在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句
宾语从句的知识点总结
宾语从句的知识点总结
宾语从句的学问点总结 1.在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。宾语从句的引导词和主 语从句的引导词相同。宾语从句可以作及物动词的宾语,作短语动词的宾
地方去度假? 4.宾语从句:介词的宾语 Iamcuriousastowhattheyaregoingtodonext. 我对他们下一步准备做什么很感兴趣。
Idontsupposeyoureusedtothisdiet.=Isupposeyouarentusedtothisdiet. 我想你不习惯这种饮食。
树上。 Haveyoudecidedwhereyouwillgoforaholiday?你有没有确定到什么
Ididntexpectshewouldpasstheentranceexamination.=Iexpectedshewou
语,介词的宾语。
Thetwinsistersdifferonlyinthatoneisabitfatterthantheotherone.
2.宾语从句:短语动词 Pleasegoandfindoutwhenthetrainwillarrive.请去弄清晰火车什么 时候到。 HisteacherpointedoutthatTomhadntstudiedhardenough. 老师指出汤姆学习不够努力。
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ldntpasstheentranceexamination.我以为她不能通过入学考试。 6.虚拟语气:宾语从句 一些含有假设、猜测、建议等意思的动词后面的宾语从句要用 should+
原形动词结构,should 往往可以省略。这类动词re,insist,order,propose,re quire,request,suggest 等。
宾语从句用法详解
宾语从句用法详解在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。
宾语从句分为三类:动词的宾语从句,介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句。
一、宾语从句用法宾语从句的时态:1.主句用一般现在时,从句可用任意时态。
可归纳为“主现从不现”2.主句用过去时,从句用过去某个时态。
可归纳为“主过从句过”3.主句用过去时,从句是科学真理、客观常识、名人格言时用一般现在时。
4.情态动词could/would用于,“请求”,表示委婉、客气的语气时,从句不受主句的约束。
宾语从句的连接词从属连词连接宾语从句的从属连词主要有that, if, whether.that引导表示陈述句的宾语从句,if和whether,whether...or not引导表示“是否”的一般疑问句的宾语从句.He told me (that )he would go to college the next year他告诉我他明年上大学.I don't know if there will be a bus any more.我不知道是否还会有公交车.Nobody knew whether he could pass the exam.没有人知道他是否会通过考试.who,whom,whose,what,whoever,whomever,whosever,whatever,whichever等.连接代词一般指疑问,但what,whatever除了指疑问外,也可以指陈述.Do you know who has won Red Alert game你知道是谁赢得了红色警戒的游戏么?The book will show you what the best CEOs should know.这本书会告诉你最好的执行总裁该了解什么.Have you determined whichever you should buy, a Motorola or Nokia cell phone 你决定好是买诺基亚还是摩托罗拉的电话了吗.连接副词when,where,why,how,whenever,wherever,however等.He didn't tell me when we should meet again.他没有告诉我什么时候我们能再见面.Could you please tell me how you use the new panel你能告诉我怎么用这个新的操作盘吗None of us knows where these new parts can be bought.没有人知道这些的新的零件能在哪里买到.二、动词的宾语从句大多数及物动词都可以带宾语从句We all expect (that )they will win, for members of their team are stronger.我们都预料他们会赢,因为他们的队员更强壮.He told us (that)they would help us through the whole work.他告诉我们在整个工作中,他们都会帮忙的.部分“动词+副词”结构也可以带宾语从句I have found out (that)all the tickets for the concert have been sold out.我发现这场音乐会的所有票都卖光了.Can you work out (that)how much we will spend during the trip你能计算出这次旅行我们将花费多少钱吗动词短语也可以带宾语从句常见的这些词有:make sure确保make up one's mind下决心keep in mind牢记Make sure that there are no mistakes in your papers before you turn them in.当你在上交试卷前确保没有任何错误.可运用形式宾语it代替的宾语从句①动词find,feel,consider,make,believe等后面有宾语补足语的时候,则需要用it做形式宾语而将that宾语从句后置.I think it necessary that we take plenty of hot water every day .我认为每天多喝开水是有必要的.-together. I feel it a pity that I haven't been to the get我没去聚会,感觉非常遗憾.I have made it a rule that I keep diaries.我每天写日记成了习惯.We all find it important that we (should) make a quick decision about this matter.我们都认为对这件事马上做出决定很重要.②有些动词带宾语从句时需要在宾语与从句前加it这类动词主要有:hate,take,owe,have,see to.I hate it when they say with their mouths full of food.我讨厌他们满嘴食物时说话.He will have it that our plan is really practical.他会认为我们的计划确实可行.We take it that you will agree with us.我们认为你会同意我们的.When you start the engine,you must see to it that car is in neutral.开启发动机时,一定要使汽车的离合器处于空挡位置.③若宾语从句是wh-类,则不可用it代替We all consider what you said to be unbelievable.我们都认为你所说的是不可信的.We discovered what we had learned to be valuable.我们发现我们所学到的东西都是有价值的.三、介词的宾语从句用whether之类的介词宾语从句:We are talking about whether we admit students into our club.我们正在讨论是否让学生加入我们的俱乐部.The new book is about how Shenzhou 6 manned spaceship was sent up into space.这本新书是关于神州6号载人航天飞船是如何升入太空的.用that,if引导的介词宾语从句有时候except,but,besides三个介词后可见到that引导的宾语从句I know nothing about my new neighbor except that he used to work with a company.. 对于我的新邻居我只知道他曾在一家公司上班,其他一无所知四、形容词的宾语从句常用来引导宾语从句的形容词有:sure,certain,glad,please,happy,sorry,afraid,satisfied,surprisedI am sure I will pass the exam.我确信我会通过考试.I am sorry that I have troubled you so long.很抱歉我这么长时间在打扰你.He is glad that Li Ming went to see him when he was ill.他很高兴在他生病的时候李明能去看望他.五、if与whether①if和whether在作“是否”解时,引导宾语从句常放在动词know,ask,care,wonder,find out等之后,介词后一般不用if②少数动词,如:leave,put,discuss,doubt后的宾语从句常用whether.③whether后可以加or not,但是if不可以.④在不定式前只能用whether.(如:I can't decide whether to stay. 我不能决定是否留下。
宾语从句专项讲解及练习(有答案)
宾语从句专项讲解及练习(有答案)宾语从句一、基本概念定义:在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。
二、宾语从句分类动词的宾语从句e.g.He asked whose handwriting was the best.介词的宾语从句e.g.It depends on whether it is going to rain.形容词的宾语从句,即系词+心理状态形容词+宾语e.g I am afraid that he can't finish the work.三、宾语从句用法详解1.宾语从句的语序宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序。
即主语+谓语的顺序。
如:I hear (that) physics isn’t easy.I think (that) you will like this school soon.Can you tell me how I can get to zoo?Please tell me when we’ll hav e the meeting.注意:在宾语从句中带有特殊疑问词但句序不变的句子:What’s the matter?What’s your trouble?What’s your problem?What’s up?What’s your name?典型例题1.Can you tell me ____?A .whom do we have to see B. whom we have to see2. The teacher asked the students ____.A. what they were doingB. what were they doing3. She wants to know____.A. where does he liveB. Where he lives4. Her father asked _____.A. who the tallest isB. who is the tallest5.Do you know ____?A. what is on the desk B . what on the desk is答案:BABBA2.宾语从句的时态1). 若主句时态是一般现在时,宾语从句该用什么时态就用什么时态。
宾语从句,定语从句10
宾语从句,定语从句一、宾语从句在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫宾语从句。
He said he was good at drawing. (动词宾语)Miss Zhang is angry at what you said. (介词宾语)1.宾语从句的引导词2.宾语从句的语序宾语从句一定要用陈述语序:引导词+主语+谓语+其它Could you tell me where is the bus station? (×)Could you tell me where the bus station is? (√)3.宾语从句的时态①当主句中的谓语动词是一般现在时态,宾语从句中的时态不受主句影响,从句的谓语动词可根据需要,选用相应的任何时态。
I don't know when he will come back.He tells me that his sister came back yesterday.②当主句中的谓语动词是一般过去式,宾语从句的谓语动词只可根据需要,选用过去时态即一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时或过去完成时的某一种形式。
The children didn't know who he was.He asked me if I had turned off the light.They said they were playing games at this time yesterday.③如果宾语从句所表达的内容是客观真理或客观事实时,从句中动词的时态不受主句的谓语动词时态的限制,都用一般现在时。
The teacher said that the earth moves round the sun.4.宾语从句的否定转移在主从复合句中,当主句的主语为第一人称,谓语动词是think,believe,suppose 等时,要将从句的否定词转移到主句中,即主句的谓语动词用否定形式,而从句的谓语动词用肯定形式。
初中英语语法宾语、定语、状语从句总结
初中英语语法宾语、定语、状语从句总结- 1 -宾语从句一、定义在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。
二、连接词that: I think that you can pass the exam.Whether/if: I don’t know what the word means.“Wh”: I don’t know what the word means.I don’t know where he found the book.只用whether的情况:1. 与or not连用:I don’t know whether it’s raining or not.2. 与动词不定式连用:He doesn’t know whether to accept the invitation.3. 连接词前有介词时:It depends>三、时态1. 主句是一般现在时态,从句根据实际情况而定(各种时态均可) She wants to know what he has done for the exam.2.主句是一般过去时态,从句用相应的过去的时态。
1)She said that she was a student.2)She said that she would fly to Japan in a week.3)She said that she had finished her homework already.3. 如果宾语从句说的是客观真理、自然现象或事实时,这时宾语从句要用一般现在时态。
The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.- 2 -定语从句一、定义在复合句中修饰名词、代词的从句叫定语从句。
二、先行词先行词指人who /that先行词指物which/ that定语从句一般紧跟被修饰的名词或代词(即先行词)后三、关系代词关系代词代替先行词在句子中担当成分,所以从句中不可再出现其他代替先行词的代词四、翻译方法“….的”Whom: 先行词指人,则代替先行词在定语从句中充当宾语(包括介词的宾语), 与who的区别是如果前面带介词则必须用whom1. This is the teacher whomwho we like best.2. I don’t like the boy to whom you are talking.Whose : 指人或物,作定语,表示“…的”eg: Harry is the boy whose mother is our math teacher.关系代词只能that 的特殊情况:1.先行词前有序数词修饰时:This is the first gift that my parents bought me.2.先行词前有形容词最高级修饰时:This is the most exciting film that I have ever seen.3. 先行词是不定代词something, anything等时.e.g. Is there anything that you want in this shop4. 先行词是人和物时, 用that.e.g. He talked about some writers and books that were unknown to us all.5. 先行词被all , little , the>e.g. This is the last place that I want to visit.6. 特殊疑问句以who 或which 开头,只能用that引导.Who is the girl that is making a speech>当关系代词前使用介词时:物+介词+which ; 人+ 介词+ whom当关系代词前使用介词时:e.g. 1. This is the train by which we went to Beijing.2. This is the teacher to whom my mother is talking.- 3 -状语从句一、定义在复合句中由从句表示的状语称作状语从句,它可以用来修饰谓语(包括非谓语动词)、定语或状语,或是整个句子。
初中英语知识点总结:宾语从句
初中英语知识点总结:宾语从句在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。
学习宾语从句要抓住三要素:引导词、语序和时态。
1.从句为陈述句,常选择引导词that,that引导宾语从句无意义,不充当句子成分常省略。
例句:He told us they would help us through the whole work.2.从句为一般疑问句,常选择引导词if或whether,表示“是否”。
在whether … or not 结构中不能用if 替换。
例句:I don’t know if t here will be a bus any more.3. 从句为特殊疑问句,常选择what,when,where,which,who,how等的疑问代词、副词作引导词。
例句:He didn’t tell me when we should meet again.1.主句是一般现在时,从句可以为各种时态。
2.主句是一般过去时,从句要用相应过去时态。
注意:从句描绘客观事实、真理、自然现象等,从句时态不受主句时态限制,仍用一般现在时。
例句:He answered that he was listening to me.Father told me that practice makes perfect .陈述句语序,就是主语在前,谓语动词在后。
错误:He is wondering when can he finish this difficult job.正确:He is wondering when he can finish this difficult job.注意:宾语从句的否定转移主句的谓语动词是think,believe,imagine,suppose,consider,expect,fancy,guess等,并且主句的主语是第一人称而且为一般现在时,从句的否定词一般要转移到主句上来,其反义疑问句一般与宾语从句一致。
宾语从句
宾语从句(一)宾语从句的概念在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。
(二)宾语从句的句子结构:1.I know him . (简单句)主语谓语宾语2. I know who he is . (复杂句)主语谓语连词从句主语从句谓语3.主句 +连词(引导词)+ 宾语从句(三).连词(引导词)连词:1.连接代词(that,who,whom,what,which)2.连接副词(when,where,why,how)3.从属连词(if,whether)由一般疑问句转变而来的宾语从句,用if或whether引导.1. 当宾语从句是陈述句时(包括肯定句和否定句),连词由that引导,因为that在从句中不作任何成分,也没有任何具体意思,因此在口语或非正式文体中常省略Lin Tao feels (that) his own team is even better.She says (that) she won’t take part in the sports meeting next Sunday.Jim thought (that) the train was like a big moving party. He said (that) he would like to see the headmaster .2. 当宾语从句是一般疑问句时,由连词whether或if引导(口语中常用if),因为if/whether可翻译成:“是否”,具有一定的意义,所以不能省略。
Lily wanted to know if /whether her grandma liked the handbag.Let’s see if /whether we can find out some information about that city.She asked me if /whether she could borrow these books.3. 当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时,由连接代词(what, who, whom, which, whose)或连接副词(when, where, how, why)引导,因为连接代词或连接副词在从句中担任一定的句子成分,具有一定的意义,所以不可以省略Do you know what he said just now ?I don’t remember when we arrived .I asked him where I could get so much money .Please tell me who (whom) we have to see .Do you know what time the plane leaves ?(四).宾语从句可分为三类A.动词的宾语从句1大多数动词都可以带宾语从句例:He told us that they would help us through the whole work.2部分“动词+副词”结构也可以带宾语从句例:I have found out that all the tickets for the concert havebeen sold out.我发现这场音乐会的所有票都卖光了.3动词短语也可以带宾语从句常见的这些词有:make sure确保 make up one’s mind下决心 keep in mind牢记例:Make sure that there are no mistakes in your papers before youturn them in.4可运用形式宾语it代替的宾语从句①词find,feel,consider,make,believe等后面有宾语补足语的时候,则需要用it做形式宾语而将that宾语从句后置.I think it necessary that we take plenty of hot water everyday . 我认为每天多喝开水是有必要的.②有些动词带宾语从句时需要在宾语与从句前加it这类动词主要有:hate, take , owe, have, see to.I hate it when they with their mouths full of food.我讨厌他们满嘴食物时说话.③若宾语从句是wh-类,则不可用it代替We all consider what you said to be unbelievable.我们都认为你所说的是不可信的.B.介词的宾语从句1.用wh-类的介词宾语从句例:We are talking about whether we admit students into our club.我们正在讨论是否让学生加入我们的俱乐部.2.用that,if引导的介词宾语从句有时候except,but,besides三个介词后可见到that引导的宾语从句例:I know nothing about my new neighbor except that he used to work with a company.对于我的新邻居我只知道他曾在一家公司上班,其他一无所知.C.形容词的宾语从句用来引导宾语从句的形容词有: sure,certain,glad,please,happy,sorry,afraid,satisfied,surprised例:I am sure I will pass the exam.我确信我会通过考试.(五).宾语从句的时态1. 如果主句是现在的时态(包括一般现在时,现在进行时,现在完成时),从句的时态可根据实际情况而定。
定语从句 宾语从句 状语从句
宾语从句:在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。
宾语从句分为三类:动词的宾语从句,介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句。
定语从句:在句中做定语,修饰一个名词或代词,被修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词。
定语从句通常出现在先行词之后,由关系词(关系代词或关系副词)引出。
状语从句:状语从句指句子用作状语时,起副词作用的句子。
它可以修饰谓语、非谓语动词、定语、状语或整个句子。
根据其作用可分为时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、结果、让步、方式和比较等从句。
状语从句一般由连词(从属连词)引导,也可以由词组引起。
从句位于句首或句中时通常用逗号与主句隔开,位于句尾时可以不用逗号隔开。
定语从句,宾语从句及状语从句区别如下:
1、作用不同
定语从句修饰先行词;宾语从句作宾语,是动作的承受者;状语从句给主句增加信息量。
2、词性不同
定语从句一般做形容词使用;宾语从句做名词使用,一般可以是事物,也可以是人物;状语一般做副词使用,起副词作用。
3、位置不同
定语从句一般放在它所修饰的先行词的后面;宾语从句放在动词或介词后面;状语从句一般放在句后。
英语中的各种从句
英语中的各种从句一、名词性从句1. 宾语从句- 概念- 在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫宾语从句。
它可以作谓语动词的宾语,也可以作介词的宾语等。
例如:I think (that) he is a good student.(that引导的从句作think的宾语);He is interested in what I said.(what引导的从句作介词in的宾语)- 引导词- that:无实际意义,在从句中不充当任何成分,可省略(在非正式文体中)。
例如:She said (that) she would come.- if/whether:表示“是否”,在从句中不充当成分。
例如:I don't know if/whether he will come.- 连接代词(what, who, whom, whose, which等):在从句中充当主语、宾语、表语或定语等成分。
例如:I don't know what he wants.(what在从句中作宾语);Who will be our monitor hasn't been decided yet.(who在从句中作主语)- 连接副词(when, where, why, how等):在从句中作状语。
例如:I wonder when he will arrive.(when在从句中作时间状语)- 语序- 宾语从句要用陈述语序,即“连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分”。
例如:He asked me where I was going. 而不是He asked me where was I going.- 时态- 如果主句是一般现在时,从句可以根据实际情况使用任何时态。
例如:I know that he went to Beijing yesterday.(从句用一般过去时);I know that he will come tomorrow.(从句用一般将来时)- 如果主句是一般过去时,从句要用相应的过去时态(一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时、过去完成时)。
初中英语宾语从句知识点归纳
初中英语宾语从句知识点归纳一、定义:在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。
宾语从句分为三类:动词的宾语从句、介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句。
二、时态:1. 如果主句是现在时,宾语从句不受限制,即可以使用任何时态。
2. 如果主句是过去时,宾语从句通常使用相应的过去时态(一般过去时或过去进行时)。
但需注意,如果宾语从句表示的是客观真理或自然现象,即使主句是过去时,宾语从句仍使用一般现在时。
三、语序:在宾语从句中,句子必须保持陈述句的语序。
即主语在前,谓语在后。
四、连接词:1. 连接词that引导宾语从句时,在句子中不充当成分,通常可以省略。
2. 连接词if/whether引导宾语从句时,表示“是否”之意,在句子中不充当成分。
if/whether不能省略。
3. 连接词what引导宾语从句时,表示“什么”之意。
what可以在句子中作主语、表语或宾语,不能省略。
4. 连接词when/where/why引导宾语从句时,分别表示“何时”、“何处”、“为何”之意。
when/where/why可以在句子中作表语或补足语,不能省略。
5. 连接词how引导宾语从句时,表示“如何”之意。
how可以在句子中作状语或表语,不能省略。
五、注意事项:1. 当主句是将来时或表示意愿时,宾语从句要用一般现在时表将来。
例如:I will tell him when the meeting starts.(我会告诉他会议何时开始)。
2. 当宾语从句表示客观事实或普遍真理时,即使主句是过去时,宾语从句也用一般现在时。
例如:The teacher said that the earth is round.(老师说过地球是圆的)。
必考宾语从句知识点
考点名称:宾语从句∙宾语从句:在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。
宾语从句分为三类:动词的宾语从句,介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句。
宾语从句连接代词主要有:who, whom ,whose ,what ,whoever ,whomever ,whosever, whatever, whichever 等。
∙宾语从句的特点:1.宾语从句可以作及物动词、介词及形容词的宾语。
2.宾语从句的语序一律用陈述句语序。
3.连接词that引导宾语从句在句中无词义,不充当句子成份,多数情况下可以省略。
4.whether 和if 都可引导宾语从句,但whether后可紧跟or not;whether从句可作介词的宾语。
5.如果从句太长,可以用形式宾语it.宾语从句的时态:1.主句是一般现在时,从句根据实际情况使用任何时态。
例句:The headmaster hopes everything goes well.2.主句是过去时态,从句须用过去时态的某种形式。
例句:She was sorry that she hadn’t finished her work on time.3.当宾语从句表示的是一个客观真理或者事实时,即使主句是过去时,从句也用一般现在时态。
例句:The teacher told his class that light travels faster than sound.4. 如果从句的动作发生在主句之前,则从句要用过去完成时态。
宾语从句的语序:A. 宾语从句必须用陈述语序。
False: He is wondering when can he finish this difficult job.Right: He is wondering when he can finish this difficult job.B. 有时候可以用it 作形式宾语,而把真正的宾语从句放在后面。
Bad: I thought that he could finish this job in just two hours impossible. Good: I thought it impossible that he could finish this job in just two hours.C. 带有宾语从句的复合句的否定形式一般是否定主句。
从句归纳 区分定语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句
从句小结从句总述:从句有主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句、定语从句和状语从句6类。
由于主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句及同位语从句在句子的功用相当于名词,故而这4种从句又通称名词性从句。
1.主语从句(Subject Clause):用作主语的从句叫主语从句。
引导主语从句的关联词有从属连词、疑问代词、疑问副词、缩合连接代词、缩合连接副词等。
2.表语从句(Predicative Clause):用作表语的从句叫表语从句。
引导表语从句的关联词与引导主语从句的关联词大都一样。
3.宾语从句(Object Clause):在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句.宾语从句分为三类:动词的宾语从句,介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句.4. 同位语从句(Appositive Clause):在复合句中用作同位语的从句叫同位语从句。
它一般跟在某些名词后面,用以说明该名词表示的具体内容。
其关联词多为that。
状语从句还可以分为条件状语从句、原因状语从句、方位状语从句和时间状语从句等。
宾语从句学习宾语从句要抓住三要素:时态、语序、连接词。
一:时态和语序1·主句用一般现在时,从句可用任意时态。
2·主句用过去时,从句用过去某个时态。
3·主句用过去时,从句是真理时,只用一般现在时。
语序:宾语从句只能用陈述句语序,坚决不能用疑问句语序。
二:连接词①从属连词连接宾语从句的从属连词主要有that,if,whether. that引导表示陈述句的宾语从句,而if和whether引导表示“是否”的宾语从句.例句:He told that he would go to the college the next year他告诉我他下一年上大学.I don’t know if there will be a bus any more.我不知道是否还会有公交车.②连接代词连接代词主要有who, whom ,whose ,what ,whoever ,whomever ,whosever, whatever, whichever等.连接代词一般指疑问,但what, whatever除了指疑问外,也可以指陈述.例句:Do you know who has won Red Alert game?你知道谁赢了这一局红警游戏吗?③连接副词连接副词主要有when,where,why,how,whenever,wherever,however等.例句:He didn’t tell me when we should meet again.他没有告诉我什么时候我们能再见面.三:动词的宾语从句We all expect that they will win , for members of their team are stronger.我们都预料他们会赢,因为他们的队员更强壮.I have found out that all the tickets for the concert have been sold out.我发现这场音乐会的所有票都卖光了.make sure确保make up one’s mind下决心keep in mind牢记例句:Make sure that there are no mistakes in your papers before you turn them in.在上交试卷前确保没有任何错误.四:可运用形式宾语it代替的宾语从句①动词find,feel,consider,make,believe等后面有宾语补足语的时候,则需要用it做形式宾语而将that宾语从句后置.例句:I think it necessary that we take plenty of hot water every day .我认为每天多喝开水是有必要的.I feel it a pity that I haven’t been to the get-together.我没去聚会,感觉非常遗憾.②有些动词带宾语从句时寻要在宾语与从句前加it这类动词主要有:hate, take , owe, have, see to.例句:I hate it when they with their mouths full of food.我讨厌他们满嘴食物时说话.五:介词的宾语从句用wh-类的介词宾语从句例句:We are talking about whether we admit students into our club.我们正在讨论是否让学生加入我们的俱乐部.I know nothing about my new neighbor except that he used to work with a company.对于我的新邻居我只知道他曾在一家公司上班,其他一无所知.六:形容词的宾语从句一般来说形容词不能带宾语,更不能带宾语从句。
宾语从句事态
宾语从句事态宾语从句的时态:在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句. ... 1.主句用一般现在时,从句可用任意时态。
2.主句用过去时,从句用过去某个时态。
3.主句用过去时,从句是真理时,只用一般现在时。
1. 无需呼应的情况:若主句谓语动词的时态为现在时或将来时,宾语从句的谓语动词可根据句意的需要使用任何所需要的时态。
如:He knows where they live. 他知道他们住哪里。
No one knows where he was born. 没有人知道他出生于何地。
Tom sa ys that he’ll never get married. 汤姆说他永远不结婚。
2. 主句为过去时的情况:若主句谓语动词为过去时,宾语从句的谓语动词应用相应的过去时态。
如:She asked me if I’d slept well. 她问我睡得好不好。
I didn’t know whether they liked the place. 我不知道他们是否喜欢这个地方。
He said he was going to accompany her home. 他说他将陪她回家。
当主句谓语动词为过去时,即使宾语从句所表示的时间是现在,通常也用过去时。
如:Oh! I didn’t know you were here. 啊! 我不知道你在这里。
(you were here指说话的当时)Hello! I didn’t know you were in London. How long have you been here? 你好! 我不知道你在伦敦。
你来这里多久了? (you were in London其实是指说话的当时)当然,为避免误会,我们也可以直接使用现在时态或将来时态来表示现在或将来要发生的情况,而无需考虑与主句谓语的过去时相呼应。
如:She said she’ll be back tonight. 她说她今晚回来。
初中英语宾语从句、定语从句语法小结
初中英语宾语从句、定语从句语法小结宾语从句一、定义在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。
二、连接词that: I think that you can pass the exam.Whether/if: I don’t know what the word means.“Wh”: I don’t know what the word means.I don’t know where he found the book.只用whether的情况:1. 与or not连用:I don’t know whether it’s raining or not.2. 与动词不定式连用:He doesn’t know whether to accept the invitation.3. 连接词前有介词时:It depends on whether he is coming.三、时态1. 主句是一般现在时态,从句根据实际情况而定(各种时态均可) She wants to know what he has done for the exam.2.主句是一般过去时态,从句用相应的过去的时态。
1)She said that she was a student.2)She said that she would fly to Japan in a week.3)She said that she had finished her homework already.3. 如果宾语从句说的是客观真理、自然现象或事实时,这时宾语从句要用一般现在时态。
The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.定语从句一、定义在复合句中修饰名词、代词的从句叫定语从句。
二、先行词先行词指人who /that先行词指物which/ that定语从句一般紧跟被修饰的名词或代词(即先行词)后三、关系代词关系代词代替先行词在句子中担当成分,所以从句中不可再出现其他代替先行词的代词四、翻译方法“….的”Whom: 先行词指人,则代替先行词在定语从句中充当宾语(包括介词的宾语), 与who的区别是如果前面带介词则必须用whom1. This is the teacher whomwho we like best.2. I don’t like the boy to whom you are talking.Whose : 指人或物,作定语,表示“…的”eg: Harry is the boy whose mother is our math teacher.关系代词只能that 的特殊情况:1.先行词前有序数词修饰时:This is the first gift that my parents bought me.2.先行词前有形容词最高级修饰时:This is the most exciting film that I have ever seen.3. 先行词是不定代词something, anything等时.e.g. Is there anything that you want in this shop4. 先行词是人和物时, 用that.e.g. He talked about some writers and books that were unknown to us all.5. 先行词被all , little , the only , the very(就是,正是), the last 等词修饰时,只能用thate.g. This is the last place that I want to visit.6. 特殊疑问句以who 或which 开头,只能用that引导.Who is the girl that is making a speech on the platform?当关系代词前使用介词时:物+介词+which ; 人+ 介词+ whom当关系代词前使用介词时:e.g. 1. This is the train by which we went to Beijing.2. This is the teacher to whom my mother is talking.。
宾语从句详解及专项练习
宾语从句〔Object Clause〕一、定义与分类1、在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。
2、宾语从句分为三类:动词的宾语从句,介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句.3、时态:a主句用一般现在时,从句可用任意时态。
b主句用过去时,从句用过去某个时态。
c主句用过去时,从句是真理时,只用一般现在时。
二、宾语从句的连接词1、从属连词连接宾语从句的从属连词主要有that,if,whether,在从句中不充当任何句子成分。
that引导表示陈述句的宾语从句,而if和whether引导表示“是否”的宾语从句.Eg:He told me that he would go to the college the next year。
他告诉我他下一年上大学.I don’t know if there will be a bus any more.我不知道是否还会有公交车.Nobody knew whether he could pass the exam.没人知道他是否会通过考试.2、连接代词连接代词主要有who, whom ,whose ,what ,whoever ,whomever ,whosever, whatever, whichever等.连接代词一般指疑问,但what, whatever除了指疑问外,也可以指陈述.在从句中充当名词性成分。
Eg:Do you know who has won Red Alert game?你知道谁赢了这一局红警游戏吗?I don’t know whom you should depend on.我不知道你该依靠谁.The book will show you what the best CEOs know.这本书会告诉你最好的执行总裁该了解些什么.Have you determined whichever you should buy,a Motorola or Nokia cell phone?你决定好是买诺基亚还是摩托罗拉的了吗?3、连接副词连接副词主要有when,where,why,how,whenever,wherever,however等.在从句中充当状语成分。
三大从句之宾语从句
宾语从句:在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。
通俗的说就是一个句子做另一个句子的宾语. 主要跟在及物动词和介词之后。
一般由“引导词+主语+谓语+其它”构成,其语序是陈述句语序。
如何判断:1.可以从整个句式看,宾语从句只能放在主句谓语动词之后。
2.从引导词看。
if充当宾语从句的连接词时,相当于whether,词义为“是否”,when充当宾语从句的连接词时,意为“什么时候”。
3.从时态看。
if和when作连接词时,引导宾语从句要注意:从句的谓语动词的时态应根据主句的时态作相应的变化。
所以宾语从句的三大要素:时态语序引导词前世今生:I know you . you are right.→I know you are right. /I know that you are right.⏹引导词✧that (后面是陈述句) I believe that you are an honest boy.✧what which who I don’t know what they are going to d o.what are they going to do?whose whom Tell me whose PSP it is.(whose PSP is it?)where when Can you tell me where he lives?where does he live?Why how I know why he was late. (why was he late?) (特殊疑问句)✧if / whether(一般疑问句/是否)I want to know if Miss Gao is back.Is Miss Gao back?✧另外,含how的词组也可引导宾语从句。
主要有how old,how many,how much,how long,howoften,how far等。
如:Do you know how old he is?⏹语序:宾语从句的连词后要用陈述句语序。
宾语从句的三大考点
宾语从句(Object Clause)【考点扫描】中考对宾语从句的考查主要集中在以下几个方面:1. 引导宾语从句的连词选择;2. 宾语从句的语序;3. 宾语从句的时态。
4.宾语从句的否定转移考查的主要形式是单项填空、完型填空、短文填空和完成句子。
阅读理解和书面表达肯定也要用到宾语从句。
宾语从句的概念:在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句.考点一:宾语从句的连接词1. that引导宾语从句时,that只起连接作用,不充当句子成分,也没有词义,常可省略。
●I know(that) he is a teacher.2. whether或if引导宾语从句时,whether或if在句中不充当句子成分,意为“是否”,不可省略。
如:●I don’t know whether/ if my parents agree with me.注意:只能用whether不可用if1. 是直接与or not 连用时,表选择时往往用whether}I wonder whether we stay or go. 我想知道我们是去还是留。
2. 在介词之后用whether 。
3. 在不定式前用whether。
whether to do I don't know whether to go. 我不知去否。
4. whether 置于句首时。
Whether this is true or not , I can't say. 这是否是真的我说不上来。
表“如果”条件状语从句时,不能用whether替换I’m wondering if he (come). If he , please call me.Do you know when Kangkang (come).back Could you tell me when he back..3 由连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which和连接副词when, where, why, how引导的宾语从句。
语言知识汇总之宾语从句
中考链接 宾语从句是初中英语语法的重点之一,也是中考命题 的一个热点。根据对历年中考试题的分析,全国有 60%—75%左右的省、市都把对宾语从句的考查作 为命题的首选,而且北京近年来,单项选择最后一 题考查的都是宾语从句。这足以证明中考当中宾语 从句考查的重要性。
We all expect that they will win. The new book is about how Shenzhou 6 manned spaceship was sent up into space.
Keys: 1.that 2. if/whether 3. what 4. whether; or not 5. what 6. was 7. is 8. what 9. whether 10. whether
二、单项选择
1. The teacher said that the earth _______ around the sun.
A. moves C. move
B. moved D. moving
2. Have you decided when _____ for London?
A. will you leave
B. you will leave
you going D. you are going
C. are
3. –Excuse me. Could you tell me ____?
--She asked me why ____.
A. my sister crying
B. my sister was crying
C. is my sister crying
D. was my sister crying
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在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句.宾语从句分为三类:动词的宾语从句,介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句.时态:1.主句用一般现在时,从句可用任意时态。
2.主句用过去时,从句用过去某个时态。
3.主句用过去时,从句是真理时,只用一般现在时。
宾语从句1.肯定句结构:主句+that(可有可无)+肯定句2.一般疑问句结构:主句+if+一般疑问句3.特殊疑问句结构:主句+疑问词+肯定句。
宾语从句的时态1.主现从不限(主句是一般现在时,从句的时态不限)2.主过从四过(主居是一般过去时,从句的时态应是一般过去时、过去完成时、过去将来时或者过去进行时)在复合句中用作宾语的从句叫做宾语从句。
宾语从句是初中英语中最重要的一种从句,它内容完整,句型结构较为复杂,主句和从句时态搭配要求严格,在中考试题中频频出现。
而且学好宾语从句也可为到高中学习间接引语、主语从句、表语从句及同位语从句打下良好的基础。
学习宾语从句并不难,只要你能过好下面的三道关:第一关,选好连接词(也有人叫关联词)。
引导宾语从句的连接词,课本上写有三类,但从学习的角度看分为四类更为实用。
1.连词that:只起连接作用,在从句中不作句子成分,也无词汇意义,在口语中或非正式文体中常被省略。
例如:1)He knew(that)he should work hard.2)I am glad(that)you\'ve passed the exam.2.连词whether或if:它们起连接作用,在从句中不作句子成分,作“是否”解,口语中多用if。
例如:3)Do you know whether he will ride here at 8 tomorrow morning?(注:2002上海市徐汇区中考试题填上答案后的句子。
以下再有这种例句,都为2002年中考题,只写某地。
)4)Tom didn\'t know if/whether his grandpa liked the present.作“是否”解的if和whether在具体用法上差别较大,同学们不易掌握。
在宾语从句中用whether没有用if时受到那么多限制。
例如: 5)He asked me whether or not I was coming.他问我是否要来。
(该句中的whether不能换成if,因为if不能与or连用。
) 3.连接代词who,whom ,whose,what, which:它们起连接作用,作句子成分,各有其自己的意义。
例如:6)The teacher asked the new student which class he was in?(武汉市)(which引导宾语从句,在从句中作定语,修饰class,意为“哪个”。
)7)Can you tell me whom he is waiting for?(天津市)4.连接副词when,where, why,how:起连接作用,分别作时间、地点、原因、方式状语,各有其自己的意义。
例如:8)I wonder where he got so much money.对他从哪里弄到那么多钱我感到疑惑。
(where在从句中作地点状语,修饰got,意为“哪里;什么地方”。
)9 )He didn\'t tell me how old his friend was.(四川省)(how 引导宾语从句,作程度状语,修饰old,意为“怎样;如何”等意。
)第二关,牢记宾语从句的语序是陈述句语序,即“连接词+主语+谓语+其他”。
这里特别强调的是,它的主语和谓语的语序是陈述句的语序,不是疑问句的倒装语序。
例如:10)You must remember what your teacher said.(河南省)11)—Dad,do you know when the football game will start?—In half an hour.(宁波市)12)汉译英:你能不能告诉我,我们去看望谁?误:Can you tell me who(m)do we have to see?正:Can you tell me who(m)we have to see?错句的错误出在宾语从句中误用了疑问句的结构——主语前加了个助动词do。
因为我们已经习惯了特殊疑问句,如W hat time does the plane arrive in Paris?就顺口说出“Do you know what time does the plane arrive in Paris?”这种错误句子来。
但是一旦我们注意了,我们不久就习惯于说“Do you know what time the plane arrives in Paris?”了。
第三关,注意时态的呼应。
宾语从句中谓语动词的时态,常常受主句谓语时态的制约,这种现象称为“时态的呼应”。
例如:13)汉译英:我原以为你今天有空的。
误:I thought(that)you are free today.正:I thought(that)you would be free today.错句中宾语从句用are很可能是因为有 today,但因为主句谓语是thought,所以从句谓语就该用过去将来时would be了。
这种时态的呼应,如果主句谓语是现在时或将来时,宾语从句的谓语时态不受限制,如上述例句2),3),7), 8),10),11),12)。
如果主句时态是过去时,宾语从句一般要随着改为相应的过去时(即一般过去时、过去进行时、过去完成时、过去将来时等)。
例如:14)He thought he was working for the people.15)I heard she had been to the Great W all.16)John hoped that he would find a job soon.但宾语从句如果表示定理法则、永恒真理等,则不变化:17)The teacher told us that the earth moves around the sun条件状语从句表示主句的动作发生的条件、假想、推测或意愿。
用连词if, unless 和起连接作用的短语 except that; in case that; oncondition that; provided/providing that; so/as long as; suppose/supposing that 引导。
用法:1.从句表示的条件客观上是现实的,常用陈述语气,如:If the stamp is torn, it's no good for my collection.如果邮票是破的,那我收集起来就没有用了。
Suppose all the doors are locked, how will you get into the house? 假如所有的门都锁上了,你怎么会进到这所房子呢?2.从句表示的条件同事实相违背或不可能实现,通常用虚拟语气。
如:If I were captain of a ship, I would take you on a voyage round the world.如果我是一艘轮船的船长,我将带你航海环游世界。
注意事项:1.用一般现在时表示将来时。
The meeting will be held out of doors unless it rains.除非下雨,大会将在户外举行2.用选择完成时替代将来完成时。
If I have made a mistake, I will try to remedy it.如果我犯了错误,我将会努力改正3.will用在真实条件状语从句中是情态动词,表示意愿或决心,而不是单纯表示将来。
I will tell you if you will come on Friday.如果你愿意星期五来,我将告诉你。
一、宾语从句的连接词从属连词连接宾语从句的从属连词主要有that,if,whether.that引导表示陈述句的宾语从句,而if和whether引导表示“是否”的宾语从句.He told me that he would go to the college the next year他告诉我他下一年上大学.I don’t know if there will be a bus any more.我不知道是否还会有公交车.Nobody knew whether he could pass the exam.没人知道他是否会通过考试.连接代词连接代词主要有who,whom ,whose ,what ,whoever ,whomever ,whosever, whatever,whichever等.连接代词一般指疑问,但what, whatever除了指疑问外,也可以指陈述.Do you know who has won Red Alert game?你知道谁赢了这一局红警游戏吗?I don’t know whom you should depend on.我不知道你该依靠谁.The book will show you what the best CEOs know.这本书会告诉你最好的执行总裁该了解些什么.Have you determined whichever you should buy,a Motorola or Nokia cell phone?你决定好是买诺基亚还是摩托罗拉的电话了吗?连接副词连接副词主要有when,where,why,how,whenever,wherever,however 等.He didn’t tell me wh en we should meet again.他没有告诉我什么时候我们能再见面.Could you please tell me how you read the new panel?你能告诉我怎么用这个新的操作盘吗?None of us knows where these new parts can be bought.没有人知道这些的新的零件能在哪里买到.二、动词的宾语从句大多数动词都可以带宾语从句We all expect that they will win , for members of their team are stronger.我们都预料他们会赢,因为他们的队员更强壮.He told us that they would help us though the whole work.他告诉我们在整个工作中,他都会帮忙的.部分“动词+副词”结构也可以带宾语从句I have found out that all the tickets for the concert have been sold out.我发现这场音乐会的所有票都卖光了.Can you work out how much we will spend during the trip?你能计算出这次旅行我们将花费多少钱吗?动词短语也可以带宾语从句常见的这些词有:make sure确保make up one’s mind下决心 keep in mind牢记Make sure that there are no mistakes in your papers before you turn them in.在上交试卷前确保没有任何错误.可运用形式宾语it代替的宾语从句①动词find,feel,consider,make,believe等后面有宾语补足语的时候,则需要用it做形式宾语而将that宾语从句后置.I think it necessary that we take plenty of hot water every day .我认为每天多喝开水是有必要的.I feel it a pity that I haven’t been to the get-together.我没去聚会,感觉非常遗憾.I have made it a rule that I keep diaries.我每天写日记成了习惯.We all find it important that we (should) make a quick decision about this mater.我们都认为对这件事马上做出决定很重要.②有些动词带宾语从句时寻要在宾语与从句前加it这类动词主要有:hate, take , owe, have, see to.I hate it when they with their mouths full of food.我讨厌他们满嘴食物时说话.He will have it that our plan is really practical.他会认为我们的计划确实可行.We take it that you will agree with us.我们认为你会同意我们的.When you start the engine, you must see to it that car is in neutral.开启发动机时, 一定要使汽车的离合器处于空挡位置.③若宾语从句是wh-类,则不可用it代替We all consider what you said to be unbelievable.我们都认为你所说的是不可信的.We discovered what we had learned to be valuable.我们发现我们所学到的东西都是有用的.三、介词的宾语从句用wh-类的介词宾语从句We are talking about whether we admit students into our club.我们正在讨论是否让学生加入我们的俱乐部.The new book is about how Shenzhou 6 manned spaceship was sent up into space.这本新书是关于神州6号载人航天飞船是如何升如太空的.用that,if引导的介词宾语从句有时候except,but,besides三个介词后可见到that引导的宾语从句I know nothing about my new neighbor except that he used to workwith a company.对于我的新邻居我只知道他曾在一家公司上班,其他一无所知.四、形容词的宾语从句常用来引导宾语从句的形容词有:sure,certain,glad,please,happy,sorry,afraid,satisfied,surprisedI am sure I will pass the exam.我确信我会通过考试.I am sorry that I have troubled you so long.很抱歉我这么长时间在打扰你.He is glad that Li Ming went to see him when he was ill.他很高兴在他生病的时候李明能去看望他.五、if,whether在宾语从句中的区别① if和whether在作“是否”解时,引导宾语从句常放在动词know,ask,care,wonder,find out等之后,介词后一般不用if② 少数动词,如:leave,put,discuss,doubt后的宾语从句常用whether.③ whether后可以加or not,但是if不可以.④ 在不定式前只能用whether.(如:I can’t decide whether to stay. 我不能决定是否留下。