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Springer论文模板要求说明书word2007word2010

Instructions for Using the Microsoft Word 2007/2010Proceedings Paper Template1Working with the Document Template1.1General InformationThe template, splnproc1110.dotm, has been designed for authors preparing a paper to be published in one of Springer’s computer science proceedings series. The template supports Word 2007 and newer.Predefined style formats are available for all the necessary structures to be included in the manuscript, and these formats can be quickly accessed using a custom ribbon tab provided with the template.For a detailed description of how to prepare your text, illustrations, and references, see the Author Guidelines for the Preparation of Contributions to Springer Computer Science Proceedings.1.2General Working PrinciplesThe macros are designed to work as intuitively as possible. All commands are applied to the selected text. If no text is selected, a macro is applied to the current cursor posi-tion. For example, if you have just typed your affiliation and you are going to con-tinue with writing your abstract, do not click ‘Abstract’ before having started a new paragraph. Otherwise the abstract format will be applied to the address information, where the cursor is still positioned.Always type your text first and then click on the button to format it!1.3Installing the TemplateCopy the template file splnproc1110.dotm into the directory where you want to save your manuscript. This will help you keep the document and its template together. If the document’s link to the template file is lost, the template’s custom ribbon and mac-ros are no longer available.We recommend to register this directory as a ‘trusted location’; this will eliminate the need to enable the template’s macros manually every time you open the document: ∙In Word 2007 click on the Office button and select Word Options.In Word 2010 click the File menu and select Options.∙Then click Trust Center→Trust Center Settings→Trusted Locations→Add new loca-tion to add the manuscript directory to the registered trusted locations.More detailed information on trusted locations can be found at / en-us/word-help/create-remove-or-change-a-trusted-location-for-your-files-HA010031999.aspx#BM15 (Word 2007) and at /en-us/word-help/create-remove-or-change-a-trusted-location-for-your-files-HA010031999.aspx?CTT=1#BM3 (Word 2010).2 Using the Microsoft Word 2007/2010 Proceedings Paper Template1.4How to Start Writing a New Document Using the Template∙If you have not yet started to write your paper, please open Windows Explorer, select the template file and click New in the file’s context menu to create a new document that is based on the template.Do not open the template out of Word via Office Button/File→Open. You would edit the template instead of creating a new document that is based on the template. ∙You can easily find out whether a new document has been created by looking at the window’s title: it should read ‘Document1’ (or Document2, Document3, etc.).∙If you have not registered the manuscript directory as a trusted location (see 1.3), you will see a security warning telling you that the macros have been disabled.Click to the button next to the warning to enable them manually. If you do not see the warning in the message bar, it might have been disabled (see /en-us/word-help/show-or-hide-the-message-bar-HA010210672.aspx).∙Save the document and name it with your name and a short form of the title (e.g., Smith_TitleOfMyPaper.doc).1.5How to Apply the Template to an Existing Document∙Open the file you would like to format and click Office Button→Word Options (Word 2007)/File→Options (Word 2010). Choose Add-Ins on the left side, then select Templates in the drop-down list at the bottom of the dialog. Click Attach in the dialog box that opens, navigate to your working directory, select the splnproc1110.dotm template, then click Open. Check the option Automatically update document styles and click OK.∙If you have not registered the manuscript directory as a trusted location (see 1.3), you will see a security warning telling you that the macros have been disabled.Click to the button next to the warning to enable them manually. If you do not see the warning in the message bar, it might have been disabled (see /en-us/word-help/show-or-hide-the-message-bar-HA010210672.aspx).∙Save the document, name it with your name and a short form of the title (e.g., Smith_TitleOfMyPaper.doc) and re-open it.∙On re-opening the document, click ‘yes’ if you are asked to adjust the page setup to the template’s default. This is because the page setup and some other document set-tings cannot be updated automatically by attaching the template. They are checked, though, whenever you open the document.Click ‘No’ whenever you are asked to save changes to the template.Using the Microsoft Word 2007/2010 Proceedings Paper Template 32 What the Ribbon’s Commands DoThe template’s ‘Springer Proceedings Macros’ ribbon consists of buttons for the available style elements in the template. To use one of these styles, first enter text and then click the button. The style will then be assigned to the paragraph that currentlyhas the cursor in it. The descriptions below show you how these elements work.Fig. 1. Custom ribbon ‘Springer Proceedings Macros’2.1How to Format the Header of Your PaperButtonEffectDescriptionFormats the contribution title∙ This button does not work if more than one paragraph is selected.∙ If a subtitle follows the title, the space after the paragraph is adjusted automatically.Formats acontribution subtitle∙ This button does not work if more than one paragraph is selected.∙ The spacing between the title and the subtitle is adjusted automatically.Formats the authors’ names∙ This button does not work if more than one paragraph is selected.Formats affiliation and address information∙ This button sets the paragraph format for any affiliation information including e-mail ad-dresses and URLs.∙ The font of e-mail addresses and URLs can be adjusted by using the ‘Email/URL’ but-ton.Formats e-mail addresses and URLs ∙ This button changes the font of the current text selection to a typewriter font.∙ If no text is selected, the word next to the current cursor position is formatted with the typewriter font.Formats the abstract∙ In addition to applying the appropriate para-graph format, the word ‘Abstract’ is added at the beginning of the first paragraph.Formats the keywords∙ This button does not work if more than one paragraph is selected.∙ The word ‘Keywords’ is added at the begin-ning of the paragraph if not yet present.4 Using the Microsoft Word 2007/2010 Proceedings Paper Template2.2 How to Format HeadingsButtonEffectDescriptionFormats a level 1 heading (numbered section heading) ∙ This button does not work if more than one paragraph is selected. ∙ If you want to create a heading without anumber, e.g., ‘References’, simply place the cursor at the beginning of the text and press the backspace key [←].Formats a level 2 heading (numbered subsection heading) ∙ This button does not work if more than one paragraph is selected. ∙ If you want to create a heading without anumber, simply place the cursor at the be-ginning of the text and press the backspace key [←].Formats a level 3 heading (bold run-in heading) ∙ This button does not work if more than one paragraph is selected.∙ If applied to selected text:The selection is formatted as bold run-in heading.∙ If applied to a paragraph:The first sentence, i.e., up to the first period, is formatted in bold font style as run-in heading. ∙ If applied to an empty paragraph:Bold font style is applied to any text then typed in. Once you have finished the heading, you should press the ‘Normal Text’ button to reset the character style to normal text again.Formats a level 4 heading (italic run-in heading) ∙ This button does not work if more than one paragraph is selected.∙ If applied to selected text:The selection is formatted as italic run-in heading.∙ If applied to a paragraph:The first sentence, i.e., up to the first period, is formatted in italic font style as run-in heading. ∙ If applied to an empty paragraph:Italic font style is applied to any text then typed in. Once you have finished the heading, you should press the ‘Normal Text’ button to reset the character style to normal text again.Using the Microsoft Word 2007/2010 Proceedings Paper Template 52.3 How to Create ListsButtonEffectDescriptionCreates an unnumbered list with bullet items/dash items on the 1st level ∙ This button applies a complete itemization scheme with multiple levels. ∙ The only difference between the two buttonsis that one starts with bullets and continues with dashes on the 2nd level, while the other starts with dashes and continues with bullets on the 2nd level.∙ Use the ‘list level’ buttons to set the levels and indents for nested lists.∙ Vertical space will only be added before and after a list. The spacing is adjusted automati-cally if you select a complete block of elements before clicking on one of the list buttons. Creates a numbered list with Arabic numerals on its 1st level ∙ Contains a numbering scheme with multiple levels. The 2nd level uses alphabetic charac-ters, the 3rd level uses lower case Romannumerals, and so on.∙ Use the ‘list level’ buttons to set the levels and indents of nested lists.∙ Vertical space will only be added before and after a list. The spacing is adjusted automati-cally if you select a complete block of elements before clicking on one of the list buttons. Restarts or continues a numbered list∙ Only works for numbered lists.∙ If more than one paragraph is selected, the button only applies to the first paragraph. Increases the level of an existing numbered or unnumbered list (increases the indentation)∙ Only works for text that has already beenformatted with one of the ‘Bullet item,’ ‘Dash item,’ or ‘Num item’ buttons before.∙ Please only use this button with nested lists. ∙ If you want to create, e.g., a numbered list with bulleted subitems, you should first select all items and click on the ‘Num item’ button. Then select the subitems and hit the ‘Dash item’ button. Finally, apply ‘List level up’ to the subitems. The indentation will be shifted to the next level and the dashes will be con-verted to bullets since bullets represent the second level of the ‘Dash item’ list template.Decreases the level of an existing numbered or unnumbered list (decreases the indentation) ∙ Only works for text that has already been formatted with one of the ‘Bullet item,’ ‘Dash item,’ or ‘Num item’ buttons and has been shifted to a higher level. ∙ Please only use this button with nested lists.6 Using the Microsoft Word 2007/2010 Proceedings Paper Template2.4 How to Format Text and ParagraphsButtonEffectDescriptionFormats normal text∙ Depending on the current selection, this but-ton either applies the default font or it applies the default paragraph format:∙ If an entire paragraph (or nothing) is selected, and the underlying format is different from the standard paragraph format: The standard paragraph format is applied to the selection. ∙ If an entire paragraph (or nothing) is selected, and the underlying format is already the stan-dard paragraph format: The standard charac-ter style is applied to the selection.∙ If text is selected that does not follow the default character style: The standard charac-ter style is applied to the selection.∙ If text is selected that already follows the default character style: The standard para-graph format is applied to the selection. ∙ If you want to apply the standard paragraph format and remove a nonstandard character style, simply click on the button twice.∙ Please note that standard paragraphs are not indented after headings, captions, lists, etc., but they have a first-line indent in all other cases.Inserts vertical space ∙ This button adds 6 pt (2.1 mm) of vertical space before the selected paragraph. Removes space before and after the current selection∙ This button clears any vertical space before and after the selected text.∙ If space remains after the button has been clicked, please check the preceding and/or the following paragraphs for their settings.Inserts a footnote∙ This button inserts a footnote at the current cursor position.∙ For remarks to the contribution title, the footnote character is automatically changed to a symbol (instead of a number).Formats a reference entry ∙ This command helps you format numberedreference lists.∙ The hanging indent of the reference items is automatically adjusted based on the total number of references.∙ If you prefer unnumbered references, simply place the cursor at the beginning of each ref-erence item and press the backspace key [←] to remove the number.Using the Microsoft Word 2007/2010 Proceedings Paper Template 72.5 How to Format Special Elements of Your PaperButtonEffectDescriptionInserts an image from an external file ∙ The image is always placed in an empty paragraph.∙ If the cursor is not in an empty paragraph when clicking on this button, a new para-graph is added after the current one, and the image is inserted there. Formats a figure caption ∙ In addition to applying the appropriate paragraph format, ‘Fig. [X]’ is added atthe beginning of the paragraph ([X] is an automatic counter that is updated when-ever the document is opened).∙ This macro does not work if more than one paragraph is selected.∙ If the caption runs over multiple lines the paragraph alignment is automatically switched to justified. Formats a table caption ∙ In addition to applying the appropriate paragraph format, ‘Table [X]’ is added atthe beginning of the paragraph ([X] is an automatic counter that is updated when-ever the document is opened).∙ This macro does not work if more than one paragraph is selected.∙ If the caption runs over multiple lines, the paragraph alignment is automatically switched to justified.Formats a displayed equation∙ Displayed equations are always centered between the text margins.∙ If you want to align the equal sign in mul-tiline displays, please use the alignment feature of the equation editor.Adds an equation num-ber to a displayed equa-tion∙ This button only works if the selected paragraph was formatted with the ‘Equa-tion’ button before.∙ The automatic counter that is inserted in the right margin is updated whenever the document is opened.Formats program list-ings and command sequences∙ Please note that the paragraph format includes tabulators every 4 mm that can help you adjust the indentation of code blocks.8 Using the Microsoft Word 2007/2010 Proceedings Paper Template3Frequently Asked QuestionsI do not see the ‘Springer Proceedings Macros’ ribbon – what’s the problem?If you do not see the ‘Springer Proceedings Macros’ ribbon described in this docu-ment or if they are not functional, it has probably been deactivated by your current macro security settings. In this case, please register the template’s directory register as a ‘trusted location’ as described in 1.3.To read more about the macro security in Microsoft Office and how they are con-figured, please check the information available at /en-us/word-help/enable-or-disable-macros-in-office-documents-HA010031071.aspx.I have attached the template to an existing document with the option ‘Automati-cally update styles’ activated, but the document is not or not fully adjusted to the Springer standard.There are three possible reasons: First, only formatting styles that already existed in your original document can be updated by the template. Second, only if those styles were used in your original document, adjusting them can have a visible effect. Third, please consider that individual modifications of certain styles are usually retained, even if the original styles are overwritten by a new template. In all three cases, you should simply re-apply the appropriate styles and click the button again.I have formatted a text element by clicking the respective button, but some of the selected style’s properties were obviously not applied.There might be a conflict between the underlying paragraph style and some individual character and paragraph formatting. Most buttons in the ribbon change the underlying style only and do not generally adjust individual formatting that might be present in the selected text. Solution: First reset the text formatting by clicking the ‘Normal Text’ button twice, then apply the desired style.The automatic numbering of sections and subsections seems to be corrupted. Please simply apply the H1 and H2 formats to the affected section headings or sub-section headings once again to correct the numbering.I would like to use special characters in my text – how should I insert them? Reformatting of running text, in which special characters such as Greek letters have been entered via the keyboard, can cause these characters to disappear. In order to avoid this problem, always insert special characters to your document from the menu point Insert→Symbol. In the Symbol dialog box, select the required character.November 11, 2011。

Springer-word模板

Lecture Notes in Computer Science:Authors’ Instructions for the Preparationof Camera-Ready Contributionsto LNCS/LNAI/LNBI ProceedingsAlfred Hofmann1,1, Brigitte Apfel1, Ursula Barth1, Christine Günther1, Ingrid Haas1, Frank Holzwarth1, Anna Kramer1, Leonie Kunz1,Nicole Sator1, Erika Siebert-Cole1 and Peter Straßer1,1 Springer-Verlag, Computer Science Editorial, Tiergartenstr. 17,69121 Heidelberg, Germany{Alfred.Hofmann, Brigitte.Apfel, Ursula.Barth, Christine.Guenther,Ingrid.Haas, Frank.Holzwarth, Anna.Kramer, Leonie.Kunz,Nicole.Sator, Erika.Siebert-Cole, Peter.Strasser, LNCS}@ Abstract. The abstract should summarize the contents of the paper and shouldcontain at least 70 and at most 150 words. It should be set in 9-point font sizeand should be inset 1.0 cm from the right and left margins. There should be twoblank (10-point) lines before and after the abstract. This document is in therequired format.Keywords: We would like to encourage you to list your keywords in thissection.1 IntroductionThis instruction file for Word users (there is a separate instruction file for LaTeX users) may be used as a template. Kindly send the final and checked Word and PDF files of your paper to the Contact Volume Editor. This is usually one of the organizers of the conference. You should make sure that the Word and the PDF files are identical and correct and that only one version of your paper is sent. It is not possible to update files at a later stage. Please note that we do not need the printed paper.We would like to draw your attention to the fact that it is not possible to modify a paper in any way, once it has been published. This applies to both the printed book and the online version of the publication. Every detail, including the order of the names of the authors, should be checked before the paper is sent to the Volume Editors.1Please note that the LNCS Editorial assumes that all authors have used the westernnaming convention, with given names preceding surnames. This determines thestructure of the names in the running heads and the author index.1.1 Checking the PDF FileKindly assure that the Contact Volume Editor is given the name and email address of the contact author for your paper. The Contact Volume Editor uses these details to compile a list for our production department at SPS in India. Once the files have been worked upon, SPS sends a copy of the final pdf of each paper to its contact author. The contact author is asked to check through the final pdf to make sure that no errors have crept in during the transfer or preparation of the files. This should not be seen as an opportunity to update or copyedit the papers, which is not possible due to time constraints. Only errors introduced during the preparation of the files will be corrected.This round of checking takes place about two weeks after the files have been sent to the Editorial by the Contact Volume Editor, i.e., roughly seven weeks before the start of the conference for conference proceedings, or seven weeks before the volume leaves the printer’s, for post-proceedings. If SPS does not receive a reply from a particular contact author, within the timeframe given, then it is presumed that the author has found no errors in the paper. The tight publication schedule of LNCS does not allow SPS to send reminders or search for alternative email addresses on the Internet.In some cases, it is the Contact Volume Editor that checks all the pdfs. In such cases, the authors are not involved in the checking phase.1.2 Additional Information Required by the Volume EditorIf you have more than one surname, please make sure that the Volume Editor knows how you are to be listed in the author index.1.3 Copyright FormsThe copyright form may be downloaded from the For Authors section of the LNCS Webpage: /lncs. Please send your signed copyright form to the Contact Volume Editor, either as a scanned pdf or by fax or by courier. One author may sign on behalf of all of the other authors of a particular paper. Digital signatures are acceptable.2 Paper PreparationThe printing area is 122 mm × 193 mm. The text should be justified to occupy the full line width, so that the right margin is not ragged, with words hyphenated as appropriate. Please fill pages so that the length of the text is no less than 180 mm, if possible.Use 10-point type for the name(s) of the author(s) and 9-point type for the address(es) and the abstract. For the main text, please use 10-point type and single-line spacing. We recommend the use of Computer Modern Roman or Times. Italictype may be used to emphasize words in running text. Bold type and underlining should be avoided.Papers not complying with the LNCS style will be reformatted. This can lead to an increase in the overall number of pages. We would therefore urge you not to squash your paper.Headings.Headings should be capitalized (i.e., nouns, verbs, and all other words except articles, prepositions, and conjunctions should be set with an initial capital) and should, with the exception of the title, be aligned to the left. Words joined by a hyphen are subject to a special rule. If the first word can stand alone, the second word should be capitalized. The font sizes are given in Table 1.Here are some examples of headings: "Criteria to Disprove Context-Freeness of Collage Languages", "On Correcting the Intrusion of Tracing Non-deterministic Programs by Software", "A User-Friendly and Extendable Data Distribution System", "Multi-flip Networks: Parallelizing GenSAT", "Self-determinations of Man".Table 1.Font sizes of headings. Table captions should always be positioned above the tables.Heading level Example Font size and styleTitle (centered) Lecture Notes …14 point, bold1st-level heading 1 Introduction12 point, bold2nd-level heading 2.1 Printing Area10 point, bold3rd-level heading Headings.Text fol lows …10 point, bold4th-level heading Remark.Text follows …10 point, italic Lemmas, Propositions, and Theorems.The numbers accorded to lemmas, propositions, and theorems, etc. should appear in consecutive order, starting with Lemma 1, and not, for example, with Lemma 11.2.1 FiguresPlease check that the lines in line drawings are not interrupted and have a constant width. Grids and details within the figures must be clearly legible and may not be written one on top of the other. Line drawings should have a resolution of at least 800 dpi (preferably 1200 dpi). The lettering in figures should have a height of 2 mm (10-point type). Figures should be numbered and should have a caption which should always be positioned under the figures, in contrast to the caption belonging to a table, which should always appear above the table. Please center the captions between the margins and set them in 9-point type (Fig. 1 shows an example). The distance between text and figure should be about 8 mm, the distance between figure and caption about 6 mm.To ensure that the reproduction of your illustrations is of a reasonable quality, we advise against the use of shading. The contrast should be as pronounced as possible.If screenshots are necessary, please make sure that you are happy with the print quality before you send the files.Remark 1. In the printed volumes, illustrations are generally black and white (halftones), and only in exceptional cases, and if the author is prepared to cover the extra costs involved, are colored pictures accepted. Colored pictures are welcome in the electronic version free of charge. If you send colored figures that are to be printed in black and white, please make sure that they really are legible in black and white. Some colors show up very poorly when printed in black and white.Fig. 1. One kernel at x s (dotted kernel) or two kernels at x i and x j (left and right) lead to the same summed estimate at x s. This shows a figure consisting of different types of lines. Elements of the figure described in the caption should be set in italics, in parentheses, as shown in this sample caption.2.2 FormulasDisplayed equations or formulas are centered and set on a separate line (with an extra line or halfline space above and below). Displayed expressions should be numbered for reference. The numbers should be consecutive within each section or within the contribution, with numbers enclosed in parentheses and set on the right margin.x + y = z . (1) Equations should be punctuated in the same way as ordinary text but with a small space before the end punctuation mark.2.3 FootnotesThe superscript numeral used to refer to a footnote appears in the text either directly after the word to be discussed or – in relation to a phrase or a sentence – following the punctuation mark (comma, semicolon, or period). Footnotes should appear at the bottom of the normal text area, with a line of about 5cm set immediately above them2.2.4 Program CodeProgram listings or program commands in the text are normally set in typewriter font, e.g., CMTT10 or Courier.Example of a Computer Program from Jensen K., Wirth N. (1991) Pascal user manual and report. Springer, New Yorkprogram Inflation (Output){Assuming annual inflation rates of 7%, 8%, and10%,... years};const MaxYears = 10;var Year: 0..MaxYears;Factor1, Factor2, Factor3: Real;beginYear := 0;2The footnote numeral is set flush left and the text follows with the usual word spacing.Factor1 := 1.0; Factor2 := 1.0; Factor3 := 1.0;WriteLn('Year 7% 8% 10%'); WriteLn;repeatYear := Year + 1;Factor1 := Factor1 * 1.07;Factor2 := Factor2 * 1.08;Factor3 := Factor3 * 1.10;WriteLn(Year:5,Factor1:7:3,Factor2:7:3,Factor3:7:3)until Year = MaxYearsend.2.5 CitationsFor citations in the text please use square brackets and consecutive numbers: [1], [2], [3], etc.2.6 Page Numbering and Running HeadsThere is no need to include page numbers. If your paper title is too long to serve as a running head, it will be shortened. Your suggestion as to how to shorten it would be most welcome.3 LNCS OnlineThe online version of the volume will be available in LNCS Online. Members of institutes subscribing to the Lecture Notes in Computer Science series have access to all the pdfs of all the online publications. Non-subscribers can only read as far as the abstracts. If they try to go beyond this point, they are automatically asked, whether they would like to order the pdf, and are given instructions as to how to do so.Please note that, if your email address is given in your paper, it will also be included in the meta data of the online version.4 BibTeX EntriesThe correct BibTeX entries for the Lecture Notes in Computer Science volumes can be found at the following Website shortly after the publication of the book: rmatik.uni-trier.de/~ley/db/journals/lncs.html Acknowledgments. The heading should be treated as a 3rd level heading and should not be assigned a number.5 The References SectionIn order to permit cross referencing within LNCS-Online, and eventually between different publishers and their online databases, LNCS will, from now on, be standardizing the format of the references. This new feature will increase the visibility of publications and facilitate academic research considerably. Please base your references on the examples below. References that don’t adhere to this style will be reformatted by Springer. You should therefore check your references thoroughly when you receive the final pdf of your paper. The reference section must be complete. You may not omit references. Instructions as to where to find a fuller version of the references are not permissible.We only accept references written using the latin alphabet. If the title of the book you are referring to is in Russian or Chinese, then please write (in Russian) or (in Chinese) at the end of the transcript or translation of the title.The following section shows a sample reference list with entries for journal articles [1], an LNCS chapter [2], a book [3], proceedings without editors [4] and [5], as well as a URL [6]. Please note that proceedings published in LNCS are not cited with their full titles, but with their acronyms!References1. Smith, T.F., Waterman, M.S.: Identification of Common Molecular Subsequences. J. Mol.Biol. 147, 195--197 (1981)2. May, P., Ehrlich, H.C., Steinke, T.: ZIB Structure Prediction Pipeline: Composing aComplex Biological Workflow through Web Services. In: Nagel, W.E., Walter, W.V., Lehner, W. (eds.) Euro-Par 2006. LNCS, vol. 4128, pp. 1148--1158. Springer, Heidelberg (2006)3. Foster, I., Kesselman, C.: The Grid: Blueprint for a New Computing Infrastructure. MorganKaufmann, San Francisco (1999)4. Czajkowski, K., Fitzgerald, S., Foster, I., Kesselman, C.: Grid Information Services forDistributed Resource Sharing. In: 10th IEEE International Symposium on High Performance Distributed Computing, pp. 181--184. IEEE Press, New York (2001)5. Foster, I., Kesselman, C., Nick, J., Tuecke, S.: The Physiology of the Grid: an Open GridServices Architecture for Distributed Systems Integration. Technical report, Global Grid Forum (2002)6. National Center for Biotechnology Information, Appendix: Springer-Author DiscountLNCS authors are entitled to a 33.3% discount off all Springer publications. Before placing an order, they should send an email to **********************************, giving full details of their Springer publication, to obtain a so-called token. This token is a number, which must be entered when placing an order via the Internet, in order to obtain the discount.Checklist of Items to be Sent to Volume Editors1.A final Word or RTF file2.A final PDF file3.A copyright form, signed by one author on behalf of all of the authors of the paper4.A readme giving the name and email address of the corresponding author。

template的用法

template的用法Template的用法Template是一种在编程中广泛使用的概念，它可以帮助程序员更加高效地编写代码。

在本文中，我们将探讨template的用法，以及它在不同编程语言中的应用。

我们需要了解template的定义。

Template是一种通用的编程工具，它可以在编译时或运行时根据参数生成代码。

这意味着程序员可以编写一次代码，然后使用不同的参数来生成多个版本的代码。

这种方法可以大大减少代码的重复性，提高代码的可维护性和可扩展性。

在C++中，template是一种非常强大的工具。

它可以用来定义通用的数据结构和算法，例如容器类和排序算法。

使用template，程序员可以编写一次代码，然后在不同的数据类型上进行实例化。

这使得程序员可以更加高效地编写代码，同时也可以提高代码的可读性和可维护性。

在Java中，template被称为泛型。

它可以用来定义通用的数据类型和算法，例如集合类和排序算法。

使用泛型，程序员可以编写一次代码，然后在不同的数据类型上进行实例化。

这使得程序员可以更加高效地编写代码，同时也可以提高代码的可读性和可维护性。

在Python中，template被称为模板。

它可以用来定义通用的数据类型和算法，例如列表和排序算法。

使用模板，程序员可以编写一次代码，然后在不同的数据类型上进行实例化。

这使得程序员可以更加高效地编写代码，同时也可以提高代码的可读性和可维护性。

template是一种非常有用的编程工具，它可以帮助程序员更加高效地编写代码。

无论是在C++、Java还是Python中，template都是一种非常重要的概念。

如果您是一名程序员，那么一定要学会使用template，这将使您的编程工作更加轻松和愉快。

施普林格的格式要求

施普林格的格式要求1. 介绍施普林格（Springer）是一家以科学、技术和医学为主题的出版公司。

对于投稿到施普林格的期刊或出版物，有一定的格式要求。

本文将详细探讨施普林格的格式要求，包括文本排版、图表、参考文献等方面的要求。

2. 文本排版要求文本排版对于提高文章的可读性和专业性非常重要。

下面是施普林格对于文本排版的要求：2.1 字体和字号施普林格要求使用Times New Roman字体，并使用12磅的字号。

标题应使用粗体，并根据级别使用不同的字号，一级标题使用14磅，二级标题使用12磅。

2.2 段落和行间距段落间距应设置为1.5倍行距。

行距应设置为1.15倍行距，这样可以方便读者阅读文本。

2.3 缩进和对齐段落应进行首行缩进，缩进距离为0.5英寸。

文本要求两端对齐，使得整篇文章的排版整齐。

2.4 引用和引号对于长篇引用，应在正文中使用缩进，并使用较小的字号。

引用的来源应明确标注，以避免剽窃行为。

对于短篇引用，可以使用引号，但应明确标明引用来源。

3. 图表要求图表在科技论文中起着重要的作用，它们可以直观地展示实验结果和数据。

下面是施普林格对于图表的要求：3.1 图片格式图片应以常见的格式如JPEG、PNG等保存，并具有较高的分辨率，以确保图片清晰可见。

3.2 图片位置和标注图片应嵌入在正文中相应的位置，并且应有相应的标题和标注，以便读者理解。

图表的编号应按照其在文章中的顺序进行，并在正文中进行引用。

3.3 表格格式表格应具有清晰的结构和格式，每行每列应具有准确的标注。

表格的编号和标题应与图片同样遵循施普林格的要求。

4. 参考文献要求参考文献是文章的重要组成部分，它体现了作者对前人工作的尊重和对相关研究的引用。

下面是施普林格对于参考文献的要求：4.1 引用格式施普林格要求使用APA或MLA等常用的引用格式，确保引用格式的一致性和准确性。

引用的来源应具有清晰的信息，包括作者、文章标题、期刊或书籍名称、发表日期等。

Spring3核心技术之JdbcTemplate

Spring3核心技术之JdbcTemplate Spring3核心技术之JdbcTemplateSpring对JDBC的支持 Spring通过抽象JDBC访问并提供一致的API来简化JDBC编程的工作量。

我们只需要声明SQL、调用合适的Spring JDBC框架API、处理结果集即可。

事务由Spring管理，并将JDBC受查异常转换为Spring一致的非受查异常，从而简化开发。

Java代码1. ....2. Connection conn = null;3. PreparedStatement pstmt = null;4. try {5. conn = getConnection(); //1.获取JDBC连接6. String sql = "select * from tableName"; //2.声明SQL7. pstmt = conn.prepareStatement(sql); //3.预编译SQL8. ResultSet rs = pstmt.executeQuery(); //4.执行SQL9. process(rs); //5.处理结果集10. closeResultSet(rs); //5.释放结果集11. closeStatement(pstmt); //6.释放Statement12. mit(); //8.提交事务13. } catch (Exception e) {14. //9.处理异常并回滚事务15. conn.rollback();16. throw e;17. } finally {18. //10.释放JDBC连接，防止JDBC连接不关闭造成的内存泄漏19. closeConnection(conn);20. }21. ....以上代码片段具有冗长、重复、容易忘记某一步骤从而导致出错、显示控制事务、显示处理受检查异常等等。

Spring主要提供JDBC模板方式、关系数据库对象化方式和SimpleJdbc方式三种方式来简化JDBC编程，这三种方式就是Spring JDBC的工作模式： Spring JDBC抽象框架core包提供了JDBC模板类，其中JdbcTemplate是core包的核心类，所以其他模板类都是基于它封装完成的，JDBC模板类是第一种工作模式。

Springer-word模板

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SpringJdbcTemplate教程及存储过程

SpringJdbcTemplate教程及存储过程JdbcTemplate主要提供以下五类方法：execute方法：可以用于执行任何SQL语句，一般用于执行DDL 语句；update方法及batchUpdate方法：update方法用于执行新增、修改、删除等语句；batchUpdate方法用于执行批处理相关语句；query方法及queryForXXX方法：用于执行查询相关语句；call方法：用于执行存储过程、函数相关语句。

JdbcTemplate类支持的回调类：预编译语句及存储过程创建回调：用于根据JdbcTemplate提供的连接创建相应的语句；PreparedStatementCreator：通过回调获取JdbcTemplate提供的Connection，由用户使用该Conncetion创建相关的PreparedStatement；CallableStatementCreator：通过回调获取JdbcTemplate提供的Connection，由用户使用该Conncetion创建相关的CallableStatement；预编译语句设值回调：用于给预编译语句相应参数设值；PreparedStatementSetter：通过回调获取JdbcT emplate提供的PreparedStatement，由用户来对相应的预编译语句相应参数设值；BatchPreparedStatementSetter：；类似于PreparedStatementSetter，但用于批处理，需要指定批处理大小；自定义功能回调：提供给用户一个扩展点，用户可以在指定类型的扩展点执行任何数量需要的操作；ConnectionCallback：通过回调获取JdbcT emplate提供的Connection，用户可在该Connection执行任何数量的操作；StatementCallback：通过回调获取JdbcTemplate提供的Statement，用户可以在该Statement执行任何数量的操作；PreparedStatementCallback：通过回调获取JdbcTemplate提供的PreparedStatement，用户可以在该PreparedStatement执行任何数量的操作；CallableStatementCallback：通过回调获取JdbcT emplate提供的CallableStatement，用户可以在该CallableStatement执行任何数量的操作；结果集处理回调：通过回调处理ResultSet或将ResultSet转换为需要的形式；RowMapper：用于将结果集每行数据转换为需要的类型，用户需实现方法mapRow(ResultSet rs, int rowNum)来完成将每行数据转换为相应的类型。

yaml中template的用法

yaml中template的用法1. YAML中Template的用法什么是Template？在YAML（YAML Ain’t Markup Language）中，Template是一种用于定义和渲染文本的模板语言。

它可以在YAML文件中结合变量、条件语句和循环结构，以动态生成输出结果。

Template的基本语法YAML中的Template使用双花括号“{{}}”来表示需要进行渲染的部分，其中包含模板表达式。

模板表达式可以是变量、条件语句或循环结构。

变量使用{{变量名}}的形式表示一个变量。

变量可以在模板中引用已定义的值，并动态替换。

示例：name: {{name}}条件语句使用{% if %}和{% endif %}来表示条件语句的开始和结束。

可以在条件语句中根据条件的成立与否输出不同的内容。

示例：{% if age >= 18 %}You are an adult.{% else %}You are a minor.{% endif %}循环结构使用{% for %}和{% endfor %}来表示循环结构的开始和结束。

可以在循环结构中遍历一个列表，并输出重复的内容。

示例：{% for item in items %}- {{ item }}{% endfor %}Template的高级用法除了基本的变量、条件语句和循环结构之外，Template还支持更多的高级用法，例如过滤器、宏等。

过滤器过滤器在模板表达式中使用管道符“|”来应用。

它可以对变量进行一些处理，如格式化、截取等。

示例：name: {{ name | capitalize }}宏宏是一种可以在模板中定义和重用的代码块。

使用{% macro %}和{% endmacro %}来定义和结束一个宏。

示例：{% macro say_hello(name) %}Hello, {{ name }}!{% endmacro %}{{ say_hello("Alice") }}2. 总结通过上述对YAML中Template的讲解，我们可以看到Template是一种强大的模板语言，可以在YAML文件中进行动态内容的生成。

SpringerLNCS模板

SpringerMaterials 数据库使用指南说明书

7 打開瀏覽器，瀏覽 SpringerMaterials 資料庫。

　網址：1. 開始使用使用幫助功能，可獲得有關如何設置查詢的精確說明，提供模擬檢索及使用指南透過化學元素周期表檢索圖書館員能輕鬆獲取相關訊息和所有管理資訊通過快速輸入功能顯示建議名稱及相關內容，縮短用戶鍵入過程7 在Landolt- Börnstein 書架中瀏覽，尋找印刷版圖書內容7 在化學元素周期表檢索中點擊元素，相關內容即顯示於左側按照主題領域或“書架”(bookshelf)功能瀏覽內容進階檢索 – 查詢物質／元素系統、屬性、分子式、CAS登記號以及參考文獻查詢物質/元素系統、屬性、分子式以及 CAS 登記號查詢參考文獻“您的查詢”字串會根據輸入的參數自動產生快速參考手冊快速及便利B C D記錄瀏覽過程，使檢索和內容結構相連與檢索資料有關的內容會顯示在檢索結果中，從而提供相關資訊介紹如何引用這篇文獻提供詳盡的文獻來源參考文獻列表用戶可下載 pdf格式全文可以選擇詳細或精簡結果顯示方式下載 pdf 格式全文或在書目訊息頁面獲取參考文獻書目資料V7942RG_SprM_QRef_v1_201003_CHT聯絡方法各代表處香港及澳門電話：+ 852-2723 9698傳真：+ 852-2724 2366電郵：springer.hongkong@ 北京崔曉瑩女士電話：+ 86-10-8267 0211傳真：+ 86-10-8267 0212電郵：**********************吉隆坡Ms Mandy SumTel: + 60-3-8076 4428Fax: + 60-3-8076 4484Email:**********************首爾Mr J.B. ParkTel: + 82-2-3142 9698Fax: + 82-2-3142 5768Email:********************台北羅宙康先生電話：+ 886-2-2703 3556傳真：+ 886-2-2703 1644電郵：*******************地區辦事處亞洲施普林格亞洲有限公司香港九龍灣宏照道33號國際交易中心1706-1707室電話：+ 852-2723 9698 傳真：+ 852-2724 2366電郵：******************************網址：。

SpringJdbcTemplate类的常用方法

SpringJdbcTemplate类的常用方法•execute(String sql)可执行任何sql语句，但返回值是void，所以一般用于数据库的新建、修改、删除和数据表记录的增删改。

•int update(String sql)•int update(String sql, Object...args)增删改，args传递实参，返回受影响的记录数。

•int[] batchUpdate(String...sql)•int[] batchUpdate(String...sql, List<Object[]> args)批量执行sql语句（增删改），返回受影响的记录数。

•setMaxRows(int max) //设置返回的最大记录数•setQueryTimeout(int timeout) //设置查询超时•setDataSource(DataSource dataSource) //设置数据源以上3个方法都有对应的get方法。

queryForObject() # 必须且只能返回一条记录，且只能查询一个字段•<T> queryForObject(String sql, T.class) //不需向sql语句传递参数•<T> queryForObject(String sql, Object[] args, T.class) //args是sql语句中？对应的值•<T> queryForObject(String sql, T.class, Object... args)String sql="select id from student_tb where name = ? and gender = ?"Object[] args=new Object[]{"张三",1};int id=jdbcTemplate.queryForObject(sql,args,int.class);ForObject，顾名思义，必须且只能返回一条记录，如果返回多条记录或没有记录匹配，都会报错；且只能查询一个字段。

Springer出版发表文章前网上填报程序详解

Springer出版发表文章前网上填报程序详解很多在读研究生往往是在攻读学位期间开始接触SCI论文的发表，论文一旦接受了，自然大快人心，值得庆祝。

但是论文被通知接受后，后续还有很多工作需要论文作者完成，这些同样要认真对待，不能马虎。

否则，行百里者半于九十，影响了论文的快速出版上网，有可能会耽误大事，比如毕业答辩。

真好最近的一篇文章被Aquacluture International接受了，所以把后续网上需要填写的程序步骤写下来与大家分享，希望能对需要的朋友有所帮助。

凡是Springer出版的期刊，一旦文章接受，后续会有类似于Elesvier的网上问答程序需要完成。

具体过程如下面各图：1 忘了保存截图了，具体什么内容想不起来了，估计不是很重要，可能就是说明一下整个网上问答程序的目的意义之类的。

2 这里的Open Choice是指一项服务，签署同意后，别人可以免费在网上下载你的全文。

而且一旦同意了，也不用再做版权转移了。

但是需要交付3000美金或2000欧元的费用。

所以当然要选择No。

3 因为上一步选择了No，所以这里自然要做版权转移声明喽。

这里说的很复杂，其实不管多复杂，都是强调了出版方和作者本人的一些权利与义务等等。

没什么好说的，点击同意就可以了。

4 点击Yes确认5 这是单行本和彩图的选择页，可以选纸质的，也可以选Pdf的电子格式的。

我一般习惯于选择电子版本的，因为后续用起来方便，而且可以根据需要随意打印n份不受限制。

彩图要收钱的，很贵，所以除非特想发彩图，否则一般都用黑白图。

Poster是类似于海报的东西，包括你发表文章那一期的封面等内容，因为要收费，所以也就不要了。

最后，Table of contents alert。

这个如果打钩，以后对方会通过e-mail向你发放最新的水产业的期刊文章目录。

从了解学术行情的角度考虑，一般还是打钩吧。

6 这是有关个人的一些信息，填好就可以了。

7最后查看一下相关信息，写上发票抬头，该打钩的打钩，进入下一步。

源码分析之spring-JdbcTemplate日志打印sql语句

源码分析之spring-JdbcTemplate⽇志打印sql语句对于开源的项⽬来说的好处就是我们遇到什么问题可以通过看源码来解决。

⽐如近期有个同事问我说，为啥JdbcTemplate中只有在Error的时候才打印出sql语句呢。

我⼀想，这和log的配置有关系吧。

我们的系统中使⽤了slf4j作为⽇志管理⼯具，之前也好像看到过项⽬⼯程中配置的⽇志级别是error的，所以当代码错误时打印出sql语句应该也属于正常。

但是想要正常运⾏时也打印出sql语句，相⽐和配置有关，但是应该配置那个级别呢？应该要看下JdbcTemplate的源码怎么写的，这样可快速定位配置那个⽇志级别(当然你可以⼀个⼀个的试)。

在maven⼯程内看源码及其⽅便(个⼈认为⽤maven的唯⼀好处)。

在eclipse中通过快捷键(windows系统中默认快捷键 ctrl+shift+T)打开Open Type窗⼝，输⼊JdbcTemplate后⾃动搜索到该类后点击进⼊，如果未下载过源码，maven会⾃动下载。

在源码中找到我们经常⽤的execute(PreparedStatementCreator psc, PreparedStatementCallback<T> action)这个⽅法，然后看如下源码的第6、7、8⾏，使⽤了if(logger.isDebugEnabled)这个判断，意思是如果logger的⽇志级别为debug的，那么进⼊这个语句块，第7⾏获取sql的内容，第⼋⾏通过logger.debug将内容输出。

由此可见我们需要配置debug级别的。

然后在logger的配置⽂件中error修改为debug，正常输出sql语句。

1public <T> T execute(PreparedStatementCreator psc, PreparedStatementCallback<T> action)2throws DataAccessException {34 Assert.notNull(psc, "PreparedStatementCreator must not be null");5 Assert.notNull(action, "Callback object must not be null");6if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {7 String sql = getSql(psc);8 logger.debug("Executing prepared SQL statement" + (sql != null ? " [" + sql + "]" : ""));9 }1011 Connection con = DataSourceUtils.getConnection(getDataSource());12 PreparedStatement ps = null;13try {14 Connection conToUse = con;15if (this.nativeJdbcExtractor != null &&16this.nativeJdbcExtractor.isNativeConnectionNecessaryForNativePreparedStatements()) {17 conToUse = this.nativeJdbcExtractor.getNativeConnection(con);18 }19 ps = psc.createPreparedStatement(conToUse);20 applyStatementSettings(ps);21 PreparedStatement psToUse = ps;22if (this.nativeJdbcExtractor != null) {23 psToUse = this.nativeJdbcExtractor.getNativePreparedStatement(ps);24 }25 T result = action.doInPreparedStatement(psToUse);26 handleWarnings(ps);27return result;28 }29catch (SQLException ex) {30// Release Connection early, to avoid potential connection pool deadlock31// in the case when the exception translator hasn't been initialized yet.32if (psc instanceof ParameterDisposer) {33 ((ParameterDisposer) psc).cleanupParameters();34 }35 String sql = getSql(psc);36 psc = null;37 JdbcUtils.closeStatement(ps);38 ps = null;39 DataSourceUtils.releaseConnection(con, getDataSource());40 con = null;41throw getExceptionTranslator().translate("PreparedStatementCallback", sql, ex);42 }43finally {44if (psc instanceof ParameterDisposer) {45 ((ParameterDisposer) psc).cleanupParameters();46 }47 JdbcUtils.closeStatement(ps);48 DataSourceUtils.releaseConnection(con, getDataSource());49 }50 }以上我们说的只是个例⼦，其实这个猜⼀下也⼤概知道应该是⽇志级别的配置问题。

SpringerMaterials介绍

SpringerMaterialsSpringerMaterials简介1、数据库简介●Springer是全球领先的科学、技术和医学类出版社，每年出版超过2000多种学术期刊和6500多种科技图书。

Springer在全球20多个国家拥有5000余名员工，是世界第二大学术出版集团。

●SpringerMaterials以Landolt-Börnstein（简称LB）为基础，是全球最大的材料数据资源，是一个独一无二的高质量数值型数据库，内容涵盖物理化学和工程科学的各个领域。

来自全球的专家负责对8000多种经同行评审的期刊原文进行审阅，经过评估和筛选后，将最有效的信息收入该库。

研究人员无需亲自审阅和评估原始文献，从而节省更多宝贵的时间。

2、资源内容与数量●SpringerMaterials涵盖以下主题领域：粒子、核子和原子；分子和自由基；电子结构与传输；磁学；半导体；超导体；结晶学；热力学；多相系统；先进材料；先进技术；天体物理学和地球物理学●SpringerMaterials囊括了91,000份在线文档，其中包括超过120万条文献引文、250,000种物质及材料系统，以及3,000种属性●SpringerMaterials每个季度都会扩充内容并作出更新，保持SpringerMaterials处于材料科学的最前沿●SpringerMaterials关注物理、材料和工程科学，以Landolt-Börnstein（简称LB）为基础编著而成，是一个独一无二的高质量数值型数据库，与目前其他出版社已经出品的数据库产品内容上没有任何重复。

3、资源检索系统与功能●提供Google式搜索方式●高级检索功能，可以搜索——物质/元素系统——属性——分子式——CAS登记号●化学元素周期表搜素，点击元素后左侧立即显示相关内容●“快速键入”通过术语联想显示相关内容以缩短并提示检索内容●“您的查询”字段会根据所输入的参数自动产生●独特的“书架”功能可完全显示印刷版的内容●IP控制访问，没有并发用户数限制，科研人员可以全天候访问到高品质的数据资源●方便的检索平台帮助功能，可获得有关如何设置查询的精确说明4、平台地址：Page 1。

Eclipse Template用法探讨

Eclipse Template用法探讨在编码的过程中，对代码重用的追求应该是我们的一个永恒的追求。

我们先从相同或相似的代码里提出公用方法，来方便我们的重用；而后，随着面向对象技术的提出，我们又提出父类或基类，在类的基础上对代码进行重用；后来，我们又有了模式这种层次的代码重用，虽然模式不仅仅是为了代码重用，但这也是一个目的；最后，我们又创建了各种框架或架构，来在更高层次的重用代码；展望未来，我们会在元数据、域领域的范围内进行代码的重用。

所有这一切，仍然还不能满足我们对代码重用的要求，我们还是会遇到各种各样的代码重用上的烦恼。

以下我来简单举出几个我们在编码过程中遇到的实际问题：System.out.println(……);这个方法是我们在Java编程的过程中经常会用到的，用得太频繁了，本来不是很长的方法调用，在我们使用频率过高后，就会觉得非常的麻烦。

为什么呢？我们每次使用这个方法，所不同的只是println方法里面的参数，但每次不得不从System到println一个一个字母的敲。

与之相同的情况还有：public final static String SEQUENCE_T_PRODUCT_HIST = "T_PRODUCT_HIST";这是一个为常量赋值的语句，在我们的项目中，使用量也相当的大。

可能有人会说上面的语句比较简单，不能重用也是可以忍受的，而挖空心思去重用它们，反倒好像走了极端。

如果有人这么想，那么请看看下面的例子：try{……}catch(SQLException Ex){log.error(this.getClass(), "addUserRole", Ex, Ex.getMessage());throw new PersistenceException(Ex);}Catch(Exception e){……}比起上面的输出语句，这种对违例的扑捉更让人头疼，重复的代码更多，但又不能通过面向对象技术进行重用。

template文献模板

template文献模板
文献模板是用于引用和格式化学术论文、书籍、期刊等文献信
息的工具。

在学术写作中，使用适当的文献模板可以帮助作者规范
地引用参考文献，并确保文献信息的准确性和一致性。

不同的学术
领域和出版机构可能有不同的文献引用格式要求，因此在使用文献
模板时需要根据具体要求进行调整。

一般而言，文献模板包括作者、标题、出版日期、出版商、页
面范围等信息。

在学术写作中，常见的文献模板包括APA格式、MLA
格式、芝加哥格式等。

这些格式要求不仅包括文献信息的排版格式，还包括引文和参考文献列表的排版规范。

在使用文献模板时，作者需要仔细核对每一条文献信息，确保
信息的完整性和准确性。

此外，还需要留意不同文献类型（如书籍、期刊、网页等）的引用格式差异，以及同一作者多篇文献的引用格式。

总之，文献模板在学术写作中起着至关重要的作用，它能够帮
助作者规范地引用文献信息，提升学术论文的可信度和专业性。

因
此，在撰写学术论文或其他学术著作时，使用适当的文献模板是必不可少的。

ladp学习笔记--spring ladp template 使用手记

Spring LDAP Template使用手记（1）(原创文档，转载需注明出处，并不得修改)我们常常将ldap与数据库做对,虽然两者之间有很多差别，但是实际上对ldap的增，删，改，查等操作也确实和通过jdbc操作数据库的操作很相像。

例如，查询ldap的一个条目的操作代码如下：对jdbc的操作spring有jdbctemplate来对jdbc进行封装，同样，对ldap的操作spring同样给我们提供了一个名叫ladpTemplate的封装。

下面简单讲一下ldapTemplate的配置和使用。

程序所需的最小的jar为：其中spring-ldap-core的包现在是1.3版本。

下载地址为//release/LDAP/spring-ldap-1.3.0.RELEASE-mi nimal.zip新建工程springladp。

工程的结构如下所示：这里src存放源代码，resources目录中存放spring的配置文件。

首先看看spring的配置文件applicationContext.xml<?xml version="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?><!DOCTYPE beans PUBLIC"-//SPRING//DTDBEAN//EN""/dtd/spring-beans.dtd"><beans><bean id="placeholderConfig"class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlacehold erConfigurer"><property name="location"value="classpath:/resources/config/ldap.p roperties"/></bean><bean id="contextSource"class="org.springframework.ldap.core.support.LdapContextSource"><property name="url"value="${urls}"/><property name="base"value="${base}"/><property name="userDn"value="${userDn}"/><property name="password"value="${password}"/></bean><bean id="ldapTemplate"class="org.springframework.ldap.core.LdapTempla te">这个配置分为4个部分，第一部分是指明了配置记录配置ldap连接参数的properies文件所在的位置，第四部分是定义了包含ldapTemplate的dao类先做一个接口。

Spring中jdbcTemplate和RowMapper的用法

Spring中jdbcTemplate的用法实例（一）博客分类：spring一、首先配置JdbcTemplate；要使用Jdbctemplate 对象来完成jdbc 操作。

通常情况下，有三种种方式得到JdbcTemplate 对象。

第一种方式：我们可以在自己定义的DAO 实现类中注入一个DataSource 引用来完成JdbcTemplate 的实例化。

也就是它是从外部“注入” DataSource 到DAO 中，然后自己实例化JdbcTemplate，然后将DataSource 设置到JdbcTemplate 对象中。

第二种方式：在Spring 的IoC 容器中配置一个JdbcTemplate 的bean，将DataSource 注入进来，然后再把JdbcTemplate 注入到自定义DAO 中。

第三种方式: Spring 提供了org.springframework.jdbc.core.support.JdbcDaoSupport 类，这个类中定义了JdbcTemplate 属性，也定义了DataSource 属性，当设置DataSource 属性的时候，会创建jdbcTemplate 的实例，所以我们自己编写的DAO 只需要继承JdbcDaoSupport 类，然后注入DataSource 即可。

提倡采用第三种方法。

虽然下面的用法中采用了前两种方法配置方法有3种：1、spring配置文件为：方法2、spring配置文件为：方法3：继承JdbcDaoSupport，其内部有个JdbcTemplate ，需要注入DataSource 属性来实例化。

spring配置文件：二、常用方法使用【注意：】jdbcTemplate 中的sql均是用“?”做占位符的domain User：UserServiceImpl ：如果采用第三种方式，则下面的用法中将方法中的jdbcTemplate 换成this.getJdbcTemplate()即可。

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Rapid Identification of Waste Cooking Oil with Near Infrared Spectroscopy Based on Support VectorMachineXiong Shen1,a, Xiao Zheng1,b, Zhiqiang Song1,c, Dongping He2,d, Peishi Qi3,e1Institute of Mechanical Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023,China; 2Institute of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023,China;3PASHUN GROUP, Wuhan 430023,Chinaa******************.cn,b******************.cn, c*****************,d******************,e************.comAbstract. The qualitative model for rapidly discriminating the waste oil andfour normal edible vegetable oils is developed using near infrared spectroscopycombined with support vector machine (SVM). Principal component analysis(PCA) has been carried out on the base of the combination of spectralpretreatment of vector normalization, first derivation and nine point smoothing,and seven principal components are selected. The radial basis function (RBF) isused as the kernel function; the penalty parameter C and kernel functionparameter γare optimized by K-fold Cross Validation (K-CV), GeneticAlgorithm (GA), Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), respectively. The resultshows that the best classification model is developed by GA optimization whenthe parameters C = 911.33, γ= 2.91. The recognition rate of the model for 208samples in training set and 85 samples in prediction set is 100% and 90.59%,respectively. By comparison with K-means and Linear Discriminant Analysis(LDA), the result indicates that the SVM recognition rate is higher, wellgeneralization, can quickly and accurately identify the waste cooking oil andnormal edible vegetable oils.Keywords: near infrared spectroscopy, waste cooking oil, support vectormachine, parameters optimization1 IntroductionCatering waste oils include drainage oil (in narrow sense), hogwash fat (waste cooking oil) and fried old oil. After pickling, washing, decoloration, deodorization and other processing, the catering waste oils often close to or completely achieve the national Hygienic Standard of Edible Vegetable Oil in sensory index and conventional typical properties, which consumers and government supervisors are difficult to identify by the sense of the sights and smell. At present, a complete set of testing technology standard of identification of the catering waste oil hasn’t been established domestically or abroad. The Ministry of Health is requesting proposals for proposals from the public. Near Infrared Spectroscopy (NIR) technology is a nondestructive testing technique rapidly developed in recent years [1]. The domesticscholars make use of NIR qualitative analysis to research the types of edible oil [2-4], however, qualitative analysis for catering waste oil is still limited.Support Vector Machine (SVM) is a new kind of machine learning algorithm based on the minimum principle of statistical learning theory and structural risk, which has advantages of simple structure, strong generalization ability and others. It presents many unique advantages in solving problems of pattern recognition in small sample, nonlinear, high dimension, local minimum [5]. The methods combined SVM with NIR have been applied successfully in identifying the category of tea, milk powder, apple and others [6-9]. The objective of this study is to develop a classified model for catering waste oil and four normal edible vegetable oils by combining SVM with NIR. This model provides a new approach to fast and effective identification of catering waste oil.2 Experiments and Methods2.1 Experimental SamplesCatering waste oils used in this experiment include drainage oil and hogwash fat obtained through different degree of refining of decoloration, deodorization, and normal edible vegetable oil which are of different brands or the same brand of different batches in major supermarkets. The samples make up of the following table 1:Table position of the experimental samplesTraining set Predicting set In total The first category: drainage oil and hogwash fat 99 47 146 The second category: soybean oil 40 19 59 The third category: peanut oil 26 7 33 The forth category: olive oil 23 6 29 The fifth category: blend oil 20 6 26In total 208 85 2932.2 Experimental MethodsAdopt SupNIR-5700 NIRS (Focused Photonics (Hangzhou), Inc.) to collect NIR spectra of all samples. Spectral measurement of samples uses random RIMP software and its testing method is: transmission, measurement range: 1000~1800nm, scanning speed:10 times/sec, spectral resolution: 6nm, temperature of sample cell: 60°C, testing method: load the sample into the three-quarters of sample bottle, and then place the sample bottle into the sample cell. Stabilized in constant temperature for 5min, the bottle is taken out to check if there exist bubbles. It starts to collect spectrogram if there is no bubble, and each sample averages out three times.Use NIRS random RIMP software and MATLAB7.8 to collect spectra and convert data format, use chemometrics software Unscrambler X 10.1 to pretreatment the spectral data and analyse principal component, and use SVM pattern recognition and regression software package designed by a professor Lin Zhiren from National Taiwan University to build SVM models in MATLAB7.8 and parameters optimization.3 Results and Discussion3.1 Pretreatment for Spectral DataBesides samples’ information collected through NIRS, it contains other irrelevant information and noise, therefore, it is very important and necessary to pretreatment spectra before developing model. Many kinds of methods for spectral pretreatment, including mean centralization, normalization, Savitzky-Golay smoothing, Savitzky-Golay first derivation and second derivation and so on, have been tried in this study. The attempted result indicates that NIR obtains the best pretreatment effect by combining vector normalization with Savitzky-Golay first derivation and nine-point smoothing. Fig.1 shows raw and spectra after pretreatment respectively.(a) Raw spectra(b) Pretreatment spectraFig. 1. Conventional and spectra after pretreatment3.2 Extraction of Spectral Principal ComponentAnalyze the principal component of spectra after pretreatment, as shown in Fig.2-a, the X-axis stands for the first principal component (PC1), Y-axis represents the second principal component (PC2). The figure shows the good effect of sample distribution. This experiment proves that principal component can reflect most of information when principal component’s accumulative contributing rate is above 95% and principal component scree plot (as shown in Fig.2-b) is quite smoothing. Therefore, this paper selects the previous seven principal components (accumulative contributing rate is 96.56%) as SVM input.(a) PCA SCORE(b) Explained VarianceFig. 2. PCA SCORE and explained variance3.3 SVM Model Building and Parameter OptimizationLibsvm includes two classification models: C-SVC and nu-SVC. Based on one-against-one algorithm solving multi-classes pattern recognition, this paper uses C-SVC to establish classification modeling. It needs to select kernel function and parameters when using SVM for pattern recognition. At present there is no unified international model, so we could only use experience or experimental comparison. Typically, using RBF kernel function often gets better simulation results [9], and reduces complexity of computation during the training process. Therefore, this paper makes use of RBF kernel function to establish identification model.It is very important to select penalty parameter C and kernel function parameter γ in RBF kernel function. C is used to measure the size of the penalty, γis used to control function regression error and directly influence the initial characteristic value and feature vector. The research respectively uses K-CV, GA and PSO algorithm to optimize the models of C and γto reach the highest accuracy of classification of training set under the best parameters C and γ. However, it cannot guarantee the testing set to reach the highest accuracy of classification. Fig.3 shows the results of three parameters optimization. Fig.3-a gives the optimization results using K-CV parameter optimization. Fig.3-b gives the optimization results of fitness curve using GA parameter optimization, where the maximum number is 100, the population size is 20, the crossover probability is 0.8, the range of parameters C and γare 0-1000, other parameters are by default. Fig.3-c gives the optimization results of fitness curve using PSO parameter optimization, where the maximum number of iterations is 100, the initial population size is 20, the learning factor c1=1.5, c2=1.7, the range of parameters C and γare 0-1000, other parameters are by default.Use the default parameters (C = 1, γ= 1 / K = 0.1429) and optimal results of three different parameters to respectively establish the SVM recognition model, which are analyzed in Table 2.(a) K-CV(b) GA(c) PSOFig. 3. The results of three parameters optimizationFrom the table 2, it is clear that SVM model recognition rate of the default parameters is very low, and almost four kinds of normal edible vegetable oils can be classified as catering waste oils; recognition rate of SVM model increases significantly about 90% after optimal results of different parameters of K -CV, GA and PSO. The learning ability and generalization ability of SVM classifier with optimal parameters C andγcan keep a balance and avoid the occurrence of learning state and non-learning state. Examples show that SVM classification model established when GA optimal parameters C= 911.331,γ = 2.91045, recognition rate of the 208 training sets and 85 predicting sets is 100% and 90.59% respectively, only occurs four blend oils mistaken for catering waste oil, four hogwash oils for blend oils. In the meantime, compared with methods of k-means clustering and LDA, the recognition rate of GA-SVM model is higher than those about 10%. Therefore, SVM model is superior to the methods of k-means clustering and LDA.Table 2.Different parameters—analysis of SVM modeling resultsDefault (C=1, γ=0.1429)K-CV(C=1024, γ=0.03125)GA(C=911.331, γ=2.91045)PSO(C=2287.16, γ=0.01)Returning error number PredictingerrornumberReturningerrornumberPredictingerrornumberReturningerrornumberPredictingerrornumberReturningerrornumberPredictingerrornumberThe firstcategory0 0 2 0 0 4 2 1 The secondcategory40 19 1 0 0 0 1 0The thirdcategory26 7 0 0 0 0 0 0The forthcategory15 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 The fifthcategory20 6 20 6 0 4 20 6Recognitionrate51.44% 56.47% 88.94% 92.94% 100% 90.59% 88.94% 91.76% 5 ConclusionsThe research uses GA-SVM to establish NIR classification model for catering waste oil and four normal edible vegetable oils, and determines the appropriate model parameters. The recognition rate of the established models is achieved respectively 100% for training set and 90.59% for predicting set, the recognition rate and generalization ability of GA-SVM of NIR classification model is higher than conventional analysis model, which can rapidly and accurately identifies the catering waste oil.The sample source of catering waste oil in the research is limited and cannot completely represent diversity and complexity of catering waste oil. In addition, the law breakers usually add catering waste oil to qualified edible vegetable oil according to a certain proportion, and then sell the fake oil, therefore, it needs to further collect representative adulterated samples in the future.It is essential to keep developing new methods of qualitative classification to research, and constantly strengthen the maintenance for the models of qualitative classification; in addition, a rapid portable detecting instrument for testing catering waste oils based on the models of NIR quantitative classification needs to be developed in order to protect the security of food production, to provide a more reliable basis for food supervisions and to prevent catering waste oils back to the table. AcknowledgmentFunds for this research was provided by the National Science and Technology Plan Projects (2009BADB9B08), the major projects foster special of food nutrition and safety of Wuhan Polytechnic University (2011Z06), the entrust projects of Wuhan PASHUN Group green energy technology Co., LTD, and the postgraduate 2010 innovation fund of Wuhan Polytechnic University(2010cx005). References1. Lu Wanzhen. Modern Near Infrared Spectroscopy Analytical Technology (Second Edition)[M]. Beijing: Chinese Oil and Chemical Press, 2006, 19-36(in Chinese)2. Wu Jingzhu, Liu Cuiling, Li Hui et al. Application of NIR technology on identifying typesand determining main fatty acid content of edible vegetable oil [J]. Journal of Beijing Technology and Business University (Natural Science Edition), 2010, 28(5):56-59.3. Liu Fuli, Chen Huacai, Jiang Liyi et al. Rapid discrimination of edible oil by near infraredtransmission spectroscopy using clustering analysis [J]. 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