【精准解析】河北省张家口市尚义县第一中学2019-2020学年高一下学期期中考试地理试题
河北省2019-2020学年高一下学期期中考试语文试题分类汇编-文言文阅读
河北省2019-2020学年高一下学期期中考试语文试题分类汇编-文言文阅读河北省保定市易县中学2019-2020学年高一下学期期中考试语文试题（一）文言文阅读（19分）阅读下面的文言文，完成下面小题。
甲晋侯、秦伯围郑，以其无礼于晋，且贰于楚也。
晋军函陵，秦军氾南。
佚之狐言于郑伯曰：“国危矣，若使烛之武见秦君，师必退。
”公从之。
辞曰：“臣之壮也，犹不如人；今老矣，无能为也已。
”公曰：“吾不能早用子，今急而求子，是寡人之过也。
然郑亡，子亦有不利焉。
”许之。
夜缒而出，见秦伯，曰：“秦、晋围郑，郑既知亡矣。
若亡郑而有益于君，敢以烦执事。
越国以鄙远，君知其难也。
焉用亡郑以陪邻？邻之厚，君之薄也。
若舍郑以为东道主，行李之往来，共其乏困，君亦无所害。
且君尝为晋君赐矣，许君焦、瑕，朝济而夕设版焉，君之所知也。
夫晋，何厌之有？既东封郑、又欲肆其西封，若不阙秦，将焉取之？阙秦以利晋，唯君图之。
”秦伯说，与郑人盟。
使杞子、逢孙、杨孙戍之，乃还。
子犯请击之。
公曰：“不可。
微夫人之力不及此。
因人之力而敝之，不仁；失其所与，不知；以乱易整，不武。
吾其还也。
”亦去之。
乙褒禅山亦谓之华山，唐浮图慧褒始舍于其址，而卒葬之；以故其后名之曰“褒禅”。
今所谓慧空禅院者，褒之庐冢也。
距其院东五里，所谓华山洞者，以其乃华山之阳名之也。
距洞百余步，有碑仆道，其文漫灭，独其为文犹可识曰“花山”。
今言“华”如“华实”之“华”者，盖音谬也。
其下平旷，有泉侧出，而记游者甚众，所谓前洞也。
由山以上五六里，有穴窈然，入之甚寒，问其深，则其好游者不能穷也，谓之后洞。
余与四人拥火以入，入之愈深，其进愈难，而其见愈奇。
有怠而欲出者，曰：“不出，火且尽。
”遂与之俱出。
盖余所至，比好游者尚不能十一，然视其左右，来而记之者已少。
盖其又深，则其至又加少矣。
方是时，予之力尚足以入，火尚足以明也。
既其出，则或咎其欲出者，而余亦悔其随之而不得极夫游之乐也。
6. 对下面各句中加点词的解释，不正确的一项是（）A. 若．舍郑以为东道主（若：假如）今所谓慧空禅院者，褒之庐冢．也（冢：坟墓）B. 焉用亡郑以陪．邻（陪：增加）不出，火且．尽（且：将要）C. 共．其乏困（共：通“供”，供给）而卒．葬之（卒：死）D. 且君尝为晋君赐．矣（赐：赐予）盖音谬．也（谬：错误）7. 下面对各句句式特点解说，不正确的一项是（）A. 唐浮图慧褒始舍于其址。
2019-2020学年河北省张家口市尚义县第一中学高一下学期期中考试地理试题(解析版)
河北省张家口市尚义县第一中学2019-2020学年高一下学期期中考试本试卷分第I卷(选择题)和第II卷(非选择题)两部分，全卷满分100分，考试时间80分钟。
注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必用0.5mm黑色签字笔在答题卡相应栏内填写自己的班级、姓名、考场、准考证号，并用2B铅笔将考试科目、准考证号涂写在答题卡上。
2．II卷内容须用0.5mm黑色签字笔写在答题卡相应空格或区域内。
3．考试结束，将答题卡交回。
第I卷（选择题，共80分）一、单选题（本大题共40小题，共80.0分）读表，完成下题。
1. 2010年中国人口增长的主要特点是（）A. 高出生率、高死亡率、低自然增长率B. 低出生率、低死亡率、低自然增长率C. 低出生率、高死亡率、低自然增长率D. 高出生率、低死亡率、高自然增长率2. 1982年以来，影响中国农村人口大量迁入城市的主要因素是（）A. 经济因素B. 社会文化因素C. 政治因素D. 自然环境因素3. “全面二胎”政策的实施对我国可能产生的影响是（）A. 解决人口老龄化问题B. 家庭负担持续加重C. 出生人口性别比上升D. 有利于扩大内需『答案』1. B 2. A 3. D『解析』【1题详解】2010年我国自然增长率低于1%，为现代型，主要特点是低出生率、低死亡率、低自然增长率，B正确。
【2题详解】1982年以来，中国进行改革开放，城乡差距增大，中国农村人口大量迁入城市主要是为了增加收入，提高生活水平。
A正确。
【3题详解】“全面二胎”政策实施，缓解了人口老龄化问题而不是解决，A错误。
“全面二胎”政策实施，家庭负担可能会加重，但不一定持续加重，B错误。
“全面二胎”政策实施不会促使出生人口性别比上升，C错误。
“全面二胎”政策实施后，会导致人口增加，有利于扩大内需，D正确．空巢家庭是指老人独居的一种现象，目前我国城乡家庭空巢率超过5成。
2016年1月我国全面放开一对夫妇可生育两个孩子政策，积极开展应对人口老龄化行动。
河北省张家口市尚义县第一中学2019-2020学年高一数学下学期期中试题【含答案】
因为 0
A
π
， sin
A
0
sin ，所以
B
1 2
，因为 △ABC
是锐角三角形，所
B 以 6．
B （2）由（1）知 6 ，
b a2 c2 2ac cos B 27 25 2 3 3 5 3 7
所以由余弦定理可得
2
．
3 247 20．【答案】（1） a 8 ，△ABC 为等腰三角形；（2） 4 ．
m _________．
三.解答题：本大题共 6 小题，共 70 分。解答应写出文字说明，证明过程或演算步骤。
17．已知 a 1，3 ， b 3，1 ．
（1）求 a 和 b 的夹角；
（2）若 a a b，求 λ 的值．
18．已知 a x，1， b 4， 2．
（1）若 a b ，求 x 的值，
1 2
bc sin
A
3
247 4．
21．【答案】（1） an
n
；（2） Tn
2n (n 1) 1
．
【解析】（1）设数列{an} 的公差为 d，
由 a1
1
，
S4
2a5
，可得
4
6d
2(1
4d ) ，解得
d
1，
所以 an a1 (n 1)d n ．
22．【答案】（1） an
3n 1 bn
，
(
1 2
河北省张家口市尚义县第一中学 2019-2020 学年高一数学下学期期中试题
本试卷分第 I 卷(选择题)和第 II 卷(非选择题)两部分，全卷满分 150 分，考试时间 120 分钟。 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必用 0.5mm 黑色签字笔在答题卡相应栏内填写自己的班级、姓名、考场、 准考证号，并用 2B 铅笔将考试科目、准考证号涂写在答题卡上。 2．II 卷内容须用 0.5mm 黑色签字笔写在答题卡相应空格或区域内。 3．考试结束，将答题卡交回。
【物理】河北省张家口市尚义县第一中学2019-2020学年高一下学期4月试题 (解析版)
河北省张家口市尚义县第一中学2019-2020学年高一下学期4月试题一、选择题（共12小题，每小题4分，17题只有一个选项正确，812多项选择题，共48分）1.如图所示，从A、B、C三个不同的位置向右分别以v A、v B、v C的水平初速度抛出三个小球A、B、C，其中A、B在同一竖直线上，B、C在同一水平线上，三个小球均同时落在地面上的D点，不计空气阻力．则必须（）A. 先同时抛出A、B两球，且v A＜v B＜v CB. 后同时抛出B、C两球，且v A＜v B＜v CC. 后同时抛出A、B两球，且v A＞v B＞v CD. 先同时抛出B、C两球，且v A＞v B＞v C【答案】D【解析】【详解】B、C的高度相同，大于A的高度，根据：2htg，知B、C的时间相等，大于A的时间，可知B、C两球同时抛出，A后抛出；A、B的水平位移相等，则A的初速度大于B的初速度，B的水平位移大于C的水平位移，则B的初速度大于C的初速度，即v A＞v B ＞v C，故D正确.2.物体在做匀速圆周运动的过程中，保持不变的物理量为（）A. 线速度B. 角速度C. 向心力D. 向心加速度【答案】B【解析】【详解】A．物体做匀速圆周运动，线速度大小不变，方向一直改变，A错误；B．物体做匀速圆周运动，相同时间内转过的角度相同，角速度恒定，B正确；CD ．物体所受合外力完全提供向心力，即提供向心加速度，物体合外力始终与线速度垂直，所以向心力和向心加速度大小不变，方向一直改变，CD 错误。
3.如图所示，两个质量相同的小球a 、b 用长度不等的细线拴在天花板上的同一点，并在空中同一水平面内做匀速圆周运动，则a 、b 两小球具有相同的（ ）A. 角速度的大小 B. 线速度的大小 C. 向心力的大小D. 向心加速度的大小【答案】A 【解析】【详解】设摆线长L ，与竖直方向夹角为θ，则对小球受力分析可知，mgtanθ=mω2Lsinθ，则==cos g gL hωθ，则两球的角速度相等，选项A 正确；根据v=ωLsinθ可知，线速度不等，选项B 错误；向心力F= mgtanθ，则向心力不相等，选项C 错误；向心加速度a=F/m=gtanθ，则向心加速度大小不相等，选项D 错误；故选A.4.如图所示，质量一定的汽车驶过圆弧形桥面顶点时未脱离桥面，关于汽车所处的运动状态以及对桥面的压力，以下说法正确的是（ ）A. 汽车处于超重状态，它对桥面的压力大于汽车的重力B. 汽车处于超重状态，它对桥面的压力小于汽车的重力C. 汽车处于失重状态，它对桥面的压力大于汽车的重力D. 汽车处于失重状态，它对桥面的压力小于汽车的重力 【答案】D 【解析】【详解】汽车在桥面顶点，在竖直方向根据牛顿第二定律2v mgN m R-=，可知N mg <，所以汽车处于失重状态，结合牛顿第三定律可知汽车对桥面的压力小于汽车的重力，ABC 错误，D 正确。
2019-2020学年尚义县第一中学高三英语下学期期中试卷及答案
2019-2020学年尚义县第一中学高三英语下学期期中试卷及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AThe Fall 2020 Cookbooks Worth Your Time (and Money)Be My GuestFrom Priya Basil, this book is a self-reflection on how food and the act of serving it are used to express love and support. Basil reflects on some of her earliest memories of food and how it affected her upbringing and relationship with her parents. Now a parent herself, she centers food in her book's exploration of that change of identity.EastFrom Guardian columnist Meera Sodha comes a cookbook centered on vegetables. The book features recipes that cover a variety of Asian cuisines. Sodha showcases the diversity of vegetarian cooking with dishes like eggplant larb mushroom bao, Singapore noodles and so much more.I Cook in ColorA follow-up from her first cookbook My Two Souths, Asha Gomez focuses on the rainbow of vegetables to create desserts and cross-cultural dishes that associate cooking traditions of her mother's Keralite kitchen and Gomez's travel experiences.Time to EatIf you're a fan of The Great British Baking Show and Nadiya Hussain's Netflix series, you'll be just as excited for the American release of this book of time-saving tips for home cooks on a budget. It's a book to go to for inspiration that doesn't involve countless hours of sweating over a hot stove.1.What can we learn about the author ofBe My Guest?A.She had a bad relationship with her parents.B.She began to cook food in her early childhood.C.She considers food a means of expressing affection.D.She explores in the book how to be a grandparent.2.What do theEastandI Cook in Colorhave in common?A.They offer recipes about Asian cuisines.B.They center on cooking vegetables.C.They are the author's first cookbooks.D.They are based on the author's travel experiences.3.Which book can you refer toif you just have limited time for cooking?A.Be My Guest.B.East.C.I Cook in Color.D.Time to Eat.BJennifer Mauer has needed more willpower than the typical college student to pursue her goal of earning a nursing degree. That willpower bore fruit when Jennifer graduated from University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire and became the first in her large family to earn a bachelor's(学士) degree.Jennifer grew up on a farm in a family of 10 children. Her dad worked at a job away from the farm, and her mother ran the farm with the kids. After high school, Jennifer attended a local technical college, working to pay her tuition(学费), because there was no extra money set aside for a college education. After graduation, she worked to help her sisters and brothers pay for their schooling.Jennifer now is married and has three children of her own. She decided to go back to college to advance her career and to be able to better support her family while doing something she loves: nursing. She chose the UW-Eau Claire program at Ministry Saint Joseph's Hospital in Marshfield because she was able to pursue her four-year degree close to home. She could drive to class and be home in the evening to help with her kids. Jennifer received great support from her family as she worked to earn her degree: Her husband worked two jobs to cover the bills, and her 68-year-old mother helped take care of the children at times.Through it all, she remained in good academic standing and graduated with honors. Jennifer sacrificed(牺牲) a lot to achieve her goal, giving up many nights with her kids and missing important events to study. “Some nights my heart was breaking to have to pick between my kids and studying for exams or papers,” she says. However, her children have learned animportant lesson, witnessing their mother earn her degree. Jennifer is a first-generation graduate and an inspiration to her family—and that's pretty powerful.4. What did Jennifer do after high school?A. She helped her dad with his work.B. She ran the family farm on her own.C. She taught her sisters and brothers.D. She supported herself through college.5. Why did she choose the program at Ministry Saint Joseph's Hospital?A. To learn from the best nurses.B. To take care of her kids easily at night.C. To save money for her parents.D. To find a well-paid job there.6. What did Jennifer sacrifice to achieve her goal?A. Her health.B. Her chance of promotion.C Her reputation. D. Her time with family.7. What can we learn from Jennifer's story?A. Hard work pays off.B. Love breaks down barriers.C. Time is money.D. Education is the key to success.CTeenagers from low-income families in particular are more likely than their middle-class peers（同龄人）to do less well in schoolwork and to drop out of school. Studies have shown, however, that a positive attitude towards schoolwork and the support and encouragement from their parents can help at-risk youngsters to overcome the economic barriersand lack of resources they face. Most of the evidence about the effects of parental involvement （参与）comes from research on mothers. Little is known, however, about how teenagers experience their fathers’ warmth and the beliefs and behavior that are most affected by it.This new study is part of a large one focusing on low-income families conducted in four middle schools in the southwestern United States. Researchers asked 183 sixth-graders about how optimistic and motivated they were about their school work, and how they experienced their fathers' warmth. The students' maths and language arts grades were also gained. The research team took into account the influence that mothers have on their children’s well-being in their analyses.Their findings show how fathers can support their teenagers in ways that result in greater optimism and higher achievement at school. “Low-income fathers affect their teenagers’ beliefs about themselves and their future, and these beliefs influence their achievement by increasing their determination to complete school tasks, “says Dr, Marie-Anne.These positive effects extend to both sons and daughters, although in different ways. Experiencing their fathers’ warmth first influences daughters’sense of optimism, and thenspills overinto their feeling more determined and certain about their academic abilities. This in turn leads to better maths grades. There is a more direct link between their fathers, love and boys' belief in their ability to succeed in academy.8. What is more likely to happen to teenagers from low-income families?A. They will be more determined to struggle.B. They will have fewer happy things to share.C. They will fail in their studies and quit school.D. They will receive less love from their parents.9. How is the new research different from the previous ones?A. It only researches families in the north of America.B. It only studies low-education families in the world.C. It combines questionnaire data and students, grades.D. It mainly focuses on the effects of fathers' involvement.10. What can we know about fathers' warmth?A. It is less effective than that of mothers.B. It affects girls and boys in different ways.C. It mainly applies to girls rather than boys.D. It has a more direct effect on girls thanon boys.11. Which of the following best explains "spills over" underlined in the last paragraph?A. Spreads.B. Changes.C. Bursts.D. Checks.DOnline education has grown fast over the past ten years. The explosion of technology has made teaching outside the traditional classroom possible for teachers and has provided learners with easy access to course materials. Its attractiveness, benefits, and challenges are addressed.In April, 2005, I was approached by a student who was interested in our doctoral program. However, the first question out of her mouth was, “Do you offer any online courses?” Later that day, as I was reading the conference program guide trying for interesting presentations, I noticed many workshops on web-based learning and online education. I later attended two of those workshops and met several professors from different universities who had either taught online courses for quite some time or who were discovering the best practice for teaching online. These experiences helped me realize at least to some extent the degree of growth in online education.My responsibilities for the term included gaining more understanding of online education. Consequently, I made several attempts to enrich my knowledge of distance learning and online teaching. I consulted with my colleagues who were teaching online courses. This helped me recognize the importance of getting materials prepared even before the start of a term. I also learned that online courses may consume more time than regularclassroom teaching. And I attended several workshops regarding online education and established a network with those who were involved in online programs at other universities. I will consider these people as my consultants as I begin to design my own online course. Also, I conducted a brief survey with 15 students and two faculty members who had taken or taught an online course before to understand their experience. Eventually I completed a literature review which gave me the foundation and the background of understanding the need for online education.12. What benefits the development of online education?A. Teachers’ good teaching ability.B. Lack of traditional classrooms.C. Learners’ access to free courses.D. The rapid advance of technology.13. Why did the author take a student for example?A. To show students’ love for the doctoral program.B. To persuade learners of traditional education.C. To explain the growing trend of online education.D. To predict the future of the teaching career.14. What caused the author to know more about online education?A. The appetite for knowledge.B. The professional responsibilities.C. The requirement of research.D. The colleagues’ encouragement.15. What is the author’s attitude to online education?A. Carefree.B. Doubtful.C. Supportive.D. Unwilling.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
河北省张家口市尚义县第一中学2019-2020学年高一下学期期中数学试题(wd无答案)
河北省张家口市尚义县第一中学2019-2020学年高一下学期期中数学试题一、单选题(★★) 1. 平面向量与的夹角为，，，则等于 ( ) A．B．C．D．(★) 2. 已知平面向量，满足，，且，则与的夹角为（）A．B．C．D．(★★) 3. 设向量，若，则实数的值为（）A．0B．4C．5D．6(★) 4. 如图所示，已知，，，，则下列等式中成立的是（）A．B．C．D．(★★★) 5. 在中，内角、、所对的边分别是、、，若，，则( )A．B．C．D．(★★★) 6. 在中，角，，的对边分别为若，，，则（）A．B．C．D．(★★) 7. 在中，分别为的对边，，这个三角形的面积为，则（）A．B．C．D．(★)8. 在中，角，，的对边分别为，，，已知，那么这个三角形最大角的度数是（）A．B．C．D．(★★) 9. 在等比数列中，若，，则数列的前项和等于A．B．C．D．(★★) 10. 等差数列的前项和为，已知，，则（）A．8B．12C．16D．24(★★★) 11. 若记等比数列｛a n｝的前n项和为S n，若, ,则（）A．10或8B．C．或8D．或(★★★) 12. 等差数列和的前项和分别为与，对一切自然数，都有，则（）A．B．C．D．二、填空题(★★) 13. 若向量, ，且，则实数的值是 _____ ．(★★) 14. 已知在中，，则_______．(★★★) 15. 已知数列的前项之和，则数列的通项公式 __________ ．(★★) 16. 设等差数列的前项和为．若，，则正整数________________ ．三、解答题(★★) 17. 已知，.（1）求和的夹角；（2）若，求的值.(★★★) 18. 已知，．（1）若，求 x的值；（2）当时，求；（3）若与所成的角为钝角，求 x的范围(★★) 19. 设锐角三角形 ABC的内角 A、 B、 C的对边分别为 a、 b、 c，.（1）求 B的大小．（2）若，，求 b.(★★) 20. 在中，角，，的对边分别为，，，已知，，.（1）求的值，并判定的形状；（2）求的面积.(★★★) 21. 已知等差数列的前 n项和为，且，．（1）求数列的通项公式；（2）设，求数列的前项和．(★★★) 22. 已知数列的前项和为，点在抛物线上，各项都为正数的等比数列满足．（Ⅰ）求数列，的通项公式；（Ⅱ）记,求数列的前n项和．。
河北省张家口市尚义县第一中学2019-2020学年高一下学期期中考试数学试题 Word版含解析
数学本试卷分第I 卷（选择题）和第II 卷（非选择题）两部分，全卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟.注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必用0.5mm 黑色签字笔在答题卡相应栏内填写自己的班级、姓名、考场、准考证号，并用2B 铅笔将考试科目、准考证号涂写在答题卡上.2.II 卷内容须用0.5mm 黑色签字笔写在答题卡相应空格或区域内.3.考试结束，将答题卡交回.第I 卷（选择题，共60分）一、选择题：本大题共12小题，每小题5分，在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的.1.平面向量a →与b →的夹角为45，()1,1a =，2b =，则3a b +等于 ( )A.13+ B. C. D.【答案】D 【解析】 【分析】通过题意可求得a b ⋅,从而233a b a b +=+,即可得到答案.【详解】由于()1,1a =,所以2a =,因此cos 2a b a b θ⋅==,因此222339634a b a b a ab b +=+=++=,故选D.【点睛】本题主要考查向量的数量积运算，模的相关运算，难度不大.2.已知平面向量a ，b 满足1a =，2b a -=，且2a b ⋅=，则a 与()b a -的夹角为（ ） A.3πB.4π C.6π D.23π 【答案】A 【解析】 【分析】利用向量夹角公式cos ,a b a b a b⋅<>=求解【详解】()cos ,a b a a b a a b a⋅--=-=a b a a a b a⋅-⋅-=22112-⨯=12，所以a 与()b a -的夹角为3π，故选A ． 【点睛】本题考查了向量夹角公式，利用公式直接求解．3.设向量()()()2,3,,5,1,1a a b x c =+==--，若//b c →→，则实数x 的值为（ ）A. 0B. 4C. 5D. 6【答案】B 【解析】 【分析】根据已知条件求出b 的坐标点，然后再根据//b c 得到2b c =-，代入即可求得结果【详解】()()235a a b x =+=，，，()22b x ∴=-，()11c =--，，//b c 2b c ∴=-即22x -=，4x = 故选:B【点睛】本题主要考查了平面向量的数量积的运算及平面向量的点坐标，属于基础题 4.如图所示，已知3AC BC =，OA a =，OB b =，OC c =，则下列等式中成立的是（ ）A. 3122c b a =- B. 2c b a =-C. 2c a b =-D.3122c a b =- 【答案】A 【解析】 因为3AC BC=，OA a=，OB b=，所以333131+++()222222OC OA AC OA AB OA OB OA OB OA b a ===-=-=-，故选A ．5.在ABC 中，内角A 、B 、C 所对的边分别是a 、b 、c ，若2b ac =，30A =︒，则sin =b Bc( ) A.12B.2C.2D.34【答案】A 【解析】∵b 2=ac ，又30A =︒，由正弦定理化简得：sin 2B=sinAsinC=12sinC ， ∴2sin B 1=sin C 2，则2bsin B sin B 1==c sin C 2． 故选A6.在ABC ∆中，角A ，B ，C 的对边分别为,,,a b c若3A π=，a =1b =，则c =（ ）A.1 B. 2C.1D. 3【答案】B 【解析】 【分析】根据条件由正弦定理得出角B ,再算出角C ，即可得出边c 的值. 【详解】由正弦定理有；sin sin a bAB= . 有1sinsin 1sin 2b AB aπ⨯===又1a b =>=,所以=3A B π>,所以6B π=,则2C π=.所以ABC 为直角三角形，则2c =. 故选：B.【点睛】本题考查正弦定理,在解三角形的相关问题中是正弦定理和余弦定理的综合应用,属于中档题.7.在ABC ∆中，,,a b c 分别为,,A B C 的对边，60,1A b ==，，则a =（ ）A. 2B.C. D. 【答案】D 【解析】 依题意11sin 1sin 60322S bc A c ==⋅⋅=，解得4c =，由余弦定理得13a ==.【点睛】本题主要考查三角形的面积公式，考查余弦定理的运用.题目所给已知条件包括一个角和一条边，还给了三角形的面积，由此建立方程可求出AB 边的长，再用余弦定理即可求得BC 边的长.利用正弦定理或者余弦定理解题时，主要根据题目所给的条件选择恰当的公式解列方程.8.在ABC 中，角A ，B ，C 的对边分别为a ，b ，c ，已知sin :sin :sin 3:5:7A B C =，那么这个三角形最大角的度数是（ ） A. 135︒ B. 90︒C. 120︒D. 150︒【答案】C 【解析】 【分析】利用边角互化思想得::3:5:7a b c =，利用大边对大角定理得出角C 是该三角形的最大内角，然后利用余弦定理求出cos C 的值，可得出角C 的值.【详解】sin :sin :sin 3:5:7A B C =，::3:5:7a b c ∴=，设()30a k k =>，则5b k =，7c k =.由大边对大角定理可知，角C 是最大角，由余弦定理得2221cos 22a b c C ab +-==-，0180C <<，因此，120C =，故选C.【点睛】本题考查边角互化思想的应用，考查利用余弦定理解三角形，解题时要熟悉余弦定理所适用的基本类型，并根据已知元素的类型合理选择正弦、余弦定理来解三角形. 9.在等比数列{}n a 中，若12a =，416a =，则数列{}n a 的前5项和5S 等于 A. 30 B. 31 C. 62 D. 64【答案】C 【解析】 【分析】先求出等比数列的公比q=2,再求数列{}n a 的前5项和5S .【详解】设等比数列{}n a 的公比为q ，由题意可得3418a q a ==，即2q ，所以552(12)6212S ⨯-==-，故选C ．【点睛】(1)本题主要考查等比数列的基本量的计算和等比数列的前n 项和，意在考查学生对这些知识的掌握水平和分析推理能力.(2) 等比数列的前n 项和公式：111111(1)1111n n n n na q na q S S a a q a q q q q q ==⎧⎧⎪⎪==--⎨⎨≠≠⎪⎪--⎩⎩或.10.等差数列{}n a 的前n 项和为n S ，已知58a =，36S =，则9a =（ ） A. 8 B. 12C. 16D. 24【答案】C 【解析】【详解】设等差数列{}n a 的首项为a 1，公差为d ， 由58a =，36S =，得： a 1+4d =8,3a 1+3d =6,解得：a 1=0,d =2.∴9a =a 1+8d =8×2=16. 故答案为16.11.若记等比数列｛a n ｝的前n 项和为S n ，若12a =,36S =,则4S =（ ） A. 10或8B. 10-C. 10-或8D. 10-或8-【答案】C 【解析】【详解】设等比数列的公比为q ，由于132,6a S ==，，232226S q q =++= ，则220q q +-= ，2q =- 或1q =，3343162(2)10S S a q =+=+⨯-=-或4148S a ==，选C.12.等差数列{}n a 和{}n b 的前n 项和分别为n S 与n T ，对一切自然数n ，都有231n n S nT n =+，则55a b = （ ） A.23B.914C.2031D.1117【答案】B 【解析】1955199195519992299223911492a a a a a a Sb b b b b b T +⨯+⨯======++⨯+⨯ ,选B. 点睛：在解决等差、等比数列的运算问题时，有两个处理思路,一是利用基本量,将多元问题简化为一元问题,虽有一定量的运算,但思路简洁,目标明确;二是利用等差、等比数列的性质,性质是两种数列基本规律的深刻体现，是解决等差、等比数列问题既快捷又方便的工具，应有意识地去应用.但在应用性质时要注意性质的前提条件，有时需要进行适当变形. 在解决等差、等比数列的运算问题时，经常采用“巧用性质、整体考虑、减少运算量”的方法.第Ⅱ卷（非选择题，共90分）二、填空题：本大题共4小题，每小题5分，共20分.13.若向量(1,4)AC =,(,1)BC a =，且AC AB ⊥，则实数a 的值是_____． 【答案】13 【解析】 【分析】求出AC ,AB 的坐标，利用AC ⊥AB 列方程求a ．【详解】因为(1,4)AC =，(,1)BC a =，AB AC CB =+=(1,3)a -，又AC ⊥AB ，所以1(1)430a ⨯-+⨯=，解得：13a =【点睛】本题考查了向量的坐标运算及向量垂直的坐标关系， 11(,)a x y ，22(,)b x y ，则a b⊥⇔12120x x y y +=，利用结论列解方程求解．14.已知在ABC ∆中，15,1060BC AC A ===︒，，则cos B =_______．【解析】 【分析】由正弦定理求出sin B ，然后利用公式22sin cos 1B B +=，即可求得cos B 【详解】由于15,1060BC AC A ===︒，，所以由正弦定理可得：sin sin BC AC A B =，即：01510sin 60sin B =，解得：sin B =， 由于在ABC ∆中，,60BC AC A >=︒，根据大边对大角可知：00A B >>，则cos 0B >,由22sin cos 1B B +=，解得：cos =B ，故答案为3【点睛】本题考查正弦定理在三角形中的应用，属于基础题．15.已知数列{}n a 的前n 项之和21nn S =-，则数列{}n a 的通项公式n a =__________．【答案】12n - 【解析】分析：根据和项与通项得关系求结果.详解：因为当1n =时，11=1a S =，当2n ≥时，111=222n n n n n n a S S ----=-=，因为112=1-，所以12n na .点睛：给出n S 与n a 的递推关系求n a ，常用思路是：一是利用1,2n n n a S S n -=-≥转化为n a 的递推关系，再求其通项公式；二是转化为n S 的递推关系，先求出n S 与n 之间的关系，再求n a . 应用关系式11,1,2n n n S n a S S n -=⎧=⎨-≥⎩时，一定要注意分1,2n n =≥两种情况，在求出结果后，看看这两种情况能否整合在一起.16.设等差数列{}n a 的前n 项和为n S ．若10m a =，21110m S -=，则正整数m =________________．【答案】6 【解析】 【分析】利用()2121m m S m a -=-计算m 的值． 【详解】因为{}n a 是等差数列，所以12121(21)(21)10(21)1102m m m a a S m m a m --+=⨯-=-=-=，解得6m =． 【点睛】一般地，如果{}n a 为等差数列，n S 为其前n 项和，则有性质：（1）若,,,*,m n p q N m n p q ∈+=+，则m n p q a a a a +=+；（2）()1,1,2,,2k n k n n a a S k n +-+== 且()2121n n S n a -=- ；（3）2n S An Bn =+且n S n ⎧⎫⎨⎬⎩⎭为等差数列； （4）232,,,n n n n n S S S S S -- 为等差数列.三.解答题：本大题共6小题，共70分.解答应写出文字说明，证明过程或演算步骤.17.已知(1,3)a =，(3,1)b =--. （1）求a 和b 的夹角； （2）若()a a b λ⊥+，求λ的值.【答案】(1)56π；(2)23【解析】分析：（1）根据向量数量积的运算，求得向量的模长，进而求得夹角． （2）根据向量垂直关系，得到坐标间的等量关系，进而求得λ的值． 详解：（1）∵()1,3a =，()3,1b =--， ∴132a =+=，312b =+=，()()133123a b ⋅=⋅-+⋅-=-，故233cos 222a b a bθ⋅-===-⨯，又()0,θπ∈， 故56πθ=. （2）由()a ab λ⊥+得()0a a b λ⋅+=，即2||0a a b λ+⋅=， 又2||4,23a a b =⋅=-，故2||233a ab λ=-=⋅. 点睛：本题考查了向量的坐标运算，向量垂直的坐标关系，属于基础题．18.已知()1a x ，=，()42b =-，． （1）若a b ，求x 的值； （2）当a b ⊥时，求2a b -；（3）若a 与b 所成的角为钝角，求x 的范围【答案】（1）2-；（2）5；（3）1|22x x x ⎧⎫<≠-⎨⎬⎩⎭且. 【解析】 【分析】（1）利用向量平行，对应坐标成比例，计算x ，即可得出答案．（2）利用向量垂直，数量积为0，建立等式，计算x ，即可得出答案．（3）当所成角为钝角，则0a b ⋅<，代入坐标，即可得出答案．【详解】解：（1）∵已知()1a x ，=，()42b =-，，若a b ，则4x =12-，求得x =-2． （2）当a b ⊥时，a •b =4x -2=0，x =12，2a b -=．（3）若a 与b 所成的角为钝角，则a b ⋅＜0且a ，b 不共线，∴4x -2＜0，4x ≠12-，求得x ＜12，且x ≠-2， 故x 的范围为{x |x ＜12且x ≠-2 }． 【点睛】本道题目考查了向量平行，向量垂直，向量数量积与0的关系，向量平行说明对应坐标成比例，向量垂直说明向量数量积为0，即可得出答案．19.设锐角三角形ABC的内角A 、B 、C 的对边分别为a 、b 、c ，2sin a b A =. (1)求B 的大小．(2)若a =，5c =，求b . 【答案】(1) 6B π= (2) b =【解析】 【分析】（1）根据正弦定理sin sin a b A B=可解得角B ；（2）由余弦定理，将已知代入，可得b ． 【详解】解：（1）由2sin a b A =，得sin 2sin sin A B A =，又因B 为锐角，解得6B π=．(2)由题得2222cos 27252552457b a c ac B =+-=+-⨯=-=，解得b =【点睛】本题考查正，余弦定理解三角形，属于基础题．20.在ABC 中，角A ，B ，C 的对边分别为a ，b ，c ，已知8b =，3c =，3cos 16A =. （1）求a 的值，并判定ABC 的形状；（2）求ABC 的面积.【答案】（1）8a =，ABC 为等腰三角形；（2【解析】【分析】（1）根据题意，由余弦定理求出8a =，即可得出结果； （2）根据3cos 16A =求出sin A ，再由三角形面积公式，即可求出结果. 【详解】（1）在ABC 中，因为3cos 16A =，8b =，3c =， 所以由余弦定理可得2222cos 64a b c bc A =+-=，所以8a =，又8a b ==，38c =<，所以ABC 为等腰三角形.（2）因为3cos 16A =，所以sin A =，因此1sin 24ABC S bc A ==△. 【点睛】本题主要考查由余弦定理判定三角形形状，以及求三角形的面积，熟记余弦定理与三角形面积公式即可，属于常考题型.21.已知等差数列{}n a 的前n 项和为n S ，且11a =，452S a =．（1）求数列{}n a 的通项公式；（2）设12n n n b a -=，求数列{}n b 的前n 项和n T ．【答案】（1）n a n =；（2）1)12(n n T n -+=．【解析】【分析】（1）根据等差数列的通项公式列方程即可求解公差d,写出通项公式（2）利用错位相减法求和即可.【详解】（1）设数列{}n a 的公差为d ，由11a =，452S a =，可得()46214d d +=+，解得1d =，所以()11n a a n d n =+-=．（2）因为12n n n b a -= 12n n -=⨯，所以()01221122232122n n n T n n --=⨯+⨯+⨯++-⨯+⨯ ①，()12312122232122n n n T n n -=⨯+⨯+⨯++-⨯+⨯ ②， ①－②得：2112222n n n T n --=++++-⨯ 12221212n n n n n n -=-⨯=--⨯-， 所以()211n n T n =-+．【点睛】本题主要考查了等差数列的通项公式，错位相减法求和，属于中档题. 22.已知数列{}n a 的前n 项和为n S ，点(,)n n S 在抛物线23122y x x =+上，各项都为正数的等比数列{}n b 满足2411,416b b ==． （Ⅰ）求数列{}n a ，{}n b 的通项公式；（Ⅱ）记n n n a a C a b =+,求数列{}n C 的前n 项和n T ．【答案】（1）31,n a n =-1()2n n b =（2）2(91)27827n n n n T +=-++⋅ 【解析】 （Ⅰ）23122n S n n =+，当1n =时，112a S == 当2n ≥时，()()22131351112222n S n n n n -=-+-=-+ 131n n n a S S n -∴=-=-，∴数列{}n a 是首项为2，公差为3的等差数列，31n a n ∴=-又{}n b 各项都为正数，解得1111,,222n n b q b ⎛⎫==∴= ⎪⎝⎭（Ⅱ）()3191121294,27827n n n n a a n n n n C a b n T -+⎛⎫=+=-+=-⨯++ ⎪⎝⎭。
河北省张家口市尚义县第一中学2019-2020学年高一英语下学期期中试题【含答案】
河北省张家口市尚义县第一中学2019-2020学年高一英语下学期期中试题本试卷分第I卷(选择题)和第II卷(非选择题)两部分，全卷满分150分，考试时间120 分钟。
注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必用0.5mm黑色签字笔在答题卡相应栏内填写自己的班级、姓名、考场、准考证号，并用2B铅笔将考试科目、准考证号涂写在答题卡上。
2．II卷内容须用0.5mm黑色签字笔写在答题卡相应空格或区域内。
3．考试结束，将答题卡交回。
第I卷（选择题，共100分）第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What will the speakers do?A. Plan a picnic.B. Go on a picnic.C. Stay at home.2. How did the man come to work?A. By bus.B. By bike.C. On foot.3. What’s the color of the dress?A. White.B. Red.C. Yellow.4. What is the woman?A. A traffic policewoman.B. A bus conductor.C. A math teacher.5. What does the man think of the English class?A. Dull.B. Interesting.C. Difficult.第二节（共15小题, 每小题1.5分, 满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
河北省张家口市尚义县一中2019-2020学年高一下学期期中生物试卷及解析
河北省张家口市尚义县一中2019-2020学年高一下学期期中生物试卷注意事项：1．答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息2．请将答案正确填写在答题卡上第I卷（选择题）一、选择题（题型注释）盲基因来自于（）A.外祖父B.外祖母C.祖父D.祖母2.基因的自由组合定律揭示出（）A.等位基因之间的关系B.非等位基因之间的关系C.非同源染色体上非等位基因之间的关系D.同源染色体上非等位基因之间的关系3.下列曲线中表示减数分裂过程中染色体数目变化的是A. B.C. D.4.减数第一次分裂的实质是（）A.姐妹染色单体彼此分开B.染色体进行了复制C.联会后的同源染色体彼此分开D.染色体恢复成染色质5.减数分裂过程中，染色体的行为变化为（）A.复制→分离→联会→分裂B.联会→复制→分离→分裂C.联会→复制→分裂→分离D.复制→联会→分离→分裂6.通过测交可以推测被测个体①性状的显、隐性②产生配子的比例③基因型④产生配子的数量A.①②③④B.①②③C.②③D.③④7.下面关于同源染色体的叙述中，不正确的是（）A.同源染色体一条来自父方，一条来自母方B.同源染色体是由一条染色体经过复制而成的两条染色体C.同源染色体的形状和大小一般都相同D.在减数分裂中配对的两条染色体是同源染色体8.相对性状的基因自由组合，如果F2的分离比分别为9∶7、9∶6∶1和15∶1，那么F1与双隐性个体测交，得到的分离比分别是（）A.1∶3、1∶2∶1和3∶1B.3∶1、4∶1和1∶3C.1∶2∶1、4∶1和3∶1D.3∶1、3∶1和1∶49.下列杂交与自交实验中，子一代能出现性状分离的是（）A.显性纯合子自交B.隐性性状个体自交C.显性纯合子与隐性纯合子杂交D.杂合子自交10.下列有关受精卵和受精作用的叙述中，错误的是A.受精卵中的染色体一半来自卵细胞B.受精过程中精子和卵细胞的结合是随机的C.受精卵中的DNA一半来自精子D.受精作用与精子和卵细胞的相互识别有关11.以二倍体生物为例，减Ⅱ分裂不同于有丝分裂的特点是（）A.不含同源染色体B.染色体联会C.会有纺锤体形成D.着丝点分开12.以下①～④为动物生殖细胞形成过程中某些时期的示意图．按分裂时期的先后排序，正确的是（）A. ①②③④B. ②①④③C. ③④②①D. ④①③②13.下图为某半乳糖血症家族系谱图，有关叙述正确的是（）A.该病的遗传方式是X染色体显性遗传B.带有致病基因的男性个体一定患病C.10号个体为杂合体的几率为2/3D.14号与患者婚配，后代正常的概率为2/314.已知一对表现型正常的夫妇，生了一个既患聋哑又患红绿色盲的男孩，且该男孩的基因型是aaX b Y。
河北省张家口市尚义县第一中学2019-2020学年高一下学期期中考试地理试题
地理本试卷分第I卷(选择题)和第II卷(非选择题)两部分，全卷满分100分，考试时间80分钟。
注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必用0.5mm黑色签字笔在答题卡相应栏内填写自己的班级、姓名、考场、准考证号，并用2B铅笔将考试科目、准考证号涂写在答题卡上。
2．II卷内容须用0.5mm黑色签字笔写在答题卡相应空格或区域内。
3．考试结束，将答题卡交回。
第I卷（选择题，共80分）一、单选题（本大题共40小题，共80.0分）读表，完成下题。
表我国1982年、2010年人口数据统计表A. 高出生率、高死亡率、低自然增长率B. 低出生率、低死亡率、低自然增长率C. 低出生率、高死亡率、低自然增长率D. 高出生率、低死亡率、高自然增长率2.1982年以来，影响中国农村人口大量迁入城市的主要因素是A. 经济因素B. 社会文化因素C. 政治因素D. 自然环境因素3.“全面二胎”政策的实施对我国可能产生的影响是A. 解决人口老龄化问题B. 家庭负担持续加重C. 出生人口性别比上升D. 有利于扩大内需空巢家庭是指老人独居的一种现象，目前我国城乡家庭空巢率超过5成。
2016年1月我国全面放开一对夫妇可生育两个孩子政策，积极开展应对人口老龄化行动。
完成下列各题。
4.近年来，我国空巢家庭迅速增加的根本原因是A. 城乡差距B. 家庭原因C. 计划生育D. 个人原因5.全面放开二孩的人口政策给我国社会经济发展带来的长远影响不正确的是A. 缓解空巢家庭不断增加趋势B. 导致人口增长率持续上升C. 缓解劳动人口比重减少趋势D. 有利于扩大内需6.下列哪种人口增长模式常出现人口老龄化A. 原始型B. 传统型C. 传统型向现代型的过渡D. 现代型7.几千年以来，世界人口增长“缓慢→加快→迅速”的过程，证明了人口增长的快慢归根结底取决于A. 医疗卫生条件B. 妇女就业状况C. 生活风俗习惯D. 生产力发展水平下图为我国某省近三十年来四个年份的人口年龄构成示意图，回答下列各题。
2019-2020学年尚义县第一中学高三英语下学期期中试题及答案
2019-2020学年尚义县第一中学高三英语下学期期中试题及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项A4 Best Drive--In Movie Theaters in the USColorado: Holiday Twin Drive--InAddress: 2206 S Overland Trail, Fort Collins, CO 80526, USAPhone: +1 970-221-1244The theater, open since 1968 and currently the most popular drive-in in the US, provides various special foods. The menu there even amazes meat-free customers. But please remember the outside food is forbidden here. Besides, the Rocky Mountains provide a pastoral (田园式的) backdrop to screenings, and sunsets usually don’t disappoint either. It also offers lots of unique events that go beyond the big screen.North Carolina: Hound’s Drive--InAddress: 114 Raven Cir, Kings Mountain, NC 28086, USAPhone: +1 704-739-4424Having only opened in 2016, it’s one of the newest theaters on the block. The drive-in features newer equipment and digital projection. People can bring their animal friends along.Florida: Fort Lauderdale Swap ShopAddress: 3291 W Sunrise Blvd, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33311, USAPhone: +1 954-791-7927The Florida favorite offers plenty ofways to have fun. With 14 screens, the self-proclaimed (自称的) world’s largest drive-in equals any indoor cinema in terms of capacity and programming. It also includes an 88-acre flea (跳蚤) market and a free Ferrari museum. It’s best to book tickets on the Internet ahead of time if you don’t want to wait in line.California: Mission Tiki Drive -InAddress: 10798 Ramona Ave, Montclair, CA 91763, USAPhone: +1 909-628-0511Let’s have fun in the old-school outdoor cinema in Montclair, California. Remember tickets are available at the ticket office only. It alternates (交替) up to eight new releases on four screens and hosts almost daily swapmeets where people can exchange things they no longer need. It also organizes classic car and lowrider meet-ups.1.What can people do in Holiday Twin Drive-In?A.Participate in somespecial activities.B.Enjoy the film with the latest equipment.C.Learn about the benefits of being meat free.D.Share home-made cookies while watching the film.2.Which of the following theaters is friendly to visitors with pets?A.Hound’s Drive- In.B.Mission Tiki Drive-In.C.Holiday Twin Drive-In.D.Fort Lauderdale Swap Shop.3.What do Fort Lauderdale Swap Shop and Mission Tiki Drive-In have in common?A.Both feature old-fashioned styles.B.Both allow booking tickets online.C.Both provide free museum exhibitions.D.Both offer chances to trade second-hand goods.BSome years ago I was offered a writing assignment that would require three months of travel through Europe.I had been abroad a couple of times, but I could hardly claim to know my way around the continent. Moreover, my knowledge of foreign languages was limited to a little college French.I hesitated. How would I, unable to speak the language, totally unfamiliar with local geography or transportation system？It seemed impossible, and with considerable regret. Suddenly a thought ran through my mind: you can't learn if you don't try. So I accepted the assignment.There were some bad moments. But by the time I had finished the trip I was an experienced traveler. And ever since, I have never hesitated to head for even the most remote of places, without guides or even advanced bookings, confident that somehow I will manage.The point is that the new, along with the different, is almost scary by definition. But each time you try something, you learn, and as the learning piles up, the world opens to you.I've learned to ski at 40, and flown up the Rhine River in a balloon. And I know I'll go on doing such things. It's not because I'm braver or more daring than others. I'm not. But I'll accept anxiety as another name for challenge and I believe I can accomplish wonders.4. The author accepted the assignment because_________.A. he had never travelled abroad beforeB. he hardly knew any foreign languagesC. he was familiar with any other country in EuropeD. he would learn something new and different by trying5. Which of the following statements is TRUE？A. The author had been abroad only twice.B. The author thought the trip was hard but worthwhile.C. The author admitted that anything different was terrible.D. The author must be good at doing research and making interviews.6. We can infer from the text that the author is_______.A. awkwardB. generousC. stubbornD. brave7. What's the best title of the text？A. An Interesting Trip AbroadB. My First Writing AssignmentC. Ready to Try and ChallengeD. How to Be Daring and Brave.CAt the age of 50, Nina Schoen expects to have a long lifeahead of her, but has thought a lot about death—and why people are so reluctant to talk about it: “It’s going to happen to all of us,” she says, “but it should be a more positive experience than the fear we put into it.”When she first heard about a new end-of-life process that turns the body into compost (堆肥), “I was really moved by the idea,” says Schoen, who became one of the first to reserve a spot with a Seattle-based company called Recompose, the county’s first funeral home to offer human composting.Last year Recompose began transforming bodies to soil, more formally known as natural organic reduction. Before that, end-of-life options in the U.S. were limited to burial or cremation (火化), both of which come with environmental costs—U.S. cremations alone dump 1.7 billion pounds of carbon dioxide into theatmosphere every year.Katrina Spade pioneering the composting movement has spent a decade developing the process in hopes of offering people a greener option for death care. “I wondered, ‘What if we had a choice that helps the planet rather than harms it?’” Spade tells PEOPLE. “To know that the last gesture you’ll make will be gentle and beneficial and it just feels like the right thing to do.”After she had her own two sons, she began to wonder what she might do with her body after death. A friendwho knew her interest in the topic reminded her that farmers sometimes compost the body of cows, and thatsparkedan idea for her theory: “If you can compost a cow, you can probably compost a human,” she thought, and she set about designing a facility to do just that.“This is about giving people another choice,” Spade says. “At first, people react with shock—‘You really can do that?’ But so many people today are looking at their impact on the Earth. This is a popular thing because when you die, you can give back to the planet.”8. How do people react when it comes to death according to paragraph 1?A. They are unwilling to comment.B. They can face it without fear.C. They feel it a positive experience.D. They would like to compost their bodies.9. What can we know about the company Recompose?A. Its CEO is Katrina Spade.B. It is located in Seattle.C. It was founded to resist cremation.D. It has spent 10 years composting bodies.10. What does the underlined word “sparked” probably mean?A. Changed.B. Compromised.C. Quitted.D. Inspired.11. What message does the author seem to convey in the text?A. A little things in our life can bring in big outcomes.B. We human beings should do all we can to help the earth.C. Composting is so popular that we should reserve a spot soon.D. We should reject burial because of its harm to environment.DA new look for technology, Solestrom’s new high-tech swimsuits promise to stand out all summer long. First in their new products is Solestrom’s new SmartSwimCMUV Smart Bikini featuring a smart UV meter.The bikini collects UV information through a smart fabric belt and reports the UV index to the wearer with 0.01 exactness. The electronic parts are neatly built into the removable belt, and can be worn even underwater. Next in the list is a lower cost cousin, the SmartSwimCMUV Index Detector Bikini, which has UV sensitive beadsthat change color1 with the level of UV intensity. The reading gives more of a range rather than an exact number, but for those who simply need to know if the UV is low, moderate or high, this bikini fits the bill.It is now available in Banana Split, more color1 s may become available later in the season. And finally, what could be better than a beach tote with built in energy source? No need to suffer dead batteries in your MP3, just plug them into your Solar Powered Beach Tote for on-the-go mobile charging. This beach tote combines fashion and functionality all in one, lightweight and roomy beach accessory. A built in solar panel charges fully most small electronics in only 2-3 hours of sunlight. Pauline Butler, Media Relations Manger at Solestrom states “the concept of blending fashion and technology is growing at amazing rate, and we are right on the leading edge. Our products are new, creative and meet the need of the young and environmentally conscious crowd.’’Solestrom’s SmartSwinirCMproducts retail from $98. 99- $189. 99，and can be found in their online store, Solestrom. com.12. What is the passage mainly about?A. Famous Solestrom and its Products.B. Fashionable and Functional Beach Tote.C. Smart swimsuits and Solar Powered Beach Tote.D. Where and How to Buy SmartSwirn and the Beach Tote.13. Why are UV sensitive beads used in the SmartSwirnCMUV Index Detector Bikini?A. To give an exact number.B. To know if the UV is low, moderate or high.C. To change color1 with the level of UV intensity.D. To improve the equality of the UV Index Detector Bikini.14. What can we know about Solar Powered Beach Tote?A. Its parts are fixed in the belt.B. It combines lightweight and functionality.C. It can tell the weaver the level of UV intensity.D. It saves people from worrying about dead batteries in their MP3.15. Who will prefer the new products mentioned in the text?A. The young people and the environmentalists.B. People who like to travel all over the world.C. People who love to buy goods online.D. People interested in the latest bag.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2019-2020学年尚义县第一中学高三英语下学期期中考试试卷及答案解析
2019-2020学年尚义县第一中学高三英语下学期期中考试试卷及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AThe “laugh out loud” face is officially the world’s most popular emoji, according to researchers from Adobe (ADBE) who surveyed 7,000 users across the United States, the United Kingdom, Germany, France, Japan, Australia, and South Korea.The “thumbs up” emoji came in second, followed by the “red heart” emoji. The flirtatious “wink and kiss” and “sad face with a tear” emojis respectively rounded out the top five.The software maker on Thursday released the findings from its 2021 Global Emoji Trend Report ahead of World Emoji Day on Saturday.Adobe’s latest Emoji Trend report also examined the three most misunderstood emojis in the world. The “eggplant” symbol edged out the “peach” and the “clown” emojis respectively as the most confusing for users.The vast majority of emoji users (90%) believe the modern —day hieroglyphs make it easier for them to express themselves. Eighty — nine percent of respondents said emojis simplify communicating across language barriers. And 67% said they think people who use emojis are friendlier, funnier and cooler than those who don’t. A slight majority of respondents said they are more comfortable expressing emotions through emojis than talking on the phone or in —person. More than half of global emoji users (55%) said using emojis in communications has positively impacted their mental health. Seventy — six percent of those surveyed said emojis are an important communication tool for creating unity, respect and understanding. And 88% said they feel more empathetic toward people who use emojis.1.What are the three most popular emojis according to the passage?A.clown thumbs up laugh out loudugh out loud thumbs up wink and kissugh out loud thumbs up red heartD.thumbs up red heart sad face with a tear2.Which emoji is the most confusing one for users?A.Peach.B.Eggplant.C.Clown.D.Wink and kiss.3.Which of the following best describes the attitude of most people surveyed to emojis?A.Favorable.B.Passive.C.Indifferent.D.Doubtful.BMost people around the world are right-handed. This also seems to be true in history. In 1799, scientists studied works of art made at different times from 1,500 B.C. to the 1950s. Most of the people shown in these works are right-handed, so the scientists guessed that right-handedness has always been common through history. Today, only about 10% to 15% of the world’s population is left-handed.Why are there more right-handed people than left-handed ones? Scientists now know that a person’s two hands each have their own jobs. For most people, the left hand is used to find things or hold things. The right hand is used to work with things. This is because of the different work of the two sides of the brain. The right side of the brain, which makes a person’s hands and eyes work together, controls the left hand. The left-side of the brain, which controls the right hand, is the centre for thinking and doing problems. These findings show that more artists should be left-handed, and studies have found that left-handedness is twice as common among artists as among people in other jobs.No one really knows what makes a person become right-handed instead of left-handed. Scientists have found that almost 40% of the people become left-handed because their main brain is damaged when they are born. However, this doesn’t happen to everyone, so scientists guess there must be another reason why people become left-handed. One idea is that people usually get right-handed from their parents. If a person does not receive the gene(基因) for right-handedness, he / she may become either right-handed or left-handed according to the chance and the people they work or live with.Though right-handedness is more common than left-handedness, people no longer think left-handed people are strange or unusual. A long time ago, left-handed children were made to use their right hands like other children, but today they don’t have to.4. After studying works of art made at different times in history, the scientists found _______.A. the art began from 1,500B.C.B. the works of art ended in the 1950sC. most people shown in the works of art are right-handedD. most people shown in the works of art are left-handed5. What is the left hand for most people used to do?A. It’s used to find or hold things.B. It’s used to work with things.C. It’s used to make a person’s eyes work together.D. It’s the centre for thinking and doing problems.6. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?A. No one really knows what makes a person become right-handed.B. Left-handedness is cleverer than right-handedness.C. Today children are not made to use their right hands only.D. Scientists think there must be some reason why people become left-handed.7. The best title for this passage is _______.A. Scientists’ New InventionsB. Left-handed PeopleC. Which HandD. Different Brains, Different HandsCAlaska—The American city Anchorage is recovering from a powerful earthquake Friday that damaged public buildings, homes and roads.The 7.0 earthquake caused buildings to slake. But there have been no reports of deaths, serious injuries or damage. Officials say the quake has not affected transportation of food and her supplies. “The ships are coming in on schedule, the supply lines are at this point working well,” the government told reporters Sunday.The Glenn Highway was probably the road hit hardest by the earthquake. It connects the state's largest city to other parts in the north. Traffic has been heavy and slow—moving since the quake. Drivers are being guided. Groups of workers are trying to rebuild areas where the quake left large holes in the road.People who are still nervous after the major quake have been more upset by more than 1, 700 aftershocks. “Anything that moves, you feel terrified”said David, whose home suffered structural(结构)damage, including a sunken foundation(地基). Actually, Alaska came up with strict building rules after a 9. 2 earthquake in 1964. That was the second most powerful earthquake on record.Government officials said a public health center promises that moneyfor medical treatment will continue to come. Mental healthy service(心理健康服务)is also available for people hurt by the disaster.Earthquake experts say there is a 4 percent chance of another 7. 0 earthquake or greater in the following week. "The chance is very small, but its not impossible, ” said the expert, Paul Caruso.8. What was the result of the earthquake?A. Buildings were damaged.B. Food supply was cut off.C. Many people were killedD. The ships could not come in.9. Why is the traffic slow on the Glenn Highway?A. Because small quakes hit the city.B. Because falling rocks are a danger.C. Because the highway is badly damaged.D. Because drivers are misled.10. What can you learn from Paul Caruso?A. Another greater earthquake is on the way.B. Chances still exists of another earthquake.C. It will be safe in the 1th week after the quake.D. There is no possibility for more quakes.11. Where can your possibly read the passage?A. Ina story book.B. In a travel journal.C. In a poster.D. In a newspaper.DIt was five years ago that something unforgettable happened. My wife and I celebrated our 40thwedding anniversary that year. It was a lovely event hosted by our sons for us. My wonderful friends from the past surprised us with gifts and congratulations. Our gift to each other was a driving trip out west. We drove fromOntariointoAlberta, then southward intoGlacierNational ParkinMontana, and continued toYellowstoneNational Park.It was a cold spring day, and theBeartooth Highwayhad opened for the season just days before. Alongside the road, there was still a great amount of snow there. The scenery was so impressive that we made lots of stops to record memories with my camera. At the highest point of the highway, I stopped at a lookout to catch the amazing views, with my wife in the centre of my camera lens.There were not many cars on the road. Sometimes, cars with energetic young tourists passed by. And then we heard a motorcycle in the distance. The driver of the motorcycle, who wore dirty clothes, parked behind our cars. As he approached us, his only words were, “Give me your camera and get over there with your wife.” I must admit I felt nervous that we might be robbed where we just created some beautiful memories. Surprisingly, he just took a picture of us, handed back my camera and rode off before we could express our gratitude. The photo he took is one of the most valuable and prized of our trip.I learned my lesson somewhere I least expected it. We should never judge a man by his appearance. If the motorcycle driver reads this story and remembers the situation, we would like to say “Thank you” to him.12. According to the passage, what do we know about the trip?A. It was taken by train to the west.B. It was a suggestion from their friends.C. It was in the late autumn five years ago.D. It was a gift for their wedding anniversary.13. Why was the author nervous when the motorcycle driver offered to take a picture?A. He could have lost the camera.B. His wife might not be satisfied with the view there.C. The motorcycle driver would borrow the camera.D. The motorcycle driver might not be good at the taking pictures.14. Which of the following best describes the driver of the motorcycle?A. Kind and straightforward.B. Rich and generous.C. Creative and capable.D. Careful and admirable.15. Which of the following can be concluded from the passage?A. No pains, no gains.B. Seeing is believing.C. Don’t judge a book by its cover.D. The longest journey begins with the first step.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020届尚义县第一中学高三英语下学期期中考试试题及答案解析
2020届尚义县第一中学高三英语下学期期中考试试题及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AWhen you grow up in Voss, outdoor adventures become a way of living. This is why visitors will find outdoor activities for all ages and levels. Many people get the impression that such activities as river sports, air sports and other extreme sports are only for the experts. Actually, you will find many outdoor adventures for those who simply want a taste of these elements in Voss.◆River KayakingThe river in Voss are great for river kayaking. If you are a beginner, we advise you to try an introduction course of 3 hours. A course of 2 days can be tested out if you really want to learn the sport of kayaking. Get a totally new experience with one of the best kayak centers inNorway.Prices From NOK 850 per person◆RaftingThe most popular summer activity in Voss. Thrilling, fun and suitable for beginners as well as those with experience! Includes transportation, safety instruction, swim test and about8kmof breathtaking rafting starting off in softer steams before getting on to the more exciting streams.Season Daily May—OctoberPrices From NOK 1,120Info All necessary equipment is provided. Please bring your own swimwear and towel.◆Bavallsekspressen Chair LiftExplore the mountain by riding the Bavallsekpressen chair lift all the way to the top to get immediate access to a great variety of hiking trails in beautiful scenery. The lift is also open for those who want to bring their bike or paraglider. Start and end: From Bavallen to Hangurstoppen.Season: Sat/Sun 24 June—06 August 12:00-16:00Prices Single trip: NOK 100 Day pass: NOK 250◆HusdyrparkenAt Husdyrparken, visitors get to experience Norwegian farm animals. You can participate in animal feeding and farm competitions, or simply relax with an organic ice cream in the café. You can also visit a small museumwith old farming equipment.Season: Daily 18 June—21 AugustPrices: Adults NOK 120 Children NOK 60 Senior NOK 60Family Pass NOK 200 (For up to two adults and two kids)1. Who are the intended readers of the passage?A. Local residents.B. Professional athletes.C. Travel experts.D. Common Tourists.2. Which of the following activities provide instructions for beginners?A. River Kayaking and Rafting.B. Husdyrparken and River Kayaking.C. Rafting and Bavallsekspressen Chair Lift.D. Bavallsekspressen Chair Lift and Husdyrparken.3. How much should Jan pay for a farm trip with her little son and her mother in Voss?A. NOK 240.B. NOK 200.C. NOK 180.D. NOK 120.BIt all happened one afternoon in Carl's backyard a few years ago. We had just finished playing stickball, and I was about to go home.“Wait a minute,” Carl yelled. He ran into his house and cameback with a book for me to take home and read. All he said was, “See if you like it.”I said ly nothing. I kept the book for a couple of weeks and then returned it unread. Carl never asked me if I liked it or not. During the following two years Carl lent me three more books. Each time I returned them unread.A few days after graduating from high school, Carl asked, “Benny, which college are you going to?”“I'm not going to college.” I said.“Why not?” he asked.“Because my father can't afford the tuition (学费).” I answered.“Is that it?” Carl asked. “Yes,” I said.I lied. I had no intention of going back to school now that I was out. The following day, Carl knocked on my door and handed me a check for seventy-five dollars from his father along with the bookMartin Eden.“I think that should do it.” he said.Once again I was in shock. I was working full-time in my brother's bakery. I attended two classes atWayneUniversitypart-time at night. Halfway through the semester, after receiving failing grades on exams andessays, I decided there was no way I would ever become a good student and get satisfactory grades. I dropped out of college.One day, curious, I picked up the book, thinking Carl was trying to tell me something. Despite difficulty, I pressed on. By the time I finished the book, I understood why: the main character, Martin Eden, had my own poor educational background, but managed to educate himself and become a published author.4. What do we know about the author?A. He often told lies.B. He quit school unwillingly.C. He had thought little of education before.D. He became a published author.5. What kind of person is Carl?A. Caring.B. Emotional.C. Stubborn.D. Cautious.6. What message does Carl want to convey?A. Reading makes a rich man.B. Reading is the journey of the soul.C. Reading makes a person better known.D.Readingopens up new opportunities.7. What is the best title for the text?A. A strong desire for collegeB. A wish for better educationC. A wise friendD. A wise bookCVolunteer DayWhat better way is there to enjoy your own hobbies while helping others at the same time? Come to Volunteer Day and choose which activity you’d like to join for the day. See below for a schedule of events on Volunteer Day.Volunteer Day schedule:7:30am.: Meet at the Community (社区) Center for juice and bagels.8:00—8:30 a.m.: Choose which activity you’d like to help with for the day.8:30 a.m.: Board the bus to your activity site.9:00 a.m.—3:30 p.m.: Work as a volunteer.3:30 p.m.: Board the bus that will take you back to the Community Center.See below for a list of volunteer opportunities for Volunteer Day so you can begin thinking about which activity you might want to join.A list of volunteer activities:Paint houses: Do you enjoy making art? If so, this volunteer opportunity might be just right for you! Happy Homes is a local organization that provides home repairs for needy people in the form of painting. For elderly or physically disabled people who cannot do repairs to their homes, Happy Homes provides volunteer painters to repaint old homes; outside or in. Happy Homes also provides painters to create beautiful wall paintings inside schools or community centers.Plant flowers: Do you enjoy being outside in nature? City Parks Association has many great opportunities for people who love to be outdoors. Help plant flowers and bushes in city parks; help lay paths at Cave Springs Park, or help pick up rubbish around the river banks. These activities are very active, so remember to be prepared with plenty of drinking water!Read to children: Do you enjoy working with young children? Do you like books? Love and Learning is an organization that provides volunteers to help children with learning disabilities. Read books out loud to groups of children four to six years old, or read one-on-one with struggling readers seven to eight years old.Play with animals: Do you love animals? Lovely Friends is an organization that visits local animal shelters and provides volunteers to spend time with the animals while their cages are being cleaned. Play with puppies, snuggle with cats, or hand-feed rabbits.8. At what time do volunteers leave for their activity sites?A. 7:30 a.m..B. 8:00 a.m.C. 8:30 a.m.D. 9:00 a.m.9. An outdoor lover probably takes part in ______.A. Plant flowersB. Paint housesC. Read to childrenD. Play with animals10. What do Lovely Friends volunteers do?A. Read books to children.B. Spend time with animals.C. Help plant bushes in parks.D. Pick up garbage along the river.11. The purpose of the passage is to _________.A. educate childrenB. attract volunteersC. comfort the elderlyD. encourage the disabledDPeggy Whitson's job demands a daily twohour workout in a gym where weight has no meaning and the view changes at 17,000 miles an hour.Whitson makes it look easy. At 57, she is the oldest woman to fly in space, breaking the record last November, 2016, when she began her third longterm stay at the International Space Station. After returning home in September, 2017, the NASA astronaut feltmatter-of-factabout the age milestone.“It wasn't a record I was seeking for,” Whitson said. “I was 42 and 48 for my first two space flights. I feel lucky that I was able to get to do another one in my 50s. I don't think people should let age discourage them, even on those jobs that require some amount of physical fitness. The oldest man is John Glenn (at 77), and we've had male astronauts in their 60s before, so it's just a matter of time before women start flying in space at this age”.On the earth, she stays fit by weightlifting, biking, playing basketball and water skiing. She shared what it's like to live in microgravity: “It's like you're in a swimming pool, but you don't have to worry about breathing. If I push off from one side, I'm going to float to the other side. Every direction feels exactly the same, which is really hard for your brain to grasp, but it's amazing how fast you adapt.It's a big shock for the body to come back to Earth—everything is so heavy. We spend a lot of time getting used to being back in gravity again. Back pain was really the most dramatic for me this time. For me, coming home is harder than going up into space.”12. How long did Peggy Whitson spend for her third stay in the International Space Station?A. About 300 days.B. About 708 days.C. About 107 days.D. About57 days.13. What does the underlined word probably mean in the passage?A. Amazing.B. Not surprising.C. Enthusiastic.D. Unbelievable.14. According to the passage, which of the following is true?A. Peggy Whitson likes swimming most.B. Peggy Whitson is the oldest person to fly in space.C. Peggy Whitson had been in space in 2002 and 2008.D. There had been female astronauts over 60s flying in space before.15. Which of the following will Peggy Whitson probably say?A. You can still be successful and do physical things when old.B. I spent quite a lot of time getting used to the life in space.C. The moment we reached the earth, we felt so relaxed.D. I feel lucky that I am physically well after the whole journey.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
河北省张家口市尚义县第一中学2019-2020学年高一下学期期中考试历史试卷 Word版含答案
祝学长学业有成，取得好成绩历史本试卷分第I卷（选择题）和第II卷(非选择题）两部分，全卷满分100 分。
考试时间90分钟。
注意事项：1．答卷前,考生务必用0。
5mm黑色签字笔在答题卷卷头相应位置填写班级、姓名、考场、考号；在答题卡相应栏内填写自己的姓名、准考证号，并用2B铅笔将考试科目、准考证号涂写在答题卡上。
2．II卷内容须用0。
5mm黑色签字笔写在答题卡相应空格或区域内.3．考试结束，将答题卡交回。
第Ⅰ卷（选择题,共90分）一、选择题(本题包括50小题，1—-—40题每小题2分，40—--50题每小题1分，共90分.每小题只有．．一个．．选项符合题意)1. 下列关于下图的认识，不正确的是A、是继汉代犁耕发展后农具改革的又一次突破B、自此之后，牛耕得到广泛的推广C、与旧犁相比具有省力、提速、耕作随心所欲的特点D、标志着中国传统步犁的基本定型2．铁农具和牛耕的出现对古代中国经济形态的主要影响是导致A、庄园经济的产生B、小农经济的产生和发展C、市场经济产生D、集体耕作方式的出现3．东汉光武帝刘秀的舅父占有田地面积达300余顷;东晋宰相谢安占有水陆地265顷，含带两山；明皇庄土地面积达37 000多顷。
这种现象的根源是A、土地兼并B、豪强地主拥有强权C、国家授田D、土地私有4．与“农为天下之本务，而工贾皆其末也”观点不一致的是A、“黄金珠玉，饥不可食，寒不可衣……皆莫如被服"B、“乃令贾人不得衣丝乘车，重租税以困辱之”C、“世儒不察，以工商为末，妄议抑之”D、“舍本逐末，贤者所非”5．隋炀帝时许多老百姓为躲避被征作民夫，不惜将手足砍断，还说是“福手、福足”，这说明A、隋朝时百姓经常躲避为国家服务的义务B、徭役过于沉重百姓不堪其苦C、不愿意离开亲人不如砍断手足D、怕离家之后的土地被地主兼并失去生存基础6．战国时期，南北发展差距拉大，造成战国时期黄河流域经济大规模发展的主要原因是A、北方政局相对稳定B、北方自然条件更优越C、北方铁器的大力推广D、北方劳动力资源丰富7.下面是某人观察汉画像砖《牛耕图》后的感悟,正确的是A、汉代农用动力发生根本变化B、汉代耕犁更有利于调节耕作深度C、汉代精耕细作技术有了提高D、中国传统步犁形状基本定型8.《史记·货殖列传》记载,“（江南）地广人稀，饭稻羹鱼，或火耕而水褥……不待贾而足……无冻饿之人，亦无千金之家。
河北省尚义县高一下学期语文期中考试试卷
河北省尚义县高一下学期语文期中考试试卷姓名:________ 班级:________ 成绩:________一、选择题 (共1题；共6分)1. （6分） (2019高三上·安徽模拟) 阅读下面的文字，完成下面小题。
翻拍经典，成为当下不少创作者的选择，其中，不乏超越前作的精品，但随着翻拍频率、数量的不断提升，问题愈发，不少翻拍剧泯然众人，遭遇口碑危机。
颠覆的改编、雷人的剧情，让不少观众对翻拍剧产生抵触情绪。
翻拍剧遭质疑，这不仅是翻拍本身的问题，而且是因为在翻拍的过程中出现种种不良创作倾向造成的。
比如，有的翻拍剧只顾热度和流量，导致作品；有的为搏眼球，一味搜奇猎艳，牵强附会；有的为了创新而创新，加入不合逻辑和常识的内容；有的海外取材，却机械地复制粘贴，导致严重的“水土不服”……创新是文艺的生命，文艺创作是艺术要素和技术要素的集成，是胸怀和创意的对接。
今天，各种拍摄、制作技术不断进步，而我们的胸怀、创意也要跟进。
（），才能发现的素材，才能创作出具有生命力的作品。
（1）依次填入横线上的词语，全都恰当的一项是（）A . 突显甚至粗枝大叶源源不断B . 凸显或者粗制滥造滔滔不绝C . 凸显甚至粗制滥造源源不断D . 突显或者粗枝大叶滔滔不绝（2）文中画横线的句子有语病，下列修改最恰当的一项是（）A . 这不仅是翻拍本身的问题，而且是因为在翻拍的过程中出现种种不良创作倾向。
B . 这不是翻拍本身的问题，而是因为在翻拍的过程中出现种种不良创作倾向造成的。
C . 这不是翻拍本身的问题，而是因为在翻拍的过程中出现种种不良创作倾向。
D . 这不仅是翻拍本身的问题，而且是在翻拍的过程中出现种种不良创作倾向造成的。
（3）下列填入文中括号内的语句，衔接最恰当的一项是（）A . 唯有阅读生活的能力不断增强，文艺原创的能力不断提升B . 唯有文艺原创的能力不断提升，阅读生活的能力不断增强C . 唯有不断提升文艺原创的能力，不断增强阅读生活的能力D . 唯有不断增强阅读生活的能力，不断提升文艺原创的能力二、现代文阅读 (共3题；共27分)2. （6分） (2017高二下·黄山期末) 阅读下面的文字，完成下列小题。
河北省尚义县高一下学期语文期中试卷
河北省尚义县高一下学期语文期中试卷姓名:________ 班级:________ 成绩:________一、选择题 (共10题；共20分)1. （2分）下列词语中划线的字，读音全都正确的一项是（）A . 府邸(dǐ)舐犊情深(shì) 砥砺(dǐ)扺掌而谈(dǐ)B . 觇视(chān)拈轻怕重(zhān)粘贴(zhān)玷辱名声(diàn)C . 皴裂(jūn)怙恶不悛(quān)唆使(suō)日月如梭(suō)D . 瞻仰(zhān)飞檐走壁(yán))赡养(shàn)蟾宫折桂(chán)2. （2分）下列词语中，没有错别字的一组是（）A . 絮烦嬉笑诛连食不果腹B . 无暇注销编篡声名鹊起C . 鼎立蓬蒿蚁巢雕栏玉砌D . 世故震撼恸哭悬梁刺骨3. （2分）下列各句中，划线的词语使用正确的一项是（）A . 在最后陈述中,被告表示,自己犯了罪,愿认罪伏法,请求法院考虑其自首情节和积极上交全部涉案资金的良好认罪态度,对自己予以宽大处理。
B . 实践、认识、再实践、再认识，这种形式，循环往复以致无穷，这是人类认识的总的发展规律。
C . 自国务院机构改革方案公布后，将被撤销的几个部门的门口都成了热门景点，前来拍照留念的人不绝如缕，门口甚至拉起了长长的警戒线。
D . 对于病理主治医生来说，重要的是要熟悉基本病变，学会分析各种影像并从中得出诊断结论；要有科学的思路而不是只会按图索骥。
4. （2分） (2019高三上·浙江期中) 下列各句中，没有语病的一项是（）A . 由于加强了生产过程中的生态环境监控，我市某蔬菜基地每年的西兰花的生产量，除供应本省主要市场外，还销往上海、北京等大城市。
B . 《消费者权益保护法》深受广大消费者所欢迎，因为它强化了人们自我保护意识，使消费者权益得到最大限度的保护。
C . 8月21日15时左右，《哪吒》票房已达42.39亿元，超过《复仇者联盟4》的42.38亿元，跻身中国票房纪录第三名，仅次于《战狼2》和《流浪地球》。
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地理本试卷分第I卷(选择题)和第II卷(非选择题)两部分，全卷满分100分，考试时间80分钟。
注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必用0.5mm黑色签字笔在答题卡相应栏内填写自己的班级、姓名、考场、准考证号，并用2B铅笔将考试科目、准考证号涂写在答题卡上。
2．II卷内容须用0.5mm黑色签字笔写在答题卡相应空格或区域内。
3．考试结束，将答题卡交回。
第I卷（选择题，共80分）一、单选题（本大题共40小题，共80.0分）读表，完成下题。
1.2010年中国人口增长的主要特点是（）A.高出生率、高死亡率、低自然增长率B.低出生率、低死亡率、低自然增长率C.低出生率、高死亡率、低自然增长率D.高出生率、低死亡率、高自然增长率2.1982年以来，影响中国农村人口大量迁入城市的主要因素是（）A.经济因素B.社会文化因素C.政治因素D.自然环境因素3.“全面二胎”政策的实施对我国可能产生的影响是（）A.解决人口老龄化问题B.家庭负担持续加重C.出生人口性别比上升D.有利于扩大内需【答案】1.B 2.A 3.D【解析】【分析】主要考查我国人口特征。
【1题详解】2010年我国自然增长率低于1%，为现代型，主要特点是低出生率、低死亡率、低自然增长率，B正确。
【2题详解】1982年以来，中国进行改革开放，城乡差距增大，中国农村人口大量迁入城市主要是为了增加收入，提高生活水平。
A正确。
【3题详解】“全面二胎”政策实施，缓解了人口老龄化问题而不是解决，A错误。
“全面二胎”政策实施，家庭负担可能会加重，但不一定持续加重，B错误。
“全面二胎”政策实施不会促使出生人口性别比上升，C错误。
“全面二胎”政策实施后，会导致人口增加，有利于扩大内需，D正确．【点睛】本题难度较小，解题的关键是从题干中获取信息并调用相关知识进行解答．空巢家庭是指老人独居的一种现象，目前我国城乡家庭空巢率超过5成。
2016年1月我国全面放开一对夫妇可生育两个孩子政策，积极开展应对人口老龄化行动。
完成下列各题。
4.近年来，我国空巢家庭迅速增加的根本原因是A.城乡差距B.家庭原因C.计划生育D.个人原因5.全面放开二孩的人口政策给我国社会经济发展带来的长远影响不正确的是A.缓解空巢家庭不断增加趋势B.导致人口增长率持续上升C.缓解劳动人口比重减少趋势D.有利于扩大内需6.下列哪种人口增长模式常出现人口老龄化A.原始型B.传统型C.传统型向现代型的过渡D.现代型7.几千年以来，世界人口增长“缓慢→加快→迅速”的过程，证明了人口增长的快慢归根结底取决于A.医疗卫生条件B.妇女就业状况C.生活风俗习惯D.生产力发展水平【答案】4.A 5.B 6.D7.D【解析】【4题详解】随着社会经济的发展，城市化和工业化的发展，城市对劳动力的需求越来越大，城市中有较多的就业机会，较高收入，因此农村大量的青壮年劳动力涌向城市，在农村出现了许多空巢家庭。
因此我国空巢家庭迅速增加的根本原因是城乡差距，A正确。
老年人口需要照顾，目前我国城乡家庭空巢率超过5成，因此个人原因与家庭原因并不是形成空巢的根本原因。
故B 项、D项均错误。
计划生育是造成我国人口老龄化加剧的主要原因。
C项错误。
故选A。
【5题详解】全面放开二孩的人口政策，一对夫妇可以生育两个小孩，夫妻独居现象会减少，可以缓解空巢家庭不断增加趋势。
故A正确。
全面放开二孩的人口政策会使短期的人口增加，不会导致人口增长率持续上升。
故B错误。
全面放开二孩的人口政策，会使出生率增加，可以缓解劳动人口比重减少趋势。
故C正确。
全面放开二孩的人口政策，生育二孩会增加家庭消费，有利于扩大内需。
故D正确。
根据题意要求选择不正确的选项，因此符合要求的应是B。
故选B。
【6题详解】现代型老年人口占比大，人口老龄化程度高，D项正确。
原始型死亡率高，人均寿命短，人口老龄化程度低。
A项错误。
传统型死亡率降低，但出生率高，人口老龄化程度低。
B项错误。
传统型向现代型的过渡，死亡率降低，自然增长率较大，老龄人口基数小，人口老龄化程度低。
C项错误。
故选D。
【7题详解】在原始社会，生产力水平极其低下，世界人口增长缓慢；到农业社会，生产力水平提高，世界人口增长加快；到工商业社会，生产力水平迅速提高，世界人口增长也十分迅速，所以，几千年以来，世界人口增长“缓慢→加快→迅速”的过程，证明了人口增长的快慢归根结底取决于生产力发展水平，D正确。
医疗卫生条件会影响人口的增长，但是，医疗卫生条件的改善是受生产力水平的影响，所以，医疗卫生条件不是影响人口增长快慢的根本原因，A错误。
妇女就业状况、生活风俗习惯对人口增长快慢影响不大，BC错误。
故选D。
【点睛】人口增长模式转变的根本原因是生产力水平的提高。
下图为我国某省近三十年来四个年份的人口年龄构成示意图。
读下图，完成下面小题。
8.四个年份的先后顺序是()A.①②③④B.④③②①C.③②①④D.④①②③9.年份④的人口年龄结构对经济发展的影响主要是A.人口年龄结构合理促进经济发展B.人口增长过快制约经济发展C.劳动力不足制约经济发展D.老年人口太多制约经济发展【答案】8.D9.B【解析】该题考查我国人口年龄结构的变化及其对社会经济发展的影响。
【8题详解】采用人口三角形坐标统计图的判读方法，读取各点代表的4个年份不同年龄段人口的比重，然后比较同一年龄段在不同年份的比重大小，新中国成立以来，随着时间推移我国60岁及以上年龄段的人口比重越来越大(或0～14岁人口的比重逐渐减少)，据此可判断先后顺序为④①②③。
故选D。
【9题详解】根据图示信息可知，年份④0～14岁人口占36%左右，60岁及以上人口占4%左右，15～59岁人口约占60%，说明该年份少年儿童比重较大，人口增长较快，制约经济发展，B正确，A 错误。
15～59岁人口占比大，劳动力充足，C错误；60岁及以上人口占比小，老年人口少，D错误。
故选B。
读“影响人口迁移的主要因素示意图”，完成下列各题。
10.我国东南沿海地区吸引大量民工迁入的主要原因是：A.①B.②C.③D.⑥11.导致美国老年人口从东北部向西部、南部“阳光地带”迁移的主要原因是:A.①B.②C.④D.⑥【答案】10.C11.A【解析】我国东南沿海地区经济发达，收入较高，吸引大量民工迁入的主要原因是经济收入。
美国东北部纬度较高，气候冷湿。
导致美国老年人口从东北部向西部、南部阳光地带迁移的主要原因是气候。
【10题详解】我国东南沿海地区经济发达，收入较高，吸引大量民工迁入的主要原因是③，C对。
①是气候，②是资源，⑥是婚姻家庭，不是民工大量迁入的主要原因，A、B、D错。
【11题详解】美国东北部纬度较高，气候冷湿。
导致美国老年人口从东北部向西部、南部阳光地带迁移的主要原因是气候①，A对。
②是资源，④是政策，⑥是婚姻家庭，不是老年人口迁移的主要原因，B、C、D错。
甘肃省的永泰曾是宜居古城，近几十年来，由于水资源匮乏、土地沙化和盐渍化、森林覆盖率急剧下降，城中的居民不得不外迁。
据此完成下题。
12.导致永泰城中居民外迁的主要因素是A.经济因素B.政治因素C.社会文化因素D.生态环境因素13.永泰城中居民外迁，说明当地制约环境人口容量的首要因素是A.人口的精神生活需求B.人口的生活消费水平C.资源状况D.人口的智力及技术条件14.关于北京人口容量的叙述，正确的是①北京人口数量不断增长，已超过人口合理容量②北京的人口合理容量大于环境承载力③北京人口合理容量与大众消费水平无关④北京环境承载力的提高依赖于地区开放程度的提高A.③④B.①④C.②③D.①③【答案】12.D13.C14.B【解析】【12题详解】据题干材料“近几十年来，由于水资源匮乏、土地沙化和盐渍化、森林覆盖率急剧下降，城中的居民不得不外迁。
”可知，导致永泰城中居民外迁的主要因素是生态环境因素，D正确。
经济因素、政治因素和社会文化因素均不是导致永泰城中居民外迁的主要因素，ABC错误。
故选D。
【13题详解】材料显示由于水资源匮乏、环境恶化导致人口外迁，A错误。
当地人口的生活消费水平较低，B错误。
水资源匮乏、环境恶化导致人口外迁，说明制约当地人口容量的主要因素是资源状况，C正确。
人口的智力及技术条件不属于影响环境人口容量的因素，D错误。
故选C。
【14题详解】北京的人口数量已经超过环境人口合理容量，①正确。
北京的人口合理容量不可能大于环境承载力，②错误。
北京人口合理容量与大众消费水平有关，③错误。
北京的地区开放程度提高，使北京的环境承载力的提高，④正确。
B①④正确，ACD错误。
故选B。
【点睛】制约环境人口容量的因素：资源（首要因素）、科技水平、地区开放程度、消费水平等。
伴随着城市化进程的加快，我国广大农村人口大规模地向城市流动，导致了农村“人口空心化”，也使农村耕地低效益趋势越来越突出。
为提高农业收益，各地政府纷纷采取措施，鼓励耕地流转。
据此完成下面小题。
15.上述材料对农村“人口空心化”最科学的表述是（）A.男性比例降低B.女性比例降低C.青壮年比例降低D.村中心人口减少16.“人口空心化”引起的耕地低效益趋势主要表现在（）①播种面积减小②机械化水平下降③农药用量增加④耕地资源严重浪费A.①②B.②③C.③④D.①④17.推测耕地流转将会带来的变化是（）A.农产品种类更加丰富B.农业生产走向专业化C.农产品价格波动加大D.人口大量向农村回流【答案】15.C16.D17.B【解析】本题考查人口流动对农村的影响、农村人口迁移对农村产生的影响和耕地流转产生的影响。
【15题详解】由题意知，农村“人口空心化”是指农村的青壮年劳动力到城市务工，故最科学的表述是指农村青壮年比例降低，而不是男性比例降低、女性比例降低、村中心人口减少，C对，ABD 错。
故选C。
【16题详解】农村青壮年劳动力到城市打工导致农村劳动力短缺，作物播种面积减小，①对；机械化水平会提高，②错；农药用量增加与耕地低效益无关，③错；农业技术进步会比较缓慢，④对。
综上，ABC错，D对。
故选D。
【17题详解】耕地流转将会带来某种农作物种植规模的扩大，专业生产程度会提高，B对；农产品的种类不一定丰富，A错；市场预测会更准确，农产品价格波动减小，C错；农村劳动力会得到更大程度的解放，人口依然会流向城市，D错。
故选B。
读“木桶效应图”，读下图回答下列各题。
18.根据“木桶效应”，如果各块木板代表不同的资源种类，那么上图决定环境人口容量的是（）。
A.森林资源B.矿产资源C.土地资源D.水资源19.下列能增加人口合理容量的有效措施有。
①提高资源利用效率②发展新能源③控制人口的死亡率④实行计划生育A.①②B.①③C.②④D.③④20.制约环境人口容量的首要因素是A.科技发展水平B.资源C.对外开放程度D.文化和生活消费水平【答案】18.A19.A20.B【解析】【分析】【18题详解】环境人口容量简单的说，就是环境所能容纳的最大人口数。