计算机网络名词缩写及中英文对照
网络中常用简称在网络中常用的一些英文缩写及解释
DARPA :国防高级研究方案局ARPARNET(Internet):阿帕网ICCC :国际计算机通信会议CCITT :国际电报咨询委员会SNA :系统网络体系结构(IBM) DNA :数字网络体系结构(DEC)CSMA/CD :载波监听多路访问/冲突检测(Xerox) NGI :下代INTERNETInternet2 :第二代INTERNETTCP/IP SNA SPX/IPX AppleT alk :网络协议NII :国家信息根底设施(信息高速公路) GII :全球信息根底设施MIPS : PC的处理能力Petabit : 10人15BIT/SCu芯片::铜OC48 :光缆通信SDH :同步数字复用WDH :波分复用ADSL :不对称数字用户效劳线HFE/HFC :结构和Cable-modem 机顶盒PCS :便携式智能终端CODEC :编码解码器ASK(amplitude shift keying):幅移键控法FSK(frequency shift keying):频移键控法PSK(phase shift keying):相移键控法NRZ (Non return to zero):不归零制PCM(pulse code modulation):脉冲代码调制nonlinear encoding :非线性编程FDM :频分多路复用TDM :时分多路复用STDM :统计时分多路复用DS0 : 64kb/sDS1 : 24DS0DS1C : 48DS0DS2 : 96DS0DS3 : 762DS0DS4 : 4032DS0CSU(channel service unit):信道效劳部件SONET/SDH :同步光纤网络接口LRC :纵向冗余校验CRC :循环冗余校验ARQ :自动重发请求ACK :确认NAK :不确认preamble :前文postamble :后文ITU :国际电信联合会character-oriented :面向字符bit-oriented :面向位SYNC :同步字符HDLC :面向位的方案SDLC :面向位的方案bit-stuffing :位插入STP :屏蔽双绞线UTP :非屏蔽双绞线RG-58A/U :标准RG-11 :用于10BASE5 RG-59U : 75 欧0.25INCH CATV RG-62U : 9 欧0.25INCH ARCnet 10BASE5 : IEEE802.3 RG-59U : 0.25inch CATV RG-62U : 0.25inch ARCnet LED(light emitting diobe):发光二级管ILD(injection laster diobe):注入型激光二级管PIN :检波器APD :检波器intensity modulation :亮度调制line of sight :可视通路CCITT V .28(EIA RS232C):非平衡型CCITT V .10/X.26(EIA RS423A):新的非平衡型CCITT V .11/X.27(EIA RS422A):新的平衡型TD :发送数据RD :接收数据XON/XOFF :流控制Automatic Repeat Request Protocol :自动重发请求Send and wait ARQ:continuous : ARQ 停等ARQ Ward Christensen :人名Kermit :协议circuit switching :线路交换packet switching :分组交换virtual circuit :虚电路ATM(asynchronous transfer mode):异步传输模式ATDM :异步时分多路复用packetizer :打包器VPI(vritual path identifier):虚路径标识VCI(virtual channel identifier):虚通道标识syntax :语法semantics :语义OSI(open system interconnection): 开放系统session :会话synchronization : 同步activity management :活动管理AE :应用实体UE :用户元素CASE :公共应用效劳元素SASE :特定应用效劳元素VT :虚拟终端JIM :作业传送和操作reverved :保存echo :回送discard :丢弃active users :活动用户daytime :白天netstat(who is up of NETSTAT)qotd(quote of the day)日期引用chargen(character generator)字符发送器nameserver(domani name server)域名效劳器bootps(bootstrap protocol server/client)引导协议效劳器/客户机tftp(trivial file transfer)简单文件传送sunrpc(sun microsystems RPC)SUN公司NTP:network time protocol网络时间协议SNMP(SNMP net monitor)SNMP网络监控器SNMP traps陷井biffunix comsatdaemone.g timed daemonsyslogsystem logURG紧急字段可用ACKPSH请求急迫操作RST连接复位SYN同步序号FIN发送方字节流结束Manchester曼彻斯特编码FDDI(fiber distributed data interface)光纤分布数据接口TTRT目标标记循环时间aggregation of multiple link segments多重链接分段聚合协议MAN(metropolitan area network plus)城域网CSMA/CD(carrier sense multiple access/collision detection) 载波监听Token bus令牌总线Token ring令牌环SAP效劳访问点request indictaion response confirmationLLC PDULLC协议数据单元DSAP address目地效劳访问点地址字段SSAP address源效劳访问点地址字段XID交换标识SABME置扩充的异步平衡方式DISC断开连接DM断开FRMR帧拒收时间片AUI连接单元接口MAU介质连接接口MDI介质相关接口PMA物理介质接口SFD起始定界符PAD填充字段FCS帧校验序列PLS物理层收发信号slot time时间Inter Frame Gap帧attempt limit最大重传次数back off limit防止算法参数Jam size阻塞参数max frame size最大帧address size地址collaspsed backone折叠式主干网BSS根本效劳集ESS扩展效劳集DFW-MAC分布式根底无线MAC IFS帧间空隙SIFS:PIFSDIFS分布协调CTS发送去除DQDB(IEEE802.6)分布式队列双总线TDM时分复用TMS多时分交换TSI时间片互换TST网络机构TSSST STS SSTSS TSTST网络机构PSTN公用交换网public switched telephone network详细PBX:private branch exchange专用交换网PABX;private automatic branch exchange自动交换机CBX:computerized branch exchange程控交换SLIP:serial line IP串行IPLCP(link control protocol)链路控制协议NCP:network control protocol网络控制协议BRI根本速率接口PRI群速率接口LAPB:line access protocol balanced链路访问协议平衡registration登录interrupt中断LAP F link access procedure for frame-mode bearer serivesrotate不知道recovery恢复discard丢弃retransmission重传switched access交换访问intergated access集成访问alerting progress进展AALATM适配层GFC总流控cell rate decoupling信元率去耦SDH同步数字级PDH准国步数字级GSM:group special mobile移动通讯NSS网络子系统OMC-R操作维护中心BSS基站子系统BSC基站控制器BTS基站收发信机MS移动站SIM:subscriber identity module 标识模块MSC移动交换机HLR归属位置存放器VLR访问位置存放器AUC鉴权中心EIR设备识别存放器OMC-S操作维护中心SC短消息中心WAP无线应用协议WAE无线应用层WSP会话层WTP事务层WTLS平安层WDP传输层MAP移动应用局部WML无线标记语言SSL:secure sockets layer平安套接层PCS个人通信业务PCN个人通信网GEO对地静止轨道NON-GE0(MEO,LEO)不清楚ITU国际电信联盟VSAT:very small aperture -terminal 甚小天线终端LEOS低轨道卫星通信系统repeater中继器bridge网桥router路由器gateway网关ONsemble stackable 10BASE可叠加组合型集线器transparent bridge传输桥source routing bridge源路径桥broadcast storm播送风暴encapsulation封装translation bridging转换桥接方式SRT源地址选择透明桥offset偏移more flag标识ICMPINTERNET控制报文协议SPF:shortest path first最短路径IGP:interior gateway protocol核心网关协议EGP:exterior gateway protocol 扩展网关协议RIP:routing information protocol 路由信息协议OSPF开放最短径优先协议acquisition request获取请求acquisition confirm获取确认cease中止poll轮询IPX/SPX internetwork packet exchange/sequented packet exchangeNOVELLinterpreter解释器redirector重定向器SFT system fault tolerant系统容错ELS entry level solution不认识ODI开放数据链路接口NDIS network device interface specification网络设备接口…DDCS数据库管理和分布数据库连接效劳DCE:distributed computing environment分布计算环境OSF:open software foundation开放软件基金PWS:peer web serviceWEB效劳器OEM原始设备制造商RAS远程访问效劳IIS:Internet Information serverINTERNET信息效劳WINS:windows internet name systemWINDOWS 命名效劳NTDS:windows NT directory serverNT目录效劳TDI传输驱动程序接口schedule++应用程序,预约本COSE:common open software environment普通开放软件环境RPC远程过程调用SNMP:simple network management protocol 简单网管协议SMI:structer of management information管理信息结构SMT:station management管理站SMTP:simple mail transfer protocol简单邮件传输协议SNA:system network architecture RM网络SNR:signal noise ratio信噪比SONENT :synchronous optical network同步光纤网络SPE:synchronous payload envelope 同步PAYLOAD 信CMIS/CMIP公共管理信息效劳胁议CMISE公共管理信息效劳agent代理IMT :inductive modeling technology不知道plaintext明文ciphertext脱密encryption加密decryption解密symmetric key cryptography对称加密asymmetric key cryptography不对称加密public key公钥private key私钥DES:data encryption standard数据加密标准IDEA:international data encryption algorithm 国际加密算法PIN:personal identification number个人标识符session key会话层密钥KDC:key distribuetion center密钥分发中心sign签名seal封装certificate证书certificate authority CA证书权威机构OSF开放软件中心AFS:andrew file system分布式文件系统ticket凭证authenticatior身份认证timestamp时间标记reply attack检测重放攻击realm域PKI公钥根底设施certificate hierarchy证书层次结构across certificate交叉证书security domain平安领域cerfificate revoke list(CRL)证书层次结构LDAP:light weight directory access protocol 协议访问矩阵ACL:access control list访问列表reference monitor引用监控器course grained粗粒度访问控制medium grained中粒度访问控制fine grained细粒度访问控制CORBA面向对象的分布系统应用MQ报文队列VPN虚拟专网IPSEC:IP security平安IPSA:security association平安??encopulation security payload封装平安负载AH:authentication header鉴别报头IKE:Internet key exchange交换rogue programs捣乱程序IPSP:IP security protocol平安IKMP:internet key managemetn protocol 协议IESGInternet工程领导小组SHA平安散列算法MAC:message authentication code代码CBC密码块链接SSL平安套接层协议证书检验报文PEM私用强化邮件PGP:pretty good privacy好的private保密authenticated已认证SEPP平安电子付费协议SET平安电子交易middleware中间件GSS-API通用平安效劳SNP平安网络编程BWD:browser web database浏览WEBplugin插入件basic authentication scheme不知道digest authentication scheme摘要认证方法open group:the open group research institute研究所DCE:distributed computing environment分布式计算机环境SLP:secure local proxy平安局部代理SDG:secure domain proxy平安域代理OMG:object management group目标管理组CORBS:common object request broker architecture 不清楚authentication鉴别access control访问控制data confidnetiality保密data integrity数据完整性non-reputation防止否认enciphermant加密机制digital signature mechanisms数据完整性authentication mechanisms路由控制机制notarization mechanisms公证trusted function可信security labels平安标记event dectection事件检测security audit trail平安审计跟踪security recovery平安恢复TCSEC:trusted computer system evaluation criteria标准TCSEC TNI:trusted network interpretation of the TCSEC 标准TCSEC TDI:trusted database interpretation of the TCSEC 标准ITSEC:information technology security evaluation标准CC:command criteria for IT security evaluation平安classified criteria for secruity protection中国平安of computer information system中国平安GB17859-1999国标TCB:trusted computing baseSNMP:simple network management protocol网管ICMP:internet control message protocol互联网控制信息协议ARP:address resolution protocol地址解析协议TCP:transmission control protocol 传输控制协议UDP:user datagram protocol用户数据报协议SMTP:simple mail transfer protocol简单邮件传输DNS:domain name service效劳器NSP:name service protocol效劳器TElnet:telcommunication networkTELEGP:exterior gateway protocol外部网关连接器协议IGP:inter gateway protocol内部网关连接器协议SLIP串行接口协议PPP点对点协议UNICAST单播地址cluster群集地址multicast组播地址scable model可伸缩模型integrated model集成模型OLAP联机分析工具NAS:network applications supportDEC公司的工具NWC:newwave computingHP工具OCCA:open cooperative computing architecture 开放合作计算体系结构DAA:distributed application architectureDG的分布应用体系结构COSE:common opensystem enviroment通用开放系统环境CDE:common desktop enviroment通用桌面环境DCE分布式计算环境RPC远程过程调用DME分布管理环境OSE/APP开放系统环境应用可移植框架ODA开放文件体系结构ODL开放文件语言ODIF开放文件交换格式GKS图形核心系统PHIGS编程的层次交换式图形系统GOSIP政府开放系统互联框架EEI:extenal environment interface扩展环境接口CGI:common gateway interface公用网关接口Internal web内部环球网mail lists邮件列表newgroups新闻组chat闲谈IRC:internet relay chat聊天VRML:virtual reality modeling language 语言workflow工作流groupware群件video conferencing视频会议ADSL:asymmetric digital subscriber line不对称数字用户DBS:direct broadcast satellite直播播送卫星VPN:virtual private networks虚拟专网ISPInternet效劳提供商SSL:secure sockets layer平安套接层PCT:private communication technology 专网通信技术STLP:secure transport layer protocol平安传送层SET:secure electrionic transaction平安电子传送proxy server代理效劳器POP3:post office protocolPOP3邮局IMAP4:internet message protocol4邮件协议WYSIWYG:what you see is what you get 所见即所得NDIS网络设备接口标准NETBT :NETBIOS over TCP/IP协议IIS:Internet Information Server Microsoftbinding绑定PDC主域控制器BDC备份域控制器DCOM分布组件对象模式WINS:windows internet name service效劳器RR:resource record资源记录CSNW:client service for netware客服network address translation网络地址转换loopback回送dotted quad notation点分形式packet分组forward向前account帐号compatibility兼容性assume担任dummy哑终端western digitial/SMC cards卡portable便携BIND:berkeley internet name domain service 不知道resolver library不知道spoofing欺骗multi homed多宿主RR:resource record.资源记录Lynx Mosaic Netscape Hotjava浏览器URL:uniform resource locator统一资源定位webmaster主HTML hypertext markup language超文本语言anonymous/ftp 匿名FTP /companyUNIX下存放公司本身的信息/pubUNIX下的公用软件/in-comingUNIX匿名FTP用户上载文件目录/usr /bin /etcFTP占用的目录mirror sites文件效劳器镜像系统WAIS:wide area information search查询description描述catalog目录、手册inverted颠倒internetworked enterprise互联网上的企业interenterprise computing企业间的计算CSCW:computer supported cooperative work 计算机支持协同工作interactive/communication交互通信coordination协调。
计算机网络名词缩写
ADSL: asymmetric digital subscribe r line,不对称数字订阅线路ah: authentication header,鉴定文件头amr(audio/modem riser,音效/数据主机板附加直立插卡)arp(address resolution protocol,地址解析协议)atm(asynchronous transfer mode,异步传输模式)bod(bandwidth on demand,弹性带宽运用)cbr(committed burst rate,约定突发速率)ccirn: coordinating committee for intercontinental research networking,洲际研究网络协调委员会ccm(call control manager,拨号控制管理)cdsl: consumer digital subscriber line(消费者数字订阅线路)cgi(common gateway interface,通用网关接口)ciea: commercial internet exchange association,商业因特网交易协会cir(committed infomation rate,约定信息速率)cts(clear to send,清除发送)dbs-pc: direct broadcast satellite pc(人造卫星直接广播式pc)dce: data circuit terminal equipment,数据通信设备des: data encryption standard,数据加密标准dmt: discrete multi - tone,不连续多基频模式dns(domain name system,域名系统)docsis(data over cable service interface specifications,线缆服务接口数据规格)dte: data terminal equipment,数据终端设备ebr(excess burst rate,超额突发速率)esp: encapsulating security payload,压缩安全有效载荷fdm: frequency division multi,频率分离flow-control流控制fricc: federal research internet coordinating committee,联邦调查因特网协调委员会Ftp(file transfer protocol,文件传输协议)ghost:(general hardware oriented system transfer,全面硬件导向系统转移)hdsl: high bit rate dsl,高比特率数字订阅线路http(hypertext transfer protocol,超文本传输协议)icmp(internet control message protocol,因特网信息控制协议)ietf(internet engineering task framework,因特网工程任务组)ike: internet key exchange,因特网密钥交换协议imap4: internet message access protocol version 4,第四版因特网信息存取协议internet(因特网)ip(internet protocol,网际协议)isdn(integrated service digital network,综合服务数字网络)isoc: internet society,因特网协会isp(internet service provider,因特网服务提供商)lan(local area network,局域网)ldap: lightweight directory access protocol,轻权目录访问协议lom(lan-on-montherboard)iab: internet activities board,因特网工作委员会ietf: internet engineering task force,因特网工程作业推动l2tp(layer 2 tunneling protocol,二级通道协议)lmds: local multipoint distributed system,局域多点分布式系统mime: multipurpose internet mail extension,多用途因特网邮件扩展协议mnp: microcom networking protocalmodem(modulator demodulator,调制解调器)nat(network address translation,网络地址转换)nc(network computer,网络计算机)nds: novell directory service,novell目录服务nntp: network news transfer protocol,网络新闻传输协议msn: microsoft network,微软网络ofdm(orthogonal frequency division multiplexing,直角频率部分多路复用)p3p(privacy preference project,个人私隐安全平台)pds: public directory support,公众目录支持pgp: pretty good privacy,优良保密协议pics: platform for internet content selection,因特网内容选择平台pof: polymer optical fiber,聚合体光纤pop3: post Office protocol version 3,第三版电子邮局协议pptp: point to point tunneling protocol,点对点通道协议radsl: rate adaptive dsl,速率自适应数字订阅线路rarp(reverse address resolution protocol,反向地址解析协议)rdf: resource description framework,资源描述框架rsa(rivest shamir adlemen,一种因特网加密和认证体系)rts(request to send,需求发送)sis:tched internetworking services(交换式网络互联服务)s/mime: secure mime,安全多用途因特网邮件扩展协议snmp(simple network management protocol,简单网络管理协议)smtp(simple mail transfer protocol,简单邮件传输协议)skip: simple key exchange internet protocol,因特网简单密钥交换协议sua(single user account,单用户帐号)tcp(transmission control protocol,传输控制协议)uart(universal asynchronous receiver/transmitter,通用异步接收/发送装置)udp(user datagram protocol,用户数据报协议)uls: user location service,用户定位服务vod: video on demand,视频点播vpn: virtual private network, 虚拟局域网www(world wide web,万维网,是因特网的一部分)lan 局域网wan 广域网utp 非屏蔽的双绞线stp 屏蔽的双绞线atm 异步传输模式fddi 光纤分布式数据接口csma/cd 载波侦听多路访问方法msau 多站访问单元atm 异部传输模式pvc 永久虚拟回路hub 集线器pstn 公共交换电话网isdn 综合业务数字网adsl 非对称数字用户线路bridge 网桥router 路由器gateway 网关vpn 虚拟专用网络pri 主数率接口bri 基本数率接口mac 媒体访问控制osi 开放式系统互连tcp/ip 传输控制协议/网际协议ipx/spx 网际数据包交换/系列数据包交换ftp 文件传输协议smtp 简单邮件传输协议tcp 传输协议ip 网际协议appletalk 可路由协议组irda 红外线数据协议slip 串行线路网际协议ppp 点到点协议pptp 点到点隧道协议l2tp 第二层隧道协议ipsec internet协议安全netbeui netbios增强型用户接口http 超文本传输协议udp 用户报文协议arp 地址解析协议icmp internet控制报文协议igmp internet组管理协议dns 域名系统wins windows internet名称服务udp 用户数据报协议crc 循环冗余码校验dhcp 动态主机配置协议apipa 自动私有ip地址cidr 无类域内路由选择url 统一资源定位符nat 网络地址翻译器iana internet分配数据机构www 万维网ncsa 国家计算机安全协会itsec 信息技术安全评价标准cse 通信安全机构ous 目录林的组织单元pki 公用密钥基础结构ace 访问控制条目efs 加密文件系统s/mime 安全的多目标邮件扩展tls 传输层安全pap 密码认证协议gpo 组策略对象。
计算机网络常用网络缩写名词解释答案
常用网络名词缩写解释:TCP--- TransmissionControlProtocol 传输控制协议TCP 是一种面向连接(连接导向)的、可靠的、基于字节流的运输层(Transportlayer )通信协议ICMP---是(InternetControlMessageProtocol )Internet 控制报文协议。
它是TCP/IP 协议族的一个子协议,用于在IP 主机、路由器之间传递控制消息UDP--- UserDatagramProtocol 的简称,中文名是用户数据报协议,是OSI 参考模型中一种无连接的传输层协议,提供面向事务的简单不可靠信息传送服务NNTP---网络新闻传输协议。
这是一个主要用于阅读和张贴新闻文章(俗称为“帖子”,比较正式的是“新闻组邮件”)到Usenet 上的Internet 应用协议,也负责新闻在服务器间的传送。
SNMP--- (Simple Network ManagementProtocol,简单网络管理协议)的前身是简单网关监控协议(SGMP),用来对,用来对通信线路通信线路进行管理。
IGP---内部网关协议SNTP---简单网络时间协议(SNTP :SimpleNetworkTimeProtocol)SimpleNetworkTimeProtocol)SNTP SNTP V4由NTP 改编而来,主要用来同步因特网中的计算机时钟。
IGRP---是一种动态距离向量是一种动态距离向量路由路由协议,它由Cisco 公司八十年代中期设计。
使用组合用户配置尺度,包括延迟、带宽、可靠性和负载。
缺省情况下,IGRP 每90秒发送一次秒发送一次路由路由更新广播,在3个更新周期内(即270秒),没有从路由中的第一个从路由中的第一个路由器路由器接收到更新,则宣布路由不可访问。
PPP---点对点协议点对点协议(PPP :Point to Point Protocol ) 点对点协议(PPP )为在点对点连接上传输多协议数据包提供了一个标准方法。
(完整版)计算机网络名词解释大全
计算机网络名词解释大全以字母次序排列的网络术语和缩写字名词解释10 Base T:双绞线以太网技术名2-3 Swap:指对一端用来发送,与之连接的另一端用来接收或相反的电线。
数字2和3指的是DB-25接线器的发送和接收插脚。
2B+ D Service: ISDN服务,因其包含二个标准电话连接加上一个数据连接。
3-Way handshake Tcp三次握手: TCP和其它传输协议中使用的一种技术,用来可靠地开始或完美地结束通信。
3-Wire Circuit 三线电路:经常采用的在一对计算机之间异步串口连接的接线方案。
第一根接线用来从一台计算机到另一台计算机传输数据,第二根接线用来反方向传输数据,第三根线是公共接地线。
4-Wire Circuit 四线电路:是经常采用的在一对计算机之间异步串口连接的接线方案。
一对接线用来在一个方向传输数据,另一对接线用来相反方向传输数据。
四线电路通常用于比三线电路更长的距离。
7-Layer reference model 七层参考模型:由国际标准化组织颁布的早期概念模型,给出了与提供的通信服务协同工作的一系列协议。
七层协议不包含互联网协议层。
802.2: IEEE逻辑链接控制标准。
见LLC和SNAp。
802.3: IEEE以太网标准。
802.5: IEEE令牌环标准。
access delay 访问延迟:网络接口在它能访问共享网络前的等待时间。
acknowledgement 应答:一个简短的返回消息,它通知发送者:数据已经到达它所希望的目的地。
active document 活动文档: WWW文档是一段计算机程序,下载一个活动文档后,测览器在用户计算机上运行该程序。
活动文档能连续地改变显示。
参阅动态文档,静态文档和URL。
adaptive retransmision 适应性重复:适应性重发传输协议的一种能力,为适应各种不同的互联网延迟不断地改变重发计时器。
TCP是众所周知的使用适应性重发的协议。
计算机网络专业词汇中英对照
《计算机网络》中英文对照Chapter 1End system P28 端系统Modem P29 调制解调器(俗称:猫)Base station P29 基站Communication link P30 通信链路Physical media P30 物理介质Coaxial cable P30 同轴电缆Fiber optics P30 光纤Radio spectrum P30 射频频谱Transmission rate P30 传输速率Packets P30 (数据)包,或分组Routers P30 路由器Link-layer switches P30 链路层交换机Path P30 路径ISP (Internet Service Provider) P30 网络服务提供商TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) P31 传输控制协议IP ( Internet Protocol) P31 网际协议Intranets P31 内网API (Application Programming Interface) P32 应用程序编程接口Network edge P35 网络边缘Access Networks P38 接入网Ethernet P42 以太网Network core P48 网络核心Circuit Switching P50 电路转换Packet Switching 分组交换FDM (frequency-division multiplexing) P50 频分多路复用TDM (time-division multiplexing) P50 时分多路复用Statistical Multiplexing 统计复用Store-and-forward 存储转发Queuing delays P53 排队延迟Transmission delay P60 传输延迟,或发送延迟Propagation delay P60 传播延迟Throughput P59 吞吐量Internet backbone P57 骨干网Delay P59 延迟,或时延Loss P59 丢包Packet-Switched Network P59 分组交换网络Nodal processing delay P60 节点处理延迟End-to-end delay P66 端到端延迟Instantaneous throughput P68 瞬时吞吐量Network interface card P74 网络接口卡(即网卡)Message P75 消息,或报文Segment P75 (报文)段Datagram P75 数据报Frames P75 帧Packet sniffer P82 数据包监听器Protocol Stack 协议栈Peer entities 对等实体Chapter 2 应用层Server farm P110 服务器集群Infrastructure P110 基础设施,或基础架构Self-scalability P111 自扩展性Timing P114 实时性Bandwidth-sensitive applications P115带宽敏感应用Connection-oriented service P117 面向连接的服务Directory service P121 目录服务Base HTML 基本HTML文件Stateless protocol P124 无状态协议RTT (round-trip time ) P126 往返时间Web proxy caches P128 网页代理缓存Status line P130 状态行Out-of-band P141 (频)带外(的)In-band P141 带内(的)User agents P144 用户代理Mail servers P144 邮件服务器Pull protocol P148 拉式协议Push protocol p148 推式协议Host aliasing P158 主机别名Canonical hostname P158 规范主机名Mail server aliasing P158 邮件服务器别名Load distribution P158 负载分配Top-level domain (TLD) servers P161 顶级域名服务器Authoritative DNS servers P161 权威域名服务器Iterative queries P168 迭代查询Resource records (RRs) P165 资源记录Overlay network P179 覆盖网Nonpersistent HTTP 非持久HTTP,或非坚持HTTP Persistent HTTP 持久性HTTP,或坚持的HTTP Peer-to-Peer (P2P) Network 对等网络Socket programming 套接字编程Chapter 3 传输层Multiplexing and demultiplexing P226 复用与分用Unidirectional data transfer P241 单向数据传送Finite-state machine (FSM) P242 有限状态机Positive acknowledgments P243 肯定确认Negative acknowledgments P243 否定确认Countdown timer P250 (倒数)计时器Cumulative acknowledgment P258 累积确认Receive buffer P269 接收缓冲区,或接收缓存Resource-management cells 资源管理单元Source (port number) 源端口号Destination (port number) 目的端口号Checksum 校验与Pipelined protocols 流水线(型)协议Go-back-N 回退NSelective Repeat 选择重传Timeout (定时器)超时Fast Retransmit 快速重传Flow Control 流量控制Three way handshake 三次握手sequence number 序列号(简写为seq)acknowledgement number 确认号(简写为ack;注意与大小的ACK不同)Congestion Control 拥塞控制additive increase, multiplicative decrease 加性增乘性减Slow Start 慢启动congestion-avoidance 拥塞避免fast recovery 快速恢复duplicate (ACK) 冗余(ACK)Random Early Detection 随机早期检测Chapter 4 网络层Forwarding table P338 转发表Virtual-circuit networks P343 虚电路网络Datagram networks P343 数据报网络Signaling message P346 信令报文Content Addressable Memory P354 内容可寻址存储器Crossbar switch P356 纵横开关Active queue management 主动队列管理Head-of-the-line (HOL) 队头Classless interdomain routing (CIDR) P371 无类域间路由Plug-and-play P376 即插即用Anycast P386 任播Interior gateway protocols P414 内部网关协议Routing information Protocol P414 路由信息协议(RIP)Open shortest Path First OSPF P414 开放最短路径优先Area border routers P419 区域边界路由器Sequence-number-controlled flooding P430 序列号控制的洪泛,或带序列号的受控洪泛Reverse path forwarding (RPF) P431 逆向路径转发Rendezvous point P433 汇聚点Longest prefix matching 最长前缀匹配Scheduling 调度Fragmentation 分片,或分段Fragment Offset 报文段偏移量Network Address Translation (NAT) 网络地址转换NAT traversal NAT穿越Multicast 组播,或多播Unicast 单播Tunneling 隧道技术Link-State Routing Algorithm 链路状态路由算法Distance Vector Routing Algorithm 距离向量路由算法Count to Infinity Problem 无穷计数问题Hierarchical Routing 分层路由autonomous systems 自治系统BGP (Border Gateway Protocol) 边界网关协议in-network duplication 网内复制broadcast storm 广播风暴spanning tree 生成树redundant packets 冗余数据包Chapter 5 数据链路层,或链路层Broadcast channels P461 广播信道Trailer fields P464 尾部字段Link access P464 链路接入,或链路访问Network interface card P466 网络接口卡(即网卡)Parity checks P469 奇偶校验Forward error correction (FEC) P471 前向纠错Cyclic Redundancy Check 循环冗余校验Polynomial code P472 多项式码(即CRC码)Multiple access P475 多路接入Random access protocols P477 随机接入协议CSMA/CD P484 带冲突检测的载波侦听多路访问CSMA/CA 带冲突避免的载波侦听多路访问Token passing protocol P487 令牌传递协议ARP P491 地址解析协议Preamble P497 前导(字段)Exponential backoff P502 指数回退,或指数退避Repeater P504 中继器Virtual-channel identifier P520 虚拟信道标识Cell-loss priority P520 信元丢失优先权Label-switched router P524 标签交换路由器Framing (封装)成帧error detection 误差检测,或检错Channel Partitioning 信道分割式(MAC协议)Taking turns MAC protocol 轮流式MAC协议Collision 冲突,或碰撞Time Slot 时隙Slotted ALOHA 时隙ALOHAUnslotted ALOHA 无时隙ALOHA Nonpersistent CSMA 非坚持CSMA1-persistent CSMA 1坚持CSMAp-persistent CSMA p坚持CSMAToken Ring 令牌环(Wireless) LAN (无线)局域网Hub 集线器Collision domain 冲突域Bridge 网桥。
网络技术名词缩写
网络技术名词缩写NAT (网络地址转换)Hypervisor 又称虚拟机监视器(英语:virtual machine monitor,缩写为 VMM),是用来建立与执行虚拟机器的软件、固件或硬件。
ARP 地址解析协议,(Address Resolution Protocol),是根据IP地址获取物理地址的一个TCP/IP协议BGP 边界网关协议OSPF(Open Shortest Path First开放式最短路径优先)是一个内部网关协议(Interior Gateway Protocol,简称IGP)RIPng 内部网关协议IPv4 网际协议版本4(英语:Internet Protocol version 4,IPv4),又称互联网通信协议第四版FIB表Forwarding Information Base 转发表路由表表示所有的有效路由所形成的表项,并不指导转发协议:SNMP 简单网络管理协议(SNMP)是专门设计用于在 IP 网络管理网络节点(服务器、工作站、路由器、交换机及HUBS等)的一种标准协议,它是一种应用层协议。
Telnet : TCP/IP协议族中的一员,是Internet远程登录服务的标准协议和主要方式SSH: 为Secure Shell 的缩写,由IETF 的网络小组(Network Working Group)所制定;SSH 为建立在应用层基础上的安全协议ODBC----ODBC(Open DataBase Connectivity)用于数据库访问的应用程序编程接口(API),它以X/Open和ISO/IEC的调用级接口(CLI)规范为基础,并使用结构化查询语言(SQL)作为其数据库访问语言。
ODBC总体结构有四个组件:应用程序执行处理并调用ODBC API函数,以提交 SQL语句并检索结果。
驱动程序管理器(Driver Manager)根据应用程序需要加载/卸载驱动程序,处理ODBC函数调用,或把它们传送到驱动程序。
基本包含所有网络术语英文缩写及解释
基本包含所有网络术语英文缩写及解释3GPP(The 3rd Generation Partnership Project,第三代移动通信伙伴项目)AAL层(ATM Adaptation Layer,ATM适配层)ABM(Asynchronous Balanced Mode,异步平衡方式)ABR(Avaliable Bit Rate,可用比特率业务)AC(Access Control,访问控制)ACK(Acknowledgment,确认)ACL(Access Control Lists,访问控制列表)ACL链路(Asynchronous Connection-Less,异步无连接链路)ACSE(Association Control Service Element,连接控制服务元素)Active Directory(活动目录)ADCCP(Advanced Data Communication Control Procedure,高级数据通信控制过程)address overloading(地址超载)ADS(Active Directory Service,活动目录服务)ADSL(Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line,非对称数字用户线路)AES(Advanced Encryption Standard,高级加密标准)AH(Authentication Header,身份验证头)AM(Amplitude Modulation,调幅)AMI(Alternate Mark Inversion,信号交替反转码)AMPS(Advanced Mobile Phone System,先进移动电话系统)AP(Access Point,无线访问点)ARM(Asynchronous Response Mode,异步响应方式)ARP(Address Resolution Protocol,地址转换协议)ARPA(Advanced Research Project Agency,高级研究计划局)ARQ(Automatic Repeat Request,自动请求重发方式)AS(Autonomous System,自治系统)ASIC(Application Specific Integrated Circuit,专用集成电路)ASK(Amplitude Shift Keying,幅移键控)ASP(Active Server Page,活动服务器页面)ATM(Asynchronous Transfer Mode,异步传输模式)ATM交换(Asynchronous Transfer Mode Switching,异步传输模式交换)ATU-C(ADSL Termination Unit-Central,中央ADSL终结单元)ATU-R(ADSL Termination Unit-Remote,远端ADSL终结单元)B/S(Browser / Server,浏览器 / 服务器模型)B/W/D(Browser / Web Server / Database Server,浏览器 / 网站服务器 / 数据库服务器)模型Bc(Committed Burst,承诺突发量)BCA(Brand Certificate Authority,品牌认证中心)BDR(Backup Designated Router,备份指定路由器)Be(Excess Burst,超突发量)BECN(Backward Explicit Congestion Notification,后向显式拥塞通知)BGMP(Border Gateway Multicast Protocol,边界网关组播协议)BGP(Border Gateway Protocol,边界网关协议)B-ICI(B-ISDN Inter-Carrier Interface,B-ISDN内部载波接口)BIS(Boundary Intermediate System,边界中间系统)B-ISDN(Broad-band Intergrated Services Digital Network,宽带ISDN)BITS(Bump-In-The-Stack,堆栈插件)BITW(Bump-In-The-Wire,线路插件)BOOTP(Bootstrap Protocol,引导协议)BPDU(Bridge Protocol Data Unit,网桥协议数据单元)BRI(Basic Rate Interface,基本速率接口)BS(Basic Station,基站)BSI(British Standards Institute,英国标准协会)BSS(Basic Service Set,基本服务集)BUS(Broadcast / Unknown Server,广播和未知服务器)C/S(Client / Server,客户/ 服务器模型)CA(Certificate Authority,认证中心)CAC(Call Admission Control,呼叫准入控制)CAP(Carrierless Amplitude and Phase Modulation,无载波幅度相位调制)CAP调制(Carrierless Amplitude and Phase Modulation,无载波幅度相位调制)CATV(Community Antenna Television,有线电视)CBR(Constant Bit Rate,固定比特率业务)CC (Common Criteria,通用标准)CCK(Complementary Code Keying, 补偿编码键控)CCU(Communication Control Unit,通信控制单元)CDDI(Copper Distributed Data Interface ,铜缆分布式数据接口)CDK(Conbined Double Key,组合双钥)CDMA(Code Distribute Multiple Access,码分多址)CDV(Cell Delay Variation,信元延迟变化)CDVT(Cell Variation Delay tolerance,信元可变延迟极值)CER(Cell Error Ratio,信元错误比例)CERN(Conseil European Pour Recherches Nucleaires,【法文】欧洲量子物理实验室)CGI(common gate interface,公共网关接口)CHAP(Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol,挑战握手认证协议)CIDR(Classless Inter-Domain Routing,无类域间路由)CIR(Committed Information Rate,承诺信息速率)CL(Circuit Layer,电路层)CLNP (ConnectionLess Network Protocol ,无连接网络协议:OSI网络模型中提供无连接的数据服务)CLNS(Connectionless Network Services,无连接网络服务)CLP(Cell Loss Priority,信元丢失优先级)CLR(Cell Loss Ratio,信元丢失比例)CMIP(Common Management Information Protocol,公共管理信息协议)CMIS(Common Management Information Service,公共管理信息服务)CMOT(Common Management Over TCP/IP,TCP/IP协议上的公共管理协议)CMR(Cell Misinsertion Ratio,信元错误目的地比例)CMTS(Cable Modem Termination System,电缆调制解调器终端系统)COM(Components Object Model,组件对象模型)CORBA(Common Object Request Broker Architecture,公共对象请求代理体系结构)CPE(Customer Premises Equipment,用户屋内设备)CPK(Conbined Public Key,组合公钥)CPN(Customer Premise Network,用户驻地网)CPS(Common Part Sublayer,MAC子层的公共部分)CRC(Cyclic Redundancy Code,循环冗余码)CRL(Certificate Revocation List,证书撤消表)CR-LDP(Constraint-based LDP,基于路由受限标签分发协议)CS(Circuit Switched Domain,电路交换域)CS(Convergence Sublayer,传输会聚子层)CSCW(Computer Supported Cooperative Work,计算机支持的协同工作)CSLIP(Comprss SLIP,压缩串行线路IP)CSMA/CA(Carrier Sense Multiple Access with CollisionAvoidance,载波侦听多路访问/冲突避免)CSMA/CD(Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection,带冲突检测的载波监听多路访问)CSNP(Complete Sequence Number PDU,完全序号PDU)CSU(Channel Service Unit,信道服务单元)CS子层(Convergence Sublayer,汇集子层)CTD(Cell Transfer Delay,信元传送延迟)DA(Destination address,目的地址)DACS(Digital Access and Cross-connect System,数字存取交叉连接交换系统)DAMPS(Digital Adanced Mobile Phone System,数字高级移动电话系统)DARPA(Defense Advanced Research Project Agency,美国国防部高级研究计划局)DAS(Direct Attached Storage,直接连接存储)DAS(Dual Attachment Station, 双连接站点)DBD(Database Description Packet,数据库描述)DCAP(Data Link Switching Client Access Protocol,数据转接客户访问协议)DCE(Data Circuit Equipment,数据电路终端设备)DCE(Data Communication Equipment,数据连接设备)DCF(Distributed Coordination Function,分布协调功能)DCOM(Distributed Components Object Model,分布式组件对象模型)DDN(Digital Data Network,数字数据网)DDoS(Distributed Denial of Service,分布式拒绝服务)DDR(Dial on Demand Routing,按需拨号路由)DE(Discard Eligibility,允许丢弃)DES(Data Encryption Standard,数据加密标准)DFS(Distributed File System,分布式文件系统)DHCP(Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol,动态主机配置协议)DIFS(DCF InterFrame Spacing,DCF帧间间隔)DIS(Designated Intermediate System,指定中间系统)DLCI(Data-Link Connection Identifier,数据链路识别码)DLE(Data Link Escape,转义字符)DM(Delta Modulation,增量调制)DMT(Discrete Multi-Tone,离散多音频调制)DMZ(DeMilitarized Zone,非军事化区)DNS(Domain Name Service,域名系统服务)DOI(Domain of Interpretation,解释域)DoS(Denial of Service,DoS攻击就是拒绝服务)DPA(Demand Priority Access,需求优先访问)DQDB(Distributed Queue Dual Bus,分布式队列双总线)DR(Designated Router,指定路由器)DRMASS(Digital Radio Multiple Access Subscriber System,数字式无线通信多路存取用户系统)DS(Differentiated Services,区分服务)DS(Distribution System,分布式系统)DSA(Digital Signature Algorithm,数字签名算法)DSAP(Destination Service Access Point,目的服务访问点)DSLAM (Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexer,数字用户线接入复用器)DSP(Digital Signal Processor,数字信号处理器)DSS(Digital Signature Standard,数字签名标准)DSS(Distribution System Service,分布式系统服务)DSSS(Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum,直接序列扩频)DSU(Data Service Unit,数据服务单元)DTD(Document Type Definition,文档类型定义)DTE(Data Terminal Equipment,数据终端设备)DUAL算法(Diffusing Update Algorithm,弥散更新算法)DVMRP(Distance Vector Multicast Routing Protocol,基于距离矢量算法的组播路由选择协议)D-V算法(Distance Vector Algorithm,距离矢量路由算法)EAI(Enterprise Application Integration,企业应用集成)EAP(Extensible Authentication Protocol,可扩展认证协议)eBGP(external BGP,外部BGP)EC(Echo Cancellation,回波抵消)EC(Electronic Commerce,电子商务)ECA(End user CA,终端用户CA)ECC(Elliptic Curves Cryptography,椭圆曲线密码算法)ECN(Explicit Congestion Notification,显式拥塞通知)ED(End Delimiter,结束定界符)EDI(Electronic Data Interchange,电子数据交换)EDIFACT(EDI For Administration, Commerce and Transport)EGA(Electronic Government Affair,电子政务)EGP(Exterior Gateway Protocol,外部网关协议)EGPs(Exterior Gateway Protocols,外部网关协议族)EIFS(Extended InterFrame Spacing,扩展帧间间隔)EIGRP(Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol,增强的内部网关路由协议)EJB(Enterprise JavaBeans,企业级JavaBeans)ELAN(Emulated LAN,仿真局域网)Email(Electronic Mail,电子邮件)ERP(Enterprise Resource Planning,企业资源计划)ES(End system,端系统)ES-IS(End System to Intermediate System Routing Exchange Protocol,终端系统到中间系统路由选择交换协议)ESP(Encapsulating Security Payload,封装安全性净荷)ESS(Extended Service Set,扩展服务集)ETSI(European Telecom Standards Institute,欧洲电信标准学会)ETX(End Of Text,文本结束符)FC(Frame Control,帧控制)FCS(Frame check sequence,帧检验序列)FDD(Frequency Division Duplexing,频分双工制)FDDI(Fiber Distributed Data Interface,光纤分布式数据接口)FDM(Frequency Division Multiplexing,频分多路复用)FDMA(Frequent Division Multiple Access,频分多址访问)FEC(Forward Error Correct,前向纠错重发方式)FEC(Forwarding Equivalence Class,转发等价类)FECN(Forward Explicit Congestion Notification,前向显式拥塞通知)FHSS(Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum,跳频扩频)FIFO(First In First Out,先进先出)Finger(User Information Protocol,用户信息协议)FL(Forward Link,前向链路)FM(Frequency Modulation,调频)FPS(Fast Packet Switching,快速分组交换)FR(Frame Relay,帧中继)FS(Frame State,帧状态)FSK(Frequency Shift Keying,频移键控)FT1(Fractional T1,部分T1)FTAM(File Transfer, Access&Management,文件传输、访问和管理)FTP(File Transfer Protocol,文件传输协议)FTTB(Fiber To The Building,光纤到楼)FTTH(Fiber To The Home,光纤到户)FWA(Fixed Wireless Access,固定无线接入技术)GEO(Geostationary Earth Orbit,地球同步轨道)GFC(General Flow Control,通用流量控制)GGP(Gateway-T o-Gateway Protocol,网关到网关协议)GPS(Global Positioning Service,全球定位服务)GRE(Generic Routing Encapsulation,通用路由封装)GSM(Global System for Mobile Communications,移动通信全球系统)HDLC(High Level Data Link Control,高级数据链路控制)HDSL(High data rate DSL,高数据速率数字用户线路)HEC(Header Error Control,信元头差错控制)HEC(Hybrid Error Correct,混合纠错方式)HFC(Hybrid Fiber-Coax,混合光纤-同轴电缆网)HMAC(Hash-Base Message Authentication Code)HMAC-HAS-1(Secure Hash Alogrithm Version 1)HPR(High Priority Request,高优先级请求)HR-DSSS(High-Rate Direct Sequence Seuquence Spectrum,高速率的直接序列扩频)HSDPA(High Speed Downlink Packet Access,高速下行分组接入)HTML(Hypertext Markup Language,超文件标记语言)HTTP(Hypertext Transfer Protocol,超文本传输协议)IANA(Internet Assigned Numbers Authority ,Internet网络号分配机构)IANA(Internet Assigned Numbers Authority,互联网地址指派机构)IAP(Internet Access Provider,Internet 接入提供商)iBGP(inter BGP,内部BGP)IBSS(Integrated Business Support System,综合业务支撑系统)ICI(Interface Control Information,接口控制信息)ICMP(Internet Control Message Protocol,Internet控制信息协议)ICP(Internet Content Provider,Internet内容提供商)ICV(Integrality Check Value,包的完整性验证值)IDC(Internet Data Center,互联网数据中心)IDEA(International Data Encryption Algorithm,国际数据解密算法)IDRP(Inter-Domain Router Protocol,域间路由协议)IDS(Intrusion Detection System,入侵检测系统)IDSL(ISDN DSL,ISDN数字用户线路)IDU(Interface Data Unit,接口数据单元)IEC(International Electrotechnical Commission,国际电工委员会)IEEE(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers,美国电气与电子工程师协会)IETF(Internet Engineering Task Force,互联网工程任务组)IGAP(IGMP for user Authentication Protocol,IGMP 用户认证协议)IGMP(Internet Group Management Protocol,Internet 组管理协议)IGPs(Interior Gateway Protocols,内部网关协议族)IGRP(Interior Gateway Routing Protocol,内部网关路由协议)IKE(Internet Key Management,密钥交换协议)ILD(Injection Laser Diode,注入型激光二极管)IMAP(Internet Message Access Protocol,因特网信息访问协议)IMS(IP Multimedia Sub-system,IP多媒体子系统)InARP(Inverse Address Resolution Protocol,帧中继环境的地址解析协议)INFO(Information,信息)InternetNIC(Internet's Network Information Center,Internet网络信息中心)IOS(Internetwork Operating System,网络操作系统)IP(Internet Protocol,网际协议)IPCP(IP Control Protocol,IP控制协议)IPDC(IP Device Control,IP设备控制)IPSec(IP Security,IP层安全协议)IPv4(Internet Protocol version 4,网际协议第4版)IPv6(Internet Protocol version 6,网际协议第6版)IPv6CP(IPv6 Control Protocol,IPv6控制协议)IPXCP(IPX PPP Control Protocol,PPP的IPX控制协议)IR(Infrared Ray,红外线)IRCP/IRC(Internet Relay Chat Protocol,因特网在线聊天协议)IRDP(ICMP Router Discovery Protocol,ICMP路由器发现协议)IS(Intermediate System,中间系统)ISAKMP(Internet Security Association and Key Management Protocol,Internet安全协作和密钥管理协议)ISDN (Integrated Services Digital Network,综合业务数字网络)IS-IS(Intermediate System to Intermediate System,中间系统到中间系统)ISM(Industrial Scientific and Medical)频段ISO (International Organization for Standardization,国际标准化组织)ISP(Internet Service Provider,Internet服务提供商)ITOT(ISO Transport service On top of the TCP,基于TCP/IP 的 ISO 传输协议)ITU(International Telecommunications Union,国际电信联盟)KDC(Key Distribution Center,密钥分发中心)KMI(Key Management Infrastruture,密钥管理基础设施)L2F(Level 2 Forwarding protocol,第二层转发协议)L2TP(Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol,第二层隧道协议)L3S(Layer 3 Switching,第三层交换技术)LAC(L2TP Access Concentrator,L2TP访问集中器)LAN(Local Area Network,局域网)LANE(LAN Emulation Over ATM,ATM网上的局域网仿真)LAP(Link Access Procedure,链路访问过程)LAPB(Link Access Procedure Balanced,平衡式链路访问过程)LAPD(Link Access Protocol on D Channel,D信道上的链路访问过程)LAPF(Link Access Procedure to Frame mode bearer service,帧模式承载业务链路访问过程)LAPM(Link Access Procedure for Modem,调制解调器的链路访问过程)LAPS(Link Access Procedure-SDH,SDH链路访问过程)LATA(Local Access and Transport Area,本地访问传输区域)LCP(Link Control Protocol,链路控制协议)LDAP(Lightweight Directory Access Protocol,轻量级目录访问协议)LDK(Lapped Double Key,多重双钥)LDP(Label Distribution Protocol,标记分发协议)LE(Local Exchange,本地交换机)LEC(LAN Emulation Client,局域网仿真客户)LEC(Local Exchange Carrier,本地交换电信局)LECS(LAN Emulation Configuration Server,局域网仿真配置服务器)LED(Light Emitting Diode,发光二极管)LEO(Low-Earth Orbit,低地球轨道)LER(Label Edge Router,标签边缘路由器)LES(LAN Emulation Server,局域网仿真服务器)LF(Low Frequency,低频)LIS(Logical IP Subnet,逻辑IP子网)LLC(Logical Link Control,逻辑链路控制)LMDS(Local Multipoint Distribution System,本地多点分分布式系统)LMI(Local Management Interface,本地网络接口)LNP(Local Number Portability,电话携号转网)LNS(L2TP Network Server,L2TP网络服务器)LOH(Line OverHead,线路开销)LPK(Lapped Public Key,多重公钥)LSA(Link State Advertisements,链路状态通告)LSACK(Link-State Acknowledgement,链路状态应答)LSP(Link-State Packets,链路状态数据报)LSR(Label Switching Router,标记交换路由器)LSR(Link State Request,链路状态请求)LSU(Link State Update,链路状态更新)L-S算法(Link State Algorithm,链路状态路由算法)MAC(Medium Access Control,媒体访问控制)MAC(Message Authentication Code,消息认证代码)MAN(Metropolitan Area Network,城域网)MARS(Multicast Address Resolution Server,组播地址解析协议)MBGP(Multicast Border Gateway Protocol,组播边界网关协议)MBONE(Internet Multicast Backbone,互联网组播主干,或称多目主干)MC(Mutiple Carrier,多载波)MCR(Minimum Cell Rate,最小信元速率)MD(Standard For Message Digest,消息摘要标准)MDF(Main Distribution Frame,主配线架)MEO(Medium-Earth Orbit,中间轨道)MF(Medium Frequency,中频)MH(Modified Huffman,修正的霍夫曼编码)MHAC-MD5(Message Digest Version 5)MIB(Management Information Base,管理信息库)MIC(Message Integrity Code,信息完整性编码)MIME(Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions,多用途因特网邮件扩展协议)M-JPEG(Motion- Join Photographic Experts Group,运动-联合图像专家组)MMDS(Microwave Multipoint Distribution Systems,无线微波多点分布式系统)MMR(Modified Modified Read,改进的二维压缩编码)Mobile IP(IP Mobility Support Protocol for IPv4 and IPv6,移动IP协议)MODEM(Modulation and Demodulation,调制解调器)MOSPF(Multicast Extensions OSPF,组播扩展OSPF协议)MOTIS(Message Oriented T ext Interchange System,面向消息的文件互换系统)MPC(Multi-Protocol Client,多协议客户端)MPDU(MAC层协议数据单元)MPEG(Moving Pictures Experts Group,运动图像专家组)MPLS(Multi-Protocol Label Switching,多协议标记交换)MPOA(Multi-Protocol Over ATM,ATM上的多协议)MPS(Multi-Protocol Server多协议服务器)MR(Modified Read,改进的像素相对地址指定码)MRP(Material Requirements Planning,物料需求计划)MS(Mobile Station,移动站)MSAP(MAC Service Access Point,MAC服务访问点)MSDP(Multicast Resource Discovery Protocol,组播资源发现协议)MTU(Maximum Transmission Unit,最大传输单元)MZAP(Multicast-scope Zone Announcement Protocol,组播区域范围公告协议)NAK(Network Allocation Vector,网络分配向量)NARP(NBMA Address Resolution Protocol,NBMA地址解析协议)NAS(Network Attached Storage,网络连接存储)NASP(Network Service Access Point,网络层服务访问点)NAT(Network Address Translation,网络地址转换)NBMA(Non-Broadcast Multi-Access,非广播多路访问)NCP(Network Control Protocol,网络控制协议)NCU(Network Control Unit,网络控制单元)NDIS(Network Drive Interface Specification,网络驱动接口规范)NDS(Novell Directory Service,Novell目录服务)NetBEUI(NetBIOS Enhanced User Interface / NetBIOS,NetBIOS 增强用户接口)NetBIOS(Network Basic Input Output System,网络基本输入输出系统)NFS(Network File System,网络文件系统)NHRP(Next Hop Resolution Protocol,下一跳解析协议)NIC(Network Interface Card,网卡)NID(Network Interface Device,网络接口设备)N-ISDN(Narrow-band Intergrated Services Digital Network,窄带ISDN)NISI(National Information Security Infrastructure,国家信息安全基础设施)NLRI(Network Layer Reachability Information,网络可达性信息)NMS(Network Management Station,网管工作站)NMT(Nordic Mobile Telephone,北欧移动电话)NNI(Nerwork-Network Interface,网络-网络接口)NNTP(Network News Transfer Protocol,网络新闻传输协议)NOS(Network Operating System,网络操作系统)NPAT(Network Port Address Translation,网络端口地址转换)NPR(Normal Priority Request,普通优先级请求)NRM(Normal Response Mode,正常响应方式)NRT-VBR(Not Realtime-Variable Bit Rate,非实时可变比特率业务)NRZ(Non Return-to-Zero,非归零编码)NRZ-I(Non Return-to-Zero Invert,非归零反相编码)NRZ-L(Non Return-to-Zero-Level,非归零电平编码)NSAP(Network Service Access Point,网络服务访问点)NSF(National Scientific Foundation,美国国家科学基金会)NSP(Network Service Provider,网络服务提供商)NT1(Network Terminal type 1,1类网络终端)NT1+(Network Terminal type 1 Plus,1+类网络终端)NT2(Network Terminal type 2,2类网络终端)NTP(Network Time Protocol,网络时间协议)NTRU(Number Theory Research Unit)NVT(Net Virtual Terminal,网络虚拟终端)OC(Optical Carrier,光载波)ODI(Open Data Interface,开放式数据接口)OFDM(Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing,正交频分多路复用)OGSA(Open Grid Services Architecture,开放网格体系结构)OMG(Object Management Group,对象管理组织)OSF(Open Software Foundation,开放式软件基金会)OSI RM(Open System Interconnection Reference Model,开放系统互联参考模型)OSI(Open Systems Interconnection,开放系统互连体系结构)OSPF(Open Shortest Path First,开放式最短路径优先协议)PA(Preamble,前导码)PAD(Packet Assembler/Disassembly,分组组装/拆装器)PAM(Pulse Amplitude Modulation,脉冲振幅调制)PAN(Personal Area Network,个人网)PAP(Password Authentication Protocol,密码认证协议)PAT(Port Address Translations,端口地址转换)PBX(Private Branch Exchange,分组交换机)PBXs(Private Branch Exchanges,专用分组交换机)PC(Pervasive Computing,普适计算)PCF(Point Coordination Function,点协调功能)PCI(Protocol Control Information,协议控制信息)PCM(Pulse Code Modulation,脉冲编码调制)PCR(Peak Cell Rate,峰值信元速率)PDC(Personal Digital Cellular,个人数字蜂窝)PDN(Public Data Network,公共数据网)PDU(Protocol Data Unit,协议数据单元)PDUs(Protocal Data Units,协议数据单元)PEM(Privacy Enhanced Mail)PES(Proposed Encryption Standard,分组密码建议)PGM(Pragmatic General Multicast Protocol,实际通用组播协议)PGP(Pretty Good Privacy)PHP(Personal Home Page:Hypertext Preprocessor)PHY(Physical Layer Protocol,物理层协议)PIFS(PCF InterFrame Spacing,PCF帧间间隔)PIM-DM(Protocol Independent Multicast-Dense Mode,密集模式独立组播协议)PIM-SM(Protocol Independent Multicast-Sparse Mode,稀疏模式独立组播协议)PKI(Public Key Infrastructure,公开密钥基础设施)PLP(Packet Level Protocol,分组层协议)PM(Phase Modulation,调相)PMD(Physical-Medium Dependent,物理介质相关)PMI(Privilege Management Infrastructure,授权管理基础设施)POH(Path OverHead,通道开销)POP(Point Of Presence,访问点)POP(Post Office Protocol,邮局协议)POSIX (Portable Operating System Interface ,可移植操作系统接口)POTS(Plain Old T elephone Service,普通老式电话业务)PPP(Point to Point Protocol,点对点协议)PPPoA(PPP over ATM AAL5,基于ATM AAL5的PPP协议)PPPoE(PPP over Ethernet,以太网上的PPP)PPTP(Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol,点对点隧道协议)PRI(Primary Rate Interface,一次群速率接口)PS(Packet Switched Domain,分组交换域)PSE(Packet Switched Equipment,分组交换机)PSK(Phase Shift Keying,相移键控)PSN(Packet Switched Network,分组交换网)PSNP(Partial Sequence Number PDU,部分序号PDU)PSTN(Public Switched Telephone Network,公共交换电话网)PT(Payload Type,净负荷类型指示)PTE(Path Terminating Element,路径端接设备)PVC(Permanent Virtual Circuit,永久虚电路)QAM(Quadrature Amplitude Modulation,正交调幅)QAM-16(16相正交幅度调制)QAM-64(64相正交幅度调制)QoS(Quality of Server,网络服务质量)QPSK(正交移相键控)RA(Requistration Authority,证书申请机构)RADIUS(Remote Authentication Dial-In User Service,远程认证拨号用户服务)RADSL(Rate-Adaptive DSL,速率自适应数字用户线路)RARP(Reverse Address Resolution Protocol,反向地址转换协议)RCA(Root Certificate Authority,根认证中心)RDC(Routing Domain Confederation,路由域联盟)RDP(Reliable Data Protocol,可靠数据协议)RGMP(Router-port Group Management Protocol,路由器端口组管理协议)RI(Routing information,路由信息)RIB(Routing Information Base,路由信息库)RIP(Routing information Protocol,路由信息协议)RIPng(RIP Next Generation for IPv6,IPv6环境中的下一代路由信息协议)RL(Reverse Link,反向链路)RLC(Run Length Coding,游程长度编码)RLOGIN(Remote Login in Unix,UNIX远程登录)RMON(Remote Monitor,远程监控)RMON(Remote Monitoring MIBs in SNMP,SNMP远程监控消息信息块)ROSE(Remote Operations Service Element,远程操作服务元素)RPC(Remote Procedure Call,远程过程调用)RSVP(Resource ReSerVation Protocol,资源预留协议)RSVP-TE(RSVP - Traffic Extension,基于流量工程扩展的资源预留协议)RT-VBR(Realtime-Variable Bit Rate,实时可变比特率业务)RUDP(Reliable UDP,可靠用户数据报协议)RWhois(RWhois Protocol / Remote Directory Access Protocol,远程目录访问协议)RZ(Return-to-Zero,归零编码)S/MIME(Secure/Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions,安全的多功能Internet电子邮件扩充)SA(Security Association,安全关联)SA(Source Addresses,源地址)SAD(Security Association Database,安全关联数据库)SAN(Storage Area Network,存储区域网络)SAP(Service Access Point,服务访问点)SAR子层(Segmentation And Reassembly Sublayer,拆分和重组子层)SAS(Single Attachment Station, 单连接站点)SC(Single Carrier,单载波)S-C(Splitter-Central,局端分离器)SCO链路(Synchronous Connection Oriented,面向连接的同步链路)SCR(Sustained Cell Rate,持续信元速率)SD(Start Delimiter,起始定界符)SDH(Synchronous Digital Hierarchy,同步数字系列)SDK(Seeded Double Key,种子化双钥)SDLC(Synchronous Data Link Control,同步数据链路控制)SDSL(Synchronous or Single-line DSL,单线对数字用户线路)SDU(Service Data Unit,服务数据单元)SEAL(Simple Efficient Adaptation Layer,简单有效的适配层)SECBR(Severly-Errored Cell Block Ratio,严重错误信元块比例)SET(Secure Electonic Transcation,安全电子交易协议)SFD(Start-of-Frame Delimiter,帧首定界符)SG(Security Gateway,安全网关)SGML(Stardand Generalized Markup Language,标准通用标记语言)SGMP(Simple Gateway Management Protocol,简单网关管理协议)SHA(Secure Hash Algorithm,安全散列算法)S-HTTP(Secure HTTP,安全的http协议)SIFS(Short InterFrame Spacing,短帧间间隔)SIP(SMDS Interface Protocol,SMDS接口协议)SIPP(Simple Internet Protocol Plus,简单Internet协议)SKEME(Secue Key Exchange Mechanism,Internet安全密钥交换机制)SKIP(Simple Key-exchange Internet Protocol简单密钥管理协议)SLIP(Serial Line IP,串行线路IP协议)SLP(Service Location Protocol,服务定位协议)SMDS(Switched Multimegabit Data Service,交换式多兆比特数据服务)SMI(Structure of Management Information,管理信息结构)SMT(Station Management,站点管理)SMTP(Simple Mail Transfer Protocol,简单邮件传输协议)SN(Services Node,业务节点)SNA(Systems Network Architecture,系统网络体系结构)SNI(Service Node Interface,业务节点接口)SNMP(Simple Network Management Protocol,简单网络管理协议)SNP(Sequence Number PDU,序号PDU)SNTP(Simple Network Time Protocol,简单网络时间协议)SOA(Service-Oriented Architecture,面向服务的体系结构)SOAP(Simple Object Access Protocol,简单对象访问协议)SOCKS(Protocol for sessions traversal across firewall securely,防火墙安全会话转换协议)SOH(Section OverHead,段开销)SOH(Start Of Header,报文头开始字符)SONET(Synchronous Optiical Network,同步光纤网络)SPD(Security Policy Database,安全策略数据库)SPE(Synchronous Payload Envelope,同步净荷包)SPF算法(Shortest Path First Algorithm,最短路径优先算法)SPK(Seeded Public Key,种子化公钥)S-R(Splitter-Remote,分离器)SS(Security Sublayer,安全子层)SS(Spread Spectrum,扩频)SS7(Signaling System No.7,7号信令系统)SSAP(Source Service Access Point,源服务访问点)SSCS(Service Specific Convergence Sublayer,服务特定会聚子层)SSH(Secure Shell Protocol,安全外壳协议)SSL(Secure Socket Layer,安全套接字协议层)STEP(Standard for The Exchange of Product model data,产品模型数据交换标准)STM(Synchronous Transfer Mode,同步传输模式)STP(Shielded Twisted Pair,屏蔽双绞线)STP(Spanning-Tree Protocol,生成树协议)STS(Synchronous Transport Signal,同步传输信号)SVC(Switched Virtual Circuit,交换虚电路/呼叫虚电路)SYN(synchronous Character,同步字符)TA(Terminal Adapter,终端适配器)TACS(T otal Access Communication System,全向接续通信系统)TALI(Transport Adapter Layer Interface,传输适配层接口)TCP(Transmission Control Protocol,传输控制协议)TCU(Trunk Coupling Unit,干线耦合器)TC子层(Transmission Convergence Sublayer,传输汇集子层)TDD(Time Division Duplexing,时分双工制)TDM(Time Division Multiplexing,时分多路复用)TDMA(Time Division Multiple Address,时分多址)TE(Terminal Equipment,终端设备)TE1(Terminal Equipment type 1,1类终端设备)TE2(Terminal Equipment type 2,2类终端设备)Telnet(TCP/IP Terminal Emulation Protocol,TCP/IP终端仿真协议)TFTP(Trivial File Transfer Protocol,简单文本传输协议)TGS(Ticket Granting Server,票据授权服务器)TIB(Tag Information Base,标记信息数据库)TKIP(Temporal Key Integrity Protocol,暂时密钥完整性协议)TLS(Transport Layer Security Protocol,安全传输层协议)TLS(Transport Layer Security,安全传输层)TM(Transmission Media Layer,传输媒质层)TMN(Telecommunications Management Network,电信管理网络)TOH(Transport OverHead,传输开销)TP(Transmission Path Layer,传输通道层)TP-DDI(Twisted-Pair Distributed Data Interface,双绞线铜缆分布式数据接口)TP-PMD(Twisted-Pair Physical Medium-Dependent,与物理介质相关的双绞线对)TSAP(Transport Service Access Point,传输层的服务访问点)TTL(Time To Live,生存时间)UAWG(Unibersal ADSL Working Group)UBR(Unspecified Bit Rate,未指定比特率业务)UDDI(Universal Description Discovery & Integration,统一描述、发现和集成协议)UDP(User Datagram Protocol,用户数据报协议)UNI(User Network Interface,用户网络接口)URL(Uniform Resource Locator,统一资源定位符)UTP(Unshielded Twisted Pair,非屏蔽双绞线)UTRA(Universal T errestrial Radio Access,通用地面无线接入)UWB(Ultra Wide Band超宽带)VACM(View-based Access Control Model,基于视图的访问控制模型)VCI(Virtual Channel Identifier,虚信道标识)VDSL(Very High Data Rate DSL,甚高比特率数字用户线路)VLAN(Virtual Local Area Network,虚拟局域网)VLF(Very Low Frequency,甚低频)VLSM(Variable Length Subnet Mask, 可变长子网掩码)VMPS服务器(VLAN Membership Policy Server,VLAN成员策略服务器)VOD(Video On Demand,视频点播系统)VoIP(Voice over IP,基于IP协议的语音服务)VPDN(Virtual Private Dial-Network)VPI(Virtual Path Identifier,虚通路标识)VPN(Virtual Private Network,虚拟专用网络)VRRP(Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol,虚拟路由冗余协议)VSAT(Very Small Aperture Terminal,甚小口径地球站)VTP(VLAN Trunk Protocol,VLAN干道协议)WAN(Wide Area Network,广域网)WDM(Wave Length Division Multiplexing,波分多路利用)Web Service(Web服务)WEP(Wired Equivalent Privacy,有线等效保密)WMAN(Wireless Metropolitan Area Network,无线城域网)Work Flow(工作流)WPA(Wi-Fi Protected Access,Wi-Fi网络保护访问)WPAN(Wireless Personal Area Net,无线个人网)WSDL(Web Service Description Language,Web服务描述语言)X.400(Message Handling Service Protocol,信息处理服务协议)xDSL(Digital Subscriber Line Technologies,数字用户线路)XLink(XML Linking Language,XML链接语言)XML(eXtensible Markup Language,可扩展的标记语言)XQuery(XML Query Language,XML查询语言)XSL(eXtensible Stylesheet Language,可扩展样式语言)X-Window/X Protocol(X-Window System Protocol,X 视窗协议)。
计算机网络_中英文名词术语对照表
Advanced Data Communication Control
Procedure
High-level Data Link Control
Point-to-Point Protocol
Link Control Protocol
Network Control Protocol
缩写 CRC
PAR ARQ
LAN
Metropolitan Area Networks
MAN
Wide Area Networks
WAN
对应的中文名称 开放系统互连 传输控制协议 国际互联网络协议 参考模型 物理层 数据链路层 网络层 传输层 会话层 表示层 应用层 异步传输模式 国际电讯联盟 国际标准化组织
美国国家标准学会 (美国)国家标准与与技术学会
Physical layer coding violations
Hamming Code
Hamming Distance
Even
Odd
Parity bit
Codeword
Finite state machine models
Petri net models
Synchronous Data Link Control
缩写 MAC CSMA CSMA/CD MACA
TDR
FE FDDI GE LLC
VLAN NIC
对应的中文名称 多路访问协议 介质访问控制 纯 ALOHA 协议 分槽 ALOHA 协议 载波侦听多路访问 带冲突检测的载波侦听多路访问 避免冲突的多路访问 冲突窗口 位图协议 二进制倒计数 适应树搜索协议 时域反射计 曼侧斯特编码 差分曼侧斯特编码 以太帧格式 二进制指数回退算法 快速以太网(100M) 光纤分布式数据接口 吉比特以太网(1G,1000M) 逻辑链路控制 透明网桥 交换机 逆向地址学习 泛洪/广播 转发 丢弃 过滤 冲突域 生成树 虚拟局域网 网络接口卡(网卡) 存储转发交换 直通交换 无分片交换
《计算机网络》中英词汇对照表
《计算机网络》中英文对照表Chapter 11.1Internet:因特网Computer network :计算机网络Host: 主机End system: 终端系统Packet switching: 分组交换Route: 路径Internet service provider (ISP): 因特网服务提供商Protocol: 协议Transmission Control Protocol (TCP):传输控制协议1.2Client: 客户端Server: 服务器Peer: 对等机Reliable data transfer: 可靠数据传输Flow control: 流量控制Congestion-control: 拥塞控制User Datagram Protocol (UDP): 用户数据报协议1.3Circuit switching: 电路交换/线路交换Packet switching: 分组交换Frequency-division multiplexing (FDM): 频分多路复用Time-division multiplexing (TDM): 时分多路复用Bandwidth: 带宽Time slot: 时隙Frame: 帧Message: 报文:Packet: 分组Store-and-forward: 存储转发Datagram network: 数据报网络Virtual-circuit network: 虚电路网络1.4Router: 路由器Modem: 调制解调器Local area network (LAN): 局域网Ethernet: 以太网Wireless LAN: 无线局域网Guided media: 导向型介质Unguided media: 非导向型介质Twisted-pair copper wire: 双绞线Unshielded twisted pair(UTP): 非屏蔽双绞线Coaxial cable: 同轴电缆Fiber optics: 光线/光缆1.6Nodal processing delay: 结点处理延迟Queuing delay: 排队延迟Transmission delay: 发送延迟Propagation delay: 传播延迟Traffic intensity: 流通强度End-to-end delay: 端到端延迟1.7Layer: 层次Protocol stack: 协议栈Application layer: 应用层Transport layer: 传输层Network layer: 网络层Link layer: 链路层Physical layer: 物理层Encapsulation: 封装Message: 报文Segment: 报文段Datagram: 数据报Frame: 帧Chapter 22.1Client-server architecture: 客户端-服务器体系结构;C/S结构P2P architecture: 对等结构Processes: 进程Socket: 套接字Application programming interface (API): 应用程序编程接口IP address: IP地址Prot number: 端口号Syntax: 语法Semantics: 语义Full-duplex: 全双工Handshaking: 握手Real-time application: 实时应用2.2The World Wide Web: 万维网HyperText Transfer Protocol (HTTP): 超文本传输协议Web page: 网页Object: 对象HyperText Markup Language (HTML): 超文本标记语言URL:统一资源定位符Browser: 浏览器Persistent connection: 持久连接Non-persistent connection: 非持久连接Round-trip time (RTT): 往返时间Without pipelining: 非流水线方式With pipelining: 流水线方式Web cache: web 缓存Proxy server: 代理服务器2.3File Transfer Protocol (FTP): 文件传输协议Control connection: 控制连接Data connection: 数据连接Out-of-band: 带外In-band: 带内2.4Electronic Mail: 电子邮件User agent: 用户代理Mail server: 邮件服务器Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP): 简单邮件传输协议Mailbox: 邮箱Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions (MIME): 多用途因特网邮件扩展协议Post Office Protocol (POP): 邮局协议Internet Mail Access Protocol (IMAP): Internet 邮件访问协议2.5Domain Name System (DNS): 域名系统Hostname: 主机名Host aliasing: 主机别名Mail server aliasing: 邮件服务器别名Load distribution: 负载分配Root DNS server: 根DNS服务器Top-Level Domain (TLD) servers: 顶级域DNS服务器Authoritative DNS servers: 授权DNS服务器;权威DNS服务器Local DNS server: 本地DNS服务器Database: 数据库Chapter 33.1Logical communication: 逻辑通讯3.2Multiplexing: 多路复用Demultiplexing: 多路分解Well-known port number: 众所周知的端口号3.3UDP segment: UDP报文段Checksum: 校验和;检查和Wrapped around: 回卷3.4Channel: 通道;信道Positive acknowledgement : 肯定应答Negative acknowledgement: 否定应答ARQ (automatic repeat request): 自动重传请求Feedback: 反馈Retransmission: 重传Stop-and-wait protocol: 停止-等待协议Duplicate packets: 冗余分组Sequence number: 顺序号Timer: 定时器Alternating-bit protocol: 比特交替协议Utilization: 利用率Go-back-N (GBN): 回退N步Window size: 窗口大小Sliding-window protocol: 滑动窗口协议Cumulative acknowledgement: 累积确认Timeout: 超时Selective Repeat (SR): 选择重传3.5Connection-oriented: 面向连接Point-to-point: 点到点Three-way handshake: 三次握手Maximum segment size (MSS): 最大报文段大小Maximum transmission unit (MTU): 最大传输单元Piggybacked: 捎带Sample RTT: 样本RTTFast retransmit: 快速重传Selective acknowledgement: 选择确认Flow-control: 流量控制Receive window: 接收窗口3.7Congestion control: 拥塞窗口Self-clocking: 自定时的Additive-increase, multiplicative-decrease: 加性增,乘性减Slow star: 慢启动Congestion avoidance: 拥塞避免Threshold: 阈值Fast recovery: 快速恢复Bottleneck: 瓶颈Latency: 延迟Chapter 44.1Forwarding: 转发Routing: 路由Routing algorithm: 路由算法Forwarding table: 转发表Router: 路由器Jitter: 抖动Best-effort service: 尽力而为的服务4.2Virtual-circuit (VC) network: 虚电路网络Datagram network: 数据报网络Prefix: 前缀Longest prefix matching rule: 最长前缀匹配规则4.3Input port: 输入端口Switching fabric: 交换结构Routing processor: 路由处理器Crossbar: 交叉结构4.4Time-to-live (TTL) :生存时间Fragmentation: 分片;片段Dotted-decimal notation: 点分十进制表示法Subnet: 子网Subnet mask: 子网掩码Classless Interdomain Routing (CIDR): 无类别域际路由选择Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol(DHCP):动态主机配置协议Plug-and-play: 即插即用Network address translation (NA T): 网络地址转换Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP): 因特网控制报文协议Dual-stack: 双栈Tunneling: 隧道4.5Default router: 默认路由器Graph: 图A global routing algorithm : 全局路由算法A decentralized routing algorithm : 分布式路由算法Static routing algorithm: 静态路由算法Dynamic routing algorithm : 动态路由算法Link-State (LS): 链路状态Distance-Vector(DV): 距离向量Routing table: 路由表Autonomous system (AS): 自治系统Intra-autonomous system routing protocol: 自治系统内路由协议Inter-AS routing protocol: 自治系统间路由协议4.6Interior gateway protocol: 内部网关协议Routing Information Protocol (RIP): 路由信息协议Open Shortest Path First (OSPF): 开放最短路径优先协议Advertisement: 公告Hop: 跳Border Gateway Protocol (BGP): 边界网关协议4.7Broadcast: 广播Multicast: 多播Chapter 55.1Node: 结点Link: 链路Frame: 帧Medium access control (MAC): 介质访问控制Full-duplex: 全双工Half-duplex: 半双工Adapter: 适配器Network interface card (NIC): 网卡Interface: 接口5.2Parity check: 奇偶校验Odd: 奇数Even: 偶数Cyclic redundancy check (CRC): 循环冗余校验Polynomial: 多项式5.3Collide: 冲突Multiple access protocol: 多路访问协议Channel partitioning protocol: 信道划分协议Random access protocol: 随机访问协议Taking-turns protocol: 轮转协议Code division multiple access (CDMA): 码分多址访问Carrier sensing: 载波侦听Collision detection: 冲突检测Polling protocol: 轮询协议Token-passing protocol: 令牌传递协议Token: 令牌Local Area Network (LAN): 局域网Token-ring: 令牌环Fiber distributed data interface (FDDI): 光纤分布式数据接口Metropolitan Area Network (MAN): 城域网5.4Address Resolution Protocol (ARP): 地址解析协议Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP): 动态主机配置协议5.5Ethernet: 以太网Preamble: 前导码Manchester encoding: 曼彻斯特编码5.6Hub: 集线器Collision domain: 冲突域Switch: 交换机Filtering: 过滤Forwarding: 转发Switch table: 交换表Self-learning: 自学习Plug-and-play devices: 即插即用设备Cut-through switching: 直通式交换5.7Point-to-point: (PPP): 点到点。
计算机网络英文缩写词汇
计算机网络英文缩写词汇索引AAAL(ATM Adaptation Layer) ATM 适配层ABR(Available Bit Rate)可用比特率ADSL(Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line) 非对称数字用户线ALOHA(Additive Link On-line HAwaii System) 一种随机接入系统,常用于卫星通信API(Application Programming Interface) 应用编程接口AAA(Authentication, Authorization and Accounting)认证、授权和计费ACL(Access Control List)访问控制列表ARP(Address Resolution Protocol)地址解析协议索引BBGP(Border Gateway Protocol)边界网关协议B-ISDN(Broadband-ISDN) 宽带综合业务数字网索引CCATV(CAble TV) 有线电视CBR(Constant Bit Rate) 恒定比特率CDMA(Code Division Multiplex Access)码分复用CGI(Common Gateway Interface) 通用网关接口CIR(Committed Information Rate) 许诺的信息速率CRC(Cyclic Redundancy Check)循环冗余校验CSMA/CD(Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection)载波监听多点接入/冲突检测CLI(Command Line Interface)命令行接口索引DDES(Data Encryption Standard) 数据加密标准DNS(Domain Name System) 域名系统DSL(Digital Subscriber Line)数字用户线DSSS(Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum) 直接序列扩频DTE(Data Terminal Equipment)数据终端设备索引EEGP(External Gateway Protocol) 外部网关协议EIA(ELectronic Industries Association)美国电子工业协会FDDI(Fiber Distributed Data Interface) 光纤分布式数据接口索引FFIFO(First In First Out)先进先出FTP(File Transfer Protocol)文件传输协议FTTB(Fiber To The Building)光纤到大楼FTTC(Fiber To The Curb)光纤到路边FTTH(Fiber To The Home)光纤到家FTP(File Transfer Protocol)文件传输协议索引GGFC(Generic Flow Control) 一般流量控制GARP(Generic Attribute Registration Protocol)通用属性注册协议GE(Gigabit Ethernet)千兆以太网GVRP(GARP VLAN Registration Protocol)GARP VLAN注册协议GMRP(GARP Multicast Registration Protocol)GARP多播注册协议索引HHDLC(High-level Data Link Control)高级数据链路控制HDSL(High speed DSL) 高级数字用户线HEC(Head Error Control)首部差错控制HFC(Hybrid Fiber Coax)光纤同轴混合网HTML(HyperText Markup Language) 超文本置标语音HTTP(HyperText Transfer Protocol)超文本传送协议HGMP(Huawei Group Management Protocol)华为组管理协议索引IIAB(Internet Architecture Board) Interent体系结构委员会ICMP(Internet Control Message Procotol) Internet控制报文协议IDEA(International Data Encryption Algorithm)国际数据加密算法IFS(InterFrame Space)帧间间隔IGMP(Internt Group Management Protocol) Internet组管理协议IGP(Interior Gateway Protocol) 内部网关协议IP(Internet Protocol) 网际协议IPX(Internet Packet Exchange) 网络层的分组交换协议IR(InfraRed)红外技术ISA(Integrated Services Architecture)综合业务体系结构ISDN(Integrated Services Digital Network) 综合业务数字网索引J索引KKDC(Key Distribution Center) 密钥分配中心索引LLAN(Local Area Network) 局域网LANE(LAN Emulation)局域网仿真LAPB(Link Access Procedure Balanced)链路接入规程(平衡型)LAPD(Link Access Procedure on the D Channel)链路接入规程(D通道) LLC(Logical Link Control) 链路控制规程索引MMAC(Medium Access Control) 介质访问控制MAN(Metropolitan Area Network)城域网MARS(Multicast Address Resolution Server)多播地址解析服务器MBONE(Multicast Backbone On the InterNEt)多播主干网MBS(Maximum Burst Size)最大突发长度MCS(MultiCast Server)多播服务器MD(Message Digest)报文摘要MIB(Management Information Base) 管理信息库MIME(Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions)通用Internet邮件扩充MTA(Message Transfer Agent)报文传送代理索引NNCC(Network Control Center)网络控制中心NFS(Network File System)网络文件系统NIC(Network Interface Card)网络接口卡或网卡NII(National Information Infrastructure)国家信息基础设施NNI(Network-Node Interface)网络结点接口NVT(Network Virtual Terminal)网络虚拟终端NMS(Network Management System)网络管理系统NVRAM(Nonvolatile RAM)非易失随机存储器索引OOAM(Operation,Administration and Maintenance)(网络)运行、管理和维护OC(Optical Carrier)光载波OS(Operation System)(网络)运行环境OSI/RM(Open System Interconnection Reference Model)开放系统互连参考模型OSPF(Open Shortest Path First) 开放最短通路优先索引PPAD(Packet Assembler/Disassembler)分组装拆器PCM(Pulse Code Modulation)脉冲编码调制PCS(Personal Communication Services)个人通信PDU(Protocol Data Unit)协议数据单元POP(Post Office Protocol)邮局协议PPP(Point-to-Point Protocol)点对点协议PT(Payload Type) 负荷类型索引QQAM(Quadrature Amplitude Modulation) 正交幅度调制QoS(Quality of Service) 服务质量索引RRAN(Residential Access Network)居民接入网RARP(Reverse Address Resolution Protocol)逆地址解析协议RBB(Residential BroadBand network)居民宽带网RFC(Request For Comments)是Internet的文档,其中的少部分成为标准文档RIP(Routing Information Protocol)路由信息协议RPC(Remote Procedure Call) 远程过程调用RTP(Real-time Transfer Protocol)实时传送协议RMON(Remote Network Monitoring)远程网络监视RSTP(Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol)快速生成树协议索引SSAP(Service Access Point)服务访问点SDU(Service Data Unit)服务数据单元SMI(Structure of Management Information) 管理信息结构SMTP(Simple Mail Transfer Protocol)简单邮件传送协议SNA(System Network Architecture)IBM系统网络体系结构SNMP(Simple Network Management Protocol)简单网络管理协议SONET(Synchronous Optical Network)同步光纤网STP(Shielded Twisted Pair)屏蔽双绞线SNMP(Simple Network Management Protocol)简单网管协议STP(Spanning Tree Protocol)生成树协议索引TTA(Terminal Adapter) 终端适配器TC(Transmission Convergence) 传输会聚(子层)TCB(Transmission Control Block) 传输控制程序块TCP(Transmission Control Protocol)传输控制协议TETP(Trivial File Transfer Protocol)简单文件传送协议TCP/IP(Transmission Control Protocol/ Internet Protocol)传输控制协议/互联网协议TFTP(Trivial File Transfer Protocol)简单文件传输协议TTL(Time To Live )生存时间索引UUA(User Agent) 用户代理UBR(Unspecified Data Transfer) 不指明比特率UIB(User Interface Box) 用户接口盒子UNI(User-to-Network Interface) 用户网络接口URL(Uniform Resource Locator)统一资源定位符UTP(Unshield Twisted Pair)非屏蔽式双绞线UDP(User Datagram Protocol)用户数据报协议索引VVBR(Variable Bit Rate) 可变比特率VCI(Virtual Channel Identifier) 虚通路标识符VoD(Video on Demand)视频点播VPI(Virtual Path Identifier) 虚通道标识符VSAT(Very Small Aperture Terminal)甚小口径地球站VLAN(Virtual Local Area Network)虚拟局域网VOD(Video On Demand)视频点播VT(Virtual Terminal)虚拟终端VTY(Virtual Type Terminal)虚拟类型终端,用于虚拟线路索引WWAN(Wide Area Network) 广域网WDM(Wavelengh Division Multiplexing) 波分复用索引XXDR(eXternal Data Representation) 外部数据表示XTP(Real-time Transport Protocol)实时运输协议索引Y索引Z第一单元ISP Internet Service Provider 互联网服务提供商TCP Transmission Control Protocol 传输控制协议UDP User Datagram Protocol 用户数据包协议P2P peer-to-peer 对等网络API Application Programming Interface 应用程序接口ADSL Asymmetric digital subscriber line 非对称数字用户线路HFC h ybrid fiber-coaxial cable 混合光纤同轴电缆LAN local area network 局域网FDM frequency-division multiplexing 频分多路复用TDM time-division multiplexing 时分多路复用PPP Point-to-Point Protocol 端对端协议ATM asynchronous transfer mode 异步传输模式第二单元HTTP HyperText Transfer Protocol 超文本传输协议Wide Web 万维网SMTP Simple Mail Transfer Protocol 简单邮件传输协议POP3 Post office Protocol-version 3 邮局协议第三版IMAP Internet Mail Access Protocol 交互式邮件存取协议DNS domain name system 域名解析系统Transfer Protocol 文件传输协议第四单元IP Internet Protocol 网际协议ICMP Internet Control Message Protocol 网间控制报文协议NA T N etwork Address Translator 网络地址转换CIDR Classless Interdomain Routing 无类型域间选路DHCP Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol 动态主机配置协议OSPF Open Shortest Path First 开放式最短路径优先RIP Routing Information Protocol 路由信息协议BGP B order Gateway Protocol 边界网关协议第五单元MAC medium access control 媒体存取控制NIC network interface card 网络接口卡CRC cyclic redundancy check 循环冗余码校验CDMA code division multiple access 码分多址CSMA carrier sense multiple access 载波侦听多路访问CSMA/CD carrier sense multiple access with collision detection 载波监听多路访问/冲突检测ARP A ddress Resolution Protocol 地址解析协议。
计算机网络名词英文缩写解释大全
ISO 国际标准化组织 International Organization for Standardization
(或简称International Standard Organization)
CERNET 中国教育科研网
CIDR 无类型域间路由 Classless InterDomain Routing
CLIP Classical IP
CLP 信元丢失优先级
CMIS/CMIP the Common Management Information Service/Protocol
CPAN Comprehensive Perl archieve Network
CPE Customer Premises Equipment
CPCS 公共部分会聚子层 Common Part Convergence Sublayer
CR Carriage Return
HEC 信头错误控制 Header Error Control
HCS 头校验序列 Header Check Sequence
HDLC 高级数据链路控制(协议) High-Level Data Link Control
HDTV 数字高清晰度电视 High Definition TeleVision
DS-3 Digital Standard-3
DSMA 数字侦听多重访问 Digital Sense Multiple Access
DSP Digital Signal Processing
DTE 数据终端设备 Data Terminal Equipment
电脑的各种英文缩写和翻译
DDR 简单地说就是双通道内存的意思。
DDR内存现在渐渐成为内存市场中新的宠儿,因其合理的性价比从其诞生以来一直受到人们热烈的期望,希望这一新的内存产品全面提升系统的处理速度和带宽,就连对Rambus 抱有无限希望的Intel公司也向外界宣布将以最快的速度生产支持DDR内存的新一代P4系统。
不难看出,DDR真的是大势所趋。
ICH的全称是I/O Controller Hub(输入/输出控制集线器,用于连接交互AC97控制器、IDE 控制器、双USB接口,以及其它的PCI插卡(如PCI声卡)。
MCH的全称是Memory Controller,内存控制中心。
Inter 8xx{820`840}芯片组中用于控制AGP,CPU,内存等组件工作芯片。
ATA是AT Attachment的缩写,意思是AT计算机上的附加设备。
ATA可以使用户方便地在PC机上连接硬盘。
ATA标准从1994年至今共经历了7代标准,现在简述如下:ATA-1(1994):是最早的IDE标准。
ATA-2(1996):是EIDE的标准,支持PIO3,4和DMA 1,2传输方式,最大数据传输速度为16MB/s。
ATA-3(1997):引入了SMART和安全特性,没有制定新的传输标准。
ATA-4(1998):著名的“UDMA33”标准。
引入了新的ATA命令和协议,最大数据传输速度为33MB/s。
ATA-5(2000):增加了一些新的ATA命令。
最大数据传输速度为66MB/s。
ATA-6(2000):UDMA100。
ATA-7(2002):UDMA133。
SATA串行ATA,是Inter发布的外设产品中采用的接口类型。
它以连续串行的方式传送资料,在同一时间点内只会有1位数据传输。
这么做可以减小接口的针脚数,用四个针就能完成所有的工作(第一针发出,第二针接收,第三针供电,第四针接地)。
能降低电力消耗,减小发热量。
有较新的SATA100,支持最大外部数据传输率达100MB/s,IBM的Deskstar 75GXP 及Deskstar 40GV就是第一次采用此ATA-100接口类型的产品。
计算机网络名词缩写及中英文对照
计算机网络名词缩写及中英文对照ACK Acknowledgement,确认AES Advanced Encryption Standard,高级加密标准ATM Asynchronous Transfer Mode,异步传输模式ADSL Asymmetric DSL或Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line,非对称数字用户线路ALOHA Aloha,Aloha协议ANSI American National Standards Institute,美国国家标准协会ARP Address Resolution Protocol,地址解析协议BGP Border Gateway Protocol,边界网关协议CDMA Code Division Multiple Access,码分多路访问CGI Common Gateway Interface,公共网关接口CIDR Classless Inter Domain Routing,无类别域间路由CRC Cyclic Redundancy Check,循环冗余校验码CSMA/CD Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection,带冲突检测的载波检测多路访问CSMA/CA Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance,避免冲突的载波检测多路访问CTS Clear To Send,清除发送DCE Data Communications Equipment,数据通信设备DHCP Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol,动态主机配置协议DES Data Encryption Standard,数据加密标准DNS Domain Name System,域名系统DTE Data Terminal Equipment,数据终端设备EGP Exterior Gateway Protocol,外部网关协议FCS Frame Check Sequence,帧检验序列FDM Frequency Division Multiplexing,频分多路复用FDDI Fiber Distributed Data Interface,光纤分布式数据接口FR Frame Relay,帧中继FTP File Transfer Protocol,文件传输协议HDLC High-level Data Link Control,高级数据链路控制HTML Hyper Text Markup Language,超文本标记语言HTTP Hyper Text Transfer Protocol,超文本传输协议ICMP Internet Control Message Protocol,Internet控制消息协议IFS Inter Frame Spacing,帧间隔IGP Interior Gateway Protocol,内部网关协议IMAP Internet Message Access Protocol, Internet消息访问协议IP Internet Protocol,网络互联协议ISDN Integrated Services Digital Network,综合业务数字网JPEG Joint Photographic Experts Group,联合图像专家组LAN Local Area Network,局域网MAC Medium Access Control,介质访问控制MD Message Digest,消息摘要MIME Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions,多用途Internet邮件扩展MPEG Motion Picture Experts Group,运动图像专家组NAK negative acknowledgement,否定的确认NAT Network Address Translation,网络地址转换NIC Network Interface Card,网卡OSI/RM Open Systems Interconnection Reference Model,开放系统互连参考模型OSPF Open Shortest Path First,开放的最短路径优先PCM Pulse Code Modulation,脉冲编码调制PDU Protocol Data Unit,协议数据单元PPP Point-to-Point Protocol,点到点协议RIP Routing Information Protocol,路由信息协议RTP Real-time Transport Protocol,实时传输协议RTCP Real-time Transport Control Protocol,实时传输控制协议RTS Request To Send,请求发送RTT Round Trip Time,往返时延RARP Reverse Address Resolution Protocol,反向地址解析协议SAP Service Access Point,服务访问点SDH Synchronous Digital Hierarchy,同步数字系列SDU Service Data Unit,服务数据单元SMTP Simple Mail Transfer Protocol,简单邮件传输协议SONET Synchronous Optical NETwork,同步光网络SSL Secure Sockets Layer,安全套接字层TCP Transmission Control Protocol,传输控制协议TDM Time Division Multiplexing,时分多路复用TTL Time To Live,生存时间UTP Unshielded Twisted Pair,无屏蔽双绞线UDP User Datagram Protocol,用户数据报协议URL Uniform Resource Locator,统一资源定位符VC Virtual Circuit,虚电路VLAN Virtual Local Area Network,虚拟局域网V oIP V oice over IP,IP语音VPN Virtual Private Networks,虚拟私有网络WWW World Wide Web,万维网。
计算机必备--计算机常用英文缩写和中文翻译大全
计算机必备--计算机常用英文缩写和中文翻译大全CPU:Central Processing Unit,中央处理单元,又叫中央处理器或微处理器,被喻为电脑的心脏。
RAM:Random Access Memory,随机存储器,即人们常说的“内存”。
ROM:Read-Only Memory,只读存储器。
EDO:Extended Data Output,扩充数据输出。
当CPU的处理速度不断提高时,也相应地要求不断提高DRAM传送数据速度,一般来说,FPM(Fast Page Model)DRAM传送数据速度在60-70ns,而EDO DRAM比FPM快3倍,达20ns。
目前最快的是SDRAM(Synchronous DRAM,同步动态存储器),其存取速度高达10ns。
SDRAM:Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory,同步动态随机存储器,又称同步DRAM,为新一代动态存储器。
它可以与CPU总线使用同一个时钟,因此,SDRAM存储器较EDO存储器能使计算机的性能大大提高。
Cache:英文含义为“(勘探人员等贮藏粮食、器材等的)地窖;藏物处”。
电脑中为高速缓冲存储器,是位于CPU和主存储器DRAM(Dynamic Randon Access Memory)之间,规模较小,但速度很高的存储器,通常由SRAM(Static Random Access Memory静态存储器)组成。
CMOS:是Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor的缩写,含义为互补金属氧化物半导体(指互补金属氧化物半导体存储器)。
CMOS是目前绝大多数电脑中都使用的一种用电池供电的存储器(RAM)。
它是确定系统的硬件配置,优化微机整体性能,进行系统维护的重要工具。
它保存一些有关系统硬件设置等方面的信息,在关机以后,这些信息也继续存在(这一点与RAM完全不同)。
开机时,电脑需要用这些信息来启动系统。
计算机专业英语名词(缩写及翻译)
AAT(Average accesstime,平均存取时间)ABS(Auto Balance System,自动平衡系统)AM(Acousti c Managem ent,声音管理)ASC(Advance d Size Check,高级尺寸检查)ASMO(Advance d Storage Magneto-Optical,增强形光学存储器)AST(Average Seek time,平均寻道时间)ATA(Advance d Technol ogy Attachm ent,高级技术附加装置)ATOMM(Advance d super Thin-layer and high-OutputMetal Media,增强形超薄高速金属媒体)BBS(BIOS Boot Specifi cation,基本输入/输出系统启动规范)BPI(Bit Per Inch,位/英寸)bps(bit per second,位/秒)bps(byte per second,字节/秒)CAM(CommonAccessModel,公共存取模型)CF(Compact FlashCard,紧凑型闪存卡)CHS(Cylinde rs、Heads、Sectors,柱面、磁头、扇区)CSS(CommonCommand Set,通用指令集)DBI(dynamic bus inversi on,动态总线倒置)DIT(Disk Inspect ion Test,磁盘检查测试)DMA(DirectMemoryAccess,直接内存存取)DTR(Disk Transfe r Rate,磁盘传输率)EIDE(enhance d Integra ted Drive Electro nics,增强形电子集成驱动器)eSATA(Externa l SerialATA,扩展型串行AT A)FDB(fluid-dynamic bearing s,动态轴承)FAT(File Allocat ion Tables,文件分配表)FC(Fibre Channel,光纤通道)FDBM(Fluid dynamic bearing motors,液态轴承马达)FDB(Fluid Dynamic Bearing,非固定动态轴承)FDC(FloppyDisk Control ler,软盘驱动器控制装置)FDD(FloppyDisk Driver,软盘驱动器)GMR(giant magneto resist ive,巨型磁阻)HDA(Head Disk Assembl y,头盘组件)HiFD(high-capacit y floppydisk,高容量软盘)IDE(Integra ted Drive Electro nics,电子集成驱动器)IPEAK SPT(Intel Perform ance Evaluat ion and Analysi s Kit - Storage Perform ance Toolkit,英特尔性能评估和分析套件- 存储性能工具包)JBOD(Just a Bunch Of Disks,磁盘连续捆束阵列)LBA(Logical Block Address ing,逻辑块寻址)MR(Magneto-resisti ve Heads,磁阻磁头)MBR(MasterBoot Record,主引导记录)ms(Millise cond,毫秒)MSR(Magneti callyinduced Super Resolut ion,磁感应超分辨率)MTBF(Mean Time BeforeFailure,平均无故障时间)NQC(NativeQueuing Command,内部序列命令)NTFS(Net Technol ogy File System,新技术文件系统)OTF(on-the-fly,高速数据传输错误纠正)PCBA(Pring Circuit Board Assembl y,印刷电路电路板组件)PIO(Program med Input Output,可编程输入输出模式)PRML(Partial Respons e Maximum Likelih ood,最大可能部分反应,用于提高磁盘读写传输率)RAID(Redunda nt Array of Indepen dent Disks,独立磁盘冗余阵列)RAID(Redunda nt Array of Inexpen sive Disks ,廉价磁盘冗余阵列)RPM(Rotatio n Per Minute,转/分)RSD: Removab le Storage Device(移动式存储设备)RST(Read Service Times,读取服务时间)SAMS(Seagate's Advance d Multi Drive System,希捷高级多硬盘系统)SAS(SerialAttache d SCSI,串行SCSI)SATA(SerialATA,串行ATA)SBT(sound barrier technol ogy,声音阻碍技术)SCSI(Small Compute r SystemInterfa ce,小型计算机系统接口)SCMA:SCSI Configu red Auto Magical ly,SCSI自动配置SLDRAM(Synchno nous Link DRAM,同步链路内存)S.M.A.R.T.(Self-Monitor ing, Analysi s and Reporti ngTechnol ogy,自动监测、分析和报告技术)SPS(Shock Protect ion System,抗震保护系统)SSO(simulta neousl y switchi ng outputs,同时开关输出)STA(SCSI Trade Associa tion,SCSI同业公会)STR(sequent ial transfe r rates,连续内部数据传输率)TCQ(taggedcommand queuing,标签命令序列)TFI(Thin-Film Inducte d Heads,薄膜感应磁头)TPI (Track Per Inch,磁道/英寸)Ultra CF(Ultra Compact FlashCard,超级紧凑型闪存卡)Ultra DMA(Ultra DirectMemoryAccess,超高速直接内存存取)LVD(Low Voltage Differe ntial)Wpcom(Write-Precomp ensati on Cylinde rs,写电流补偿柱面数)WST(Write Service Times,写入服务时间)AAM(Automat ic Acousti c Managem ent,自动机械声学管理)CBDS(Continu ous Backgro und DefectScannin g,连续后台错误扫描)DiscWiz ard(磁盘控制软件)DST(Drive Self Test,磁盘自检程序)SeaShie ld(防静电防撞击外壳)ADIP(Address In Pre-Groove,预凹槽寻址)ASPI(Advance d SCSI Program ming Interfa ce,高级SCSI可编程接口)ATAPI(AT Attachm ent PacketInterfa ce,AT扩展包接口)BCF(Boot Catalog File,启动目录文件)BURN-Proof(BufferUnderRu N-Proof,防止缓冲区溢出,三洋的刻录保护技术)BIF(Boot Image File,启动映像文件)CAV(Constan t Angular Velocit y,恒定角速度)CD(Compact Disc)CDR(CD Recorda ble,可记录光盘)CD-ROM/XA(CD-ROM eXtende d Archite cture,唯读光盘增强形架构)CDRW(CD-Rewrita ble,可重复刻录光盘)CLV(Constan t LinearVelocit y,恒定线速度)DAE(digital Audio Extract ion,数据音频抓取)DAO(Disc At Once,整盘刻录)DAO-RAW(Disc At Once Read after Write,整盘刻录-写后读)DDSS(DoubleDynamic Suspens ion System,双悬浮动态减震系统)DDSS II(DoubleDynamic Suspens ion SystemII,第二代双层动力悬吊系统)DVD(Digital Video/Versati le Disk,数字视频/万能光盘)DVD-R(DVD Recorda ble,可记录DVD盘)DVD-RW(DVD Rewrita ble,可重复刻录DV D盘)DVD-RAM(Digital Video/Versati le Disk - RandomAccessMemory,随机存储数字视频/万能光盘)ESER(EAC SecureExtract Ripping,EAC安全抓取复制)GM(Glass Mould,玻璃铸制)GSM(Galvani zation Superco nducti ve Materia l,电镀锌超导材料)IPW(Increme ntal PacketWriting,增量包刻录)LIMDOW(Light Intensi ty Modulat ion DirectOverWri te,光学调制直接覆盖)LG(Land Groove,岸地凹槽)MAMMOS(magneti c amplify ing magneto-optical system,磁畴放大播放系统)MD(MiniDis c,微型光盘)ML(multi-level,多层光盘技术)MO(Magneto Optical,磁光盘)OTF(On The Fly,飞速刻录)OWSC(Optimum Write Speed Control、优化写入速度控制)PCAV(Part Constan t Angular Velocit y,部分恒定角速度)PPLS(Pure Phase Laser System,纯相位激光系统)RS-PC(Reed-Solomon Product Code,里德所罗门编码)RLL(Run Lengthlimited,运行长度限制码)SACD(Super Audio CD,超级音频CD)SAO(Sessino At Once,区段刻录)SARC(Super-Advance d Rapid Cooling,超高级快速冷却)SC(Spin Coat,旋转覆盖)SCM(Spin Coat Method,旋压覆盖法)SLL(SeamLes s Link,无缝连接)SMT(Superco nducti ve Microth erm Technol ogy,超导体散热材料)Super RENS(super resolut ion near-field structu re,超精细近场结构)TAO(Track At Once,轨道刻录)TBW(ThermoBalance d Writing,热电平衡写入)VCD(Video COMPACT DISC,视频CD)VIPC(Intelli gent Variabl e Power Correct,智能变功纠错技术)WD(Working Distanc e,工作距离)SOS(Smart ObjectSalvati on,智能目标分析拯救系统)TADS(TargetAcquisi tion and Designa ntionFor DVD,DVD目标获取和指定)AAS(Automat ic Area Seagmen t?)dpi(dot per inch,每英寸的打印像素)ECP(Extende d Capabil itiesPort,延长能力端口)EPP(Enhance d Paralle l Port,增强形平行接口)IPP(Interne t Printin g Protoco l,因特网打印协议)MPT(Micro Piezo Technol ogy,微针点压电)ppm(paper per minute,页/分)SPP(Standar d Paralle l Port,标准并行口)TA(ThermoAutochr ome,全彩色感热式热感打印)TB(Thermal Bubble,热泡式)TET(Text Enhance d Technol ogy,文本增强技术)USBDCDP D(Univers al SerialBus DeviceClass Definit ion for Printin gDevices,打印设备的通用串行总线级标准)VD(Variabl e Dot,变点式列印)CIS(Contact Image Sensors,接触图像传感器)TWAIN(Toolkit Without An Interes ting Name,无注名工具包协议)ADT(Advance d DRAM Technol ogy,高级内存技术)ANSI(America n Nationa l Standar ds Institu te,美国国立标准协会)BAD(Best Amiga Dominat ors)CBF: Cable Broadba nd Forum,电缆宽带论坛CEA(Consume r Electro nics Associa tion,消费者电子协会)CEMA(Consume r Electro nics Manufac turing Associa tion(消费者电子制造业协会)CPE: Custome r Premise Equipme nt(用户预定设备)CSA(Canadia n Standar ds Associa tion,加拿大标准协会)DCA: Defense Communi cation Agency,国防部通信局DOJ: Departm ent of Justice(反不正当竞争部门)DSP: Deliver y Service Partner(交付服务合伙人)DVB:Digital Video Broadca sting,数字视频广播E3(Electro nic Enterta inment Expo,电子娱乐展览会)EFF: Electro nic Frontie r Foundat ion(电子前线基金会)EPA(Environ mental Protect ion Agency,美国环境保护局)ETRI(Electro nics and Telecom munica tionsResearc hInstitu te,电子和电信研究协会)FCC(Federal Communi cation s Commiss ion,联邦通信委员会)FTC(Federal Trade Commiss ion,联邦商业委员会)GDC(Game Develop er Confere nce,游戏发展商会议)HTTC(HyperTr anspor t Technol ogy Consort ium,HyperTr anspor t技术协会)ICT(Informa tion and Communi cation s Technol ogy,信息和通讯技术)IEC(Interna tional Electro techni cal Commiss ion,国际电子技术委员会)ISSCC(Interna tional Solid-State Circuit s Confere nce,国际晶体管电路讨论会)ICSA: Interna tional Compute r Securit yAssocia tion(国际计算机安全协会),它的前身为NC SA(Nationa l Compute rSecurit y Associa tion,国家计算机安全协会)ITU(Interna tional Telecom munica tionsUnion,国际电信同盟)IEEE(Institu te of Electri cal and Electro nics Enginee rs,电子电路工程师协会)IETF(Interne t Enginee ring Task Force,因特网工程任务组)IFWP: Interna tional Forum White Paper,国际白皮书论坛ISC(Interna tional Steerin g Committ ee,国际筹划指导委员会)ISO/MPEG: Interna tional Standar d Organiz ation's MovingPictureExpertGroup(国际标准化组织的活动图片专家组)ISOM(Interna tional Symposi um on Optical Memory,光盘国际会议)ISSCC(IEEE Interna tional Solid-State Circuit sConfere nce,IEEE国际固态电路协议)ITAA: Informa tion Technol ogy Associa tion of America n,美国信息技术协会ITWG(interna tional technol ogy working groups,国际技术工作组)JCIA(Japan CameraIndustr y Associa tion,日本摄影机工业协会)。
《计算机网络》英文缩写
AACK (ACKnowledgement) 确认ADSL(Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line)非对称数字用户线AES (Advanced Encryption Standard)先进的加密标准AF PHB (Assured Forwarding PerHop Behavior)确保转发每跳行为AH (Authntication Header)鉴别首部AIMD (Additive Increase Multiplicative Decrease)加法增大乘法减小AN (Access Network)接入网ANSI (American National Standards Institute)美国国家标准协会AP(Access Point)接入点AP(Application)应用程序API (Applicatin Programming Interface)应用编程接口APNIC (Asia Pacific Network Information Center)亚太网络信息中心ARIN (American Registry for Internet Numbers) 美国因特网好码注册机构ARP(Address Resolution Protocol) 地址解析协议ARPA(Advanced Research Project Agency)美国国防部远景研究规划局(高级研究计划署)ARQ (Automatic Repeat reQuest)自动重传请求AS (Authentication System)自治系统AS (Authentication Server)鉴别服务器ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange)美国信息交换标准码ASN (Autonomous System Number)自治系统号ASN.I (Abstract Syntax Notation One)抽象语法记法ATM (Asynchronous Transfer Node)异步传递发式ATU (Access Termination Unit) 接入端接单元ATUC (Access Termination Unit Central Office)端局接入端接单元ATUR (Access Termination Unit Remote)远端接入端接单元AVTWG(Audio/Video Transport Working Group)音频/视频运输工作组AWT(Abstract WindowToolkit)抽象窗口工具箱BBER (Bit Error Rate)误码率BER (Basic Encoding Rule)基本编码规则BGP(Border Gateway Protocol) 边界网关协议BOOTP(BOOTstrap Protocol) 引导程序协议BSA(Basic ServiceArea )基本服务区BSS (Basic Service Set) 基本服务集BSSID (Basic Service Set ID)基本服务集标识符BT(BitTorrent) 一种P2P程序CCA(CertificationAuthority)认证中心CA(CollisionAvoidance)碰撞避免CATV(Community AntennaTV,Cable TV)有线电视CBT(Core Based Tree)基于核心的转发树CCIR(Consultative Committee ,International Radio)国际无线电咨询委员会CCITT(Consutative Committee, International Telegraphand Telephone)国际电报电话咨询委员会CDM(Code Division Multiplexing)码分复用CDMA(Code Division Multiplex Access)码分多址CE(Consumer Electronics)消费电子设备CFI(Canonical Format Indicator)规范格式指示符CGI(Common Gateway Interface)通用网关接口CHAP(Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol)口令握手鉴别协议CIDR(Classless InterDomain Routing)无分类域间路由选择CNAME(Canonical NAME)规范名CNNIC(Network Information Center of China)中国互联网络信息中心CRC(Cyclic Redundancy Check)循环冗余检查CSACELP(Conjugate Structure Algebraic Code Excited Linear Prediction)共轭结构代数码激励线性预测(声码器)CSMA/CD(Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision Detection),载波监听多点接入/冲突检测CSMA/CA(Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision Avoidance),载波监听多点接入/冲突避免CSRC(Contributing SouRCe identifier)参与源标知符CTS(ClearTo Send)允许发送DDACS(Digital Access and Crossconnect System)数字交接系统DARPA(Defense Advanced Research Project Agency)美国国防部远景规划局(高级研究署)DCF(Distributed Coordination Function)分布协调功能DDoS(Distributed Denial of Service)分布式拒绝服务DES(Date Encryption Standard)数据加密标准DF(Don’t Fragment)不能分片DHCP(Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol)动态主机配置协议DiffServ(Distributed Coordination Identifier)数据链路连接标知符DIFS(Distributed Coordination Function IFS)分布协调功能祯间间隔DLCI(Data Link Connection Identifier)数据链路连接标知符DMT(Discrete Multi Tone)离散多音(调制)DNS(Domain Name System)域名系统DOCSIS(Data Over Cable Service Interface Specifications)电缆数据服务接口规约DoS(Denial of Service)拒绝服务DS(Distribution System)分配系统DS(Differentiated Services)区分服务(也写作DiffServ)DSCP(DifferentiatedServices Code Point)区分服务码点DSL(Digital Subscriber Line)数字用户线DSLAM(DSL Access Multiplexer)数字用户线接入复用器DSSS(Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum)直接序列扩展DVMRP(Distance Vector Multicast Routing Protocol)距离向量多播路由选择协议DWDM(Dense WDM)密集波分复用EEBCDIC(Extended Binary Coded Decimal Interchangfe Code)扩充的二、十进制交换码EDFA(Erbirm Dooped Fiber Amplifier)掺铒光纤放大器EFM(Ethernet in the First Mile)第一英里的以太网EFPHB(Expedited Forwarding PerHop Behavior)迅速转发每跳行为EGP(External Gateway Protocol)外部网关协议EIA(Electronic Industries Association)美国工业协会EOT(End Of Transmission)传输结束ESP(Encapsulating Security Payload)封装完全有效载荷ESS(Extended Service Set)扩展的服务集ETSI(European Telecommunications Standrards Institute)欧洲电信标准协会EUI(Extended Unique Identifier)扩展的唯一标识符FFC(Fibre Channel)光纤通道FCS(Frame Check Sequence)帧检验列FDDI(Fiber Distributed Data Interface)光纤分布式数据FDM(Frequency Division Multiplexing)频分复用FEC(Forwarding Equivalence Class) 转发等价类FFD(Full Function Device)全功能设备FHSS(Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum)跳频扩频FIFO(First In First Out)先进先出FQ(Fair Queuing)公平排队FTP(File Transfer Protocol) 文件传送协议FTTB(Fiber To The Building)光纤到大楼FTTC(Fiber To The Curb)光纤到路边FTTD(Fiber To The Door)光纤到门户FTTF(Fiber To The Floor)光纤到楼层FTTH(Fiber To The Home)光纤到家FTTN(Fiber To The Neighbor)光纤到邻居FTTO(Fiber To The Office)光纤到办公室FTTZ(Fiber To The Zone)光纤到小区GGIF(Graphics Interchange Format)图形交换格式GSM(Graphics System for Mobile)全球移动通信系统,GSM体制HHDLC(High-level Data Link Control) 高级数据链路控制HDSL(High speed DSL)高速数字用户线HFC(Hybrid Fiber Coax)光纤同轴混合(网)HIPPI(High Performance Parallel Interface)高性能并行接口HRDSSS(High Rate Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum)高速直接序列扩频HSSG(High Speed Study Group)高速研究组HTML(Hyper Text Markup Language)超文本标记语言HTTP(Hyper Text Transfer Protocol)超文本传送协议IIAB(Internet Assigned Numbers Authority)因特网体系结构委员会IANA(Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers)因特网赋号管理局ICANN(Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers ) 因特网名字与号码指派公司ICMP(Internet Control Message Protocol)国际控制报文协议IDEA(Internet Data Encryption Algorithm)国际数据加密算法IEEE(Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineering)(美国)电气和电子工程师学会IESG(Internet Engineering Steering Group)因特网工程指导小组IETF(Internet Engineering Task Force)因特网工程部IFS(Internet Frame Space)桢间间隔IGMP(Internet Group Management Protocol)网际组管理协议IGP(Interior Gateway Protocol)内部网关协议IM(Instant Messaging)即时传信IMAP(Internet Message Access Protocol)因特网报文存取协议IntServ(Integrated Services)综合服务IP(Internet Protocol)网际协议IPCP(IP Control Protocol)IP 控制协议IPng(IP Next Generation)下一代的IPIPRA(Intenet Policy Registration Authorrity)因特网政策登记管理机构IPsec(IP security)IP安全协议IPX(Internet Packet Exchange)Novel 公司的一种联网协议IR(InfraRed)红外技术IRSG(Internet Reseach Seering Group)因特网研究指导小组IRTF(Internet Reaserch Task Force)因特网研究部ISDN(Integrated Services Digital Network)综合业务数字网ISO(International Organization for Standardization)国际标准化组织ISOC(Internet Society)因特网协会ISM(Industrial,Scientific,and Medical)工业、科学与医药(频段)ISP(Internet Service Provider)因特网服务提供者ITU(Internation Telecommunication Union)国际电信联盟ITU-T(ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector)国际电信联盟电信标准化部门JJPEG(Joint Photographic Expert Group)联合图像专家JVM(javaVirtual Machine)java虚拟机KKDC(Key Distributio Center)密钥分配中心LACNIC(Latin American & Caribbean NetworkInternetCenter)拉美与加勒比海网络信息中心LAN(Local Area Network)局域网LCP(Link Control Protocol)链路控制协议LDP(Label Distribution Protocol)标记分配协议LED(Light Emitting Diode)发光二极管LMDS(Local Multipoint Distribution System)本地多点分配系统LLC(Logical Link Control)逻辑链路控制LOS(Line of Sight)视距LPC(linear Prediction Coding)线性预测编码LSP(Label Switched Path)标记交换路径LSR(Label Switching Router)标记交换路由器MMAC(Medium Access Control)媒体接入控制MACA(Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance)具有碰撞避免的多点接入MAGIC(Mobile multimedia,Anytime/anywhere, Global mobility support,Integrated wireless and Customized personal service)移动多媒体、任何时间/地点、支持全球移动性、综合无线和定制的个人服务MAN(Metropolitan Area Network)城域网MANET(Mobile Adhoc NETworks)移动自组网络的工作组MBONE(Multicast Backbone On the Internet)多播主干网MCU(Multipoint Control Unit)多点控制单元MD(Message Digest)报文摘要MF(More Fragment)还有分片MFTP(Multisource File Transfer Protocol)多源文件传输协议MIB(Management Information Base)管理信息库MIME(Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions)通用因特网邮件扩充MIPS(Million Instructions Per Second)百万指令每秒MMUSIC(Multiparty MUltimedia SessIon Control)多参与者多媒体会话控制MOSPF(Multicast extensions to OSPF)开放最短通路优先的多播扩展MP3(Mpeg1 Audio layer3)一种音频压缩标准MPEG(Motion Picture Experts Group)活动图像专家组MPLS(Multi Protocol Label Switching)多协议标记交换MPPS(Million Packets Per Second)百万分组每秒MRU(Maximum Receive Unit)最大接收单元MSL(Maximum Segment Lifetime)最长报文段寿命MSS(Maximum Segment Size)最长报文段MTU(Maximum Transfer Unit)最大传送单元NNAP(Network Access Point)网络接入点NAT(Network Address Translation)网络地址转换NAV(Network Allocation Vector)网络分配向量NCP(Network Control Protocol)网络控制协议NFS(Network File System)网络文件系统NGI(Next Generation Internet)下一代因特网NGN(Next Generation Network)下一代电信网NIC(Network Interface Card)网络接口卡、网卡NLA(Next Level Aggregation)下一级聚合NLRI (Network Layer Reachability Information)网络层可达性信息NOC (Network Operations Center)网络运行中心NSAP (Network Service Access Point) 网络层服务访问点NVT (Network Virtual Terminal) 网络虚拟终端OOC (Optical Carrier)光载波ODN (Optical Distribution Node)光分配结点OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing)正交频分复用OSI/RM (Open Systems Interconnection Reference Model) 开放系统互连基本参考模型OSPF (Open Shortest Path First) 开放最短通路优先OUI (Organizationally Unique Identifier)机构唯一标识符PP2P (PeertoPeer)对等方式PAN (Personal Area Network)个人区域网PAP (PasswordAuthentication Protocol) 口令鉴别协议PARC (PoloAlto Research Center)(美国施乐公司(XEROX)的)PARC研究中心PAWS (Protect Against Wrapped Sequence numbers) 防止序号绕回PCA (Policy Certification Authority)政策认证中心PCF (Point Coordination Function)点协调功能PCM (Pulse Code Modulation)脉码调制PCMCIA (Personal Computer Memory Card Interface Adapter)个人计算机存储器卡接口适配器PDA (Personal Digital Assistant) 个人数字助理PDU (Protocol Data Unit)协议数据单元PEM (Privacy Enhanced Mail)因特网的正式邮件加密技术PGP (Pretty Good Privacy)一种电子邮件加密技术PHB (PerHop Behavior)每跳行为PIFS (Point Coordination Function IFS)点协调功能桢间间隔PIMDM (Protocol Independent Multicast Dense Mode)协议无关多播密集方式PIMSM (Protocol Independent Multicast Sparse Mode)协议无关多播稀疏方式PING (Packet Internet Groper)分组网间探测,乒程序,ICMP的一种应用PK (public key)公钥,公开密钥PKI (Public Key Infrastructure)公钥基础结构PoP (Post Office Protocol) 汇接点POP (Post Office Protocol) 邮局协议POTS (Plain Old Telephone Service)传统电话PPP (Pointto Point Protocol over Ethernet) 点对点协议PPPoE(Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet)以太网上的点对点协议PS (POTS Splitter)电话分离器PTE (Path Terminating Element) 路径端接设备QQAM (Quadrature Amplitude Modulation)正交幅度调制QoS (Quality of Service)服务质量QPSK(Quarternary Phase Shift Keying)正交相移键控RRA(Registration Authority)注册管理机构RARP(Reverse Address ResolutionProtocol)逆地址解析协议RAS(Registration/Adminssion/Status)登记/接纳/状态RED(Random Early Detection)随机早期检测RED(Random Early Discard,Randomm Early Drop)随机早期丢弃RFC(Request For Comments)请求评论RG(Research Group)研究组RIP(Routing Information Protocol)路由信息协议RIPE(法文表示的EuropeanIP Network)欧洲的IP网络RPB(ReversePath Broadcasting )反向路由广播RSA(Rivest,Shamir andAdleman)用三个人名表示的一种公开密钥算法的名称RSVP(Resourcereservation Protocol)实时传送控制协议RTCP(Realtime Transfer Protocol) 实时传送控制协议RTO(Retransmission Time Out)超时重传时间RTP(Realtime Transfer Protocol)实时传送协议RTS(Request To Send)请求发送RTSP(Realtime Streaming Protocol)实时流式协议RTT(Round Trip Time)往返时间SSA(Security Association)安全关联SACK(Selective ACK)选择确认SCTP(Stream Control Transmission Protocol)流控制传输协议SDH(Synchronous Digital Hierarchy)同步数字系列SDSL(Singleline DSL)1 对线的数字用户线SDU(Service Data Unit)服务数据单元SET(Secure Electronic Transaction)安全电子交易SHA(Secure Hash Algorithm)安全散列算法SIFS(Short IFS)短帧间间隔SIP(Session Initiation Protocol)会话发起协议SK(Secret Key)密钥SLA(Service Level Agreement)服务等级协议SMI(Structure of Management Information)管理信息结构SMTP(Simple Mail Transfer Protocol)简单邮件传送协议SNA(System Network Archiecture)系统网络体系结构SNMP(Simple Network Management Protocol)简单网络管理协议SOH(Start Of Header)首部开始SONET(Synchronous Optical Network)同步光纤网SPI(Security Parameter Index)安全指数索引SRA(Seamless Rate Adaptation)无缝速率自适应技术SSID(Service Set IDentifier)服务集标识符SSL(Secure Socket Layer)安全插口层,或安全套接层SSRC(Synchronous SouRce identifier)同步源标实符STDM(StatisticTDM )统计时分复用STM(Synchronous Transfer Module)同步传输模块STP(ShielderTeisted Pair)屏蔽双绞线STS(Synchronous Transport Signal) 同步传送信号TTAG(TAG Swithcing)标记交换TCB(Transmission Control Protocol) 传输控制程序块TCP(Transmission Control Protocol) 传输控制协议TDM(Time Division Multiplexing)时分复用TELNET(TELetype NET work)电传机网络,一种因特网的应用程序TFTP(Trivial File Transfer Protocol) 简单文件传送协议TIA(Telecommunications Industries Association)电信行业协会TLA(Top Level Aggergation)顶级聚合TLD(Top Level Domain)顶级域名TLI(Transport Layer Interface)运输层接口TLS(Transport Layer Security)运输层安全协议TLV(Type Length Value)类型长度值TPDU(Transport Protocol Data Unit) 运输协议数据单元TSS(TelecommunicationStandardization Sector)电信标准化部门TTL(Time to Live)生存时间,或寿命UUA(User Agent) 用户代理UAC(User Agent Client) 用户代理客户UAS(User Agent Server)用户代理服务器UDP(User Datagram Protocol) 用户数据报协议UIB(User Interface Box)用户接口盒URL(Uniform Resource Locator)统一资源定位符UTP(Unshielder Twisted Pair)无屏蔽双绞线UWB( UltraWide Band)超宽带VVC(Virtual Circuit)虚电路VCI(Virtual Channel Identifier)虚拟路标识VDSL(Very high speed DSL)甚高速数字用户线VID(VLAN ID)标识符VLAN(Virtual LAN)虚拟局域网VLSM(Variable Length Subner Mask)变长子网掩码VoIP(Voice over IP)在IP上的话音VON(Voice On the Net) 在因特网上的话音VIP(Virtual Path Identifier)虚拟道标识符VPN (Virtual Private Network)虚拟专用网VSAT (Very Small Aperture Terminal) 甚小孔径地球站WWAN (WideArea Network)广域网WDM (Wavelength Division Multiplexing)波分复用WEP (Wired Equivalent Privacy)有线等效保密字段WFQ (Weighted Fair Queuing)加权公平排队WG (Working Group)工作组WiFi(Wireless Fidelity)无线保真度(无线局域网的同义词)WIMAX(Worldwide interoperability for Microwave Access) 全球微波接入的互操作性,即WMAN。
计算机网络-名词解释
IETF
名词
名词解释
局域网
连接局域网
城域网
广域网
某一区域内由多台计算机互联成的计算机组
因特网服务提 通常也是通信服务提供商,将客户连入到网际网络。提供
供商
IP地址租用
请求注解
电气电子工程
师协会
因特网工程任
务组
PDU 协议数据单元 对等层次间传送的数据单位
同时也是数据链路 层的子层
数据链路层的子
获取网络协议数据并放入控制信息,帮助将数据包传送到 层,是MAC的上层,
LLC 逻辑链路控制 目的节点
第2层通过LLC与上
层通信
网卡或网络适配器,提供到达网络上的PC或其他主机的连 NIC 网络接口卡 接
以太网
使用最广泛的LAN技术
IEEE802.2和802.3
*
LC 朗讯连接器 广泛用于单模光纤且支持多模光纤的小型连接器
*
EMI 电磁干扰
*
RFI 射频干扰
*
MDI 介质相关接口 UTP接口
*
MDIX
介质相关接 口,交叉
UTP接口
*
DCE 数据通信设备 为其他设备提高时钟服务的设备。
*
DTE 数据终端设备 从其他设备接收时钟服务并做相应调整的设备。
*
4B/5B 4B/5B编码 用五位符号表示四位数据,用于100BASE-TX以太网
CSMA/
监视介质中是否存在数据信号,若空闲则传输,冲突则停
CD 访问/冲突检 发并在稍后重试
以太网
测
CSMA/
载波侦听多路 访问/冲突避
检查介质中是否存在信号,空闲则通过将要使用的介质发
计算机网络名词解释
1.COA是Certificate Of Authenticity的简称,又称正版证明标签或防伪证明书2.主动队列管理(Active Queue Management,AQM)3.RON:Resilient Overlay Networks4.BGMP:边界网关组播协议(BGMP:Border Gateway Multicast Protocol)5.DHT(Distributed Hash Table,分布式哈希表)6.SRED,BLUE,FRED,ARED:网络拥塞算法源代码SRED,BLUE,FRED,ARED这是在美国的普渡大学上下载到的源码,包括了FRED,SRED,BLUE三个算法7.VPN:虚拟专用网络(Virtual Private Network ,简称VPN)8.STDM(统计时分多路复用) 又称异步时分多路复用统计时分复用(StatisticalTime Division Multiplexing,STDM).9.PPP:点对点协议(Point to Point Protocol)10.SDH(Synchronous Digital Hierarchy,同步数字体系)GI:中国下一代互联网(China's Next Generation Internet),Next GenerationInternet 即为NGI12.ISP(Internet Service Provider),互联网服务提供商13.DWDN : 密集型光波复用(DWDM:Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing)14.M/M/1排队模型(M/M/1 model)是一种单一伺服器(single-server)的(排队模型),可用作模拟不少系统的运作。
15.AQM主动队列管理(Active Queue Management,AQM)16.anycast指IPV6协议中一个发送方同最近的一组接收方之间的通信。
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ATM:Asynchronous Transfer Mode异步传输模式
CDMA:Code Division Multiple Access码分多路访问
VPN:Virtual Private Networks虚拟私有网络MAC:Medium Access Control介质访问控制
WWW:World Wide Web万维网GPS: global positioning protocol 全球定位系统DNS:Domain Name System域名系统W AP:wireless application protocol 个域网LAN:Local Area Network局域网VLAN:Virtual Local Area Network虚拟局域网MAN:metropolitan area network 城域网W AN:wild area network 广域网
WLAN: wireless local area network 无线局域网
FDM:Frequency Division Multiplexing,频分多路复用
TDM:Time Division Multiplexing,时分多路复用
OSI/RM: Open Systems Interconnection Reference Model,开放系统互连参考模型
ISO:international standards organization 国际标准化组织
FTP:File Transfer Protocol,文件传输协议
HTTP:Hyper Text Transfer Protocol,超文本传输协议
TCP:Transmission Control Protocol,传输控制协议
UDP:User Datagram Protocol,用户数据报协议
SMTP:Simple Mail Transfer Protocol,简单邮件传输协
ICMP:Internet Control Message Protocol,Internet控制消息协议
IGP:Interior Gateway Protocol,内部网关协议IP:Internet Protocol,网络互联协议SONET:Synchronous Optical NETwork,同步光网络
PPP:Point-to-Point Protocol,点到点协议
RTP:Real-time Transport Protocol,实时传输协议
RARP:Reverse Address Resolution Protocol,反向地址解析协议
SAP:Service Access Point,服务访问点
VC:Virtual Circuit,虚电路V oIP:V oice over IP,IP语音
CRC :Cyclic Redundancy Check,循环冗余校验码
Pop: point of present
DSL:digital subscriber line。