翻译与写作
翻译及写作词组句型
1、as 句型：(1) as引导方式状语从句句型：“按照……；正如……”正如(像) 你们国家一样，我们北方种植小麦，南方种植水稻。
(2) as＋形容词／副词原级＋（a ／an）＋名词＋as ;否定式：not as/so --- as他和他姐姐一样是位优秀的运动员。
(3) such + n. + as to do 如此……以致于……她是一个如此的一个笨蛋以致相信了他所说的话。
(4) so + adj./adv. + as to do sth 如此……以致于……他是如此的强壮以致于能提起那重箱子。
(5) such --- as--- 象……之类的…… （接名词或定语从句）他希望成为一个像雷锋这样的人。
(6) the same ＋名词＋as 和……一样的…… （接名词或定语从句）他不是从前的那样子了。
(7) as 引导非限制性定语从句众所周知，知识就是力量。
(8)引导时间状语从句。
与while意义相近随着我们长大，我们也变得越来越聪明。
(9) 引导原因状语从句，与because的用法相近因为越来越迟了，所以我们不久就回来了。
(10) 引导让步状语从句尽管他是一个小孩，但他对科学了解得很多。
2、prefer 句型：(1) prefer to do sth我宁愿呆在家里。
(2) prefer doing sth我喜欢打防守。
(3) prefer sb to do sth你愿意我留下来吗？(4) prefer to do sth rather than do sth ……宁愿…...而不愿.…".我宁愿呆在家里而不愿出去.(5) prefer doing sth to doing sth我喜欢看篮球，不喜欢打篮球。
(6) prefer sth to sth我要茶不要咖啡。
3、when 句型：(1) be doing sth ---- when ---他正笑着的时候门突然开了，他妻子走了进来。
(2) be about to do sth --- when ---我们刚要出发，天就开始下雨了。
翻译与写作考试题库及答案
翻译与写作考试题库及答案一、翻译题题目一：请将以下中文句子翻译成英文。
中文：随着科技的发展，我们的生活变得越来越便捷。
答案：English: With the development of technology, our lives are becoming more and more convenient.题目二：请将以下英文段落翻译成中文。
英文：The rapid growth of the Internet has transformed the way we communicate and access information.答案：中文：互联网的快速增长已经改变了我们沟通和获取信息的方式。
二、写作题题目一：写一篇不少于300字的短文，描述你理想中的未来城市。
答案：在未来的城市里，科技与自然和谐共存。
高楼大厦与绿色植被交织，太阳能和风能成为主要的能源来源。
交通系统高效便捷，无人驾驶汽车和公共交通工具无缝连接，减少了交通拥堵和污染。
教育和医疗资源通过虚拟现实技术实现共享，无论身在何处，都能享受到优质的教育和医疗服务。
人们的生活方式更加健康，社区活动丰富多彩，邻里关系和谐，每个人都能在这个城市中找到属于自己的位置。
题目二：以“时间管理”为主题，写一篇不少于400字的议论文。
答案：时间管理是提高工作效率和生活质量的关键。
有效的时间管理意味着能够合理安排工作和休息时间，避免拖延和压力。
首先，制定清晰的计划是时间管理的第一步。
通过列出任务清单和设定优先级，我们可以更清晰地了解自己的工作和生活目标。
其次，合理分配时间资源，确保每项任务都有足够的时间完成。
此外，避免分心和干扰也是时间管理的重要组成部分。
关闭不必要的电子设备通知，创造一个有利于专注的工作环境，可以显著提高工作效率。
最后，定期回顾和调整时间管理策略，以适应不断变化的工作和生活需求。
三、综合应用题题目：你是一名翻译工作者，你的客户需要将一篇关于环保的演讲稿翻译成英文。
英语翻译与写作加强版
英语翻译与写作短语努力学习：work hard=toil and moil改变：change=vary=wax and wane=fluctuate back and forth土豪：a man with telephone-number-sized bank account让某人回忆起某事：remind sb of sth=jog ones memory of/on竭尽所能：try ones best=do ones level best=spare no effort to do=exert all ones strength to do=manage to do=endeavor to do=bend/lean/fall over backwards to do=work like a trojan优缺点:merit/demerit=inferiority/superiority=advantage/disadvantage超出某人的…:beyond ones comprehension/imagination/scope/level然而：however=by contrast=conversely=otherwise=nevertheless不向某人屈服：bend ones knees to受影响：be affected by=be influenced by=be susceptible to不可避免的：inevitable=unavoidable=inexorable不容质疑的：undoubteably=unquestionable因此：in consequence=therefore=consequensely=hense导致：lead to=induce=result to=contribute to=entail sb doing=give rise to 顶级的：top-tier/class/rank因为；since=in that=duo to精神财富：spiritual treasure世界著名的：internationally famous/prestigious低估：underestimate=think poorly to超出水平：beyond ones level令人感动的：touching=affecting=moving解决挑战：approach challenge克服困难：overcome tribulation大步前进：stride forward相反地：contrarily=conversely=by contrast=on the contrary内向性格：introverted personality精神财富：spiritual wealth巨星云集：a galaxy of famous actors随心所欲：at ones will享誉中外：national and international reputation 有启迪意义的：illuminating有价值的：fulfilling不同的：distinct=striking different满怀感恩：with great gratitude创造未来：struggle to build a future多元文化并存：the coexistence of muti-culture 长期：in the long run=in the long term代代相传：pass down to残疾的：handicapped=physical- challenged天生。
专升本翻译和写作练习题
单句翻译训练1.The threat of any kind of power failure usually puts fear into the heartsof many people.2.I once came near being drowned in the attempt to swim across this river.3.The tape recorder can be a very effective aid to teaching if it is usedimaginatively.4.The time of the hot summer weather lasted so long that the old could scarecelybear it.5.Good English skills help you express yourself so that others can understandexactly what you mean.1.任何一种类型的断电都会给人们造成内心的恐慌;2.在试图渡过这条河时,我差点被淹死;3.如果使用得当,录音机可以起到很好的教学辅助作用;4.炎热的夏天持续的时间太久,使老人几乎无法忍受;5.流畅的英语表达能力可以使你准确地表达你的观点;6.Now television pictures can be sent from one side of the world to the otherby means of satellites.7.Since human beings depend to some degree on forests, every effort must bemade to preserve trees.8.She worked very hard; otherwise she could not have passsed the entranceexamination.9.In many developiing countries, cigarette smoking is even seen as a sign ofeconomic progress.10.Since Altantic College is on the coast, many of the activities for thestudents are related to the sea or water in general.1.电视图像现在可以借助于卫星来进行传递了;2.因为人类依赖于森林,因此应竭尽全力保护树木;3.她学习非常刻苦,否则将无法通过入学考试;4.在许多发展中国家,吸烟甚至被看作是经济进步的标志;5.因为大西洋学院坐落在沿海地区,所以学生的各种活动都和海或水有关;11.After long negotiation, the firm contracted to build a double-purpose bridgeacross the river.12.in addition to some money in a savings bank account, my assets includeproperly inherited from my father.13.Great writers are those who not only have great thoughts but also expressthese thougts in words, which appeal powerfully to our minds and emotions.14.The status would be perfect but for a few small flaws in its base.15.The machine needs a complete mending since it has been in use for over tenyears.1.经过长时间地谈判后,这家公司才签约承建一座横跨大江的两用大桥;2.除了储蓄账户上的一笔钱外,我的所有财产还包括从父亲那儿继承到得财产;3.着名的作家就是那些不仅有崇高思想的,而且还能用对我们的思想和感情产生强烈影响的语言来表达这些思想的人;4.除了基座上几个瑕疵意外,整个雕像是完美的;因为已经连续使用了十多年时间,这台机器常需要维修16.Though he is the president’s son, that does not qualify him to criticizemy work.17.You must be more careful in doing what you do. Don’t omit anything.18.I tried very hard to persuade him to join our group but I met with a flatrefusal.19.if no importance is attached to collecting information, we cannot survivein such an intensely competitive society, because it is the basis on which we make our dicisions.20.The period of adolescence may be long or short, depending on socialexpectation and on society’s definition as to what constitutes maturity and adulthood.1.尽管他是董事长的儿子,那并不意味着他有资格来指责我的工作;2.希望在做任何时要更加仔细一点,绝不要漏掉任何东西;3.我费了好大劲来涚服他参加我们的组织,但却遭到断然拒绝;4.如果对收集信息没有给与重视的话,我们就无法在竞争中如此激烈的社会上生存,因为信息是制定决策的理论基础;5.青春期有长有短,取决于社会的期待以及社交环境成熟和成人的特点的认识;21.we are trying to make people more sensitive to the difficulties faced bythe laid-off workers.我们要使更多的人认识到下岗工人面对的困难段落翻译1.Smoking is harmful to the health of people, Governments in the world should conduct serious campaigns against it. Restriction on cigarette advertisements plus health warnings on packages and bans on public smoking in certain places like theaters, cinemas and restaurants, are the most popular tools used by nations in support of nonsmokers or in curbing smoking.段落翻译1. 吸烟对人们的健康有害;世界各国政府应该开展认真的反吸烟的运动;限制吸烟广告,每包香烟上加印有害健康的警告,以及禁止在电影院、餐馆等公共场所吸烟;这些都是许多国家用以支持不吸烟者和控制吸烟最常用的办法;2.As to the child education, there was a more relaxed family, in which the young people felt equal to the adults. They were not perssured to get good marks at school to make their parents proud, and they knew that they would be free to choose their own studies and later their own career. Obviously, their parents still believed in individual freedom.2. 在孩子的教育问题上有一些较开明的家庭;在这样的家庭里,孩子们感到自己和大人是平等的,没有人给他们施加压力,要他们在学习中去获得好分数为父母争光;他们知道可以自由选择自己的学科,今后也有选择职业的自由;显而易见,他们的父母信奉个人自由;3. At school the students need to increase their knowledge in an organized way, to acquire sufficicent vocabulary in science for effective communication, and to learn some practical knowledge because it is very important in everyday life, such as knowledge that is useful for their health, for their safety, and for understanding of his surrounding.3. 在学校,学生需要系统地积累知识,获得足够的科学词汇进行有效地交际;学生还要从一些日常生活中学习很重要的实际知识,诸如对自己的健康、人身安全以及了解周围环境方面有用的知识;4. There are many differences between Chinese and western cultures. For example,a Chinese student asks his American teacher, “Have you had lunch The American teacher might think it a very strange question. Some questions that in Chinese belong to polite small talks might be considered instrusive.4. 中国文化与西方文化存在许多差别;比如,一个中国学生尊敬地问他的美国老师：“你吃了吗”美国老师会认为这是一个非常奇怪的问题;一些汉语表达是属于礼貌的问候在美国可能被认为是冒犯性的语句;5. In today’s complicated economic world, neither individual’s nore nations are self-sufficient. Nations have used different economic resources, and people have grasped various skills. This is the foundation of the world trade and economic activity, internaitonal finance and banking are developed gradually.5. 在当今复杂的经济世界中,任何个人和国家都不能自给自足;各国利用了不同的经济资源,人们掌握了不同的技能;这是世界贸易和经济活动的基础;由于这种世界贸易和经济活动,国际金融业和银行业也逐渐发展起来;6. Psychologists believe that our dreams can often give us some interesting information about ourselves. On the simplest level, dreams can make us aware of things we have missed during the day because we were too busy to notice them. On a deeper level, dreams can show us how we really feel about our relationships with others.6. 心理学家认为人们的梦通常能让我们了解自己的一些情况;从浅层次上来说,睡梦能使我们意识到由于白天太忙二忽视了得事情,在较深的层次上,睡梦能显示我们对自己与他人关系的真实感受;7. Since its establishment, the Hope Project has won widespread support from Chinese zitizens, who have generally donated money; clothing and school supplies to help poor children in rural areas stay in or go back to school. The setting up of the project indicates that the Chinese authorities have finally come to terms with realities in the countryside, where life still difficult, and, for many young children, going to school is economically infeasible.7. 希望工程从开始之日起,就得到了中国民众的广泛支持,他们慷慨解囊、捐赠服装和教学用品,以帮助农村地区的穷困儿童留校就读或重返学校;建立这个工程表明,中国有关当局已最终接受农村的现实,那里的生活仍然很困难,同时对于许多儿童来说,上学在经济上时根本行不通的;8．We have learned from our Embassy that you are interested in importing Chinese silk products .We are a long-established exporter of silk products in china and we have a very good reputation both at home and abroad. Our products sell well all over the word and highly valued by our customers for their excellent quality and fine workmanship工艺 Enclosed price list covering all the products. We are looking forward to your early reply.8. 从我们的大使馆获悉贵公司欲进口一批中国丝织品;我们公司长期在中国从事丝织品出口业务并在国内外一直享有盛誉,,其优良的品质和精湛的工艺深受顾客好评;随函附寄我们所有的产品以及价目单;期待贵方的早日回复;9. New York Student Housing CenterWe have got what students are looking for in off-campus and see our houses-safe, affordable ,such and convenient for living. All the facilties that you are concerned about are available, such as cable TV ,Internet access, fully furnished提供家具的and ready for moving in We also have comfortable apartments or rooms for roommate share .the rent may be paid weekly ,monthly or yearly. Contact us at 800-298-3579 if you are interested.9. 纽约学生住宿服务中心我们提供学生需要的校外住房;请来看看我们的房子;我们的住房便宜、安全且居住方便;你们所关心的设施一应俱全,例如有线电视,因特网接口等,家具齐全,随时可以入住套房或者单间供你和他人合租;房租可以按周、季度或年度支付;有意者请打电话800-298-3579与我们联系;10. On July 10th the company will hold its first worldwide video conference 电视会议 .All twenty facilities will be linked by a satellite broadcasting system SO that employees can see and speak with each other. Mr. Black will begin the conference by telling US about our goals for the next five years. Next,each manager will speak about current challenges. devoted to questions from all locations. If it proves successful,we hope to schedule worldw2耀e video conferences annually10. 7月10日公司将举行电视会议;20个设施将通过一个卫星传播系统连接起来,这样员工就可以观看并且相互讨论;会议一开始,布莱克先生将会对公司接下来5年内的目标进行说明;接着,每一位经理会对目前面临的挑战进行阐述;最后一小时将会留给各个分支机构进行提问;如果这次成功的话,我们希望以后每年都会举行世界范围内的电视会议;。
医学英语写作与翻译
第三部分医学英语的写作任务一标题的写作（Title）标题的结构1. 名词+介词Blindness（视觉缺失）after Treatment for Malignant Hypertension 2. 名词+分词Unilateral Neurogenic Pruritus Following Stroke中风后单侧神经性瘙痒3. 名词+不定式Suggestion to Abolish Icterus Index Determination（黄疸指数测定）where Quantitative Bilirubin Assay（胆红素定量）is Available建议能做胆红素定量的化验室不再做黄疸指数测定4. 名词+同位语Gentamicine, a Selelctive Agent for the isolation of Betahemolytic Streptocc ociβ-溶血性链球菌庆大霉素是分离β-溶血性链球菌的选择性药物5. 名词+从句Evidence that the V-sis Gene Product Transforms by Interaction with the Receptor for Platelet-derived Growth Factor血小板源性生长因子.V-sis 基因产物由血小板生成因子受体相互作用而转化的依据6. 动名词短语Preventing Stroke in patients with Atrial Fibrillation心房纤维性颤动心旁纤颤患者中风预防Detecting Acute Myocardial Infarction（急性心肌梗死）byRadio-immunoassay for Creative Kinase（酐激酶）用放射免疫法测定酐激酶诊断急性心肌梗死7. 介词短语On Controlling Rectal Cancer8. 陈述句Dietary Cholesterol is Co-carcinogenic协同致癌因素for Human Colon Cancer9. 疑问句Home or Hospital BirthsIs Treatment of Borderline Hypertension Good or Bad?注意副标题的作用1．数目：Endoluminal Stent-graft 带支架腔内搭桥for Aortic Aneurysms动脉瘤: A report of 6 cases带支架腔内搭桥治疗动脉瘤的六例报告2．重点：Aorto-arteritis 大动脉炎Chest X-ray Appearance and Its Clinical Significance大动脉炎胸部X线表现及临床意义3．方法：Gallstone Ileus（胆结石梗阻）: A Retrospective Study 4．作用：Carcinoembryonic Antigen in Breast-cancer Tissue: A useful prognostic indictor乳腺癌组织中癌胚抗原——一种有用的预后指示5．疑问：Unresolved—Do drinkers have less coronary heart disease? 6．连载顺序：Physical and Chemical Studies of Human Blood Serum: II. A study of miscellaneous Disease conditions人类血清的理论研究：II. 多种病例的研究7．时间：A Collaborative 综合Study of Burn Nursing in China: 1995-1999常见标题句式举例1. 讨论型：Discussion of/ on; An approach to; A probe into; Investigation of; Evaluation of / on汉语中的“初步体会”、“试论”、“浅析”之类的谦辞可以不译。
英语翻译与写作常用短语精选
Education 教育input in education 教育投入communal participation 社会参与enhance the moral awareness of 提高……的思想品德professional ethics 职业道德credit system 学分制guarantee job assignments 包分配multi-disciplinary 多学科的key university 重点大学national expenditure on education 国家教育经费account for…% 占百分比intercultural communication 国际文化交流equal stress on integrity and ability 德才兼备to become educated through independent study 自学成材compulsory education 普及教育preschool/elementary/secondary/higher/ education 学前/初等/中等/高等教育adult education 成人教育vocational and technical education 职业技术教育institutions of higher learning 高等学校in-service training course 在职进修班compulsory/optional course 必修/选修课record of formal schooling 学历diploma 文凭，学历证明Economy and Reform 经济与改革GNP (gross national product) 国民生产总值per capita 人均give incentive to 鼓励improve economic environment 改善经济环境rectify economic order 整顿经济秩序control inflation 控制通货膨胀invigorate enterprises 搞活企业poor management/poorly managed 管理不善primary/secondary/tertiary industry 第一/第二/第三产业foreign funded enterprises 外资企业joint venture 合资企业wholly foreign owned funded enterprises 独自企业living standard 生活水平Industry 工业fixed assets 固定资产Sino-foreign joint venture 中外合资企业autonomy in operation 经营自主deficit 亏空，赤字economic strength 经济实力total industrial and agricultural output value 工农业总产值national economic system 国民经济体系to work for more and better economic result 提高经济效益national revenue 国民收入consumption level 消费水平Foreign Trade and Special Economic Zones 对外贸易和经济特区interior areas 内地trading partner 贸易伙伴corporate income tax 企业所得税export/import duty 出口/进口关税to coordinate the development 协调发展to be approved by the state 国家批准balance of payment 收支平衡transnational corporation 跨国公司economic and technological development zone 经济技术开发区utilize foreign investment 利用外资direct foreign investment 国外直接投资to improve investment environment 改善投资环境technology and knowledge intensive project 技术密集，知识密集型项目favorable/unfavorable trade balance 顺差/逆差Women and Children 妇女儿童legal system 法制enact 制定，颁布minor 未成年人self recognition 对自我价值的认识only child 独生子女self-centered 以自我为中心的The Elderly and the Family 老人和家庭life expectancy 预期寿命to become common practice 蔚然成风well-being 幸福，福利respecting the old and loving the young 尊老爱幼Population and Family Planning 人口与计划生育incentive 鼓励，刺激curb 限制，抑制consumption 消费institute 设立，制定penalty 惩罚census 人口普查population density 人口密度densely/sparsely populated 人口稠密/稀少aging of population 人口老化family planning 计划生育to practice family planning 实行计划生育to curb population growth 控制人口增长to have fewer and but healthier children 少生优生baby boom 生育高峰Environment Protection 环境保护ecological 生态的prerequisite/precondition 先决条件sustain 维持exploit/develop 开发，利用perspective 观点，看法extinction （生物）灭绝deteriorate 恶化urbanization 都市化vegetation coverage 植物覆盖marine life 海洋生物discharge 排放to protect rare animals and plants 保护珍稀动物和植物wild animal/wild life 野生动物renewable/non-renewable resources 可更新/不可更新资源ecological balance 生态平衡natural reserve 自然保护区ecosystem 生态系统environmental pollution 环境污染integrated control of environmental pollution 环境污染综合防治afforestation 植树造林shelterbelt 防护林带soil erosion 水土流失desertification 沙化acid rain 酸雨Foreign Policies 对外政策cornerstone 基石reiterate 重申observe/abide by 遵守in compliance with 遵照open vast vistas 开辟广阔的前景confrontation 对抗to seek common grounds while reserving differences 求同存异friendly exchanges 友好往来NATO 北约UNESCO 联合国教科文组织UN 联合国OPEC 世界石油输出国组织APEC 亚太经合组织WTO 世界贸易组织IMF 国际货币基金组织。
沈复《童趣》原文与翻译个人写作
沈复《童趣》原文与翻译个人写作沈复《童趣》原文与翻译沈复（1763年——18____年），字三白，号梅逸，清乾隆二十八年生于长洲（今江苏苏州）。
清代著名文学家。
著有《浮生六记·闲情记趣》。
工诗画、散文。
据《浮生六记》来看，他出身于幕僚家庭，没有参加过科举考试，曾以卖画维持生计。
乾隆四十二年（公元1777年）随父亲到浙江绍兴求学。
乾隆四十九年（公元1784年），乾隆皇帝巡查江南，沈复随父亲恭迎圣驾。
后来到苏州从事酒业。
他与妻子陈芸感情甚好，因遭家庭变故，夫妻曾旅居外地，历经坎坷。
妻子死后，他去四川充当幕僚。
此后情况不明。
沈复既非秀才举人，也非文人墨客,达官贵族，他出身于“衣冠之家”，师读书，但后习幕经商，后又卖画为生，浪迹四海。
原文余忆童稚时，能张目对日，明察秋毫，见藐小之物必细察其纹理，故时有物外之趣。
夏蚊成雷，私拟作群鹤舞于空中，心之所向，则或千或百，果然鹤也；昂首观之，项为之强。
又留蚊于素帐中，徐喷以烟，使之冲烟而飞鸣，作青云白鹤观，果如鹤唳云端，为之怡然称快。
余常于土墙凹凸处，花台小草丛杂处，蹲其身，使与台齐；定神细视，以丛草为林，以虫蚁为兽，以土砾凸者为丘，凹者为壑，神游其中，怡然自得。
一日，见二虫斗草间，观之，兴正浓，忽有庞然大物，拔山倒树而来，盖一癞虾蟆，舌一吐而二虫尽为所吞。
余年幼，方出神，不觉呀然一惊。
神定，捉虾蟆，鞭数十，驱之别院。
译文我回忆自己年幼的时候，能够张大眼睛直视太阳，也能注意到最细微的事物。
（当我）见到微小的事物，必定会仔细观察它的纹理，所以常常能感受到超出事物本身的乐趣。
夏天蚊子的嗡嗡声如雷，我暗暗把它们比作成群的白鹤在空中飞舞。
我心里这样想，成千上百的蚊子果真变成白鹤了；我抬着头看它们，脖子也因此僵硬了。
（我）又留几只蚊子在未染色的帐子里，慢慢地用烟喷它们，让它们冲着烟雾边飞边鸣叫，形成“青云白鹤”的景观，果然就像白鹤在云端飞鸣，因此我高兴得拍手叫好。
(word完整版)高中英语句子翻译与写作第3章动词不定式
第三章动词不定式历届试题1．当时，那位出租车司机别无选择，只能求助于顾客。
(choice) (S02)2．这个游戏的规则太复杂，三言两语解释不清。
(too…to)(S04)3．为了保持健康，我们经常参加体育锻炼。
(To… ) (Ss06)4．是否在黄浦江上再建一座大桥，委员们意见不一。
(agree) (Ss06)5．我忘了提醒他面试的时间。
(remind) (S07)6．我们打篮球的时间到了。
(time) (S08)7．他设法把游客及时送到机场。
(manage)(S08)I. 作主语1．怎样在上海消除污染，这不是一个容易对付的问题。
(get rid of)2．医生说怎样说服人们停止吸烟不是一个容易对付的问题。
(deal with)3．是否要在黄浦江下面再造一条隧道将在明天的会议上讨论。
(whether to)4．一直学习而不放松会有害于我们的健康。
(do harm)5．如何有效地利用太阳能是节约能源的途径之一。
(make use of)6．颁发奖学金是鼓励学生的好办法之一。
(award)II. 作表语1．他的愿望是做个艺术家。
(wish)2．我每天早上做的第--45事情是打开收音机听天气预报和当日新闻。
(the news of the day) 3．考试的目的是要检查学生是否掌握了所学的知识。
(check)4．问题是如何采取行动来执行对污染的严格限制。
(restriction)5．了解这个城市的最好办法是在这个城市到处看看。
(tour)6．环保问题的讨论有待在下一次会议上进行。
(remain)7．江泽民主席对非洲五国的访问证明是个巨大的成功。
(prove)8．我觉得孩子成功的关键是学会对自己做的事情负责。
(be responsible)9．植物的根的主要功能是从土壤中吸收水分和养分。
(take in)10．买保险的目的是保护自己免受意外事故带来的损失。
(protect…against)III. 作宾语1．成年人应该知道如何帮助孩子们在智力上发展。
英语翻译与写作-Amplification
Amplification◆Also called addition, means supplying necessary words in translation on the basis of accuratecomprehension of the original.◆English and Chinese are entirely different languages and each has its own historical and culturalbackground.◆Many ideas, idiomatic expressions and shorthand words, etc. that are well understood in the country oftheir origin can hardly make sense to people abroad.◆It is unimaginable for a translator to stick to the original pattern without alteration.Mary washes before meals. / Mary washes before going to bed. / Mary washes after getting up. / Mary washes for a living. / Mary washes in a restaurant.◆Amplification in EC translation:1. Putting in words omitted in the originalShall I bring you a dictionary or an encyclopedia? Both, please.给你带一本词典来还是带一本百科全书来？请把两样都带来。
A fool and his words are soon parted; a man of genius and his money.愚人会很快忘记说过的话，智者会很快放弃手里的钱。
2022年12月大学英语四级CET4真题写作与翻译
2022年12月大学英语四级真题写作与翻译Writing1.The necessity of developing social skills for college students2.the importance of developing a healthy lifestyle among college students3.the role of physical exercise in achieving success at collegeTranslation1.立春(Start of Spring)在中国农历中表示春天的开始。
立春之后，白天变得更长，天气也愈发温暖:万物开始复苏，大地充满生机。
人们常说。
一年之计在于春”，农民在这个时节开始搔种，男全年的丰收打下基础。
中国人早在三千年前就已开始在立春这一天半行庆祝活动。
数百年来，迎春一直是民间的重要习俗。
在春暖花开的日子里，人们常常外出游玩，欣赏春天的美景2.冬至是全年白昼最长，黑夜最短的一天，标志着一年中最寒冷时节的开始。
东至过后，气温越来越低，人们户外活动逐渐减少，农民地里的活不多，主要忙于灌溉系统的维护和主要农作物的防冻，同时为来年春天播种做准备。
中国人历年来很重视冬至，许多地方都把冬至当作一个节日，庆祝方式不尽相同北方人有冬至吃饺子的习俗，南方人有冬至吃汤圆的传统3.在中国农历中，立秋(Start ofAutumn)意味着夏天的结束和秋天的开始，立秋带来的首先是天气的变化，气温逐渐下降。
人们看到树叶开始变黄飘落时，知道秋天已经来临，这就是所谓的“一叶知秋”。
但此时酷热的天气并未完全结束，高温通常还会持续一段时间，被称为“秋老虎立秋对农民意义重大，这时各种秋季作物迅速生长、开始成熟，收获的季节即将到来。
翻译(英语应用文写作)
翻译（英语应用文写作）1、从友人处获悉贵公司缺一位会计，我想申请此职位。
I have learned from a friend that there is a vacancy accountant in your company, and I wishto apply for the position.2、我毕业于浙江大学电子信息专业。
I graduated from Zhejiang University, majoring in electronic information.3、如能尽快回复，将不胜感激。
Your prompt reply will be much appreciated.4、我希望你们能考虑我的申请。
I hope that you will be kind enough to consider my application.5、您随时可以面试我。
I should welcome a personal interview at your convenience.6、乔治·布朗先生敬请您出席。
Mr. George Brown requests the honor of your presence. （ Mr. George Brown requests thepleasure of your visit. ）7、乔治·布朗先生因另有约在先，十分遗憾不能接受邀请。
Mr. George Brown regrets that a previous engagement prevents his acceptance of the kind invitation.8、谨以此信，表达我对您帮助的感谢之情。
I am writing to express my thanks for your kind help.9、我谨代表我全家对您的帮助表示真诚的感谢。
On the behalf of my whole family, I would like to extend my sincere gratitude for your kind help.10、我再次对所引起的不满表示歉意。
历年大学考研真题—英语翻译与写作
攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试（初试）试卷一、Explain the following terms in Chinese.（共2题，每题10分，共计20分）1. 正反译法2．递降二、Answer the following question.(You may use both English and Chinese) （共1题，每题20分，共计20分）Giving examples to illustrate the use of antonomasia (借代) in translation .三、Translate the following phrases from Chinese into English and vice versa. （共10题，每题1分，共计10分）毛遂自荐小题大做打破僵局放下架子唱反调Walk off with something.Talk and laugh cheerfullyTalk at randomKeep a still tongue in one’s headAwait with great anxiety四、Translate the following Chinese passage into English.（共1题，每题25分，共计25分）停止住房实物分配，逐步实行住房分配货币化，是中国十年住房制度改革的重大突破。
根据国家不同的住房供应政策，最终将形成三类住房供应体系，即高收入者购买、租赁市场价商品住房；中低收入者购买经济适用房；最低收入者租用政府或单位提供的廉租住房，从而建立起以经济适用房为主的多层次城镇住房供应体系。
在此基础上。
中央要求各地从实际出发、从本地区经济发展的全局出发，合理确定住房补贴标准。
城镇居民则应做好准备，用20-25年时间拿出家庭收入的20%左右来购买住房。
五、Translate the following English passage into Chinese.（共1题，每题25分，共计25分）On their silver-wedding day Ashurst and his wife were motoring along the outskirts of the moor, intending to celebrate the festival by stopping the night at Torquay, where they had first met. This was the idea of Stella Ashurst, whose character contained a streak of sentiment.If she had long lost the blue-eye,flower-like charm, the cool slim purity of face and form, the apple-blossom colouring which had so swiftly and so oddly affected Ashurst twenty-six years ago, she was still at forty-three a comely and faithful companion, whose cheeks were。
英语翻译与写作常用动宾短语
一、政治类：1、日益昌盛become increasingly prosperous2、快速发展develop rapidly3、隆重集会gather ceremoniously4、热爱和平love peace5、追求进步pursue progress6、履行权利和义务perform the responsibilities and obligations7、回顾奋斗历程review the course of struggle8、展望伟大征程look into the great journey9、充满信心和力量be filled with confidence and strength10、必胜be bound to win11、主张各国政府采取行动urge governments of all countries to take action12、和平共处coexist peacefully13、对内开放和对外开放open up both externally and internally14、经历两个不同时期experience two different periods15、战胜无数困难overcome numerous difficulties16、赢得一个又一个胜利win one victory after another17、完全意识到be fully aware that18、迈出重要一步make an important step19、采取各种措施adopt various measures20、得出结论，告一段落draw ( arrive at, come to reach ) a conclusion21、实现民族独立realize national independence22、追求真理seek the truth23、建立社会主义制度establish a socialist system24、根除(防止、消除)腐败root out (prevent, eliminate) corruption25、响应号召respond to the call26、进入新时期enter a new period27、实行新政策practice new policies28、展现生机和活力display one's vigor and vitality29、增强综合国力enhance comprehensive(overall) national strength and和国际竟争力international competitiveness30、进入世界先进行列edge into the advanced ranks in the world31、解决温饱问题solve the problem of food and clothing32、吸收各国文明先进成果absorb what is advanced in other civilizations33、与日俱增increase every day34、实现夙愿fulfill the long-cherished wishes35、必将实现be bound to come true36、锻造一支人民军队forge a people's army37、建立巩固国防build a strong national defense38、进行和谈hold peace talks39、修改法律amend the laws40、在……中起（至关）重要作用 play a major(crucial, an important ) role in41、对……做出重要(巨大)贡献make important (great, major )contributions to42、遵循规则follow the principles43、把理论和实际结合起来integrate theory with practice...44、把……作为指导take...as the guide45、缓和紧张状况ease the tension46、高举伟大旗帜hold high the great banner47、解决新问题resolve new problems48、观察当今世界observe the present-day world49、开拓前进open up new ways forward50、增强凝聚力enhance the rally power51、结束暴力，开始和平谈判end the violence and resume peace talks52、进行战略性调整make strategic readjustment53、开始生效go into effect / enter into force54、就……接受妥协accept a compromise on55、接受……采访be interviewed by56、把……看成社会公敌look upon...as a threat to society57、把……捐给慈善机构donate...to charities58、维护世界和平maintain world peace59、摆脱贫穷落后get rid of poverty and backwardness60、实现发展繁荣bring about development and prosperity61、反对各种形式恐怖主义be opposed to all forms of terrorism62、宣布……召开announce the opening of63、对……具有深远影响have a far-reaching impact on64、面对……明显缺陷face up to the obvious defects of65、保护妇女权利不受侵犯guarantee（protect ）women's rights against infringement二、经济类1、给……带来机遇和挑战present (bring) both opportunities and challenges to2、给……带来积极影响bring a more positive impact on...3、给予财政资助support financially4、有巨大潜力have huge potential for5、开发/ 青睐中国市场tap / favor the Chinese market6、申请专利apply for a patent7、阻碍……经济发展handicap (hamper) the economic development8、增加农业投入invest more in agriculture9、有望达到（上升到）be expected to reach (rise to, be up to)10、造成很大压力pose a big pressure on11、占领市场10% occupy (take, account for ) 10 percent of the market12、缩小……间距离narrow the gap between13、加快经济发展和结构调整speed up economic development and restructuring14、夺回失去市场take back lost market15、减轻……负担reduce (lighten) the burden of (on)16、采取反垄断措施take anti-monopoly measures to17、加快努力speed up efforts to18、在……建立分公司set up branches in19、促进改革promote reform20、面对可能压力和竞争face possible pressure and competition21、充分利用make full use of22、把……列为基本国策list...as fundamental national policies23、发挥自身优势give full play to one's advantages24、开拓市场exploit markets25、扩大消费市场expand consumption market26、改善投资环境improve the environment for investment27、加强风险防范prepare oneself against possible risks28、扩大贫富差距widen the gap between the rich and the poor29、为……提供巨大商机present huge business opportunities30、快速稳定增长grow fast and steadily31、让……处于同一起跑线put... on the same platform and at the same starting point 32、赶超先进surpass the advanced33、遵循市场经济规律follow the law of market economy34、根据市场作出调整gear ourselves to the market orientation35、牟取暴利seek excessive profits36、做好充分准备make good preparations for37、对……造成／构成威胁form ／posea threat to...38、和……合作cooperate with39、和……进一步合作further cooperation with40、提高公务员工资raise the salaries of civil servants41、计算出准确工资水平figure out an exact salary level42、和……有合作关系have cooperative ties with43、从国外引进先进技术introduce from abroad the advanced technology和管理经验and management expertise44、优胜劣汰select the superior and eliminate the inferior45、保证下岗职工基本生活guarantee the basic needs of laid-off workers46、取缔非法收入ban unlawful incomes (ban illegal earnings)47、深化改革deepen the reform48、控制通货膨胀control inflation (keep inflation under control)49、让位于竞争需要give way to the need for competition50、向……投资巨额资金invest huge amounts of money into51、损失惨重suffer great losses52、制造假象create smoke screens to do53、陷入困境land oneself in deep trouble54、吸引外商投资attract foreign investment55、抓住机遇seize opportunities56、适应……发展adapt oneself to the development of57、被指控接受贿赂be accused of accepting bribes58、和……达成（签订）协议reach（sign）an agreement with59、促进地区间合作promote regional cooperation60、退还大量钱款give back an amount of money61、举报非法行为disclose any illegal activities62、筹集足够资金raise enough funds63、采取不同办法adopt various methods64、承担风险bear (take) risk65、创收外汇earn foreign exchange (currency)66、活跃市场enliven the market67、造成损失cause a loss to68、十分重视attach importance to69、制订……法律make a law of (to)70、大力发展strive to develop71、提高居民生活improve residents' standard of living72、提高管理水平raise the management level73、加强管理reinforce the management74、完善服务perfect services75、刺激国内需求stimulate domestic demand76、打破垄断break the monopoly77、加快竞争步伐accelerate the competition78、为当地人带来多种经济bring multiple economic and social benefits to the local 和社会效益people79、优先发展公共运输give priority to the development of public transportation80、调整产业结构adjust the industrial structure三、文化类1、消除愚昧eliminate ignorance2、扫除文盲eliminate wipe out illiteracy3、营造良好文化环境create a healthy cultural environment4、促进文化市场健康发展facilitate the sound development of the markets for cultural products5、开展对外文化交流conduct cultural exchange with other countries6、博采各国文化之长draw on strong point of the cultures of other countries7、开展群众性文化活动carry out mass activities on culture8、保护文化遗产protect cultural heritage9、继承历史文化优秀传统carry on the fine cultural traditions handed from history carry on the fine historical and cultural traditions10、繁荣文学艺术enable literature and art to flourishpromote flourishing literature and art11、举行每年一次学术会议hold an annual academic meeting12、尊重知识，尊重人才respect knowledge and respect competent people13、向世界展示中国文化introduce China's achievements of cultural advancement to建设成就the world14、加强文化基础设施建设build more cultural establishments15、提倡文明生活方式advocate civilized lifestyle(way of life)16、不注重历史neglect history17、推动人类文明进步push forward human civilization18、对……持欢迎态度take a welcoming attitude to19、与各国人民交往communicate with people of all countries20、和……持相同观点share views similar to21、促进儿童身心健康发展promote the healthy development of children both physically and mentally22、改进教学improve teaching and learning23、保护文化遗产protect cultural relics24、触击现行法律盲区touch a blank area of the existing law25、增强自我保护意识strengthen one's awareness of protecting one's right26、列为世界自然文化遗产list...as a world natural heritage site27、以全新面貌进入新世纪enter the new century with a brand-new colorful look28、普及科普知识，传播科学popularize scientific and technological knowledge, spread思想，倡导科学精神scientific thought and advocate the scientific spirit29、提高公务员综合素质improve the overall quality of civil servants30、通过资格考试pass qualification examinations31、举办文化节/ 展览会hold (conduct, give) cultural festivals / an exhibition32、普及九年制义务教育make nine-year compulsory education universal33、精心编写教材compile the textbooks with great care34、承担应有义务undertake the due obligations35、促进相互了解enhance (further) mutual understanding36、相互促进help each other forward37、互派访问学者exchange visiting scholars38、交换意见exchange views (ideas, opinions)39、反映中国灿烂文化reflect the rich culture of China40、容纳三千名旅客accommodate 3000 passengers41、发挥……聪明才智develop one's own talents and wisdom42、充分发挥知识分子give full play to the initiative and creativity of intellectuals 积极性和创造性43、开设课程offer courses44、重视实用性place stress on practicality45、制止盗版软件control the pirated software46、提供受教育机会offer a chance of education47、有力地推动教育发展give a big push to the development of education48、承前启后，继往开来build on the past and prepare for the future；inherit the past and usher in the future49、物质文明,精神文明一起抓pay equal attention to the material progress and cultural progress50、形成文明、健康、崇尚form civilized, healthy and science - upholding social practice四、生态环保类1、保护和改善生活和生态环境protect and improve the living environment and the ecological environment2、保护珍贵动植物protect rare animals and plants3、普及环保知识popularize environmental protection knowledge4、增强环境意识enhance the awareness of the importance of (raise the consciousness about) environmental protection5、改善生态环境improve the eco-environment6、加强生态建设improve the eco-construction7、防治污染prevent and control pollution8、加强水土保持reinforce the conservation of water and soil9、加强城市绿化strengthen the greening of the city10、提高环境管理水平raise the environmental management level11、享受国家一级保护enjoy first-class protection of the State12、加强环境保护strengthen environmental protection13、保持生态平衡keep ecological balance14、创造良好生态环境create a pleasant ecological environment15、采用环保技术adopt environmental protection technique16、开展保护野生动物advocate to educate the public the protection of wild animals宣传教育17、开展绿色活动advocate green activities18、为大量野生动植物提供栖息地provide habitats for a huge number of wild animalsand plants19、为人类提供水和食物supply water and food for human beings20、非常注重保护森林pay great attention to the conservation of forest21、产生巨大水文效应produce great hydrological effects22、引发一系列问题result in a series of problems23、帮助减缓全球变暖速度help slow down the pace of global warming24、保留为自然耕地reserve as natural farmland25、提高居民环保和生态意识improve residents environmental and ecological awareness26、进一步加快环保规划further speed up environmental protection plans27、完善城市基础设施建设perfect the construction of urban infrastructure28、促进城市可持续发展promote the sustainable development of the city29、符合举办奥运会要求meet the requirements of hosting the Olympic Games30、扩建管道网络expand the pipe network31、淘汰或改造燃煤锅炉eliminate or convert coal-burning boilers32、禁止露天焚烧prohibit burning out in the open33、发展太阳能develop solar energy34、提高清洁能源比重increase the supply of clean energy resources35、减少机动车辆reduce the number of vehicles36、使用清洁能源burn clean fuel37、实行严格机动车排放标准implement strict vehicle emission standards38、关闭化工厂close chemical plants39、减少浪费reduce waste40、加大污染治理力度strengthen pollution control41、治理沙地和水土流失问题tackle the problems of sand and soil erosion42、加强珍稀野生动植物保护工作protect rare wild animals and plants43、崇尚绿色生活方式pursue a green life44、使用再生纸use recycle paper45、参加环保运动take part in environmental protection activities46、坚持门前三包制度adhere to the three responsibilities in the gate area47、参加城市重建participate in the reconstruction of the city48、注重节约资源attach importance to saving resources49、采用新开采方法apply new exploitation methods50、削减污物排放decrease the disposal of pollutants五、人口类1、进行全国人口普查carry out national population census2、总人口为…… have a population of...3、缩小代沟narrow the gap4、重视人口老年化问题pay attention to the problem of an aging population5、调查性和婚姻状况conduct a survey on sex and marriage6、展示明显差异display a marked difference7、反映人们私生活reflect people's private lives8、占总人口10% account for 10% of the total population9、实现向低出生、低死亡、低自然bring about a transition to the modern population增长现代人口再生产reproduction pattern characterized by a low birth rate，类型转变low death rate and low natural growth rate10、过孤独生活lead an isolated life11、城市人口比例上升the population of urban residents rose by...12、征求父母意见ask for her parents' opinion13、造成不同思想和观念result in a different ideology and concepts14、对子女寄予厚望pin great hopes on their children15、享受优越生活条件enjoy good living condition16、挣零花钱earn their pocket money17、逐渐削弱长辈权威undermine the authority of the older generation18、不服从父母disobey their parents19、人口死亡率下降…… the death rate of the population decrease from...to...20、居民平均预期寿命提高he people's life - expectancy on average is raised21、正确处理经济发展同人口correctly handle the relationship of economic资源、环境关系development versus（with ）population，natural resources and environment22、鼓励创建文明家庭encourage the idea of "Civilized Families"23、拒绝生小孩refuse to have a child24、提出离婚ask for a divorce25、和睦相处live in harmony26、倡导人力资源管理advocate the management of human resources27、损害人类社会道德观damage the morality of human society28、开辟人类历史新纪元start a new chapter in the history of human29、禁止他人作克隆人实验inhibit others from doing human cloning experiments30、造福人类和科学benefit mankind and science31、控制人口数量(增长) control the population size (growth)32、控制人口出生率control birth rate33、提高人口素质improve the population quality34、晚婚晚育marry late and have children late(delayed marriage and delayed child bearing )35、优化人口结构optimize the population structure36、优生优育bear and rear better children37、尊重和保障人权respect and guarantee human rights38、维护和促进人民生存权safeguard and promote the people's rights to subsistence 和发展权and development39、提倡晚婚晚育encourage late marriage and late childbirth40 坚持计划生育基本国策stick to the basic state policy for family planning六、体育类1、创立更多（新）世界纪录set more (a new) world record2、抢得六个篮板球，助攻六次have six rebounds and six assists3、向世界顶级球队学习learn from the world's top teams4、展示中国足球最新发展demonstrate (show) the latest development of China's soccer5、满意抽签结果satisfy with the draw6、取得世界杯决赛资格qualify for the World Cup finals7、标志一个历史时刻mark a historic time8、角逐世界杯compete for the World Cup9、避免与……比赛avoid playing against10、面对强手face strong rivals11、挑选选手choose players12、与强队竞争compete with strong teams13、抓住练习和学习机会grasp the chance to practise and learn14、表现完美give some very good performance15、同教练反应一致share the same reaction with their coach16、取得经验gain experience17、展示技能demonstrate their skills18、打败比利时队defeat Belgium19、获得团体冠军win the team title20、充当中国国家队主教练serve as the head coach of the Chinese national team21、急于获胜gain an eagerness to win22、实行11分、五战三胜制play under the 11-point, best-of-five-sets format23、主办中国大学生篮球联赛sponsor the China University Basketball Association league24、吸引中国大学生优秀选手attract China's top university players25、获得认可gain recognition26、打破恶性循环break the wretched cycle27、采取新计分方法adopt a new scoring system28、更具进攻性become more aggressive29、失去男子单打冠军miss out on men's singles gold30、与对手较量take on an opponent31、参加热身赛take part in a key warm-up game32、建立职业联赛和俱乐部set up a professional league and clubs33、主办2008年奥运会host the 2008 Olympic Games34、提高中国队水平raise the level of the Chinese team35、支持北京申办2008年奥运会support Beijing's bid for the 2008 Olympic Games36、参加申办活动participate in the bidding campaign37、蹦dance in discos38、提出比赛建议make comments on the contests39、反对使用兴奋剂oppose the use of performance-enhancing drugs40、增进友谊strengthen friendship41、为奥林匹克运动做出贡献make contribution to the Olympics movement and world peace42、配备各种设施furnish and equip with all facilities43、超过世界记录surpass the world record44、参加火炬接力participate in the torch-relay45、达到国际体育标准reach the standard for international games46、成为国家骄傲become the pride of the nation47、使中国以3:2取胜give the Chinese a 3-2 victory48、确保中国进入决赛ensure China's appearance in the final49、鸣笛终止比赛blow a whistle to stop the end of the match50、打破世界纪录break the world record (for swimming )。
英语写作与翻译
英语写作与翻译一、引言在当今全球化的时代，英语已经成为世界上最重要的国际语言之一。
因此，掌握英语写作和翻译的能力对于个人的职业发展和学术研究都至关重要。
本教案将介绍英语写作和翻译的基本原则和技巧，帮助学生提高自己的写作和翻译水平。
二、英语写作的基本原则1. 明确目标：在进行英语写作之前，首先要明确写作的目标和目的。
是要表达自己的观点，还是要描述一个事件或者解释一个概念？只有明确了写作的目标，才能更好地组织自己的思路和语言。
2. 结构清晰：一篇好的英语作文应该有一个清晰的结构，包括引言、正文和结论。
引言要引起读者的兴趣，正文要有逻辑性和连贯性，结论要简明扼要地总结全文。
3. 语言简洁：英语写作中，要尽量使用简洁明了的语言。
避免使用冗长的句子和复杂的词汇。
简洁的语言更容易被读者理解和接受。
4. 适当使用修辞手法：修辞手法可以使作文更具有表现力和感染力。
例如，使用比喻、夸张和排比等手法可以使文章更生动有趣。
三、英语写作的技巧1. 扩展词汇量：扩展词汇量是提高写作水平的关键。
学生可以通过阅读英语原著、报纸和杂志来增加自己的词汇量。
同时，还可以使用词汇书和在线词汇工具来帮助记忆和巩固词汇。
2. 练习写作：写作是一个需要不断练习的过程。
学生可以通过写日记、写作文等方式来提高自己的写作能力。
同时，可以请教老师或者找一个写作小组来互相批改作文，从中学习和改进。
3. 注意语法和拼写：良好的语法和拼写是写作的基础。
学生应该重视语法和拼写的学习，避免常见的语法错误和拼写错误。
四、英语翻译的基本原则1. 理解原文：在进行英语翻译之前，首先要对原文进行深入的理解。
理解原文的意思和表达方式，才能更好地进行翻译。
2. 保持准确性：翻译时要尽量保持原文的准确性。
避免意译和误译，尽量保持原文的语义和语气。
3. 适当调整语言：在翻译时，要根据目标语言的语言习惯和表达方式来适当调整语言。
避免字面翻译和生硬的语言。
4. 保持风格一致：在进行长篇翻译时，要尽量保持整个翻译的风格和语气的一致性。
英语写作与翻译技巧
英语写作与翻译技巧在写作和翻译时，如果你不更新你的词汇量，那么你的作文肯定不能脱颖而出。
下面就给大家介绍一些高大上的词汇。
important= vital= crucial（重要的，权威的，极其重要的）difference= distinction= gap（区别，不同，分歧）nowadays= currently（当前，目前）cheap= economical= inexpensive（便宜的，廉价的，节约的）good= beneficial= advantageous（好的，优秀的，有益的）need= require= necessitate= call for（必须，需要）improve= promote= advance= enhance（提升，提高）emphasize= highlight= stress= address（强调，着重，最重要的事）develop= cultivate= nurture（发展，生长，培育）complex= intricate（复杂的，难以理解的）break= impair= undermine= jeopardize= devastate（打破，破坏）satisfy= gratify (gratified her curiosity)（使满意，使高兴）angry= enraged (be enraged at/by sb.'s conduct, be enraged with sb.)（使暴怒，激愤）best= optimal (near optimal, time optimal)（最佳的，优秀的）unbelievable= inconceivable (an inconceivable victory against all odds)（不可相信的，难以置信的）famous= distinguished (distinguished guest, distinguished for diligence)（卓越的，著名的）possible= feasible (looking for feasible ways)（可行的，可用的）so= consequently (His long illness and consequent absence put him far behind in his work.)= accordingly (You may arrange accordingly.)（所以，因此）appear= emerge (The truth emerged at the inquest.)（出现，浮现）用于四六级作文开头的万能模板1. Many people insist/hold that... 很多人(坚持)认为……2. With the development of science and technology, more and more people believe that... 随着科技的发展, 越来越多的人认为……3. A lot of people seem to think that... 很多人似乎认为……4. It is well-known to us that…（我们都知道……）= As far as my knowledge is concerned,…（就我所知…）5. Recently the problem of…has been brought into focus. = Nowadays there is a growing concern over…（最近……问题引起了关注）6. Nowadays（overpopulation）has become a problem we have to face.（现今，人口过剩已成为我们不得不面对的问题）7. Internet has been playing an increasingly important role in our day-to-day life. It has brought a lot of benefits but has created some serious problems as well.（互联网已在我们的生活扮演着越来越重要的角色，它给我们带来了许多好处但也产生了一些严重的问题）8. With the rapid development of science and technology，more and more people believe that…（随着科技的迅速发展，越来越多的人认为……）9. It is a common belief that…=It is commonly believed that…（人们一般认为……）10. A lot of people seem to think that…（很多人似乎认为……）翻译小技巧翻译和作文在四六级中都占总分的15%，虽然翻译一度被认为是无规律可循，费时间正确率又不高的部分，但也不能轻易放弃。
翻译及写作练习汇总
翻译及写作练习汇总一、翻译练习：写句子时先写主干，再写零碎主谓宾S+V+O +how_when+where尽量不要写祈使句中文：我和JACK 这个星期天要去野餐。
如果你能来的话，我们将非常高兴。
JACK得去购物，这样的话我们每个人都会有我们爱吃的东西。
为了保护环境，我们就不会用纸杯子，相反我们会用玻璃杯。
天气会很不错，我们会在那散步。
顺便说一句，希望你不介意MIKE跟我们一起来。
他非常可爱我们都喜欢他。
虽然他是一只特别可爱的狗，但是我们不会让它吃太多。
因为这个对它的健康没好处。
我们将会非常高兴地看到这么多的好朋友聚在一起。
翻译例文：Jack and I will go for a picnic this Sunday. We will be pleased if you can join us.Jack will do some shopping so that every one of us can have our favorite food.In order to protect the environment, we won't use paper cups. Instead, we will bring some glass ones.The weather will fine enough for us to have a walk. By the way, I hope you don't mind Mike's coming with us.He is so lovely that we all love him. Though he is a nice dog, we won't allow him to eat to much.It's bad for his health. We will be glad to see so many friends getting together.状从的常用写作句型：1.没有事情是不可能的，只要你全力以赴。
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题目：语议论文；2）结合语言研究需要不断创新、跨学科研究是创新的动力以及跨学科的语言研究有助于发现问题和解决问题。
Ⅱ.Translate the following passage from Chinese into English. (40分)
运河千年流芳，拱墅自古繁华。新石器时代末期，在今上塘镇皋亭村水田畈一带就有人类活动。自隋唐以来，拱墅就是南北水陆交通要道和繁华商埠。至南宋时，得益于便捷的运河水运，成为各路商家的货物集散地，从大关桥至米市巷，“百货辐辏，商贾云集，千舻万舳，往返不绝”，成了名扬天下的“东南财赋之乡”。元代“北关夜市”成为钱塘八景之一。运河两岸距今四、五千年历史的半山水田畈遗址、富义仓遗址、小河直街历史文化街区等历史文化遗存，无不彰显着拱墅古老而璀璨的文明。
What kind of an account shall we be able to give to those who come after us of our dealings with the earth, which our forefathers handed down to us still beautiful, in spite of all the thousands of years of strife and carelessness and selfishness?
攻读硕士研究生入学考试题
考试科目代码：815
考试科目名称：翻译与写作
说明：考生答题时一律写在答题纸上，否则漏批责任自负。
Ⅰ.Translate the following passage from English into Chinese. (40分)
For, without beating about the bush, let us consider what the real state of art is. And first I must ask you to extend the word art beyond those matters which are consciously works of art, to take in not only painting and sculpture, and architecture, but the shapes and colors of all household goods, nay, even the arrangement of the fields for tillage and pasture, the management of towns and of our highways of all kinds; in a word, to extend it to the aspect of the externals of our life.
Ⅲ.Please write inEnglishat least 400 words anargumentative essayon the following statement:If There Were No Advertisements.Pay attention to the focus of your theme, development of ideas, origination of structures and choice of dictions.（40分）
For I must ask you to believe that every one of the things that goes to make up the surroundings among which we live must be either beautiful or ugly, either elevating or degrading to us, either a torment and burden to the maker of it to make, or a pleasure and a solace to him. How does it fare therefore with our external surroundings in these days?