2016级大学英语4期末口试题型
英语四级的口语部分常见题型
英语四级的口语部分常见题型一、个人介绍(Personal Introduction)在英语四级的口语部分中,个人介绍是常见的开场题型。
以下是一个范例:Good morning/afternoon/evening everyone. My name is [your name] and I come from [your hometown/country]. I am currently a [yourmajor/year in school/occupation]. In my free time, I enjoy [hobbies/interests].I am excited to be here today and participate in this speaking test. Thank you.二、谈论观点(Expressing Opinions)在英语四级口语中,会出现让考生表达观点的题目,如"Is it necessary to study a foreign language?" 或者 "Do you agree or disagreewith the statement: Advertising has a negative influence on children?"。
以下是一个范例回答:In my opinion, it is necessary to study a foreign language. Firstly, learning a foreign language can broaden our horizons and expose us to different cultures. Secondly, knowing a foreign language can enhance our communication skills and improve our job prospects in today's globalized world. Lastly, studying a foreign language can be fun and intellectually stimulating. Therefore, I believe that it is important for everyone to study a foreign language.三、描述图片(Describing a Picture)在四级口语考试中,常会给考生一张图片,并要求其描述该图片并发表自己的观点。
4级口语考试真题
四级口语考试真题一、真题题目1. Talk about your favorite hobby.(谈论你最喜欢的爱好。
)2. Describe a memorable trip you have taken.(描述一次你难忘的旅行。
)3. What's your opinion on online learning?(你对在线学习有什么看法?)4. Introduce a famous person you admire.(介绍一位你钦佩的名人。
)5. Discuss the importance of environmental protection.(讨论环境保护的重要性。
)6. Talk about your ideal job.(谈论你的理想工作。
)7. Describe a traditional festival in your country.(描述你国家的一个传统节日。
)8. What are the advantages and disadvantages of living in a big city?(生活在大城市有哪些优点和缺点?)9. Introduce your favorite book.(介绍你最喜欢的一本书。
)10. Discuss the impact of technology on our lives.(讨论科技对我们生活的影响。
)二、题目分析1. 对于“Talk about your favorite hobby.”,可以先点明自己的爱好是什么,然后阐述喜欢这个爱好的原因,比如带来的乐趣、收获等。
2. “Describe a memorable trip you have taken.”要求描述一次难忘的旅行,可从旅行的地点、经历的事情、感受等方面展开。
3. “What's your opinion on online learning?”需要表达对在线学习的看法,可以从优点(方便、资源丰富等)和缺点(缺乏互动、自律性要求高等)两方面进行论述。
2016年英语四级口语考试试题
2016年英语四级口语考试试题2016年起,全国大学英语四六级口语考试(CET-SET)将分设四级和六级两个级别,即“全国大学英语四级口语考试(CET-SET4)”和“全国大学英语六级口语考试(CET-SET6)”。
原CET-SET将设定为CET-SET6。
以下小编为大家整理的是2016年新版英语四级口语考试试题:Topic Area: Daily LifeTopic: TravelExaminer:Hello, welcome to the CET Spoken English Test – Band Four. We wish you both good luck today. Now let’s begin with self-introductions.Candidate A, would you please start? (考生A 先回答,时间20秒)Thank you. Candidate B, now it’s your turn. (然后考生B回答,时间20秒)Thank you. OK, now that we know each other, let’s go on.Examiner:In this task, you are to read aloud a short passage. You will have 45 seconds to go over the passage and 1 minute to read it aloud. Now here is the passage.(屏幕显示以下文字)Many people would list San Francisco as one of the most delightful cities in the world. Sitting on the Pacific coast, it gives you a feeling of the sea. The sea breezes wake you up and make you eat well and sleep well. The city was planned with straight roads, and these roads cross each other at right angles, making squares as they do in many American cities. Very often you can find yourself on top of a hill in the city, looking down one of these straight roads as it rises and falls on its journey through the town. A good way to travel these roads is by cable car. These are buses that run on rails in the ground up and down the steep hills.(考生准备时间45秒)Now please begin to read on hearing the beep.(考生A和B同时回答,时间1分钟)Examiner:In this task, you are to answer two questions. For each question, you will have 20 seconds to respond. Please start speaking on hearing the beep.(问题文字不显示在屏幕上)Question 1:What would many people think of San Francisco according to the passage?(考生A和B同时回答,时间20秒)Question 2:Which city in China do you like most? And why?(考生A和B同时回答,时间20秒)Examiner:In this task, you are to talk about the picture displayed on the screen. You will have 45 seconds to prepare and 1 minute to talk about it. Now here is the picture.(考生准备时间45秒)Now please start speaking on hearing the beep.(考生A和B同时回答,时间1分钟)Examiner:Task 4 Pair WorkIn this task, you are to talk with your partner about a plan of travel. Suppose you have three days to go sightseeing together. Talk with each other and make a plan for your trip. Your plan may include:place(s) to visitschedulemeans of transportationYou will have 1 minute to prepare and three minutes to talk. Remember, this is a pair activity and you need to interact with each other. Your performance will be judged according to your contribution to the pair work. Now please start to prepare.(屏幕上显示以下文字)Your plan may include:place(s) to visitschedulemeans of transportation(考生准备时间1分钟)Now please start your talk on hearing the beep.(考生A和B讨论,时间3分钟)Thank you. That is the end of the test.。
2016年英语四级口语考试试题
2016 年英语四级口语考试试题2016 年起,全国大学英语四六级口语考试(CET-SET) 将分设四级和六级两个级别,即“全国大学英语四级口语考试(CET-SET4) ”和“全国大学英语六级口语考试(CET-SET6)”。
原CET-SET将设定为CET-SET6。
以下小编为大家整理的是2016 年新版英语四级口语考试试题:Topic Area: Daily LifeTopic: TravelExaminer:Hello, welcome to the CET Spoken English Test–Band Four. Wewish you both good luck today. Nowlet ’s begin with self-introductions.Candidate A, would you please start? ( 考生 A 先回答,时间20 秒 )Thank you. Candidate B, now it ’s your turn. ( 然后考生B回答,时间20 秒)Thank you. OK, now that we know each other, let ’s go on.Examiner:In this task, you are to read aloud a shortpassage. You will have 45 seconds to go over the passage and 1 minute to read it aloud. Now h ere is the passage.( 屏幕显示以下文字)Many people would list San Francisco as one ofthe most delightful cities in the world. Sitting on the Pacific coast, it gives you a feeling of the sea. Thesea breezes wake you up and make you eat well and sleep well. The city was planned with straight roads, andthese roads cross each other at right angles, makingsquares as they do in many American cities. Very often you can find yourself on top of a hill in the city,looking down one of these straight roads as it risesand falls on its journey through the town. A good wayto travel these roads is by cable car. These are buses that run on rails in the ground up and down the steephills.( 考生准备时间45 秒)Now please begin to read on hearing the beep.( 考生A 和B同时回答,时间 1 分钟)Examiner:In this task, you are to answer two questions.For each question, you will have 20 seconds to respond. Please start speaking on hearing the beep.( 问题文字不显示在屏幕上)Question 1:What would many people think of San Francisco according to the passage?( 考生A 和B同时回答,时间20 秒)Question 2:Which city in China do you like most? And why?( 考生A 和B同时回答,时间20 秒)Examiner:In this task, you are to talk about the picture displayed on the screen. You will have 45 seconds toprepare and 1 minute to talk about it. Now here is thepicture.( 考生准备时间45 秒)Now please start speaking on hearing the beep.( 考生A 和B同时回答,时间 1 分钟)Examiner:Task 4 Pair WorkIn this task, you are to talk with your partner about a plan of travel. Suppose you have three days to go sightseeing together. Talk with each other and make a plan for your trip. Your plan may include:place(s) to visitschedulemeans of transportationYou will have 1 minute to prepare and threeminutes to talk. Remember, this is a pair activity and you need to interact with each other. Your performance will be judged according to your contribution to thepair work. Now please start to prepare.( 屏幕上显示以下文字)Your plan may include:place(s) to visitschedulemeans of transportation( 考生准备时间 1 分钟)Now please start your talk on hearing the beep.( 考生A 和B讨论,时间 3 分钟)Thank you. That is the end of the test.。
四级口语考试题型
四级口语考试题型一、口语考试常见题型概述在四级口语考试中,常见的题型包括个人陈述、看图描述、问题回答、情景对话以及听力复述等。
二、个人陈述在个人陈述环节,考生需要根据给定的话题进行自我介绍或者阐述个人观点。
例如,以下为一个个人陈述范例:话题:描述一个你喜欢的电影范例:我想和大家分享一部我非常喜欢的电影,它叫《肖申克的救赎》。
这部电影是由导演弗兰克·德拉邦特执导,根据作家斯蒂芬·金的同名小说改编而成。
故事讲述了一名银行家安迪·杜弗雷恩因被错误指控谋杀妻子和情人而被判两个终身监禁的故事。
他在监狱中结识了著名囚犯瑞德,并与他建立了深厚的友谊。
安迪通过帮助瑞德洗白自己的名誉,最终实现了令人难以置信的逃离监狱并获得自由的壮举。
这部电影不仅有一个扣人心弦的故事情节,还展现了友情、希望和自由的力量。
它通过深入描绘角色的情感和内心世界,给观众留下了深刻的印象。
我喜欢这部电影的原因之一是它的剧情紧凑,不仅让人紧张激动,同时又有许多令人感动的时刻。
此外,这部电影还有令人难以预料的反转和令人惊奇的结局,给观众留下了深刻的印象。
总的来说,这是一部思想深刻、情感真挚、发人深省的电影。
我强烈推荐大家一定要去看一看!三、看图描述在看图描述环节,考生需要根据提供的图片进行描述。
以下为一个看图描述的范例:范例:图片展示了一幅城市夜景,我们可以看到高楼大厦与灯火辉煌的街道。
从图片中可以感受到这个城市的繁华和活力。
首先,我们可以看到许多高楼大厦耸立在城市的中心,楼顶和窗户的灯光闪烁不定,给城市增添了无穷的魅力。
另外,街道两侧的霓虹灯和路灯照亮了整个城市,给行人和司机提供了良好的照明。
此外,我们还可以看到一些汽车和行人在街道上穿行。
汽车的尾灯和前灯投射出一条条明亮的光线,行人则穿行于人行道上,或急匆匆地赶路,或悠闲地散步。
总的来说,这幅图片展现了一个夜晚的繁华城市。
在这里,高楼大厦、灯火辉煌的街道和熙熙攘攘的人群交织在一起,构成了这个城市的夜间美景。
大学英语(四)3学分期末口语考试范围终稿版
大学英语(四)3学分期末口语考试范围终稿版大学英语(四)(全新版)3学分期末口语考试内容:一、段落背诵(范围:Unit 1,2,3,4的一段)共计10个段落,考试模板将附有译文,36秒钟完成。
二、话题讨论(范围:Unit 1,2,3,4)共计8个讨论话题。
(形式参照上学期,3-5人为一组,每人平均参与时间为45秒,因此4人组为3分钟;3人组为2分15秒;5人组为3分45秒。
)具体内容参见下方:段落背诵:Unit 1 Bk4段落背诵(1)From: Text A The Icy Defender--- Para. 2, P.4In 1941, Adolf Hitler, leader of Nazi Germany, launched an attack against the Soviet Union, as Russia then was called. Hitler’s military might was unequaled. His war ma chine had mowed down resistance in most of Europe. Hitler expected a short campaign but, like Napoleon before him, was taught a painful lesson. The Russian winter again came to the aid of the Soviet soldiers.1941年,纳粹德国元首阿道夫?希特勒进攻当时被称作苏联的俄罗斯。
希特勒的军事实力堪称无敌,他的战争机器扫除了欧洲绝大部分地区的抵抗。
希特勒希望速战速决,但是,就像在他之前的拿破仑一样,他得到的是痛苦的教训。
仍是俄罗斯的冬天助了苏维埃士兵一臂之力。
(2)From: Text A The Icy Defender--- Para. 14, P.7In the north, the Germans closed in on Leningrad. Despite great suffering, however, the people of Leningrad refused to surrender. As the battle of Lening rad dragged on into winter, the city’s situation became desperate. As food ran out, people died from hunger and disease. By the middle of the winter of 1941—1942, nearly four thousand people starved to death every day. Close to one million people died as a result of the siege.在北方,德国人包围了列宁格勒。
英语四级口语练习题
英语四级口语练习题
英语四级口语考试是大学英语四六级考试中非常重要的一项。
通过口语考试,考生可以展示自己的口语交流能力,同时也是大学英语教学中培养学生全面英语能力的一环。
针对英语四级口语考试,本文将给出一些练习题,帮助考生更好地准备口试。
一、个人问题类
1. 请自我介绍,并介绍一下你的家乡。
2. 你认为最好的一部电影是什么?为什么?
3. 你的理想职业是什么?为什么选择这个职业?
4. 你平时有哪些爱好和特长?
5. 你曾经参加过哪些志愿者活动?你从中学到了什么?
二、生活经验类
1. 你认为大学英语四级口语考试的重要性是什么?
2. 请描述一次你帮助别人的经历,并说说你从中有什么收获。
3. 你曾经遇到过最困难的问题是什么?你是如何解决的?
4. 你觉得朋友对你的重要性有多大?为什么?
5. 请谈谈你的学习方法和技巧。
三、社会问题类
1. 你认为大学生应该积极参与社会实践吗?为什么?
2. 你对人工智能的发展持什么样的态度?
3. 请谈谈你对环保的看法和建议。
4. 你对网络文化的态度是怎样的?
5. 你认为什么是一个成功的人?
以上是一些英语四级口语练习题,通过回答这些问题,考生可以提高自己的口语表达能力,增强交流能力,从而更好地应对英语口语考试。
希望考生们能够认真思考,尽量用英语回答这些问题,锻炼口语能力。
祝愿大家都能取得好成绩!。
2016年5月CET-4大学英语四级口语试题汇总
大学英语四级口语考试(CET-SET4)内容及流程部分任务名称考试过程答题时间Part1 设备测试考生自主完成5分钟Part2 自我介绍根据考官指令,每位考生作一个简短的自我介绍。
(约1分钟) 每位考生发言20秒Part3 短文朗读考生准备45秒后朗读一篇120词左右的短文。
(约2分钟) 每位考生朗读1分钟Part4 简短回答考生回答2个与朗读短文有关的问题。
(约1分钟) 每位考生发言40秒Part5 个人陈述考生准备45秒后,根据所给提示作陈述。
(约2分钟) 每位考生发言1分钟Part6 两人互动考生准备1分钟后,根据设定的情景和任务进行交谈。
(约4分钟) 两位考生互动3分钟2016年5月CET-SET4试题汇总场次1I. Self-introduction (30seconds)II. Read Aloud(45s to prepare; 60s to read)III. Question & Answer(2 questions; 20s per Q)IV. Individual Presentation(45s to prepare; 60s to talk ) Views on robots doing housework. V. Pair Work(60s to prepare; 90s to talk)Your presentation may include: --for what purpose --what is the price range --whether to buy it at a store or online 场次2 I. Self-introduction II. Read Aloud III. Question & Answer What’’s the Lord of the Files about? ⑴What⑵There are few people read novels these days, what do you think about this phenomenon? IV. Individual Presentation My school library. V. Pair Work Your presentation may include: --characters --setting --plot场次3I. Self-introductionII. Read AloudIII. Question & AnswerIV. Individual PresentationThe pains of growing up. V. Pair WorkYour presentation may include: --listening to the classmate talking about his/her problem --taking the classmate to a movie or concert --sharing your own experience in overcoming difficulties 场次4I. Self-introductionII. Read AloudIII. Question & AnswerIV. Individual PresentationThe importance of family budgeting. V. Pair WorkYour presentation may include: --doing part-time jobs --seeking financial aid --applying for bank loans 场次5I. Self-introductionII. Read AloudIII. Question & AnswerIV. Individual PresentationMy best friend. V. Pair WorkYour presentation may include: --personality --shared interests --common goals 场次6I. Self-introductionII. Read AloudIII. Question & AnswerIV. Individual PresentationThe importance of reading. V. Pair WorkYour presentation may include: --choose the right books --make notes when necessary --reflect on what you read 场次7I. Self-introductionII. Read AloudIII. Question & Answer⑴What should a customer do before they complain? ⑵What could you do if you bought a fake product? IV. Individual PresentationThe importance of good customer service. V. Pair WorkYour presentation may include: --talking to the manager --writing to the department head --calling the media 经典英语谚语100句1.All rivers run into sea. 海纳百川。
大学外语(四)口语题目及答案
1. Can a person rely on the welfare system for everything? Why? No, I think that he surely can’t rely on the welfare system for everything. Admittedly, the welfare system can help a person with some financial problems. Since a disabled person might not be able towork, the government can help give money to live. Nevertheless, money is not the only thing that a person needs in order to live. A person needs things ,such as excitement, strength, adventure and so on, for his soul. What’s more, everyone needs love, too. And a disabled person is not different. He needs these things and he must get them the same way that everyone else does. He must get them on his own. In all, a person can’t rely on the welfare system foreverything.2. Should we ignore our friends and family for the sake of our own interests ?In my view, life can be very busy, and it is good to stop and think more about the importance of our close relationships. Of course we shouldn’t ignore our friends and family members. Even though we are caught up in wishes to change the world or something like that, weshould all be careful how we act toward people close to us. The measures we should take are quite clear. Rather than world problems, we shouldfocus on problems within ourselves. Are we kind enough? Are we generous enough? These are the questions we should ask.1Following this, we should then try to make improvements, making ourselves better people. If we become good , we will then have a good influence on others, most on our family members and friends. They, our friends and family, must come before our own interests. We must love them whole-heartedly. We must find their needs and then work to satisfy those needs. We can have the best possible lives, if we put friends and family members before our interests.3. China has declared a war on corruption with a focus on corrupt government officials. Is it possible for China to end corruption?I am sure it is possible to end corruption because I believe in the Chinese people. Though there are exceptions, and those exceptions are causing problems now, I believe that most people are good and honest. What’s more, I believe that most Chinese people are brave. If asked by the government to watch out for and report corruption, most people will do so. They will report corruption wherever they see it. Then actions will be taken against corruption. Any plan that includes the Chinese people against corruption will work. I believe that ending corruption will be accomplished by China.4.Do you believe that people of different races are equal? Why?I am not a racist. So I believe people are all equal. First, groups are similar biologically. We all have the same basic features, but onlydiffer in very superficial ways, like color skin. Also, each group has a culture that has evolved and supported its people, sometimes for thousands of years. And related to this is that each one of these cultures, and each one of these people, is unique and, therefore, special. Each provides color to the world and makes the world a more interesting place.5. How long have you had your mobile phone and why do you choose it?Mobile phones benefit our lives a lot, obviously. First of all, it makes the communications convenient. In the past, people write lettersor send telegrams to get touch with others. Phones make the communication easier. When you miss someone, a piece of short messagesent to his mobile phone will replace the long travel of thousands of miles. The long distance among people can be shortened by it. Secondly, the 21th century is a century of information. And the intelligencemobile phones bring great convenience to our internet-surfing. We cansurf the internet to get information at anytime and anywhere. To getsome knowledge on-line and your only need a few touches to your mobile phones, so as to listening to the radio. Thirdly, with the developmentof mobile phones, they becoming smaller, thinner and more beautiful, and this makes them more fashionable and convenient to carry on. Moreover,the functions of mobile phones are becoming more and more. They can use as alarm clocks, cameras, blotters, flashlights, music players andso on. More amazing and useful applications of mobile phones can be used. Last but not least, the industry of mobile phones can push the development of electronic industry, which can provide many jobs and make efforts to the prosperity of economy.6. Describe a book, a story or a movie you like most and its influence on your life.Oliver TwistHave you ever read Oliver Twist?What do you think it? Today I wantto share it with yours because it is like most on my life . Oliver Twist, one of the most famous works of Charles Dickens', is a novel reflecting the tragic fact of the life in Britain in 18th century. The author who was born in a poor family wrote this novel in his twenties with a viewto reveal the ugly masks of those cruel criminal s and to expose the horror and violence hidden underneath the narrow and dirty streets in London.To my disappointment, nowadays some people seem to doubt the existence of the goodness in humanity. They look down on people'shonesty and kindness, thinking it foolish of people to bewarm-hearted. As a result, they show no sympathy to those who arein trouble and seldom offer to help others. On the other hand, theyattach importance to money and benefit. In their opinion, money is the only real object while emotions and morality are nihility. If they cannot get profit from showing their 'kindness', they draw back when others are faced with trouble and even hit a man when he is down. They are one of the sorts that I really detest.7. Can you tell us your experience of making an excuse because you were late or had forgotten to do something?A child, the most worried is that every time to sleep and see the teacher's strict eyes, this time when the brain is rapidly rotating, to find a reasonable excuse for being late. One day, I was late for school, Mr. Smith who was my teacher was very angry with me. I immediately apologized for being late, and explained that my mother was ill in bed, so I had to look after her. Then I promised not to be late again. Finally, Mr. Smith forgave me for my sincere apology. 8. You are going to tell experience about your last time you ate out at a restaurantLast night we went to eat in a little restaurant near our school.It was not a good time for us to get there as we could find a seat. So we had to wait for about half an hour in front of a table which was in use by four customers. When we sat down and started to order from the menu ,we were told that three dishes we ordered were not available as the materials for these dishes were all used up. What adisappointment! We had no choice but to order a meat dish of spare-ribs and a vegetable dish of greens together with a bowl of rice for each of us. We were still hungry after the meal so we had to have some instant noodles after we returned to our dorm.9. Which city in your country attracts most visitors, why?As the captain of China, Beijing has been the most popular city of china. So more and more people want to visit Beijing. I think the best time to visit Beijing is spring ,for the weather of that time is very fine ,neither too hot nor too cold .The warm wind will make you feel happy. Many people visit Beijing for it's beautiful scene and cultural inheritance. If you want to have a enjoyable journey, I suggest you to pay a visit to the Great Wall, the Summer Palace ,the Olympic Park andmany other place. When you feel tired after one day's journey ,you can taste the "Noodles with Soy Bean Paste", a kind of traditional food in Beijing. There are many other things you can do in Beijing, as shopping in the big shopping mall, visit the different kinds park ,visit the "Si He Yuan "and so Beijing is China's second largest city, after Shanghai. It is a major transportation hub, with dozens of railways, roads and motorways passing through the city. It is also the focal point of many international flights to China. Beijing is recognized as the political, educational, and cultural center of the People's Republic of China, while Shanghai and HongKong predominate in economic fields. The city also has host the 2008 Summer Olympics.10. Please tell your experience about bargaining?Besides smiling a lot, it is important to keep the conversation going while actively pursuing your desired price. Keeping talking makes the seller feel more at ease and makes him/her confident that you are sincere with your offer. Don't ever go quiet, this makes the seller believe you have lost interest and he will no longer tend to your requests. Even if it's the perfect item, the moment the seller sees that wistful look in your eyes, they'll know they've got the upper hand. Appear interested, as if you're willing to buy the product if the price is right, but you can certainly live without it as well. Many people hesitate to haggle because they don't want to seem cheap. But are you really willing to pay top dollar just so you can preserve the esteem of total strangers? You're only meeting them this once, and you'll probably never meet them again. Even if you're shopping with people you know,they might raise an eyebrow when you start haggling, but they'll sure be jealous when you get a better price than they did! When the seller makes an offer that is almost what you want, look distressed and say "Oh, okay. Well, let me ask my husband/wife/mother/father. I've been dying to get one of these for months now, but they keep saying it's too expensive."If you have acell phone, pull it out and call your partner in crime, or evenfake the call if you have to: "Yes, but it's what I've been looking for...I don't know...OK...Yes, fine..." End your call, turn to the seller, and say "I can buy it for..." giving a price that is slightly below what they've offered. A lot of times, offering cash upfront will entice a retailer to meet your price. Split your cash in increments so that you can show the seller the money you're offering without them seeing how much more money you have sitting in your wallet.。
英语四级口语考试问题及答题技巧
英语四级口语考试问题及答题技巧2016英语四级口语考试问题及答题技巧下面是店铺整理的2016年大学英语四级口语考试考官经常提问的问题,以及口语考试的答题技巧,提供给诸位考生复习备考。
1. What’s your name?2. Does your name have any special meaning?3. Where do you come from?4. What kind of landscape surrounds your hometown?5. What is the main crop in your hometown?6. What is the difference between Beijing and your hometown?7. What are the main places of interest in your hometown?8. What is the climate like in your hometown?9. What is the character of the people like in the region where you live?10. What are the differences in accent between the people of your hometown and Beijing?11. What is people’s favorite food in your region?12. How do you make dumplings?13. What do you do during the Spring Festival?14. Why is the Spring Festival so important to Chinese people?15. Can you describe one of the main festivals celebrated in your country?16. Tell me something about the Lantern Festival.17. Tell me something about the Qing Ming Festival.18. Tell me something about the customs of your country.19. How long have you lived in Beijing?20. What is the weather like in Beijing?21. How do you compare the climate in Beijing with that inyour hometown?22. What place in Beijing do you like best? Why ?23. Which is the worst place you’ve been to China?24. Which is the best place you’ve been to China?25. What places in Beijing should a foreigner visit? Why?26. What are the major social problems in Beijing? How can they be solved?27. What is the biggest problem China faces?28. What places in Beijing should a foreigner visit? Why?29. Could you tell me something about your family?30. Have you any children?31. What is your child’s name? Does his name have a meaning?32. What does your wife/husband do?33. When did you get married?34. Describe your wedding.35. How have weddings changed in recent years?36. Are there any special customs about wedding in your region?37. Describe a traditional wedding ceremony.38. Where did you go for your honeymoon?39. Did you have to ask for permission from your parents before you got married?40. Is it acceptable for couples to live together without marrying?41. Where do you think a newly couple should live? Living with their parents or on their own?42. What responsibilities should a couple take?43. How do Chinese usually celebrate birthdays?44. Are there any traditions concerning the birth of a baby?45. What kind of parent do you intend to be?46. What do you think of One-Child Policy in China?47. Why do people in China traditionally want to have a son?48. What difficulties do Chinese farmers have concerning their old age?49. What do you think needs to be done in order to relieve the farmer’s worries?50. What hope or fears do you have for your children?51. What sort of culture do you hope your child will grow up in?52. Are you going to bring up your child differently from the way you were brought up? How?53. Do you enjoy shopping?54. Who does most of the shopping in your family?55. What are you good at cooking? What is your favorite dish?56. Who does most of cooking in your family?57. Is there sex discrimination in China?58. How do you sum up women’s conditions in China?59. What are the causes of sex discrimination?60. Should government pay certain salaries to those housewives? Why or why not?61. Would you want your wife to continue with her career or to stay at home taking care of the household after you get married?62. Have you ever wished to be one of the opposite sex? Why (why not)?63. What would you do if your next-door neighbour were noisy nearly all the time?64. Do you have a lot of friend?65. What does friendship mean to you? What kind of peopledo you make friend with?66. What is your major?67. How do you like your major?68. When and where did you graduate? What qualifications have you obtained?69. Do you still remember your school days?70. What impressed you most when you were at university?71. Which is the best university in your country?。
四级口试题型
四级口试题型
四级口试通常包括以下几种题型:
1. 自我介绍:考生需要进行简短的自我介绍,包括姓名、年龄、所在学校或单位、兴趣爱好等。
2. 问答:考官会向考生提问,考生需要用英语回答问题。
问题可以涉及个人信息、日常生活、学习或社会话题等。
3. 图片描述:考生需要描述给定的图片或图表,并回答与之相关的问题。
4. 观点交流:考生需要表达自己对某个观点或问题的看法,并和考官进行交流和讨论。
5. 情景对话:考生需要与考官进行一段情景对话,模拟真实生活场景,例如预约餐厅、购物、问路等。
6. 随机话题演讲:考生需要从一些随机选定的话题中选择一个,并进行短暂的演讲。
7. 短文朗读:考生需要朗读一段给定的短文,并回答相关问题或进行简短的讨论。
8. 情感表达:考生需要表达自己的情感态度,例如描述喜欢的人或事物、对某个事件的感受等。
以上是一些常见的四级口试题型,具体的题目和要求可能因考试机构和考试年份而有所不同。
参加口试的考生可以通过练习和模拟口试,提高口语表达和交流能力,以应对口试中的各种题型。
2016英语四级口语考试训练题及参考答案(2)
4. What kind of activities do you take part in during your free time? Many students may feel that college life is boring. They do not know how to deal with plenty of spare time. But I think the college life will become wonderful as long as we make it meaningful. In fact, we can do all kinds of activities which we are interested in. Do not be nervous. (1) In my spare time, I often do sports. Doing sports can enhance our physical (mental) development. It can keep fit and make us staying in health. I’ll learn some self-defense skills from it. By doing sports, I also learn how to communicate and interact with others. I like running. It is exciting. I feel close to nature when running .And it shows what upper limit human physique can reach after finishing a full running. Sometimes, I often play basketball, football, badminton table tennis, and so on. You know, table tennis is very popular activity on campus. It is a national sport. Not only do students like it, but many teachers like it. Playing table tennis can train my brain, especially my eyes . After studying for a long time, My eyes are tied and hurt. So it is good choice to play table tennis with my classmates for relaxing ourselves. I’m a big basketball fan, even though I’m not good at playing basketball myself. I like Yao Ming, so I love to watch the NBA on TV whenever I get a chance. (2) In my free time, I often surf on the internet. With the development of computers throughout the world, more and more people have access to the Internet. I know it has disadvantage to spend too much time using it. But I just use it to get a lot of information by browsing different websites. In fact, the Internet has changed our conventional ways for work, communication, entertainment and expression. Apart from using the Internet for professional purposes, I also use it to communicate with families and friends by sending and receiving e-mails, talking with others and playing games such bridge or chess with partners or opponents they don’t see. I also use the BBS to express my opinions in ways otherwise impossible. In general, spending too much time surfing on the interest is not good to a person. We should have a right attitude to it and make use of it correctly for our study. Studying in college is a brand new start of our life. We can continue to study hard for the better scores. If we want to show our talents and skills we can join in all kinds of activities. By so , we can have a wonderful college life! 5. Is it necessary for students to take part in the social activity during the free time? Everybody knows that study is one of the most important things for the young people, and a lot of people think that young men should study everyday to get a good score. But I do not agree with such an idea, my opinion is that the social activity and study are good friends. I have 3 main aspects to support my idea. Firstly, the purpose of study is to do more contributions to the society, is to serve for the work. We learn more and more things in order to work easier and easier in the future, so social activity is the checking standard of study. Secondly, the social activity can make us know what is our weakpoint and what we should learn in the future. For example, if I can not use computer in my social work, I must ask myself to learn it well so as to improve my work. Finally, the social activity is also a kind of rest for us after study. From what has talked above, we can safely draw a conclusion that the social activity is a good partner of study, we should make use of the relations between them to create a good future. 6. Can you tell us something about the after-class activities at your college (university)? When the classes are over, students burst out of the classroom buildings. Tired after a whole of serious study, they mostly spend one or two hours to relax and refresh themselves. If you take a walk on campus, you will get an idea about what students do after class. On the playgrounds, various kinds of sports activities are going on. You will see students jogging or playing ball games. Some of them may only be practicing, some are competing seriously against each other. On the weekends, members of various clubs meet at this time. Some students are learning painting, calligraphy or paper-cut, while others simply sit around and talk. The drama group is rehearsing and the school chorus is practicing. Andthere is also a film show on Saturday. On Sundays or holidays we often have concerts, plays, or parties. Sometimes we organize picnic, climbing mountains, visits to exhibitions of factories. From time to time we invite professors from different fields to give lectures, they are qualified, professional and helpful. Through the after-class activities, we widen our horizon, makes friends, have fun at the same time, the most important is, we learn many thing that we can’t in class. It is these activities that make our college life colorful and unforgettable.。
2016级大学英语4期末口试题型
口语考试采取随堂考的形式(2人/组),总分值20分。
部分
任务名称
任务描述
时间
分值
测试方向
Part I
自我介绍
考生依次作简短的自我介绍
答题20秒*2人
2分
课外
Part II
短文朗读及回答问题
考生经过准备后,依次朗读一段短文
准备30秒
朗读1分钟*2人
回答问题30秒*2人
二.个人话题陈述:
1.No cross, no crown.
2.Practice makes perfect.
3.In time of peace prepare for war.
4.Never judge by appearances.
5.Look before you leap; see before you go.
2) challenges
3) broad prospects or doomed failure?
Energy Crisis
1) how energy-conscious are you
2) fossil fuels and renewable energy
3) how to cope with it?
说明:
一.课文朗读及回答问题部分:
单元
课文朗读部分
回答问题
(Understanding the text)
Unit1
Love and logic
第1,2,4段
Page 10
1. What is the deal between the narrator and his roommate, Rob? Why do they make the deal?
12月大学英语四级口语常见考题
12月大学英语四级口语常见考题2016年12月大学英语四级口语常见考题随着四级考试的不断改革,尤其是2016年下半年出台的`口语报名通知,大家可以感觉到口语越来越受到教育部门的重视,口语成绩已经上了成绩单!以下是yjbys网店铺整理的关于英语四级口语考试常见话题,供同学们参考。
英语四级口语常见考题一:情景会话:在停车场--- 停车费丹尼尔 What is the parking fee per hour here?这里停车每小时多少钱?保安 Ten yuan an hour.每小时10块钱。
丹尼尔 How much would it be if I park here for an hour and ten minutes?那要是停了1小时10分钟呢?保安 Twenty yuan, sir. Because we charge by the number of hours.20块钱,先生。
因为我们是按小时整点收费的。
丹尼尔 I see. Thanks.明白了。
谢谢。
车位李强 Excuse me, I'm afraid you' ve parked in the wrong spot.对不起,恐怕您停错位置了。
查理 Oh, really? Isn't this spot D406?哦,真的吗?这不是D406号停车位吗?李强 No, it's D407, which is my parking space.不是,D407号,是我的停车位。
查理 I'm sorry, I must have been confused. I'll move my car right away.对不起,我一定是弄混了。
我马上把车开走。
李强 It's no big deal. Thanks.英语四级口语常见考题二:情景会话:健身中心--- 健身器材教练 If you want to tone up your legs, I recommend using the treadmill.如果想锻炼腿部,我推荐你使用跑步机。
大学英语四口语测试题目(学生)
大学英语四口语测试题目(学生)大学英语四口语测试题目1.Some people prefer to spend most of their time alone. Others like to be with friends most of the time. Do you prefer to spend your time alone or with friends Personally,I prefer to spend most of my time alone.Friends are important in our growth,but we should not forget the shortcomings of spending too much time with friends.No matter what we do, we should try our best to do it all by ourselves.First,sometimes staying together with too many friends may mislead us into doing something wrong.As the saying goes, one takes the behavior of one's company.For example, if you are always spending time staying with a friend who is addicted to computer games, maybe some day you are to be addicted too. Take me for example, when I was in Grade 9, I had three best friends.Not only did we study together at school but also we spent most time playing together after school. Both teachers and students admired us for our friendship. .2.Some people say, “Only people who earn a lot of money are successful. ” What’s your opinion about it?Is it true that only people who earn a lot of money are successful? Recently the controversy has been brought into focus. We cannot deny the fact that money is one of the yardsticks against which how much one has achieved is measured. However, in stark contrast, many people would rather stick to an opposite view.The rhetoric that only when people have earned a colossal sum of money can they be regarded successful is not only unreasonable, unconvincing, or misleading but also absurd andridiculous in that it has obviously neglected the celebrated scientists, sociologist, psychologists, philosophers and anthropologists who may have never had enough money to live a comfortable and convenient life yet they are virtually successful. For instance, Albert Einstein, The greatest physicist of the 20th century who created the theory of relativity and was awarded the Nobel Prize, was immune to becoming wealthy.3.Say something about “terrorism”.When we hear the word ‘terrorism’, we will think of the 911 event, which cause d much damage. In fact, international terrorism has existed since World War Two. A s society develops, many means have been used in terrorism such as hijacking, expl osion, kidnapping and so on, which attracts much attention in the whole world. Faced with so many terrorist activities, we can not help to think about the roots of t errorism. In my opinion, there are three reasons for the problem. Firstly, extreme n ationalism, which is intended to resist the foreign oppression and seek for national independence, is the main root of terrorism. Although some countries did succeed by this way in history, the way itself should not be advocated. Besides, terrorism is the product of intensification of contradictions in the domestic and overseas. In oth er words, the gaps between rich and poor countries become wider and wider, leadi ng to terrorism against the globalization of capitalism. In all, the main reason lies in the economy. So, how to make fair distribution around the world is worth thinking deeply. Last but not least, religious factors and cultural conflicts should be responsi ble for this serious problem. As we know, some crazy religious believers play impor tant role in terrorist events in several years.4.High schools should allow students to study the coursesthat students want to study. Do you agree with it? Why?H igh school is a very important time in a person's educational career. During this period, they will learn many of the skills necessary to be successful in university and the work world. There are both advantages anddisadvantages of students picking their own courses in high school. The disadvantages are that high schoolstudents are too young to have good judgment about what they really require and also, it's very important for ayoung person to get a rounded education. The advantage of adolescents picking their own courses is that people should be able to start exploring their aptitudes at a young age.5.Some people say that advertising encourages us to buy things we really do not need. Others say that advertisements tell us about new products that may improve our lives. Which opinion do you agree with? Why?Nowadays, people always talk about the role of advertising in daily life. Some people claim that advertising transmits some useful information to improve our lives; others maintain that it usually lures people into buying something they virtually do not need .The latter is also my point. There are , among other things, three main aspects that I will explore to support my view.It is true that advertising sometimes tell us about new products needed by us. For example, the advertising of digital television , at the present time soaring all over the channels, gives some knowledge on how to choose economically and how to maintain effectively. So if youhave little or no relative information in this field, the advertising, certainly, can give you a help. However, thisadvantage is much trivial when compared with its negative influence.6. Some people prefer to spend their free time outdoors. Other people prefer to spend their spare time indoors. Would you prefer to be outside or would you prefer to be inside for your spare activities? Why?7. Many parts of the world are losing important natural resources, such as forests, animals, or clean water. Choose one resource that is disappearing and explain why it needs to be saved. As we all know, the plant we live is not as clean as before. There is no doubt that it is because human beings increase the production of goods and ignore the effect sid e from the pollution being released to the environment nearby. Although we have already realized how serious the loss of raw material and natura l resource is, all the method of repair still can’t fix it as before, just as we can’t create another chance to save these extinctive animals. However, I’d like to analyze the decreasing of clean water.Scientists have ever claimed that there was only 2.5 percent of water we could use over the rest of water in ocean, which meant although water covered more area th an land, it was still can’t satisfy people’s need of water. Excluding fat, water composes approximately 70% of human body by mass. In some poverty, because of the lack of clean water, they used polluted w ater which many toxic and harmful substances in it. Causing the spread of waterbor ne diseases and increasing the death rate of local residents. We can know that wate r is one-off product that the loss of water would not come back from the spreading of media. However, in this situation, people still ignore the worth of clean water. On the other hand, it is also another threats of theseanimals live in clean water. Du e to the damage of their habitat, there was a dramatically decrease on the number of fish, which brought many different species of fish being endangered and caused the imbalance of ecology and vicious cycle of nature began.To be concluded, human beings as the rulers of this plant have responsibility to pro tect it. We can’t be regret until the end of damaging hardly be fixed.8.In some countries, people are no longer allowed to smoke in many public places and office buildings. Do you think this is a good rule or a bad rule? Why?Not allowing smoking in public places and office building is a very good rule. I believe this for several reasons .Not only will banning smoking improve people’s health, it will also increase worker productivity and reduce conflicts.we all know smoking is not healthy. Unfortunately, when smokers are able to smoke in public buildings, they can make other people sick . They may work with people who are allergic to smoking, for examples. In that case , the non-smokers have no choice unless they want to quit their jobs. They can only get sicker , which is unfair .Of course , banning smoking in public buildings and offices will please non-smokers. It will also improve the smokers’health. They will have fewer opportunities to smoke, so they will smoke fewer cigarettes.Banning smoking in office buildings can also increase worker productivity. Smokers won’t interrupt their work all the time to smoke. There will also be fewer worker absences. When smokers cut down the number of cigarettes, they will get fewer smoking related illnesses.9.People listen to music for different reasons and at differenttimes. Why is music important to many people?Music seems to be a natural need for people. I’ve read that from ancient times human beings have produced sounds from “instrument”li ke rocks or skins stretched over a wooden frame. Music is something most people want and need. I think it’s important because it can be a major part of both community and individual experience.Music is a way of sharing a common bond or feeling. When we’re children, we learn very simple songs called nursery rhymes. These songs help make us part of our culture by telling us what’s acceptable and what’s not. We play and sing music in our religious ceremonies because it enhances the worship experience. We play music when we’re going to war or celebrating the fact that we’re won a war.We have national anthems to share our love and pride for our particular country. We have music we play for our school, and music we play for our athletic team. In fact, music has become a big part of athletic games. We use it to taunt the other team as well as celebrate when points are scored for our team.10. Who is your best friend? Which kind of quality can you learn from him or her?。
大学英语四级口语考试试卷
大学英语四级口语考试试卷
Part 1 - Introduction (自我介绍) (10 points)
请简单介绍一下你自己,包括你的姓名、年龄、学校、专业以
及你的兴趣爱好。
Part 2 - Personal Experience (个人经历) (20 points)
请你分享一个你最难忘的经历,包括故事的起因、经过和结局,以及你从中学到的经验和教训。
Part 3 - Social Issues (社会问题) (30 points)
你认为目前社会上最重要的问题是什么?请列举具体的事例来
支持你的观点,并提出解决这个问题的建议。
Part 4 - Opinion (观点陈述) (20 points)
你认为手机对人们的生活产生了什么样的影响?请列举具体的
事例来支持你的观点,并阐述你的观点。
Part 5 - Discussion (讨论) (20 points)
你认为大学生应该选择专业还是兴趣?请列举具体的理由并阐述你的观点。
Part 6 - Conclusion (总结) (10 points)
请简要总结上述内容并表达你对此次口语考试的看法。
注意事项:
- 每个问题的回答不要少于3句话;
- 回答时要注意语速、语调和表达方式;
- 尽量用一些具体的例子和数据来支持你的观点。
大学英语4口语考试提纲
《大学英语4》课程期末考试口语试题的10个话题1、Directions:The students are divided into groups. Each group includes 4 to 6 students. The topic is Made in China—cheap and inferior?The students can use the following information to have a conversation, and each group member must give comments. The time allotment for each group is about 5 to 10 minutes.Made in China—cheap and inferior? Why few Chinese brands make it abroad? China is already the world's second-largest economy, but few Chinese companies have built globally recognized brands or succeeded in establishing their names overseas. Why can't Chinese brands make it to the global market?2、Would you help an injured stranger?Would you help an injured stranger? If you saw someone lying in the street in pain or bleeding, would you stop to help him? Or would you just walk by for fear of being scammed?3、Should Hong Kong limit mainland visitors?Should Hong Kong limit mainland visitors?Chief Executive CY Leung said he will speak with central government leaders about the possibility of limiting the number of tourists from the Chinese mainland in response to mounting complaints from Hong Kong residents over various inconveniences caused by the rising number of such visitors. Is it reasonable for the special administrative region to limit mainland visitors?4、Are English classes successful?Are English classes successful? According to the Ministry of Education, there were 300 million English learners in China in 2013. English is taught as compulsory course from primary school in China, but many still feel "deaf and dumb" after studying it for many years. What's the problem?5、Do reality TV shows do more good than harm? .Do reality TV shows do more good than harm?Reality TV shows have become hugely popular among Chinese audiences over the past few years. Some people think reality TV shows do more good than harm, but some don't buy this idea. What do you think about reality TV shows?6、Should Golden Week be scrapped?Should Golden Week be scrapped?With the week-long National Day holiday around the corner, hundreds of millions of tourists are expected to flood into popular scenic areas across the country, resulting in various problems, such as overcrowding and traffic congestion. Should China rethink its holiday arrangements to help alleviate the holiday crunch? What do you think about China's holiday system?应该取消黄金周吗?应该取消黄金周吗?随着长达一周的国庆假期在拐角处,数以亿计的游客预计洪水进入流行风景名胜区全国各地,导致各种问题,例如过度拥挤和交通挤塞。
英语四级口语考试试题样题
大学英语4口语测试方案
第一部分:小型演讲(Mini-speech)(50分):测试时间2到3分钟。
要求两名学生分别就以下题目进行小型演讲,每位同学演讲时间不超过1.5分钟:
1.No smoking
2.Globalization
3.Global warming
4.Water shortage
5.Cross-cultural communication
第二部分:生生对话(Conversation)(50分):两位同学共同的测试时间不超过3分钟。
4个对话题目,对话可以情景式、辩论式、访谈式等类型进行。
口语测试对话题目
1. A job interview
假设一人为面试官,一人为面试者,两人可能进行的交流对话。
2.Talking about traveling
假设两人为朋友,两人分别就旅行中发生的巧合的趣事进行交流。
3. Conversation between two strangers
假设两人去乘车,一人是中国人,另一人是外国人(可能是英国或美国人)等公交车或出租车的时候进行的对话。
4. Part-time job
假设一人为食客,另一人为餐厅服务员,两人可能进行的对话。
1。
英语四级口语考试问题及答题技巧(3)
英语四级口语考试问题及答题技巧(3)2016英语四级口语考试问题及答题技巧137. Could you describe the traditional architecture of your country?138. What role dose religion play in everyday life in your country?139. What would you regard as the most significant events in your country’s recent history?140. How aware do you think people are nowadays about environmental issues?141. Could you tell me why you chose to study at the university of ****?142. What role dose tourism play in your country’s economy?143. How serious is unemployment in your country?144. In your opinion, what are the most serious problems associated with modern life?145. What do you think have been the most important changes in your field over the past 5 years?146. What are you going to major in ?147. Are you going to do your own cooking when you are at university?148. Some local students feel that overseas students get preferential treatment. What is your opinion?149. Do you think you will be able to cope with the English-language demands of your intended program?150. What do you think are the main causes of road accidents?151. Do you think the government is doing enough to prevent road accidents?152. As there are more and more private cars, what do you think the government should do in order to encourage citizens to use public transport?153. How do you see yourself in ten years’ time?154. Have you ever thought to have your own business?155. What business do you hope to have?156. Do you know about any policies about opening a business abroad?157. What are your plans for your future?158. Why do you think there are more and more people leaving to immigrate to other countries?159. Is it good for China that so many people are going to other countries?160. Will your life change a lot after you immigrate to XXX?161. What will you do if you are ill abroad?162. Do you know what to do in case of emergency?163. What will do if you cannot find a job in XXX?164. Why do you want to immigrate to XXX?165. What will you do after the IELTS test?166. What will do if you fail the IELTS test?167. How long have you been learning English?168. What troubles you most at the moment?169. Does your family support your decision on going XXX?英语四级口语考试答题技巧介绍应对CET口语考试的四大妙招,以期帮助各位考生顺利过关。
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《大学英语(读写)》:授课单元部分段落及课后Understanding the text部分问题
Part III
个人话题陈述
考生经过准备后,依次对所给话题进行陈述
准备30秒
答题1分钟*2人
4分
课外
Part IV
小组互动
两位考生经过准备后,根据设定的情景和任务进行交谈
准备30秒
答题2分钟
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ8分
课外
Artificial Intelligence
1)what is it?
2) advantages and disadvantages
3) application
4) relation with our life
Culture Shock
1) what is it?
2) symptoms
3) how to cope with it?
三.小组互动话题(两位考生就给定话题设定的场景和相关参考词汇进行交谈)
Dialect
1) what is it?
2) relation to traditional culture
3) is it necessary to protect it?
Sharing economy in China
1) opportunities
说明:
一.课文朗读及回答问题部分:
单元
课文朗读部分
回答问题
(Understanding the text)
Unit1
Love and logic
第1,2,4段
Page 10
1. What is the deal between the narrator and his roommate, Rob? Why do they make the deal?
2. Why does the narrator want to have a beautiful and well-spoken girlfriend?
3. When the narrator and Polly have their first date, the narrator says that what he has got in mind is a little eccentric. Why?
Unit7
The coming energy crisis
第1,3,4段
Page 199
(增)Why did the demand for energy increase rapidly?
5.What point does the author want to illustrate by telling us the advantages and disadvantages of different renewable energy sources?
2016级《大学英语4》期末口语考试题型
口语考试采取随堂考的形式(2人/组),总分值20分。
部分
任务名称
任务描述
时间
分值
测试方向
Part I
自我介绍
考生依次作简短的自我介绍
答题20秒*2人
2分
课外
Part II
短文朗读及回答问题
考生经过准备后,依次朗读一段短文
准备30秒
朗读1分钟*2人
回答问题30秒*2人
2) challenges
3) broad prospects or doomed failure?
Energy Crisis
1) how energy-conscious are you
2) fossil fuels and renewable energy
3) how to cope with it?
二.个人话题陈述:
1.No cross, no crown.
2.Practice makes perfect.
3.In time of peace prepare for war.
4.Never judge by appearances.
5.Look before you leap; see before you go.
Unit5
Speaking Chinese inAmerica
第18, 20, 21, 22段
Page 132
5. How do the author’s parents speak Chinese differently from what Americans think of Chinese?
6. InPara21, the author mentions how an outside observer might view Chinese people by just listening to her mother speak. Why does she discuss this?
Unit3
Fred Smith and FedEx
第2,5,11段
Page70
4. What did Smith do in his term paper for his economics class? How was the paper evaluated by his professor?
7. What does Smith consider as the key elements for a successful business?