常用生物学专业英语词汇75032.docx
(完整版)生物学专业英语词汇
Botany植物学Cell theory细胞学说cell membrane细胞膜nucleus 细胞核Organelle 细胞器cell wall细胞壁cytoplasm细胞质protoplast原生质体cell cycle细胞周期mitochondrion 线粒体photosynthesis光合作用unit membrane 单位膜chloroplast 叶绿体chlorophyll叶绿素xanthophyll叶黄素carotene胡萝卜素golgiosome高尔基体ribosome 核糖体lysosome溶酶体microfilament微丝nuclear fission核分裂reproduction繁殖primary wall初生壁secondary wall次生壁plasmodesma胞间连丝mitosis有丝分裂amitosis无丝分裂meiosis减数分裂cytokinesis胞质分裂interphase间期prophase前期metaphase中期anaphase后期telophase末期tissue组织pistil 雌蕊stamen雄蕊ovary子房pollination传粉pollen tube花粉管porogamy珠孔受精chalazogamy合点受精mesogamy中部受精apomixis无融合生殖apogamy无配子生殖patrogenesis孤雄生殖parthenogensis 孤雌生殖apospory无孢子生殖pericarp果皮life history生活史root system根系main root主根lateral root侧根taproot system直根系fibrous root system须根系cortex皮层vascular cylinder 维管柱pericycle中柱鞘xylem ray 木射线vascular ray 维管射线phloem ray韧皮射线root cap根冠Casparian strip凯氏带primary xylem初生木质部primary phloem初生韧皮部vascular ray 维管射线xylem ray 木射线phelloderm栓内层phloem ray韧皮射线embryo胚homologous organ同源器官analogous organ同功器官endosperm胚乳seed coat种皮radicle胚根plumule胚芽hypocotyl下胚轴cotyledon子叶dormancy休眠seed germination种子萌发eukaryote真核生物prokaryote原核生物algae藻类blue-green algae蓝藻trichogyne受精丝mucopolysaccharide黏多糖gelatinous sheath 胶质鞘exospore外生孢子heterosexual cell异性细胞green algae绿藻isogamy同配生殖anisogamy 异配生殖anisogamy 卵式生殖zygogamy 接合生殖haploid单倍体diploid二倍体polyploid多倍体carposporophyte孢子体brown algae褐藻sea-tangle海带agar琼脂fungi菌类parasitism寄生saprophytic腐生的lichen地衣archegonium颈卵器antheridium精子器antiphyte孢子体gametophyte配子体protonema原丝体bryophyta 苔藓植物cruciferae十字花科vascular plants微管植物aquatic plant水生植物salicaceae杨柳科angiosperm被子植物endoplasmic reticulum内质网vegetative reproduction营养繁殖intercellular layer胞间层phellogen& cork cambium木栓形成层asexual reproduction无性繁殖sexual propagation有性繁殖tetradynamous stamen四强雄蕊didynamous stamen二强雄蕊monodelphous stamen单体雄蕊diadelphous stamen二体雄蕊triadelphous stamen三体雄蕊polyadelphous stamens多体雄蕊synantherous stamen聚药雄蕊primary wall cells初生壁细胞vegetative cell营养细胞male sterility雄性不育filiform apparatus丝状器meristem zone 分生区elongation zone伸长区maturation zone成熟区embryophyte有胚植物specific parasitism专性寄生specific saprophyte专性腐生facultative parasitism兼性寄生facultative saprophyte兼性腐生sexual generation有性世代asexual generation无性世代Zoology动物学cell细胞prokaryotic cell原核细胞eukaryotic cell真核细胞protein蛋白质nucleic acid核酸carbohydrate糖lipid脂质protoplasm原生质inclusion内含物cell cycle细胞周期pulmonary alveolus肺泡flagellum鞭毛food vacuole食物泡pinocytosis胞饮作用fission裂体生殖microgamete小配子zygote合子microtubule微管contraction silk 收缩丝merogenesis 卵裂blastocoele 囊胚腔complete cleavage完全卵裂layering分层cynapse突触myoneme肌丝myocyte肌细胞mesoglea中胶层monoecism雌雄同体dioecism雌雄异体velum缘膜radial symmetry辐射对称nerve net神经网planula 浮浪幼虫bilateral symmetry两侧对称mesoderm中胚层tubule cell 管细胞osmoregulation渗透调节acetabulum 腹吸盘oral sucker口吸盘metacercaria囊蚴pseudocoel假体腔cuticle角质膜cloacal pore泄殖孔renette腺肾细emunctory排泄管resting egg休眠卵metamere体节metamerism分节现象sense organ 感觉器periostracum壳皮层prismatic layer壳层nacreous layer珍珠层veliger 面盘幼虫glochidium 钩介幼虫adductor闭壳肌segmentation异律分节linear animal线形动物pericardial cavity围心腔cervical vertebra颈椎sacral vertebra荐椎pulmonary vein肺静脉precaval vein 前腔静脉bladder气囊middle ear中耳tympanum cavity中耳腔amnion羊膜neopallium新皮层lagena 瓶状囊wishbone叉骨postcaval vein后腔静脉glandular stomach腺胃air sac气囊salt gland盐腺sclerotic ring 巩膜骨viviparity胎生placenta胎盘allantois尿囊rumen瘤胃bursa of fabricius 腔上囊masticatory stomach肌胃reticulum网胃omasum瓣胃abomasum皱胃cochlea耳蜗earthworm蚯蚓internal naris内鼻孔amniota羊膜动物arthropod节肢动物coelenterate腔肠动物annelid环节动物cell membrane&plasma membrane细胞膜epithelial tissue上皮组织connective tissue结缔组织cartilage tissue软骨组织osseous tissue骨组织muscular tissue肌肉组织cardiac muscle心肌intercalated disc闰盘Nissl's body尼氏小体colony &group群体meroblastic cleavage不完全卵裂colonial theory 群体说gastrovascular cavity消化循环腔muscle system肌肉体系excretory system排泄系统reproductive system生殖系统digestive system消化系统archinephric duct原肾管basal lamina & basal membrane基膜cross-fertilization异体受精self-fertilization自体受精final host终寄主first intermidate host第一中间寄主semicircular canal半规管second intermediate host第二中间寄主Genetics遗传学heredity 遗传variation 变异gene 基因pisum sativum 豌豆segregation 分离gamete 生殖细胞zygote 合子allele 等位基因genotype 基因型phenotype 表现型test cross 测交oryza sativa 水稻diploid 二倍体haploid 单倍体centromere 着丝粒satellite 随体linker 连丝mitosis 有丝分裂mesoblast中胚层spindle 纺锤体interphase 间期spindle fiber 纺锤丝vicia faba蚕豆nucleoplasm 核质spermatogenous 精原细胞oogonium 卵原细胞spermatid 精细胞Phenocopy 拟表型epistasis上位效应mutant突变型gametic lethal配子致死zygotic lethal合子致死autosome 常染色体dominant lethal显性致死carrier 携带者homozygote 纯合体heterozygote 杂合体genotype 基因型phenotype 表现型linkage group 连锁群interference 干涉coincidence 并发率genetic map 遗传学图wild type野生型mutation 突变heterokaryon 异核体auxotroph 营养缺陷型strain 菌株recipient 受体donor 供体fragment 片段induction 诱导prophage 原噬菌体transduction 转导Mendel’s laws 孟德尔定律law of segregation 分离定律first filial generation 子一代parental generation 亲代dominant character 显性性状recessive character 隐性性状hereditary determinant 遗传因子parental combination 亲组合recombination 重组合punnett square 棋盘法Mendelian character 孟德尔性状primary constriction 初级缢痕secondary constriction 次级缢痕nucleolar organizer 核仁形成区first polar body 第一极体second polar body 第二极体sister chromatids 姐妹染色单体female gametic nucleus 卵核multiple alleles 复等位基因sex-chromosome性染色体sex-linked inheritance 伴性遗传primary constriction 初级缢痕secondary constriction 次级缢痕complementary gene互补基因homologous chromosome 同源染色体sister chromatids 姐妹染色单体secondary oocyte 次级卵母细胞three-point testcross 三点测交primary spermatocyte 初级精母细胞secondary spermatocyte 次级精母细胞first division segregation 第一次分裂分离second division segregation 第二次分裂分离law of independent assortment 自由组合定律Biochemistry 生物化学essential element必需元素trace elements微量元素proteoglycan蛋白聚糖amino acid氨基酸primary structure 一级结构random coil无规卷曲structural domain 结构域subunit亚基degeneration变性adenine腺嘌呤guanine鸟嘌呤cytosine胞嘧啶thymine胸腺嘧啶uracil尿嘧啶nucleoside 核苷nucleotide核苷酸base pairing碱基配对base pair碱基对数base碱基数gyrase旋转酶nucleosome核小体complementary DNA互补DNA plasmid质粒transposons转座子repetitive sequence重复序列exon外显子intron内含子variable loop可变环ribonuclease核糖核酸酶renaturation复性hyperchromic effect增色效应base stacking force碱基堆积力annealing退火melting-out temperature熔解温度hypochromic effect减色效应maltose麦芽糖sucrose蔗糖lactose乳糖starch淀粉glycogen糖原cellulose纤维素cellulase纤维素酶selectivity选择性substrate底物holoenzyme全酶cofactor辅因子coenzyme辅酶oxidase氧化酶metabolism新陈代谢assimilation同化作用catabolism异化作用metabolite代谢产物biological oxidation 生物氧化cytochrome细胞色素rotenone鱼藤酮amytal阿密妥antimycin A抗霉素A cyanide氰化物glycolysis糖酵解ethanol乙醇citrate柠檬酸cis-aconitate 顺乌头酸succinic acid琥珀酸oxaloacetic acid草酰乙酸acetyl-coenzyme乙酰辅酶fumarate延胡索酸glyoxylate cycle 乙醛酸循环malate苹果酸fatty acid 脂肪酸carbon unit一碳单位replicon复制子core enzyme 核心酶primosome引发体Okazaki fragment冈崎片段leading chain 前导链lagging strand后随链terminator终止子telomere端粒telomerase端粒酶replication fork复制叉vector载体promoter启动子terminator终止子operon操纵子codon密码子degeneracy简并性hormone激素citric acid cycle 柠檬酸循环deamination脱氨基作用urea cycle尿素循环euchromatin常染色质messenger RNA信使RNAtransfer RNA转移RNA ribosome RNA核糖体RNA metabolic regulation代谢调节feedback regulation反馈调节structural gene结构基因promoter gene启动基因operator gene操纵基因regulator gene调节基因termination factor终止因子triplet code三联体密码initiator codon起始密码termination codon终止密码semiconservative replication半保留复制ornithine cycle鸟氨酸循环ketogenic amino acid生酮氨基酸glucogenic amino acid生糖氨基酸oxidative deamination氧化脱氨作用transamination转氨基作用reverse transcription逆转录decarboxylation脱羧作用semidiscontinuous replication半不连续复制reverse transcriptase 逆转录酶missense mutation错义突变synonymous mutation同义突变neutral mutation中性突变nonsense mutation无义突变phosphatidic acid 磷脂酸essential amino acids 必需氨基酸dihydrouracil loop二氢尿嘧啶环anticodon loop反密码子环double-strand circular DNA 双链环形DNA superhelical DNA 超螺旋DNA open circular DNA 开环DNA linear DNA 线形DNAbase stacking force 碱基堆积力secondary structure二级结构super-secondary structure超二级结构tertiary structure三级结构quaternary structure四级结构negative supercoil DNA负超螺旋DNA positive supercoil DNA正超螺旋DNAGlyceraldehyde-3-phosphate甘油醛-3-二磷酸glucogenic and ketogenic amino acid生糖兼生酮氨基酸restriction endonuclease限制性内切酶polymerase chain reaction聚合酶链反应Microbiology微生物学living creatures 生物culture medium 培养基lawn菌苔culture plate 培养平板bacteria 细菌archaea 古生菌eukaryote真核生物prokaryote 原核生物protozoan 原生动物hypha 菌丝mycoplasma 支原体yeast 酵母菌plasmolysis 质壁分离Escherichia Coli大肠杆菌murein胞壁质peptidoglycan 肽聚糖mucopeptide黏肽outer membrane外膜chromosome染色体nucleolus 核仁nucleoid 拟核chromatin 染色质centromere 着丝粒telomere 端粒protoplast 原生质体mycoplasma 支原体glycoprotein 糖蛋白mesosome 间体cytoplasm细胞质megnetosome磁小体nucleoid拟核glycocalyx 糖被capsule 荚膜flagellum 鞭毛lysosome 溶酶体chloroplast 叶绿体thylakoid类囊体inorganic salt 无机盐peptone 蛋白胨sulfur bacteria 硫细菌beef extract牛肉膏vitamin 维生素inclusion body 内含物lithotroph 无机营养型medium 培养基agar 琼脂organotroph 有机营养型antiport 逆向运输active transport 主动运输pinocytosis 胞饮作用catabolism 分解代谢passive transport 被动运输uniport 单向运输anabolism 合成代谢fermentation发酵batch culture 分批培养log phase 对数生长期stationary phase 稳定生长期lag phase 迟缓期decline phase衰亡期aerobe 好氧菌antibiotic 抗生素antigenome 反基因组transformation 转化genome 基因组plasmid 质粒transforming factor 转化因子diploid 二倍体haploid 单倍体transposable element 转座因子conjugation接合作用transposon转座子phenotype 表型genotype基因型auxotroph营养缺陷型wild-type野生型transition 转换transversion 颠换spontaneous mutation 自发突变reverse mutation 回复突变sexduction 性导transduction 转导promoter 启动子operon 操纵子recombination repair 重组修复repressor 阻遏蛋白corepressor辅阻遏物clone 克隆denaturation 变性annealing 退火extension 延伸cloning vector 克隆载体replicon 复制子telomere 端粒cohesive end 黏性末端promoter 启动子terminator 终止子gene therapy 基因治疗phylogeny 系统发育ammonification 氨化作用nitrification 硝化作用denitrification 反硝化作用expression vector 表达载体aerobic respiration有氧呼吸anaerobic respiration无氧呼吸origin of replication 复制起始点incompatibility 不亲和性gene mutation 基因突变synonymous mutation 同义突变chromosomal aberration 染色体畸变missense mutation 错义突变frame-shift mutation 移码突变lactose operon 乳糖操纵子negative transcription control 负转录调控tryptophan operon 色氨酸操纵子cytoplasmic inheritance 细胞质遗传genetic engineering 基因工程recombinant DNA technology 重组DNA技术palindromic structure 回文结构spread plate method 涂布平板法pour plate method 倾注培养法streak plate method 平板划线法shake tube method 稀释摇管法continuous culture 连续培养。
最全的生物学专业相关词汇
AAbdomen 腹〔部〕Abdominal cavity腹腔Abdominal muscle 腹肌Abiotic(1)非生物的﹐(2) 无生命的Abscess 脓肿Absolute alcohol 无水酒精Absorption 吸收作用Acmodation调整作用Acetic acid 醋酸Acetic alcohol醋酸酒精Aceto-orcein 醋酸地衣红Acetylcholine乙醯胆碱Acid rain 酸雨Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)后天免疫力缺乏症(艾滋病)Acquired immunity获得免疫﹔后天免疫Acromegaly 肢端巨大症Acrosome 顶体Actinomycete 放菌Activated sludge method 活性污(淤)泥处理法Active immunity 自动免疫Active site 活性部位Active transport主动运输Adaptation 适应Addiction 瘾Adenine腺嘌呤Adenosine diphosphate (ADP) 腺〔嘌呤核〕二磷酸﹔二磷酸腺Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) 腺〔嘌呤核〕三磷酸﹔三磷酸腺Adipose tissue脂肪组织Adolescense青年期Adrenal cortex肾上腺皮质Adrenal gland肾上腺Adrenal medulla 肾上腺髓质Adrenaline肾上腺素Adulthood 成年期Aedes 伊蚊属Aeration tank曝气池Aerobe 需氧生物Aerobic respiration需氧呼吸Affective psychosis情感性精神病Afferent arteriole输入小动脉Afforestation造林Aflatoxin 黄曲霉素Afterbirth 胎盘胎膜Agar 琼脂Agar plate 琼脂平面Aging 衰老Agglutination凝集作用Agglutinin 凝集素Agglutinogen 凝集原Agranulocyte无粒白细胞﹔无粒白血球Aggression攻击性行为Ailment疾病Air pollution 空气染污Albinism白化Albumen蛋白Albumin白蛋白Alcohol 醇﹔酒精Alcohol dependence 酒Alcoholic 酗酒者Alcoholic fermentation酒精发酵Alcoholic posioning 醇中毒﹔酒精中毒Alcoholism (1) 酗酒﹐(2) 醇中毒﹔酒精中毒Alga 藻Alimentary canal 消化道﹔消化管Allele等位基因Allergy 过敏反应Alveolus肺泡Amino acid 胺基酸﹔氨基酸Amino group 胺基﹔氨基Ammonia 氨Ammonification 氨化作用Ammonifying bacteria 氨化细菌Amnesia 记忆缺失﹔遗忘〔症〕Amnion羊膜Amniotic cavity 羊膜腔Amniotic fluid羊水Amniotic sac 羊膜囊Amoeba变形虫Amoebic dysentery 变形虫性痢疾﹔阿米巴痢疾Amoeboid movement 变形运动Amphetamine安非他明Amphibian两栖动物Ampicillin氨青霉(霉)素Ampulla壶腹Amylase淀粉Anabolism组成代谢Anaemia贫血Anaerobe 厌氧生物Anaerobic缺氧的Anaerobic respiration 缺氧呼吸Anaesthesia 麻醉法Anaesthetic 麻醉剂Analgesic 镇痛剂Androgen 雄激素Angina 绞痛Animal husbandry 畜牧〔业〕Ankle 踝Anopheles 按蚊属Anorexia nervosa 厌食Antagonistic muscle拮抗肌Anterior pituitary 脑垂体前叶Anterior vena cava前腔大静脉Anthrax 炭疽Anthropoid 类人猿Antibiotic 抗生素﹔抗菌素Antibiotic disc 抗生素片Antibody 抗体Anticoagulant抗凝血剂Anti-depressant 抗抑郁药Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) 抗利尿激素Antigen 抗原Antihistamine 抗组胺药Antioxidant 抗氧化剂Antiperspirant 止汗药Antipsychotic drug 精神抑制药Antiseptic 防腐剂Antisocial act 反社会性行为Antitoxin 抗毒素Anxiety 焦虑Anus 肛门Aorta 大动脉Ape 人猿Appendicitis阑尾炎Appendicular skeleton 附肢骨骼Appendix 阑尾Aquaculture水产养殖Aqueous humour 水状液Arrector pili 竖毛肌Arterial pressure 动脉血压Arterial system 动脉系统Arteriole 小动脉Arteriosclerosis 动脉硬化Artery 动脉Arthritis关节炎Articular capsule 关节囊Articular cartilage 关节软骨Artificial respiration 人工呼吸Asbestos 石棉Asbestosis石棉沉着病Ascariasis 蛔虫病Ascaris 蛔虫Ascaris lumbricoides 人蛔虫Ascorbate 抗坏血酸盐Ascorbic acid抗坏血酸Asepsis 无菌法Aseptic technique 无菌技术Aspirin 阿司匹林Assimilation同化作用Association area 联合区Association neurone 联合神经元Asthma气喘﹔哮喘Astigmatism散光Atheroma, atherosclerosis 动脉粥样硬化Athlete's foot 脚癣Atlas 寰椎Atrial systole心房收缩期Atrioventricular node房室结Atrioventricular valve房室瓣Atrium心房Atrophy 萎缩Attenuation 减毒作用Auditory canal 听道Auditory nerve 听神经Auditory ossicle听小骨Aureomycin 金霉(霉)索Auricle心耳Australoid 棕种；澳大利亚人种Autoclave高压灭菌器；消毒蒸锅Autolysis 自主溶解Autonomic nervous system自主神经系统Autosome 常染色体；体染色体Autotroph自养生物Autotrophic nutrition自养营养Axial sketelon 中轴骨骼Axis 枢椎Axon 轴突Azobacter 定氮菌BBaboon 狒狒Bacillus 杆菌Bacillus anthracis 炭疽杆菌Bacillus megatherium巨大芽胞杆菌Bacillus subtilus 枯草杆菌Bacillus typhosus 伤寒沙门杆菌Backbone 柱Background radiation 本底辐射Bactericidal 杀菌的Bactericide杀〔细〕菌剂Bacterium 细菌Balance of nature 自然平衡Balanced diet 均衡膳食Ball and socket joint 球窝关节Barbiturate 巴比妥盐Barnacle藤壶Barrier method 屏障法Basal metabolic rate (BMR) 基础代谢率Basal metabolism基础代谢Base pair 碱基对Base sequence 碱基顺序Basement membrane 基底膜Basilar membrane 基膜B.C.G. (Bacille Calmette-Guerin) vaccine 卡介苗Beaker 烧杯Beef extract 牛肉汁Bell jar 钟形罩Benedict's solution 本立德溶液Benedict's test本立德试验Beri beri脚气病Bicarbonate indicator 重碳酸盐指示剂Biceps二头肌Bicuspid valve二尖瓣Bile 胆汁Bile duct 胆管Bile pigment 胆色素Bile salt 胆盐Bilirubin 胆红素Biliverdin 胆绿素Binary fission二分体分裂Binocular vision 双眼视觉Binomial nomenclature双名法Binomial system 双名法Biochemical 生化的Biochemical oxygen demand (B.O.D) 生化需氧量Biocide 杀生物剂Biodegradable生物可降解的Biological control 生物防治Biological fitler method 生物过滤法Biological indicator 生物指示者Biomass 生物量Biome生物群落Biosphere 生物圈Biosynthesis生物合成Biotic (1)生物的﹐(2)有生命的Biotic munity 生物群落Bird 鸟Birth 分娩Birth control 控制生育﹔节育Biuret test二缩试验Bladder (1)囊﹐(2)膀胱Bladderworm 囊尾幼虫Blind spot 盲点Blinking reflex 瞬目反应Blood 血〔液〕Blood alcohol concentration (BAC) 血酒精浓度Blood capillary 微血管Blood cell 血细胞Blood circulation 血液循环Blood clot 血凝块Blood clotting 凝血作用Blood group 血型Blood pressure 血压Blood sinus血窦Blood smear 血涂片Blood stream 血流Blood sugar 血糖Blood transfusion输血Blood vessel 血管Blue asbestos 青石棉Body 躯体Body cavity 体腔Body fluid 体液Trunk 躯干Body tube 镜筒Boil 疖Boiling tube 大试管Bolus 食团Bone 骨Bone marrow 骨髓Bone tissue 骨组织Bony labyrinth骨迷路Booster 加强剂Bordetella pertussis百日咳杆菌Botulism 肉毒中毒Bowman 's capsule鲍〔曼〕氏囊﹔肾小球囊Brachial artery 肱动脉Brain 脑Breast bone 胸骨Breathing 呼吸Breathing rate 呼吸率Breeding 育种Bristle 刚毛Broad spectrum antibiotics 广谱抗生素Bromothymol blue溴百里香酚蓝Bronchiole 小支气管Bronchitis支气管炎Bronchus 支气管Broth 液体培养基Bubonic plague 黑死病Buccal cavity 口腔Buffer 缓冲剂BugBulbourethral gland 尿道球腺Bulimia nerovsa贪食﹔食欲过盛Bunsen burner 本生灯CCaddisfly石蛾Caddisfly larva 石蚕Caecum盲肠Caesarian section剖腹取子术Caffeine咖啡因Calciferol (vitamin D)化醇Calcification 化作用Calcium carbonate 碳酸Calculus 齿石Calf muscle 小腿肌肉Calorie卡〔路里〕Calorific value 热值﹔卡值Calorimeter 量热器Cancer 癌Cancerous cell癌细胞Candiada 念珠菌属Candiada albicans 白色念珠菌Canine犬齿Cannabis 大麻Cannabis sativa 大麻Canopy (1)树冠﹐(2)冠层Capillary 微血管Capillary bed 微血管床Capillary network 微血管网Capillary tube 毛细管Capsular ligament囊状带Caramel 焦糖Carbaminohaemoglobin碳胺血红蛋白﹔碳胺血红素Carbohaemoglobin 碳酸血红蛋白﹔碳酸血红素Carbohydrase 碳水化合物Carbohydrate 碳水化合物Carbon cycle 碳循环Carbon dioxide 二氧化碳Carbon monoxide 一氧化碳Carbon monoxide haemoglobin 一氧化碳血红蛋白﹔一氧化碳血红素Carbonic anhydrase 碳酸Carboxyhaemoglobin 碳氧血红蛋白﹔碳氧血红素Carcinogen致癌物Carcinoma癌Cardiac cycle 心搏周期Cardia muscle 心〔脏〕肌Cardiac output 心输出量Cardiac sphincter贲门括约肌Cardiac volume 心容量Cardiovascular disease 心血管疾病Carnivore食肉生物Carotene 胡萝卜素Carotid artery 颈动脉Carpal 腕骨Cartilage 软骨Casein 酪蛋白Casualty急症室Catabolism分解代谢Catalase 过氧化氢Catalyst 催化剂Cataract白内障Caucasoid 白种﹔高加索人种Caudal vertebra 尾椎Cavity 腔Cell 细胞Cell body 〔细〕胞体Cell division 细胞分裂Cell membrane 细胞膜Cell sap 细胞液Cell theory 细胞学说Cell wall 细胞璧Cellular respiration 细胞呼吸〔作用〕Cellulase 纤维素Cellulose 纤维素Cement 牙骨质﹔白垩质Cementum 牙骨质Centipede 蜈蚣﹔百足Central canal 中心管Central dogma 中心法则Central nervous system 中枢神经系统Centrifuge离心机Centriole中心粒Centromere丝点Centrum 椎体Ceramic wire gauze 陶瓷铁丝网Cerebellum小脑Cerebral cortex大脑皮层Cerebral hemisphere 大脑半球Cerebral thrombosis脑血栓形成Cerebral ventricle 脑室Cerebrospinal fluid脑髓液Cerebrum大脑Cerumen 聍﹔耳垢Ceruminous gland 聍腺Cervical vertebra颈椎Cervix(1)颈﹐(2)子宫颈Chancre 下疳Character (1)性状﹐(2)特征Cheek cell 颊上皮细胞Chemoreceptor化学感受器Chemotherapy 化学疗法Chiasma 交叉Chickenpox 水痘Child birth 分娩Childhood 儿童期Chimpanzee 黑猩猩Chinese liver fluke 中华肝吸虫Chloramphenicol 氯霉(霉)素Chlorination 加氯消毒法Chloroform氯仿Chlorophyll叶绿素Chloroplast叶绿体Choking 气哽﹔气阻Cholera霍乱Cholesterol胆固醇Chordae tendineae腱索Chorion 绒〔毛〕膜Choroid脉胳膜Chorionic villi绒毛膜绒毛Chromatid 染色单体Chromatin 染色质Chromomere 染色粒Chromonema 染色丝Chromosomal aberration染色体畸变Chromosomal duplication染色体复制Chromosome 染色体Chromosome number染色体数GGalactose 半乳糖Gall bladder 胆囊Gamete 配子Gametogenesis 配子形成Ganglion 神经节Gas cylinder 气体钢筒Gaseous exchange 气体交换Gastric gland 胃腺Gastric juice 胃液Gastrin 促胃液素Gastrointestinal tract 胃肠管Gel 凝胶Gelatin 明胶Gelatinous plate 胶质块Gene 基因Gene mutation 基因突变Gene segregation 基因分离General practitioner (GP) 普通科医生Generation 〔世〕代Genetic carrier 遗传载体Genetic code 遗传密码Genetic material 遗传物质Genetics 遗传学Genital herpes 生殖器疹Genital organ 生殖器Genital warts 生殖器疣Genotype 基因型Genus 属Germ 病菌German measles (Rubella) 德国痲疹,〔病毒性〕风疹Germinative layer 生发层Gestation period 妊娠期Gibbon 长臂猿Gigantism 巨人症Gingiva 龈Gingivitis 龈炎Girdle 带Glacial acetic acid 无水醋酸Gland 腺Glandular cell 腺细胞Glans penis 阴茎头Glass rod 玻璃棒Glass tubing 玻璃管Glenoid 肩臼Gliding joint 滑动关节Globulin 球蛋白Glomerular filtrate 肾小球滤液Glomerulus 肾小球Glottis 声门Glucagon 高血糖素Glucose 葡萄糖Glyceride 甘油酯Glycerine 甘油Glycerol 甘油糖原Glycogen 糖原Glycolysis 糖酵解Goblet cell 杯状细胞Goitre 甲状腺肿Golgi body 高尔基体Gonad 生殖腺,性腺Gonadotrophin 促性腺激素Gonococcus 淋球菌Gonorrhoea 淋病Gorilla 大猩猩Graafian follicle 囊状卵泡Granular layer 〔颗〕粒层Granulocyte 颗粒白〔血〕细胞,颗粒白血球Grassland habitat 草原生境Green revolution 绿色革命Greenhouse effect 温室效应Grey matter 灰质Grid 格子Griseofulvin 灰黄霉(霉) 素Grit chamber/tank 砂砾池Growth 生长Growth hormone (GH) 生长激素Growth spurt 速长期Guanine 鸟〔粪〕嘌呤Gum 齿龈Gum disease 齿龈病Gynecology 妇科HHabitat 生境Habituation 习惯形成,成瘾Haemoglobin 血红蛋白,血红素Haemolysis 溶血作用Haemophilia 血友病Haemorrhage 出血Hair 毛〔发〕Hair cell 毛细胞Hair follicle 毛囊Hair papilla 毛乳头Hair plexus 毛丛Hair shaft 毛干Hallucination 幻觉Hallucinogen 致幻剂Hand lens 放大镜Haploid 单倍体Hard palate 硬腭Haversian canal 哈〔弗〕氏管Hay fever 枯草热,花粉病Head 头Hearing 听〔觉〕Heart 心〔脏〕Heart cycle 心搏周期Heart failure 心力衰竭Heart muscle 心〔脏〕肌Heart sound 心音Heartbeat 心搏Heartbeat rate 心搏率Heat cramp 热痉挛Heat receptor 热觉感受器Heat stroke 中暑Hematocrit 血细胞比容﹔血细胞容量计Heparin 肝素Hepatic artery 肝动脉Hepatic portal vein 肝门静脉Hepatic vein 肝静脉Hepatitis 肝炎Herb 草本植物Herbicide 除莠剂﹔除草剂Herbivore 草食性动物Hereditary disease 遗传〔性疾〕病Hereditary 遗传Hermaphrodite 雌雄同体Hermit crab 借居蟹Heroin 海洛因Herpes 疹Heterotroph 异养生物Heterotrophic nutrition 异养营养Heterozygote 杂合子Heterozygous 杂合的High power objective 高倍〔接〕物镜Hind brain 后脑Hinge joint 铰链关节Hip girdle 腰带Hip joint 髋关节Histamine 组〔织〕胺Historgram 直方图Histology 组织学Homeostasis 体内平衡Homeostatic mechanism 体内平衡机制Hominoid 人科Homo sapiens 智人Homoiotherm 恒温动物Homoiothermy 恒温Homologous chromosomes 同源染色体Homozygote 纯合子Homozygous 纯合的HookHormonal coordination 激素协调Hormone 激素Host 寄主Human growth curve 人类生长曲Human species 人种Human torso 人体躯干模型Humerus 肱骨,上膊骨Humus 腐殖质Humus tank 腐殖质池Hyaline cartilage 透明软骨Hydrilla 黑藻Hydrocarbon 碳氢化合物Hydrochloric acid 盐酸Hydrogencarbonate indicator 碳酸氢盐指示剂Hydrogen peroxide 过氧化氢Hydrogen sulphide 硫化氢Hydrolysis 水解作用Hymen 处女膜Hypermetropia (longsight) 远视Hypertension 高血压Hypertonic solution 高渗溶液Hyperventilation 过度换气Hypha 菌丝Hypnotic 催眠药Hypochondria 疑病(症)Hypodermal injection 皮下注射Hypothalaums 下丘脑Hypothermia 低温Hypothesis 假说Hypotonic solution 低渗溶液Hysteria 病,歇斯底里IIce bath 冰浴Ileum 回肠Iliac artery 髂骨动物,肠骨动脉Ilium 髂骨,肠骨Immovable joint 不动关节Immune response 免疫反应Immunity 免疫〔性〕Immunization 免疫接种作用﹔免疫法Immunization programme 免疫计划Implantation 植入Impulse 脉冲Incisor 门齿,切齿Inclusion 内含体Inplete dominance 不完全显性Incubation period 潜伏期Incubator 恒温箱Incus 砧骨Indigestion 消化不良Individual 个体Infancy 婴儿期Infection 传染Infectious disease 传染病Inferior vena cava 下腔大静脉Inflammation 炎〔症〕Inflammatory response 炎性反应Influenza 流行性感冒Ingestion 摄食Inhalation 吸气Inheritance 遗传Injection 注射Inner ear 内耳Inoculating loop 接种环Inoculating needle 接种针Inoculation 接种Insect 昆虫Insecticide 杀虫剂Insemination 授精Insertion, tendon 肌止Inspiration 吸气Insulin 胰岛素Integration 整合作用Intelligence quotient (IQ) 智商Intercostal muscle 肋间肌Interferon 干扰素Internal fertilization 体内受精Internal respiration 内呼吸Interneurone 中间神经元Interstitial cell 间质细胞Intertidal zone 潮间带Intervertebral disc 椎间盘Intestinal gland 肠腺Intestinal juice 肠液Intestine 肠Intoxication 中毒Intracellular 细胞内的Intracellular enzyme 细胞内Intracellular fluid 〔细〕胞内液Intra-uterine device (IUD) 子宫环Intravenous injection 静注射Invertebrate 无椎动物Involuntary 不随意的Involuntary muscle 不随意肌Iodine 碘Iodine solution 碘液Iodine test 碘液试验Iris 虹膜Iris diaphragm 虹膜式光栏Irritability 感应性Irritant 刺激物Ischium 坐骨Inshihara test 石原氏视力试验Islets of Langerhans 胰岛Isotonic 等渗的Isotonic solution 等渗溶液JJar 瓶Jaw 颚Jejunum 空肠Joint 关节Joint capsule 关节囊Joule (J) 焦耳Jugular vein 颈静脉KKaposis sara 卡波济肉瘤Karyotype 核型图Katabolism 分解代谢Keratin 角蛋白Key 检索表Kidney 肾〔脏〕Kidney tubule 肾小管Kilojoule (KJ) 千焦耳Kingdom 界Knee 膝Knee cap 膝盖Knee jerk reflex 膝跃反射Knee joint 膝关节Krause end bulb 球状终球Kwashiorkor 加西卡,蛋白缺乏病Kymograph转筒记录器LLabel 标记,标签Labium 唇Labour 分娩Lachrymal duct 泪管Lachrymal gland 泪腺Lactase 乳糖Lactation 泌乳作用Lacteal 乳糜管Lactic acid 乳酸Lactobacillus acidophilus 嗜乳酸杆菌Lactose 乳糖Lancet 刺血针Large intestine 大肠Larva 幼虫Larynx 喉Leaching 淋溶Lead acetate paper 醋酸铅试纸Lecithin 卵磷脂Leech 蚂蟥Leguminous plant豆科植物Lemur 狐猴Lens 晶〔状〕体Leprosy 麻疯Lesion 损害,病损Leucocyte 白细胞,白血球Leukaemia 白血病Level of organization 组织层次Librium 利眠宁Lice 虱Lichen 地衣Life cycle 生命史,生命周期Life history 生命史,生命周期Ligament 韧带Limb 肢Limb bone 肢骨Limb water 石灰水LimpetLinkage 连锁Lipase 脂〔肪〕Lipid 脂类Liver 肝〔脏〕Liver fluke 肝吸虫,肝蛭Liverwort 苔Living organism 生命有机体Living system 生命系统Lochia 产褥排泄﹔恶露"Llock and key" hypothesis 锁钥假说Locus 位点Long bone 长骨Longitudinal muscle 纵肌Longitudinal section 纵切面Long sight 远视Loop of Henle 亨利氏套Low power objective 低倍〔接〕物镜Lower jaw 下颚Lower limb 下肢Lower limb bone 下肢骨LSD (lysergic acid diethylamine) 二乙麦角胺Lumbar vertebra 腰椎Lumen 腔Lung 肺〔脏〕Luteinizing hormone (LH) 促黄体素Lymph 淋巴Lymph capillary 淋巴微管Lymph circulation 淋巴循环Lymph duct 淋巴管Lymph flow 淋巴流Lymph gland 淋巴腺Lymph node 淋巴结Lymph vessel 淋巴管Lymphatic 淋巴的Lymphatic system 淋巴系统Lymphatic valve 淋巴管瓣Lymphocyte 淋巴细胞,淋巴球Lymphoid tissue 淋巴组织Lysin 〔细胞〕溶素Lysozyme 溶菌MMac Conkey agar plate 麦康基氏琼脂平面Macrophage 巨噬细胞Maggot 蛆Malaria 疟疾Male 男性Malignant tumour 恶性肿瘤Malleus 锤骨Malnutrition 营养不良Malpighian corpuscle 马〔尔皮基〕氏球Malpighian layer 马〔尔皮基〕氏层Maltase 麦芽糖Maltose 麦芽糖Mammal 哺乳动物Mammary gland 乳腺Mania 躁狂Manometer 液体压强计Mantoux test 结核菌素皮内试验Marasmus 消瘦Marijuana 大麻Marrow (1) 髓,(2) 骨髓Maternal care 孕妇保健Matrix 基质Maturation 成熟Maturity (1) 成熟,(2) 成熟度Measles 麻疹Mayfly nymph 蜉蝣若虫Measuring cylinder 量筒Mechanism 机制﹔机理Medical ward 内科病房Medium (1) 培养基(2) 介质Medulla 髓〔质〕Medulla oblongata 延脑,延髓Medullated nerve fibre 有髓鞘神经纤维Meiosis 减数分裂Meissner corpuscle 梅〔斯纳〕氏小体Melanin 黑色素Melanocyte 黑素细胞Membranous labyrinth 膜迷路Meninx 脑膜Meninges 脑膜Meningitis 脑膜炎Menopause 绝经Menstrual cycle 月经周期Menstruation, menses 月经Mental derangement 精神错乱Mental health 心理健康Mental illness 精神病Mental retardation 弱智Mercury 汞Mercury poisoning 汞中毒Mesenteric artery 肠系膜动脉Mesentery 肠系膜Messenger RNA 信使核糖核酸Metabolic activity 代谢活动Metabolic disorder 代谢失调Metabolism 代谢作用Metabolite 代谢物Metacarpal 掌骨Metaphosphoric acid 偏磷酸Metaphysis 干端Metatarsal 跖骨Methadone 美沙酮Methylene blue 亚甲蓝Methy-red 甲基红Microbe 微生物Microorganism 微生物Microprojector 显微投影器Microscope 显微镜Microvillus 微绒毛Micturition 排尿Midbrain 中脑Middle ear 中耳Midlife 中年期Milk dentition 乳齿〔齿〕系Milk teeth 乳齿Millipede 马陆,千足虫Minamata disease 水病Mineral 矿物质MiteMitochondrion 粒体Mitosis 有丝分裂Mitral valve 僧帽瓣Molar 臼齿Mongoloid 黄种,蒙古人种Monkey 猴Monoculture 单种裁培Monocyte 单核白〔血〕细胞,单核白血球Monoglyceride 甘油酯Monohybrid 单基因杂种Monoploid 单倍体Monosaccharide 单糖Monosodium glutamate 麦夫胺酸钠,谷氨酸钠Mood altering drug 改变情绪药物Morphine 吗啡Morphology 形态学Mortar and pestle 研钵及研杵Moss 藓Motor ability 动作能力Motor area 运动区Motor end plate 运动终板Motor nerve 运动神经Motor nerve ending 运动神经末梢Motor nerve fibre 运动神经纤维Motor neurone 运动神经元Mould 霉〔菌〕,霉〔菌〕Mounting needle 装片针Mouth cavity 口腔Movable joint 活动关节Movement 运动Mucosa 黏膜Mucothermic method 基〔层体〕温避孕法Mucous membrane 黏膜Mucus 黏液Multicellular 多细胞的Multiple allele 复等位基因Mumps 流行性腮腺炎Muscle 肌〔肉〕Muscle bundle 肌束Muscle cell 肌细胞Muscle contraction 肌肉收缩Muscle fibre 肌纤维Muscle tone 肌紧张Musclar layer 肌肉层Musclar system 肌肉系统Mushroom 菇类Mussel 贻贝Mutation 突变Mutualism 互利共生Mycelium 菌丝体Mycobacterium tuberculosis 结核杆菌Myelin 髓磷酯,髓鞘质Myelin sheath 髓鞘Myelinated nerve 有髓神经Myopia 近视Myxodema 黏液性水肿NNail 趾甲,指甲Narcissism 自恋Narcosis 痲醉Narcotic 痲醉剂Narrow spectrum antibiotic 狭谱抗生素Nasal cavity 鼻腔Nasal septum 鼻隔Natality 出生率Natural immunity 天然免疫Nausea 恶心Neck 颈Neck vertebra 颈椎Negroid 黑种,尼格罗种Neisseria gonorrhoeae 淋球菌Nematode 虫Neomycin 新霉(霉)素Nephron 肾元Nerve 神经Nerve cell 神经细胞Nerve ending 神经末梢Nerve fibre 神经纤维Nerve impulse 神经脉冲Nervous coordination 神经协调Nervous system 神经系统Nervous system 神经组织Nervous tissue 神经弓Neural arch 神经管Neural canal 神经管Neural spine 神经棘Neurilemma 神经膜,神经鞘Neurone 神经元Neurosis 神经机能病,神经〔官能〕症Neurotransmitter 神经递质Nicotine 烟碱Nicotinic acid 烟酸Night-blindness 夜盲症Nipple 乳头Nitrate bacteria 硝酸细菌Nitrification 硝化作用Nitrifying bacteria 硝化细菌Nitrite bacteria 亚硝酸细菌Nitrobacter 硝化细菌Nitrobacteria 硝化细菌Nitrogen cycle 氮循环Nitrogen fixation 固氮作用Nitrogen fixing bacteria 固氮细菌Nitrogenous waste 氮性废物Nitrosomonas 亚硝化单胞菌Nocturnal emission 梦遗Node of Ranvier 郎〔飞〕氏结Nodule, root 根瘤Nondegradable 非降解性Non-disjunction 不分离现象Non-medullated nerve 无髓神经Non-myelinated nerve 无髓神经Non-renewable resource 非再生资源Non-specific urethritis 非特异性尿道炎Nosepiece 物镜转换器Nostril 鼻孔Notifiable disease 应具报疾病Nuclear membrane 核膜Nuclear pore 核膜孔Nucleic acid 核酸Nucleolus 核仁Nucleoplasm 核质Nucleotide 核酸Nucleus 〔细胞〕核Nutrient 营养素,养份Nutrient agar 营养琼脂Nutrient agar plate 营养琼脂平面Nutrient broth 营养液体培养基Nutrient cycle 营养循环Nutrient medium 营养培养基Nutrition 营养作用Nutritional disease 营养病Nutritive cell 营养细胞OObesity 肥胖Objective 〔接〕物镜Obligate 专性Oblique muscle 斜肌Obstetrics 产科Occupation disease 职业病Odontoid process 齿状突Oedema 水肿Oesoophagus 食道Oestradiol 雌二醇Oestrogen 雌激素Oil globule 脂肪球Old sight 老视Olfactory lobe 嗅叶Olfactory nerve 嗅神经Oligosaccharide 低聚醣Omnivore 杂食性动物Oogenesis 卵子发生Operation theatre 手术室Opiate 鸦片制剂Opisthorchis chinensis 华支睪吸虫Opposable thumb 对生拇指Opposing muscle 拮抗肌Opsonin 调理素Optic lobe 视叶Optic center 视觉中心Optic nerve 视神经Optimum 最适度Optimum pH 最适酸碱度Optimum temperature 最适温度Oral anti-poliomyelitis vaccine 口服小儿麻痹剂Oran-gutan 猩猩Orbit 眶,眼窝Orcein 地衣红Order 目Organ 器官Organ of Corti 哥蒂氏器官,螺旋器Organelle 细胞器Organic matter 有机质Organic substance 有机物Organism 生物,有机体Origin, tendon 肌始Osmoreceptor 渗〔透〕压感受器Osmoregulation 渗透调节Osmosis 渗透作用Osmotic balance 渗透平衡Osmotic potential 渗透潜能,渗透势Osmotic pressure 渗透压Ossicle 小骨Ossification 骨化作用Osteocyte 骨细胞Otolith 耳石Outer ear 外耳Oval window 卵圆窗Ovarian follicle 卵泡Ovary 卵巢Oven 烘箱Oviduct 输卵管Oviduct funnel 输卵管漏斗Ovulation 排卵Ovum 卵〔细胞〕Oxidation 氧化作用Oxygen 氧Oxygen cycle 氧循环Oxygen cylinder 氧气钢筒Oxygen debt 氧债Oxygenated blood 含氧血Oxygenation 氧合作用Oxyhaemoglobin 氧合血红蛋白氧合血红素Oxytocin 催产素Ozone 臭氧Coagulation 凝固Coarse adjustment knob 粗调节器粗调焦手轮Cocaine 古柯可卡因Coccus 球菌Coccyx 尾骨Cochlea 耳蜗Codeine 可待因Codominance 等显性Coitus 性交Cold receptor 冷觉感受器Collagen 胶原〔蛋白〕Collagen fibre 胶原纤维Collar bone 锁骨Collecting duct 集尿管Colloid 胶体Colloidal fluid 胶状液Colon 结肠Colonization 集群现像Colony (1)集群,群体(2)菌落Colostrum 初乳Colour-bilindness 色盲Colour vision 色觉a 昏迷mensalism 片利共生mon cold 伤风municable disease 传染病munity 群落munity health 社会健康munity health service 社康服务pact bone 密质骨petiton 竞争Concentration 浓度Concentraton gradient 浓度梯度Conception 受孕Condensation 缩合反应Condenser 聚光器Conditioned reflex 条件反射Conditioning 条件作用Condom 避孕套Condyle 骨突Cone cell 视锥细胞Congenital 先天的Conical flask 圆锥瓶Coniferous forest 针叶林Conjunctiva 结膜Conjunctivis 结膜炎Connective tissue 结缔组织Connector neurone 联合神经元,联系神经元Conservation 保护,保持Constipation 便秘Consumer 消费者Contagious disease 接触传染病Contamination 污染Continuous variation 连续变异Contour ploughing 等高耕作Contraception 避孕Contraceptive barrier 避孕屏障Contraceptive pill 避孕丸Contraction 收缩Control 对照Convulsion 抽搐Coordination 协调Coping 顺应Copper sulphate 硫酸铜Cork 木栓Cornea 角膜Cornified layer 角质层Coronary artery 冠状动脉Coronary circulation 冠状循环Coronary heart disease 冠心病Coronary thrombosis 冠状动脉血栓形成Coronary vein 冠状静脉Corpus callosum 胼胝体Corpus luteum 黄体Cortex 皮层,皮质Corynebacterium diphtheriae 伤寒杆菌Cotton swab 棉花棒Cotton wool 棉絮Cough suppressant 咳嗽遏抑剂Coughing 咳〔嗽〕Country park 郊野公园Cover slip 盖玻片Cowper's gland 高柏氏腺,尿道球腺Cowpox 牛痘Cramp 痉挛Cranial nerve 脑神经Cranium 颅Cretinism 呆小病Crop rotation 轮作Crossing over 互换,交换Crown, tooth 齿冠Crucible tong 坩埚钳Crustacean 甲壳类动物Culex 库蚊属Culture 培养物Culture bottle 培养瓶Culture medium 培养基Cusp 尖突Cyclop 剑水蚤Cyst 胞囊,囊Cytoplasm 细胞质Cytosine 胞嘧啶DDaugther 子代Dead space 无效空间Deamination脱胺作用﹔脱氨基作用Decant 倾注Decay 腐败Decibel (dB) 分贝Decidua 蜕膜Deposer 分解者Deposition 分解作用Decongestant 减充血剂Defaecation 排粪Deficiency disease 营养缺乏病Deforestation 滥伐〔林木〕Degeneration 退化Degenerative disease 退化病Degradation 降解作用Dementia 痴呆Demineralisation 脱矿质作用Denaturation 变性作用Denatured protein 变性蛋白Dendrite 树突Dendron 树突Denitrification反硝化作用﹔脱氮作用Denitrfying bacteria 反硝化细菌﹔脱氮细菌Dental caries 龋齿Dental floss 牙Dental formula 齿式Dentine 牙本质,象牙质Dentition 牙列Denture 牙托Deodorant 除臭剂Deoxygenated blood 缺氧血Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) 脱氧核糖核酸Deoxyribose 脱氧核糖Deprementia 精神抑郁Depressant 抑制药﹔镇静剂Depression 抑郁Dermal papilla 真皮乳头Dermatitis 皮〔肤〕炎Dermis 真皮Detergent 清洁剂Detoxication 解毒作用Detritus (1) 碎屑(2) 腐质Development 发育Diabetes mellitus 糖尿病Dialysis 透析作用Dialysis tubing 透析管Diaphragm (1) 横膈膜﹐(2) 光栏Diaphragm, contraceptive 子宫帽Diaphysis 骨干Diarrhoea 腹泻Diastole 心舒期Diastolic pressure 心舒压Diatom 硅藻Dichlorophenol indophenol (DCPIP) 二氯酚靛酚Diet 膳食Dietary fibre 食用纤维Dieting 节食Differential air thermometer 相异空气温度计Differential permeability 分别透性Differentially permeable membrane 分别透〔性〕膜Differentiation 分化作用Diffusion 扩化作用Digestion 消化作用Digestive enzyme 消化Digestive gland 消化腺Digestive system 消化液Digestive tract 消化系统Digit 趾Diglyceride 甘油二酯Dilate 扩张Dilirium tremens 颤抖性谵妄Dilute 稀释Dinoflagellate 双鞭藻Dioptre 屈光度Dip net 掬网Dipeptide 二Diphtheria 白喉Diplococcus pneumoniae 肺炎双球菌Diploid 二倍体Disaccharide 二糖Discharge 流出Discontinuous variation 不连续变异Disease carrier 疾病媒介物Disinfectant 消毒剂Dislocation 脱位Dispensary 配药房Dissecting microscope 解剖显微镜Dissecting needle 解剖针Dissecting scissors 解剖剪Dissecting tray 解剖盘Dissection 解剖Distal convoluted tubule 远曲小管Divider 针规Dominace 显性Dorsal root 背根Dorsal root ganglion 背根节Double circulation 双循环Double helix 双螺旋Down syndrome 唐氏综合症状Dragonfly nymph 蜻蜓若虫Dressing 敷料Droplet infection 飞沬传染Dropper 滴管Dropping bottle 滴瓶Dropping funnel 滴液漏斗Dropping pipette 滴管Drug 药〔物〕Drug abuse 滥用药物Drug dependence 药瘾Drug resistance 抗药性Drug therapy 药物治疗Drug tolerance 药物耐受性Duckweed (1) 浮萍 (2) 青萍Ductless gland 无管腺Duodenal gland 十二指肠腺Duodenum 十二指肠Duplication 复制Dwarfism 侏儒Dysentery 痢疾Dysorganization 行为发展反常EEar 耳Ear drum 耳膜Ear fluid 耳液Ear lobe 耳垂Ear ossicle 听小骨Ear pinna 耳壳Ear stone 耳石Eardrum 鼓膜Ecological niche 生态位Ecological pyramid 生态塔Ecological succession 生态演替Ecology 生态学Ecosystem 生态系统Ectoparasite 外寄生物Effector 反应器Efferent arteriole输出小动脉Effluent 废水Egestion 排遗作用Egg 卵Egg membrane 卵膜Ejaculation 射精Ejaculatory duct 射精管Elastic fibre 弹性纤维Elastic tissue 弹性组织Elbow 肘Elbow joint 肘关节Electron micrograph 电子显微照片Electron microscope 电子显微镜Embolism 栓塞Embolus 栓子Embryo 胚胎Embryonic membrane 胎膜Emphysema 肺气肿Emulsification 乳化作用Emulsifier 乳化剂Emulsion 乳剂Emulsion test 乳剂试验Enamel 牙釉质,珐琅质End brush 刷状末梢Endangered species 濒危物种Endemic disease 地方病Endocrine gland 内分泌腺Endocrine system 内分泌系统Endolymph 内淋巴Endometrium 子宫内膜Endoparasite 内寄生物Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) 内质网Endoskeleton 内骨骼Endospore 内孢子Endothelium 内皮Energy flow 能量流Energy value 能量值Entamoeba histolytica 痢疾变形虫Enterokinase 肠激Environment 环境Environmental control环境控制Environment factor 环境因素Enzyme 素Enzyme specificity 专特性Epidemic disease流行病Epidermal cell 表皮细胞Epidermis 表皮Epidermophyton 表面癣菌属Epididymis 附睪Epiglottis 会厌〔软骨〕Epinephrine 肾上腺素EpiphysisEpiphyte 附生植物Epithelial cell 上皮细胞Epithelium 上皮Equatorial plate 赤道板Erectile tissue 勃起组织Erector 竖立肌Erepsin 肠蛋白Erosion 侵蚀Erythrocyte 红细胞,红血球Erythrosin 真曙红Escherichia coli (E.coli) 大肠杆菌Ethanoic acid 乙酸Ethanol 乙醇Ether 醚Eukaryote 真核生物Euphoria 精神愉快Eustachian tube 欧氏管,耳咽管Eutrophication 富养化作用Excreta 排泄物Excretion 排泄作用Excretory organ 排泄器官Excretory product 排泄物Excretory system 排泄系统Exhalation 呼气Exocrine gland 外分泌腺Exophthalmus goiter 突眼性甲状腺肿Expectorant 祛痰药Experiment 实验Expiration 呼气Exponential growth 指数增长Extensor 伸肌External auditory canal (meatus) 外耳道External ear 外耳Extracellular 细胞外的Extracellular fluid 〔细〕胞外液Extract 抽出液Eyeball 眼球Eyelid 眼睑Eyepiece 〔接〕目镜FFacultative 兼性Faeces 粪便Fallopian funnel 输卵管漏斗Fallopian tube 输卵管False rib 假肋Family 科Fat 脂肪Fat cell 脂肪细胞Fat soluble 脂溶性的Fatty acid 脂肪酸Fatty sheath 脂肪鞘Fatty tissue 脂肪组织Fauna 动物区系Feedback 反馈Feedback control 反馈控制Feedback mechanism 反馈机制Fehling's solution 菲令氏溶液。
生物学英语词汇大全生物学专业英语词汇
生物学英语词汇大全生物学专业英语词汇请注意，以下是根据给定的题目“生物学英语词汇大全生物学专业英语词汇”的格式撰写的一份文章。
生物学英语词汇大全生物学专业英语词汇Introduction:In the field of biology, a strong grasp of English vocabulary is essential for effective communication and understanding of scientific concepts. This article aims to provide a comprehensive list of biology-related terms in English, specifically catering to those studying biology as a discipline. The following sections will cover a wide range of topics, including genetics, cell biology, ecology, and more.Genetics:1. Nucleotide: The basic building block of DNA and RNA, consisting ofa sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base.2. Chromosome: A thread-like structure made up of DNA and proteins, carrying genetic information in the form of genes.3. Allele: One of the alternative forms of a gene occupying a specific position on a chromosome.4. Genotype: The genetic makeup of an organism, representing the combination of alleles present in its cells.5. Phenotype: The observable characteristics of an organism that result from its genotype and environmental factors.Cell Biology:1. Cell Membrane: A semipermeable membrane surrounding the cytoplasm of a cell, regulating the passage of substances in and out of the cell.2. Organelle: A specialized structure within a cell that performs a specific function, such as the mitochondria or Golgi apparatus.3. Ribosome: A cellular structure responsible for protein synthesis, translating the genetic code from mRNA into a functional protein.4. Endoplasmic Reticulum: A network of membranes within the cell involved in the synthesis of proteins and lipids.5. Mitochondria: Organelles responsible for generating energy in the form of ATP through cellular respiration.Ecology:1. Ecosystem: A community of organisms and their physical environment, functioning as a unit within a biome.2. Food Chain: A linear sequence of organisms in which each organism serves as a source of food for the next.3. Biodiversity: The variety of life forms present in a given area or ecosystem.4. Sustainability: The ability to maintain ecological balance and meet the needs of present and future generations.5. Carbon Footprint: The total amount of greenhouse gases emitted directly or indirectly by an individual, organization, or product.Evolution:1. Natural Selection: The process by which advantageous traits are more likely to be passed on to future generations.2. Adaptation: The process by which organisms change or develop traits to better fit their environment.3. Speciation: The formation of new and distinct species through reproductive isolation and genetic divergence.4. Fossil Record: The accumulated evidence of past life, preserved in rocks and sediment, providing insights into evolutionary history.5. Mutation: A permanent change in the DNA sequence of a gene, leading to variations within a population.Conclusion:This article has provided a comprehensive list of biology-related English vocabulary for those studying biology as a discipline. From genetics to ecology and evolution, these terms cover a wide range of topics within the field. By familiarizing themselves with these terms, students will enhance their understanding and fluency in the English language in the context of biology.。
常用生物学专业英语词汇3篇
常用生物学专业英语词汇第一篇：细胞生物学1. 细胞膜（cell membrane）：细胞的包膜结构，可以控制待进入或离开细胞的物质。
2. 细胞核（nucleus）：细胞中包含遗传信息DNA的结构。
控制细胞分裂和遗传信息的传递和执行。
3. 同源染色体（homologous chromosomes）：由配对的两条染色体组成，分别来自于父母亲，对于同一性状存在基因位点，具有相同或相关的遗传信息。
4. 有丝分裂（mitosis）：细胞的一种分裂方式，产生两个细胞，每个细胞含有与原细胞相同数量的染色体。
5. 裂解（lysis）：细胞膜被打破，导致细胞内容物外流。
6. 自噬（autophagy）：细胞通过噬菌体的方式，将细胞内无效或老化的细胞成分进行分解和循环。
7. 线粒体（mitochondria）：细胞中用于产生化学能的细胞器。
8. 基因（gene）：遗传信息位点，控制生物性状的单元。
9. 染色体（chromosome）：细胞中被DNA和蛋白质包裹的结构，通过细胞分裂的方式传递遗传信息。
10. 质膜（plasma membrane）：细胞外膜，通过细胞内外之间的物质交换，维护细胞内环境稳定。
11. 胞质（cytoplasm）：细胞内除了细胞核之外的其他成分，包括线粒体等细胞器。
12. 有丝分裂纺锤体（mitotic spindle）：帮助细胞完成有丝分裂的蛋白质丝索。
13. 细胞凋亡（apoptosis）：细胞通过自我死亡过程，去除对身体有害的部分。
14. 共生（symbiosis）：两个或多个不同物种之间的紧密关系，可以有利于两者的生存。
15. 酶（enzyme）：帮助细胞进行化学反应的蛋白质。
16. 染色体畸变（chromosomal aberration）：因DNA修复失效，染色体结构改变，可能出现体细胞突变和肿瘤等恶性肿瘤。
17. 内质网（endoplasmic reticulum）：细胞中重要的蛋白质合成和修饰结构，可以将蛋白质目的地向不同区域传输。
生物学专业英语词汇汇总
Botany植物学Cell theory细胞学说cell membrane细胞膜nucleus 细胞核Organelle 细胞器cell wall细胞壁cytoplasm细胞质protoplast原生质体cell cycle细胞周期mitochondrion 线粒体photosynthesis光合作用unit membrane 单位膜chloroplast 叶绿体chlorophyll叶绿素xanthophyll叶黄素carotene胡萝卜素golgiosome高尔基体ribosome 核糖体lysosome溶酶体microfilament微丝nuclear fission核分裂reproduction繁殖primary wall初生壁secondary wall次生壁plasmodesma胞间连丝mitosis有丝分裂amitosis无丝分裂meiosis减数分裂cytokinesis胞质分裂interphase间期prophase前期metaphase中期anaphase后期telophase末期tissue组织pistil 雌蕊stamen雄蕊ovary子房pollination传粉pollen tube花粉管porogamy珠孔受精chalazogamy合点受精mesogamy中部受精apomixis无融合生殖apogamy无配子生殖patrogenesis孤雄生殖parthenogensis 孤雌生殖apospory无孢子生殖pericarp果皮life history生活史root system根系main root主根lateral root侧根taproot system直根系fibrous root system须根系cortex皮层vascular cylinder 维管柱pericycle中柱鞘xylem ray 木射线vascular ray 维管射线phloem ray韧皮射线root cap根冠Casparian strip凯氏带primary xylem初生木质部primary phloem初生韧皮部vascular ray 维管射线xylem ray 木射线phelloderm栓内层phloem ray韧皮射线embryo胚homologous organ同源器官analogous organ同功器官endosperm胚乳seed coat种皮radicle胚根plumule胚芽hypocotyl下胚轴cotyledon子叶dormancy休眠seed germination种子萌发eukaryote真核生物prokaryote原核生物algae藻类blue-green algae蓝藻trichogyne受精丝mucopolysaccharide黏多糖gelatinous sheath 胶质鞘exospore外生孢子heterosexual cell异性细胞green algae绿藻isogamy同配生殖anisogamy 异配生殖anisogamy 卵式生殖zygogamy 接合生殖haploid单倍体diploid二倍体polyploid多倍体carposporophyte孢子体brown algae褐藻sea-tangle海带agar琼脂fungi菌类parasitism寄生saprophytic腐生的lichen地衣archegonium颈卵器antheridium精子器antiphyte孢子体gametophyte配子体protonema原丝体bryophyta 苔藓植物cruciferae十字花科vascular plants微管植物aquatic plant水生植物salicaceae杨柳科angiosperm被子植物endoplasmic reticulum内质网vegetative reproduction营养繁殖intercellular layer胞间层phellogen& cork cambium木栓形成层asexual reproduction无性繁殖sexual propagation有性繁殖tetradynamous stamen四强雄蕊didynamous stamen二强雄蕊monodelphous stamen单体雄蕊diadelphous stamen二体雄蕊triadelphous stamen三体雄蕊polyadelphous stamens多体雄蕊synantherous stamen聚药雄蕊primary wall cells初生壁细胞vegetative cell营养细胞male sterility雄性不育filiform apparatus丝状器meristem zone 分生区elongation zone伸长区maturation zone成熟区embryophyte有胚植物specific parasitism专性寄生specific saprophyte专性腐生facultative parasitism兼性寄生facultative saprophyte兼性腐生sexual generation有性世代asexual generation无性世代Zoology动物学cell细胞prokaryotic cell原核细胞eukaryotic cell真核细胞protein蛋白质nucleic acid核酸carbohydrate糖lipid脂质protoplasm原生质inclusion内含物cell cycle细胞周期pulmonary alveolus肺泡flagellum鞭毛food vacuole食物泡pinocytosis胞饮作用fission裂体生殖microgamete小配子zygote合子microtubule微管contraction silk 收缩丝merogenesis 卵裂blastocoele 囊胚腔complete cleavage完全卵裂layering分层cynapse突触myoneme肌丝myocyte肌细胞mesoglea中胶层monoecism雌雄同体dioecism雌雄异体velum缘膜radial symmetry辐射对称nerve net神经网planula 浮浪幼虫bilateral symmetry两侧对称mesoderm中胚层tubule cell 管细胞osmoregulation渗透调节acetabulum 腹吸盘oral sucker口吸盘metacercaria囊蚴pseudocoel假体腔cuticle角质膜cloacal pore泄殖孔renette腺肾细emunctory排泄管resting egg休眠卵metamere体节metamerism分节现象sense organ 感觉器periostracum壳皮层prismatic layer壳层nacreous layer珍珠层veliger 面盘幼虫glochidium 钩介幼虫adductor闭壳肌segmentation异律分节linear animal线形动物pericardial cavity围心腔cervical vertebra颈椎sacral vertebra荐椎pulmonary vein肺静脉precaval vein 前腔静脉bladder气囊middle ear中耳tympanum cavity中耳腔amnion羊膜neopallium新皮层lagena 瓶状囊wishbone叉骨postcaval vein后腔静脉glandular stomach腺胃air sac气囊salt gland盐腺sclerotic ring 巩膜骨viviparity胎生placenta胎盘allantois尿囊rumen瘤胃bursa of fabricius 腔上囊masticatory stomach肌胃reticulum网胃omasum瓣胃abomasum皱胃cochlea耳蜗earthworm蚯蚓internal naris内鼻孔amniota羊膜动物arthropod节肢动物coelenterate腔肠动物annelid环节动物cell membrane&plasma membrane细胞膜epithelial tissue上皮组织connective tissue结缔组织cartilage tissue软骨组织osseous tissue骨组织muscular tissue肌肉组织cardiac muscle心肌intercalated disc闰盘Nissl's body尼氏小体colony &group群体meroblastic cleavage不完全卵裂colonial theory 群体说gastrovascular cavity消化循环腔muscle system肌肉体系excretory system排泄系统reproductive system生殖系统digestive system消化系统archinephric duct原肾管basal lamina & basal membrane基膜cross-fertilization异体受精self-fertilization自体受精final host终寄主first intermidate host第一中间寄主semicircular canal半规管second intermediate host第二中间寄主Genetics遗传学heredity 遗传variation 变异gene 基因pisum sativum 豌豆segregation 分离gamete 生殖细胞zygote 合子allele 等位基因genotype 基因型phenotype 表现型test cross 测交oryza sativa 水稻diploid 二倍体haploid 单倍体centromere 着丝粒satellite 随体linker 连丝mitosis 有丝分裂mesoblast中胚层spindle 纺锤体interphase 间期spindle fiber 纺锤丝vicia faba蚕豆nucleoplasm 核质spermatogenous 精原细胞oogonium 卵原细胞spermatid 精细胞Phenocopy 拟表型epistasis上位效应mutant突变型gametic lethal配子致死zygotic lethal合子致死autosome 常染色体dominant lethal显性致死carrier 携带者homozygote 纯合体heterozygote 杂合体genotype 基因型phenotype 表现型linkage group 连锁群interference 干涉coincidence 并发率genetic map 遗传学图wild type野生型mutation 突变heterokaryon 异核体auxotroph 营养缺陷型strain 菌株recipient 受体donor 供体fragment 片段induction 诱导prophage 原噬菌体transduction 转导Mendel’s laws 孟德尔定律law of segregation 分离定律first filial generation 子一代parental generation 亲代dominant character 显性性状recessive character 隐性性状hereditary determinant 遗传因子parental combination 亲组合recombination 重组合punnett square 棋盘法Mendelian character 孟德尔性状primary constriction 初级缢痕secondary constriction 次级缢痕nucleolar organizer 核仁形成区first polar body 第一极体second polar body 第二极体sister chromatids 姐妹染色单体female gametic nucleus 卵核multiple alleles 复等位基因sex-chromosome性染色体sex-linked inheritance 伴性遗传primary constriction 初级缢痕secondary constriction 次级缢痕complementary gene互补基因homologous chromosome 同源染色体sister chromatids 姐妹染色单体secondary oocyte 次级卵母细胞three-point testcross 三点测交primary spermatocyte 初级精母细胞secondary spermatocyte 次级精母细胞first division segregation 第一次分裂分离second division segregation 第二次分裂分离law of independent assortment 自由组合定律Biochemistry 生物化学essential element必需元素trace elements微量元素proteoglycan蛋白聚糖amino acid氨基酸primary structure 一级结构random coil无规卷曲structural domain 结构域subunit亚基degeneration变性adenine腺嘌呤guanine鸟嘌呤cytosine胞嘧啶thymine胸腺嘧啶uracil尿嘧啶nucleoside 核苷nucleotide核苷酸base pairing碱基配对base pair碱基对数base碱基数gyrase旋转酶nucleosome核小体complementary DNA互补DNA plasmid质粒transposons转座子repetitive sequence重复序列exon外显子intron内含子variable loop可变环ribonuclease核糖核酸酶renaturation复性hyperchromic effect增色效应base stacking force碱基堆积力annealing退火melting-out temperature熔解温度hypochromic effect减色效应maltose麦芽糖sucrose蔗糖lactose乳糖starch淀粉glycogen糖原cellulose纤维素cellulase纤维素酶selectivity选择性substrate底物holoenzyme全酶cofactor辅因子coenzyme辅酶oxidase氧化酶metabolism新陈代谢assimilation同化作用catabolism异化作用metabolite代谢产物biological oxidation 生物氧化cytochrome细胞色素rotenone鱼藤酮amytal阿密妥antimycin A抗霉素 A cyanide氰化物glycolysis糖酵解ethanol乙醇citrate柠檬酸cis-aconitate 顺乌头酸succinic acid琥珀酸oxaloacetic acid草酰乙酸acetyl-coenzyme乙酰辅酶fumarate延胡索酸glyoxylate cycle 乙醛酸循环malate苹果酸fatty acid 脂肪酸carbon unit一碳单位replicon复制子core enzyme 核心酶primosome引发体Okazaki fragment冈崎片段leading chain 前导链lagging strand后随链terminator终止子telomere端粒telomerase端粒酶replication fork复制叉vector载体promoter启动子terminator终止子operon操纵子codon密码子degeneracy简并性hormone激素citric acid cycle 柠檬酸循环deamination脱氨基作用urea cycle尿素循环euchromatin常染色质messenger RNA信使RNAtransfer RNA转移RNA ribosome RNA核糖体RNAmetabolic regulation代谢调节feedback regulation反馈调节structural gene结构基因promoter gene启动基因operator gene操纵基因regulator gene调节基因termination factor终止因子triplet code三联体密码initiator codon起始密码termination codon终止密码semiconservative replication半保留复制ornithine cycle鸟氨酸循环ketogenic amino acid生酮氨基酸glucogenic amino acid生糖氨基酸oxidative deamination氧化脱氨作用transamination转氨基作用reverse transcription逆转录decarboxylation脱羧作用semidiscontinuous replication半不连续复制reverse transcriptase 逆转录酶missense mutation错义突变synonymous mutation同义突变neutral mutation中性突变nonsense mutation无义突变phosphatidic acid 磷脂酸essential amino acids 必需氨基酸dihydrouracil loop二氢尿嘧啶环anticodon loop反密码子环double-strand circular DNA 双链环形DNA superhelical DNA 超螺旋DNA open circular DNA 开环DNA linear DNA 线形DNAbase stacking force 碱基堆积力secondary structure二级结构super-secondary structure超二级结构tertiary structure三级结构quaternary structure四级结构negative supercoil DNA负超螺旋DNA positive supercoil DNA正超螺旋DNAGlyceraldehyde-3-phosphate甘油醛-3-二磷酸glucogenic and ketogenic amino acid生糖兼生酮氨基酸restriction endonuclease限制性内切酶polymerase chain reaction聚合酶链反应Microbiology微生物学living creatures 生物culture medium 培养基lawn菌苔culture plate 培养平板bacteria 细菌archaea 古生菌eukaryote真核生物prokaryote 原核生物protozoan 原生动物hypha 菌丝mycoplasma 支原体yeast 酵母菌plasmolysis 质壁分离Escherichia Coli大肠杆菌murein胞壁质peptidoglycan 肽聚糖mucopeptide黏肽outer membrane外膜chromosome染色体nucleolus 核仁nucleoid 拟核chromatin 染色质centromere 着丝粒telomere 端粒protoplast 原生质体mycoplasma 支原体glycoprotein 糖蛋白mesosome 间体cytoplasm细胞质megnetosome磁小体nucleoid拟核glycocalyx 糖被capsule 荚膜flagellum 鞭毛lysosome 溶酶体chloroplast 叶绿体thylakoid类囊体inorganic salt 无机盐peptone 蛋白胨sulfur bacteria 硫细菌beef extract牛肉膏vitamin 维生素inclusion body 内含物lithotroph 无机营养型medium 培养基agar 琼脂organotroph 有机营养型antiport 逆向运输active transport 主动运输pinocytosis 胞饮作用catabolism 分解代谢passive transport 被动运输uniport 单向运输anabolism 合成代谢fermentation发酵batch culture 分批培养log phase 对数生长期stationary phase 稳定生长期lag phase 迟缓期decline phase衰亡期aerobe 好氧菌antibiotic 抗生素antigenome 反基因组transformation 转化genome 基因组plasmid 质粒transforming factor 转化因子diploid 二倍体haploid 单倍体transposable element 转座因子conjugation接合作用transposon转座子phenotype 表型genotype基因型auxotroph营养缺陷型wild-type野生型transition 转换transversion 颠换spontaneous mutation 自发突变reverse mutation 回复突变sexduction 性导transduction 转导promoter 启动子operon 操纵子recombination repair 重组修复repressor 阻遏蛋白corepressor辅阻遏物clone 克隆denaturation 变性annealing 退火extension 延伸cloning vector 克隆载体replicon 复制子telomere 端粒cohesive end 黏性末端promoter 启动子terminator 终止子gene therapy 基因治疗phylogeny 系统发育ammonification 氨化作用nitrification 硝化作用denitrification 反硝化作用expression vector 表达载体aerobic respiration有氧呼吸anaerobic respiration无氧呼吸origin of replication 复制起始点incompatibility 不亲和性gene mutation 基因突变synonymous mutation 同义突变chromosomal aberration 染色体畸变missense mutation 错义突变frame-shift mutation 移码突变lactose operon 乳糖操纵子negative transcription control 负转录调控tryptophan operon 色氨酸操纵子cytoplasmic inheritance 细胞质遗传genetic engineering 基因工程recombinant DNA technology 重组DNA技术palindromic structure 回文结构spread plate method 涂布平板法pour plate method 倾注培养法streak plate method 平板划线法shake tube method 稀释摇管法continuous culture 连续培养。
最全的生物学专业相关词汇
AAbdomen 腹〔部〕Abdominal cavity腹腔Abdominal muscle 腹肌Abiotic(1)非生物的﹐(2) 无生命的Abscess 脓肿Absolute alcohol 无水酒精Absorption 吸收作用Accommodation调整作用Acetic acid 醋酸Acetic alcohol醋酸酒精Aceto-orcein 醋酸地衣红Acetylcholine乙醯胆碱Acid rain 酸雨Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)后天免疫力缺乏症(艾滋病) Acquired immunity获得免疫﹔后天免疫Acromegaly 肢端巨大症Acrosome 顶体Actinomycete 放菌Activated sludge method活性污(淤)泥处理法Active immunity 自动免疫Active site 活性部位Active transport主动运输Adaptation 适应Addiction 瘾Adenine腺嘌呤Adenosine diphosphate (ADP)腺〔嘌呤核〕二磷酸﹔二磷酸腺Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)腺〔嘌呤核〕三磷酸﹔三磷酸腺Adipose tissue脂肪组织Adolescense青年期Adrenal cortex肾上腺皮质Adrenal gland肾上腺Adrenal medulla 肾上腺髓质Adrenaline肾上腺素Adulthood 成年期Aedes 伊蚊属Aeration tank曝气池Aerobe 需氧生物Aerobic respiration需氧呼吸Affective psychosis情感性精神病Afferent arteriole输入小动脉Afforestation造林Aflatoxin 黄曲霉素Afterbirth 胎盘胎膜Agar 琼脂Agar plate 琼脂平面Aging 衰老Agglutination凝集作用Agglutinin 凝集素Agglutinogen 凝集原Agranulocyte无粒白细胞﹔无粒白血球Aggression攻击性行为Ailment疾病Air pollution 空气染污Albinism白化Albumen蛋白Albumin白蛋白Alcohol 醇﹔酒精Alcohol dependence 酒Alcoholic 酗酒者Alcoholic fermentation酒精发酵Alcoholic posioning 醇中毒﹔酒精中毒Alcoholism (1) 酗酒﹐(2) 醇中毒﹔酒精中毒Alga 藻Alimentary canal 消化道﹔消化管Allele等位基因Allergy 过敏反应Alveolus肺泡Amino acid 胺基酸﹔氨基酸Amino group 胺基﹔氨基Ammonia 氨Ammonification 氨化作用Ammonifying bacteria 氨化细菌Amnesia 记忆缺失﹔遗忘〔症〕Amnion羊膜Amniotic cavity 羊膜腔Amniotic fluid羊水Amniotic sac 羊膜囊Amoeba变形虫Amoebic dysentery 变形虫性痢疾﹔阿米巴痢疾Amoeboid movement 变形运动Amphetamine安非他明Amphibian两栖动物Ampicillin氨青霉(霉)素Ampulla壶腹Amylase淀粉Anabolism组成代谢Anaemia贫血Anaerobe 厌氧生物Anaerobic缺氧的Anaerobic respiration 缺氧呼吸Anaesthesia 麻醉法Anaesthetic 麻醉剂Analgesic 镇痛剂Androgen 雄激素Angina 绞痛Animal husbandry 畜牧〔业〕Ankle 踝Anopheles 按蚊属Anorexia nervosa 厌食Antagonistic muscle拮抗肌Anterior pituitary 脑垂体前叶Anterior vena cava前腔大静脉Anthrax 炭疽Anthropoid 类人猿Antibiotic 抗生素﹔抗菌素Antibiotic disc 抗生素片Antibody 抗体Anticoagulant抗凝血剂Anti-depressant 抗抑郁药Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)抗利尿激素Antigen 抗原Antihistamine 抗组胺药Antioxidant 抗氧化剂Antiperspirant 止汗药Antipsychotic drug 精神抑制药Antiseptic 防腐剂Antisocial act 反社会性行为Antitoxin 抗毒素Anxiety 焦虑Anus 肛门Aorta 大动脉Ape 人猿Appendicitis阑尾炎Appendicular skeleton 附肢骨骼Appendix 阑尾Aquaculture水产养殖Aqueous humour 水状液Arrector pili 竖毛肌Arterial pressure 动脉血压Arterial system 动脉系统Arteriole 小动脉Arteriosclerosis 动脉硬化Artery 动脉Arthritis关节炎Articular capsule 关节囊Articular cartilage 关节软骨Artificial respiration 人工呼吸Asbestos 石棉Asbestosis石棉沉着病Ascariasis 蛔虫病Ascaris 蛔虫Ascaris lumbricoides 人蛔虫Ascorbate 抗坏血酸盐Ascorbic acid抗坏血酸Asepsis 无菌法Aseptic technique 无菌技术Aspirin 阿司匹林Assimilation同化作用Association area 联合区Association neurone 联合神经元Asthma气喘﹔哮喘Astigmatism散光Atheroma, atherosclerosis 动脉粥样硬化Athlete's foot 脚癣Atlas 寰椎Atrial systole心房收缩期Atrioventricular node房室结Atrioventricular valve房室瓣Atrium心房Atrophy 萎缩Attenuation 减毒作用Auditory canal 听道Auditory nerve 听神经Auditory ossicle听小骨Aureomycin 金霉(霉)索Auricle心耳Australoid 棕种；澳大利亚人种Autoclave高压灭菌器；消毒蒸锅Autolysis 自主溶解Autonomic nervous system自主神经系统Autosome 常染色体；体染色体Autotroph自养生物Autotrophic nutrition自养营养Axial sketelon 中轴骨骼Axis 枢椎Axon 轴突Azobacter 定氮菌BBaboon 狒狒Bacillus 杆菌Bacillus anthracis 炭疽杆菌Bacillus megatherium巨大芽胞杆菌Bacillus subtilus 枯草杆菌Bacillus typhosus 伤寒沙门杆菌Backbone 柱Background radiation 本底辐射Bactericidal 杀菌的Bactericide杀〔细〕菌剂Bacterium 细菌Balance of nature 自然平衡Balanced diet 均衡膳食Ball and socket joint 球窝关节Barbiturate 巴比妥盐Barnacle藤壶Barrier method 屏障法Basal metabolic rate (BMR) 基础代谢率Basal metabolism基础代谢Base pair 碱基对Base sequence 碱基顺序Basement membrane 基底膜Basilar membrane 基膜B.C.G. (Bacille Calmette-Guerin) vaccine 卡介苗Beaker 烧杯Beef extract 牛肉汁Bell jar 钟形罩Benedict's solution 本立德溶液Benedict's test本立德试验Beri beri脚气病Bicarbonate indicator 重碳酸盐指示剂Biceps二头肌Bicuspid valve二尖瓣Bile 胆汁Bile duct 胆管Bile pigment 胆色素Bile salt 胆盐Bilirubin 胆红素Biliverdin 胆绿素Binary fission二分体分裂Binocular vision 双眼视觉Binomial nomenclature双名法Binomial system 双名法Biochemical 生化的Biochemical oxygen demand (B.O.D) 生化需氧量Biocide 杀生物剂Biodegradable生物可降解的Biological control 生物防治Biological fitler method 生物过滤法Biological indicator 生物指示者Biomass 生物量Biome生物群落Biosphere 生物圈Biosynthesis生物合成Biotic (1)生物的﹐(2)有生命的Biotic community 生物群落Bird 鸟Birth 分娩Birth control 控制生育﹔节育Biuret test二缩试验Bladder (1)囊﹐(2)膀胱Bladderworm 囊尾幼虫Blind spot 盲点Blinking reflex 瞬目反应Blood 血〔液〕Blood alcohol concentration (BAC) 血酒精浓度Blood capillary 微血管Blood cell 血细胞Blood circulation 血液循环Blood clot 血凝块Blood clotting 凝血作用Blood group 血型Blood pressure 血压Blood sinus血窦Blood smear 血涂片Blood stream 血流Blood sugar 血糖Blood transfusion输血Blood vessel 血管Blue asbestos 青石棉Body 躯体Body cavity 体腔Body fluid 体液Trunk 躯干Body tube 镜筒Boil 疖Boiling tube 大试管Bolus 食团Bone 骨Bone marrow 骨髓Bone tissue 骨组织Bony labyrinth骨迷路Booster 加强剂Bordetella pertussis百日咳杆菌Botulism 肉毒中毒Bowman 's capsule鲍〔曼〕氏囊﹔肾小球囊Brachial artery 肱动脉Brain 脑Breast bone 胸骨Breathing 呼吸Breathing rate 呼吸率Breeding 育种Bristle 刚毛Broad spectrum antibiotics广谱抗生素Bromothymol blue溴百里香酚蓝Bronchiole 小支气管Bronchitis支气管炎Bronchus 支气管Broth 液体培养基Bubonic plague 黑死病Buccal cavity 口腔Buffer 缓冲剂BugBulbourethral gland 尿道球腺Bulimia nerovsa贪食﹔食欲过盛Bunsen burner 本生灯CCaddisfly石蛾Caddisfly larva 石蚕Caecum盲肠Caesarian section剖腹取子术Caffeine咖啡因Calciferol (vitamin D)化醇Calcification 化作用Calcium carbonate 碳酸Calculus 齿石Calf muscle 小腿肌肉Calorie卡〔路里〕Calorific value 热值﹔卡值Calorimeter 量热器Cancer 癌Cancerous cell癌细胞Candiada 念珠菌属Candiada albicans 白色念珠菌Canine犬齿Cannabis 大麻Cannabis sativa 大麻Canopy (1)树冠﹐(2)冠层Capillary 微血管Capillary bed 微血管床Capillary network 微血管网Capillary tube 毛细管Capsular ligament囊状带Caramel 焦糖Carbaminohaemoglobin碳胺血红蛋白﹔碳胺血红素Carbohaemoglobin 碳酸血红蛋白﹔碳酸血红素Carbohydrase 碳水化合物Carbohydrate 碳水化合物Carbon cycle 碳循环Carbon dioxide 二氧化碳Carbon monoxide 一氧化碳Carbon monoxide haemoglobin 一氧化碳血红蛋白﹔一氧化碳血红素Carbonic anhydrase 碳酸Carboxyhaemoglobin 碳氧血红蛋白﹔碳氧血红素Carcinogen致癌物Carcinoma癌Cardiac cycle 心搏周期Cardia muscle 心〔脏〕肌Cardiac output 心输出量Cardiac sphincter贲门括约肌Cardiac volume 心容量Cardiovascular disease 心血管疾病Carnivore食肉生物Carotene 胡萝卜素Carotid artery 颈动脉Carpal 腕骨Cartilage 软骨Casein 酪蛋白Casualty急症室Catabolism分解代谢Catalase 过氧化氢Catalyst 催化剂Cataract白内障Caucasoid 白种﹔高加索人种Caudal vertebra 尾椎Cavity 腔Cell 细胞Cell body 〔细〕胞体Cell division 细胞分裂Cell membrane 细胞膜Cell sap 细胞液Cell theory 细胞学说Cell wall 细胞璧Cellular respiration 细胞呼吸〔作用〕Cellulase 纤维素Cellulose 纤维素Cement 牙骨质﹔白垩质Cementum 牙骨质Centipede 蜈蚣﹔百足Central canal 中心管Central dogma 中心法则Central nervous system 中枢神经系统Centrifuge离心机Centriole中心粒Centromere丝点Centrum 椎体Ceramic wire gauze 陶瓷铁丝网Cerebellum小脑Cerebral cortex大脑皮层Cerebral hemisphere 大脑半球Cerebral thrombosis脑血栓形成Cerebral ventricle 脑室Cerebrospinal fluid脑髓液Cerebrum大脑Cerumen 聍﹔耳垢Ceruminous gland 聍腺Cervical vertebra颈椎Cervix(1)颈﹐(2)子宫颈Chancre 下疳Character (1)性状﹐(2)特征Cheek cell 颊上皮细胞Chemoreceptor化学感受器Chemotherapy 化学疗法Chiasma 交叉Chickenpox 水痘Child birth 分娩Childhood 儿童期Chimpanzee 黑猩猩Chinese liver fluke 中华肝吸虫Chloramphenicol 氯霉(霉)素Chlorination 加氯消毒法Chloroform氯仿Chlorophyll叶绿素Chloroplast叶绿体Choking 气哽﹔气阻Cholera霍乱Cholesterol胆固醇Chordae tendineae腱索Chorion 绒〔毛〕膜Choroid脉胳膜Chorionic villi绒毛膜绒毛Chromatid 染色单体Chromatin 染色质Chromomere 染色粒Chromonema 染色丝Chromosomal aberration染色体畸变Chromosomal duplication染色体复制Chromosome 染色体Chromosome number染色体数GGalactose 半乳糖Gall bladder 胆囊Gamete 配子Gametogenesis 配子形成Ganglion 神经节Gas cylinder 气体钢筒Gaseous exchange 气体交换Gastric gland 胃腺Gastric juice 胃液Gastrin 促胃液素Gastrointestinal tract 胃肠管Gel 凝胶Gelatin 明胶Gelatinous plate 胶质块Gene 基因Gene mutation 基因突变Gene segregation 基因分离General practitioner (GP) 普通科医生Generation 〔世〕代Genetic carrier 遗传载体Genetic code 遗传密码Genetic material 遗传物质Genetics 遗传学Genital herpes 生殖器疹Genital organ 生殖器Genital warts 生殖器疣Genotype 基因型Genus 属Germ 病菌German measles (Rubella) 德国痲疹,〔病毒性〕风疹Germinative layer 生发层Gestation period 妊娠期Gibbon 长臂猿Gigantism 巨人症Gingiva 龈Gingivitis 龈炎Girdle 带Glacial acetic acid 无水醋酸Gland 腺Glandular cell 腺细胞Glans penis 阴茎头Glass rod 玻璃棒Glass tubing 玻璃管Glenoid 肩臼Gliding joint 滑动关节Globulin 球蛋白Glomerular filtrate 肾小球滤液Glomerulus 肾小球Glottis 声门Glucagon 高血糖素Glucose 葡萄糖Glyceride 甘油酯Glycerine 甘油Glycerol 甘油糖原Glycogen 糖原Glycolysis 糖酵解Goblet cell 杯状细胞Goitre 甲状腺肿Golgi body 高尔基体Gonad 生殖腺,性腺Gonadotrophin 促性腺激素Gonococcus 淋球菌Gonorrhoea 淋病Gorilla 大猩猩Graafian follicle 囊状卵泡Granular layer 〔颗〕粒层Granulocyte 颗粒白〔血〕细胞,颗粒白血球Grassland habitat 草原生境Green revolution 绿色革命Greenhouse effect 温室效应Grey matter 灰质Grid 格子Griseofulvin 灰黄霉(霉) 素Grit chamber/tank 砂砾池Growth 生长Growth hormone (GH) 生长激素Growth spurt 速长期Guanine 鸟〔粪〕嘌呤Gum 齿龈Gum disease 齿龈病Gynecology 妇科HHabitat 生境Habituation 习惯形成,成瘾Haemoglobin 血红蛋白,血红素Haemolysis 溶血作用Haemophilia 血友病Haemorrhage 出血Hair 毛〔发〕Hair cell 毛细胞Hair follicle 毛囊Hair papilla 毛乳头Hair plexus 毛丛Hair shaft 毛干Hallucination 幻觉Hallucinogen 致幻剂Hand lens 放大镜Haploid 单倍体Hard palate 硬腭Haversian canal 哈〔弗〕氏管Hay fever 枯草热,花粉病Head 头Hearing 听〔觉〕Heart 心〔脏〕Heart cycle 心搏周期Heart failure 心力衰竭Heart muscle 心〔脏〕肌Heart sound 心音Heartbeat 心搏Heartbeat rate 心搏率Heat cramp 热痉挛Heat receptor 热觉感受器Heat stroke 中暑Hematocrit 血细胞比容﹔血细胞容量计Heparin 肝素Hepatic artery 肝动脉Hepatic portal vein 肝门静脉Hepatic vein 肝静脉Hepatitis 肝炎Herb 草本植物Herbicide 除莠剂﹔除草剂Herbivore 草食性动物Hereditary disease 遗传〔性疾〕病Hereditary 遗传Hermaphrodite 雌雄同体Hermit crab 借居蟹Heroin 海洛因Herpes 疹Heterotroph 异养生物Heterotrophic nutrition 异养营养Heterozygote 杂合子Heterozygous 杂合的High power objective 高倍〔接〕物镜Hind brain 后脑Hinge joint 铰链关节Hip girdle 腰带Hip joint 髋关节Histamine 组〔织〕胺Historgram 直方图Histology 组织学Homeostasis 体内平衡Homeostatic mechanism 体内平衡机制Hominoid 人科Homo sapiens 智人Homoiotherm 恒温动物Homoiothermy 恒温Homologous chromosomes 同源染色体Homozygote 纯合子Homozygous 纯合的HookHormonal coordination 激素协调Hormone 激素Host 寄主Human growth curve 人类生长曲Human species 人种Human torso 人体躯干模型Humerus 肱骨,上膊骨Humus 腐殖质Humus tank 腐殖质池Hyaline cartilage 透明软骨Hydrilla 黑藻Hydrocarbon 碳氢化合物Hydrochloric acid 盐酸Hydrogencarbonate indicator 碳酸氢盐指示剂Hydrogen peroxide 过氧化氢Hydrogen sulphide 硫化氢Hydrolysis 水解作用Hymen 处女膜Hypermetropia (longsight) 远视Hypertension 高血压Hypertonic solution 高渗溶液Hyperventilation 过度换气Hypha 菌丝Hypnotic 催眠药Hypochondria 疑病(症) Hypodermal injection 皮下注射Hypothalaums 下丘脑Hypothermia 低温Hypothesis 假说Hypotonic solution 低渗溶液Hysteria 病,歇斯底里IIce bath 冰浴Ileum 回肠Iliac artery 髂骨动物,肠骨动脉Ilium 髂骨,肠骨Immovable joint 不动关节Immune response 免疫反应Immunity 免疫〔性〕Immunization 免疫接种作用﹔免疫法Immunization programme 免疫计划Implantation 植入Impulse 脉冲Incisor 门齿,切齿Inclusion 内含体Incomplete dominance 不完全显性Incubation period 潜伏期Incubator 恒温箱Incus 砧骨Indigestion 消化不良Individual 个体Infancy 婴儿期Infection 传染Infectious disease 传染病Inferior vena cava 下腔大静脉Inflammation 炎〔症〕Inflammatory response 炎性反应Influenza 流行性感冒Ingestion 摄食Inhalation 吸气Inheritance 遗传Injection 注射Inner ear 内耳Inoculating loop 接种环Inoculating needle 接种针Inoculation 接种Insect 昆虫Insecticide 杀虫剂Insemination 授精Insertion, tendon 肌止Inspiration 吸气Insulin 胰岛素Integration 整合作用Intelligence quotient (IQ) 智商Intercostal muscle 肋间肌Interferon 干扰素Internal fertilization 体内受精Internal respiration 内呼吸Interneurone 中间神经元Interstitial cell 间质细胞Intertidal zone 潮间带Intervertebral disc 椎间盘Intestinal gland 肠腺Intestinal juice 肠液Intestine 肠Intoxication 中毒Intracellular 细胞内的Intracellular enzyme 细胞内Intracellular fluid 〔细〕胞内液Intra-uterine device (IUD) 子宫环Intravenous injection 静注射Invertebrate 无椎动物Involuntary 不随意的Involuntary muscle 不随意肌Iodine 碘Iodine solution 碘液Iodine test 碘液试验Iris 虹膜Iris diaphragm 虹膜式光栏Irritability 感应性Irritant 刺激物Ischium 坐骨Inshihara test 石原氏视力试验Islets of Langerhans 胰岛Isotonic 等渗的Isotonic solution 等渗溶液JJar 瓶Jaw 颚Jejunum 空肠Joint 关节Joint capsule 关节囊Joule (J) 焦耳Jugular vein 颈静脉KKaposis sarcoma 卡波济肉瘤Karyotype 核型图Katabolism 分解代谢Keratin 角蛋白Key 检索表Kidney 肾〔脏〕Kidney tubule 肾小管Kilojoule (KJ) 千焦耳Kingdom 界Knee 膝Knee cap 膝盖Knee jerk reflex 膝跃反射Knee joint 膝关节Krause end bulb 球状终球Kwashiorkor 加西卡,蛋白缺乏病Kymograph转筒记录器LLabel 标记,标签Labium 唇Labour 分娩Lachrymal duct 泪管Lachrymal gland 泪腺Lactase 乳糖Lactation 泌乳作用Lacteal 乳糜管Lactic acid 乳酸Lactobacillus acidophilus 嗜乳酸杆菌Lactose 乳糖Lancet 刺血针Large intestine 大肠Larva 幼虫Larynx 喉Leaching 淋溶Lead acetate paper 醋酸铅试纸Lecithin 卵磷脂Leech 蚂蟥Leguminous plant豆科植物Lemur 狐猴Lens 晶〔状〕体Leprosy 麻疯Lesion 损害,病损Leucocyte 白细胞,白血球Leukaemia 白血病Level of organization 组织层次Librium 利眠宁Lice 虱Lichen 地衣Life cycle 生命史,生命周期Life history 生命史,生命周期Ligament 韧带Limb 肢Limb bone 肢骨Limb water 石灰水LimpetLinkage 连锁Lipase 脂〔肪〕Lipid 脂类Liver 肝〔脏〕Liver fluke 肝吸虫,肝蛭Liverwort 苔Living organism 生命有机体Living system 生命系统Lochia 产褥排泄﹔恶露"Llock and key" hypothesis 锁钥假说Locus 位点Long bone 长骨Longitudinal muscle 纵肌Longitudinal section 纵切面Long sight 远视Loop of Henle 亨利氏套Low power objective 低倍〔接〕物镜Lower jaw 下颚Lower limb 下肢Lower limb bone 下肢骨LSD (lysergic acid diethylamine) 二乙麦角胺Lumbar vertebra 腰椎Lumen 腔Lung 肺〔脏〕Luteinizing hormone (LH) 促黄体素Lymph 淋巴Lymph capillary 淋巴微管Lymph circulation 淋巴循环Lymph duct 淋巴管Lymph flow 淋巴流Lymph gland 淋巴腺Lymph node 淋巴结Lymph vessel 淋巴管Lymphatic 淋巴的Lymphatic system 淋巴系统Lymphatic valve 淋巴管瓣Lymphocyte 淋巴细胞,淋巴球Lymphoid tissue 淋巴组织Lysin 〔细胞〕溶素Lysozyme 溶菌MMac Conkey agar plate 麦康基氏琼脂平面Macrophage 巨噬细胞Maggot 蛆Malaria 疟疾Male 男性Malignant tumour 恶性肿瘤Malleus 锤骨Malnutrition 营养不良Malpighian corpuscle 马〔尔皮基〕氏球Malpighian layer 马〔尔皮基〕氏层Maltase 麦芽糖Maltose 麦芽糖Mammal 哺乳动物Mammary gland 乳腺Mania 躁狂Manometer 液体压强计Mantoux test 结核菌素皮内试验Marasmus 消瘦Marijuana 大麻Marrow (1) 髓,(2) 骨髓Maternal care 孕妇保健Matrix 基质Maturation 成熟Maturity (1) 成熟,(2) 成熟度Measles 麻疹Mayfly nymph 蜉蝣若虫Measuring cylinder 量筒Mechanism 机制﹔机理Medical ward 内科病房Medium (1) 培养基(2) 介质Medulla 髓〔质〕Medulla oblongata 延脑,延髓Medullated nerve fibre 有髓鞘神经纤维Meiosis 减数分裂Meissner corpuscle 梅〔斯纳〕氏小体Melanin 黑色素Melanocyte 黑素细胞Membranous labyrinth 膜迷路Meninx 脑膜Meninges 脑膜Meningitis 脑膜炎Menopause 绝经Menstrual cycle 月经周期Menstruation, menses 月经Mental derangement 精神错乱Mental health 心理健康Mental illness 精神病Mental retardation 弱智Mercury 汞Mercury poisoning 汞中毒Mesenteric artery 肠系膜动脉Mesentery 肠系膜Messenger RNA 信使核糖核酸Metabolic activity 代谢活动Metabolic disorder 代谢失调Metabolism 代谢作用Metabolite 代谢物Metacarpal 掌骨Metaphosphoric acid 偏磷酸Metaphysis 干端Metatarsal 跖骨Methadone 美沙酮Methylene blue 亚甲蓝Methy-red 甲基红Microbe 微生物Microorganism 微生物Microprojector 显微投影器Microscope 显微镜Microvillus 微绒毛Micturition 排尿Midbrain 中脑Middle ear 中耳Midlife 中年期Milk dentition 乳齿〔齿〕系Milk teeth 乳齿Millipede 马陆,千足虫Minamata disease 水病Mineral 矿物质MiteMitochondrion 粒体Mitosis 有丝分裂Mitral valve 僧帽瓣Molar 臼齿Mongoloid 黄种,蒙古人种Monkey 猴Monoculture 单种裁培Monocyte 单核白〔血〕细胞,单核白血球Monoglyceride 甘油酯Monohybrid 单基因杂种Monoploid 单倍体Monosaccharide 单糖Monosodium glutamate 麦夫胺酸钠,谷氨酸钠Mood altering drug 改变情绪药物Morphine 吗啡Morphology 形态学Mortar and pestle 研钵及研杵Moss 藓Motor ability 动作能力Motor area 运动区Motor end plate 运动终板Motor nerve 运动神经Motor nerve ending 运动神经末梢Motor nerve fibre 运动神经纤维Motor neurone 运动神经元Mould 霉〔菌〕,霉〔菌〕Mounting needle 装片针Mouth cavity 口腔Movable joint 活动关节Movement 运动Mucosa 黏膜Mucothermic method 基〔层体〕温避孕法Mucous membrane 黏膜Mucus 黏液Multicellular 多细胞的Multiple allele 复等位基因Mumps 流行性腮腺炎Muscle 肌〔肉〕Muscle bundle 肌束Muscle cell 肌细胞Muscle contraction 肌肉收缩Muscle fibre 肌纤维Muscle tone 肌紧张Musclar layer 肌肉层Musclar system 肌肉系统Mushroom 菇类Mussel 贻贝Mutation 突变Mutualism 互利共生Mycelium 菌丝体Mycobacterium tuberculosis 结核杆菌Myelin 髓磷酯,髓鞘质Myelin sheath 髓鞘Myelinated nerve 有髓神经Myopia 近视Myxodema 黏液性水肿NNail 趾甲,指甲Narcissism 自恋Narcosis 痲醉Narcotic 痲醉剂Narrow spectrum antibiotic 狭谱抗生素Nasal cavity 鼻腔Nasal septum 鼻隔Natality 出生率Natural immunity 天然免疫Nausea 恶心Neck 颈Neck vertebra 颈椎Negroid 黑种,尼格罗种Neisseria gonorrhoeae 淋球菌Nematode 虫Neomycin 新霉(霉)素Nephron 肾元Nerve 神经Nerve cell 神经细胞Nerve ending 神经末梢Nerve fibre 神经纤维Nerve impulse 神经脉冲Nervous coordination 神经协调Nervous system 神经系统Nervous system 神经组织Nervous tissue 神经弓Neural arch 神经管Neural canal 神经管Neural spine 神经棘Neurilemma 神经膜,神经鞘Neurone 神经元Neurosis 神经机能病,神经〔官能〕症Neurotransmitter 神经递质Nicotine 烟碱Nicotinic acid 烟酸Night-blindness 夜盲症Nipple 乳头Nitrate bacteria 硝酸细菌Nitrification 硝化作用Nitrifying bacteria 硝化细菌Nitrite bacteria 亚硝酸细菌Nitrobacter 硝化细菌Nitrobacteria 硝化细菌Nitrogen cycle 氮循环Nitrogen fixation 固氮作用Nitrogen fixing bacteria 固氮细菌Nitrogenous waste 氮性废物Nitrosomonas 亚硝化单胞菌Nocturnal emission 梦遗Node of Ranvier 郎〔飞〕氏结Nodule, root 根瘤Nondegradable 非降解性Non-disjunction 不分离现象Non-medullated nerve 无髓神经Non-myelinated nerve 无髓神经Non-renewable resource 非再生资源Non-specific urethritis 非特异性尿道炎Nosepiece 物镜转换器Nostril 鼻孔Notifiable disease 应具报疾病Nuclear membrane 核膜Nuclear pore 核膜孔Nucleic acid 核酸Nucleolus 核仁Nucleoplasm 核质Nucleotide 核酸Nucleus 〔细胞〕核Nutrient 营养素,养份Nutrient agar 营养琼脂Nutrient agar plate 营养琼脂平面Nutrient broth 营养液体培养基Nutrient cycle 营养循环Nutrient medium 营养培养基Nutrition 营养作用Nutritional disease 营养病Nutritive cell 营养细胞OObesity 肥胖Objective 〔接〕物镜Obligate 专性Oblique muscle 斜肌Obstetrics 产科Occupation disease 职业病Odontoid process 齿状突Oedema 水肿Oesoophagus 食道Oestradiol 雌二醇Oestrogen 雌激素Oil globule 脂肪球Old sight 老视Olfactory lobe 嗅叶Olfactory nerve 嗅神经Oligosaccharide 低聚醣Omnivore 杂食性动物Oogenesis 卵子发生Operation theatre 手术室Opiate 鸦片制剂Opisthorchis chinensis 华支睪吸虫Opposable thumb 对生拇指Opposing muscle 拮抗肌Opsonin 调理素Optic lobe 视叶Optic center 视觉中心Optic nerve 视神经Optimum 最适度Optimum pH 最适酸碱度Optimum temperature 最适温度Oral anti-poliomyelitis vaccine 口服小儿麻痹剂Oran-gutan 猩猩Orbit 眶,眼窝Orcein 地衣红Order 目Organ 器官Organ of Corti 哥蒂氏器官,螺旋器Organelle 细胞器Organic matter 有机质Organic substance 有机物Organism 生物,有机体Origin, tendon 肌始Osmoreceptor 渗〔透〕压感受器Osmoregulation 渗透调节Osmosis 渗透作用Osmotic balance 渗透平衡Osmotic potential 渗透潜能,渗透势Osmotic pressure 渗透压Ossicle 小骨Ossification 骨化作用Osteocyte 骨细胞Otolith 耳石Outer ear 外耳Oval window 卵圆窗Ovarian follicle 卵泡Ovary 卵巢Oven 烘箱Oviduct 输卵管Oviduct funnel 输卵管漏斗Ovulation 排卵Ovum 卵〔细胞〕Oxidation 氧化作用Oxygen 氧Oxygen cycle 氧循环Oxygen cylinder 氧气钢筒Oxygen debt 氧债Oxygenated blood 含氧血Oxygenation 氧合作用Oxyhaemoglobin 氧合血红蛋白氧合血红素Oxytocin 催产素Ozone 臭氧Coagulation 凝固Coarse adjustment knob 粗调节器粗调焦手轮Cocaine 古柯可卡因Coccus 球菌Coccyx 尾骨Cochlea 耳蜗Codeine 可待因Codominance 等显性Coitus 性交Cold receptor 冷觉感受器Collagen 胶原〔蛋白〕Collagen fibre 胶原纤维Collar bone 锁骨Collecting duct 集尿管Colloid 胶体Colloidal fluid 胶状液Colon 结肠Colonization 集群现像Colony (1)集群,群体(2)菌落Colostrum 初乳Colour-bilindness 色盲Colour vision 色觉Coma 昏迷Commensalism 片利共生Common cold 伤风Communicable disease 传染病Community 群落Community health 社会健康Community health service 社康服务Compact bone 密质骨Competiton 竞争Concentration 浓度Concentraton gradient 浓度梯度Conception 受孕Condensation 缩合反应Condenser 聚光器Conditioned reflex 条件反射Conditioning 条件作用Condom 避孕套Condyle 骨突Cone cell 视锥细胞Congenital 先天的Conical flask 圆锥瓶Coniferous forest 针叶林Conjunctiva 结膜Conjunctivis 结膜炎Connective tissue 结缔组织Connector neurone 联合神经元,联系神经元Conservation 保护,保持Constipation 便秘Consumer 消费者Contagious disease 接触传染病Contamination 污染Continuous variation 连续变异Contour ploughing 等高耕作Contraception 避孕Contraceptive barrier 避孕屏障Contraceptive pill 避孕丸Contraction 收缩Control 对照Convulsion 抽搐Coordination 协调Coping 顺应Copper sulphate 硫酸铜Cork 木栓Cornea 角膜Cornified layer 角质层Coronary artery 冠状动脉Coronary circulation 冠状循环Coronary heart disease 冠心病Coronary thrombosis 冠状动脉血栓形成Coronary vein 冠状静脉Corpus callosum 胼胝体Corpus luteum 黄体Cortex 皮层,皮质Corynebacterium diphtheriae 伤寒杆菌Cotton swab 棉花棒Cotton wool 棉絮Cough suppressant 咳嗽遏抑剂Coughing 咳〔嗽〕Country park 郊野公园Cover slip 盖玻片Cowper's gland 高柏氏腺,尿道球腺Cowpox 牛痘Cramp 痉挛Cranial nerve 脑神经Cranium 颅Cretinism 呆小病Crop rotation 轮作Crossing over 互换,交换Crown, tooth 齿冠Crucible tong 坩埚钳Crustacean 甲壳类动物Culex 库蚊属Culture 培养物Culture bottle 培养瓶Culture medium 培养基Cusp 尖突Cyclop 剑水蚤Cyst 胞囊,囊Cytoplasm 细胞质Cytosine 胞嘧啶DDaugther 子代Dead space 无效空间Deamination脱胺作用﹔脱氨基作用Decant 倾注Decay 腐败Decibel (dB) 分贝Decidua 蜕膜Decomposer 分解者Decomposition 分解作用Decongestant 减充血剂Defaecation 排粪Deficiency disease 营养缺乏病Deforestation 滥伐〔林木〕Degeneration 退化Degenerative disease 退化病Degradation 降解作用Dementia 痴呆Demineralisation 脱矿质作用Denaturation 变性作用Denatured protein 变性蛋白Dendrite 树突Dendron 树突Denitrification反硝化作用﹔脱氮作用Denitrfying bacteria 反硝化细菌﹔脱氮细菌Dental caries 龋齿Dental floss 牙Dental formula 齿式Dentine 牙本质,象牙质Dentition 牙列Denture 牙托Deodorant 除臭剂Deoxygenated blood 缺氧血Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) 脱氧核糖核酸Deoxyribose 脱氧核糖Deprementia 精神抑郁Depressant 抑制药﹔镇静剂Depression 抑郁Dermal papilla 真皮乳头Dermatitis 皮〔肤〕炎Dermis 真皮Detergent 清洁剂Detoxication 解毒作用Detritus (1) 碎屑(2) 腐质Development 发育Diabetes mellitus 糖尿病Dialysis 透析作用Dialysis tubing 透析管Diaphragm (1) 横膈膜﹐(2) 光栏Diaphragm, contraceptive 子宫帽Diaphysis 骨干Diarrhoea 腹泻Diastole 心舒期Diastolic pressure 心舒压Diatom 硅藻Dichlorophenol indophenol (DCPIP) 二氯酚靛酚Diet 膳食Dietary fibre 食用纤维Dieting 节食Differential air thermometer 相异空气温度计Differential permeability 分别透性Differentially permeable membrane 分别透〔性〕膜Differentiation 分化作用Diffusion 扩化作用Digestion 消化作用Digestive enzyme 消化Digestive gland 消化腺Digestive system 消化液Digestive tract 消化系统Digit 趾Diglyceride 甘油二酯Dilate 扩张Dilirium tremens 颤抖性谵妄Dilute 稀释Dinoflagellate 双鞭藻Dioptre 屈光度Dip net 掬网Dipeptide 二Diphtheria 白喉Diplococcus pneumoniae 肺炎双球菌Diploid 二倍体Disaccharide 二糖Discharge 流出Discontinuous variation 不连续变异Disease carrier 疾病媒介物Disinfectant 消毒剂Dislocation 脱位Dispensary 配药房Dissecting microscope 解剖显微镜Dissecting needle 解剖针Dissecting scissors 解剖剪Dissecting tray 解剖盘Dissection 解剖Distal convoluted tubule 远曲小管Divider 针规Dominace 显性Dorsal root 背根Dorsal root ganglion 背根节Double circulation 双循环Double helix 双螺旋Down syndrome 唐氏综合症状Dragonfly nymph 蜻蜓若虫Dressing 敷料Droplet infection 飞沬传染Dropper 滴管Dropping bottle 滴瓶Dropping funnel 滴液漏斗Dropping pipette 滴管Drug 药〔物〕Drug abuse 滥用药物Drug dependence 药瘾Drug resistance 抗药性Drug therapy 药物治疗Drug tolerance 药物耐受性Duckweed (1) 浮萍(2) 青萍Ductless gland 无管腺Duodenal gland 十二指肠腺Duodenum 十二指肠Duplication 复制Dwarfism 侏儒Dysentery 痢疾Dysorganization 行为发展反常EEar 耳Ear drum 耳膜Ear fluid 耳液Ear lobe 耳垂Ear ossicle 听小骨Ear pinna 耳壳Ear stone 耳石Eardrum 鼓膜Ecological niche 生态位Ecological pyramid 生态塔Ecological succession 生态演替Ecology 生态学Ecosystem 生态系统Ectoparasite 外寄生物Effector 反应器Efferent arteriole输出小动脉Effluent 废水Egestion 排遗作用Egg 卵Egg membrane 卵膜Ejaculation 射精Ejaculatory duct 射精管Elastic fibre 弹性纤维Elastic tissue 弹性组织Elbow 肘Elbow joint 肘关节Electron micrograph 电子显微照片Electron microscope 电子显微镜Embolism 栓塞Embolus 栓子Embryo 胚胎Embryonic membrane 胎膜Emphysema 肺气肿Emulsification 乳化作用Emulsifier 乳化剂Emulsion 乳剂Emulsion test 乳剂试验Enamel 牙釉质,珐琅质End brush 刷状末梢Endangered species 濒危物种Endemic disease 地方病Endocrine gland 内分泌腺Endocrine system 内分泌系统Endolymph 内淋巴Endometrium 子宫内膜Endoparasite 内寄生物Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) 内质网Endoskeleton 内骨骼Endospore 内孢子Endothelium 内皮Energy flow 能量流Energy value 能量值Entamoeba histolytica 痢疾变形虫Enterokinase 肠激Environment 环境Environmental control环境控制Environment factor 环境因素Enzyme 素Enzyme specificity 专特性Epidemic disease流行病Epidermal cell 表皮细胞Epidermis 表皮Epidermophyton 表面癣菌属Epididymis 附睪Epiglottis 会厌〔软骨〕Epinephrine 肾上腺素EpiphysisEpiphyte 附生植物Epithelial cell 上皮细胞Epithelium 上皮Equatorial plate 赤道板Erectile tissue 勃起组织Erector 竖立肌Erepsin 肠蛋白Erosion 侵蚀Erythrocyte 红细胞,红血球Erythrosin 真曙红Escherichia coli (E.coli) 大肠杆菌Ethanoic acid 乙酸Ethanol 乙醇Ether 醚Eukaryote 真核生物Euphoria 精神愉快Eustachian tube 欧氏管,耳咽管Eutrophication 富养化作用Excreta 排泄物Excretion 排泄作用Excretory organ 排泄器官Excretory product 排泄物Excretory system 排泄系统Exhalation 呼气Exocrine gland 外分泌腺Exophthalmus goiter 突眼性甲状腺肿Expectorant 祛痰药Experiment 实验Expiration 呼气Exponential growth 指数增长Extensor 伸肌External auditory canal (meatus) 外耳道External ear 外耳Extracellular 细胞外的Extracellular fluid 〔细〕胞外液Extract 抽出液Eyeball 眼球Eyelid 眼睑Eyepiece 〔接〕目镜FFacultative 兼性Faeces 粪便Fallopian funnel 输卵管漏斗Fallopian tube 输卵管False rib 假肋Family 科Fat 脂肪Fat cell 脂肪细胞Fat soluble 脂溶性的Fatty acid 脂肪酸Fatty sheath 脂肪鞘Fatty tissue 脂肪组织Fauna 动物区系Feedback 反馈Feedback control 反馈控制Feedback mechanism 反馈机制Fehling's solution 菲令氏溶液Fehiling's test 菲令氏试验Female 女性Female sex hormone 女性激素Femoral artery 股骨动脉Femur 股骨Fenestra ovalis (oval window) 卵圆窗Fenestra rotunda (round window) 正圆窗Fermentation 发酵作用Fern 蕨Fertilization 受精作用Fertilization membrane 受精膜Fertilized egg 受精卵Fertilized ovum 受精卵Fertilizer 肥料Fibre 纤维Fibrin 纤维蛋白Fibrinogen 纤维蛋白原Fibrous tissue 纤维组织Fibula 腓骨Filter paper 滤纸Filtration 过滤法Fine adjustment knob 微调节器,微调焦轮Finger 指Finger bone 指骨First aid 急救术Fish 鱼Fissure 裂缝Fixative 固定剂Fixed joint 不动关节Flagellum 鞭毛Flaming 火灭菌Flatworm 扁虫类Flavour enhancer 味加强剂Flea 蚤Flexor 屈肌。
生物学专业英语词汇
Botany植物学Cell theory细胞学说 cell membrane细胞膜 nucleus 细胞核Organelle 细胞器 cell wall细胞壁 cytoplasm细胞质 protoplast原生质体cell cycle细胞周期 mitochondrion 线粒体photosynthesis光合作用 unit membrane 单位膜 chloroplast 叶绿体chlorophyll叶绿素 xanthophyll叶黄素carotene胡萝卜素 golgiosome高尔基体 ribosome 核糖体 lysosome溶酶体microfilament微丝 nuclear fission核分裂 reproduction繁殖 primary wall 初生壁 secondary wall次生壁 plasmodesma胞间连丝 mitosis有丝分裂amitosis无丝分裂 meiosis减数分裂 cytokinesis胞质分裂 interphase间期 prophase前期 metaphase中期 anaphase后期telophase末期 tissue组织 pistil 雌蕊 stamen雄蕊ovary子房 pollination传粉 pollen tube花粉管porogamy珠孔受精 chalazogamy合点受精 mesogamy中部受精apomixis无融合生殖 apogamy无配子生殖 patrogenesis孤雄生殖parthenogensis 孤雌生殖apospory无孢子生殖 pericarp果皮life history生活史 root system根系 main root主根 lateral root侧根 taproot system直根系 fibrous root system须根系 cortex皮层vascular cylinder 维管柱 pericycle中柱鞘 xylem ray 木射线 vascular ray 维管射线 phloem ray韧皮射线 root cap根冠 Casparian strip凯氏带 primary xylem初生木质部 primary phloem初生韧皮部 vascular ray 维管射线 xylem ray 木射线 phelloderm栓内层 phloem ray韧皮射线embryo胚homologous organ同源器官 analogous organ同功器官 endosperm胚乳seed coat种皮 radicle胚根 plumule胚芽 hypocotyl下胚轴cotyledon子叶 dormancy休眠 seed germination种子萌发eukaryote真核生物 prokaryote原核生物 algae藻类 blue-green algae蓝藻 trichogyne受精丝mucopolysaccharide黏多糖 gelatinous sheath 胶质鞘 exospore外生孢子heterosexual cell异性细胞 green algae绿藻 isogamy同配生殖 anisogamy异配生殖 anisogamy 卵式生殖 zygogamy 接合生殖haploid单倍体diploid二倍体 polyploid多倍体carposporophyte孢子体 brown algae褐藻 sea-tangle海带 agar琼脂 fungi菌类 parasitism寄生saprophytic腐生的 lichen 地衣 archegonium颈卵器 antheridium精子器 antiphyte孢子体gametophyte配子体 protonema原丝体 bryophyta 苔藓植物cruciferae十字花科vascular plants微管植物 aquatic plant水生植物 salicaceae杨柳科angiosperm被子植物 endoplasmic reticulum内质网 vegetative reproduction营养繁殖 intercellular layer胞间层phellogen& cork cambium木栓形成层 asexual reproduction无性繁殖sexual propagation有性繁殖 tetradynamous stamen四强雄蕊didynamous stamen二强雄蕊 monodelphous stamen单体雄蕊diadelphous stamen二体雄蕊 triadelphous stamen三体雄蕊polyadelphous stamens多体雄蕊synantherous stamen聚药雄蕊primary wall cells初生壁细胞 vegetative cell营养细胞male sterility雄性不育 filiform apparatus丝状器 meristem zone 分生区 elongation zone伸长区 maturation zone成熟区embryophyte有胚植物specific parasitism专性寄生 specific saprophyte专性腐生facultative parasitism兼性寄生 facultative saprophyte兼性腐生sexual generation有性世代 asexual generation无性世代Zoology动物学cell细胞 prokaryotic cell原核细胞 eukaryotic cell真核细胞protein蛋白质 nucleic acid核酸 carbohydrate糖lipid脂质 protoplasm原生质 inclusion内含物cell cycle细胞周期 pulmonary alveolus肺泡 flagellum鞭毛 food vacuole 食物泡 pinocytosis胞饮作用 fission裂体生殖 microgamete小配子zygote合子 microtubule微管 contraction silk 收缩丝 merogenesis 卵裂blastocoele 囊胚腔 complete cleavage完全卵裂 layering分层 cynapse 突触 myoneme肌丝 myocyte肌细胞 mesoglea中胶层 monoecism雌雄同体 dioecism雌雄异体 velum缘膜radial symmetry辐射对称 nerve net神经网 planula 浮浪幼虫bilateral symmetry两侧对称 mesoderm中胚层 tubule cell 管细胞 osmoregulation渗透调节 acetabulum 腹吸盘 oral sucker口吸盘 metacercaria囊蚴pseudocoel假体腔 cuticle角质膜cloacal pore泄殖孔 renette腺肾细 emunctory排泄管 resting egg休眠卵 metamere体节 metamerism分节现象 sense organ 感觉器 periostracum壳皮层 prismatic layer壳层 nacreous layer珍珠层veliger 面盘幼虫 glochidium 钩介幼虫 adductor闭壳肌segmentation异律分节 linear animal线形动物 pericardial cavity围心腔cervical vertebra颈椎 sacral vertebra荐椎pulmonary vein肺静脉 precaval vein 前腔静脉 bladder气囊middle ear中耳 tympanum cavity中耳腔 amnion羊膜neopallium新皮层 lagena 瓶状囊 wishbone叉骨postcaval vein后腔静脉 glandular stomach腺胃 air sac气囊salt gland盐腺 sclerotic ring 巩膜骨 viviparity胎生placenta胎盘 allantois尿囊 rumen瘤胃bursa of fabricius 腔上囊 masticatory stomach肌胃 reticulum网胃omasum瓣胃 abomasum皱胃 cochlea耳蜗earthworm蚯蚓 internal naris内鼻孔 amniota羊膜动物arthropod节肢动物 coelenterate腔肠动物 annelid环节动物cell membrane&plasma membrane细胞膜 epithelial tissue上皮组织connective tissue结缔组织 cartilage tissue软骨组织osseous tissue骨组织 muscular tissue肌肉组织cardiac muscle心肌 intercalated disc闰盘Nissl's body尼氏小体 colony &group群体meroblastic cleavage不完全卵裂 colonial theory 群体说gastrovascular cavity消化循环腔 muscle system肌肉体系excretory system排泄系统 reproductive system生殖系统digestive system消化系统 archinephric duct原肾管basal lamina & basal membrane基膜 cross-fertilization异体受精self-fertilization自体受精 final host终寄主first intermidate host第一中间寄主 semicircular canal半规管second intermediate host第二中间寄主Genetics遗传学heredity 遗传 variation 变异 gene 基因pisum sativum 豌豆segregation 分离 gamete 生殖细胞zygote 合子 allele 等位基因 genotype 基因型 phenotype 表现型test cross 测交 oryza sativa 水稻diploid 二倍体 haploid 单倍体 centromere 着丝粒satellite 随体 linker 连丝 mitosis 有丝分裂mesoblast中胚层 spindle 纺锤体 interphase 间期spindle fiber 纺锤丝vicia faba蚕豆 nucleoplasm 核质spermatogenous 精原细胞 oogonium 卵原细胞 spermatid 精细胞Phenocopy 拟表型 epistasis上位效应 mutant突变型gametic lethal配子致死 zygotic lethal合子致死 autosome 常染色体dominant lethal显性致死 carrier 携带者 homozygote 纯合体heterozygote 杂合体 genotype 基因型 phenotype 表现型linkage group 连锁群 interference 干涉 coincidence 并发率 genetic map 遗传学图 wild type野生型 mutation 突变heterokaryon 异核体auxotroph 营养缺陷型 strain 菌株recipient 受体 donor 供体 fragment 片段 induction 诱导prophage 原噬菌体 transduction 转导Mendel’s laws 孟德尔定律 law of segregation 分离定律first filial generation 子一代 parental generation 亲代dominant character 显性性状 recessive character 隐性性状hereditary determinant 遗传因子 parental combination 亲组合 recombination 重组合 punnett square 棋盘法Mendelian character 孟德尔性状 primary constriction 初级缢痕secondary constriction 次级缢痕 nucleolar organizer 核仁形成区first polar body 第一极体 second polar body 第二极体sister chromatids 姐妹染色单体 female gametic nucleus 卵核multiple alleles 复等位基因 sex-chromosome性染色体sex-linked inheritance 伴性遗传 primary constriction 初级缢痕secondary constriction 次级缢痕 complementary gene互补基因homologous chromosome 同源染色体 sister chromatids 姐妹染色单体secondary oocyte 次级卵母细胞 three-point testcross 三点测交primary spermatocyte 初级精母细胞secondary spermatocyte 次级精母细胞first division segregation 第一次分裂分离second division segregation 第二次分裂分离law of independent assortment 自由组合定律Biochemistry 生物化学essential element必需元素 trace elements微量元素 proteoglycan蛋白聚糖amino acid氨基酸 primary structure 一级结构 random coil无规卷曲structural domain 结构域 subunit亚基 degeneration变性adenine腺嘌呤guanine鸟嘌呤 cytosine胞嘧啶thymine胸腺嘧啶 uracil尿嘧啶nucleoside 核苷nucleotide核苷酸 base pairing碱基配对 base pair碱基对数base碱基数 gyrase旋转酶 nucleosome核小体complementary DNA互补DNA plasmid质粒 transposons转座子repetitive sequence重复序列 exon外显子 intron内含子variable loop可变环 ribonuclease核糖核酸酶 renaturation复性hyperchromic effect增色效应 base stacking force碱基堆积力 annealing退火melting-out temperature熔解温度 hypochromic effect减色效应 maltose麦芽糖sucrose蔗糖 lactose乳糖 starch淀粉glycogen糖原 cellulose纤维素 cellulase纤维素酶selectivity选择性substrate底物 holoenzyme全酶cofactor辅因子 coenzyme辅酶oxidase氧化酶metabolism新陈代谢 assimilation同化作用 catabolism异化作用metabolite代谢产物 biological oxidation 生物氧化 cytochrome细胞色素rotenone鱼藤酮 amytal阿密妥 antimycin A抗霉素Acyanide氰化物 glycolysis糖酵解 ethanol乙醇citrate柠檬酸 cis-aconitate 顺乌头酸 succinic acid琥珀酸oxaloacetic acid草酰乙酸 acetyl-coenzyme乙酰辅酶 fumarate延胡索酸glyoxylate cycle 乙醛酸循环 malate苹果酸 fatty acid 脂肪酸carbon unit一碳单位 replicon复制子 core enzyme 核心酶primosome引发体 Okazaki fragment冈崎片段 leading chain 前导链lagging strand后随链terminator终止子 telomere端粒telomerase端粒酶 replication fork复制叉vector载体promoter启动子 terminator终止子 operon操纵子codon密码子 degeneracy简并性 hormone激素citric acid cycle 柠檬酸循环 deamination脱氨基作用 urea cycle尿素循环euchromatin常染色质 messenger RNA信使RNAtransfer RNA转移RNA ribosome RNA核糖体RNAmetabolic regulation代谢调节 feedback regulation反馈调节structural gene结构基因 promoter gene启动基因operator gene操纵基因 regulator gene调节基因termination factor终止因子 triplet code三联体密码initiator codon起始密码 termination codon终止密码semiconservative replication半保留复制 ornithine cycle鸟氨酸循环ketogenic amino acid生酮氨基酸 glucogenic amino acid生糖氨基酸oxidative deamination氧化脱氨作用 transamination转氨基作用reverse transcription逆转录 decarboxylation脱羧作用semidiscontinuous replication半不连续复制 reverse transcriptase 逆转录酶missense mutation错义突变 synonymous mutation同义突变neutral mutation中性突变 nonsense mutation无义突变phosphatidic acid 磷脂酸 essential amino acids 必需氨基酸dihydrouracil loop二氢尿嘧啶环 anticodon loop反密码子环double-strand circular DNA 双链环形DNA superhelical DNA 超螺旋DNA open circular DNA 开环DNA linear DNA 线形DNAbase stacking force 碱基堆积力 secondary structure二级结构super-secondary structure超二级结构 tertiary structure三级结构quaternary structure四级结构 negative supercoil DNA负超螺旋DNA positive supercoil DNA正超螺旋DNAGlyceraldehyde-3-phosphate甘油醛-3-二磷酸glucogenic and ketogenic amino acid生糖兼生酮氨基酸restriction endonuclease限制性内切酶polymerase chain reaction聚合酶链反应Microbiology微生物学living creatures 生物 culture medium 培养基 lawn菌苔culture plate 培养平板 bacteria 细菌 archaea 古生菌 eukaryote真核生物 prokaryote 原核生物 protozoan 原生动物hypha 菌丝 mycoplasma 支原体 yeast 酵母菌 plasmolysis 质壁分离Escherichia Coli大肠杆菌 murein胞壁质 peptidoglycan 肽聚糖 mucopeptide 黏肽 outer membrane外膜 chromosome染色体 nucleolus 核仁nucleoid 拟核chromatin 染色质 centromere 着丝粒 telomere 端粒 protoplast 原生质体mycoplasma 支原体 glycoprotein 糖蛋白mesosome 间体 cytoplasm细胞质 megnetosome磁小体 nucleoid拟核glycocalyx 糖被 capsule 荚膜flagellum 鞭毛 lysosome 溶酶体 chloroplast 叶绿体 thylakoid类囊体inorganic salt 无机盐 peptone 蛋白胨sulfur bacteria 硫细菌 beef extract牛肉膏 vitamin 维生素 inclusion body 内含物 lithotroph 无机营养型 medium 培养基agar 琼脂 organotroph 有机营养型 antiport 逆向运输active transport 主动运输 pinocytosis 胞饮作用 catabolism 分解代谢passive transport 被动运输 uniport 单向运输 anabolism 合成代谢 fermentation发酵batch culture 分批培养 log phase 对数生长期stationary phase 稳定生长期 lag phase 迟缓期 decline phase衰亡期aerobe 好氧菌 antibiotic 抗生素 antigenome 反基因组transformation 转化 genome 基因组 plasmid 质粒transforming factor 转化因子 diploid 二倍体 haploid 单倍体transposable element 转座因子 conjugation接合作用 transposon转座子phenotype 表型 genotype基因型 auxotroph营养缺陷型 wild-type野生型transition 转换 transversion 颠换spontaneous mutation 自发突变 reverse mutation 回复突变 sexduction 性导transduction 转导 promoter 启动子 operon 操纵子recombination repair 重组修复 repressor 阻遏蛋白 corepressor辅阻遏物clone 克隆 denaturation 变性 annealing 退火 extension 延伸cloning vector 克隆载体 replicon 复制子telomere 端粒 cohesive end 黏性末端 promoter 启动子 terminator 终止子gene therapy 基因治疗 phylogeny 系统发育ammonification 氨化作用 nitrification 硝化作用 denitrification 反硝化作用expression vector 表达载体aerobic respiration有氧呼吸 anaerobic respiration无氧呼吸origin of replication 复制起始点 incompatibility 不亲和性 gene mutation 基因突变 synonymous mutation 同义突变chromosomal aberration 染色体畸变 missense mutation 错义突变 frame-shift mutation 移码突变 lactose operon 乳糖操纵子negative transcription control 负转录调控 tryptophan operon 色氨酸操纵子cytoplasmic inheritance 细胞质遗传 genetic engineering 基因工程recombinant DNA technology 重组DNA技术 palindromic structure 回文结构spread plate method 涂布平板法 pour plate method 倾注培养法 streak plate method 平板划线法 shake tube method 稀释摇管法continuous culture 连续培养。
【良心出品】常用生物学专业英语词汇
acceptor 受体acetyl 乙酰基actin 肌动蛋白actinomycinD 放线菌素Dactivation 活化；激活active site 活性中心adenine 腺嘌呤adenosine 腺嘌呤核苷adenosyl 腺苷的adenovirus 腺病毒adhering junctings 粘着连接adhesion 粘着；附着adjacent 毗邻的adrenal肾上腺的, 肾上腺aggregate 聚合体albumin 白蛋白，清蛋白allelc 等位基因amphibian 两栖动物amphipathic 两亲的两性的amylase 淀粉酶anaerobic 厌氧的analysis 分析，分解analyze 分析anaphase (细胞分裂的)后期anaphase-promoting complex, APC 促后期复合物anarogen 雄激素anatomy 解剖学anionic 阴离子的appropriate 适当的approximately 近似地，大约artificial chromosome 人工染色体asymmetric 不对称的bacteria 细菌bacterial artificial chromosome, BAC 细菌人工染色体bacteriophage 噬菌体binal 双重的，两倍的，孪生的binding 结合位点cardiovascular 心血管的cell secretion细胞分泌centrifuge 离心机cholesterol 胆固醇chromatid 染色单体chromatin 染色质chromatography 层析clone 克隆，无性系coenzyme 辅酶competitive inhibitor 竞争性抵制剂cross-linked 交联的cushion 缓冲缓和cyclin 细胞周期蛋白cytochrome 细胞色素cytomembrane systeme 膜系统cytoplasm 细胞质cytoskeleton 细胞骨架denaturation 变性dendrite 树突deoxyribonucleic acid 脱氧核糖核酸deoxyribose 脱氧核糖dextran 葡聚糖dialysis 透析，渗析differential centrifugation 差速离心differentiation 分化diffusion 扩散，渗滤dilute 稀释dimer 二聚体donor 供体duplicate 复制dynamic 动力学的，动态的dyneins 动力蛋白electrophoresis 电泳embryo 胚，胚胎endocrine 内分泌endocytic 细胞内吞作用endocytosis 胞吞作用endoplasmic reticulum内质网envelope 包膜，包被epinephrine 肾上腺素estrogen 雌激素ethical 伦理的，道德的evolution 进化，进展exon exotron 外显子extracellular 细胞外的extract v. 抽提ferredoxin 铁氧化还原蛋白fibroblast 成纤维细胞filtration 过滤作用function 功能，作用fungi 真菌fusion 融合，融合体galactose 半乳糖galactosidase 半乳糖苷酶galactoside 半乳糖苷Golgi body 高尔基体Golgi complex高尔基复合体haploid 单倍体hereditary 遗传histone 组蛋白homogenizer 匀浆器homologous 同源的hormone 激素hydrophilic 亲水的hydrophobic 疏水的identical 完全相同的，同一的immune 免疫的immunoglobulin 免疫球蛋白insulin 胰岛素integrate 整合lysosome 溶酶体lysozyme 溶菌酶lytic 裂解的macrophage 巨噬细胞marrow 髓，骨髓matrix 基质microfilament 微丝modification 修饰，修改monomer 单体neuron 神经元neurotransmitter 神经递质neutral 中性的noncoding 非编码的Nuclear envelope 核膜nucleosome 核小体核粒nucleotide核苷酸nucleus 细胞核oligomer 寡聚体，低聚体oligosaccharide 寡糖oncogene 癌基因operon 操纵子optimal 最适宜的，最理想的organelle 细胞器，类器官organism 生物体，有机体organize 使成有机体organogenesis 器官发生ovary 子房，卵巢paternal 父方的父系的Phagocytosis 吞噬作用phagocytize 吞噬pivotal中枢的，关键的prolong 延长prosthetic辅基protease蛋白酶regulator gene 调节基因resin 树脂ribonucleic 核糖核酸ribose 核糖ribosomal RNA 核糖体RNA ribosome 核糖体rotational 旋转的somatic 体细胞的sonication 超声处理splice 剪接spontaneous 自发的steroid 类固醇stroma 间质structural gene 结构基因supercoil 超螺旋supernatant 上清液telemere 端粒termination 终止terminator 终止子thrombin 凝血酶thromboplastin 促凝血酶原激酶thylakoid 类囊体thymine 胸腺嘧啶thymus 胸腺thyroid 甲状腺的，甲状腺thyroid-stimulating hormone 甲状腺刺激素thyroxine 甲状腺素toxicity 毒性toxin 毒素tranposon 转座子trans-acting factor 反式作用因子transcription 转录transform 改变，转化transformation 转化translation 翻译，平移translocation 易位，转位，转运translocators 易位子transmission 传送，遗传triglyceride 甘油三酯tumor 肿瘤，瘤ultracentrifuge 超速离心机ultraviolet 紫外线vaccine 疫苗viruses 病毒YAC酵母人工染色体zinc 锌zygote 合子，受精卵接种环 inoculating loop灭菌器syringe filters保鲜膜cling film烧杯beaker称量纸 weighing paper磁力搅拌器magnetic stirring匀浆器 homogenixer摇床 shaker分光光度计 spectrophotometer白细胞介素 interleulins（ILs）抗原 antigens半抗原 haptens佐剂 adjuvants免疫球蛋白 Immunoglobulin（Ig）单克隆抗体 monoclonal antibodies干扰素 interferons（IFN）集落刺激因子colony-stimulating factor （CSF）转化生长因子transforming growth factors(TGF)非特异性免疫 nonspecific immunity自然杀伤性细胞 NK cells细胞因子 cytokine （CK）树突细胞 dendritic cell（DC）完全培养基complete medium基本培养基minimal medium发酵工程 Fermentation Engineering酶工程 Enzyme engineering基因工程 Genetic engineering生物工程产品工艺学technology of bioengineering products医学免疫学 Medical immunology。
(完整版)常用生物学专业英语词汇
Aabdomen 腹部abdominal 腹部的abiotic 非生物的abnormal 反常的，变态的abscisic 脱落酸abscission 脱落absorb 吸收（水、热、光等) absorption spectrum 吸收光谱，吸收谱absorption 吸收作用abut 连接accelerate 加速,加快acceptable 可接受的acceptor 受体acetate 醋酸盐;醋酸根acetone 丙酮acetyl 乙酰基acorn 橡树子acquire［o’kwaio)uJ．获得，取得 ．actin 肌动蛋白actinomycinD 放线菌素D activation 活化；激活activationenergy 活化能active site 活性中心active 主动的；活性的adapt 使适应,改编 适应adaptin 衔接蛋白adaptive radiation 适应辐射adenine 腺嘌呤adenosine 腺嘌呤核苷adenosyl 腺苷的adenovirus 腺病毒adhering junctings 粘着连接adhesion 粘着；附着adipose 脂肪多的adjacent 毗邻的adjust 调节，调整；校正admit 让……进入adolescent 青少年adrenal肾上腺的， 肾上腺adulthood 成年affinity 亲和；吸引agar 琼脂，洋菜agarose 琼脂糖agency 媒介agent 剂aggregate 聚合体Agrobacterium tumefaciens根癌农杆菌airborne 空气传播的alanine 丙氨酸albino 白化体albumin 白蛋白，清蛋白aldosterone 醛固酮，醛甾酮allcviate 减轻；缓和allelc 等位基因allele 等位基因 突变遗传因子allosteric modification 别构修饰allosteric 别构的aloft 向上Alzheimer’s disease阿尔茨海默氏病amino 氨基的 ～acid氨基酸aminocyclopropylcarboxylic氨基环丙烷羧酸aminopeptidase 氨基肽酶amnion 羊膜amoeboid 阿米巴样的amphibian 两栖动物amphipathic 两亲的 两性的amphiploid 双倍体amplify 扩增amylase 淀粉酶anaerobic 厌氧的anal 肛门的,臀的analogous 机能相似的， 同功的analysis 分析，分解analyze 分析anaphase （细胞分裂的）后期anaphase—promoting complex,APC 促后期复合物anarogen 雄激素anatomy 解剖学ancestor 祖先ancient 古老（的生物) 古老的anemia 贫血（症) 局部缺血angiosperm 被子植物anionic 阴离子的antagonistic 对抗性的antagonize 对抗；中和antennae 触角anterior 前的anther 花药anticodon 反密码子antidiuretiC 抗利尿的 抗利尿anus 肛门anus 肛门aorta 主动脉apex （复）apices 顶，顶点apparatus 体；器官;装置appendicitis 阑尾炎appendix 阑尾appetlte 食欲，胃口appreciable 可估计的appropriate 适当的approximately 近似地,大约archaebacteria 古细菌archaic 古代的arterial 动脉的arteriole 小动脉artery 动脉arthritis 关节炎artificial chromosome 人工染色体aspartic 天冬氨酸astrocyte 星形(神经胶质），细胞asymmetric 不对称的atmosphere 大气层，大气圈atrium 心房autocatalytic 自动催化的autonomic neuron 自主神经元autonomously replicatingsequence A RS自主复制起序列autophagy 自噬作用axon 轴突axoplasm 轴浆Bbacillus 杆菌bacteria 细菌bacterial artificialchromosome， B AC 细菌人工染色体bacteriophage 噬菌体bacterium 细菌basal cell carcinoma 基层细胞癌base 碱基basement membrane 基膜bicarbonate 碳酸氢盐bilateral symmetry 两侧对称bilayer 双层binal 双重的，两倍的,孪生的binding 结合位点binomial 双名的biochemical 生物化学的biogeography 生物地理学biology 生物学biotechnology 生物技术biotic 生物的bipedal 两足动物的bipolar 双极的blastocoele 囊胚腔blastoderm 胚盘blastomere 卵裂球blastula 囊胚blister水疱，疱blood pressure 血压blood-clotting 凝血boron 硼botanist 植物学家botanist 植物学家boulder 巨砾，圆石bounce 跳起breeze 微风bryophytes 苔藓类植物bud 芽buffer 缓冲,缓冲剂bulb 鳞茎bulky 泡状bumble 犯大错bump 碰,撞bundle 维管束bunting 巫鸟buoyancy 浮力buoyant 有浮力的butanol 丁醇Ccaecilian 无足类caffeine 咖啡因cambium 形成层Cambrian 寒武纪cancerous 癌的capillary bed 毛细血管床capillary 毛细血管capsid (病毒)衣壳carbohydrate 碳水化合物，糖类carbonate 碳酸盐carboxy 羧基carboxylation 羧化作用carboxypeptidase 羧肽酶carcinogen 致癌剂carcinoma 癌cardiovascular 心血管的carotenoid 类胡萝卜素carotid 颈动脉的carpel 心皮catalyze 催化catecholamine 儿茶酚胺cateract 白内障cell secretion细胞分泌cell wall 细胞壁cellulose 纤维素,植物纤维物质Cenozoic 新生代centiped 少足类central dogma 中心法则central vacuole 中央液泡centrifuge 离心机centriole 中心粒centromere 着丝粒,着丝点centromeric sequence C EN着丝粒序列cephalization 头部形成cerebellum 小脑cerebral 大脑的champion 拥护者channel通道,管道chemotaxis 趋化性chlorine 氯，氯气chlorofluorocarbon 含氯氟烃chlorophyll 叶绿素chlorophyllase 叶绿素酶chloroplast 叶绿体chloroquine 氯奎choke 窒息，噎cholesterol 胆固醇chordate 脊索动物chorion 绒毛膜chromatid 染色单体chromatin 染色质chromatography 层析chromosome 染色体chylomicron 乳糜小滴chyme 食糜chymotripisn 糜蛋白酶chysophyte 金藻chytrids 壶菌cicada 蝉ciliated 具纤毛的Ciliophora 纤毛门circadian 全天的circulate 循环，环流circumstance 环境cis-acting element 顺式作用元件cis-G olgi network, C GN高尔基内侧网络cistron 顺反子citric 柠檬的clathrin-coated vesicle 披网格蛋白小泡cleavage 卵裂,细胞分裂cleave 分开clone 克隆，无性系clot 凝块cloverleaf 三叶草club fungi珊瑚菌担子菌（B asidiomycetes)coccus 球菌coccyx 尾骶骨的 尾骨code 密码coelom 体腔coenzyme 辅酶coexist 共存coherent 粘着的，连贯的coil 卷，盘绕coincidence 巧合coleoptile 胚芽鞘collagen 骨胶原，成胶质collateral 侧支collenchyma 厚角组织commensalisms 共栖，共生competitive inhibitor 竞争性抵制剂complementary 互补的，补充的concentration 浓度connective tissue 结缔组织constitutive enzyme 组成酶Constitutive secretory pathway 组成型分泌途径contaminant 沾染物contour 轮廓,外形contractile 可收缩的contraction 收缩convulsion 惊厥coolant 冷却剂C O P II coated vesicles C O P II 被膜小泡C O P I coated vesicles C O P I被膜小泡copulate 交配cord 索cork 皮层，木栓cornea 角膜cortex 皮质corticosteroid 皮质甾类cortisol 肾上腺皮质索cotyledon 子叶cotyledonary 子叶的counterpart 副本，复本covalence 共价covalent bond 共价键covalent 共价covering 覆盖cranial nerves 脑神经cranial 脑的crawl 蠕动creature 生物crenate 圆齿状的crest 达到顶点cretaceous 白垩纪的crevice 裂缝crispnsee 脆，鲜嫩cristae 嵴 （拉）crossing over 遗传物质的交换cross—linked 交联的crustacea 浮游甲壳动物crustacean 甲壳动物crystalline 结晶的culture 培养，栽培cushione 缓冲 缓和cuticle 表皮，角质层cutin 角质cyanobacteria 蓝细菌cyclin 细胞周期蛋白cyclin-dependent proteinkinases, CD K 细胞周期依赖性蛋白激酶cytochrome 细胞色素cytokinin 细胞分裂素cytomembrane systeme 膜系统cytoplasm 细胞质cytosine 胞嘧啶cytoskeleton 细胞骨架cytosol 胞液，细胞溶质Ddaughter chromosome 子染色体debris 碎片decipher 破译decomposer 分解者degenerate 变性degrade 使降解deletion 染色体的缺失denaturation 变性dendrite 树突deoxyribonucleic acid 脱氧核糖核酸deoxyribonucleic脱氧核糖核酸的deoxyribose 脱氧核糖deposition 沉积作用deprive 剥夺deprive 夺去derevative 衍生物desensitization脱敏现象，减感作用detergent 去垢剂deuterostome 后口动物development 发育，发展dextran 葡聚糖dialysis 透析，渗析diaphragm 横隔膜diastolic 心脏舒张的diatom 硅藻differential centrifugation差速离心differentiation 分化diffraction 衍射diffusion 扩散，渗滤digestive tract 消化道dihybrid 双因子杂种dilute 稀释dimensional 维,度，元dimer 二聚体dioxide 二氧化物dip 浸，蘸dipeptide 二肽diploid 二倍体的distort 变形，扭曲distortion 畸变，变形，失真divergence 分歧diverse vesicle 消化泡diversity 多样性，差异Docking protein， DP 停泊蛋白dodecyl 十二烷基dominant 显性的，显性性状donor 供体dormant 休眠的dorsal 背面的dorsal root ganglion背根神经节dorsal 背部的double helix 双螺旋duodenum 十二指肠duplicate 复制dynamic 动力学的，动态的dyneins 动力蛋白dysentery 痢疾Eearlobe 耳垂earthworm 蚯蚓echinoderm 棘皮动物ecological 生态学的ecosystem 生态系统ectoderm 外胚层ectotherm 冷血动物edoplasmic reticulum 内质网effector 效应器efferent 传出的egg 蛋，卵egg-laying mammals 卵生哺乳动物egret 白鹭，冠毛eject 排斥,逐出elaborate 精细制作的，复杂的elastic connective tissue 弹力结缔组织elastin 弹性蛋白electron 电子electrophoresis 电泳embryo 胚,胚胎embryogenesis 胚胎发生embryology 胚胎学embryonic 胚胎的emulsion 乳状液encephalitis 脑炎encode 编码endocrine 内分泌endocytic 细胞内吞作用endocytosis 胞吞作用endoderm 内胚层endomembrane systems内膜系统endoplasmic 内质的endoplasmic reticulum内质网endosome 内体endosperm胚乳endosymbiosis 内共生endothelial 内皮的endotherm 热血动物enucleate 去…。
生物学专业英语词汇
Botany植物学Cell theory细胞学说 cell membrane细胞膜 nucleus 细胞核Organelle 细胞器 cell wall细胞壁 cytoplasm细胞质protoplast原生质体 cell cycle细胞周期 mitochondrion 线粒体photosynthesis光合作用 unit membrane 单位膜 chloroplast 叶绿体chlorophyll叶绿素 xanthophyll叶黄素 carotene胡萝卜素golgiosome高尔基体 ribosome 核糖体 lysosome溶酶体microfilament微丝 nuclear fission核分裂 reproduction繁殖primary wall初生壁 secondary wall次生壁 plasmodesma胞间连丝mitosis有丝分裂 amitosis无丝分裂 meiosis减数分裂cytokinesis胞质分裂 interphase间期 prophase前期metaphase中期 anaphase后期 telophase末期tissue组织 pistil 雌蕊 stamen雄蕊ovary子房 pollination传粉 pollen tube花粉管porogamy珠孔受精 chalazogamy合点受精 mesogamy中部受精apomixis无融合生殖 apogamy无配子生殖 patrogenesis孤雄生殖parthenogensis 孤雌生殖 apospory无孢子生殖 pericarp果皮life history生活史 root system根系 main root主根lateral root侧根 taproot system直根系 fibrous root system须根系 cortex皮层 vascular cylinder 维管柱pericycle中柱鞘 xylem ray 木射线 vascular ray 维管射线phloem ray韧皮射线 root cap根冠 Casparian strip凯氏带primary xylem初生木质部 primary phloem初生韧皮部 vascular ray 维管射线 xylem ray 木射线 phelloderm栓内层 phloem ray韧皮射线 embryo胚homologous organ同源器官 analogous organ同功器官 endosperm胚乳seed coat种皮 radicle胚根 plumule胚芽hypocotyl下胚轴 cotyledon子叶 dormancy休眠seed germination种子萌发 eukaryote真核生物 prokaryote原核生物algae藻类 blue-green algae蓝藻 trichogyne受精丝mucopolysaccharide黏多糖 gelatinous sheath 胶质鞘 exospore外生孢子heterosexual cell异性细胞 green algae绿藻 isogamy同配生殖anisogamy 异配生殖 anisogamy 卵式生殖 zygogamy 接合生殖haploid单倍体 diploid二倍体 polyploid多倍体carposporophyte孢子体 brown algae褐藻 sea-tangle海带agar琼脂 fungi菌类 parasitism寄生saprophytic腐生的 lichen地衣 archegonium颈卵器antheridium精子器 antiphyte孢子体 gametophyte配子体protonema原丝体 bryophyta 苔藓植物 cruciferae十字花科vascular plants微管植物 aquatic plant水生植物 salicaceae杨柳科angiosperm被子植物 endoplasmic reticulum内质网vegetative reproduction营养繁殖 intercellular layer胞间层phellogen& cork cambium木栓形成层 asexual reproduction无性繁殖sexual propagation有性繁殖 tetradynamous stamen四强雄蕊didynamous stamen二强雄蕊 monodelphous stamen单体雄蕊diadelphous stamen二体雄蕊 triadelphous stamen三体雄蕊polyadelphous stamens多体雄蕊 synantherous stamen聚药雄蕊primary wall cells初生壁细胞 vegetative cell营养细胞male sterility雄性不育 filiform apparatus丝状器meristem zone 分生区 elongation zone伸长区maturation zone成熟区 embryophyte有胚植物specific parasitism专性寄生 specific saprophyte专性腐生facultative parasitism兼性寄生 facultative saprophyte兼性腐生sexual generation有性世代 asexual generation无性世代Zoology动物学cell细胞 prokaryotic cell原核细胞 eukaryotic cell真核细胞protein蛋白质 nucleic acid核酸 carbohydrate糖lipid脂质 protoplasm原生质 inclusion内含物cell cycle细胞周期 pulmonary alveolus肺泡 flagellum鞭毛food vacuole食物泡 pinocytosis胞饮作用 fission裂体生殖microgamete小配子 zygote合子 microtubule微管contraction silk 收缩丝 merogenesis 卵裂 blastocoele 囊胚腔complete cleavage完全卵裂 layering分层 cynapse突触myoneme肌丝 myocyte肌细胞 mesoglea中胶层monoecism雌雄同体 dioecism雌雄异体 velum缘膜radial symmetry辐射对称 nerve net神经网 planula 浮浪幼虫bilateral symmetry两侧对称 mesoderm中胚层 tubule cell 管细胞osmoregulation渗透调节 acetabulum 腹吸盘 oral sucker口吸盘metacercaria囊蚴 pseudocoel假体腔 cuticle角质膜cloacal pore泄殖孔 renette腺肾细 emunctory排泄管resting egg休眠卵 metamere体节 metamerism分节现象sense organ 感觉器 periostracum壳皮层 prismatic layer壳层nacreous layer珍珠层 veliger 面盘幼虫 glochidium 钩介幼虫adductor闭壳肌 segmentation异律分节 linear animal线形动物 pericardial cavity围心腔 cervical vertebra颈椎sacral vertebra荐椎pulmonary vein肺静脉 precaval vein 前腔静脉bladder气囊middle ear中耳 tympanum cavity中耳腔 amnion羊膜neopallium新皮层 lagena 瓶状囊 wishbone叉骨postcaval vein后腔静脉 glandular stomach腺胃 air sac气囊salt gland盐腺 sclerotic ring 巩膜骨 viviparity胎生placenta胎盘 allantois尿囊 rumen瘤胃bursa of fabricius 腔上囊 masticatory stomach肌胃 reticulum网胃omasum瓣胃 abomasum皱胃 cochlea耳蜗earthworm蚯蚓 internal naris内鼻孔 amniota羊膜动物arthropod节肢动物 coelenterate腔肠动物 annelid环节动物cell membrane&plasma membrane细胞膜 epithelial tissue上皮组织connective tissue结缔组织 cartilage tissue软骨组织osseous tissue骨组织 muscular tissue肌肉组织cardiac muscle心肌 intercalated disc闰盘Nissl's body尼氏小体 colony &group群体meroblastic cleavage不完全卵裂 colonial theory 群体说gastrovascular cavity消化循环腔 muscle system肌肉体系excretory system排泄系统 reproductive system生殖系统digestive system消化系统 archinephric duct原肾管basal lamina & basal membrane基膜 cross-fertilization异体受精self-fertilization自体受精 final host终寄主first intermidate host第一中间寄主 semicircular canal半规管second intermediate host第二中间寄主Genetics遗传学heredity 遗传 variation 变异 gene 基因pisum sativum 豌豆 segregation 分离 gamete 生殖细胞zygote 合子 allele 等位基因 genotype 基因型phenotype 表现型 test cross 测交 oryza sativa 水稻diploid 二倍体 haploid 单倍体 centromere 着丝粒satellite 随体 linker 连丝 mitosis 有丝分裂mesoblast中胚层 spindle 纺锤体 interphase 间期spindle fiber 纺锤丝vicia faba蚕豆 nucleoplasm 核质spermatogenous 精原细胞 oogonium 卵原细胞 spermatid 精细胞Phenocopy 拟表型 epistasis上位效应 mutant突变型gametic lethal配子致死 zygotic lethal合子致死 autosome 常染色体dominant lethal显性致死 carrier 携带者 homozygote 纯合体heterozygote 杂合体 genotype 基因型 phenotype 表现型linkage group 连锁群 interference 干涉 coincidence 并发率genetic map 遗传学图 wild type野生型 mutation 突变heterokaryon 异核体 auxotroph 营养缺陷型 strain 菌株recipient 受体 donor 供体 fragment 片段induction 诱导 prophage 原噬菌体 transduction 转导Mendel’s laws 孟德尔定律 law of segregation 分离定律first filial generation 子一代 parental generation 亲代dominant character 显性性状 recessive character 隐性性状hereditary determinant 遗传因子 parental combination 亲组合recombination 重组合 punnett square 棋盘法Mendelian character 孟德尔性状 primary constriction 初级缢痕secondary constriction 次级缢痕 nucleolar organizer 核仁形成区first polar body 第一极体 second polar body 第二极体sister chromatids 姐妹染色单体 female gametic nucleus 卵核multiple alleles 复等位基因 sex-chromosome性染色体sex-linked inheritance 伴性遗传 primary constriction 初级缢痕secondary constriction 次级缢痕 complementary gene互补基因homologous chromosome 同源染色体 sister chromatids 姐妹染色单体secondary oocyte 次级卵母细胞 three-point testcross 三点测交primary spermatocyte 初级精母细胞secondary spermatocyte 次级精母细胞first division segregation 第一次分裂分离second division segregation 第二次分裂分离law of independent assortment 自由组合定律Biochemistry 生物化学essential element必需元素 trace elements微量元素 proteoglycan蛋白聚糖amino acid氨基酸 primary structure 一级结构 random coil无规卷曲structural domain 结构域 subunit亚基 degeneration变性adenine腺嘌呤 guanine鸟嘌呤 cytosine胞嘧啶thymine胸腺嘧啶 uracil尿嘧啶 nucleoside 核苷nucleotide核苷酸 base pairing碱基配对 base pair碱基对数base碱基数 gyrase旋转酶 nucleosome核小体complementary DNA互补DNA plasmid质粒 transposons转座子repetitive sequence重复序列 exon外显子 intron内含子variable loop可变环 ribonuclease核糖核酸酶 renaturation复性hyperchromic effect增色效应 base stacking force碱基堆积力 annealing退火melting-out temperature熔解温度 hypochromic effect减色效应 maltose麦芽糖sucrose蔗糖 lactose乳糖 starch淀粉glycogen糖原 cellulose纤维素 cellulase纤维素酶selectivity选择性 substrate底物 holoenzyme全酶cofactor辅因子 coenzyme辅酶 oxidase氧化酶metabolism新陈代谢 assimilation同化作用 catabolism异化作用metabolite代谢产物 biological oxidation 生物氧化 cytochrome细胞色素rotenone鱼藤酮 amytal阿密妥 antimycin A抗霉素Acyanide氰化物 glycolysis糖酵解 ethanol乙醇citrate柠檬酸 cis-aconitate 顺乌头酸 succinic acid 琥珀酸oxaloacetic acid草酰乙酸 acetyl-coenzyme乙酰辅酶 fumarate 延胡索酸glyoxylate cycle 乙醛酸循环 malate苹果酸 fatty acid 脂肪酸carbon unit一碳单位 replicon复制子 core enzyme 核心酶primosome引发体 Okazaki fragment冈崎片段 leading chain 前导链lagging strand后随链 terminator终止子 telomere端粒telomerase端粒酶 replication fork复制叉 vector载体promoter启动子 terminator终止子 operon操纵子codon密码子 degeneracy简并性 hormone激素citric acid cycle 柠檬酸循环 deamination脱氨基作用 urea cycle尿素循环euchromatin常染色质 messenger RNA信使RNAtransfer RNA转移RNA ribosome RNA核糖体RNAmetabolic regulation代谢调节 feedback regulation反馈调节structural gene结构基因 promoter gene启动基因operator gene操纵基因 regulator gene调节基因termination factor终止因子 triplet code三联体密码initiator codon起始密码 termination codon终止密码semiconservative replication半保留复制 ornithine cycle鸟氨酸循环ketogenic amino acid生酮氨基酸 glucogenic amino acid生糖氨基酸oxidative deamination氧化脱氨作用 transamination转氨基作用reverse transcription逆转录 decarboxylation脱羧作用semidiscontinuous replication半不连续复制 reverse transcriptase 逆转录酶missense mutation错义突变 synonymous mutation同义突变neutral mutation中性突变 nonsense mutation无义突变phosphatidic acid 磷脂酸 essential amino acids 必需氨基酸dihydrouracil loop二氢尿嘧啶环 anticodon loop反密码子环double-strand circular DNA 双链环形DNA superhelical DNA 超螺旋DNA open circular DNA 开环DNA linear DNA 线形DNAbase stacking force 碱基堆积力 secondary structure二级结构super-secondary structure超二级结构 tertiary structure三级结构quaternary structure四级结构 negative supercoil DNA负超螺旋DNApositive supercoil DNA正超螺旋DNAGlyceraldehyde-3-phosphate甘油醛-3-二磷酸glucogenic and ketogenic amino acid生糖兼生酮氨基酸restriction endonuclease限制性内切酶polymerase chain reaction聚合酶链反应Microbiology微生物学living creatures 生物 culture medium 培养基 lawn菌苔culture plate 培养平板 bacteria 细菌 archaea 古生菌eukaryote真核生物 prokaryote 原核生物 protozoan 原生动物hypha 菌丝 mycoplasma 支原体 yeast 酵母菌plasmolysis 质壁分离Escherichia Coli大肠杆菌 murein胞壁质peptidoglycan 肽聚糖 mucopeptide黏肽 outer membrane外膜chromosome染色体 nucleolus 核仁 nucleoid 拟核chromatin 染色质 centromere 着丝粒 telomere 端粒protoplast 原生质体 mycoplasma 支原体 glycoprotein 糖蛋白mesosome 间体 cytoplasm细胞质 megnetosome磁小体nucleoid拟核 glycocalyx 糖被 capsule 荚膜flagellum 鞭毛 lysosome 溶酶体 chloroplast 叶绿体thylakoid类囊体 inorganic salt 无机盐 peptone 蛋白胨sulfur bacteria 硫细菌 beef extract牛肉膏 vitamin 维生素inclusion body 内含物 lithotroph 无机营养型 medium 培养基agar 琼脂 organotroph 有机营养型 antiport 逆向运输active transport 主动运输 pinocytosis 胞饮作用 catabolism 分解代谢passive transport 被动运输 uniport 单向运输 anabolism 合成代谢 fermentation发酵 batch culture 分批培养 log phase 对数生长期stationary phase 稳定生长期 lag phase 迟缓期 decline phase衰亡期aerobe 好氧菌 antibiotic 抗生素 antigenome 反基因组transformation 转化 genome 基因组 plasmid 质粒transforming factor 转化因子 diploid 二倍体 haploid 单倍体transposable element 转座因子 conjugation接合作用 transposon转座子phenotype 表型 genotype基因型 auxotroph营养缺陷型wild-type野生型 transition 转换 transversion 颠换spontaneous mutation 自发突变 reverse mutation 回复突变 sexduction 性导transduction 转导 promoter 启动子 operon 操纵子recombination repair 重组修复 repressor 阻遏蛋白 corepressor辅阻遏物clone 克隆 denaturation 变性 annealing 退火extension 延伸 cloning vector 克隆载体 replicon 复制子telomere 端粒 cohesive end 黏性末端 promoter 启动子terminator 终止子 gene therapy 基因治疗 phylogeny 系统发育ammonification 氨化作用 nitrification 硝化作用denitrification 反硝化作用 expression vector 表达载体aerobic respiration有氧呼吸 anaerobic respiration无氧呼吸origin of replication 复制起始点 incompatibility 不亲和性gene mutation 基因突变 synonymous mutation 同义突变chromosomal aberration 染色体畸变 missense mutation 错义突变frame-shift mutation 移码突变 lactose operon 乳糖操纵子negative transcription control 负转录调控 tryptophan operon 色氨酸操纵子cytoplasmic inheritance 细胞质遗传 genetic engineering 基因工程recombinant DNA technology 重组DNA技术 palindromic structure 回文结构spread plate method 涂布平板法 pour plate method 倾注培养法streak plate method 平板划线法 shake tube method 稀释摇管法continuous culture 连续培养。
生物学英语词汇大全了解生物学领域的专业术语和概念
生物学英语词汇大全了解生物学领域的专业术语和概念生物学是研究生命现象和生命规律的一门学科，其中涉及到大量的专业术语和概念。
了解这些术语和概念的含义对于学习和理解生物学非常重要。
以下是一个生物学英语词汇大全，将介绍一些常用的专业术语和概念，帮助读者更好地理解生物学知识。
1. Biology 生物学Biology is the study of living organisms and their interactions with the environment.2. Organism 有机体An organism is any individual living thing, such as a plant, animal, or microorganism.3. Cell 细胞A cell is the basic structural and functional unit of all living organisms.4. DNA 脱氧核糖核酸DNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid, is a molecule that carries genetic information in organisms.5. Genes 基因Genes are segments of DNA that code for specific proteins and determine an organism's traits.6. Evolution 进化Evolution is the process of change in all forms of life over generations, resulting in the diversity and complexity of organisms seen today.7. Species 物种A species is a group of organisms that can interbreed to produce fertile offspring.8. Natural selection 自然选择Natural selection is the process by which certain traits become more or less common in a population over time, based on their fitness and adaptability to the environment.9. Ecosystem 生态系统An ecosystem is a community of living organisms and their physical environment, interacting as a system.10. Photosynthesis 光合作用Photosynthesis is the process by which plants convert sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide into oxygen and glucose.11. Respiration 呼吸作用Respiration is the process by which organisms obtain energy from glucose and release carbon dioxide and water as byproducts.12. Prokaryote 原核生物Prokaryotes are single-celled organisms that lack a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles.13. Eukaryote 真核生物Eukaryotes are organisms whose cells have a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles.14. Mitosis 有丝分裂Mitosis is the process of cell division in eukaryotic cells, resulting in two identical daughter cells.15. Meiosis 减数分裂Meiosis is a type of cell division that occurs in reproductive cells, resulting in the production of haploid gametes.16. Ecology 生态学Ecology is the study of how organisms interact with each other and their environment.17. Food chain 食物链A food chain is a series of organisms that are linked together by their feeding relationships.18. Biodiversity 生物多样性Biodiversity refers to the variety of life on Earth, including the number of different species, genetic variation within species, and the diversity of ecosystems.19. Genetics 遗传学Genetics is the study of genes, heredity, and the variation of inherited traits in living organisms.20. Biotechnology 生物技术Biotechnology is the use of living organisms or their components to create useful products or solve practical problems.这些是生物学领域中常用的专业术语和概念的英语词汇大全。
生物工程专业英语常用词汇
生物工程专业英语常用词汇1. 细胞（cell）细胞是生物的基本结构和功能单位。
2. 基因（gene）基因是遗传信息的基本单位，决定了生物的遗传特征。
3. DNA分子（DNA molecule）DNA分子是携带遗传信息的分子，由核苷酸组成。
4. 蛋白质（protein）蛋白质是生物体内重要的分子，执行多种生物功能。
5. 生物反应器（bioreactor）生物反应器是用于培养和生产生物制品的设备。
6. 发酵（fermentation）发酵是生物工程中常用的生物转化过程，用于产生有用化合物。
7. 遗传工程（genetic engineering）遗传工程是改变生物体遗传特征的技术，如基因插入、基因删除等。
8. 转基因（transgenic）转基因指导入外源基因到生物体，改变其遗传特征。
9. 组织工程（tissue engineering）组织工程是利用细胞和支架材料重建和修复组织和器官的技术。
10. 生物传感器（biosensor）生物传感器是一种能够检测和测量生物分子或生物活性的装置。
11. 微生物（microorganism）微生物是肉眼看不见的微小生物体，如细菌、真菌等。
12. 生物药物（biopharmaceutical）生物药物是利用生物工程技术生产的药物，如蛋白质药物等。
13. 基因组（genome）基因组是一个生物体所有基因的集合。
14. 克隆（cloning）克隆是复制生物体的过程，产生与原生物体基因相同的个体。
15. 基因表达（gene expression）基因表达是基因转录和翻译的过程，产生蛋白质。
以上是生物工程专业常用的英语词汇，可以帮助你更好地理解和交流相关的知识和概念。
常用生物学专业英语词汇完整版
常用生物学专业英语词汇HEN system office room 【HEN16H-HENS2AHENS8Q8-HENH1688】Aacceptor 受体acetate 醋酸盐；醋酸根acetyl 乙酰基．actin 肌动蛋白actinomycinD 放线菌素D activation 活化；激活active site 活性中心adenine 腺嘌呤adenosine 腺嘌呤核苷adenosyl 腺苷的adenovirus 腺病毒adhering junctings 粘着连接adhesion 粘着；附着adjacent 毗邻的adrenal肾上腺的, 肾上腺affinity 亲和；吸引agar 琼脂，洋菜agarose 琼脂糖agency 媒介agent 剂aggregate 聚合体albumin 白蛋白，清蛋白allelc 等位基因allele 等位基因突变遗传因子allostericmodification 别构修饰allosteric 别构的Alzheimer’s disease阿尔茨海默氏病amino 氨基的～acid氨基酸aminopeptidase 氨基肽酶amphibian 两栖动物amphipathic 两亲的两性的amylase 淀粉酶anaerobic 厌氧的analysis 分析，分解analyze 分析anaphase (细胞分裂的)后期anaphase-promotingcomplex, APC 促后期复合物anarogen 雄激素anatomy 解剖学anionic 阴离子的appropriate 适当的approximately 近似地，大约artificial chromosome人工染色体aspartic 天冬氨酸astrocyte 星形(神经胶质)，细胞asymmetric 不对称的autocatalytic 自动催化的autonomouslyreplicating sequenceARS 自主复制起序列autophagy 自噬作用axon 轴突Bbacteria 细菌bacterial artificialchromosome, BAC 细菌人工染色体bacteriophage 噬菌体basal cell carcinoma基层细胞癌base 碱基basement membrane 基膜bilayer 双层binal 双重的，两倍的，孪生的binding 结合位点blastocoele 囊胚腔blastoderm 胚盘blastomere 卵裂球blastula 囊胚Ccancerous 癌的capsid (病毒)衣壳carbohydrate 碳水化合物，糖类carbonate 碳酸盐carboxy 羧基carboxylation 羧化作用carboxypeptidase 羧肽酶carcinogen 致癌剂carcinoma 癌cardiovascular 心血管的cell secretion细胞分泌centrifuge 离心机cholesterol 胆固醇chromatid 染色单体chromatin 染色质chromatography 层析cis-acting element?顺式作用元件cis-Golgi network, CGN 高尔基内侧网络cistron 顺反子clathrin-coatedvesicle 披网格蛋白小泡clone 克隆，无性系(Basidiomycetes) coelom 体腔coenzyme 辅酶coherent 粘着的，连贯的competitive inhibitor竞争性抵制剂complementary 互补的，补充的COPII coated vesiclesCOPII被膜小泡COPI coated vesiclesCOPI被膜小泡covalence 共价covalent bond 共价键covalent 共价cross-linked 交联的culture 培养，栽培cushion 缓冲缓和cyclin 细胞周期蛋白cyclin-dependentprotein kinases, CDK细胞周期依赖性蛋白激酶cytochrome 细胞色素cytomembrane systeme膜系统cytoplasm 细胞质cytosine 胞嘧啶cytoskeleton 细胞骨架cytosol 胞液，细胞溶质Ddegrade 使降解deletion 染色体的缺失denaturation 变性dendrite 树突deoxyribonucleic acid脱氧核糖核酸deoxyribonucleic 脱氧核糖核酸的deoxyribose 脱氧核糖dextran 葡聚糖dialysis 透析，渗析differentialcentrifugation 差速离心differentiation 分化diffusion 扩散，渗滤dilute 稀释dimensional 维，度，元dimer 二聚体Docking protein, DP?停泊蛋白dodecyl 十二烷基donor 供体duplicate 复制dynamic 动力学的，动态的dyneins?动力蛋白dysentery 痢疾Eedoplasmic reticulum内质网elaborate 精细制作的，复杂的elastic connective tissue 弹力结缔组织electrophoresis 电泳embryo 胚，胚胎embryogenesis 胚胎发生embryology 胚胎学embryonic 胚胎的encode 编码endocrine 内分泌endocytic 细胞内吞作用endocytosis 胞吞作用endoderm 内胚层endomembrane systems 内膜系统endoplasmic 内质的endoplasmic reticulum 内质网envelope 包膜，包被enzyme 酶epinephrine 肾上腺素epithelial 上皮的epithelium 上皮ER retention signal 内质网驻留信号estrogen 雌激素ethical 伦理的，道德的eukaryotic 真核生物的evolution 进化，进展exon exotron 外显子extracellular 细胞外的extract v. 抽提Fferredoxin 铁氧化还原蛋白fibroblast 成纤维细胞filtration 过滤作用frequency 频率，次数fruit fly 果蝇function 功能，作用fungi 真菌fusion 融合，融合体Ggalactose 半乳糖galactosidase 半乳糖苷酶galactoside 半乳糖苷genus 属，类germ layer 胚层Golgi body 高尔基体Golgi complex高尔基复合体gonad 性腺，生殖腺gonadotropin 促性腺激素guanine 鸟嘌呤Hhaploid 单倍体hereditary 遗传hereditary 遗传的heritable 可遗传的heritable 可遗传的，被遗传的heterozygote 杂合体heterozygous 杂合的histone 组蛋白homeostasis 体内稳态Homo 人(学名)homogenizer 匀浆器homologous 同源的homozygote 纯合体homozygous 纯合的hormone 激素hydrophilic 亲水的hydrophobic 疏水的hypertonic 高渗的hypotonic 低渗的Iidentical 完全相同的，同一的immune 免疫的immunoglobulin 免疫球蛋白immunology 免疫学insulin 胰岛素integrate 整合integrity 完整，完全intermediate 中间的，中间产物Intermediate?filaments, IFs 中间纤维internal 内部的，体内的intracellular 细胞内的intricate 复杂的，错综的intrinsic 内部的，内在的intron 内含子（基因内区）isolation 分离isotonic 等渗的JKkaryotype 核型，染色体组型kidney 肾kinesins 驱动蛋白kinesis 运动Llactose 乳糖Lamina 核纤层lateral 侧面的，横向的lesion 损害损毁病变病灶病斑病痕ligases 连接酶lipoprotein 脂蛋白luciferase 荧光素酶lumen 腔luminescence 生物发光lymph 淋巴lympocyte 淋巴细胞lysosome 溶酶体lysozyme 溶菌酶lytic 裂解的Mmacrophage 巨噬细胞magnesium 镁malignant 恶性的marrow 髓，骨髓matrix 基质mechanism 机制meiosis 减数分裂membrane-boundorganelles 膜细胞器Membrane Trafficking膜运输metabolism 新陈代谢metaphase 细胞分裂的中期microfilament 微丝microglia 小神经胶质细胞micron 微米microorganism 微生物microplast 微原生质体microscope 显微镜microtube 微管microtubule 微管Microtubule organizingcenters, MTOC 微管组织中心mitosis 有丝分裂mitotic 有丝分裂的mitotic apparatus 纺锤体又称为有丝分裂器modification 修饰，修改monomer 单体Nnanometer 毫微米，纳米natural selection 自然选择nerve cord 神经索nerve 神经nervous 神经的neurilemma 神经膜neuroglia 神经胶质细胞neuroglial 神经胶质细胞的neuron 神经元neurotransmitter 神经递质neutral 中性的neutralize 中和nickel 镍nicotinamide 烟酰胺nitrate 硝酸盐nitric 硝酸nitrogen 氮noncoding 非编码的Nuclear envelope?核膜nuclear export signals, NES 核输出信号nuclearlocalization?signals, NLS 核定位信号nuclear pore complex?核孔复合体nucleic 核酸nucleolarorganizing?region,(NOR) 核仁组织区nucleolus （复数nucleoli）核仁nucleoplasm 核基质nucleoprotein核蛋白nucleosome 核小体核粒nucleotide核苷酸nucleus 细胞核Oobesity 肥胖的oligomer 寡聚体，低聚体oligosaccharide 寡糖oncogene 癌基因operon 操纵子optimal 最适宜的，最理想的organelle 细胞器，类器官organism 生物体，有机体organize 使成有机体organogenesis 器官发生ovary 子房，卵巢Ppaternal 父方的父系的Phagocytosis 吞噬作用phagocytize 吞噬pivotal中枢的，关键的prolong 延长prosthetic辅基protease蛋白酶QRregulator gene 调节基因resin 树脂ribonucleic 核糖核酸ribose 核糖ribosomal RNA 核糖体RNAribosome 核糖体rotational 旋转的Ssarcoma 肉瘤semiconserevative 半保留的sickle-cell 镰状细胞smooth endoplasmicreticulum 滑面内质网sodium dodecyl sulfate十二烷基硫酸钠solubility 溶解度，可溶性soluble 可溶的somatic 体细胞的sonication 超声处理spiral 螺旋的splice 剪接spontaneous 自发的steroid 类固醇stroma 间质structural gene 结构基因ssupercoil 超螺旋supernatant 上清液susceptible 敏感的synapse 突触synergistic 协作的Ttelomere 端粒termination 终止terminator 终止子thrombin 凝血酶thromboplastin 促凝血酶原激酶thylakoid 类囊体thymine 胸腺嘧啶thymus 胸腺thyroid 甲状腺的，甲状腺thyroid-stimulating hormone 甲状腺刺激素thyroxine 甲状腺素tick 蜱tight junctions 紧密连接topography地形torsion 扭转toxicity 毒性toxin 毒素trace element 超微量元素tracer 示踪物tranposon 转座子trans-acting factor 反式作用因子transacetylase 转乙酰基酶transcript 转录物转录本transcription 转录transfer RNA 转移RNA transfer 传递，传输，变换transform 改变，转化transformation 转化trans Golji network,TGN 高尔基外侧网络translation 翻译，平移translocation 易位，转位，转运translocators 易位子transmission 传送，遗传transport by vesicles膜泡运输trigger 触发物，引发剂，触发triglyceride 甘油三酯tumor 肿瘤，瘤tumorigenicity 致瘤性Uultracentrifuge 超速离心机ultraviolet 紫外线Vvaccine 疫苗viruses 病毒WXYYAC酵母人工染色体Zzinc 锌zygote 合子，受精卵接种环 inoculatingloop灭菌器syringe filters保鲜膜cling film烧杯beaker容量瓶volumetricflask量筒graduatedcylinder漏斗funnel称量纸 weighing paper磁力搅拌器magneticstirring匀浆器 homogenixer摇床 shaker分光光度计spectrophotometer。
(2021年整理)生物学专业英语词汇
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Botany植物学Cell theory细胞学说 cell membrane细胞膜 nucleus 细胞核Organelle 细胞器 cell wall细胞壁 cytoplasm细胞质protoplast原生质体 cell cycle细胞周期 mitochondrion 线粒体photosynthesis光合作用 unit membrane 单位膜 chloroplast 叶绿体chlorophyll叶绿素 xanthophyll叶黄素 carotene胡萝卜素golgiosome高尔基体 ribosome 核糖体 lysosome溶酶体microfilament微丝 nuclear fission核分裂 reproduction繁殖primary wall初生壁 secondary wall次生壁 plasmodesma胞间连丝mitosis有丝分裂 amitosis无丝分裂 meiosis减数分裂cytokinesis胞质分裂 interphase间期 prophase前期metaphase中期 anaphase后期 telophase末期tissue组织 pistil 雌蕊 stamen雄蕊ovary子房 pollination传粉 pollen tube花粉管porogamy珠孔受精 chalazogamy合点受精 mesogamy中部受精apomixis无融合生殖 apogamy无配子生殖 patrogenesis孤雄生殖parthenogensis 孤雌生殖 apospory无孢子生殖 pericarp果皮life history生活史 root system根系 main root主根lateral root侧根 taproot system直根系 fibrous root system须根系cortex皮层 vascular cylinder 维管柱 pericycle中柱鞘xylem ray 木射线 vascular ray 维管射线 phloem ray韧皮射线root cap根冠 Casparian strip凯氏带 primary xylem初生木质部primary phloem初生韧皮部 vascular ray 维管射线 xylem ray 木射线phelloderm栓内层 phloem ray韧皮射线 embryo胚homologous organ同源器官 analogous organ同功器官 endosperm胚乳seed coat种皮 radicle胚根 plumule胚芽hypocotyl下胚轴 cotyledon子叶 dormancy休眠seed germination种子萌发 eukaryote真核生物 prokaryote原核生物algae藻类 blue—green algae蓝藻 trichogyne受精丝mucopolysaccharide黏多糖 gelatinous sheath 胶质鞘 exospore外生孢子heterosexual cell异性细胞 green algae绿藻 isogamy同配生殖anisogamy 异配生殖 anisogamy 卵式生殖 zygogamy 接合生殖haploid单倍体 diploid二倍体 polyploid多倍体carposporophyte孢子体 brown algae褐藻 sea-tangle海带agar琼脂 fungi菌类 parasitism寄生saprophytic腐生的 lichen地衣 archegonium颈卵器antheridium精子器 antiphyte孢子体 gametophyte配子体protonema原丝体 bryophyta 苔藓植物 cruciferae十字花科vascular plants微管植物 aquatic plant水生植物 salicaceae杨柳科angiosperm被子植物 endoplasmic reticulum内质网vegetative reproduction营养繁殖 intercellular layer胞间层phellogen＆ cork cambium木栓形成层 asexual reproduction无性繁殖sexual propagation有性繁殖 tetradynamous stamen四强雄蕊didynamous stamen二强雄蕊 monodelphous stamen单体雄蕊diadelphous stamen二体雄蕊 triadelphous stamen三体雄蕊polyadelphous stamens多体雄蕊 synantherous stamen聚药雄蕊primary wall cells初生壁细胞 vegetative cell营养细胞male sterility雄性不育 filiform apparatus丝状器meristem zone 分生区 elongation zone伸长区maturation zone成熟区 embryophyte有胚植物specific parasitism专性寄生 specific saprophyte专性腐生facultative parasitism兼性寄生 facultative saprophyte兼性腐生sexual generation有性世代 asexual generation无性世代Zoology动物学cell细胞 prokaryotic cell原核细胞 eukaryotic cell真核细胞protein蛋白质 nucleic acid核酸 carbohydrate糖lipid脂质 protoplasm原生质 inclusion内含物cell cycle细胞周期 pulmonary alveolus肺泡 flagellum鞭毛food vacuole食物泡 pinocytosis胞饮作用 fission裂体生殖microgamete小配子 zygote合子 microtubule微管contraction silk 收缩丝 merogenesis 卵裂 blastocoele 囊胚腔complete cleavage完全卵裂 layering分层 cynapse突触myoneme肌丝 myocyte肌细胞 mesoglea中胶层monoecism雌雄同体 dioecism雌雄异体 velum缘膜 radial symmetry辐射对称 nerve net神经网 planula 浮浪幼虫bilateralsymmetry两侧对称 mesoderm中胚层 tubule cell 管细胞osmoregulation渗透调节 acetabulum 腹吸盘 oral sucker口吸盘metacercaria囊蚴 pseudocoel假体腔 cuticle角质膜cloacal pore泄殖孔 renette腺肾细 emunctory排泄管resting egg休眠卵 metamere体节 metamerism分节现象sense organ 感觉器 periostracum壳皮层 prismatic layer壳层nacreous layer珍珠层 veliger 面盘幼虫 glochidium 钩介幼虫adductor闭壳肌 segmentation异律分节 linear animal线形动物pericardial cavity围心腔 cervical vertebra颈椎 sacral vertebra荐椎pulmonary vein肺静脉 precaval vein 前腔静脉 bladder气囊middle ear中耳 tympanum cavity中耳腔 amnion羊膜neopallium新皮层 lagena 瓶状囊 wishbone叉骨postcaval vein后腔静脉 glandular stomach腺胃 air sac气囊salt gland盐腺 sclerotic ring 巩膜骨 viviparity胎生placenta胎盘 allantois尿囊 rumen瘤胃bursa of fabricius 腔上囊 masticatory stomach肌胃 reticulum网胃omasum瓣胃 abomasum皱胃 cochlea耳蜗earthworm蚯蚓 internal naris内鼻孔 amniota羊膜动物arthropod节肢动物 coelenterate腔肠动物 annelid环节动物cell membrane&plasma membrane细胞膜 epithelial tissue上皮组织connective tissue结缔组织 cartilage tissue软骨组织osseous tissue骨组织 muscular tissue肌肉组织cardiac muscle心肌 intercalated disc闰盘Nissl’s body尼氏小体 colony &group群体meroblastic cleavage不完全卵裂 colonial theory 群体说gastrovascular cavity消化循环腔 muscle system肌肉体系excretory system排泄系统 reproductive system生殖系统digestive system消化系统 archinephric duct原肾管basal lamina & basal membrane基膜 cross-fertilization异体受精self—fertilization自体受精 final host终寄主first intermidate host第一中间寄主 semicircular canal半规管second intermediate host第二中间寄主Genetics遗传学heredity 遗传 variation 变异 gene 基因pisum sativum 豌豆 segregation 分离 gamete 生殖细胞zygote 合子 allele 等位基因 genotype 基因型phenotype 表现型 test cross 测交 oryza sativa 水稻diploid 二倍体 haploid 单倍体 centromere 着丝粒satellite 随体 linker 连丝 mitosis 有丝分裂mesoblast中胚层 spindle 纺锤体 interphase 间期spindle fiber 纺锤丝vicia faba蚕豆 nucleoplasm 核质spermatogenous 精原细胞 oogonium 卵原细胞 spermatid 精细胞Phenocopy 拟表型 epistasis上位效应 mutant突变型gametic lethal配子致死 zygotic lethal合子致死 autosome 常染色体dominant lethal显性致死 carrier 携带者 homozygote 纯合体heterozygote 杂合体 genotype 基因型 phenotype 表现型linkage group 连锁群 interference 干涉 coincidence 并发率genetic map 遗传学图 wild type野生型 mutation 突变heterokaryon 异核体 auxotroph 营养缺陷型 strain 菌株recipient 受体 donor 供体 fragment 片段induction 诱导 prophage 原噬菌体 transduction 转导Mendel's laws 孟德尔定律 law of segregation 分离定律first filial generation 子一代 parental generation 亲代dominant character 显性性状 recessive character 隐性性状hereditary determinant 遗传因子 parental combination 亲组合recombination 重组合 punnett square 棋盘法Mendelian character 孟德尔性状 primary constriction 初级缢痕secondary constriction 次级缢痕 nucleolar organizer 核仁形成区first polar body 第一极体 second polar body 第二极体sister chromatids 姐妹染色单体 female gametic nucleus 卵核multiple alleles 复等位基因 sex—chromosome性染色体sex—linked inheritance 伴性遗传 primary constriction 初级缢痕secondary constriction 次级缢痕 complementary gene互补基因homologous chromosome 同源染色体 sister chromatids 姐妹染色单体secondary oocyte 次级卵母细胞 three-point testcross 三点测交primary spermatocyte 初级精母细胞secondary spermatocyte 次级精母细胞first division segregation 第一次分裂分离second division segregation 第二次分裂分离law of independent assortment 自由组合定律Biochemistry 生物化学essential element必需元素 trace elements微量元素 proteoglycan蛋白聚糖amino acid氨基酸 primary structure 一级结构 random coil无规卷曲structural domain 结构域 subunit亚基 degeneration变性adenine腺嘌呤 guanine鸟嘌呤 cytosine胞嘧啶thymine 胸腺嘧啶 uracil尿嘧啶 nucleoside 核苷nucleotide核苷酸 base pairing碱基配对 base pair碱基对数base碱基数 gyrase旋转酶 nucleosome核小体complementary DNA互补DNA plasmid质粒 transposons转座子repetitive sequence重复序列 exon外显子 intron内含子variable loop可变环 ribonuclease核糖核酸酶 renaturation复性hyperchromic effect增色效应 base stacking force碱基堆积力 annealing退火melting-out temperature熔解温度 hypochromic effect减色效应 maltose麦芽糖sucrose蔗糖 lactose乳糖 starch淀粉glycogen糖原 cellulose纤维素 cellulase纤维素酶selectivity选择性 substrate底物 holoenzyme全酶cofactor辅因子 coenzyme辅酶 oxidase氧化酶metabolism新陈代谢 assimilation同化作用 catabolism异化作用metabolite代谢产物 biological oxidation 生物氧化 cytochrome细胞色素rotenone鱼藤酮 amytal阿密妥 antimycin A抗霉素A cyanide氰化物 glycolysis糖酵解 ethanol乙醇citrate柠檬酸 cis-aconitate 顺乌头酸 succinic acid琥珀酸oxaloacetic acid草酰乙酸 acetyl—coenzyme乙酰辅酶 fumarate延胡索酸glyoxylate cycle 乙醛酸循环 malate苹果酸 fatty acid 脂肪酸carbon unit一碳单位 replicon复制子 core enzyme 核心酶primosome引发体 Okazaki fragment冈崎片段 leading chain 前导链lagging strand后随链 terminator终止子 telomere端粒telomerase 端粒酶 replication fork复制叉 vector载体promoter启动子 terminator终止子 operon操纵子codon密码子 degeneracy简并性 hormone激素citric acid cycle 柠檬酸循环 deamination脱氨基作用 urea cycle尿素循环euchromatin常染色质 messenger RNA信使RNAtransfer RNA转移RNA ribosome RNA核糖体RNAmetabolic regulation代谢调节 feedback regulation反馈调节structural gene结构基因 promoter gene启动基因operator gene操纵基因 regulator gene调节基因termination factor终止因子 triplet code三联体密码initiator codon起始密码 termination codon终止密码semiconservative replication半保留复制 ornithine cycle鸟氨酸循环ketogenic amino acid生酮氨基酸 glucogenic amino acid生糖氨基酸oxidative deamination氧化脱氨作用 transamination转氨基作用reverse transcription逆转录 decarboxylation脱羧作用semidiscontinuous replication半不连续复制 reverse transcriptase 逆转录酶missense mutation错义突变 synonymous mutation同义突变neutral mutation中性突变 nonsense mutation无义突变phosphatidic acid 磷脂酸 essential amino acids 必需氨基酸dihydrouracil loop二氢尿嘧啶环 anticodon loop反密码子环double—strand circular DNA 双链环形DNA superhelical DNA 超螺旋DNA open circular DNA 开环DNA linear DNA 线形DNAbase stacking force 碱基堆积力 secondary structure二级结构super-secondary structure超二级结构 tertiary structure三级结构quaternary structure四级结构 negative supercoil DNA负超螺旋DNA positive supercoil DNA正超螺旋DNAGlyceraldehyde-3-phosphate甘油醛-3—二磷酸glucogenic and ketogenic amino acid生糖兼生酮氨基酸restriction endonuclease限制性内切酶polymerase chain reaction聚合酶链反应Microbiology微生物学living creatures 生物 culture medium 培养基 lawn菌苔culture plate 培养平板 bacteria 细菌 archaea 古生菌eukaryote真核生物 prokaryote 原核生物 protozoan 原生动物hypha 菌丝 mycoplasma 支原体 yeast 酵母菌plasmolysis 质壁分离Escherichia Coli大肠杆菌 murein胞壁质peptidoglycan 肽聚糖 mucopeptide黏肽 outer membrane外膜chromosome染色体 nucleolus 核仁 nucleoid 拟核chromatin 染色质 centromere 着丝粒 telomere 端粒protoplast 原生质体 mycoplasma 支原体 glycoprotein 糖蛋白mesosome 间体 cytoplasm细胞质 megnetosome磁小体nucleoid拟核 glycocalyx 糖被 capsule 荚膜flagellum 鞭毛 lysosome 溶酶体 chloroplast 叶绿体thylakoid类囊体 inorganic salt 无机盐 peptone 蛋白胨sulfur bacteria 硫细菌 beef extract牛肉膏 vitamin 维生素inclusion body 内含物 lithotroph 无机营养型 medium 培养基agar 琼脂 organotroph 有机营养型 antiport 逆向运输active transport 主动运输 pinocytosis 胞饮作用 catabolism 分解代谢passive transport 被动运输 uniport 单向运输 anabolism 合成代谢 fermentation发酵 batch culture 分批培养 log phase 对数生长期stationary phase 稳定生长期 lag phase 迟缓期 decline phase衰亡期aerobe 好氧菌 antibiotic 抗生素 antigenome 反基因组transformation 转化 genome 基因组 plasmid 质粒transforming factor 转化因子 diploid 二倍体 haploid 单倍体transposable element 转座因子 conjugation接合作用 transposon转座子phenotype 表型 genotype基因型 auxotroph营养缺陷型wild—type野生型 transition 转换 transversion 颠换spontaneous mutation 自发突变 reverse mutation 回复突变 sexduction 性导transduction 转导 promoter 启动子 operon 操纵子recombination repair 重组修复 repressor 阻遏蛋白 corepressor辅阻遏物clone 克隆 denaturation 变性 annealing 退火extension 延伸 cloning vector 克隆载体 replicon 复制子telomere 端粒 cohesive end 黏性末端 promoter 启动子terminator 终止子 gene therapy 基因治疗 phylogeny 系统发育ammonification 氨化作用 nitrification 硝化作用denitrification 反硝化作用 expression vector 表达载体aerobic respiration有氧呼吸 anaerobic respiration无氧呼吸origin of replication 复制起始点 incompatibility 不亲和性 gene mutation 基因突变 synonymous mutation 同义突变chromosomal aberration 染色体畸变 missense mutation 错义突变frame-shift mutation 移码突变 lactose operon 乳糖操纵子negative transcription control 负转录调控 tryptophan operon 色氨酸操纵子cytoplasmic inheritance 细胞质遗传 genetic engineering 基因工程recombinant DNA technology 重组DNA技术 palindromic structure 回文结构spread plate method 涂布平板法 pour plate method 倾注培养法streak plate method 平板划线法 shake tube method 稀释摇管法continuous culture 连续培养。
最全的生物学专业相关词汇【精选文档】
AAbdomen 腹〔部〕Abdominal cavity腹腔Abdominal muscle 腹肌Abiotic(1)非生物的﹐（2）无生命的Abscess 脓肿Absolute alcohol 无水酒精Absorption 吸收作用Accommodation调整作用Acetic acid 醋酸Acetic alcohol醋酸酒精Aceto-orcein 醋酸地衣红Acetylcholine乙醯胆碱Acid rain 酸雨Acquired immune deficiency syndrome （AIDS)后天免疫力缺乏症（艾滋病) Acquired immunity获得免疫﹔后天免疫Acromegaly 肢端巨大症Acrosome 顶体Actinomycete 放菌Activated sludge method活性污(淤）泥处理法Active immunity 自动免疫Active site 活性部位Active transport主动运输Adaptation 适应Addiction 瘾Adenine腺嘌呤Adenosine diphosphate (ADP）腺〔嘌呤核〕二磷酸﹔二磷酸腺Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)腺〔嘌呤核〕三磷酸﹔三磷酸腺Adipose tissue脂肪组织Adolescense青年期Adrenal cortex肾上腺皮质Adrenal gland肾上腺Adrenal medulla 肾上腺髓质Adrenaline肾上腺素Adulthood 成年期Aedes 伊蚊属Aeration tank曝气池Aerobe 需氧生物Aerobic respiration需氧呼吸Affective psychosis情感性精神病Afferent arteriole输入小动脉Afforestation造林Aflatoxin 黄曲霉素Afterbirth 胎盘胎膜Agar 琼脂Agar plate 琼脂平面Aging 衰老Agglutination凝集作用Agglutinin 凝集素Agglutinogen 凝集原Agranulocyte无粒白细胞﹔无粒白血球Aggression攻击性行为Ailment疾病Air pollution 空气染污Albinism白化Albumen蛋白Albumin白蛋白Alcohol 醇﹔酒精Alcohol dependence 酒Alcoholic 酗酒者Alcoholic fermentation酒精发酵Alcoholic posioning 醇中毒﹔酒精中毒Alcoholism (1) 酗酒﹐（2) 醇中毒﹔酒精中毒Alga 藻Alimentary canal 消化道﹔消化管Allele等位基因Allergy 过敏反应Alveolus肺泡Amino acid 胺基酸﹔氨基酸Amino group 胺基﹔氨基Ammonia 氨Ammonification 氨化作用Ammonifying bacteria 氨化细菌Amnesia 记忆缺失﹔遗忘〔症〕Amnion羊膜Amniotic cavity 羊膜腔Amniotic fluid羊水Amniotic sac 羊膜囊Amoeba变形虫Amoebic dysentery 变形虫性痢疾﹔阿米巴痢疾Amoeboid movement 变形运动Amphetamine安非他明Amphibian两栖动物Ampicillin氨青霉(霉）素Ampulla壶腹Amylase淀粉Anabolism组成代谢Anaemia贫血Anaerobe 厌氧生物Anaerobic缺氧的Anaerobic respiration 缺氧呼吸Anaesthesia 麻醉法Anaesthetic 麻醉剂Analgesic 镇痛剂Androgen 雄激素Angina 绞痛Animal husbandry 畜牧〔业〕Ankle 踝Anopheles 按蚊属Anorexia nervosa 厌食Antagonistic muscle拮抗肌Anterior pituitary 脑垂体前叶Anterior vena cava前腔大静脉Anthrax 炭疽Anthropoid 类人猿Antibiotic 抗生素﹔抗菌素Antibiotic disc 抗生素片Antibody 抗体Anticoagulant抗凝血剂Anti-depressant 抗抑郁药Antidiuretic hormone (ADH）抗利尿激素Antigen 抗原Antihistamine 抗组胺药Antioxidant 抗氧化剂Antiperspirant 止汗药Antipsychotic drug 精神抑制药Antiseptic 防腐剂Antisocial act 反社会性行为Antitoxin 抗毒素Anxiety 焦虑Anus 肛门Aorta 大动脉Ape 人猿Appendicitis阑尾炎Appendicular skeleton 附肢骨骼Appendix 阑尾Aquaculture水产养殖Aqueous humour 水状液Arrector pili 竖毛肌Arterial pressure 动脉血压Arterial system 动脉系统Arteriole 小动脉Arteriosclerosis 动脉硬化Artery 动脉Arthritis关节炎Articular capsule 关节囊Articular cartilage 关节软骨Artificial respiration 人工呼吸Asbestos 石棉Asbestosis石棉沉着病Ascariasis 蛔虫病Ascaris 蛔虫Ascaris lumbricoides 人蛔虫Ascorbate 抗坏血酸盐Ascorbic acid抗坏血酸Asepsis 无菌法Aseptic technique 无菌技术Aspirin 阿司匹林Assimilation同化作用Association area 联合区Association neurone 联合神经元Asthma气喘﹔哮喘Astigmatism散光Atheroma, atherosclerosis 动脉粥样硬化Athlete’s foot 脚癣Atlas 寰椎Atrial systole心房收缩期Atrioventricular node房室结Atrioventricular valve房室瓣Atrium心房Atrophy 萎缩Attenuation 减毒作用Auditory canal 听道Auditory nerve 听神经Auditory ossicle听小骨Aureomycin 金霉（霉）索Auricle心耳Australoid 棕种；澳大利亚人种Autoclave高压灭菌器;消毒蒸锅Autolysis 自主溶解Autonomic nervous system自主神经系统Autosome 常染色体；体染色体Autotroph自养生物Autotrophic nutrition自养营养Axial sketelon 中轴骨骼Axis 枢椎Axon 轴突Azobacter 定氮菌BBaboon 狒狒Bacillus 杆菌Bacillus anthracis 炭疽杆菌Bacillus megatherium巨大芽胞杆菌Bacillus subtilus 枯草杆菌Bacillus typhosus 伤寒沙门杆菌Backbone 柱Background radiation 本底辐射Bactericidal 杀菌的Bactericide杀〔细〕菌剂Bacterium 细菌Balance of nature 自然平衡Balanced diet 均衡膳食Ball and socket joint 球窝关节Barbiturate 巴比妥盐Barnacle藤壶Barrier method 屏障法Basal metabolic rate (BMR）基础代谢率Basal metabolism基础代谢Base pair 碱基对Base sequence 碱基顺序Basement membrane 基底膜Basilar membrane 基膜B.C.G. (Bacille Calmette—Guerin）vaccine 卡介苗Beaker 烧杯Beef extract 牛肉汁Bell jar 钟形罩Benedict’s solution 本立德溶液Benedict’s test本立德试验Beri beri脚气病Bicarbonate indicator 重碳酸盐指示剂Biceps二头肌Bicuspid valve二尖瓣Bile 胆汁Bile duct 胆管Bile pigment 胆色素Bile salt 胆盐Bilirubin 胆红素Biliverdin 胆绿素Binary fission二分体分裂Binocular vision 双眼视觉Binomial nomenclature双名法Binomial system 双名法Biochemical 生化的Biochemical oxygen demand (B.O.D）生化需氧量Biocide 杀生物剂Biodegradable生物可降解的Biological control 生物防治Biological fitler method 生物过滤法Biological indicator 生物指示者Biomass 生物量Biome生物群落Biosphere 生物圈Biosynthesis生物合成Biotic (1）生物的﹐(2）有生命的Biotic community 生物群落Bird 鸟Birth 分娩Birth control 控制生育﹔节育Biuret test二缩试验Bladder （1)囊﹐(2)膀胱Bladderworm 囊尾幼虫Blind spot 盲点Blinking reflex 瞬目反应Blood 血〔液〕Blood alcohol concentration (BAC) 血酒精浓度Blood capillary 微血管Blood cell 血细胞Blood circulation 血液循环Blood clot 血凝块Blood clotting 凝血作用Blood group 血型Blood pressure 血压Blood sinus血窦Blood smear 血涂片Blood stream 血流Blood sugar 血糖Blood transfusion输血Blood vessel 血管Blue asbestos 青石棉Body 躯体Body cavity 体腔Body fluid 体液Trunk 躯干Body tube 镜筒Boil 疖Boiling tube 大试管Bolus 食团Bone 骨Bone marrow 骨髓Bone tissue 骨组织Bony labyrinth骨迷路Booster 加强剂Bordetella pertussis百日咳杆菌Botulism 肉毒中毒Bowman 's capsule鲍〔曼〕氏囊﹔肾小球囊Brachial artery 肱动脉Brain 脑Breast bone 胸骨Breathing 呼吸Breathing rate 呼吸率Breeding 育种Bristle 刚毛Broad spectrum antibiotics广谱抗生素Bromothymol blue溴百里香酚蓝Bronchiole 小支气管Bronchitis支气管炎Bronchus 支气管Broth 液体培养基Bubonic plague 黑死病Buccal cavity 口腔Buffer 缓冲剂BugBulbourethral gland 尿道球腺Bulimia nerovsa贪食﹔食欲过盛Bunsen burner 本生灯CCaddisfly石蛾Caddisfly larva 石蚕Caecum盲肠Caesarian section剖腹取子术Caffeine咖啡因Calciferol （vitamin D)化醇Calcification 化作用Calcium carbonate 碳酸Calculus 齿石Calf muscle 小腿肌肉Calorie卡〔路里〕Calorific value 热值﹔卡值Calorimeter 量热器Cancer 癌Cancerous cell癌细胞Candiada 念珠菌属Candiada albicans 白色念珠菌Canine犬齿Cannabis 大麻Cannabis sativa 大麻Canopy (1)树冠﹐(2)冠层Capillary 微血管Capillary bed 微血管床Capillary network 微血管网Capillary tube 毛细管Capsular ligament囊状带Caramel 焦糖Carbaminohaemoglobin碳胺血红蛋白﹔碳胺血红素Carbohaemoglobin 碳酸血红蛋白﹔碳酸血红素Carbohydrase 碳水化合物Carbohydrate 碳水化合物Carbon cycle 碳循环Carbon dioxide 二氧化碳Carbon monoxide 一氧化碳Carbon monoxide haemoglobin 一氧化碳血红蛋白﹔一氧化碳血红素Carbonic anhydrase 碳酸Carboxyhaemoglobin 碳氧血红蛋白﹔碳氧血红素Carcinogen致癌物Carcinoma癌Cardiac cycle 心搏周期Cardia muscle 心〔脏〕肌Cardiac output 心输出量Cardiac sphincter贲门括约肌Cardiac volume 心容量Cardiovascular disease 心血管疾病Carnivore食肉生物Carotene 胡萝卜素Carotid artery 颈动脉Carpal 腕骨Cartilage 软骨Casein 酪蛋白Casualty急症室Catabolism分解代谢Catalase 过氧化氢Catalyst 催化剂Cataract白内障Caucasoid 白种﹔高加索人种Caudal vertebra 尾椎Cavity 腔Cell 细胞Cell body 〔细〕胞体Cell division 细胞分裂Cell membrane 细胞膜Cell sap 细胞液Cell theory 细胞学说Cell wall 细胞璧Cellular respiration 细胞呼吸〔作用〕Cellulase 纤维素Cellulose 纤维素Cement 牙骨质﹔白垩质Cementum 牙骨质Centipede 蜈蚣﹔百足Central canal 中心管Central dogma 中心法则Central nervous system 中枢神经系统Centrifuge离心机Centriole中心粒Centromere丝点Centrum 椎体Ceramic wire gauze 陶瓷铁丝网Cerebellum小脑Cerebral cortex大脑皮层Cerebral hemisphere 大脑半球Cerebral thrombosis脑血栓形成Cerebral ventricle 脑室Cerebrospinal fluid脑髓液Cerebrum大脑Cerumen 聍﹔耳垢Ceruminous gland 聍腺Cervical vertebra颈椎Cervix（1）颈﹐（2）子宫颈Chancre 下疳Character （1)性状﹐(2)特征Cheek cell 颊上皮细胞Chemoreceptor化学感受器Chemotherapy 化学疗法Chiasma 交叉Chickenpox 水痘Child birth 分娩Childhood 儿童期Chimpanzee 黑猩猩Chinese liver fluke 中华肝吸虫Chloramphenicol 氯霉(霉)素Chlorination 加氯消毒法Chloroform氯仿Chlorophyll叶绿素Chloroplast叶绿体Choking 气哽﹔气阻Cholera霍乱Cholesterol胆固醇Chordae tendineae腱索Chorion 绒〔毛〕膜Choroid脉胳膜Chorionic villi绒毛膜绒毛Chromatid 染色单体Chromatin 染色质Chromomere 染色粒Chromonema 染色丝Chromosomal aberration染色体畸变Chromosomal duplication染色体复制Chromosome 染色体Chromosome number染色体数GGalactose 半乳糖Gall bladder 胆囊Gamete 配子Gametogenesis 配子形成Ganglion 神经节Gas cylinder 气体钢筒Gaseous exchange 气体交换Gastric gland 胃腺Gastric juice 胃液Gastrin 促胃液素Gastrointestinal tract 胃肠管Gel 凝胶Gelatin 明胶Gelatinous plate 胶质块Gene 基因Gene mutation 基因突变Gene segregation 基因分离General practitioner (GP）普通科医生Generation 〔世〕代Genetic carrier 遗传载体Genetic code 遗传密码Genetic material 遗传物质Genetics 遗传学Genital herpes 生殖器疹Genital organ 生殖器Genital warts 生殖器疣Genotype 基因型Genus 属Germ 病菌German measles （Rubella）德国痲疹，〔病毒性〕风疹Germinative layer 生发层Gestation period 妊娠期Gibbon 长臂猿Gigantism 巨人症Gingiva 龈Gingivitis 龈炎Girdle 带Glacial acetic acid 无水醋酸Gland 腺Glandular cell 腺细胞Glans penis 阴茎头Glass rod 玻璃棒Glass tubing 玻璃管Glenoid 肩臼Gliding joint 滑动关节Globulin 球蛋白Glomerular filtrate 肾小球滤液Glomerulus 肾小球Glottis 声门Glucagon 高血糖素Glucose 葡萄糖Glyceride 甘油酯Glycerine 甘油Glycerol 甘油糖原Glycogen 糖原Glycolysis 糖酵解Goblet cell 杯状细胞Goitre 甲状腺肿Golgi body 高尔基体Gonad 生殖腺，性腺Gonadotrophin 促性腺激素Gonococcus 淋球菌Gonorrhoea 淋病Gorilla 大猩猩Graafian follicle 囊状卵泡Granular layer 〔颗〕粒层Granulocyte 颗粒白〔血〕细胞，颗粒白血球Grassland habitat 草原生境Green revolution 绿色革命Greenhouse effect 温室效应Grey matter 灰质Grid 格子Griseofulvin 灰黄霉（霉) 素Grit chamber/tank 砂砾池Growth 生长Growth hormone （GH) 生长激素Growth spurt 速长期Guanine 鸟〔粪〕嘌呤Gum 齿龈Gum disease 齿龈病Gynecology 妇科HHabitat 生境Habituation 习惯形成,成瘾Haemoglobin 血红蛋白,血红素Haemolysis 溶血作用Haemophilia 血友病Haemorrhage 出血Hair 毛〔发〕Hair cell 毛细胞Hair follicle 毛囊Hair papilla 毛乳头Hair plexus 毛丛Hair shaft 毛干Hallucination 幻觉Hallucinogen 致幻剂Hand lens 放大镜Haploid 单倍体Hard palate 硬腭Haversian canal 哈〔弗〕氏管Hay fever 枯草热,花粉病Head 头Hearing 听〔觉〕Heart 心〔脏〕Heart cycle 心搏周期Heart failure 心力衰竭Heart muscle 心〔脏〕肌Heart sound 心音Heartbeat 心搏Heartbeat rate 心搏率Heat cramp 热痉挛Heat receptor 热觉感受器Heat stroke 中暑Hematocrit 血细胞比容﹔血细胞容量计Heparin 肝素Hepatic artery 肝动脉Hepatic portal vein 肝门静脉Hepatic vein 肝静脉Hepatitis 肝炎Herb 草本植物Herbicide 除莠剂﹔除草剂Herbivore 草食性动物Hereditary disease 遗传〔性疾〕病Hereditary 遗传Hermaphrodite 雌雄同体Hermit crab 借居蟹Heroin 海洛因Herpes 疹Heterotroph 异养生物Heterotrophic nutrition 异养营养Heterozygote 杂合子Heterozygous 杂合的High power objective 高倍〔接〕物镜Hind brain 后脑Hinge joint 铰链关节Hip girdle 腰带Hip joint 髋关节Histamine 组〔织〕胺Historgram 直方图Histology 组织学Homeostasis 体内平衡Homeostatic mechanism 体内平衡机制Hominoid 人科Homo sapiens 智人Homoiotherm 恒温动物Homoiothermy 恒温Homologous chromosomes 同源染色体Homozygote 纯合子Homozygous 纯合的HookHormonal coordination 激素协调Hormone 激素Host 寄主Human growth curve 人类生长曲Human species 人种Human torso 人体躯干模型Humerus 肱骨,上膊骨Humus 腐殖质Humus tank 腐殖质池Hyaline cartilage 透明软骨Hydrilla 黑藻Hydrocarbon 碳氢化合物Hydrochloric acid 盐酸Hydrogencarbonate indicator 碳酸氢盐指示剂Hydrogen peroxide 过氧化氢Hydrogen sulphide 硫化氢Hydrolysis 水解作用Hymen 处女膜Hypermetropia （longsight) 远视Hypertension 高血压Hypertonic solution 高渗溶液Hyperventilation 过度换气Hypha 菌丝Hypnotic 催眠药Hypochondria 疑病(症) Hypodermal injection 皮下注射Hypothalaums 下丘脑Hypothermia 低温Hypothesis 假说Hypotonic solution 低渗溶液Hysteria 病，歇斯底里IIce bath 冰浴Ileum 回肠Iliac artery 髂骨动物,肠骨动脉Ilium 髂骨，肠骨Immovable joint 不动关节Immune response 免疫反应Immunity 免疫〔性〕Immunization 免疫接种作用﹔免疫法Immunization programme 免疫计划Implantation 植入Impulse 脉冲Incisor 门齿,切齿Inclusion 内含体Incomplete dominance 不完全显性Incubation period 潜伏期Incubator 恒温箱Incus 砧骨Indigestion 消化不良Individual 个体Infancy 婴儿期Infection 传染Infectious disease 传染病Inferior vena cava 下腔大静脉Inflammation 炎〔症〕Inflammatory response 炎性反应Influenza 流行性感冒Ingestion 摄食Inhalation 吸气Inheritance 遗传Injection 注射Inner ear 内耳Inoculating loop 接种环Inoculating needle 接种针Inoculation 接种Insect 昆虫Insecticide 杀虫剂Insemination 授精Insertion, tendon 肌止Inspiration 吸气Insulin 胰岛素Integration 整合作用Intelligence quotient （IQ) 智商Intercostal muscle 肋间肌Interferon 干扰素Internal fertilization 体内受精Internal respiration 内呼吸Interneurone 中间神经元Interstitial cell 间质细胞Intertidal zone 潮间带Intervertebral disc 椎间盘Intestinal gland 肠腺Intestinal juice 肠液Intestine 肠Intoxication 中毒Intracellular 细胞内的Intracellular enzyme 细胞内Intracellular fluid 〔细〕胞内液Intra—uterine device （IUD) 子宫环Intravenous injection 静注射Invertebrate 无椎动物Involuntary 不随意的Involuntary muscle 不随意肌Iodine 碘Iodine solution 碘液Iodine test 碘液试验Iris 虹膜Iris diaphragm 虹膜式光栏Irritability 感应性Irritant 刺激物Ischium 坐骨Inshihara test 石原氏视力试验Islets of Langerhans 胰岛Isotonic 等渗的Isotonic solution 等渗溶液JJar 瓶Jaw 颚Jejunum 空肠Joint 关节Joint capsule 关节囊Joule (J) 焦耳Jugular vein 颈静脉KKaposis sarcoma 卡波济肉瘤Karyotype 核型图Katabolism 分解代谢Keratin 角蛋白Key 检索表Kidney 肾〔脏〕Kidney tubule 肾小管Kilojoule (KJ) 千焦耳Kingdom 界Knee 膝Knee cap 膝盖Knee jerk reflex 膝跃反射Knee joint 膝关节Krause end bulb 球状终球Kwashiorkor 加西卡，蛋白缺乏病Kymograph转筒记录器LLabel 标记，标签Labium 唇Labour 分娩Lachrymal duct 泪管Lachrymal gland 泪腺Lactase 乳糖Lactation 泌乳作用Lacteal 乳糜管Lactic acid 乳酸Lactobacillus acidophilus 嗜乳酸杆菌Lactose 乳糖Lancet 刺血针Large intestine 大肠Larva 幼虫Larynx 喉Leaching 淋溶Lead acetate paper 醋酸铅试纸Lecithin 卵磷脂Leech 蚂蟥Leguminous plant豆科植物Lemur 狐猴Lens 晶〔状〕体Leprosy 麻疯Lesion 损害,病损Leucocyte 白细胞,白血球Leukaemia 白血病Level of organization 组织层次Librium 利眠宁Lice 虱Lichen 地衣Life cycle 生命史，生命周期Life history 生命史，生命周期Ligament 韧带Limb 肢Limb bone 肢骨Limb water 石灰水LimpetLinkage 连锁Lipase 脂〔肪〕Lipid 脂类Liver 肝〔脏〕Liver fluke 肝吸虫，肝蛭Liverwort 苔Living organism 生命有机体Living system 生命系统Lochia 产褥排泄﹔恶露"Llock and key" hypothesis 锁钥假说Locus 位点Long bone 长骨Longitudinal muscle 纵肌Longitudinal section 纵切面Long sight 远视Loop of Henle 亨利氏套Low power objective 低倍〔接〕物镜Lower jaw 下颚Lower limb 下肢Lower limb bone 下肢骨LSD (lysergic acid diethylamine) 二乙麦角胺Lumbar vertebra 腰椎Lumen 腔Lung 肺〔脏〕Luteinizing hormone （LH）促黄体素Lymph 淋巴Lymph capillary 淋巴微管Lymph circulation 淋巴循环Lymph duct 淋巴管Lymph flow 淋巴流Lymph gland 淋巴腺Lymph node 淋巴结Lymph vessel 淋巴管Lymphatic 淋巴的Lymphatic system 淋巴系统Lymphatic valve 淋巴管瓣Lymphocyte 淋巴细胞,淋巴球Lymphoid tissue 淋巴组织Lysin 〔细胞〕溶素Lysozyme 溶菌MMac Conkey agar plate 麦康基氏琼脂平面Macrophage 巨噬细胞Maggot 蛆Malaria 疟疾Male 男性Malignant tumour 恶性肿瘤Malleus 锤骨Malnutrition 营养不良Malpighian corpuscle 马〔尔皮基〕氏球Malpighian layer 马〔尔皮基〕氏层Maltase 麦芽糖Maltose 麦芽糖Mammal 哺乳动物Mammary gland 乳腺Mania 躁狂Manometer 液体压强计Mantoux test 结核菌素皮内试验Marasmus 消瘦Marijuana 大麻Marrow (1）髓,（2) 骨髓Maternal care 孕妇保健Matrix 基质Maturation 成熟Maturity (1）成熟，(2) 成熟度Measles 麻疹Mayfly nymph 蜉蝣若虫Measuring cylinder 量筒Mechanism 机制﹔机理Medical ward 内科病房Medium (1) 培养基(2）介质Medulla 髓〔质〕Medulla oblongata 延脑,延髓Medullated nerve fibre 有髓鞘神经纤维Meiosis 减数分裂Meissner corpuscle 梅〔斯纳〕氏小体Melanin 黑色素Melanocyte 黑素细胞Membranous labyrinth 膜迷路Meninx 脑膜Meninges 脑膜Meningitis 脑膜炎Menopause 绝经Menstrual cycle 月经周期Menstruation, menses 月经Mental derangement 精神错乱Mental health 心理健康Mental illness 精神病Mental retardation 弱智Mercury 汞Mercury poisoning 汞中毒Mesenteric artery 肠系膜动脉Mesentery 肠系膜Messenger RNA 信使核糖核酸Metabolic activity 代谢活动Metabolic disorder 代谢失调Metabolism 代谢作用Metabolite 代谢物Metacarpal 掌骨Metaphosphoric acid 偏磷酸Metaphysis 干端Metatarsal 跖骨Methadone 美沙酮Methylene blue 亚甲蓝Methy—red 甲基红Microbe 微生物Microorganism 微生物Microprojector 显微投影器Microscope 显微镜Microvillus 微绒毛Micturition 排尿Midbrain 中脑Middle ear 中耳Midlife 中年期Milk dentition 乳齿〔齿〕系Milk teeth 乳齿Millipede 马陆,千足虫Minamata disease 水病Mineral 矿物质MiteMitochondrion 粒体Mitosis 有丝分裂Mitral valve 僧帽瓣Molar 臼齿Mongoloid 黄种，蒙古人种Monkey 猴Monoculture 单种裁培Monocyte 单核白〔血〕细胞,单核白血球Monoglyceride 甘油酯Monohybrid 单基因杂种Monoploid 单倍体Monosaccharide 单糖Monosodium glutamate 麦夫胺酸钠，谷氨酸钠Mood altering drug 改变情绪药物Morphine 吗啡Morphology 形态学Mortar and pestle 研钵及研杵Moss 藓Motor ability 动作能力Motor area 运动区Motor end plate 运动终板Motor nerve 运动神经Motor nerve ending 运动神经末梢Motor nerve fibre 运动神经纤维Motor neurone 运动神经元Mould 霉〔菌〕，霉〔菌〕Mounting needle 装片针Mouth cavity 口腔Movable joint 活动关节Movement 运动Mucosa 黏膜Mucothermic method 基〔层体〕温避孕法Mucous membrane 黏膜Mucus 黏液Multicellular 多细胞的Multiple allele 复等位基因Mumps 流行性腮腺炎Muscle 肌〔肉〕Muscle bundle 肌束Muscle cell 肌细胞Muscle contraction 肌肉收缩Muscle fibre 肌纤维Muscle tone 肌紧张Musclar layer 肌肉层Musclar system 肌肉系统Mushroom 菇类Mussel 贻贝Mutation 突变Mutualism 互利共生Mycelium 菌丝体Mycobacterium tuberculosis 结核杆菌Myelin 髓磷酯,髓鞘质Myelin sheath 髓鞘Myelinated nerve 有髓神经Myopia 近视Myxodema 黏液性水肿NNail 趾甲，指甲Narcissism 自恋Narcosis 痲醉Narcotic 痲醉剂Narrow spectrum antibiotic 狭谱抗生素Nasal cavity 鼻腔Nasal septum 鼻隔Natality 出生率Natural immunity 天然免疫Nausea 恶心Neck 颈Neck vertebra 颈椎Negroid 黑种，尼格罗种Neisseria gonorrhoeae 淋球菌Nematode 虫Neomycin 新霉(霉）素Nephron 肾元Nerve 神经Nerve cell 神经细胞Nerve ending 神经末梢Nerve fibre 神经纤维Nerve impulse 神经脉冲Nervous coordination 神经协调Nervous system 神经系统Nervous system 神经组织Nervous tissue 神经弓Neural arch 神经管Neural canal 神经管Neural spine 神经棘Neurilemma 神经膜,神经鞘Neurone 神经元Neurosis 神经机能病，神经〔官能〕症Neurotransmitter 神经递质Nicotine 烟碱Nicotinic acid 烟酸Night—blindness 夜盲症Nipple 乳头Nitrate bacteria 硝酸细菌Nitrification 硝化作用Nitrifying bacteria 硝化细菌Nitrite bacteria 亚硝酸细菌Nitrobacter 硝化细菌Nitrobacteria 硝化细菌Nitrogen cycle 氮循环Nitrogen fixation 固氮作用Nitrogen fixing bacteria 固氮细菌Nitrogenous waste 氮性废物Nitrosomonas 亚硝化单胞菌Nocturnal emission 梦遗Node of Ranvier 郎〔飞〕氏结Nodule，root 根瘤Nondegradable 非降解性Non-disjunction 不分离现象Non—medullated nerve 无髓神经Non—myelinated nerve 无髓神经Non—renewable resource 非再生资源Non—specific urethritis 非特异性尿道炎Nosepiece 物镜转换器Nostril 鼻孔Notifiable disease 应具报疾病Nuclear membrane 核膜Nuclear pore 核膜孔Nucleic acid 核酸Nucleolus 核仁Nucleoplasm 核质Nucleotide 核酸Nucleus 〔细胞〕核Nutrient 营养素，养份Nutrient agar 营养琼脂Nutrient agar plate 营养琼脂平面Nutrient broth 营养液体培养基Nutrient cycle 营养循环Nutrient medium 营养培养基Nutrition 营养作用Nutritional disease 营养病Nutritive cell 营养细胞OObesity 肥胖Objective 〔接〕物镜Obligate 专性Oblique muscle 斜肌Obstetrics 产科Occupation disease 职业病Odontoid process 齿状突Oedema 水肿Oesoophagus 食道Oestradiol 雌二醇Oestrogen 雌激素Oil globule 脂肪球Old sight 老视Olfactory lobe 嗅叶Olfactory nerve 嗅神经Oligosaccharide 低聚醣Omnivore 杂食性动物Oogenesis 卵子发生Operation theatre 手术室Opiate 鸦片制剂Opisthorchis chinensis 华支睪吸虫Opposable thumb 对生拇指Opposing muscle 拮抗肌Opsonin 调理素Optic lobe 视叶Optic center 视觉中心Optic nerve 视神经Optimum 最适度Optimum pH 最适酸碱度Optimum temperature 最适温度Oral anti—poliomyelitis vaccine 口服小儿麻痹剂Oran—gutan 猩猩Orbit 眶，眼窝Orcein 地衣红Order 目Organ 器官Organ of Corti 哥蒂氏器官,螺旋器Organelle 细胞器Organic matter 有机质Organic substance 有机物Organism 生物,有机体Origin, tendon 肌始Osmoreceptor 渗〔透〕压感受器Osmoregulation 渗透调节Osmosis 渗透作用Osmotic balance 渗透平衡Osmotic potential 渗透潜能，渗透势Osmotic pressure 渗透压Ossicle 小骨Ossification 骨化作用Osteocyte 骨细胞Otolith 耳石Outer ear 外耳Oval window 卵圆窗Ovarian follicle 卵泡Ovary 卵巢Oven 烘箱Oviduct 输卵管Oviduct funnel 输卵管漏斗Ovulation 排卵Ovum 卵〔细胞〕Oxidation 氧化作用Oxygen 氧Oxygen cycle 氧循环Oxygen cylinder 氧气钢筒Oxygen debt 氧债Oxygenated blood 含氧血Oxygenation 氧合作用Oxyhaemoglobin 氧合血红蛋白氧合血红素Oxytocin 催产素Ozone 臭氧Coagulation 凝固Coarse adjustment knob 粗调节器粗调焦手轮Cocaine 古柯可卡因Coccus 球菌Coccyx 尾骨Cochlea 耳蜗Codeine 可待因Codominance 等显性Coitus 性交Cold receptor 冷觉感受器Collagen 胶原〔蛋白〕Collagen fibre 胶原纤维Collar bone 锁骨Collecting duct 集尿管Colloid 胶体Colloidal fluid 胶状液Colon 结肠Colonization 集群现像Colony (1）集群，群体（2)菌落Colostrum 初乳Colour-bilindness 色盲Colour vision 色觉Coma 昏迷Commensalism 片利共生Common cold 伤风Communicable disease 传染病Community 群落Community health 社会健康Community health service 社康服务Compact bone 密质骨Competiton 竞争Concentration 浓度Concentraton gradient 浓度梯度Conception 受孕Condensation 缩合反应Condenser 聚光器Conditioned reflex 条件反射Conditioning 条件作用Condom 避孕套Condyle 骨突Cone cell 视锥细胞Congenital 先天的Conical flask 圆锥瓶Coniferous forest 针叶林Conjunctiva 结膜Conjunctivis 结膜炎Connective tissue 结缔组织Connector neurone 联合神经元,联系神经元Conservation 保护，保持Constipation 便秘Consumer 消费者Contagious disease 接触传染病Contamination 污染Continuous variation 连续变异Contour ploughing 等高耕作Contraception 避孕Contraceptive barrier 避孕屏障Contraceptive pill 避孕丸Contraction 收缩Control 对照Convulsion 抽搐Coordination 协调Coping 顺应Copper sulphate 硫酸铜Cork 木栓Cornea 角膜Cornified layer 角质层Coronary artery 冠状动脉Coronary circulation 冠状循环Coronary heart disease 冠心病Coronary thrombosis 冠状动脉血栓形成Coronary vein 冠状静脉Corpus callosum 胼胝体Corpus luteum 黄体Cortex 皮层，皮质Corynebacterium diphtheriae 伤寒杆菌Cotton swab 棉花棒Cotton wool 棉絮Cough suppressant 咳嗽遏抑剂Coughing 咳〔嗽〕Country park 郊野公园Cover slip 盖玻片Cowper’s gland 高柏氏腺,尿道球腺Cowpox 牛痘Cramp 痉挛Cranial nerve 脑神经Cranium 颅Cretinism 呆小病Crop rotation 轮作Crossing over 互换，交换Crown，tooth 齿冠Crucible tong 坩埚钳Crustacean 甲壳类动物Culex 库蚊属Culture 培养物Culture bottle 培养瓶Culture medium 培养基Cusp 尖突Cyclop 剑水蚤Cyst 胞囊,囊Cytoplasm 细胞质Cytosine 胞嘧啶DDaugther 子代Dead space 无效空间Deamination脱胺作用﹔脱氨基作用Decant 倾注Decay 腐败Decibel (dB) 分贝Decidua 蜕膜Decomposer 分解者Decomposition 分解作用Decongestant 减充血剂Defaecation 排粪Deficiency disease 营养缺乏病Deforestation 滥伐〔林木〕Degeneration 退化Degenerative disease 退化病Degradation 降解作用Dementia 痴呆Demineralisation 脱矿质作用Denaturation 变性作用Denatured protein 变性蛋白Dendrite 树突Dendron 树突Denitrification反硝化作用﹔脱氮作用Denitrfying bacteria 反硝化细菌﹔脱氮细菌Dental caries 龋齿Dental floss 牙Dental formula 齿式Dentine 牙本质，象牙质Dentition 牙列Denture 牙托Deodorant 除臭剂Deoxygenated blood 缺氧血Deoxyribonucleic acid （DNA）脱氧核糖核酸Deoxyribose 脱氧核糖Deprementia 精神抑郁Depressant 抑制药﹔镇静剂Depression 抑郁Dermal papilla 真皮乳头Dermatitis 皮〔肤〕炎Dermis 真皮Detergent 清洁剂Detoxication 解毒作用Detritus (1) 碎屑(2）腐质Development 发育Diabetes mellitus 糖尿病Dialysis 透析作用Dialysis tubing 透析管Diaphragm （1）横膈膜﹐（2）光栏Diaphragm, contraceptive 子宫帽Diaphysis 骨干Diarrhoea 腹泻Diastole 心舒期Diastolic pressure 心舒压Diatom 硅藻Dichlorophenol indophenol （DCPIP）二氯酚靛酚Diet 膳食Dietary fibre 食用纤维Dieting 节食Differential air thermometer 相异空气温度计Differential permeability 分别透性Differentially permeable membrane 分别透〔性〕膜Differentiation 分化作用Diffusion 扩化作用Digestion 消化作用Digestive enzyme 消化Digestive gland 消化腺Digestive system 消化液Digestive tract 消化系统Digit 趾Diglyceride 甘油二酯Dilate 扩张Dilirium tremens 颤抖性谵妄Dilute 稀释Dinoflagellate 双鞭藻Dioptre 屈光度Dip net 掬网Dipeptide 二Diphtheria 白喉Diplococcus pneumoniae 肺炎双球菌Diploid 二倍体Disaccharide 二糖Discharge 流出Discontinuous variation 不连续变异Disease carrier 疾病媒介物Disinfectant 消毒剂Dislocation 脱位Dispensary 配药房Dissecting microscope 解剖显微镜Dissecting needle 解剖针Dissecting scissors 解剖剪Dissecting tray 解剖盘Dissection 解剖Distal convoluted tubule 远曲小管Divider 针规Dominace 显性Dorsal root 背根Dorsal root ganglion 背根节Double circulation 双循环Double helix 双螺旋Down syndrome 唐氏综合症状Dragonfly nymph 蜻蜓若虫Dressing 敷料Droplet infection 飞沬传染Dropper 滴管Dropping bottle 滴瓶Dropping funnel 滴液漏斗Dropping pipette 滴管Drug 药〔物〕Drug abuse 滥用药物Drug dependence 药瘾Drug resistance 抗药性Drug therapy 药物治疗Drug tolerance 药物耐受性Duckweed (1) 浮萍（2) 青萍Ductless gland 无管腺Duodenal gland 十二指肠腺Duodenum 十二指肠Duplication 复制Dwarfism 侏儒Dysentery 痢疾Dysorganization 行为发展反常EEar 耳Ear drum 耳膜Ear fluid 耳液Ear lobe 耳垂Ear ossicle 听小骨Ear pinna 耳壳Ear stone 耳石Eardrum 鼓膜Ecological niche 生态位Ecological pyramid 生态塔Ecological succession 生态演替Ecology 生态学Ecosystem 生态系统Ectoparasite 外寄生物Effector 反应器Efferent arteriole输出小动脉Effluent 废水Egestion 排遗作用Egg 卵Egg membrane 卵膜Ejaculation 射精Ejaculatory duct 射精管Elastic fibre 弹性纤维Elastic tissue 弹性组织Elbow 肘Elbow joint 肘关节Electron micrograph 电子显微照片Electron microscope 电子显微镜Embolism 栓塞Embolus 栓子Embryo 胚胎Embryonic membrane 胎膜Emphysema 肺气肿Emulsification 乳化作用Emulsifier 乳化剂Emulsion 乳剂Emulsion test 乳剂试验Enamel 牙釉质，珐琅质End brush 刷状末梢Endangered species 濒危物种Endemic disease 地方病Endocrine gland 内分泌腺Endocrine system 内分泌系统Endolymph 内淋巴Endometrium 子宫内膜Endoparasite 内寄生物Endoplasmic reticulum (ER）内质网Endoskeleton 内骨骼Endospore 内孢子Endothelium 内皮Energy flow 能量流Energy value 能量值Entamoeba histolytica 痢疾变形虫Enterokinase 肠激Environment 环境Environmental control环境控制Environment factor 环境因素Enzyme 素Enzyme specificity 专特性Epidemic disease流行病Epidermal cell 表皮细胞Epidermis 表皮Epidermophyton 表面癣菌属Epididymis 附睪Epiglottis 会厌〔软骨〕Epinephrine 肾上腺素EpiphysisEpiphyte 附生植物Epithelial cell 上皮细胞Epithelium 上皮Equatorial plate 赤道板Erectile tissue 勃起组织Erector 竖立肌Erepsin 肠蛋白Erosion 侵蚀Erythrocyte 红细胞,红血球Erythrosin 真曙红Escherichia coli （E。
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Aacceptor受体acetate 醋酸盐；醋酸根acetyl 乙酰基．actin 肌动蛋白actinomycinD 放线菌素 D activation 活化；激活active site活性中心adenine腺嘌呤adenosine腺嘌呤核苷adenosyl腺苷的adenovirus腺病毒adhering junctings粘着连接adhesion粘着；附着adjacent毗邻的adrenal 肾上腺的 ,肾上腺affinity亲和；吸引agar 琼脂，洋菜agarose 琼脂糖agency 媒介agent 剂aggregate聚合体albumin白蛋白，清蛋白allelc等位基因allele等位基因突变遗传因子allosteric modification别构修饰allosteric别构的Alzheimer ’s disease阿尔茨海默氏病amino 氨基的～acid氨基酸aminopeptidase 氨基肽酶amphibian 两栖动物amphipathic 两亲的两性的amylase 淀粉酶anaerobic 厌氧的analysis 分析，分解analyze 分析anaphase ( 细胞分裂的 ) 后期anaphase-promoting complex,APC 促后期复合物雄激素解剖学阴离子的适当的近似地，大约人工天冬氨酸星形(神经胶质 )，不对称的自动催化的replicatingsequence ARS 自主复制起序列autophagy 自噬作用axon 轴突Bbacteria细菌bacterial artificialchromosome, BAC 细菌人工染色体bacteriophage噬菌体basal cell carcinoma基层细胞癌base 碱基basement membrane 基膜bilayer双层binal双重的，两倍的，孪生的binding 结合位点blastocoele 囊胚腔blastoderm 胚盘blastomere 卵裂球blastula 囊胚Ccancerous 癌的 capsid ( 病毒 )衣壳carbohydrate 碳水化合物，糖类carbonate碳酸盐carboxy羧基carboxylation羧化作用carboxypeptidase羧肽酶carcinogen致癌剂carcinoma癌cardiovascular心血管的cell secretion细胞分泌centrifuge离心机cholesterol胆固醇chromatid染色单体chromatin染色质chromatography层析cis-acting element顺式autonomously细胞asymmetricautocatalyticartificial chromosomeappropriateapproximately染色体asparticastrocyteanionicanatomyanarogen作用元件cytosine胞嘧啶Ecis-Golgi network, CGN高尔cytoskeleton细胞骨架edoplasmic reticulum内质基内侧网络cytosol胞液，细胞溶质网cistron顺反子elaborate精细制作的，复杂clathrin-coated vesicle披D的网格蛋白小泡degrade使降解elastic connective tissue clone 克隆，无性系deletion染色体的缺失弹力结缔组织(Basidiomycetes)denaturation变性electrophoresis电泳coelom体腔dendrite树突embryo 胚，胚胎coenzyme 辅酶deoxyribonucleic acid脱氧embryogenesis胚胎发生coherent粘着的，连贯的核糖核酸embryology胚胎学competitive inhibitor竞争deoxyribonucleic脱氧核糖embryonic胚胎的性抵制剂核酸的encode 编码complementary互补的，补充deoxyribose脱氧核糖endocrine内分泌的dextran葡聚糖endocytic细胞内吞作用COPII coated vesicles COPII dialysis透析，渗析endocytosis胞吞作用被膜小泡differential centrifugation endoderm内胚层COPI coated vesicles COPI差速离心endomembranesystems内膜系被膜小泡differentiation分化统covalence 共价diffusion扩散，渗滤endoplasmic 内质的covalent bond共价键dilute稀释endoplasmic reticulum内质covalent共价dimensional维，度，元网cross-linked交联的dimer二聚体envelope包膜，包被culture培养，栽培Docking protein, DP停泊enzyme 酶cushion缓冲缓和蛋白epinephrine肾上腺素cyclin 细胞周期蛋白dodecyl十二烷基epithelial上皮的cyclin-dependentprotein donor 供体epithelium上皮kinases,CDK 细胞周期依赖性duplicate 复制ER retention signal内质网蛋白激酶dynamic 动力学的，动态的驻留信号cytochrome 细胞色素dyneins动力蛋白estrogen雌激素cytomembrane systeme膜系dysentery痢疾ethical伦理的，道德的统eukaryotic真核生物的cytoplasm 细胞质evolution进化，进展exon exotron外显子heterozygote杂合体isolation分离extracellular细胞外的heterozygous 杂合的isotonic等渗的extract v.抽提histone组蛋白homeostasis体内稳态JF Homo 人( 学名 )ferredoxin铁氧化还原蛋白homogenizer匀浆器Kfibroblast成纤维细胞homologous同源的karyotype核型，染色体组型filtration过滤作用homozygote 纯合体kidney肾frequency频率，次数homozygous 纯合的kinesins驱动蛋白fruit fly果蝇hormone 激素kinesis运动function功能，作用hydrophilic亲水的fungi 真菌hydrophobic疏水的Lfusion融合，融合体hypertonic高渗的lactose乳糖hypotonic低渗的Lamina 核纤层G lateral侧面的，横向的galactose半乳糖I lesion损害损毁病变病galactosidase半乳糖苷酶identical完全相同的，同一灶病斑病痕galactoside半乳糖苷的ligases连接酶genus 属，类immune 免疫的lipoprotein脂蛋白germ layer胚层immunoglobulin 免疫球蛋白luciferase荧光素酶Golgi body高尔基体immunology 免疫学lumen 腔Golgi complex高尔基复合体insulin胰岛素luminescence 生物发光gonad 性腺，生殖腺integrate整合lymph淋巴gonadotropin促性腺激素integrity完整，完全lympocyte淋巴细胞guanine鸟嘌呤intermediate中间的，中间产lysosome溶酶体物lysozyme溶菌酶H Intermediate filaments,lytic裂解的haploid单倍体IFs 中间纤维hereditary遗传internal内部的，体内的Mhereditary遗传的intracellular细胞内的macrophage 巨噬细胞heritable可遗传的intricate复杂的，错综的magnesium镁heritable可遗传的，被遗传intrinsic内部的，内在的malignant恶性的的intron内含子（基因内区）marrow 髓，骨髓matrix基质mechanism 机制meiosis减数分裂membrane-bound organelles 膜细胞器MembraneTrafficking膜运输metabolism新陈代谢metaphase 细胞分裂的中期microfilament微丝microglia小神经胶质细胞micron微米neuroglial神经胶质细胞的oligomer寡聚体，低聚体neuron神经元oligosaccharide寡糖neurotransmitter神经递质oncogene 癌基因neutral中性的operon 操纵子neutralize中和optimal最适宜的，最理想的nickel镍organelle细胞器，类器官nicotinamide烟酰胺organism生物体，有机体nitrate硝酸盐organize使成有机体nitric硝酸organogenesis器官发生nitrogen氮ovary 子房，卵巢noncoding非编码的microorganism微生物microplast微原生质体microscope显微镜microtube微管microtubule微管Microtubule organizing centers, MTOC微管组织中心mitosis有丝分裂Nuclear envelope核膜nuclear export signals, NES核输出信号nuclearlocalization signals,NLS 核定位信号nuclear pore complex孔复合体Ppaternal 父方的父系的Phagocytosis 吞噬作用phagocytize 吞噬pivotal 中枢的，关键的prolong 延长核prosthetic 辅基protease 蛋白酶mitotic有丝分裂的mitotic apparatus纺锤体又称为有丝分裂器modification修饰，修改monomer 单体Nnanometer 毫微米，纳米natural selection 自然选择nerve cord 神经索 nerve 神经nervous神经的neurilemma 神经膜neuroglia神经胶质细胞nucleic核酸nucleolar Qorganizing region,(NOR)核仁组织区Rnucleolus（复数 nucleoli）regulator gene调节基因核仁resin 树脂nucleoplasm核基质ribonucleic核糖核酸nucleoprotein核蛋白ribose 核糖nucleosome核小体核粒ribosomal RNA核糖体 RNA nucleotide 核苷酸ribosome核糖体nucleus细胞核rotational旋转的SO sarcoma 肉瘤obesity肥胖的semiconserevative 半保留的sickle-cell镰状细胞thyroid甲状腺的，甲状腺triglyceride甘油三酯smooth endoplasmic thyroid-stimulating hormone tumor肿瘤，瘤reticulum滑面内质网甲状腺刺激素tumorigenicity致瘤性sodium dodecyl sulfate十二thyroxine甲状腺素烷基硫酸钠tick蜱Usolubility溶解度，可溶性tight junctions紧密连接ultracentrifuge超速离心机soluble可溶的topography 地形ultraviolet紫外线somatic体细胞的torsion扭转Vsonication超声处理toxicity毒性vaccine 疫苗spiral 螺旋的toxin毒素viruses病毒splice剪接trace element超微量元素Wspontaneous自发的tracer示踪物Xsteroid类固醇tranposon 转座子Ytrans-acting factor反式作YAC酵母人工染色体stroma 间质用因子Zstructural gene结构基因transacetylase转乙酰基酶zinc 锌s transcript转录物转录本zygote合子，受精卵supercoil超螺旋transcription转录接种环 inoculating loop supernatant上清液transfer RNA转移 RNA灭菌器 syringe filters susceptible敏感的transfer传递，传输，变换保鲜膜 cling filmsynapse突触transform改变，转化烧杯 beakersynergistic协作的transformation转化容量瓶 volumetric flasktrans Golji network, TGN高量筒 graduated cylinderT尔基外侧网络漏斗 funneltelomere端粒translation翻译，平移称量纸 weighing paper termination终止translocation易位，转位，磁力搅拌器magnetic terminator终止子转运stirringthrombin凝血酶translocators易位子匀浆器 homogenixer thromboplastin促凝血酶原transmission传送，遗传摇床 shaker激酶transport by vesicles膜泡运分光光度计thylakoid类囊体输spectrophotometerthymine胸腺嘧啶trigger触发物，引发剂，触thymus 胸腺发。