debate 英语辩论,非常实用哟(课堂PPT)
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英语辩论介绍ppt
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The Benefits and Challenges of English Debate
Benefit
Enhanced Communication Skills: English debit helpers participants improve their public speaking, listening, and argumentation abilities It teachers they how to express ideas clearly and logically, and how to effectively consider their points of view
Type
Public Forum: In a public forum debate, two teams take turns delivering speeches in support of their respective positions Each team has an opportunity to speak for a specific period of time, usually 2-3 minutes, before the other team gets a chance to rebuttal This type of debit is often formatted as a competition with judges scoring the teams based on their arguments, delivery, and ability to rebuttal objective's points
English debit is a subset of debit that emphasizes the use of English language skills It requires competitors to have strong communication and argumentation abilities in English to effectively express their positions and counter arguments
The Benefits and Challenges of English Debate
Benefit
Enhanced Communication Skills: English debit helpers participants improve their public speaking, listening, and argumentation abilities It teachers they how to express ideas clearly and logically, and how to effectively consider their points of view
Type
Public Forum: In a public forum debate, two teams take turns delivering speeches in support of their respective positions Each team has an opportunity to speak for a specific period of time, usually 2-3 minutes, before the other team gets a chance to rebuttal This type of debit is often formatted as a competition with judges scoring the teams based on their arguments, delivery, and ability to rebuttal objective's points
English debit is a subset of debit that emphasizes the use of English language skills It requires competitors to have strong communication and argumentation abilities in English to effectively express their positions and counter arguments
debate 英语辩论 PPT
• to demand the same sort of proof for the statements of others.
• to present ideas in a clear and effective manner, and in a way, which wins others to your way of thinking.
• Accurate pronunciation • Articulation • Diverse pace and pitch • Vocabulary. • Avoid speaking too quickly. • Try to avoid being too nervous
Hale Waihona Puke Content• Content can be divided into arguments and supporting materials.
• the flexibility to react quickly to new ideas, and to remain unflustered in crises.
Preparing for a debate, you should learn …
• to use a library, and to find the exact information you need in the shortest possible time.
• Doubtful authority
An argument supported by a person who is not accepted as an expert is considered ineffective. Here is one example:
英语辩论简要介绍ppt课件
I. Definition of Motion:
There are a number of different words to describe motions. They can be called, for example: topics, subjects, resolutions, moots, proposals, propositions or issues. Motions are usually worded as—this house believes that…
(3)The style: voice, speed, pause(to remind you when to use soft calm voice, when to more aggressive, when to slow down)
(4)Leave some spaces(to renumber the order if necessary)
arguments . Conclusion.
1.1.6. Prime Minister Rebuttal (PMR) (5 Minutes): NO NEW ARGUMENTS ALLOWED
Rebut the negative side’s case Summarize affirmative side’s case. Address crucial issues. Compare and contrast the arguments. Conclusion.
I. Definition of debate: Debate id defined as “exchange of reasoning” In other
words, it is a questioning exploration that is changing, energetic and dynamic. II. Styles of debate: Parliamentary debate: (1) the standard American style: has two teams of two contestants making a total of 6 speeches because one speaker will speak twice by giving a “ reply” speech.
debate-英语辩论-非常实用哟精品PPT课件
• the structure to order your thoughts, to introduce, develop and summarize your points.
• the general and specific knowledge of many current affairs topics, learnt through research and debate.
• the flexibility to react quickly to new ideas, and to remain unflustered in crises.
Preparing for a debate, you should learn …
• to use a library, and to find the exact information you need in the shortest possible time.
• to think under pressure, to “use his head” in a time of need, to make decisions quickly and accurately.
How to Construct
•
Effective Arguments
Language
English ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้or Debate
What is a Debate?
• A debate is a form of argument. It contains two teams arguing opposite sides of a “proposition” in an orderly manner, following the agreed upon rules.
debate英语辩论非常实用哟.ppt
? An argument is a statement “The topic is
true or false( depending on which side you are on) because of x”, where the argument
fills in for the x.
? For example in the topic “That the zoos should be closed” an argument may be: “the
? to demand the same sort of proof for the statements of others.
? to present ideas in a clear and effective manner, and in a way, which wins others to your way of thinking.
? Accurate pronunciation ? Articulation ? Diverse pace and pitch ? Vocabulary. ? Avoid speaking too quickly. ? Try to avoid being too nervous
Content
? Content can be divided into arguments and supporting materials.
English For Debate
What is a Debate?
? A debate is a form of argument. It contains two teams arguing opposite sides of a “proposition”in an orderly manner, following the agreed upon rules.
英语辩论介绍ppt-35页PPT资料
Use of notes Tips: (1) Don’t read (2) Do use notes: to remind you what to say, to remind
you when to say it, to remind you how to say it. How to Use Notes: (1)Main points: the headings not a full script (2)The order of the points: structure of speech
I. Quality of definition
The strategic choices made in a debate
Includes the actual Arguments you use
Includes body language and delivery
It is the delivery style a debater uses to persuade the audience. It is involved in physical and vocal aspects: Appearance( dress appropriately) Stance ●physical aspect Gestures Eye contact Style(be yourself but plan for variety) Use of notes
(2) the standard British style: it brings a greater level of complexity by having four competing teams, two teams on each side each compromising of two people making a total of 8 speeches. Each team has a specific role to play depending on their order of speaking. For example; the summing up for the whole side is done by the last speaker of the second teams.
英语debatePPT课件
Some useful expressions for debate F= Formal Inf= Informal 1. How to ask for an opinion
.
3
1. How to ask for an opinion
F I was wondering where you stood on the
On Debate
.
1
What is debate ? Debate is a discussion of a particular subject and in the discussion people express different opinions.
How to debate ?
When you debate , you should first put forward
.
4
2. How e that
As far as I am able to judge, As far as I’m concerned, I’d like to point out I’d just like to say From my point of view, I think If you want my opinion, Personally, I think As I see it
your view about the subject , whether you are in
favor of the opinion or opposed to it. In other
words, whether you agree, or disagree with it.
.
2
And then you will give the reasons why you agree or disagree. So you must present powerful evidences, facts and examples to support your views.
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• The most important aspect of debating is that assertions must be justified. No one can be convinced or persuaded of anything if they are given no reason for doing so. That is to say you should use materials to support your arguments.
• For example in the topic “That the zoos should be closed” an argument may be: “the zoos should be closed because they confine the animals in an unnatural environment”.
13
Delivery
• Cue cards
Do not write out all your speech on cue cards. Debating is an exercise in lively interaction between two teams and between the audiences, not in reading a speech. The audience can tell when you are reading. Use cue cards the same way you would use a prompt(提示词） in a play. They are there for reference if you lose your spot.
• Content can be divided into arguments and supporting materials.
10
• An argument is a statement “The topic is true or false( depending on which side you are on) because of x”, where the argument fills in for the x.
English For Debate
1
What is a Debate?
• A debate is a form of argument. It contains two teams arguing opposite sides of a “proposition” in an orderly manner, following the agreed upon rules.
• to think under pressure, to “use his head” in a time of need, to make decisions quickly and accurately.
7
How to Construct
•
Effective Arguments
8
Language
and attack on that basis • Organize your arguments effectively.
18
Avoid fallacies in arguments
• Making effective and logical arguments is the most effective key to success in a debate.
in front of other people.
16
Refute arguments
• Refutation is the process of proving that an argument or a series of arguments, or the conclusions drawn from that argument or arguments, is false, erroneous, or at least doubtful. In a debate, effective refutations are key to success. Refutation should be handled systematically.
For example, "Listen ! I love New Zealand. I love the All Blacks, the Tall Ferns. We should get down on our knees and thank the sporting gods for them…”
20
• Doubtful authority
An argument supported by a person who is not accepted as an expert is considered ineffective. Here is one example: Let us consider the questions of sport. My Dad told me that the America’s Cup is organized for millionaires, and funded by the money the Australians pay us to lose to them in all sports.
6
• to demand the same sort of proof for the statements of others.
• to present ideas in a clear and effective manner, and in a way, which wins others to your way of thinking.
• The team that agrees with the topic is called the affirmative and the team that disagrees with the topic is called the negative.
• Teams argue their proposition using reasoning and evidence.
• the flexibility to react quickly to new ideas, and to remain unflustered in crises.
5
Preparing for a debate, you should learn … • to use a library, and to find the exact information you need in the shortest possible time. • to be thorough and accurate. • to analyze, to distinguish between the vital and the unimportant. • to learn the need of proving your statements; of supporting every statement with valid evidence and sound reasoning
12
• Supporting materials can be examples. Your arguments can also be backed up with other supporting materials, like reasons, statistics, and even with anecdotes, idioms, proverbs, quotations and analogies.
• To make your arguments sound, you have to be careful about fallacies in reasoning.
19
Typical fallacies
• Emotional argument
Emotional arguments are based on feelings, not logic.
2
The Benefits of a Debate
• develop positive attitudes toward the intellectual exchange of ideas
• develop an interest in the investigation of issues and problems
So…
• Dress appropriately • Have notes prepared. You do not want your debate to
be an oral presentation of a written essay. • Practice speaking aloud in front of a mirror and then
• become more adept at developing and putting forward ideas
• learn to think quickly • learn to work as a team • develop leadership skills • develop speaking and listening skills.
17
Guidelines to follow
• Anticipate what your opponent will say. • Take careful notes of what your opponent says
and note your reactions to what is said. • Find your opponents' fallacVoice
• The most important aspect of debating is that assertions must be justified. No one can be convinced or persuaded of anything if they are given no reason for doing so. That is to say you should use materials to support your arguments.
• For example in the topic “That the zoos should be closed” an argument may be: “the zoos should be closed because they confine the animals in an unnatural environment”.
13
Delivery
• Cue cards
Do not write out all your speech on cue cards. Debating is an exercise in lively interaction between two teams and between the audiences, not in reading a speech. The audience can tell when you are reading. Use cue cards the same way you would use a prompt(提示词） in a play. They are there for reference if you lose your spot.
• Content can be divided into arguments and supporting materials.
10
• An argument is a statement “The topic is true or false( depending on which side you are on) because of x”, where the argument fills in for the x.
English For Debate
1
What is a Debate?
• A debate is a form of argument. It contains two teams arguing opposite sides of a “proposition” in an orderly manner, following the agreed upon rules.
• to think under pressure, to “use his head” in a time of need, to make decisions quickly and accurately.
7
How to Construct
•
Effective Arguments
8
Language
and attack on that basis • Organize your arguments effectively.
18
Avoid fallacies in arguments
• Making effective and logical arguments is the most effective key to success in a debate.
in front of other people.
16
Refute arguments
• Refutation is the process of proving that an argument or a series of arguments, or the conclusions drawn from that argument or arguments, is false, erroneous, or at least doubtful. In a debate, effective refutations are key to success. Refutation should be handled systematically.
For example, "Listen ! I love New Zealand. I love the All Blacks, the Tall Ferns. We should get down on our knees and thank the sporting gods for them…”
20
• Doubtful authority
An argument supported by a person who is not accepted as an expert is considered ineffective. Here is one example: Let us consider the questions of sport. My Dad told me that the America’s Cup is organized for millionaires, and funded by the money the Australians pay us to lose to them in all sports.
6
• to demand the same sort of proof for the statements of others.
• to present ideas in a clear and effective manner, and in a way, which wins others to your way of thinking.
• The team that agrees with the topic is called the affirmative and the team that disagrees with the topic is called the negative.
• Teams argue their proposition using reasoning and evidence.
• the flexibility to react quickly to new ideas, and to remain unflustered in crises.
5
Preparing for a debate, you should learn … • to use a library, and to find the exact information you need in the shortest possible time. • to be thorough and accurate. • to analyze, to distinguish between the vital and the unimportant. • to learn the need of proving your statements; of supporting every statement with valid evidence and sound reasoning
12
• Supporting materials can be examples. Your arguments can also be backed up with other supporting materials, like reasons, statistics, and even with anecdotes, idioms, proverbs, quotations and analogies.
• To make your arguments sound, you have to be careful about fallacies in reasoning.
19
Typical fallacies
• Emotional argument
Emotional arguments are based on feelings, not logic.
2
The Benefits of a Debate
• develop positive attitudes toward the intellectual exchange of ideas
• develop an interest in the investigation of issues and problems
So…
• Dress appropriately • Have notes prepared. You do not want your debate to
be an oral presentation of a written essay. • Practice speaking aloud in front of a mirror and then
• become more adept at developing and putting forward ideas
• learn to think quickly • learn to work as a team • develop leadership skills • develop speaking and listening skills.
17
Guidelines to follow
• Anticipate what your opponent will say. • Take careful notes of what your opponent says
and note your reactions to what is said. • Find your opponents' fallacVoice