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食堂人员安全卫生考核试题及参考答案(一)

食堂人员安全卫生考核试题及参考答案(一)一、选择题1.以下哪种行为可能导致食品安全事故？（A）A.食品未煮熟煮透B.食品煮熟煮透后及时食用C.食品生熟分开D.食品存储在规定温度下参考答案：A2.以下哪个区域是食堂卫生的重点监管区域？（B）A.仓库B.操作间C.餐厅D.更衣室参考答案：B3.以下哪种食材不能直接用手触摸？（D）A.蔬菜B.水果C.肉类D.生鸡蛋参考答案：D4.以下哪个环节不属于食品安全“五关”？（C）A.采购关B.加工关C.储存关D.运输关参考答案：C5.以下哪种行为符合食品安全要求？（A）A.食品加工人员持健康证上岗B.食品加工人员上岗不穿工作服C.食品加工人员不带口罩D.食品加工人员不洗手参考答案：A二、判断题1.食堂工作人员在加工食品时，可以佩戴饰品。

（×）2.食堂内禁止吸烟。

（√）3.食堂工作人员可以穿便服进入操作间。

（×）4.发现食品变质，可以继续加工食用。

（×）5.食堂卫生检查应由专人负责，定期进行。

（√）三、简答题1.请简述食品安全“五关”的内容。

参考答案：食品安全“五关”包括：采购关、加工关、储存关、运输关和销售关。

这五个环节都要严格把控，确保食品安全。

2.请简述食堂操作间的卫生要求。

参考答案：（1）操作间要保持清洁、明亮、通风、干燥，无异味；（2）操作台、地面、墙壁、设备等要保持干净，无油渍、无污垢；（3）生熟食品要分开存放，防止交叉污染；（4）食品加工工具要专用，定期消毒；（5）操作人员要穿工作服、戴口罩、帽子，保持个人卫生。

四、案例分析某食堂发生一起食物中毒事故，经调查，以下为可能的原因：1.食堂采购的食材未经严格把关，部分食材变质；2.食堂操作间卫生状况较差，存在生熟食品交叉污染现象；3.食堂工作人员未定期进行健康检查；4.食堂未严格执行食品留样制度。

根据以上情况，请回答以下问题：1.导致食物中毒事故的主要原因是什么？参考答案：导致食物中毒事故的主要原因是食堂采购的食材变质、操作间卫生状况较差、工作人员未定期进行健康检查和未严格执行食品留样制度。

中国大学MOOC慕课答案（1）--试题及参考答案

考试时间 120 分钟试题班级学号姓名考场一、填空：（每空1分，共20分）1. 晶体三极管通常的工作状态有三种，工作在模拟电路中晶体三极管常用的状态是状态；而在数字电路中晶体三极管主要使用的是状态和状态。

2. 整流二极管的整流作用是利用PN 结的特性，稳压管的稳压作用是利用PN 结的特性。

3. 晶体管温度升高，则β变，I CBO 变，门限电压（死区电压）变。

4. 晶体三极管的三种基本放大电路中，输出电压与输入电压反相的电路是电路，输入电阻最小的是电路是电路，输出电阻最小的电路是电路。

5．在功放电路中，功放三极管常常处于极限工作状态。

因此，在选择功放管时要特别注意_______、_______和_______三个极限参数。

6．差分放大器的特点是放大_________信号，抑制_________信号。

7. 电路如图1 所示。

已知h fe = 100，h ie = 1k Ω，则R id = ________k Ω；R ic = _________ k Ω。

图1 图28. 由集成运放组成的电路如图2所示，已知V 1I =u ，运放工作电源为±15V ，输出的最大电压幅度为V 13，当R W 的滑动端处在最上端时，O _____u=V；当滑动处在最下端时，O _______u=V。

2、选择题（每题2分，共12分）1.电路如图3所示，若已知U GSQ=-2V，则I DQ为( )。

（A） 0.5mA （B） 1mA（C） 2mA （D） 3mA图32.如图4所示的4种接法，正确的接法是。

（A）（B）（C）（D）图43．电路如图5所示，设A1、A2均为理想运放，则该电路的电压放大倍数为__ 。

（A） 20 （B） -20（C） 21 （D） 1图54.图6中已知VT1和VT2性能相同，U BE=0.7V，饱和压降U CES=0.3V，R1=10KΩ，R2=20KΩ，h fe=100，r bb′=100Ω。

2022年考研数学一真题及参考答案

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社会责任试题1(参考答案)

答案仅供参考试题库1单项选择题：1、3月15日“国际消费者权益日”是（B）提出的。

A 1953年B 1983年C 1990年2、“世界地球日”是每年的（B ）。

A 3.22日B 4.22日C 6.22日3、《企业社会责任北京宣言》中，有（B）家在中国的外资企业签署了此宣言。

A 55B 66C 784、2008年国家电网公司在世界500强企业中，社会责任排名是（B）。

A 44B 55C 825、国家电网公司提出的“一特四大”战略是指：( C )A 特高压，大火电大水电大核电大风电B 特高压，大火电大太阳能大核电大风电C 特高压，大火电大水电大核电大再生能源6、我国煤炭需求到2020年要上升（ B ）亿吨，二氧化碳排放要降低（）%。

A （1）25－30，（2）10－19%B （1）45－49，（2）40－45%C （1）60以上，（2）50％以下7、“全球契约”原则是什么组织提出的。

AA 世界联合国组织 B国际标准化组织 C联合国环境计划署8、企业社会责任“三重底线”概念模型，指企业应履行（ C ）责任。

A 经济责任法律责任社会责任B 经济责任道德责任社会责任C 经济责任社会责任环保责任9、中国第一个《企业社会责任报告》是（C）发布的，并且由（）亲自在《报告》上做了批示。

A 中远集团温家宝总理B 海尔集团胡锦涛总书记C 国家电网公司温家宝总理10、最早出版《企业家的社会责任》一书的作者是：( B )A 约翰埃尔金顿B 霍华德鲍恩C 戈尔11、2002年美国通过了萨班斯法案》，要整肃上市公司的内部管理，增强资本市场信息透明化。

此法案主要由（ C ）因起的。

A 高盛事件B DDT事件C 安然事件12、2008年我国发电用没煤站全国煤炭消费总量的比例超过( C ) ,同期电力行业排放的二氧化硫占全国排放总量的比例超过( ).A (1 )50% (2) 45%B (1 )45% (2) 50%C (1 )50% (2)89%13、国网公司与菲律宾合作，获得了菲律宾国家输电网（ B ）年特许经营权。

2022年高考全国卷1理科数学试题及参考答案

普通高等学校招生全国统一考试理科数学一、选择题：本题共12小题，每小题5分，共60分．在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。

1．已知集合{}42M x x =-<<，{}260N x x x =--<，则M N =A ．{}43x x -<<B ．{}42x x -<<-C ．{}22x x -<<D ．{}23x x <<2．设复数z 满足1z i -=，z 在复平面内对应的点为(),x y ，则A ．()2211x y ++=B ．()2211x y -+=C ．()2211x y +-=D ．()2211x y ++=3．已知2log 0.2a =，0.22b =，0.30.2c =，则 A ．a b c <<B ．a c b <<C ．c a b <<D ．b c a <<4．古希腊时期，人们认为最美人体的头顶至肚脐的长度与肚脐至足底的长度之比是51-（510.618-≈，称为黄金分割比例），著名的“断臂维纳斯”便是如此.此外，最美人体的头顶至咽喉的长度与咽喉至肚脐的长度之比也是512-。

若某人满足上述两个黄金分割比例，且腿长为105cm ，头顶至脖子下端的长度为26cm ，则其身高可能是 A ．165cmB ．175cmC ．185cmD ．190cm5．函数()2sin cos x xf x x x+=+在[],ππ-的图象大致为6．我国古代典籍《周易》用“卦”描述万物的变化。

每一“重卦”由从下到上排列的6个爻组成，爻分为阳爻“——”和阴爻“——”，右图就是一重卦，在所有重卦中随机取一重卦，则该重卦恰有3个阳爻的概率是A．516B ．1132C ．2132D ．11167．已知非零向量a ，b 满足2a b =，且()a b b -⊥，则a 与b 的夹角为（）A ．6π B ．3π C ．23π D ．56π 8．右图是求112122++的程序框图，图中空白框中应填入A ．12A A =+B ．12A A=+C ．112A A=+D ．112A A=+9．记n S 为等差数列{}n a 的前n 项和，已知4=0S ，55a =，则A ．25n a n =-B ．310n a n =-C ．228n S n n =-D ．2122n S n n =-10．已知椭圆C 的焦点为()11,0F -，()21,0F ，过2F 的直线与C 交于A ，B 两点，若222AF F B =，1AB BF =，则C 的方程为A ．2212x y += B ．22132x y +=C ．22143x y +=D ．22154x y +=11．关于函数()sin sin f x x x =+有下述四个结论：①()f x 是偶函数②()f x 在区间,2ππ⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭单调递增 ③()f x 在[],ππ-有4个零点④()f x 的最大值为2 A ．①②④B ．②④C ．①④D ．①③12．已知三棱锥P ABC -的四个顶点在球O 的球面上，PA PB PC ==，△ABC 是边长为2的正三角形，E ，F 分别是PA ，PB 的中点，90CEF ∠=︒，则球O 的体积为A ．86πB ．46πC ．26πD 6π二、填空题：本题共4小题，每小题5分，共20分。

2022考研英语一真题+参考答案

2022年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（一）试题Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)The idea that plants have some degree of consciousness first took root in the early 2000s; the term “plant neurobiology” was 1 around the notion that some aspects of plant behavior could be 2 to intelligence in animals. 3 plants lack brains, the firing of electrical signals in their stems and leaves nonetheless triggered responses that 4 consciousness, researchers previously reported.But such an idea is untrue, according to a new opinion article. Plant biology is complex and fascinating, but it 5 so greatly from that of animals that so-called 6 of plants’ intelligence is inconclusive, the authors wrote.Beginning in 2006, some scientists have 7 that plants possess neuron-like cells that interact with hormones and neurotransmitters, 8 “a plant nervous system, 9 to that in animals,” said lead study author Lincoln Taiz, “They 10 claimed that plants have ‘brain-like command centers’ at their root tips.”This 11 makes sense if you simplify the workings of a complex brain, 12 it to an array of electrical pulses; cells in plants also communicate through electrical signals. 13 , the signaling in a plant is only 14 similar to the firing in a complex animal brain, which is more than “a mass of cells that communicate by electricity,” Taiz said.“For consciousness to evolve, a brain with a threshold 15 of complexity and capacity is required,” he 16 . “Since plants don’t have nervous systems, the 17 that they have consciousness are effectively zero.”And what’s so great about consciousness, anyway? Plants can’t run away from 18 , so investing energy in a body system which 19 a threat and can feel pain would be a very 20 evolutionary strategy, according to the article.1.A.coined B.discovered C.collected D.issued2.A.attributed B.directed C. compared D.confined3.A.unless B.when C.once D.though4.A.coped with B.consisted of C.hinted at D.extended5.A.suffers B.benefits C.develops D.differs6.A.acceptance B.evidence C.cultivation D.creation7.A.doubted B.denied C.argued D.requested8.A.adapting B.forming C.repairing D.testing9.A.analogous B.essential C.suitable D.sensitive10.A.just B.ever C.still D.even11.A.restriction B.experiment C.perspective D.demand12.A.attaching B.reducing C.returning D.exposing13.A.However B.Moreover C.Therefore D.Otherwise14.A.temporarily B.literally C.superficially D.imaginarily15.A.list B.level bel D.local16.A.recalled B.agreed C.questioned D.added17.A.chances B.risks C.excuses D.assumptions18.A.danger B.failure C.warning D.control19.A.represents B.includes C.reveals D.recognizes20.A.humble B.poor C.practical D.easySectionⅡReading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1People often complain that plastics are too durable. Water bottles, shopping bags,and other trash litter the planet, from Mount Everest to the Mariana Trench, because plastics are everywhere and don’t break down easily. But some plastic materials change over time. They crack and frizzle. They “weep” out additives. They melt into sludge. All of which creates huge headaches for institutions, such as museums, trying to preserve culturally important objects. The variety of plastic objects at risk is dizzying: early radios, avant-garde sculptures, celluloid animation stills from Disney films, the first artificial heart.Certain artifacts are especially vulnerable because some pioneers in plastic art didn’t always know how to mix ingredients properly, says Thea van Oosten, a polymer chemist who, until retiring a few years ago, worked for decades at the Cultural Heritage Agency of the Netherlands. “It’s like baking a cake: If you don’t have exact amounts, it goes wrong,” she says. “The object you make is already a time bomb.”And sometimes, it’s not the artist’s fault. In the 1960s, the Italian artist Picro Gilardi began to create hundreds of bright, colorful foam pieces. Those pieces included small beds of roses and other items as well as a few dozen “nature carpets” —large rectangles decorated with foam pumpkins, cabbages, and watermelons. He wanted viewers to walk around on the carpets—which meant they had to be durable.Unfortunately, the polyurethane foam he used is inherently unstable. It’s especially vulnerable to light damage, and by the mid-1990s, Gilardi’s pumpkins, roses, and other figures were spitting and crumbling. Museums locked some of them away in the dark.So van Oosten and her colleagues worked to preserve Gilardi’s sculptures. They infused some with stabilizing and consolidating chemicals. Van Oosten calls those chemicals “sunscreens” because their goal was to prevent further light damage and rebuild worn polymer fibers. She is proud that several sculptures have even gone on display again, albeit sometimes beneath protective cases.Despite success stories like van Oosten’s, preservation of plastics will likely get harder. Old objects continue to deteriorate. Worse, biodegradable plastics designed to disintegrate, are increasingly common.And more is at stake here than individual objects. Joana Lia Ferreira, an assistant professor of conservation and restoration at the NOV A School of Science and Technology, notes that archaeologists first defined the great material ages of human history—Stone Age, Iron Age, and so on—after examining artifacts in museums. We now live in an age of plastic, she says, “and what we decide to collect today, what we decide to preserve...will have a strong impact on how in the future we’ll be seen.”21.According to Paragraph 1,museums are faced with difficulties in_____.[A] maintaining their plastic items.[B] obtaining durable plastic artifacts.[C] handling outdated plastic exhibits.[D] classifying their plastic collections.22. Van Oosten believes that certain plastic objects are_____.[A] immune to decay[B] improperly shaped[C] inherently flawed[D] complex in structure23.Museums stopped exhibiting some of Gilardi’s artworks to_____.[A] keep them from hurting visitors[B] duplicate them for future display[C] have their ingredients analyzed[D] prevent them from further damage24. The author thinks that preservation of plastics is_____.[A] costly[B] unworthy[C] unpopular[D] challenging25.In Ferreira’s opinion, preservation of plastic artifacts_____.[A] will inspire future scientific research[B] has profound historical significance[C] will help us separate the material ages[D] has an impact on today's cultural lifeText 2As the latest crop of students pen their undergraduate application form and weigh up their options, it may be worth considering just how the point, purpose and value of a degree has changed and what Generation Z need to consider as they start the third stage of their educational journey.Millennials were told that if you did well in school, got a decent degree, you would be set up for life. But that promise has been found wanting. As degrees became universal, they became devalued. Education was no longer a secure route of social mobility. Today, 28 per cent of graduates in the UK are in non-graduate roles, a percentage which is double the average among OECD countries.This is not to say that there is no point in getting a degree, but rather stress that a degree is not for everyone, that the switch from classroom to lecture hall is not an inevitable one and that other options are available.Thankfully, there are signs that this is already happening, with Generation Z seeking to learn from their millennial predecessors, even if parents and teachers tend to be still set in the degree mindset. Employers have long seen the advantages of hiring school leavers who often prove themselves to be more committed and loyal employees than graduates. Many too are seeing the advantages of scrapping a degree requirement for certain roles.For those for whom a degree is the desired route, consider that this may well be the first of many. In this age of generalists, it pays to have specific knowledge or skills. Postgraduates now earn 40 per cent more than graduates. When more and more of us have a degree, it makes sense to have two.It is unlikely that Generation Z will be done with education at 18 or 21; they will need to be constantly up-skilling throughout their career to stay employable. It has been estimated that this generation, due to the pressures of technology, the wish for personal fulfilment and desire for diversity, will work for 17 different employers over the course of their working life and have five different careers. Education, and not just knowledge gained on campus, will be a core part of Generation Z’s career trajectory.Older generations often talk about their degree in the present and personal tense: “I am a geographer”or “I am a classist.” Their sons or daughters would never say such a thing; it’s as if they already know that their degree won’t define them in the same way.26.The author suggests that Generation Z should_____.[A] be careful in choosing a college[B] be diligent at each educational stage[C] reassess the necessity of college education[D] postpone their undergraduate application27.The percentage of UK graduates in non-graduate roles reflect _____.[A] Millennial’s opinions about work[B] the shrinking value of a degree[C] public discontent with education[D] the desired route of social mobility28.The author considers it a good sign that_____.[A] Generation Z are seeking to earn a decent degree[B] School leavers are willing to be skilled workers[C] Employers are taking a realistic attitude to degrees[D] Parents are changing their minds about education29.It is advised in Paragraph 5 that those with one degree should_____.[A] make an early decision on their career[B] attend on the job training programs[C] team up with high-paid postgraduates[D] further their studies in a specific field30.What can be concluded about Generation Z from the last two paragraphs?[A] Lifelong learning will define them.[B] They will make qualified educators.[C] Depress will no longer appeal them.[D] They will have a limited choice of jobs.Text 3Enlightening, challenging, stimulating, fun.These were some of the words that Nature readers used to describe their experience of art-science collaborations in a series of articles on partnerships between artists and researchers. Nearly 40% of the roughly 350 people who responded to an accompanying poll said, they had collaborated with artists; and almost all said they would consider doing so in future.Such an encouraging results is not surprising. Scientists are increasingly seeking out visual artists to help them communicate their work to new audiences. “Artists help scientists reach a broader audience and make emotional connections that enhance learn ing ” One respondent said.One example of how artists and scientists have together rocked the scenes came last month when the Sydney Symphony Orchestra performed a reworked version of Antonio Viva ldi’s The Four Seasons. They reimagined the 300-year-old score by injecting the latest climate prediction data for each season-provided by Monash University’ s Climate Change Communication Research Hub.The perfo rmance was a creative call to action ahead of November’s United Nations Climate Change Conference in Glasgow, UK.But a genuine partnership must be a two-way street. Fewer artist than scientists responded to the Nature pol1, however, several respondents noted that artists do notsimply assist scientists with their communication requirements. Nor should their work be considered only as an object of study. The alliances are most valuable when scientists and artists have a shared stake in a project, are able to jointly design it and can critique each o ther’s work. Such an approach can both prompt new research as wel as result in powerful art.More than half a century ago, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology opened its Center for Advanced Visual Studies (CAVS) to explore the role of technology in culture. The founders deliberately focused their projects around light-hance the “visual studies” in the name. Light was a something that both artists and scientists had an interest in, and therefore could form the basis of collaboration. As science and technology progressed, and divided into more sub-disciplines, the centre was simultaneously looking to a time when leading researchers could also be artists, writers and poets, and vice versa.Nature’s pol l findings suggest that this trend is as strong as ever, but, to make a collaboration work, both sides need to invest time, and embrace surprise and challenge. The reach of art-science tie-ups needs to go beyond the necessary purpose of research communication, and participants. Artists and scientists alike are immersed in discovery and invention, and challenge and critique are core to both, too.31. According to paragraph 1, art-science collaborations have .[A] caught the attention of critics[B] received favorable responses[C] promoted academic publishing[D] sparked heated public disputes32. The reworked version of The Four Seasons is mentioned to show that .[A] art can offer audiences easy access to science[B] science can help with the expression of emotions[C] public participation in science has a promising future[D] art is effective in facilitating scientific innovations33. Some artists seem to worry about in the art-science partnership .[A] their role may be underestimated[B] their reputation may be impaired[C] their creativity may be inhibited[D] their work may be misguided34. What does the author say about CAVS?[A] It was headed alternately by artists and scientists[B] It exemplified valuable art-science alliances[C] Its projects aimed at advancing visual studies[D] Its founders sought to raise the status of artists35. In the last paragraph, the author holds that art-science collaborations .[A] are likely to go beyond public expectations[B] will intensify interdisciplinary competition[C] should do more than communicating science[D] are becoming more popular than beforeText 4The personal grievance provisions of New Zealand’s Employment Relations Act 2000 (ERA) prevent an employer from firing an employee without good cause. Instead, dismissals must be justified. Employers must both show cause and act in a procedurally fair way.Personal grievance procedures were designed to guard the jobs of ordinary workers from “unjustified dismissals”. The p remise was that the common law of contract lacked sufficient safeguards for workers against arbitrary conduct by management. Long gone are the days when a boss could simply give an employee contractual notice.But these provisions create difficulties for businesses when applied to highly paid managers and executives. As countless boards and business owners will attest, constraining firms from firing poorly performing, high-earning managers is a handbrake on boosting productivity and overall performance. The difference between C-grade and A-grade managers may very well be the difference between business success or failure. Between preserving the jobs of ordinary workers or losing them. Yet mediocrity is no longer enough to justify a dismissal.Consequently –and paradoxically –laws introduced to protect the jobs of ordinary workers may be placing those jobs at risk.If not placing jobs at risk, to the extent employment protection laws constrain business owners from dismissing under-performing managers, those laws act as a constraint on firm productivity and therefore on workers’ wages. Indeed, in “An International Perspective on New Zealand’s Productivity Paradox” (2014), the Productivity Commission singled out the low quality of managerial capabilities as a c ause of the country’s poor productivity growth record.Nor are highly paid managers themselves immune from the harm caused by the ERA’s unjustified dismissal procedures. Because employment protection laws make it costlier to fire an employee, employers are more cautious about hiring new staff. This makes it harder for the marginal manager to gain employment. And firms pay staff less because firms carry the burden of the employment arrangement going wrong.Society also suffers from excessive employment protections. Stringent job dismissal regulations adversely affect productivity growth and hamper both prosperity and overall well-being.Across the Tasman Sea, Australia deals with the unjustified dismissal paradox by excluding employees earning above a specifi ed “high-income threshold” from the protection of its unfair dismissal laws. In New Zealand, a 2016 private members’ Bill tried to permit firms and high-income employees to contract out of the unjustified dismissal regime. However, the mechanisms proposed were unwieldy and the Bill was voted down following the change in government later that year.36.The personal grievance provisions of the ERA are intended to ____.[A] punish dubious corporate practices[B] improve traditional hiring procedures[C] exempt employers from certain duties[D] protect the rights of ordinary workers37.It can be learned from paragraph 3 that the provisions may ____.[A] hinder business development[B] undermine managers’ authority[C] affect the public image of the firms[D] worsen labor-management relations38.Which of the following measures would be the Productivity Commission support?[A]Imposing reasonable wage restraints.[B] Enforcing employment protection laws.[C] Limiting the powers of business owners.[D] Dismissing poorly performing managers.39.What might be an effect of ERA’s unjustified dismissal procedures?[A] Highly paid managers lose their jobs.[B] Employees suffer from salary cuts.[C] Society sees a rise in overall well-being.[D] Employers need to hire new staff.40.It can be inferred that the “high-income threshold” in Australia ____.[A] has secured managers’ earnings[B] has produced undesired results[C] is beneficial to business owners[D] is difficult to put into practicePart B(41) Teri ByrdI was a zoo and wildlife park employee for years. Both the wildlife park and zoo claimed to be operating for the benefit of the animals and for conservation purposes. This claim was false. Neither one of them actually participated in any contributions whose bottom line is much more important than the condition of the animals.Animals despise being captives in zoos. No matter how you “enhance” enclosures, they do not allow for freedom, a natural diet or adequate time for transparency with these institutions, and it’s past time to eliminate zoos from our culture.(42) Karen R. SimeAs a zoology professor, I agree with Emma Marris that zoo displays can be sad and cruel. But she underestimates the educational value of zoos.The zoology program at my university attracts students for whom zoo visits were the crucial formative experience that led them to major in biological sciences. These are mostly students who had no opportunity as children to travel to wilderness areas, wildlife refuges or national parks. Altho ugh good TV shows can help stir children’s interest in conservation, they cannot replace the excitement of a zoo visit as an intense, immersive and interactive experience. Surely there must be some middle ground that balances zoos’ treatment of animals wit h their educational potential.(43) Greg NewberryEmma Marris’s article is an insult and a disservice to the thousands of passionate who work tirelessly to improve the lives of animals and protect our planet. She uses outdated research and decades-old examples to undermine the noble mission of organization committed to connecting children to a world beyond their own.Zoos are at the forefront of conservation and constantly evolving to improve how they care for animals and protect each species in its natural habitat. Are theretragedies? Of course. But they are the exception not the norm that Ms. Marris implies.A distressed animal in a zoo will get as good or better treatment than most of us at our local hospital.(44) Dean GalleaAs a fellow environmentalist animal-protection advocate and longtime vegetarian. I could properly be in the same camp as Emma Marris on the issue of zoos. But I believe that well-run zoos and the heroic animals that suffer their captivity so serve a higher purpose. Were it not for opportunities to observe these beautiful wild creatures close to home many more people would be driven by their fascination to travel to wild areas to seek out disturb and even hunt them down.Zoos are in that sense similar to natural history and archeology museums serving to satisfy our need for contact with these living creatures while leaving the vast majority undisturbed in their natural environments.(45) John FraserEmma Marris selectively describes and misrepresents the findings of our research. Our studies focused on the impact of zoo experiences on how people think about themselves and nature and the data points extracted from our studies.Zoos are tools for thinking. Our research provides strong support for the value of zoos in connecting people with animals and with nature. Zoos provide a critical voice for conservation and environmental protection. They afford an opportunity for people from all backgrounds to encounter a range of animals from drone bees to springbok or salmon to better understand the natural world we live in.A.Zoos which spare no effort to take care of animals should not be subjected to unfair criticism.B.To pressure zoos to spend less on their animals would lead to inhumane outcomes for the precious creatures in their care.C.While animals in captivity deserve sympathy, zoos play a significant role in starting young people down the path of related sciences.D.Zoos save people trips to wilderness areas and thus contribute to wildlife conservation.E.For wild animals that cannot be returned to their natural habitats, zoos offer the best alternative.F.Zoos should have been closed down as they prioritize money making over animals’ wellbeing.G.Marris distorts our findings which actually prove that zoos serve as an indispensable link between man and nature.Directions:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)The Man Who Broke Napoleon’s Codes - Mark Urban Between 1807 and 1814 the Iberian Peninsula (comprising Spain and Portugal) was the scene of a titanic and merciless struggle. It took place on many different planes: between Napoleon’s French army and the angry inhabitants; between the British, ever keen to exacerbate the emperor’s difficulties, and the marshals sent from Paris to try to keep them in check; between new forces of science and meritocracy and old ones of conservatism and birth. (46) It was also, and this is unknown even to many people well read about the period, a battle between those who made codes and those who broke them.I first discovered the Napoleonic cryptographic battle a few years ago when I was reading Sir Charles Oman’s epic History of the Peninsular War. In volume V he had attached an appendix, The Scovell Ciphers. (47) It listed many documents in code that had been captured from the French army of Spain, and whose secrets had beenrevealed by the work of one George Scovell, an officer in British headquarters. Oman rated Scov ell’s significance highly, but at the same time, the general nature of his History meant that (48) he could not analyze carefully what this obscure officer may or may not have contributed to that great struggle between nations or indeed tell us anything much about the man himself. I was keen to read more, but was surprised to find that Oman’s appendix, published in 1914, was the only considered thing that had been written about this secret war.I became convinced that this story was every bit as exciting and significant as that of Enigma and the breaking of German codes in the Second World War. The question was, could it be told?Studying Scovell’s papers at the Public Record Office, London, I found that he had left an extensive journal and copious notes about his work in the Peninsula. What was more, many original French dispatches had been preserved in this collection, which I realized was priceless. (49)There may have been many spies and intelligence officers during the Napoleonic Wars, but it is usually extremely difficult to find the material they actually provided or worked on.As I researched Scovell’s story I found far more of piterest besides of his intelligence work. His status in Lord Wellington’s headquarters and the recognition given to him for his work were all bound up with the class politics of the army at the time. His tale of self-improvement and hard work would make a fascinating biography in its own right, but represents something more than that. (50)Just as the code breaking has its wider relevance in the struggle for Spain, so his attempts to make his way up the promotion ladder speak volumes about British society.Section III WritingPartA51.Directions:Write an e-mail to a professor at a British university,inviting him/her to organize a team for international innovation contest to be held at your university.You should write about 100 words on the ANSWER SHEET.Do not use your own name in the email; use“Li Ming”instead.(10 points)Part B52.Directions:Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the picture below. In your essay, you should1)describe the picture briefly,2)interpret the implied meaning, and3)give your comments.Write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET. (20 points)2022年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（一）试题答案Section I Use of English1.【答案】A.coined2.【答案】pared3.【答案】D.Though4.【答案】C.hinted at5.【答案】D.differs6.【答案】B.evidence7.【答案】C.argued8.【答案】B.forming9.【答案】A.analogous10.【答案】D.even11.【答案】C.perspective12.【答案】D.reducing13.【答案】A.However14.【答案】C.Superficial15.【答案】B.level16.【答案】D.added17.【答案】A.chances18.【答案】A.danger19.【答案】D.recognizes20.【答案】B.poorSection II Reading Comprehension Part AText 121.【答案】【A】maintaining their plastic items22.【答案】【C】inherently flawed23.【答案】【D】prevent them from further damage24.【答案】【D】challenging25.【答案】【B】has profound historical significanceText226.【答案】C reassess the necessity of college education27.【答案】B the shrinking value of a degree28.【答案】C employers are taking a realistic attitude to degrees29.【答案】D further their studies in a specific field30.【答案】A lifelong learning will define themText331.【答案】B received favorable responses32.【答案】A art can offer audiences easy access to science33.【答案】A their role may be underestimated34.【答案】B It exemplified valuable art-science alliances35.【答案】C should do more than communicating scienceText 436.【答案】D protect the rights of ordinary workers37.【答案】A hinder business development38.【答案】D Dismissing poorly performing managers39.【答案】B Employees suffer from salary cuts40.【答案】D is difficult to put into practicePart B41.【答案】Teri Byrd 【F】Zoos should have been closed down as they prioritize money making over animals' well-being.42.【答案】Karen R.Sime 【C】While animals in captivity deserve sympathy，zoos play significant role in starting young people sown the path of related sciences.43.【答案】Gerg Newbery 【A】Zoos，which spare no effort to take care of animals should not be subjected to unfair criticism.。

主体工程施工期末试题(一)参考答案

主体工程施工期末试题（一）参考答案一、选择题（1）单项选择题（下列每小题的备选答案中，只有一个符合题意的正确答案，多选、错选、不选均不得分。

本题共15个小题，每小题1分，共15分）1．悬挑长度为1.5m、混凝土强度为C30的现浇阳台板，当混凝土强度至少应达到 B 时方可拆除底模。

A、15N/mm2C、22.5N/mm2B、21N/mm2D、30N/mm22．某混凝土梁的跨度为6.3m，采用木模板，钢支柱支模时其跨中起拱高度可为A 。

A、1mmB、2mmC、4mmD、12mm3．冷拉后的HPB235钢筋不得用作 D 。

A、梁的箍筋B、预应力钢筋C、构件吊环D、柱的主筋4．某梁纵向受力钢筋为5根直径为20mm的HRB335级钢筋（抗拉强度为300N/mm2）,现在拟用直径为25mm的HPB235级钢筋（抗拉强度为210N/mm2）代换，所需钢筋根数为 C 。

A、3根B、4根C、5根D、6根5．某梁宽度为250mm，纵向受力钢筋为一排4根直径为20mm的HRB335级钢筋，钢筋净间距为 B 。

A、20mmB、30mmC、40mmD、50mm6．落地扣件钢管外脚手架中沿横向连接内、外排立杆的水平杆件为 B 。

A、纵向水平杆B、横向水平杆C、斜向水平杆D、扫地杆7．落地扣件钢管外脚手架中沿纵向连接各立杆的水平杆件为 A 。

A、纵向水平杆B、横向水平杆C、斜向水平杆D、扫地杆8．落地扣件钢管外脚手架中在脚手架外侧面设置的呈十字交叉的斜杆，可增强脚手架的稳定和整体刚度的杆件为 D 。

A、纵向水平杆B、横向水平杆C、斜向水平杆D、剪刀撑9．落地扣件钢管外脚手架中在内、外立杆之间设置并与横向水平杆相交成之字形的斜杆，可增强脚手架的稳定性和刚度的杆件为 D 。

A、纵向水平杆B、横向水平杆C、斜向水平杆D、横向斜撑10．落地扣件钢管外脚手架中在整个排架与地面之间引设的斜撑，与地面倾斜角为45°～60°，可增加脚手架的整体稳定性的杆件为 C 。

《消费者心理与行为分析》试题1及参考答案

《消费者心理与行为分析》试题1及参考答案一、名词解释（本大题共5小题，每小题3分，共15分）1、绝对感觉阈限2、消费者学习3、认知失调4、参照群体5、保健因素二、判断题（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）1、经典型条件反射一般较常发生在介入程度低的购买情形。

（）2、消费者行为研究的方法很多，如实验法、观察法、问卷调查法、个案研究法、跨文化研究发法等等。

（）3、某人在高速公路上开车行驶时，车胎突然爆裂，此时正遇出售轮胎，那么他的购买决策需花大量的时间，属于扩展型购买决策。

（）4、需要与动机是驱使个体采取行为的相同的原因。

（）5、保健因素如果得不到保证就会引起人们的不满，如果得到保障便会起激励作用。

（）6、消费者的满意会促使消费者对同一品牌的重复购买，这就是消费者的品牌忠诚。

（）7、红色易于使人兴备；而蓝色易于使人平静。

（）8、“康帅傅”方便面是利用了消费者的绝对感觉阈限。

（）9、首因效应是输入信息的先后次序不同而产生的一种认知偏差。

（）10、李克特量表是一种消费者动机测量的方法。

（）三、单项选择题（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）1、在广告上运用的词语，如“塞外茅台，宁城老窖”，体现了消费者行为学中的哪个原理？（）A、刺激的泛化B、刺激的辨别C、刺激的强化D、刺激的重复2、马斯洛需求层次论不包括（）A、生理需求B、爱与归属需求C、尊重需求D、自我防御需求3、动机的测定方法不包括（）A、词语联想法B、眼动法C、角色扮演法D、绘图解释法4、当消费者对某类产品或对这类产品的具体品牌不熟悉，也未建立起相应的产品与品牌评价标准，更没有将选择范围限定在少数几个品牌上时，消费者所面临的决策属于以下哪种类型的决策（）A. 扩展型决策B. 例行决策C. 有限决策D. 消费决策5、提出精神分析理论的著名人本主义心理学家是（）A. 马斯洛B. 佛洛依德C. 弗洛姆D. 赫茨伯格6、不同消费者在需求偏好等方面的侧重是不同的，因此其选择产品的方式等各有不同，这体现了消费者行为的（）。

CPA会计(2024)真题训练1(带参考答案)

CPA会计（2024）真题训练1（带参考答案）会计真题试题1一、单项选择题（本题型共13小题，每小题2分，共26分。

每小题只有一个正确答案，请从每小题的备选答案中选出一个你认为正确的答案。

）1、企业在确定预计负债的最佳估计数时，下列各项因素中，不应考虑的是（）。

A、预计可获得的补偿B、货币时间价值C、风险和不确定性D、未来事项正确答案：A答案解析企业在确定最佳估计数时，应当综合考虑与或有事项有关的风险和不确定性、货币时间价值和未来事项等因素，与预期可获得的补偿无关，选项A为正确选项。

【考点】最佳估计数的确定。

2、关于流动负债与非流动负债的划分，下列项目中错误的是（）。

A、企业在资产负债表日没有将负债清偿推迟至资产负债表日后一年以上的实质性权利的，该负债应当归类为流动负债B、企业在资产负债表日或之前违反了长期借款协议，导致贷款人可随时要求清偿的负债，应当归类为流动负债C、企业正常营业周期中的经营性负债项目即使在资产负债表日后超过一年才予以清偿的，仍应划分为流动负债D、对于符合非流动负债划分条件的负债，如果在资产负债表日至财务报告批准报出日之间已提前清偿该负债，该负债应归类为流动负债正确答案：D答案解析对于符合非流动负债划分条件的负债，即使企业有意图或者计划在资产负债表日后一年内（含一年）提前清偿该负债，或者在资产负债表日至财务报告批准报出日之间已提前清偿该负债，该负债仍应归类为非流动负债。

【考点】负债的流动性划分.3、下列各项关于企业金融工具重分类及相关会计处理的表述中，错误的是（）。

A、金融负债之间不得进行重分类B、企业改变其管理金融资产的业务模式时，应当按照规定对所有受影响的相关金融资产进行重分类C、金融资产特定市场暂时性消失从而暂时影响金融资产出售，属于业务模式变更D、企业对金融资产进行重分类，应当自重分类日起采用未来适用法进行相关会计处理，不得对以前已经确认的利得、损失或利息进行追溯调整正确答案：C答案解析以下情形不属于业务模式变更:（1）企业持有特定金融资产的意图改变，企业即使在市场状况发生重大变化的情况下改变对特定资产的持有意图，也不属于业务模式变更；（2）金融资产特定市场暂时性消失从而暂时影响金融资产出售；（3）金融资产在企业具有不同业务模式的各部门之间转移。

《应用写作》试题(一)及参考答案

《应用写作》试题(一）一、填空题（每题1分，共10分）1.相对于小说、诗歌、散文、戏剧等文学作品而言，应用文具有直接的价值。

2．应用写作的基本要素有两个方面。

3．为了解决实际问题，应用文常常使用的表达方式主要有。

4．好文章是改出来的，具体的修改方法可用几个字来概括。

5．公文的种类，按照行文关系、文件去向，可分为。

6．简报的格式总体上可分为几个部分。

7．公文的标题一般由部分组成。

8．公文的是指从文件中抽象出来，能反映公文主要内容的规范化词汇。

9．请示一般只写一个主送机关，需要同时送其他机关的，应当用形式。

10．《经济合同》第39条规定：“是当事人为了重复使用而预先拟定，并在订立合同时未与对方协商的条款。

”二、判断题（每题1分，共10分）（在每小题后面，对的打√，错的打× ）1．会议记录和会议纪要一样，也是公文。

2．向上级机关行文，不可以使用通报。

3．每份公文，都必须经过签发这个程序。

4．向上级部门请求指示或批准只能用请示。

5．当事人订立合同，有书面形式、口头形式和其他形式。

6．写总结不一定要按照完成工作的时间先后顺序来写。

7．调查报告可以用于向上级机关汇报工作，供领导决策参考。

8．在汇报工作、提出建议的工作报告中，可以随带写请示的事项。

9．用电报发出的公文不以负责人签发的日期为准，而是以发出日期为准。

10．联合行文，要标明各机关的发文字号。

三、单项选择题（每题1分，共10分）（在空白处上写选项英文字母即可）1. 应用写作形式方面的基本要素一般由组成。

A 主旨、材料、结构、表达方式B 结构、语言、表达方式、文面C 文面、结构、材料、表达方式2.《国家行政机关公文处理办法》（国发[2000]23号）第二章规定，行政机关的公文种类主要有种。

A 12B 13C 143. 诉讼当事人，不服一审法院的裁定、判决，在规定的期限内向上一级人民法院提出上诉，请求撤销、变更原审判或者请求重新审理的诉讼文书叫。

农村金融学综合测试题一的参考答案

农村金融学综合测试题一的参考答案一、选择题CDAB二、简答题1、简述农村金融与农村经济的关系（一）农村经济决定农村金融1、农村生产力发展水平与农村商品经济的发育程度决定农村金融活动的规模与发展程度。

2、农业与农村经济效益的提高从根本上决定着农村金融效益的提高。

3、农村金融的业务内容与发展速度取决于农村经济发展对资金的需求状况。

（二）农村金融对农村经济的影响农村金融并不是农村经济的消极产物，它反过来又会影响农业生产。

1、农村经济发展对农村金融需求旺盛。

2、农村金融是农村经济运行的中心，通过融通农村货币资金来优化配置农村社会资源。

3、农村金融是农村经济的神经中枢，通过稳定农村货币流通来保证农村商品流通的正常进行。

2、简述农村金融的地位和作用（一）农村金融的地位1、农村金融在农村再生产过程中处于中介地位。

2、农村金融是农村资金的总枢纽。

（二）农村金融的作用农村金融的上述地位决定了它在农村经济中发挥着重要作用：1、筹集和分配农村资金，支持农村经济建设和农业生产发展。

2、调节货币资金，稳定农村经济。

3、管理农村经济，提高农村经济效益。

三、论述题请详述中国农村金融体系存在的问题（一）农村金融发展相对滞后，不能很好地满足支持和服务“三农”的需要1、农业产业化与农村金融服务专业化发展的步调不一致。

2、农产品市场与农村金融市场发展不对称。

3、农村金融需求的多样性与农村金融工具的单一性不相适应。

4、农村社会服务体系与农村金融服务体系不匹配。

（二）农村金融机构资产质量较差，缺乏持续经营能力（三）农村资金流失严重，大量流向城市和非农产业1、农村资金通过金融渠道流出2、农产品统购统销政策是农业剩余净流出的主渠道3、随着今天体系改革的不断深化，国有商业银行结构调整步伐加快，开始从县域经济实施战略性撤退（四）农业风险经济补偿机制不健全（五）农村金融组织产权不清、治理结构不完善（六）农村金融市场缺乏竞争主体和竞争机制（七）管理和监督机制不完善1、农村金融秩序混乱2、行政干预严重3、国家对农村金融的政策支持不够（八）非正规金融缺乏必要的规范和保护（九）农村金融立法滞后1、农业保险立法进程缓慢，农业保险的法律保障体系极其薄弱。

《零售学》试题库及参考答案(一)

《零售学》试题库及参考答案（一）一、判断题（每题2分，共10分）1、零售企业纷纷涉足自有品牌开发，主要是希望将商店信誉延伸到商品品牌上，从而使商品更具竞争力。

答：错2、集中采购方式中采购权限高度集中，因而更容易规范采购行为。

答：对3、拼多多的迅猛发展说明中国大多数消费者仍然比较重视商品价格而不是商品品质。

答：错4、商店使用各种颜色突出产品特质，主要目的是给顾客产生一种错觉而诱导消费。

答：错5、零售商全渠道经营是建立在企业数字化基础之上，必须进行彻底的数字化转型。

答：对二、选择题（单选，每题2分，共10分）1、零售组织结构设计最重要的是满足的需要。

OA.目标市场OB.公司管理OC.员工发展oD.三者同样重要答案：A2、窄而深的商品结构具有的优点是。

OA.经营的商品大多为周转迅速的日常用品OB.目标市场比较广泛,经营面广，但选择性不强OC.目标市场比较广泛，经营面广，选择性强。

口专业商品种类充分，品种齐全，挑选性强答案：D3、零售商每年定期考核供应商，对于的供应商要求整改。

OA.考核优秀OB.考核一般oC.考核基本合格OD.考核不合格答案：C4、零售商希望以一带十达到连带消费的目的，它会采取OoA.成本定价政策OB.高/低价格政策oC.稳定价格政策oD.竞争价格政策答案：B5、商店在打洋的时候，有时会放些快节奏的音乐目的是。

OA.提醒顾客加快购物OB.提升顾客购物情绪oC.使顾客产生一种舒缓的情绪OD刺激顾客购物欲望答案：A三、问答题（每题10分，共30分）1.零售商的竞争优势主要来源于哪些方面？答案要点：零售商的竞争优势主要来源于显性能力和隐性能力两大类。

显性能力是指零售商所拥有的能让消费者感知的能力，消费者被其吸引前来购物而不会去竞争对手的商店,主要有商品力、价格力、服务力、沟通力和渠道力五个方面。

隐性能力是消费者不容易感知的能力，同时也是竞争对手不容易模仿的能力，是在背后支撑显性能力的能力，主要有组织力和生态力两种。

导游服务技能模拟试题(一)及参考答案

导游服务技能模拟试题（一）参考答案一、单项选择题(请选择一个正确答案。

并将正确答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。

共60小题，每小题0．5分。

共30分。

)1．（ D）是旅游团抵达后的一项重要工作，前者面向绝大多数旅游团队和散客旅游者，后者只针对特种旅游团队、重点旅游团队或散客。

A．导游、接站服务 B．接站、导游服务C．商定、核定日程 D．核对、商定日程2．如果旅游团在用餐前3个小时提出换餐要求，地陪应（B ）。

A．予以婉拒，要向客人表示歉意 B．尽量满足旅游者的要求C．事先和旅游者说明餐费自理 D．做好解释工作，说明困难3．旅行团抵达饭店后，由 A负责分发房卡。

A．领队或全陪 B．领队或地陪 C．全陪 D．地陪4．某旅游团将于10月28日下午乘16：OO的航班回美国，从宾馆到机场的路程大约需要60分钟，请问该团最迟何时动身为宜A。

A． 12：00 B．12：40 C．14：00 D．13：305．小包价旅游中的可选择部分不包括 C。

A．导游服务 B．欣赏文艺节目 C．早餐 D．品尝风味6．导游语言的运用四原则是 B 。

A．简洁、正确、清楚、生动 B．正确、清楚、生动、灵活C．恰当、清楚、正确、灵活 D．简洁、恰当、清楚、生动7．虚实结合法里的“实”指的是C。

A．实体、实物、史实、传说 B．实物、史实、成因、轶事C．实体、实物、史实、成因 D．实体、实物、轶事、传说8．新中国成立后，随着发展的需要，于1954年4月15日成立了 C 。

A．中国旅行社 B．中国青年旅行社C．中国国际旅行社 D．华侨服务社9．旅游者购物后发现是残次品、赝品、计价有误或对所购商品不满意，要求导游员帮其退换时，导游员应D。

A．帮客人叫车让他自己去换 B．帮客人联系，请司机陪同前往C．告诉客人离店的物品不能退换D．积极协助，必要时陪同前往10．C是思想性、科学性、知识性、趣味性的结合体。

A．导游礼仪 B．导游技巧 C．导游语言 D．导游态度11．导游员在和领队合作时应注意D。

保险学试题一及参考答案

保险学试题一及参考答案一、单项选择题〔每题1分，共20分〕1、某建筑工程队在施工时偷工减料导致建筑物塌陷，那么造成损失事故发生的风险因素是______。

A.物质风险因素B.心理风险因素C.道德风险因素D.思想风险因素2、现代保险是从______开展而来的。

A.海上保险B.火灾保险C.人寿保险D.责任保险3、某固定资产投保财产保险，保险金额为20万元，出险时财产价值为25万元，财产实际损失8万元，假设采用比例赔偿方式，保险人应赔______元。

A.5.6万B.6.4万C.7.2万D.8万4、负有支付保险费的义务的人是______A.投保人B.被保险人C.保险人D.受益人5、某份家财保险合同的保险期限为2002年9月23日到2003年9月22日，该合同的保险标的在2002年12月5日因保险事故发生而全损，保险人按保险金额全额赔偿后，保险合同就终止了。

该保险合同的终止属于______。

A.期满终止B.履约终止C.协议终止D.解约终止6、属于控制型风险管理技术的有______。

A.减损及防止B.抑制及自留C.转移及分散D.保险及自留7、关于劳合社的表述中正确的选项是______。

A.劳合社是一个保险公司B.劳合社是一个承保人组织D.劳合社只经营水险业务8、当保险合同的当事人对合同条款有争议时，法院或仲裁机关要做出有利于______的解释。

A．保险人B．被保险人C．保险代理人D．保险经纪人9、从保险合同的性质看，责任保险合同具有______。

A.平安性B.投资性C.补偿性D.给付性10、根据保险人的委托，在保险人授权范围内代办保险业务并向保险人收取代理手续费的人，是______。

A.保险代理人B.保险经纪人C.保险公估人D.保险理算人11、保险人在支付了5000元的保险赔款后向有责任的第三方追偿，追偿款为6000元，那么______。

A.6000元全部退还给被保险人B.将1000元退还给被保险人C.6000元全归保险人D.多余的1000元在保险双方之间分摊12、人身保险中，对保险利益的时效规定是______。

2024_年高考物理模拟试题(一)参考答案与提示

2024年高考物理模拟试题(一)参考答案与提示1.A 提示:毛毛虫沿着树枝向上缓慢爬行,树枝对毛毛虫的力为摩擦力与弹力的合力,根据平衡条件可知,树枝对毛毛虫的作用力与其重力大小相等,方向相反,即竖直向上,但树枝对毛毛虫的力没有位移,是毛毛虫的肌肉在做功,属于内力做功,因此树枝对毛毛虫做的功为零,选项A 正确㊂毛毛虫所受重力竖直向下,因此毛毛虫沿着树枝向上爬行一段距离的过程中,重力对毛毛虫做负功,选项B 错误㊂树枝对毛毛虫的弹力与其运动方向垂直,因此树枝对毛毛虫的弹力不做功,选项C 错误㊂毛毛虫受到的树枝对它的摩擦力为静摩擦力,静摩擦力对毛毛虫不做功,选项D 错误㊂2.C 提示:该超声波悬浮仪所发出的超声波信号频率f =v λ=3.4ˑ104H z,选项A 错误㊂根据题图丙可知,P ㊁Q 两波源形成的超声波在-0.5,-1,-1.5,-2,0,0.5,1,1.5处,共有8个振动加强点,相邻两个振动加强点之间有一个振动减弱点,两端加强点与波源之间还有一个振动减弱点,在振动减弱点(共有9个)小水珠悬浮,选项B 错误,C 正确㊂拔出线圈中的铁芯,L 减小,振荡回路的振荡周期T 减小,产生的超声波周期减小,波长减小,P ㊁Q 两波源之间振动减弱点增加,即悬浮仪中的节点个数增加,选项D 错误㊂3.D 提示:根据双缝干涉条纹中心间距公式得Δx 4=Ldλ,解得电子束的德布罗意波长λ=d Δx 4L ,选项A 错误㊂根据p =hλ可得,电子的动量p =4h Ld Δx ,选项B 错误㊂根据p =mv ,解得电子的速度大小v =4h Lm d Δx,选项C 错误㊂根据E k =p 22m可得,电子的动能E k =8h 2L2m d 2(Δx )2,根据光电效应方程得E k =h ν-W 0,又有光子的能量E =h ν,解得E =W 0+8h 2L2m d 2(Δx )2,选项D 正确㊂4.A 提示:忽略地球自转,地球表面附近物体所受重力等于万有引力,则GM mR2=m g ,解得地球的质量M =g R 2G ,选项D 错误㊂遥感三十九号卫星绕地心做匀速圆周运动时,万有引力提供向心力,则GM m (R +h )2=m v2R +h =m a ,解得卫星的线速度大小v =g R 2R +h,向心加速度大小a =g R 2(R +h )2,选项A 正确,B 错误㊂遥感三十九号卫星所受地球的万有引力提供其做匀速圆周运动所需的向心力,则F =G Mm (R +h )2=m gR 2(R +h )2<m g ,选项C 错误㊂5.C 提示:根据受力分析可知,粒子受到的洛伦兹力沿y 轴方向的分力是变化的,故粒子受到的在y 轴方向上的合力是变化的,故加速度是变化的,选项A 错误㊂粒子从O 点运动到P 点,洛伦兹力不做功,根据动能定理得q E h =12m v 2P ,解得v P =2q E h m,选项B 错误㊂粒子经过曲线最高点P 时,洛伦兹力和静电力的合力提供向心力,即q v P B -qE =m v 2P 2h ,解得B =2m Eqh ,选项C 正确㊂因为粒子在空间内做比较复杂的曲线运动,所以无法计算出粒子从O 点运动到P 点所用的时间,选项D 错误㊂6.B D 提示:设任一倾斜轨道与竖直方向间的夹角为α,圆的直径为d ,根据牛顿第二定律得m g c o s α=m a ,解得a =g c o s α,根据运动学公式得d c o s α=12a t 2,解得t =2dg㊂因为t 与α无关,只与圆的直径及重力加速度有关,所以两个小球沿A O ㊁B O 两条轨道下滑至O 点所用的时间相同,根据冲量的定34参考答案与提示高考理化 2024年1月义式I=m g t可知,重力的冲量相等,选项A 错误,B正确㊂因为两个小球到达O点时的速度方向不同,所以它们到达O点时的动量不相同,选项C错误㊂根据动量定理可知,动量的变化率等于小球受到的合外力,则ΔpΔt= m g c o sα,因此沿A O轨道运动的小球的动量变化率较大,选项D正确㊂7.A C提示:根据s-θ图像可知,当θ=π2时,s=1.8m,此时物块做竖直上抛运动,根据运动学公式得v20=2g s,解得v0=6m/s㊂当木板与水平方向间的夹角为θ时,根据动能定理得-m g s s i nθ-μm g s c o sθ=0-12m v20,解得s=v202g(s i nθ+μc o sθ)㊂令μ=33=t a n30ʎ,根据数学知识可知s=v20c o s30ʎ2g s i n(θ+30ʎ),所以当物块沿木板上滑的最大距离取最小值时,木板与水平面间的夹角θ=60ʎ,且最小值s m i n=9310m㊂8.A C提示:因为DңA为等温过程, AңB为等压膨胀过程,气体在状态B下的温度高于在状态A(状态D)下的温度,所以气体在状态B下的内能大于在状态A(状态D)下的内能,选项A正确㊂在BңC过程中,气体的体积增大,气体对外做功,但内能保持不变,因此气体从外界吸热,选项B错误㊂在AңB过程中,气体的体积增大,气体对外做功,即W=p1ΔV=p1(V B-V A)=4ˑ105ˑ(2-1)ˑ10-3J=400J,选项C正确㊂因为BңC㊁DңA为等温过程,所以p1V B= p2V C,p1V A=p2V D,在CңD过程中,气体的体积减小,外界对气体做的功W'=p2(V C -V D)=p1(V B-V A)=400J,选项D错误㊂9.(1)A C D(2)偏大(3)如图1所示㊂图1提示:(2)在实验过程中画出界面a后,不小心将玻璃砖向上平移了一些,导致界面a'画到了题图中虚线位置,而在作光路图时界面a仍为开始作图时的位置,玻璃砖中的实际光线如图2中的O'Q所示,而作图光线图2如图2中O Q所示,导致折射角偏小,测得的折射率偏大㊂(3)因为P1P2连线和P3P4连线在同一与梯形玻璃砖底边平行的直线上,所以光线在梯形玻璃砖中的传播路径对称㊂10.(1)9 12 (2)并 0~12m A (3)如图3所示㊂(4)4kbk-3图3提示:(1)当开关S2闭合时,电路中的电流一定会有所增大,要想测量结果准确,就要尽量减小电流的变化,这就需要使得滑动变阻器接入电路的阻值足够大且电源的电动势适当大一些,因此学生电源应选择9V输出电压㊂(2)将电流表A改装成较大量程的电流表应并联一个小电阻分流,因为定值电阻R0=4Ω,所以改装后电流表的量程I=I g+I g R g R0=12m A㊂(4)根据实验原理得E=I+I R gR0R+R0R gR0+R g+r,整理成与题图相符合的函数关系式1I=4E㊃R+4E㊃r+12E,即k=4E,b=4E㊃r+12E,解得E=4k,r=b k-3㊂11.(1)小球受到水平向左的风力和竖直向下的重力,根据平行四边形定则得F合= (m g)2+F2风=13N,根据牛顿第二定律得F合=m a,解得a=10133m/s2㊂(2)根据小球的受力情况和初状态可知,小球在水平面内做类平抛运动,在竖直方向上做自由落体运动,建立三维坐标系,其中沿墙方向为4 4参考答案与提示高考理化2024年1月x 轴,垂直于墙(虚线)方向为y 轴,竖直方向图4为z 轴,如图4所示㊂当小球在虚线右侧运动的过程中离虚线所在竖直面最远时,有x =(v 0c o s θ)22a x,y =v 0s i n θ㊃t 1,z =12g t 21,又有a x =F 风m ,t 1=v 0c o s θa x,小球的位移l =x 2+y 2+z 2,解得l =3225m ㊂(3)根据类平抛运动的对称性可知,当小球到达虚线正下方时,小球在水平面内的速率为v 0,沿竖直方向的速率v z =g ㊃2t 1,因此小球到达虚线正下方时的速率v =v 20+v 2z =13m /s ㊂12.(1)设金属棒2做匀速运动时的速度为v ,对两金属棒组成的系统应用动量守恒定律得m v 0=2m v ,解得v =v 02㊂设金属棒2从静止开始运动到虚线e f 处的过程中,金属棒2中感应电流的平均值为I ,对金属棒1应用动量定理得B I L Δt =m v -0,又有q =I Δt ,解得q =m v 02B L ㊂(2)最终金属棒1的速度刚好为零,金属棒2将以速度v =v 02做匀速运动,根据能量守恒定律可知,整个回路产生的焦耳热Q =12m v 20-12m v 2=38m v 20,则整个过程中金属棒1中产生的焦耳热Q 1=12Q =316m v 20㊂最终金属棒1的速度刚好为0,对金属棒1应用动能定理得-W 安=0-12m v 20,因此整个过程中金属棒1克服安培力做的功W 安=12m v 20㊂(3)在金属棒1的速度由v 0减小到34v 0的过程中,根据动量守恒定律得m v 0=m3v 04+m v 1,解得v 1=v 04㊂两金属棒切割磁感线产生的感应电动势E =B L3v 04-v 04,回路中的感应电流I =E 2R ,金属棒1所受安培力F =B I L ,根据牛顿第二定律得F =m a ,解得a =B 2L 2v 04m R㊂13.(1)根据欧姆定律得I =εR 1+R 2,U =I R 1,解得U =m g d 2q ㊂两极板间电场强度大小E =Ud ,小球恰好做匀速直线运动,根据平衡条件得q E +q v 0B 0=m g ,解得B 0=mqg d㊂(2)小球恰好做匀速圆周运动,则重力与静电力平衡,即q E '=m g ㊂定值电阻R 1两端的电压U '=E 'd ,根据闭合电路的分压关系得U 'ε=R 1R 1+R 2,解得R 2=3R 1㊂当小球恰好从两板间右侧飞出时,设其圆周运动轨迹的半径为r 1,根据几何知识得r 21=(r 1-d )2+(3d )2,解得r 1=2d ㊂当小球恰好从两板间左侧飞出时,设其圆周运动轨迹的半径为r 2,则r 2=d2㊂根据洛伦兹力提供向心力得q v 0B =m v 2r,因为小球的圆周运动轨迹半径取值范围为r >2d 或r <d 2,所以匀强磁场的磁感应强度大小的取值范围为B >m qg d 或B <m 4q g d㊂(3)根据(1)可知,当R 2=7R 1时,小球所受静电力F =qE =m g 2,方向竖直向上㊂设小球运动到最高点时的速度大小为v ,根据动能定理得F H -m g H =12m v 2-12m v 20,小球向上偏转,设小球沿竖直方向的分速度为v y ,对应的洛伦兹力沿水平方向的分力在Δt 时间内的冲量I =q v y B Δt ,取水平向左为正方向,根据动量定理得q B v y Δt =m Δv ,方程两边求和得q B ðv y Δt =m ðΔv ,注意到ðv y Δt =H ,ðΔv =-v -(-v 0),则q B H =m (v 0-v ),联立以上各式解得v =0,H =d4㊂(责任编辑张巧)54参考答案与提示高考理化 2024年1月。

Windows Xp试题1及参考答案

Windows Xp试题1一、单项选择题1、WindowsXP的整个显示屏幕称为（）。

A、窗口B、工作台C、桌面D、操作台2、在WindowsXP中，要浏览本地计算机上所有资源，可以实现的是（）。

A、回收站B、网上邻居C、任务栏D、资源管理器3、在画图程序中绘制一个圆，需要按住控制键进行绘制，它就是（）。

A、CtrlB、ALTC、ShiftD、空格键4、在WindowsXP窗口的菜单项中，有些菜单项前面有“√”，它表示（）。

A、如果用户选择了此命令，则会弹出下一级菜单B、如果用户选择了此命令，则会弹出一个对话框C、该菜单项当前正在被使用D、该菜单项不能被使用5、如果清空回收站，则回收站的文件或文件夹（）。

A、能够恢复B、不能恢复C、不能恢复，但是磁盘上还存在D、不确定6、对于写字板，下面叙述不正确的是（）。

Ａ、可以输入，编辑文本Ｂ、可以设置文本的字体、字形、字号Ｃ、可以进行段落排版Ｄ、不可以插入对象、如图像等7、要设置屏幕保护程序，需要打开（）。

A、我的电脑B、我的文档C、桌面属性D、网上邻居8、要使文件不让被别的用户改变，必须将文件设置（）属性。

A、存档B、只读C、系统D、共享9、在XP的窗口中，如果想一次选定多个分散的文件或文件夹，正确的操作是（）。

A、按住Ctrl键，用右键逐个选取B、按住Ctrl键，用左键逐个选取C、按住Shift键，用右键逐个选取D、按住Shift键，用左键逐个选取10、在Windows XP中，窗口的最小化是指（）。

A、窗口占屏幕的最小区域B、窗口尽可能小C、窗口缩小为任务栏上的一个图标D、关闭窗口11、电影文件在（）应用软件状态下才能打开。

A、写字板B、画图C、WordD、媒体播放器12、在画图程序中绘制一个正方形，需要按住控制键进行绘制，它就是（）。

A、CtrlB、ALTC、ShiftD、空格键13、Windows XP是属于（）。

A、硬件B、应用软件 C.、操作系统D、文件14、windows xp中、下列叙述正确的是（ C ）A、在不同磁盘驱动器之间用左键拖动对象时，windows xp默认为是移动对象B、在不同磁盘驱动器之间用左键拖动对象时，windows xp默认为是删除对象C、在不同磁盘驱动器之间用左键拖动对象时，windows xp默认为是复制对象D、在不同磁盘驱动器之间用左键拖动对象时，windows xp默认为是清除对象15、以下鼠标指针形状中（）表示系统忙。