•图表和图像（Charts and graphics）5. 讨论和决策•讨论话题/议程项（Discuss topic/agenda item) •听取反馈意见（Hear feedback)•辩论观点（Debate viewpoints)•作出决策（Make a decision)•投票表决（Vote)•执行决策（Implement decisions)6. 商务礼仪•自我介绍（Introduce oneself）•握手（Shake hands）•简短寒暄（Small talk）•表达谢意（Express gratitude）•注意会议礼仪，如准时到场和尊重发言者7. 总结在商务会议中使用正确的商务词汇非常重要，它能够提高沟通效率和准确度。
本文列举了一些常见的商务词汇，涵盖了审批、洽谈、演示、讨论和决策等方面。
希望这些词汇能够帮助您更好地参与商业交流，并取得成功。
商务谈判中的常用英语汇总
商务谈判中的常用英语汇总商务谈判中的常用英语汇总英语是一种西日耳曼语支，最早被中世纪的英国使用，并因其广阔的殖民地而成为世界使用面积最广的语言。
下面是小编为大家整理的商务谈判中的常用英语，欢迎阅读与收藏。
1、集思广益，慎重选择。
卓越的谈判者会通过营造一个氛围来鼓动大家统一成一个整体，集思广益共同探索有潜力的解决方法。
只有符合双方共同利益的选择才可取，而此过程并非是顺利的。
let's brainstorm to see if we can come up with a solution for both of us . 让我们开动脑筋，看看我们是否能找到对我们能否找到对你我都适用的方案。
if we ... then it would accomplish your objective , but what about .... 如果我们……的话，就可以实现你的目标，那如果……会怎么样?both of us are looking to...so we might as well.... 我们双方都试图。
所以我们不妨可以……that idea is a good start , but what about adding .... 这主意是个好开端，但是如果在加上……会怎么样?2. 定位与思考：正确的态度是将谈判伙伴作为同盟者而不是对手。
不要陷入对立立场观点的'纠缠中，而是要洞察根本利益。
无需担忧彼此的间的部分利益的差异，而是要寻找实现利益的互补的方式。
what you're interested in is ...., is that right ? well, i would like to see ... because....你感兴趣的是……对吗? 那我愿意看下……，因为……that dovetails nicely into my requirements , if we....then both our requirements will be satisfied .那与我的要求正好吻合，如果我们……那我们双方的要求就满足了。
商务英语高频词汇
商务英语高频词汇
商务英语高频词汇包括：
1.价格（Price）：包括报价、还价、定价和折扣等。
2.付款（Payment）：涉及付款方式、信用证、汇款等。
3.装运（Shipment）：包括装运日期、运输方式、装运通知等。
4.合同（Contract）：包括合同条款、合同执行、合同变更等。
5.谈判（Negotiation）：包括报价、还价、交涉和协商等。
6.保险（Insurance）：涉及保险条款、保险费率和保险种类等。
7.索赔（Claim）：包括索赔理由、索赔处理和索赔解决等。
8.市场（Market）：包括市场调查、市场预测和市场拓展等。
9.营销（Marketing）：涉及营销策略、广告宣传、销售渠道等。
10.公司（Company）：包括公司介绍、公司组织架构、公司发展等。
除了这些核心词汇外，商务英语中还涉及到许多其他专业术语和词汇，具体可以根据实际业务需求进行学习和了解。
常用商务谈判用语汇集
常用商务谈判用语汇集引言在商务领域，谈判是不可避免的一环。
谈判的成功与否直接影响着商务活动的结果。
为了帮助大家更好地应对商务谈判，本文将汇集一些常用的商务谈判用语，希望能够给大家带来帮助。
准备阶段在进入谈判之前，充分的准备工作是非常重要的。
下面是一些准备阶段常用的商务谈判用语：1.研究对方公司情况：Research the company of the other party2.确定自身目标：Determine our own goals3.制定谈判策略：Develop negotiation strategies4.分析对方利益：Analyze the interests of the other party5.确定底线：Set the bottom line6.准备好可行的解决方案：Prepare feasible solutions开场白在正式开始谈判之前，一个好的开场白可以为整个谈判过程打下良好的基础。
下面是一些开场白常用的商务谈判用语：1.感谢对方的参与：Thank the other party for their participation2.表达愿望达成共赢：Express the desire for win-win cooperation3.概述谈判议程：Outline the negotiation agenda4.确定谈判时间：Confirm the negotiation time5.确认参与人员：Confirm the participants6.预告谈判目标：Preview negotiation goals谈判技巧在谈判过程中，一些技巧的运用可以帮助我们更好地达成目标。
下面是一些谈判技巧常用的商务谈判用语：1.主动听取对方观点：Actively listen to the other party’s opinions2.提问以了解对方需求：Ask questions to understand the other party’sneeds3.表达关切：Express concerns4.提供解决方案：Offer solutions5.接受折中方案：Accept compromise solutions6.强调共同利益：Emphasize common interests遇到困难在商务谈判中，常常会遇到各种困难和挑战。
商务英语高频词汇归纳
商务英语高频词汇归纳共50个1. Agreement - 协议2. Budget - 预算3. Client - 客户4. Contract - 合同5. Deadline - 截止日期6. Entrepreneur - 企业家7. Forecast - 预测8. Gross Profit - 毛利润9. Invoice - 发票10. Joint Venture - 合资企业11. Liability - 责任12. Market Research - 市场调研13. Negotiation - 谈判14. Outsourcing - 外包15. Partner - 合作伙伴16. Profit Margin - 利润率17. Quality Control - 质量控制18. Revenue - 收入19. Stakeholder - 利益相关者20. Strategy - 策略21. Target Market - 目标市场22. Wholesale - 批发23. E-commerce - 电子商务24. Franchise - 特许经营25. Human Resources - 人力资源26. Inventory - 库存27. Joint Venture - 合资企业28. Lead Time - 交货期29. Merger - 合并30. Net Profit - 净利润31. Offshore - 海外32. Onboarding - 入职培训33. Online Marketing - 网络营销34. Overhead - 间接费用35. Partnership - 合伙36. Quota - 配额37. Retail - 零售38. Scalability - 可扩展性39. Start-up - 初创公司40. Turnover - 营业额41. Underwriting - 承保42. Valuation - 估值43. Wholesale - 批发44. Branding - 品牌45. Cash Flow - 现金流46. Dividend - 股息47. Equity - 股权48. Franchise - 特许经营权49. Headquarters - 总部50. Logistics - 物流。
商务谈判常用英文词组Businessnegotiationscommonphrases
商务谈判常用英文词组Businessnegotiationscommonphrases第一篇：商务谈判常用英文词组 Business negotiations common phrases商务谈判常用英文词组/ business negotiations common phrase数量之首 The king of quantity质量最佳 The queen of quality信誉可靠 reliable reputation闻名世界 world-wide renowm久负盛名 to have a long standing reputation誉满中外 to enjoy high reputation at home and abroad历史悠久 to have a long history畅销全球 selling well all over the world深受欢迎 to win warm praise from customers协定 agreement议定书 protocol贸易协定 trade agreement贸易与支付协定 trade and payment agreement政府间贸易协定 inter-governmental trade agreement民间贸易协定 non-governmental trade agreement双边协定 bilateral agreement多边协定 multilateral agreement支付协定 payment agreement口头协定 verbal agreement书面协定 written agreement君子协定gentlemen’s agreement销售合同 sales contract格式合同 model contract意向协议书 agreement of intent意向书 letter of intent空白格式 blank form授权书 power of attorney换文 exchange of letter备忘录 memorandum合同条款 contract terms免责条款 escape clause原文 original text译文 version措辞 wording正本 original副本 copy附录 attachment附件 appendix会签 to counter-sign违反合同 breach of contract修改合同 amendment of contract 撤销合同 cancellation of contract合同的续订 renewal of contract合同的解释 interpretation of contact 合同到期 expiration of contract起草合同 to draft a contract做出合同 to work out a contract谈妥合同 to fix up a contract签订合同 to sign a contract缔结合同 to conclude a contract草签合同 to initial a contract废除合同 to annul a contract执行合同 to perform a contract严格遵守合同条款 to keep strictly to the terms of the contract 一式二份 in duplicate一式三份 in triplicate一式四份 in quadruplicate第二篇：英文常用词组词组draw up 起草，拟订；（使）停住dress up 穿上盛装，精心打扮，装饰，修饰 drop by/in 顺便（或偶然）访问drop off 下降，减少；睡着，入睡；让…下车，把…放下drop out 退出，退学 dry out（使）干透 dry up（使）干透，（使）干涸；（使）枯竭 fall behind 落后，落在…的后面 fall through 落空，成为泡影 fall out 争吵，失和；脱落 fill in 填满；填写；(for)替代 find out 查明，找出，发现 get across（将…）清楚，（使）被了解get around/round 走动，克服，设法回避（问题等）；（to）抽出时间来做（或考虑）get at 够得找，触及；意思是，意指；查名，发现；指责 get away 逃脱；走开，离开；（with）做了（坏事）而逃脱责罚 get by 通过；过得去，（勉强）过活get down（从…）下来；写下；使沮丧；（to）开始认真做，着手做get in 进入，抵达；收获（庄稼等）；（with）对…亲近get into（使）进入；卷入；对…发生兴趣get off（从…）下来；动身，出发；下班，结束（工作）；逃脱惩罚 get over 克服，解决（问题等）；（从疾病、失望等）中恢复过来get through 度过（时间）；（使）通过（考试），（使）（议案等）获得通过；（将…）讲清楚，完成；接通电话get together 相聚，聚集 get up 起床；起立 give away 泄露；赠送 give back（归）还give in 交上，呈上；投降，屈服，认输 give off 发出（光、声音等），散发出（气味）give out 分发；用完；消耗尽；发出（光、声音）give up 停止，放弃；（oneself）自首 go after 追求，追赶 goahead 开始；进行go by 遵守，遵循，依据；（时间）过去 go down 下降，减少；（船）沉没，（日）落；（with）生…病；（well 或badly）(不)受欢迎，（不）被接go for 袭击；适用于；选择，想要获得；喜爱 go into 进入，参加；开始从事；研究，调查 go off 爆炸，开火，突然响起；（电等）中断，停止；不再喜欢go out 外出（尤指参加社会活动）；过时；（潮）退，（灯）熄，终止；送出，公布，播出go over 仔细检查，察看；复习，重做 go round/around 足够分配；（with）常…与交往；流传；四处走动，到处活动go through 经历，遭受；详细检查，查找，详细讨论；获得通过，被批准；（with）将…干到底go under 沉没；失败；破产go up 上升，上涨，增长；正在建设中；烧毁，炸毁go with 跟…相配；与…相伴；附属于go without 没有hand in 交上，递交hand on 把…传下去 hand out 奋发，散发 hand over 交出，移交hang about/around 闲荡，闲呆着hang on 坚持，抓紧，不放；等待片刻，（打电话时）不挂段；有赖于；取决于 hang up 挂断（电话）；悬挂，挂起 have on 穿着，戴着hold back 踌躇，退缩；阻止，抑制；隐瞒，保守（秘密等）hold on 坚持住，握住不放；（打电话时）不挂断，等一会 hold out 维持，保持；坚持（要求），不屈服hold up 支持，支撑，延迟；抢劫；展示，举出hurry up（使）赶快，匆匆完成improve on/upon 改进；胜过keep back 阻止，抑制；隐瞒，保留keep off（使）不接近，（使）让开 keep to 遵守，信守；坚持 keep up 保持，（使）继续下去；（使）居高不下 let down 放下，降低；使失望 let off 宽舒，放过；开（枪），放（炮，烟火等）；排放 let out 防走，释放；泄露，放出，发出lie in（问题、事情等）在于line up（使）排队，（使）排成行 live on 靠…生活，以…为食物 live through 度过，经受住live up to 符合，不辜负（期望）；遵守，实践（诺言、原则等）look after 照管，照料；注意，关心 look at 看，朝…看；考虑，研究；看待 look back(on)回顾，回忆；回头看 look for 寻找，寻求；惹来，招来 look in 顺便看望，顺便访问 look into 调查，观察 look on 旁观，观看look out(for)留神，注意look over 把…看一遍，把…过目；察看，参观 look through 详尽核查；（从头至尾）浏览look up 好转；（在词典等中）查找；看望，拜访；（to）尊敬 make for 走向，朝…前进；有助于，促进make out 辨认出，看出；理解，了解；写出，开出 make up 构成，组成；（为…）化装；补充，补足；和解，重归于好；捏造，临时编造，虚构mix up 混淆，弄混，弄乱 occur to 被想到，被想起 pass away 去世pass off(as)充作，被看作，被当作 pass out 失去知觉，昏倒pay back 偿还，还钱给（某人）；向…报复，回报 pay off 还清（债）；付清工资解雇（某人）；向…行贿；得到好结果，取得成功pay up 全部付清pick out 选出，挑出，拣出；辨认出，分辨出 pick up 拿起，捡起；取（给），用车接载（人）；好转，改进，增加（速度）；（使）重新开始，继续；获得，学会 pull down 拆毁pull in（车）停秒，车进站，船（到岸）pull off 脱去，扯下；（成功地）完成pull out 拔出，抽出，驱除；（车、船）驶出；（使）摆脱困境 pull together 齐心协力，团结起来 pull up(使)停下put across/over 结实清楚，使被理解put aside 储存，保留；暂不考虑，把…放在一边 put away 放好，收好put in 花费，付出（时间、精力等）；申请，正式提出 put on 穿上，戴上；上演；增加（体重）put out 熄灭，关（灯）；出版，发出；生产；伸出 put up 建造，支起，搭起；张贴；进行（抵抗等）；提供，提名，提出；提高（价格、速度）；为…提供事宿，投宿refer to 参考，查阅；涉及，提到；指的是 ring off 挂断电话run down 撞到；说…坏话，贬低；停止运转，耗尽；减少，缩减；查找出，搜索到run into 偶然碰见；遭遇（困难等）；共计，达到…之多；撞在…上run off 很快写出；复印出，印出；跑掉，逃掉run over 在…上驶过，（撞倒并）碾过；把…很快地（或粗略地）过一遍see off 为…送行see through 看透，识破 see to 注意，照料send for 派人去请，召唤；函购，函索 send in 呈报，递交，提交set aside 留出，拨出（时间、金钱等）；把…置于一旁，不理会set back 推迟，延缓，阻碍；使花费 set down 记下，写下 set forth 阐明，陈述 set off 出发，起程；引起，激起set out 陈述，阐明；动身，起程；开始；摆放set up 创立，建立，为…做准备；竖立，架起，建造；开业，开始经商 show off 炫耀，卖弄show up 显露，暴露；露面，来到 shut out 把…排斥在外 sit in on 列席（会议），旁听 sit up 不睡，熬夜；坐直 speed up（使）加快速度stand by 站在…一边，支持，帮助；袖手旁观；坚持（决议等），遵守（诺言等）；作好准备，准备行动stand for 代替，代表，意味着，主张，支持；[用与否定、疑问句]容忍，接受 stand out 清晰地显出，引人注目；杰出，出色 stand up 站起来；（论点、论据等）站得住脚 step up 提高，加快，加紧stick out（把…）坚持到底；突出，显眼stick to 坚持，忠于，信守；紧跟，紧随；粘贴在…上 take after （在外貌、性格等方面）与（父、母等）相象 take away 减去take down 拆卸；记下，写下take…for 把…认为是，把…看成是take in 接受，吸收，接纳；理解，领会；欺骗；包括 take off 脱下；起飞；匆匆离开take on 开始雇佣；呈现，具有；同…较量，接受…的挑战；承担，从事 take over 接受，接管；借用，承袭take to 对…产生好感，开始喜欢；形成…的习惯，开始从事 take up with 与…成朋友take up 开始从事；把…继续下去；着手处理；占去，占据；（on）接受邀请 think over 仔细考虑throw away 扔掉，抛弃；错过（机会），浪费（金钱等）touch on/upon 谈到，论及 turn down 关小，调低；拒绝 turn in 交还，上交；上床睡觉turn off 关掉；拐弯，离开…转入另一条路 turn on 接通，打开turn out 制造，生产；结果是；驱逐；关掉，旋熄 turn over 翻过来，翻倒；移交，交；仔细考虑turn to 查阅；求助于，求教于turn up 开大，调大；出现，来到 use up 用完，用光warm up（使）暖起来；（使）活跃起来，（使）热情起来；（使）做准备活动，（使）热身wear off 逐渐消失；渐渐减少wear out 穿破，磨损，用坏；（使）疲乏，（使）厌倦，（使）耗尽 while away 消磨（时间）wipe out 擦净，擦掉；彻底摧毁，消灭work at/on 从事于，努力做work out 解决；算出；弄懂，理解；想出，制订出work up 激发，激起；制订出，精心做出write off 取消，勾销，注销2、后接动名词的动词搭配aim at 目的在于，旨在；瞄准；企图accuse…of… 控告；谴责depend on 取决于，视…而定；依靠，依赖；信赖，相信 devote to 将…奉献给；把…专用（于）engage in 从事于，参加 feel like 想要go on(时间)过去；灯亮；开始运行；继续，接着；进行，发生cannot/couldn’t help 禁不住；不得不 insist on 坚持，强调，坚决要求 keep from 阻止，抑制keep on 继续进行，继续下去look forward to 盼望，期待persist in 坚持不懈，执着 prevent from 预防，防止put off 推迟，推延；阻止，劝阻 set about 开始，着手 succeed in 成功 thank for 感谢think of 想起，记得；想出，提出；考虑，关心3、其他动词词组add up to 合计达，总括起来，意味着 break away(from)突然离开，强行逃脱 catch up with 赶上；对…产生恶果come true（预言，期望等）实现，成为事实come up to 达到（标准），比得上 come up with 提出，提供，想出 do away with 废除，去掉 fall back on 借助于，依靠fall in with 符合，同意，赞成；与…交往 as follows 如下get along with 与…相处（融洽）get down to 开始认真处理，着手做 give oneself up 自首give way to 给…让路，对…让步，被…代替 go along with 赞同go back on 违背（诺言等）go in for 从事，参加；爱好hang on to 紧紧抓住；保留（某物）lend itself to 适合于let alone 不打扰，不惊动，更别提 let go(of)放开，松手live up to 符合，不辜负（期望）；遵守，实践（诺言、原则等）look up to 尊敬look down on/upon 看不起，轻视 make up for 补偿，弥补never mind 不要紧，没关系；不用担心，别管 put in for 正式申请 put up with 容忍，忍受refer to…as… 把…称作，把…当作 run out of 用完，耗尽serve…right 给…应得的惩罚 set in 开始（并将延续下去）stand up for 支持，维持，保卫stand up to 勇敢地面对，抵抗；经得起，顶得住take…as 把…当作，认为think of…as 把…看作是，以为…是think better of 经过考虑对…改变主意（或看法）三、形容词词组和固定搭配be able to(do)能（做），会（做）be about to(do)即将，正要be absent from 缺勤，缺课be abundant in 丰富的，富裕的 be accustomed to习惯于，适应于be acquainted with 与…相识，熟悉，了解 be active in 积极于be afraid of 恐怕，害怕，担扰 be alive to 注意到，对…敏感 be angry at 因某事生气 be angry with 对…发怒be anxious about 担心，为…担忧 be anxious for 急切盼望，渴望be anxious to(do)渴望（做）be ashamed of 为…感到害臊be aware of 意识到 be bad at 拙于，不善于be based on 根据，以…为基础be beside oneself 极度兴奋，对自己的情感失去控制 be better off 生活优越起来，境况好起来 be bound to(do)一定会，不得不 be careful to(do)务必注意（做）be certain to(do)一定（做），必然（做）be capable of 能够be confident in 对…有信心 be characterized by 以…为特征 be clever at 擅长于be combined with 与…结合be composed of 由……组成be concerned about 关心，挂念 be curious to(do)很想（做）be dependent on/upon 取决于，依赖 be determined to(do)决心（做）be different from 与…不同 be eager for 渴望be eager to(do)急于要（做）be equal to 等于be famous for 以…著名 be fond of 喜欢，爱好be free from 无…的，摆脱了…的be friendly to 对…友好be glad to(do)乐于（做），对…感到高兴be good at(doing)善于，擅长 be good for 适于，在…期间有效 be grateful to 感谢，感激be independent of 脱离…而独立，与…无关 be indispensable for 对…必不可少的 be interested in 对…感兴趣be kind enough to(do)承…好意，恳请 be late for 迟到be likely to(do)可能要，像是要 be mad about 迷恋 be well off 生活富裕 be pleased to(do)乐于be pleased with 对…感到满意be popular with 得人心的，受…欢迎的 be present at 出席be proud of 以…自豪，因…感到满意be ready for 为…准备好be rich in 富于be satisfied with 对…满意，满足于 be second to 次于be short for 是…的缩写（简称）be short of 短缺 be sick for 渴望be sick in bed 病在床上 be sick of 对…感到厌倦 be sorry for 对…感到抱歉 be strict with 对…要求严格 be suited to 适合于be supposed to(do)应该，非…不可 be sure of 坚信，确信 be sure to(do)一定，必定be surprised at 对…感到惊奇be through with 结束 be tired from 因…而疲乏 be tired of 厌烦；对…厌倦 be tired out 疲倦，急了 be true of 适用于be unconscious of 不知道… be unequal to 无法胜任…的be unfit for 不适合，不胜任 be useful to 对…有用 be well up in 精通，熟悉 be wild with joy 欣喜 be willing to(do)乐意…be worried about 为…而担心be worse off 处境较坏，情况恶化 be worth(doing)值得（做）be wrong with 有点毛病，有些不舒服第三篇：常用的英文词组side by side并排, 并肩learn...by heart用心学习combine...with...与...结合in that circumstances如果是那样的话replace...with...用...代替...keep a record of记录comments on...关于...的意见 at least至少来源： speak about 谈及expect of/from...从...当中期待in return作为回报the survey on...关于...的调查 differ in...在...不同 emerge from...从...出现 be satisfied with...对…感到满意play...roles扮演...的角色lean over...弯下身子俯身于...之上turn out结果是，证明是in silence在沉默中 burst into laughter 突然笑出声来concentrate on...全神贯注于...be replaced by被...所取代for the purpose of...为了..., 因...起见distinguish...from...区分...与municate with...与...交流one another彼此，相互by means of...用...的方法at the approach of...在...快到的时候 differ from...与...不同 for instance举例来说divide...into...把...分成...enable sb.to do...使某人能够做某事wave goodbye挥别in sympathy with同情赞成和...一致 look over察看, 检查a lack of...缺少...check with...与...协商tend to do...趋向于做...，喜欢做...call after追喊, 以...命名call for要求, 提倡fight against与...作战（敌人之间）fight with 与...作战（战友之间）agreement on...关于...达成的协议 add up合计 add to增加take...for example以...为例 in price在价格上 in the long run从长远来看 on offer在出售中 choose from...从...中挑选be curious about...对...感到好奇 confront with...使面临, 使面对with interest有兴趣地 an average of...平均是...at high altitudes在很高的地方draw one’s attention吸引某人的注意 focus on集中考试大论坛 in years to come在未来的几年内 as a matter of fact实际上adopt a positive approach 采取一种正确的方法wait for等待pass through经过, 通过 a sequence of一系列的 set apart from 把...区分开 take...for granted 以...为骄傲be aware of/that注意到 translate into翻译成 set in开始 intend to do想要做 looking forward to期望be built from...用...去建造 a wide variety of很多的at advancedlevels在高级范围内 carry out完成，实施 according to根据aim to do指望做某事make sacrifices to do做出牺牲而做in depth深入地a series of一系列,一连串 above all首先,尤其是 as well同样,也,还as well as除...外(也),即...又 aside from除...外(还有)at a loss茫然,不知所措 at a time一次,每次at all丝毫(不),一点也不 at all costs不惜一切代价at all events不管怎样,无论如何 at all times随时,总是at any rate无论如何,至少after all毕竟,究竟 ahead of在...之前 ahead of time提前all at once突然,同时all but几乎;除了...都all of a sudden突然 all over遍及all over again再一次,重新 all the time一直,始终 all the same 仍然,照样的as regards关于,至于 anything but根本不 as a matter of fact实际上apart from除...外(有/无)as a rule通常,照例as a result(of)因此,由于 as far as...be concerned 就...而言 as far as远至,到...程度 as for至于,关于 as follows如下as if好像,仿怫 as good as和...几乎一样 as usual像平常一样,照例 as to至于,关于all right令人满意的;可以at bestat firstat first sightat handat heartat homeat intervalsat largeat leastat lastat lengthat mostat no timeby accidentat one timeat presentat sb's disposalat the cost ofat the mercy ofat the momentat this rateat timesback and forthback ofbefore long充其量,至多最初,起先乍一看,初看起来在手边,在附近内心里,本质上在家,在国内不时,每隔...大多数,未被捕获的至少终于最终,终于至多,不超过从不,决不偶然曾经,一度;同时目前,现在任...处理以...为代价任凭...摆布此刻,目前照此速度有时,间或来回地,反复地在...后面不久以后beside point离题的,不相干的 beyond question毫无疑问 by air 通过航空途径 by all means尽一切办法,务必 by and by不久,迟早by chance偶然,碰巧by far最,...得多by hand用手,用体力by itself自动地,独自地 by means of用,依靠by mistake错误地,无意地 by no means决不,并没有 by oneself 单独地,独自地 by reason of由于 by the way顺便说说by virtue of借助,由于by way of经由,通过...方法 due to由于,因为 each other互相even if/though即使,虽然ever so非常,极其 every now and then 时而,偶尔 every other 每隔一个的 except for除了...外 face to face面对面地far from远非,远离 for ever永远 for good永久地 for the better 好转for the moment暂时,目前for the present暂时,目前for the sake of为了,为了...的利益for the time being 暂时,眼下from time to time有时,不时hand in hand手拉手,密切关联head on迎面地,正面的heart and soul全心全意地 how about...怎么样 in a hurry匆忙,急于 in case of假如,防备in a moment立刻,一会儿 in a sense从某种意义上说 in a way 在某种程度上 in a word简言之,总之 in accordance with 与...一致,按照in addition另外,加之in addition to除...之外(还)in advance预先,事先 in all总共,合计in any case无论如何in any event无论如何 in brief简单地说 in charge of负责,总管in common共用的,共有的 in consequence(of)因此;由于in debt欠债,欠情 in detail详细地 in difficulty处境困难in effect实际上,事实上 in general一般来说,大体上in favor of支持,赞成 in front of面对,在...前 in half成两半in hand在进行中,待办理 in honor of为庆祝,为纪念in itself本质上,就其本身而言in line with与...一致 in memory of 纪念 in no case决不in no time立即,马上in no way决不in order按顺序,按次序 in other words换句话说 in part部分地in particular特别,尤其in person亲自,本人in place在合适的位置 in place of代替,取代,交换 in practice在实践中,实际上 in proportion to 与...成比例in public 公开地,当众 in quantity 大量in question 正在谈论的 in regard to 关于,至于 in relation to 关于,涉及in return 作为报答/回报/交换 in return for 作为对...报答 in short 简言之,总之 in sight 被见到;在望 in spite of 尽管in step 齐步,合拍in step with 与...一致/协调 in tears 流着泪,在哭着in the course of 在...期间/过程中in the distance 在远处in the end 最后,终于in the event of 如果...发生,万一 in the face of 即使;在...面前 in the first place 首先 in the future 在未来in the least 丝毫,一点 in(the)light of 鉴于,由于 in the way 挡道in the world 究竟,到底 in time 及时in touch联系,接触in turn依次,轮流;转而 in vain徒劳,白费力 instead of代替,而不是 just now眼下;刚才little by little 逐渐地 lots of许多 many a 许多more or less 或多或少,有点 next door 隔壁的,在隔壁no doubt 无疑地no less than 不少于...;不亚于...no longer 不再 no more 不再no more than 至多,同...一样不none other than 不是别的,正是on one's guard 警惕,提防nothing but 只有,只不过 now and then 时而,偶尔 off and on 断断续续,间歇地off duty 下班on a large/small scale 大/小规模地on account of 由于on(an/the)average平均,通常 on behalf of 代表on board 在船(车/飞机)上 on business 因公on condition that 如果 on duty 上班,值班 on earth 究竟,到底on fire 起火着火 on foot 步行,on guard 站岗,值班 on hand 在场,在手边on occasion(s)有时,间或on one's own 独立,独自 on purpose 故意地 on sale 出售,廉价出售on schedule 按时间表,准时 on second thoughts 经重新考虑on the contrary 正相反on the grounds of 根据,以...为由 on(the)one hand 一方面 on the other hand 另一方面 on the point of 即将...的时刻on the road 在旅途中on the side 作为兼职/副业 on the spot 在场;马上on the whole 总的来说,大体上 on time 准时once again 再一次once(and)for all 一劳永逸地 once in a while 偶尔 once more 再一次once upon a time 从前one another 相互or else 否则,要不然or so 大约,左右other than 非;除了out of 从...中;由于;缺乏out of breath 喘不过气来 out of control 失去控制 out of date 过时的 out of doors 在户外 out of order 出故障的out of place 不适当的out of practice 久不练习,荒疏 out of sight 看不见,在视野外out of the question 毫无可能的 out of touch 不联系,不接触over and over(again)一再地,再三地 prior at 在...之前quite a few 相当多,不少 rather than 不是...(而是)regardless of 不顾,不惜right away 立即,马上 side by side 肩并肩,一起 so far 迄今为止sooner or later 迟早,早晚 step by step 逐步地such as 例如,诸如 thanks to 由于,多亏that is(to say)就是说,即to the point 切中要害,切题under control 处于控制之下under the circumstances 这种情况下 up to date 在进行中up to 多达;直到;胜任;取决于 what if 切合目前情况的 what about 怎么样with respect to 如果...将怎么样with regard to 关于,至于without question 关于,至于,with the exception of 除...之外 without question 毫无疑问 word for word 逐字的第四篇：英文词组收集词组专题九年级上外研版英语知识点总汇一、加to do的，或是有to的，或与同类的进行比较。
商务谈判常用词汇--资料
商务谈判常用词汇1、出口方面的词汇出口信贷export credit出口津贴export subsidy商品倾销dumping外汇倾销exchange dumping优惠关税special preferences保税仓库bonded warehouse贸易顺差favorable balance of trade贸易逆差unfavorable balance of trade进口配额制import quotas自由贸易区free trade zone对外贸易值value of foreign trade国际贸易值value of international trade普遍优惠制generalized system of preferences-GSP 最惠国待遇most-favored nation treatment-MFNT2、价格条件价格术语trade term (price term)运费freight单价price码头费wharfage总值total value卸货费landing charges金额amount关税customs duty净价net price印花税stamp duty含佣价price including commission港口税port dues回佣return commission .装运港port of shipment折扣discount, allowance卸货港port of discharge批发价wholesale price目的港port of destination零售价retail price进口许口证import licence现货价格spot price出口许口证export licence期货价格forward price现行价格（时价）current price prevailing price国际市场价格world (International)Market price离岸价（船上交货价）FOB-free on board成本加运费价（离岸加运费价）C&F-cost and freight到岸价（成本加运费、保险费价）CIF-cost,insurance and freight（离岸价（FOB）、到岸价（CIF），和保税区价（CIP））3、交货条件交货delivery轮船steamship(缩写S.S)装运、装船shipment租船charter (the chartered ship)交货时间time of delivery定程租船voyage charter装运期限time of shipment定期租船time charter托运人（一般指出口商）shipper, consignor收货人consignee班轮regular shipping liner驳船lighter舱位shipping space油轮tanker报关clearance of goods陆运收据cargo receipt提货to take delivery of goods空运提单airway bill正本提单original B\\L选择港（任意港）optional port选港费optional charges选港费由买方负担optional charges to be borne by the Buyers 或optional charges for Buyers’account一月份装船shipment during January 或January shipment一月底装船shipment not later than Jan.31st.或shipment on or before Jan.31st.一/二月份装船shipment during Jan./Feb.或Jan./Feb. shipment在......(时间)分两批装船shipment during....in two lots在......(时间)平均分两批装船shipment during....in two equal lots分三个月装运in three monthly shipments分三个月，每月平均装运in three equal monthly shipments立即装运immediate shipments即期装运prompt shipments收到信用证后30天内装运shipments within 30 days after receipt of L/C允许分批装船partial shipment not allowed partial shipment not permitted partial shipment not unacceptable4、交易磋商、合同签订订单indent订货；订购book; booking电复cable reply实盘firm offer递盘bid; bidding递实盘bid firm还盘counter offer发盘（发价）offer发实盘offer firm询盘（询价）inquiry; enquiry5、交易磋商、合同签订订单indent订货；订购book; booking电复cable reply实盘firm offer递盘bid; bidding递实盘bid firm还盘counter offer发盘（发价）offer发实盘offer firm询盘（询价）inquiry; enquiry6、交易磋商、合同签订指示性价格price indication速复reply immediately参考价reference price习惯做法usual practice交易磋商business negotiation不受约束without engagement业务洽谈business discussion限**复subject to reply **限* *复到subject to reply reaching here **有效期限time of validity有效至**: valid till **购货合同purchase contract销售合同sales contract购货确认书purchase confirmation销售确认书sales confirmation一般交易条件general terms and conditions以未售出为准subject to prior sale需经卖方确认subject to seller’s confirmation需经我方最后确认subject to our final confirmation到岸价（成本加运费、保险费价）CIF-cost,insurance and freight7、贸易方式INT (拍卖auction)寄售consignment招标invitation of tender投标submission of tender一般代理人agent总代理人general agent代理协议agency agreement累计佣金accumulative commission补偿贸易compensation trade （或抵偿贸易）compensating/compensatory trade （又叫：往返贸易）counter trade来料加工processing on giving materials来料装配assembling on provided parts独家经营/专营权exclusive right独家经营/包销/代理协议exclusivity agreement独家代理sole agency; sole agent; exclusive agency; exclusive agent8、品质条件品质quality原样original sample规格specifications复样duplicate sample说明description对等样品countersample标准standard type 参考样品reference sample商品目录catalogue封样sealed sample宣传小册pamphlet公差tolerance货号article No. 花色（搭配）assortment样品sample 5% 增减5% plus or minus代表性样品representative sample大路货（良好平均品质）fair average quality9、商检仲裁索赔claim 争议disputes罚金条款penalty 仲裁arbitration不可抗力force Majeure仲裁庭arbitral tribunal产地证明书certificate of origin品质检验证书inspection certificate of quantity重量检验证书inspection certificate of weight (quantity)**商品检验局**commodity inspection bureau (*.C.I.B)品质、重量检验证书inspection certificate10、数量条件个数number 净重net weight容积capacity 毛作净gross for net体积volume 皮重tare毛重gross weight溢短装条款more or less clause11、外汇外汇foreign exchange法定贬值devaluation外币foreign currency 法定升值revaluation汇率rate of exchange浮动汇率floating rate国际收支balance of payments 硬通货hard currency直接标价direct quotation 软通货soft currency间接标价indirect quotation金平价gold standard买入汇率buying rate 通货膨胀inflation卖出汇率selling rate 固定汇率fixed rate金本位制度gold standard 黄金输送点gold points铸币平价mint par 纸币制度paper money system国际货币基金international monetary fund黄金外汇储备gold and foreign exchange reserve汇率波动的官定上下限official upper and lower limits of fluctuation现在国际上通用的贸易方法一般分为离岸价（FOB）、到岸价（CIF），和保税区价（CIP）。
高频商务谈判英语词汇
⾼频商务谈判英语词汇⾼频商务谈判英语词汇 以下是相关的'⾼频商务谈判英语词汇，包括外贸、价格、交货及交易磋商等相关词汇，⽅便你在学习和⼯作中⽤到，希望⼤家喜欢。
1、外贸相关词汇 出⼝信贷 export credit 出⼝津贴 export subsidy 商品倾销 dumping 外汇倾销 exchange dumping 优惠关税 special preferences 保税仓库 bonded warehouse 贸易顺差 favorable balance of trade 贸易逆差 unfavorable balance of trade 进⼝配额制 import quotas ⾃由贸易区 free trade zone 对外贸易值 value of foreign trade 国际贸易值 value of international trade 普遍优惠制 generalized system of preferences-GSP 最惠国待遇 most-favored nation treatment-MFNT 2、价格相关词汇 价格术语trade term (price term) 运费freight 单价 price 总值 total value 折扣discount, allowance 卸货港port of discharge 批发价 wholesale price ⽬的港port of destination 零售价 retail price 进⼝许⼝证import licence 现货价格spot price 出⼝许⼝证export licence 期货价格forward price 卸货费landing charges ⾦额 amount 关税customs duty 净价 net price 含佣价price including commission 港⼝税port dues 回佣return commission . 装运港port of shipment 现⾏价格(时价)current price prevailing price 国际市场价格 world (International)Market price 离岸价(船上交货价)FOB-free on board 成本加运费价(离岸加运费价) C&F-cost and freight 到岸价(成本加运费、保险费价)CIF-cost,insurance and freight。
商务谈判的常用英语
商务谈判的常用英语1、Thanks. By the way， do you have any plans for tonight？谢谢。
顺便问一下，今晚有什么安排吗？2、None whatsoever. Im at your disposal.一点儿也没有呢。
我得听你安排。
3、 Why dont we have dinner together to celebrate the suess of our first deal. There is a very nice restaurant round the corner.咱们一起吃晚饭，庆祝我们的首次交易成功，好不好？附近有一家饭店非常不错。
4、Id love to！太好了！5、Excuse me， are you Mr. Pierre from Paris？请问，哪一位是从巴黎来的皮埃尔先生？6、Please remember to use both English and Chinese versions and both versions should be equally valid.请记住用中英两种文字缮制合同，两种文本同样有效。
7、Naturally. Each of us keeps one original and two copies.那是当然。
我们每人保存一份正本和两份副本。
8、Then Ill e along two days later to put my signature on it.那么两天后我再来签字。
9、Good.好的。
10、Well Mr.Chen， its been very pleasant talking with you.陈先生，跟您谈话真是非常愉快。
11、Your L/C must be opened at least one month before the time of shipment， otherwise we wouldnt be able to catch the ship.你方信用证必须在装货前一个月开出，否那么我们将赶不上船。
商务谈判文中单词
商务谈判文中单词Chapter11、Fundanmentals of international business negotiation 国际商务谈判概述2、Key concepts of negotiation 谈判基本概念3、BATNA（best alternative to a negotiation agreement）达成协议的最佳抉择4、Reservation price 底线价格5、The principles of business negotiation 商务谈判基本原则6、Characteristics of business negotiation 商务谈判的特点7、The basic principles of negotiation 谈判的基本原则8、Correct understanding of negotiation 对谈判的正确理解9、Conflicts 冲突10、Key aspects of negotiation 谈判的几个主要方面11、Tips for a successful international business negotiation mission 成功国际商务谈判提示12、Interpreters in international business negotiation 国际商务谈判中的翻译人员13、Stages of negotiation 谈判的几个阶段14、Pre-negotiation 前几准备阶段15、Face-to-face negotiation 面对面谈判阶段16、Post-negotiation 谈判后期阶段17、Psychology in negotiation 谈判的心理18、The need theory 需要理论19、The need theory and negotiation 谈判与需要理论Chapter21、proper behaviors in international businesss negotiation 国际商务谈判中的正确行为举止2、Assumptions 假定3、The concepts of assumptions 假定的概念4、The types of hidden assumptions 潜在假定的类型5、The barrier of listening 听的障碍6、Active listening 认真倾听7、Talking 说8、Negotiation language 谈判语言9、How to open and close 怎样开头和结尾10、Several aspects to beware of 要注意的几个方面11、Inquiring 问12、Asking questions 提问13、How to deliver questions 怎样提问14、Several aspects to beware of 要注意的几个方面15、Effective responding 正确的回答16、Observing 观察17、Facial expression 面部表情18、Body language of upper limbs 上肢语言19、Body language of lower limbs 下肢语言20、How to get rid of the detrimental body language 怎样去除不好的身体语言Chapter31、choosing the negotiation team 谈判班子的组成2、Who qualifies as a negotiation 谁能成为谈判者3、Personal characteristics 谈判人员的素质4、A negotiator as an individual 谈判者个人5、The role of a chief negotiator 主谈人的职责6、The chief negotiator 主谈人7、Organizational qualities of the chief negotiator 主谈人的组织能力8、Team solidarity 谈判班子的团结9、A comparison between a single negotiator and anegotiation team 个人谈判与小组谈判的比较10、Organizational structure for negotiators 谈判班子的组织结构11、How big should the team be 谈判班子的规模12、The importance of team solidarity 谈判班子团结的重要性Chapter41、preparing for negotiation 谈判的准备阶段2、Scheduling the first meetings 初次会面的各项准备工作3、Flights,ground transport and traffic issues 航班、地面交通问题4、Jet lag,weather and health issues 飞行时差、天气及健康问题5、Clothing 服装问题6、Dining 饮食习惯问题7、Holidays and religions 假日与宗教问题8、Gifts 礼品问题9、Setting the agenda 制定谈判议程10、Taking a proactive role 积极筹划议程11、Visitors and agendas 客方与谈判议程12、Negotiating agenda 议程商议13、Accommodating the social aspects 提供社交便利14、Preparing for negotiation 谈判的各项准备15、Establishing objectives 制定谈判目标16、Issues and positions 确定谈判内容与谈判立场17、Meeting site and accommodation 谈判地点与食宿选择18、The physical preparation 谈判场地布置19、Opening the meeting 谈判开场白Chapter51、the bargaining process 谈判的磋商阶段2、Bidding 报价3、Tactics of the choice of bid 报价的确立策略4、Tactics of the presentation of bid 报价的表达策略5、Tactics of responsiveness 回应策略6、Bargaining 磋商7、The moves we must make at the start 磋商初始的策略8、The ways to influence the deal 左右磋商局势的方式9、Tactics of making concessions 让步的策略10、Tactics of breaking an impasse 僵局的破解策略11、Towards settlement 达成共识Chapter61、Closing the negotiation 谈判的终局阶段2、Closing the deal 结束谈判3、Who makes the decision 谁来作决定4、When is it time to close 什么时候结束5、Tactics towards agreement 达成协议的策略6、Recessing 休会7、Setting deadlines 规定最后期限8、Full disclosure / the straightforward statement 摊牌9、Lubrication / the golf club 联络感情10、The study group 各个击破11、Tips on contract signing 签约过程应注意的问题12、The draft of the contract 合同文本的起草13、Examination of the qualification of the contract signer and its trading items , scope and process 对签约人资格及交易条款、范围和过程的审查14、Contract articles must be rigid and thorough 合同的条款必须严密、详细15、The contract signing ceremony 合同的缔约或签字仪式16、Summary of the negotiation 谈判总结17、Value evaluation standard of business negotiation 商务谈判的价值评判标准18、Content of business negotiation summary 商务谈判总结的内容19、Steps of business negotiating summary 商务谈判总结的步骤Chapter71、negotiation strategies 谈判策略2、Choices of strategies 策略的选择3、Strategic considerations 策略的考虑4、Guidelines for strategic decisions 决策指南5、Negotiation strategies 谈判策略6、“when” strategy 何时出击，何时叫停7、“how and where” strategy 怎样谈，谈什么8、Dealing with difficult people and difficult situations 在困境中和强手周旋9、Developing self-control 增强自制力10、Accurate diagnosis 准确判断对手11、Knowing one’s core values 掌握核心价值12、Appropriate anger management 适度发泄不满13、Role selection 谈判角色选择14、Doing the unexpected 出其不意15、Resiliency 保持弹性16、Handling conflicts in negotiation 处理谈判冲突17、The nature of conflicts 冲突的本质18、Are conflicts bad 冲突是坏事吗19、Promoting consensus in negotiation 促进谈判的一致性20、Preventing small conflicts from growing into big ones 防止小的冲突变大21、Anticipating conflicts 先入为主Chapter81、international sales negotiation 国际销售谈判2、The contents of international sales negotiation 国际销售谈判的内容3、Quality 质量4、Quantity 数量5、Packing 包装6、Shipment 装运7、Quotation 报价8、Offer and counter offer 出价与还价9、Insurance 保险10、Payment 支付11、Inspection 商检12、Claiming for damages and arbitration 索赔与仲裁13、The process of international sales and purchases negotiation 国际买卖谈判过程14、The types of negotiations 谈判类型15、The negotiation process 谈判过程16、The contract signing process 合同签订过程17、Strategies and applications 策略及应用18、Negotiation principles 谈判原则19、Avoiding pitfalls to effective negotiation 避免谈判陷阱20、Designing strategies and tactics 设计谈判策略和技巧21、Targers and tactics 目标及技巧22、Negotiation disciplines 谈判守则Chapter91、international business contract negotiation 国际商务合同谈判2、General introduction 概述3、The concept of international business contracts 国际商务合同的概念4、Types of international business contracts 国际商务合同的类型5、The required terms of an international business contract 国际商务合同的必要条款6、The structure of an international business contract 国际商务合同的结构7、Cultural issues affecting international business contracts 影响国际商务合同的文化因素8、Cultural dos and don’ts of negotiating contracts 合同谈判的文化方面的行为准则9、Drafting , signing and enforcing the contract 草拟、签订和执行合同10、The basic principles 基本原则11、The signing requirements 签订要求12、Ten tips to tighten the clauses 使合同条款严谨的10个技巧13、Implementation 合同的执行14、Transferring , altering , rescinding and terminating the contract 合同转让、修改、废除和终止15、Transferring the contract 合同转让16、Altering and rescinding the contract 合同修改和废除17、Terminating the contract 合同终止18、Settlement of disputes 争端解决19、Contract dispute 合同争端20、Means of dispute handling 争端解决方式21、Applicable low 适用法律。
商务谈判常用词汇
商务谈判常用词汇1、出口方面的词汇出口信贷 export credit出口津贴 export subsidy商品倾销 dumping外汇倾销 exchange dumping优惠关税 special preferences保税仓库 bonded warehouse贸易顺差 favorable balance of trade贸易逆差 unfavorable balance of trade进口配额制 import quotas自由贸易区 free trade zone对外贸易值 value of foreign trade国际贸易值 value of international trade普遍优惠制 generalized system of preferences-GSP 最惠国待遇 most-favored nation treatment-MFNT2、价格条件价格术语trade term (price term)运费freight单价 price码头费wharfage总值 total value卸货费landing charges金额 amount关税customs duty净价 net price印花税stamp duty含佣价price including commission港口税port dues回佣return commission .装运港port of shipment折扣discount, allowance卸货港port of discharge批发价 wholesale price目的港port of destination零售价 retail price进口许口证import licence现货价格spot price出口许口证export licence期货价格forward price现行价格（时价）current price prevailing price国际市场价格 world (International)Market price离岸价（船上交货价）FOB-free on board成本加运费价（离岸加运费价） C&F-cost and freight到岸价（成本加运费、保险费价）CIF-cost,insurance and freight（离岸价（FOB）、到岸价（CIF），和保税区价（CIP））3、交货条件交货delivery轮船steamship(缩写S.S)装运、装船shipment租船charter (the chartered ship)交货时间 time of delivery定程租船voyage charter装运期限time of shipment定期租船time charter托运人（一般指出口商）shipper, consignor收货人consignee班轮regular shipping liner驳船lighter舱位shipping space油轮tanker报关clearance of goods陆运收据cargo receipt提货to take delivery of goods空运提单airway bill正本提单original B\\L选择港（任意港）optional port选港费optional charges选港费由买方负担 optional charges to be borne by the Buyers 或 optional charges for Buyers’ account一月份装船 shipment during January 或 January shipment一月底装船 shipment not later than Jan.31st.或shipment on or before Jan.31st. 一/二月份装船 shipment during Jan./Feb.或 Jan./Feb. shipment在......(时间)分两批装船 shipment during....in two lots在......(时间)平均分两批装船 shipment during....in two equal lots分三个月装运 in three monthly shipments分三个月，每月平均装运 in three equal monthly shipments立即装运 immediate shipments即期装运 prompt shipments收到信用证后30天内装运 shipments within 30 days after receipt of L/C允许分批装船 partial shipment not allowed partial shipment not permitted partial shipment not unacceptable4、交易磋商、合同签订订单 indent订货；订购 book; booking电复 cable reply实盘 firm offer递盘 bid; bidding递实盘 bid firm还盘 counter offer发盘（发价） offer发实盘 offer firm询盘（询价） inquiry; enquiry5、交易磋商、合同签订订单 indent订货；订购 book; booking电复 cable reply实盘 firm offer递盘 bid; bidding递实盘 bid firm还盘 counter offer发盘（发价） offer发实盘 offer firm询盘（询价） inquiry; enquiry6、交易磋商、合同签订指示性价格 price indication速复 reply immediately参考价 reference price习惯做法 usual practice交易磋商 business negotiation不受约束 without engagement业务洽谈 business discussion限**复 subject to reply **限* *复到 subject to reply reaching here **有效期限 time of validity有效至**: valid till **购货合同 purchase contract销售合同 sales contract购货确认书 purchase confirmation销售确认书 sales confirmation一般交易条件 general terms and conditions以未售出为准 subject to prior sale需经卖方确认 subject to seller’s confirmation需经我方最后确认 subject to our final confirmation到岸价（成本加运费、保险费价）CIF-cost,insurance and freight7、贸易方式INT (拍卖auction)寄售consignment招标invitation of tender投标submission of tender一般代理人agent总代理人general agent代理协议agency agreement累计佣金accumulative commission补偿贸易compensation trade （或抵偿贸易）compensating/compensatory trade （又叫：往返贸易） counter trade来料加工processing on giving materials来料装配assembling on provided parts独家经营/专营权exclusive right独家经营/包销/代理协议exclusivity agreement独家代理 sole agency; sole agent; exclusive agency; exclusive agent8、品质条件品质 quality原样 original sample规格 specifications复样 duplicate sample说明 description对等样品 countersample标准 standard type 参考样品 reference sample商品目录 catalogue封样 sealed sample宣传小册 pamphlet公差 tolerance货号 article No. 花色（搭配） assortment样品 sample 5% 增减 5% plus or minus代表性样品 representative sample大路货（良好平均品质）fair average quality9、商检仲裁索赔 claim 争议disputes罚金条款 penalty 仲裁arbitration不可抗力 force Majeure仲裁庭arbitral tribunal产地证明书certificate of origin品质检验证书 inspection certificate of quantity重量检验证书 inspection certificate of weight (quantity)**商品检验局 **commodity inspection bureau (*.C.I.B)品质、重量检验证书 inspection certificate10、数量条件个数 number 净重 net weight容积 capacity 毛作净 gross for net体积 volume 皮重 tare毛重 gross weight溢短装条款 more or less clause11、外汇外汇 foreign exchange法定贬值 devaluation外币 foreign currency 法定升值 revaluation汇率 rate of exchange浮动汇率floating rate国际收支 balance of payments 硬通货 hard currency直接标价 direct quotation 软通货 soft currency间接标价 indirect quotation金平价 gold standard买入汇率 buying rate 通货膨胀 inflation卖出汇率 selling rate 固定汇率 fixed rate金本位制度 gold standard 黄金输送点 gold points铸币平价 mint par 纸币制度 paper money system国际货币基金 international monetary fund黄金外汇储备 gold and foreign exchange reserve汇率波动的官定上下限 official upper and lower limits of fluctuation现在国际上通用的贸易方法一般分为离岸价（FOB）、到岸价（CIF），和保税区价（CIP）。
商务英语合同中高频的英语单词
商务英语合同中高频的英语单词商务英语合同中高频的英语单词是指在商务合同中经常出现的英语单词，这些单词在商务交流和合作中起到重要的作用。
熟悉这些单词可以帮助我们更好地理解商务合同，并顺利进行商务谈判和合作。
以下是一些常见的商务英语合同中高频的英语单词及其简要解释。
1. Agreement - 合同，协议2. Party - 当事方，合同方3. Obligation - 义务，责任4. Termination - 终止，解除5. Duration - 期限，持续时间6. Confidentiality - 保密，机密性7. Breach - 违反，违约8. Indemnification - 赔偿，补偿9. Governing Law - 法律适用10. Force Majeure - 不可抗力11. Jurisdiction - 管辖权，司法管辖权12. Amendment - 修改，修订13. Arbitration - 仲裁14. Non-Disclosure - 保密，不泄露15. Representations and Warranties - 陈述和保证16. Liability - 责任，义务17. Assignment - 转让，让与18. Counterpart - 对方，副本19. Entire Agreement - 整个协议20. Consultation - 协商，咨询以上是商务英语合同中常见的一些高频英语单词，这些单词在商务合同中经常出现，掌握它们可以帮助我们更好地理解合同内容并与合作伙伴进行沟通和协商。
当我们在阅读、起草或执行商务合同时，使用正确的商务英语术语将提高我们的专业能力和商务交流效果。
在商务合作中，准确理解合同条款是至关重要的。
谈判双方需要清楚地表达各自的权利和义务，并确保合同中的条款符合双方的期望和需求。
因此，在签署商务合同之前，我们可以借助专业翻译或咨询法律专业人士来确保合同内容的准确性和合法性。
商务人士必背英语单词及例句
商务人士必背英语单词及例句1. Introduction本文档将为商务人士提供一份必背的英语单词及例句，以帮助提高商务沟通能力。
2. Essential Business English Vocabulary以下是商务人士必须掌握的英语单词及其例句：2.1. Negotiation (谈判)- Terms and conditions: We need to discuss the terms and conditions of the proposed agreement. (我们需要讨论所提议协议的条款和条件。
)2.2. Presentation (演讲)- Engage the audience: A good presenter knows how to engage the audience through interactive activities. (优秀的演讲者知道如何通过互动的活动吸引观众。
)- Visual aids: The speaker used visual aids, such as charts and diagrams, to enhance the understanding of the topic. (演讲者使用了图表和图示等视觉辅助工具，以加深对话题的理解。
)- Q&A session: After the presentation, there will be a Q&A session for participants to ask questions. (演讲结束后，将有一个问答环节供参与者提问。
)2.3. Networking (人际交往)- Introduce oneself: When networking, it's important to introduce oneself and establish a connection with others. (在人际交往中，介绍自己并与他人建立联系非常重要。
商务英语高频词汇解析
千里之行，始于足下。
商务英语高频词汇解析商务英语高频词汇主要指在商务领域中经常使用的词汇，这些词汇涵盖了商务交流、商务活动、商务合作等各个方面。
下面是一些常见的商务英语高频词汇及其解析：1. negotiation (谈判)：指商业合作中双方就合作细节、价格、条款等进行协商和讨论的过程。
2. contract (合同)：指商业合作双方达成的书面协议，明确了各方的权利和义务。
3. agreement (协议)：指商业合作双方达成的口头或书面的共同意见，不同于合同，但具有法律效力。
4. investment (投资)：指将资金、资源等投入到某个企业、项目或市场中以获取收益。
5. marketing (市场营销)：指通过研究市场需求、开发销售策略和推广产品等方式来推销和销售商品或服务。
6. export (出口)：指将产品或服务从国内向国外销售。
7. import (进口)：指从国外购买产品或服务进入国内市场。
8. sales (销售)：指销售产品或服务以获取利润的过程。
9. finance (财务)：指管理和控制资金的流动，包括财务规划、投资决策、资金筹集等。
10. strategy (战略)：指为实现商业目标而制定的长期计划和方法。
11. market research (市场调研)：指通过收集和分析市场数据来评估市场需求和竞争状况的过程。
12. customer (客户)：指购买产品或服务的个人或组织。
13. negotiation skills (谈判技巧)：指在谈判过程中运用的技巧和策略，以达到合理的协议和解决争议。
14. trade (贸易)：指国内和国际间买卖商品和服务的活动。
第1页/共2页锲而不舍，金石可镂。
15. business meeting (商务会议)：指商业组织或企业的成员之间定期或临时召开的会议，用于讨论问题、做决策等。
以上是一些常见的商务英语高频词汇及其解析，这些词汇在商务领域中经常使用，对于学习和实践商务英语具有重要的意义。
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1、出口方面的词汇出口信贷 export credit出口津贴 export subsidy商品倾销 dumping外汇倾销 exchange dumping优惠关税 special preferences保税仓库 bonded warehouse贸易顺差 favorable balance of trade贸易逆差 unfavorable balance of trade进口配额制 import quotas自由贸易区 free trade zone对外贸易值 value of foreign trade国际贸易值 value of international trade普遍优惠制 generalized system of preferences-GSP 最惠国待遇 most-favored nation treatment-MFNT2、价格条件价格术语trade term （price term）运费freight单价 price码头费wharfage总值 total value卸货费landing charges金额 amount关税customs duty净价 net price印花税stamp duty含佣价price including commission港口税port dues回佣return commission .装运港port of shipment折扣discount, allowance卸货港port of discharge批发价 wholesale price目的港port of destination零售价 retail price进口许口证import licence现货价格spot price出口许口证export licence期货价格forward price现行价格（时价）current price prevailing price国际市场价格 world （International）Market price离岸价（船上交货价）FOB-free on board成本加运费价（离岸加运费价） C&F-cost and freight到岸价（成本加运费、保险费价）CIF-cost,insurance and freight 3、交货条件交货delivery轮船steamship（缩写S.S）装运、装船shipment租船charter （the chartered ship）交货时间 time of delivery定程租船voyage charter装运期限time of shipment定期租船time charter托运人（一般指出口商）shipper, consignor收货人consignee班轮regular shipping liner驳船lighter舱位shipping space油轮tanker报关clearance of goods陆运收据cargo receipt提货to take delivery of goods空运提单airway bill正本提单original B\\\\L选择港（任意港）optional port选港费optional charges选港费由买方负担 optional charges to be borne by the Buyers 或optional charges for Buyers' account一月份装船 shipment during January 或 January shipment一月底装船 shipment not later than Jan.31st.或shipment on or before Jan.31st.一/二月份装船 shipment during Jan./Feb.或 Jan./Feb. shipment在……（时间）分两批装船 shipment during……in two lots在……（时间）平均分两批装船 shipment during……in two equal lots分三个月装运 in three monthly shipments分三个月，每月平均装运 in three equal monthly shipments立即装运 immediate shipments即期装运 prompt shipments收到信用证后30天内装运 shipments within 30 days after receipt of L/C允许分批装船 partial shipment not allowed partial shipment not permitted partial shipment not unacceptable4、交易磋商、合同签订订单 indent订货；订购 book; booking电复 cable reply实盘 firm offer递盘 bid; bidding递实盘 bid firm还盘 counter offer发盘（发价） offer发实盘 offer firm询盘（询价） inquiry;enquiry5、交易磋商、合同签订订单 indent订货；订购 book; booking电复 cable reply实盘 firm offer递盘 bid; bidding递实盘 bid firm还盘 counter offer发盘（发价） offer发实盘 offer firm询盘（询价） inquiry;enquiry6、交易磋商、合同签订指示性价格 price indication速复 reply immediately参考价 reference price习惯做法 usual practice交易磋商 business negotiation不受约束 without engagement业务洽谈 business discussion限**复 subject to reply **限* *复到 subject to reply reaching here **有效期限 time of validity有效至**: valid till **购货合同 purchase contract销售合同 sales contract购货确认书 purchase confirmation销售确认书 sales confirmation一般交易条件 general terms and conditions 以未售出为准 subject to prior sale需经卖方确认 subject to seller's confirmation需经我方最后确认 subject to our final confirmation7、贸易方式INT （拍卖auction）寄售consignment招标invitation of tender投标submission of tender一般代理人agent总代理人general agent代理协议agency agreement累计佣金accumulative commission补偿贸易compensation trade （或抵偿贸易）compensating/compensatory trade （又叫：往返贸易） counter trade来料加工processing on giving materials来料装配assembling on provided parts独家经营/专营权exclusive right独家经营/包销/代理协议exclusivity agreement独家代理 sole agency; sole agent; exclusive agency;exclusive agent8、品质条件品质 quality 原样 original sample规格 specifications 复样 duplicate sample说明 description 对等样品 countersample标准 standard type 参考样品 reference sample商品目录 catalogue 封样 sealed sample宣传小册 pamphlet 公差 tolerance货号 article No. 花色（搭配） assortment样品 sample 5% 增减 5% plus or minus代表性样品 representative sample大路货（良好平均品质）fair average quality9、商检仲裁索赔 claim 争议disputes罚金条款 penalty 仲裁arbitration不可抗力 force Majeure 仲裁庭arbitral tribunal产地证明书certificate of origin品质检验证书 inspection certificate of quanlity重量检验证书 inspection certificate of weight （quantity）**商品检验局 **commodity inspection bureau （*.C.I.B）品质、重量检验证书 inspection certificate10、数量条件个数 number 净重 net weight容积 capacity 毛作净 gross for net体积 volume 皮重 tare毛重 gross weight溢短装条款 more or less clause11、外汇外汇 foreign exchange 法定贬值 devaluation外币 foreign currency 法定升值 revaluation汇率 rate of exchange 浮动汇率floating rate国际收支 balance of payments 硬通货 hard currency直接标价 direct quotation 软通货 soft currency间接标价 indirect quotation 金平价 gold standard买入汇率 buying rate 通货膨胀 inflation卖出汇率 selling rate 固定汇率 fixed rate金本位制度 gold standard 黄金输送点 gold points铸币平价 mint par 纸币制度 paper money system国际货币基金 international monetary fund黄金饣愦⒈?gold and foreign exchange reserve汇率波动的官定上下限 official upper and lower limits of fluctuation。