2019—2020学年第一学期高三年级理科综合能力测试卷(含答案)
山东省邹城一中2019-2020学年第一学期高三物理阶段性(1月)测试试题附答案
邹城一中2019~2020学年高三物理阶段性测试试题（1月）一、单选题1．一质点从静止开始做直线运动，加速度随时间的变化如图，则下列说法正确的是A．该质点做初速度为零的匀变速直线运动B．该质点在前3s内先做匀加速直线运动，后做匀减速直线运动C．该质点在t=2s时刻的速度为零D．该质点在t=3s时刻回到出发点2．如图质量为M的半球形物体B静止在粗糙的水平面上，B的半球面光滑，下表面粗糙，在半球面顶端固定一轻质细杆，在细杆顶端固定光滑小滑轮C，质量为m，可看做质点的小球A，通过细线绕过滑轮，在水平外力F作用下沿半球表面缓慢上升，物体B始终静止在水平面上，在此过程中，下列说法正确的是A．半球面对小球A的支持力逐渐增大B．细线对小球A的拉力F逐渐增大C．水平面对B的支持力先减小后增大D．水平面对B的摩擦力逐渐减小3．如图所示，一轻弹簧竖直固定在水平地面上，其上端放置一质量为m的小球，并在竖直向下的外力F作用下处于静止状态，已知小球与弹簧不栓接，外力F>mg（g为重力加速度），现将外力F突然撤去，小球从静止开始竖直向上运动到最高点的过程中，不计空气阻力，下列说法正确的是A．小球先做匀加速后做匀减速直线运动B．小球受弹力为零时，小球离开弹簧C．小球离开弹簧时，小球的速度最大D．在整个过程中，小球在离开弹簧后加速度最大，且最大加速度等于重力加速度4．长为L的细线一端系一质量为m的小球，另一端固定在O点，现让小球在竖直平面内绕O点做圆周运动，A、B 分别为小球运动过程中的最髙点与最低点位置，如图所示。
某时刻小球运动到A位置时，细线对小球的作用力F A=mg，此后当小球运动到最低点B位置时，细线对小球的作用力F B=6mg，则小球从A运动到B的过程中（已知g为重力加速度，小球从A至B的过程所受空气阻力大小恒定），下列说法中正确的是A．小球在最高点A位置时速度v AB．从A运动到B的过程中，小球所受的合外力方向总是指向圆心C．从A运动到B的过程中，小球机械能减少mgLD．从A运动到B的过程中，小球克服空气阻力做功为12 mgL5．如图所示，在匀强电场中平行于电场的平面内有三点A、B、C，其电势分别为φA=4V，φB=2V，φC=10V，已知AB=5cm，△ABC为直角三角形，∠C为30°，∠A为90°，则该匀强电场的电场强度E的大小是A．80V/m B．V/m C．160V/m D．V/m6．如图所示，菱形线框abcd由四根完全相同的导体捧连接而成，固定在匀强磁场中，菱形所在平面与磁场方向垂直，现将直流电源E连接在菱形线框的a、c两点之间，此时导体棒ab所受安培力大小为F，若每根导体棒长均为L，a、c两点间距离为1.5L，则菱形线框abcd所受安培力的大小为A．F B．2F C．3F D．4F7．如图所示，电阻不计，间距为L=1.0m的光滑平行导轨水平放置于磁感应强度为B=0.5T，方向竖直向上的匀强磁场中，导轨左端接有定值电阻R=4.0Ω。
深圳市2019年高三第一次模拟考试理科综合试题及答案
深圳市2019年高三年级第一次调研考试理科综合能力测试2019.2.22一、选择题：本大题共13小题，每小题6分，共78分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。
1．人体胰腺细胞中粗面内质网（附着核糖体的内质网）含量较高，性腺细胞中滑面内质网含量较高。
据此推测合理的是A．性激素的化学本质为蛋白质B．粗面内质网参与蛋白质的合成C．性激素直接由基因转录翻译而成D．胰腺细胞中无性激素合成基因2在光裸的岩地长成森林的过程中，有关土壤的说法错误的是A．地衣分泌有机酸加速岩石风化，土壤颗粒数增多B．苔藓植物进一步加速岩石分解，土壤微生物增加C．草本阶段多种生物共同作用下，土壤有机物增加D．演替过程中有机物逐渐增加，土壤通气性逐渐下降3．由青霉菌中提取的淀粉酶在不同温度条件下分别催化淀粉反应1h和2h，其产物麦芽糖的相对含量如图所示。
相关分析正确的是A．第1h内，酶的最适温度在45-50℃之间B．第1h到第2h，45℃条件下淀粉酶活性提高C．第1h到第2h，50℃条件下酶的催化作用明显D．若只生产1h，45℃左右时麦芽糖产量相对较高4有的时候，携带丙氨酸的tRNA上反密码子中某个碱基改变，对丙氨酸的携带和转运不产生影响。
相关说法正确的是A．tRNA可作为蛋白质翻译的模版B．tRNA的反密码子直接与氨基酸结合C．决定丙氨酸的密码子只有一种 D ．tRNA上结合氨基酸的位点在反密码子外5探究生长素类似物对扦插的枝条生根的影响实验中，下列说法不合理的是A．为摸索实验条件，正式实验前要做预实验B．低浓度溶液浸泡处理材料，要确保光照充分C．探究不同浓度药液影响时，处理时间要一致D．同一组实验所用植物材料，要保持相对一致6果蝇的红眼基因(R)对白眼基因(r)为显性，它们位于x染色体上，Y上没有。
在遗传实验中，一只白眼雌果蝇（甲）与红眼雄果蝇（乙）交配后，产生的后代如下：670只红眼雌，658只白眼雄，1只白眼雌。
部编版2019---2020学年度下学期小学五年级语文期末测试卷及答案
最新部编版2019---2020学年度下学期小学五年级语文期末测试卷及答案-CAL-FENGHAI.-(YICAI)-Company One12最新部编版2019---2020学年度下学期小学五年级语文期末测试卷及答案（满分：100分 时间： 90分钟）题号 一 二 三 四 五 六 七 八 九 十 总分 得分一、选择题。
（共12分）1.下面加点字的读音全都正确的一项是（ ）。
A.提供．（ɡòn ɡ）—供．认（ɡōn ɡ） 晃．眼（hu ǎn ɡ）—摇头晃．脑（hu àn ɡ）B.停泊．（b ó）—血泊．（p ō） 监．牢（ji ān ）—国子监．（ji àn ）C.丈夫．（f ū）—逝者如斯夫．（f ū） 喧哗．（hu á）—哗．哗流水（hu á）2.下面加点的字书写全都正确的一项是（ ）。
A.师傅． 副．业 负．担 附．庸 B.俊．马 竣．工 严骏． 峻．杰 C.树稍． 船艄． 捎．话 梢．胜一筹3.下面句子中加点的字哪一项解释有误（ ） A.其人弗能应．也。
应：应答。
B.果．有杨梅。
果：果然。
C.未闻．孔雀是夫子家禽。
闻：听说。
4.下列句子中没有语病的一项是（ ）。
A.此次家长会上，学校领导认真总结并听取了家委会成员的建议B.今天全班都来参加毕业典礼彩排，只有龙一鸣一人请假C.中国为了实现半导体国产化这一夙愿，展现出毫不松懈的态度5.下面三幅书法作品中，哪一幅是怀素草书《千字文》（局部）（ ）A. B. C.6.对这幅漫画的寓意理解正确的一项是（ ）。
A.有些医生自己生病了，却不愿意进行急救B.讽刺少数医生良心出了问题却不承认，不改正C.有些人总喜欢把没有生病的人送进抢救室二、用修改符号修改下面的一段话。
（共2分）马老师多么和蔼可亲呀！上课时，他教我们耐心地写字的方法；下课时，他常常和我们在一起。
昨天下午，他给淘淘补了一天的课，他非常感动马老师。
2020年高考河北省保定市高三年级第一次模拟考试理科综合化学部分双向细目表、参考答案及评分细则
2020年高考保定第一次模拟考试理综化学部分双向细目表、参考答案及评分细则7.B 8.A 9.C 10.C 11.B 12.D 13.D26.(14分，每空2分)（1）将电极材料Pb 、PbO 2全部转换为PbSO 4（2）PbSO 4(s)+CO 32－(aq)==PbCO 3(s)+SO 42－(aq)（也可，不标注状态不扣分）（3）可以减小污染，对环境友好（节约能源也不扣分）（4）①近地面不同高度空气含铅量的研究（意思对，就得分）②离地面越低，含铅量越高（离地面越高，含铅量越低）③铅和铅化合物密度大（只回答铅或只回答铅的化合物给1分）（5）偏大27.（15分，无标注的均为2分）（1）a（2）球形干燥管（干燥管）（3）加入硝酸时，不断向左端倾斜U 型管（意思对，就得分）（4）②③（②④、②③④均可）（5）打开止水夹④，关闭止水夹②，并将洗耳球尖嘴插在止水夹③处的导管上，打开止水夹③挤压洗耳球4NO 2+O 2+4OH -=4NO 3-+2H 2O（6）取少量的稀硝酸和四氯化碳注入U 型管中（3分）【解析】（1）气密性检验在连接好装置之后，加药品之前；（2）球形干燥管或干燥管均可以；（3）晶格能、结构解释性质（3）原子轨道杂化方式、化学键以及配位数判断；（4）晶胞结构的分析、堆积方式和有关晶胞、晶体的计算等。
2.命题角度以特殊物质为切入点，文字结合图示的方式给出题目信息，综合考查物质结构的基础知识和灵活运用知识的能力。
3.学科素养能运用粒子观和化学符号和定量计算等手段理解物质的组成及其变化。
能从宏观与微观的结合对物质及其变化进行分类、理解和表征。
3615选修5：有机化学基础简述：有机物推断与合成详述：以药物、功能高分子材料的合成为载体命题。
（1）考查有机物名称。
（2）官能团的名称、反应类型。
（3）利用官能团的性质鉴别物质。
（4）通过分析框图推断有机物结构简式、进行化学方程式的书写。
（5）同分异构体数目的判断、书写限制条件的同分异构体。
2019年11月1日四川省绵阳市高2020届高2017级高三年级第一次诊断性考试理科综合试题绵阳一诊生物答案
绵阳市高中2017级第一次诊断性测试生物试题参考答案及评分标准说明：1.生物学专有名词和专业术语．．．．．．．．出现错字、别字、改变了原含义等, 扣1分/字(或不得分)。
2.除参考答案外, 其它合理答案应酌情给分。
选择题 (36分)1-6 C D B A C D非选择题(54分)29.(8分)(1)C5(1分) 叶绿体类囊体的薄膜上 (1分) (2)大于(2分)(3)叶绿体可利用光照条件下积累的ATP和[H]继续还原C3(2分) (4)左移(2分)30.(9分)(1)不能(2分)(2)除最适温度以外, 在图甲中曲线两侧会有两个不同温度对应的酶活性相同(3分)(3)淀粉溶液浓度 (2分) 降低淀粉水解反应的活化能 (2分)31.(11分)(1)拟核(1分) 氢键(1分)(2)解旋酶、DNA聚合酶(2分)DNA独特的双螺旋结构为复制提供了精确的模板, 通过碱基互补配对保证了复制准确进行(3)(3)干扰RNA聚合酶与DNA的结合；阻止tRNA和mRNA的结合；干扰核糖体的形成等(4分) 32.(11分)(1)蓝羽(1分) 亲代都是蓝羽, 子代出现了白羽(性状分离)(2分)(2) 1/2(2分)(3)让F1中短喙雄性与长喙雌性杂交, 观察并统计F2的表现型及比例(2分)若F2中,长喙雄性：短喙雌性=1:1, 则该等位基因位于Z染色体上；若F2中无论雌雄, 长喙：短喙=1:1, 则该等位基因位于常染色体上(4分)37. (15分)(1)碳源 (2分)(2)培养液的稀释倍数不够(2分) 增大培养液稀释倍数(2分)(3)稀释涂布平板法 (2分)(4)具有较高沸点, 能充分溶解胡萝卜素且不与水混溶(3分)(5)萃取剂 (2分) 过滤(2分)38. (15分)(1)MS (2分) 先分装后灭菌(2分)(2)B(2分) (3)生长素和细胞分裂素(2分)(4)排列疏松而无规则, 是一种高度液泡化的呈无定形状态的薄壁细胞(3分)(5)具有高效性和可以保持种苗的优良遗传特性(4分)。
安徽省芜湖市2022-2023学年高三上学期期末质量统测理综含答案
2022—2023学年度第一学期芜湖市中学教学质量统测高三年级理科综合能力测试试题卷本试题卷共16页，38小题，满分300分，考试用时150分钟。
注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、学校、考场/座位号、班级、准考证号填写在答题卷上，将条形码横贴在答题卷右上角“条形码粘贴处”。
2.作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔在答题卷上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。
答案不能答在试题卷上。
3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卷各题目指定区域内；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液，不按以上要求作答无效。
4.考生必须保证答题卷的整洁，考试结束后，将试题卷和答题卷一并交回。
可能用到的相对原子质量：H1N14Mg24Cl35.5一、选择题：本题共13小题，每小题6分，共78分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。
（说明：生物部分为第1～6题，共36分；化学部分为第7~13题，共42分。
）1.下列关于真核细胞中酶和ATP的叙述，正确的是A.基因的转录和翻译都需要酶和ATPB.酶和ATP的产生不一定都需要酶C.活细胞都能产生酶，但不一定都能产生ATPD.细胞质基质和叶绿体基质都含有ATP合成酶2.下图为拟南芥液泡膜上的几种转运蛋白：包括载体蛋白和通道蛋白。
其中Na+/H+载体蛋白在将H+顺浓度梯度运出液泡的同时将Na+逆浓度梯度运进液泡。
下列叙述错误的是A.Na+/H+载体蛋白能同时完成两种离子的运输，但运输方式不同B.液泡中pH低于细胞质基质是因为H+协助扩散进入液泡的结果C.图中H2O和Cl-的运输都不消耗细胞内化学反应所释放的能量D.运输离子的载体蛋白具有特异性，在运输物质时空间结构发生改变3.关于生物学经典实验采用的科学方法及其结论，下列叙述正确的是A.运用差速离心法证明了DNA复制的方式是半保留复制B.运用假说-演绎法证明了果蝇的白眼基因在X染色体上C.运用加法原理控制自变量证明了肺炎链球菌的遗传物质是DNAD.运用同位素标记的人、鼠细胞融合实验证明了质膜具有流动性4.植物生长发育的调控，是由基因表达调控、激素调节和环境因素调节共同完成的。
2019-2020学年第一学期期末高三年级英语(一模)卷(含答案)
2019学年度嘉定区高三年级第一次质量调研英语试卷（满分140分考试时间120分钟）I. Listening ComprehensionSection A （10分）Directions:In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spokenonly once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper,and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. Terrific. B. Tough. C. Exciting. D. Well-paid.2. A. Have her parents live on campus.B. Call local hotels again in a few days.C. Phone the Cliffside Inn for a reservation.D. Ask her parents to come on another weekend.3. A. Put on a coat at once. B. Exchange the tickets.C. Take care of his cold.D. Watch the game at home.4. A. She has to post a letter instead. B. She can’t send the message right now.C. She’s not sure if the computer is fixed.D. She has to turn down the man’s request.5. A. The book is much too long. B. He hasn’t read the book yet.C. He seldom reads such a book.D. The book is very interesting.6. A. He has already seen the film. B. He is unlikely to go to the cinema.C. He has just recovered from the flu.D. He doesn’t think highly of the film.7. A. Think about getting a job at another place. B. Find a suitable job to work happily.C. Sign up for more than one journalism class.D. Call the news agency about the job.18. A. She wishes she had seen the play.B. The scenery could have been more realistic.C. The makeup wasn’t as good as the scenery.D. The actors should have worn ancient makeup.9. A. She contacts her parents occasionally.B. She phones her parents regularly at weekends.C. She visits her parents when the fares are down.D. She often calls her parents regardless of the rate.10. A. They cannot finish the assignment until Thursday.B. They have plenty of time to work on the assignment.C. The assignment looks easy but actually quite difficult.D. The assignment is difficult for them to complete on time.Section B （15分）Directions:In Section B, you will hear two passages and one longer conversation. After each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. How to share responsibilities. B. How to motivate themselves.C. How to respond to challenges.D. How to code computer games.12. A. They don’t receive grades. B. They don’t have to take exams.C. They can do whatever they like.D. They must study math and English.13. A. More schools are trying the creative approach to teaching.B. More students are being sent to hike across the Alps.2C. More teenagers are coming to study at the school.D. More teachers are designing “challenge” projects.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. To take photos for an investigation.B. To pursue his hobby of photography.C. To recover from an illness and gain health.D. To further his interest in the American West.15. A. Walter Smith began to study Blackfoot culture as a part-time job.B. The Blackfoot community was a great attraction to other Americans.C. Walter Smith was devoted to protecting and spreading Blackfoot culture.D. The Blackfoot officially received its name for the color of their footwear.-long dream to enter the Blackfoot world.16. A. Walter Smith’s lifeB. Walter Smith’s efforts to save an endangered culture.C. Walter Smith’s journey to Blackfoot’s community.D. The precious pictures of the Blackfoot Indians.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. Talking about the latest movies freely online. B. Watching movies on the big theatre screens.C. Watching movies with her best friends.D. Seeing new movies on weekends.18. A. Because he wants to save money and snacks as well.B. Because he can avoid being influenced by spoilers (剧透).C. Because he wants to interact freely while watching movies.3D. Because action movies shown at the theatre have the similar plot.19. A. They enjoy watching superhero movies.B. They like sharing the latest movies online.C. They appreciate interacting freely with friends.D. They are fond of guessing the plot of new movies.20. A. Watch the new movie with the woman on DVD.B. Wait to be informed about the contents of the movie.C. Watch the superhero movie when the DVD comes out.D. Rent the cheapest DVD to watch whatever movies available.II. Grammar and VocabularySection A （10分）Directions:After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammaticallycorrect. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the otherblanks, use one word that best fits each blank.This is where my kids grew upFor years now, I’ve been wantingto sell our home, the place where my husband and I raised our kids. But toEveryme, this house is more than just a building. In the front room, there’s a wall that has hundreds of penc growth stage (21)__________(mark) in pencils, with each child’s name and the date.Of all the objects and all the memories, it’s this one thing in a home that(22)__________(hard) to leave behind. Our kids grow in so many ways, but thewall is physical evidence of their progress. Friends I know have visited theirprevious home only (23)__________(discover) their wall of heights has beenfreshly painted over. Over the years, I’ve talked about how much I would hateleaving that wall behind when I moved, (24)______ ______ the last marks were made 10 years ago when my kidsstopped growing. So one day, while I was at work, my children decided to do (25)__________ about it.They hired Jacquie Manning, a professional photographer (26)__________ work is about capturing the4beautiful things in life. She came to our house while I was at work, and over several hours, (27)__________(take)photos of the hundreds of drawings and lines, little grey fingerprints, and old marks. Somehow, she managed tophotograph (28)__________ we had experienced in all those years. Afterwards, she put all the photos together intoone image, (29)__________(transform) them into a beautiful history of my family.(30)__________ life-size photo of theThree weeks later, my children’s wonderful gift made its way to me —pencil lines and fingerprints that represents entire lifetimes of love and growth.Section B （10分）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box. Each word canbe used only once. Note that there is one more word than you need.A. emphasizesB. principleC. enormousD. helpingE. energizedF. activeG. increased H. absorbing I. benefits J. analyzed K. temperateEmphasizing social play in kindergarten improves academicsEmphasizing social play and students helping one another in kindergarten improves academic outcomes,self-control and attention regulation, finds new UBC research. The study, published in the journal PLoS One, foundthis approach to kindergarten curriculum also ____31____children’s joy in learning and teachers’ enjoyment teaching.“Before children have the ability to sit for long periods ____32____information, they need to be allowed to belead author. “Indeed,____33____and be encouraged to learn by doing,” said Dr. Adele Diamond, the study’speople of all ages learn better by doing than by being told.”Through a controlled experiment, Diamond and her colleagues ____34____the effectiveness of a curriculumcalled Tools of the Mind (Tools). The curriculum was introduced to willing kindergarten teachers and 351 childrenwith different backgrounds in 18 public schools.Tools was developed in 1993 by two American researchers. Its basic ____35____is that social-emotional development and improving self-control is as important as teaching academic skills and content. The Tools____36____ the role of social play in developing skills such as self-control, selective attention and planning.“Skills like self-control and selective attention are necessary for learning. They are often more strongly associated5with school readiness (入学准备) than intelligence quotient (IQ),” said Diamond. “This experiment is the fir show ____37____ of a curriculum emphasizing social play.”Teachers reported more ____38____ behavior and greater sense of community in Tools classes. Late in theschool year, Tools teachers reported they still felt ____39____ and excited about teaching, while teachers in themy students have made in writingcontrol group were exhausted. “I have enjoyed seeing the ____40____ progressand reading.” said a Tools teacher in Vancouver. “I have also enjoyed seeing the students get so excited aboutschool,coming to school and learning. They loved all the activities so much that many students didn’t w even if they were sick.”III. Reading ComprehensionSection A （15分）Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill ineach blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.In product design, imagining users’ feelings leads to more original outcomes Researchers find that in new product design, connecting with users’ heart, rather than their head, can more original and creative outcomes.Developing original and41 products is critical to a company’s long-term success. Thus, understandingwhat influences originality can have important and potentially 42 consequences for businesses. Ravi Mehta,a professor of business administration, shows that adopting a(n) 43 that imagines how the user would feelwhile using a product leads designers to experience greater empathy（同感）, which 44 creativity and, in turn,outcome originality for new product design.There are two ways that the product designer can 45 the consumer’s product usage. One focuses on objective use of the product—how consumers might use the product, that is, an “objective –imagination-imagination” approach.The other focuses on feelings—how the product makes the consumer feel, a “feelingsConsumers always want to have new products that solve problems more efficiently and at a less cost. Soproduct designers 46 this trap of being very objective in focusing on the use of a product. That’s importa but the 47 of usage can only attract consumers in some ways. 48 , the feelings-imagination approachleads designers to experience greater empathy, which makes them more49 to the consumer s’ ideas. Thisleads to greater outcome originality. Mehta said, “when you imagine consumers and focus on their feelings, th powerful and will lead to something much more innovative than only focusing on a product’s usage shows that a feelings-based approach is 50 to the commonly used objective-based approach, the researchers6wrote. It not only helps product designers build a better product, but it also helps them create more innovative products.The implications of the findings extend to everyday consumers, who now play a role in shaping companies’ 52 , there was a51 consumers for new product ideas.”design. Mehta said, “Marketers are increasinglyvery successful campaign a few years ago that focused on getting consumers to create a new potato chip flavor.The experiments demonstrated a53 effect of adopting a feelings-imagination approach. That suggestsfeelings. In this way, designers can develop products that that these designers may 54 imagining users’ could 55 to the masses. Companies can easily adopt this process andpromote feelings-imagination exercises through their websites or social media.41. A. primary B. innovative C. natural D. domestic42. A. temporary B. slight C. indefinite D. profitable43. A. policy B. proposal C. approach D. standard44. A. enhances B. exhibits C. illustrates D. explores45. A. recommend B. extend C. exploit D. imagine46. A. fall apart B. figure out C. fall into D. turn into47. A. originality B. objectivity C. creativity D. flexibility48. A. In conclusion B. In addition C. As a result D. By contrast49. A. open B. harmful C. resistant D. equal50. A. evident B. superior C. relevant D. alert51. A. joining in B. applying to C. turning to D. taking in52. A. In reality B. In other words C. What’s more D. For example53. A. dramatic B. positive C. negative D. serious54. A. depend on B. benefit from C. contribute to D. involve in55. A. appeal B. refer C. adapt D. commitSection B （22分）7Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)When she was ten years old, Isadora Duncan dropped out of school to teach people dance. If that job was leftto any other ten-year-old, it would have turned out frustrating, difficult, and a littlediscouraging.But Duncan was different. Not only was she already talented enough to earn moneyeven at that age, but she also had a rare kind of confidence that helped her treat troubles asfuel—something to elevate the fire that is already burning inside of her.York to join a theatre company, sheIt’s no surprise, then, that when she moved to Newfound herself restricted. The existing dancing style, their way of operating—all of thisseemed to her the work of a misguided past. Duncan was very direct about what she wanted,confidently telling people she had a different vision of dance that she was going to spread in the world. This, naturally, led to ridicule and laughs early on, but as she built up her work, these instances became less frequent.Today, she is remembered as “The Mother of Dance,” with much of the modern art owing its expressive style to her influence. Inspired by the ancient Greeks, she brought the style to life.In her autobiography (自传), one of the things Duncan frequently refers to as the basis of her expressive spiritis the fact that she had a childhood where she wasn’t constantly watched. The expectations of hermother (whoraised her) were open-ended. It was the freedom of this lifestyle that drove her to see what she could do.Growing up, before she left school, she was told one of two things: that she was either completely useless orthat she was a genius. There was nothing in between. Even when she started working, people either bowed to her orthey basically ignored her. But there wasn’t one moment Duncan doubted her own genius.There is an old quotation “if you judge a fish by its ability to climb a tree, it will live its whole life believingthat it is stupid.” And it captures an important truth. At school, Isadora Duncan was a failure. In the dance hall, she gave form to brilliance.56. What does the underlined phrase “treat troubles as fuel” mean?A. Duncan used troubles to push her forward towards her dream.8B. Duncan was good at burning away everyday troubles.C. Troubles turned Duncan into a confident girl.D. Troubles lit the fire of dancing in Duncan.57. Which of the following is TRUE about Duncan?A. Her experience in New York was the foundation of her career.B. Her teaching job when she was little destroyed her confidence.C. Her dancing style was not very well received at the beginning.D. Her mother set higher expectation on her than she could bear.58. What does the author try to tell the readers in the last paragraph?A. It is useless climbing a tree to catch fish.B. Everybody is a genius in his own way.C. Miseries come from human stupidity.D. Teachers can impact students greatly.59. What is this passage mainly about?A. Isadora Duncan’s childhood and her achievements today.B. Duncan’s career development and other dancers’ opinions of her.iences and the reasons for her success.C. Isadora Duncan’s early experD. Duncan’s high status in the dancing world and her unique expressive style.(B)Taking your pulse during physical activity allows you to measure how hard you are exercising. You should exercise to stay within your target heart range.910Increasing your heart rate is a key part of exercise, but it is important that your heart rate is not too high or too low. If you are a beginner, you should also be able to breathe comfortably while exercising. This will ensure that you are exercising at a level that is safe and effective for your body.The chart below illustrates target heart rate ranges for exercise based on the maximal heart rate for selected ages. Here are the steps for using the chart:?If you are doing moderate exercise , your heart rate should be closer to the 50% range.?If you are doing vigorous exercise , your heart rate should be closer to the 85% range. ?Try to stay in the 50–85% range when exercising by increasing or decreasing exercise intensity.Measure your exercise heart rate in beats per minute (BPM).Look at the chart.- Find your age. If your age falls between the ages listed, round up to the next older age listed. - Compare your heart rate to the target exercise range.?Use your index finger (食指) and middle finger. Don ’t use your thumb (拇指) —it has a pulse of its own.?Place these two fingers on your wrist, just below the base of the thumb. ?Count the number of beats (pulses) for 15 seconds.?Take this number and multiply by 4 to find your heart rate in beats per minute. For example, if you count60. Which of the following is TRUE?A. Exercise intensity can be reflected by a person’s heart rate.B. The faster your heart rate is, the more effective the exercise is.C. Vigorous exercise will definitely present a threat to people’s safety.D. The target exercise heart rate range for a 45-year-old is 90–149 BPM.1161. A 34-year-old man is running and the number of pulses he takes for 15 seconds is 40.His fitness coach had better tell him _____________.A. “You are doing fine.”B. “You can run faster.”C. “You should slow down a bit.”D. “You should drink some water.”62. What is the purpose of this passage?A. To advise people to form a habit of taking their pulses while exercising.B. To inform people of the target heart rate zone for those aged 60 and under.C. To tell people the importance of maintaining moderate amount of exercise.D. To show people how to measure heart rate to keep proper exercise intensity.(C)andA tiny clue found in ancient deposits has unlocked big secrets about Greenland’s pastfuture climate. Just beyond the northwest edge of the vast Greenland Ice Sheet, researchers havediscovered lake mud that have survived the last ice age. The mud, and remains of common flies init, record two interglacial periods（间冰期）in northwest Greenland.Although researchers have long known these two periods—the early Holocene and Last Interglacial—experienced warming in the Arctic, the mix of fly species shows that Greenland waseven warmer than previously thought. “As far as we know, it has never been found in Greenland.We think this is the first time anyone has reported it in ancient deposits or modern lakes there,ow far north it migrated (迁徙).”Axford said. “We were really surprised to see hsensitivity to This new information could help researchers better measure Greenland’swarming, by testing and improving models of climate and ice sheet behaviour. Those modelss ice sheet might respond to man-made globalcould then improve predictions of how Greenland’warming. After all, Greenland covers 80 per cent of the Arctic country and holds enough ice toequal 20 feet of global sea level. “Northwest G reenland might feel really remote, but whathappens to that ice sheet is going to matter to everyone in every coastal city around the world,said Yarrow Axford, an associate professor in the team. “One of the big uncertainties in climate science is how fast the Earth changes when it gets warmer. Geology gives us an opportunity to seewhat happened when the Earth was warmer than today,” said Axford.12People might be surprised to see how today’s Greenland looked during the last two interglacial periods. During the Last Interglacial, global sea levels increased by 15 to 30 feet,ice sheets. However, now researchers largely due to thinning of Greenland and Antarctica’sice sheet experienced stronger warming than previously thought, believe northern Greenland’swhich could mean that Greenland is more responsible for that sea-level rise.Finding lake deposits older than about 10,000 years, however, has been historically very difficult in Greenland. To measure these ancient temperatures, researchers look to ice cores (冰核) and lake deposits. Since ice and lake deposits form by a gradual buildup on annual layers of snowor mud, these cores contain history of the past. By looking through the layers, researchers can obtain climate clues from centuries ago.63.Why are the remains of flies mentioned in the first two paragraphs?A. They serve as evidence that there is still life in the Northwest Greenland.B. They were one of the many ancient lives that were left in the Greenland mud.C. They are indicators that Greenland was much warmer than previously thought.D. They help the researchers realize that there was once a warm period in the Arctic.64.The new information about Greenland is important because______________.A. researchers have no idea how to measure Greenland’s warming speedto warmingB. it can help researchers better predict Greenland’s responseC. people should be more sensitive to the changes in the ice in GreenlandD. it is uncertain how fast the Earth changes with man-made global warming65.Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?A. It is easier for today’s scientiststo find ancient lake deposits.B. People are surprised at the landscape feature of Greenland today.C. Researchers measure the changing temperatures by directly examining mud.D. Greenland holds enough ice that might one day threaten life in coastal cities.66.Which do you think is the best title of the passage?13A. Greenland Used to Be Much GreenerB. Earth Once Experienced Warm PeriodsC. Coastal Cities Warned of Coming DisastersD. Northwest Greenland, A Perfect DestinationSection C （8分）Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box.Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.South Africa still has a long way to go on the right to foodA. As a result, questions of hunger are largely absent in South African politics.B. Handling food injustice requires a transformation of the undesirable structure of the foodsystem.C. Therefore, the government has put forward numerous food and nutrition security programs tofight against hunger.D. This means that smaller scale producers, processors and retailers are squeezed out.E. Hunger, lack of nutrition and related illnesses are not equally spread.F. There are international examples of governments taking their obligations seriously with regardto the right to food.Fifty-four percent of South Africans are hungry or at risk of hunger. Hunger affects people’s health, as well as their ability to live full and productive lives because the rights to dignity, healthand education are affected by hunger.______67_____ There are significant race, class and gender differences. For example, blackSouth Africans are 22 times more likely to be food insecure compared with white South Africans.Food insecurity is defined as not having physical, social and economic access to sufficient, safe,and nutritious food that meets dietary needs and food preferences for an active and healthy life.This unequal distribution indicates a situation of severe food injustice in South Africa. Yetfrom the research with urban farmers it’s clear that people do not know of the right to food, anddon’t see unequal acces s to nutritious food as an injustice. ______68_____While there are14frequent protests around access to jobs, education, housing, water and electricity, we rarely, if ever,see protests about access to food.One of the drivers of unequal access to food is the way in which the industrial food systemworks. For example, a few large companies dominate each aspect of the food value chain.______69_____Because the large companies dominate the supply chain, they are able tomaximize profits at the expense of small-scale producers, to whom they pay very low prices.______70_____It needs to ensure that marginalized producers, processors and retailers havean opportunity to earn a decent living. At the same time corporate dominance needs to beaddressed.Anyway, at the most basic level, it requires that South Africans know they have a right tofood in the first place.IV. Summary writing （10分）71. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of thepassage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Most of us — even those at the top — struggle with public-speaking anxiety. When I ask myclients wh at makes them nervous, invariably they respond with the same answers: “I don’t likebeing watched”, “I don’t like the eyes on me” or “I don’t like being in the spotlightTo understand why, we need to go way back to prehistoric times, when humans regarded eyeswatching us as an existential threat. Those eyes were likely predators (肉食动物) and people wereterrified of being eaten alive. The bad news is that our brains have transferred the ancient fear ofbeing watched into public speaking. In other words, public-speaking anxiety is in our DNA.Fortunately, there is a solution: human generosity. The key to disarming our panic button is toturn the focus away from ourselves and toward helping the audience. Studies have shown that anincrease in generosity indeed leads to a decrease in amygdala(扁桃腺) activity, which isresponsible for our panic feeling in the brain. When we are kind to others, we overcome the senseof being under attack and start to feel less nervous.olutely possible to become a generous speaker. To Admittedly, this is hard to do. But it’s absbegin with, when you start preparing for a presentation, the mistake you often make is startingwith the topic. Instead, you should start with the audience. Identify the audience’s needs a message that speaks directly to those needs. Also, you are the most nervous right before you15speak. This is the moment when your brain is telling you, “Everyone is judging me.” But it is exactly the moment when you should refocus your brain. Over time, your brain will begin to get it, and you will become less nervous.V. Translation （15分）Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72. 有些地方因污染而出现了许多奇怪的疾病。
河南省天一大联考2019届高三上学期期末考试理科综合生物试题
天一大联考2018—2019学年高三年级上学期期末考试理科综合（生物部分）1.下列关于DNA和RNA的叙述，错误的是A. 某些RNA能降低化学反应的活化能，某些RNA能转运物质B. mRNA、tRNA、rRNA均参与蛋白质的合成过程C. 不是所有生物的DNA和RNA上都能贮存遗传信息D. 所有生物体内的DNA都是链状的双螺旋结构【答案】D【解析】【分析】核酸是遗传信息的携带者，是一切生物的遗传物质，在生物体的遗传、变异和蛋白质的生物合成中具有重要作用，细胞中的核酸根据所含五碳糖的不同分为DNA（脱氧核糖核酸）和RNA （核糖核酸）两种，构成DNA与RNA的基本单位分别是脱氧核苷酸和核糖核苷酸，每个脱氧核苷酸分子是由一分子磷酸、一分子脱氧核糖糖和一分子含氮碱基形成，每个核糖核苷酸分子是由一分子磷酸、一分子核糖和一分子含氮碱基形成。
【详解】有些酶的化学本质是RNA，能够降低化学反应的活化能，tRNA具有运输氨基酸的功能，A正确；蛋白质的合成过程中，模板是mRNA，运输氨基酸的工具是tRNA，场所核糖体的主要成分是rRNA和蛋白质，B正确；细胞生物的遗传信息都储存在DNA中，rRNA和tRNA不能储存遗传信息，C正确；并不是所有生物的DNA都是链状的双螺旋结构，如原核生物的DNA 呈环状，某些病毒的DNA是链状，D错误。
2.下列现象与图示不相符合的是A. 一片稳定的森林中兔子的数量变化B. 健康人肠道中大肠杆菌的数量变化C. 健康人血浆中K+浓度变化D. 健康人一生中酪氨酸酶活性的变化【答案】D【解析】【分析】据图分析，图示曲线发生了一定的波动，处于动态平衡之中，即随着自变量的变化，因变量处于先增加后降低的周期性变化过程中。
【详解】一片稳定的森林中，兔子的数量先增加，后因为食物的减少导致兔子的数量降低，当兔子的数量降低到一定的程度后草的数量又不断增加，则兔子的数量也随之增加，A正确；健康人肠道中的大肠杆菌的数量处于相对稳定的动态平衡之中，B正确；健康人血浆中K+浓度处于相对平衡状态，C正确；健康人一生中酪氨酸酶活性先增加后降低，不会出现周期性的变化，D错误。
河南省洛阳市2019-2020学年高三上学期第一次统一考试(1月)数学(理)试题(学生版)
洛阳市2019--2020学年高中三年级第一次统一考试数学试卷(理)第Ⅰ卷（共60分）一、选择题：本大题共12个小题，每小题5分，共60分.在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的.1.已知集合(){}20|M x x x =-<，{}2,1,0,1,2N =--，则M N =（ ）A. {}0,1B. {}2,1--C. {}1D. {}0,1,22.已知复数z 在复平面中对应的点(),x y 满足()2211x y -+=，则1z -=（ ）A. 0B. 1D. 23.为了节能减排，发展低碳经济，我国政府从2001年起就通过相关政策推动新能源汽车产业发展.下面的图表反映了该产业发展的相关信息:根据上述图表信息，下列结论错误的是（ ） A. 2017年3月份我国新能源汽车的产量不超过3.4万辆 B. 2017年我国新能源汽车总销量超过70万辆 C. 2018年8月份我国新能源汽车的销量高于产量D. 2019年1月份我国插电式混合动力汽车的销量低于2万辆4.已知正项等比数列{}n a 中，354a a =，且467,1,a a a +成等差数列，则该数列公比q 为（ ）A.14B.12C. 2D. 45.我国数学家陈最润在哥德巴赫猜想的研究中取得了世界瞩目的成就.哥德巴赫猜想简述为“每个大于2的偶数可以表示为两个素数的和”(注:如果一个大于1的整数除了1和自身外无其他正因数，则称这个整数为素数)，如40337=+.在不超过40的素数，随机选取2个不同的数，这两个数的和等于40的概率是（ ）A.126 B.122 C.117D.115 6.圆22 2410x y x y +-++=关于直线()300,0ax by a b --=>>对称，则12a b+的最小值是（ ）A. 1B. 3C. 5D. 97.函数()()23xx e e cos x f x x-⋅-=（e 为自然对数的底数）的大致图象为（ ）A. B.C. D.8.正三棱锥的三视图如下图所示，则该正三棱锥的表面积为（ ）A. B. 9C. 929.已知点12,F F 分别是双曲线()2222:10,0x yC a b a b-=>>的左，右焦点，O 为坐标原点，点P 在双曲线C的右支上，且满足1221 2,4F F OP tan PF F =∠=，则双曲线C 的离心率为（ ）B. 5D.17910.设()f x 是定义在R 上的函数，满足条件()()11f x f x +=-+，且当1x ≤时，()3xf x e-=-，则()27a f log =，()2 1.533,3b f c f --⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭==的大小关系是（ ）A. a b c >>B. a c b >>C. b a c >>D. c b a >>11.正方体1111ABCD A B C D -的棱长为1，点E 为棱1CC 的中点.下列结论:①线段BD 上存在点F ，使得//CF 平面1AD E ；②线段BD 上存在点F ，使CF ⊥得平面1AD E ；③平面1AD E 把正方体分成两部分，较小部分的体积为724，其中所有正确的序号是（ ） A. ①B. ③C. ①③D. ①②③12.已知正项数列{}n a 的前n 项和为1,1n S a >，且2632n n n S a a =++.若对于任意实数[]2,2a ∈-.不等式2*1()211n a t at n N n +<+-∈+恒成立，则实数t 的取值范围为（ ） A. ][(),22,⋃∞-+∞- B. ,21,(][)∞⋃+∞--C. ,12[),(]-∞⋃+∞-D. []22-,第Ⅱ卷（共90分）二、填空题（每题5分，满分20分，将答案填在答题纸上）13.平面向量a 与b 的夹角为60，且()3,0a =，1b =，则2a b += __________．14.若实数,x y 满足约束条件,4, 3,y x x y y ≤⎧⎪+≤⎨⎪≥-⎩，则2z x y=+最小值是__________．15.已知椭圆()2222:10,x y C a b A a b+=>>为右顶点.过坐标原点O 的直线交椭圆C 于,P Q 两点，线段AP的中点为M ，直线QM 交x 轴于()2,0N ，椭圆C 的离心率为23，则椭圆C 的标准方程为__________． 16.已知函数()()12,f lnx ax a x g x x=+=-，且()()0f x g x ≤在定义域内恒成立，则实数a 的取值范围为__________．三、解答题 （本大题共6小题，共70分.解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤.）17.在ABC 中，角,,A B C 对应边分别为,,a b c . (1)若ABC 的面积S满足222,4c a b c a +=+==且b c >，求b 的值；(2)若3a A π==且ABC 为锐角三角形.求ABC 周长的范围.18.如图，已知四边形ABCD等腰梯形，BDEF 为正方形，平面BDEF ⊥平面ABCD ，//,1AD BC AD AB ==，60ABC ∠=︒.(1)求证:平面CDE ⊥平面BDEF ；(2)点M 为线段EF 上一动点，求BD 与平面BCM 所成角正弦值的取值范围. 19.过点()0,2P 的直线与抛物线2:4C x y =相交于,A B 两点.(1)若2AP PB =，且点A 在第一象限，求直线AB的方程；(2)若,A B 在直线2y =-上的射影分别为11,A B ，线段11A B 的中点为Q ， 求证1//BQ PA . 20.设函数()()3211232xf x ex kx kx =--+. (1)若1k =，求()f x 的单调区间；(2)若()f x 存在三个极值点123,,x x x ，且123x x x <<，求k 的取值范围，并证明:1 3 22x x x >+.21.“公平正义”是社会主义和谐社会的重要特征，是社会主义法治理念的价值追求.“考试”作为一种公平公正选拔人才的有效途径，正被广泛采用.每次考试过后，考生最关心的问题是:自己的考试名次是多少?自已能否被录取?能获得什么样的职位? 某单位准备通过考试(按照高分优先录取的原则)录用300名，其中275个高薪职位和25个普薪职位.实际报名人数为2000名，考试满分为400分.(一般地，对于一次成功的考试来说，考试成绩应服从正态分布. )考试后考试成绩的部分统计结果如下: 考试平均成绩是180分，360分及其以上的高分考生30名. (1)最低录取分数是多少?(结果保留为整数)(2)考生甲的成绩为286分，若甲被录取，能否获得高薪职位?若不能被录取，请说明理由.参考资料:(1)当2~(,)X N μσ时，令X Y μσ-=，则()~0,1Y N .(2)当()~0,1Y N 时， 2.17()0.985P Y ≤≈， 1.280.900, 1.()09()0.863P Y P Y ≤≈≤≈，1.04()0.85P Y ≤≈.请考生在第22、23题中任选一题做答，如果多做，则按所做的第一题记分.做答时，用2B 铅笔在答题卡.上把所选题目对应的题号后的方框涂黑.22.在极坐标系中，已知圆的圆心6,3C π⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭，半径3r =，Q 点在圆C 上运动.以极点为直角坐标系原点，极轴为x 轴正半轴建立直角坐标系. （1）求圆C 的参数方程；（2）若P 点在线段OQ 上，且:2:3OP PQ =，求动点P 轨迹的极坐标方程. 23.设函数()211f x x x =-++.(1)画出()y f x =的图象；(2)若不等式()1f x a x >-+对x ∈R 成立，求实数a 取值范围.。
吉林省长春外国语学校高三上学期期末考试化学试题
长春外国语学校2020~2021学年第一学期高三年级第二次联考理科综合能力测试注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。
回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
可能用到的相对分子质量：H—1 Li—7 C—12 O—16 Al—27 S—32 Mn—55Cu—64 Ba—137第Ⅰ卷一、选择题：本题共13个小题，每小题6分。
共78分，在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。
7．我国成功地发射了嫦娥一号探测卫星，对月球土壤中14种元素的分布及含量进行探测等。
月球的矿产资源极为丰富，仅月球表层 5 cm 厚的沙土就含铁单质有上亿吨，月球上的主要矿物有辉石(CaMgSi2O6)、斜长石(NaAlSi3O8)和橄榄石[(Mg或Fe)2SiO4]等。
下列说法或分析不正确的是A．辉石、斜长石及橄榄石均属于硅酸盐矿B．斜长石的氧化物形式可表示为Na2O·Al2O3·6SiO2C．月球表层沙土中有游离态铁是因为月球的表面几乎没有氧气D．橄榄石中铁元素为＋3价8．如图所示为CFCl3破坏臭氧层的过程，下列说法不正确的是A．过程Ⅰ中断裂极性键C—Cl键B．过程Ⅱ可用方程式表示为O3+Cl=ClO+O2C．过程Ⅲ中ClO+O=O2+Cl是吸热过程D．上述过程说明CFCl3是破坏臭氧层的催化剂9．设阿伏加德罗常数的数值为N A，下列说法不正确的是A．1 L 1 mol·L－1的NaHSO3溶液中含有的离子数大于3N AB．标况下，2.24 L CO2与足量的Na2O2反应，转移电子数为AC．5.6 g乙烯和环丙烷的混合物中含C—H键数目为AD．常温下，2.7 g铝片投入足量的稀硫酸中，铝失去的电子数为A10．瑞德西韦是一种抗病毒的药物，其结构如下图所示。
2019-2020学年河北省邯郸市上学期高三期中地理试题
地理第Ⅰ卷（选择题）本卷共25个小题，每小题2分，共50分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。
下图是位于30°N附近的N城全年中Z值变化曲线图(设昼长为X小时，夜长为Y小时，X－Y ＝Z)。
读图完成下面小题。
1．太阳直射赤道的日期是A.①③⑤B.①②③C.②③⑤D.②④⑤2．②日期北京(40°N)正午太阳高度为A.50°B.26°34′C.40D.73°26′3．②至③期间，奉新昼夜长短情况是A.昼长夜短，昼渐短B.昼长夜短，昼渐长C.昼短夜长，昼渐短D.昼短夜长，昼渐长读哈尔滨某日某时刻路边树木及树影示意图，完成下面小题。
4．图示日期和时间可能为A．6月18日5：20 B．12月18日18:40C．6月18日18:40 D．12月18日5:205．该季节A．大陆上等温线向高纬度突出B．美国东南部多飓风C．北方的雾霾最严重D．澳大利亚西北高温多雨随着我国交通建筑技术的进步，隧道的修建日趋普遍，下图示意我国某中学地理兴趣小组记录的学校周边一隧道内部和外部1月和7月平均温度日变化。
据此完成下列小题。
6．表示1月隧道内气温日变化的曲线是A．①B．②C．③D．④7．此隧道A．15时太阳辐射量最大B．内部温差比外部大C．午后内外的温差最大D．具有冬暖夏凉特点8．该学校最可能位于A．黑龙江省B．山东省C．陕西省D．内蒙古自治区热带辐合带是南北半球气流汇合的地带，主要分为季风辐合带和信风辐合带。
季风辐合带是指信风越过赤道改变风向后与另一半球的信风相遇而形成的热带辐合带；信风辐合带是指南半球信风直接和北半球信风相遇时组成的辐合带。
据此完成下列各题。
9．图示辐合带的主要分布区A.气压较高B.多晴朗天气C.多大风D.多上升气流10．关于图中热带辐合带，正确的是A.甲为信风辐合带B.甲只出现在北半球，乙只出现在南半球C.乙为季风辐合带D.乙类辐合带一般分布在赤道附近11．对甲类辐合带位置影响最大的因素是A.直射点位置B.海陆分布C.洋流性质D.地形地势桔槔井灌工程位于浙江省诸暨市赵家镇。
湖北省华中师大一附中2019-2020学年高三上学期期中检测理科综合试题及参考答案
Cl
CH3
中，最多有 12 个原子共面
11．甲～庚等元素在周期表中的相对位置如下表，戊的最高氧化
高三年级理科综合试题 第 2页 共 14 页
物对应水化物有强脱水性，丙和丁在同一周期，丙原子最外层与最内层具有相同电子数。下列判断不． 正．确．的是
A．甲元素对应氢化物的沸点一定低于乙的氢化物 B．气态氢化物的稳定性：庚<戊<乙 C．丙、己原子序数相差 8 D．乙、丁两元素在自然界中只以化合态形式存在 12．2019 年诺贝尔化学奖颁给了三位锂电池领域有着杰出贡献的
实验器材Biblioteka 相应实验① 量筒、温度计、烧杯、碎纸条、盖板
中和热的测定
② 烧杯、分液漏斗 ③ 量筒、玻璃捧、烧杯、100 mL 容量瓶
用饱和 Na2CO3 溶液除去乙酸乙酯中的乙酸和乙醇 用浓盐酸配制 100mL 0.1 mol·L-1 的稀盐酸溶液
④ 烧杯、酸式滴定管、碱式滴定管、锥形瓶 用 H2SO4 标准液滴定未知浓度的 NaOH 溶液
，利用 Heck 反应，由苯和溴乙烷为原料制备
的
合成路线如下，下列说法正确的是
A．该合成路线中，
也可以用苯的溴代反应代替，制备溴苯的方法是将
铁屑、溴水、苯混合加热
B．合成路线中涉及到三种有机反应类型
C．若乙苯与氯气在光照条件下只发生烷基上的取代反应，则烷基上的三氯代物的种类与二氯代
物的种类一样多 D．中间产物
蒸馏烧瓶、酒精灯、温度计、直形冷凝管、
⑤
分离甲醇和甘油的混合物
锥形瓶、牛角管、石棉网
⑥ 坩埚、酒精灯、玻璃棒、泥三角、三脚架 从食盐水中得到 NaCl 晶体
A．2 项 B．3 项 C．4 项 D．5 项 10 ． Heck 反 应 是 指 卤 代 烃 与 活 化 不 饱 和 烃 在 钯 催 化 下 ， 生 成 反 式 产 物 的 反 应 ， 例 如 ：
高三年级高考模拟冲刺试卷(理科综合)含答案
高三年级高考模拟冲刺试卷理综试题试卷共6页，全卷满分300分。
考试用时150分钟。
注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、班级、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2．选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。
答在试题卷、草稿纸上无效。
3．非选择题的作答：用黑色墨水签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。
答在试题卷、草稿纸上无效。
4．考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。
考试结束后，请将答题卡上交。
可能用到的相对原子质量：H:1 O:16 C:12 N:14 S:32 Cl:35.5 Pb:207选择题共21小题，共126分一、选择题：本题共13小题，每小题6分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。
1.下列叙述正确的是A.所有细菌都可在其细胞质基质内分解丙酮酸产生CO2B.植物叶肉细胞的线粒体内膜和类囊体膜都能合成ATPC.细胞核中的DNA携带遗传信息从核孔到达细胞质控制蛋白质合成D.参与抗体的合成与分泌过程的细胞结构只包含核糖体、内质网、高尔基体和线粒体2.右图表示生物学概念间的关系，下列对该图含义的分析，不正确的是A.若Ⅰ、Ⅲ分别表示原核细胞和真核细胞的细胞器，则Ⅱ是核糖体B.若Ⅰ、Ⅲ分别表示协助扩散和主动运输的条件，则Ⅱ是载体蛋白C.若Ⅰ、Ⅲ分别表示细胞分化和细胞癌变的过程，则Ⅱ是基因突变D.若Ⅰ、Ⅲ分别表示有丝分裂和无丝分裂的过程，则Ⅱ可以是DNA复制3.下列关于中心法则的叙述，一定正确的是A.肽链的合成一定以RNA为模板，以氨基酸为原料B.酶的合成一定以RNA为模板，以氨基酸为原料C.RNA的合成一定以DNA为模板，以核糖核苷酸为原料D.DNA的合成一定以DNA为模板，脱氧核苷酸为原料4.下列有关变异与进化的叙述，正确的是A.不同种群之间，生物和无机环境之间相互影响，共同进化B.曼彻斯特地区的桦尺蠖体色有浅色型(s)和黑色型(S)，体现了物种的多样性C.基因异常可引发遗传病，不带有致病基因的人也可以患遗传病D.基因型为AaBB的个体自交后代性状分离，该变异属于基因重组5.某生态系统中，镉在沿着食物链转移的过程中产生生物富集作用。
2020届高三物理最后一卷试题(含解析)
2019高三年级测试（最后一卷）理科综合物理试卷二、选择题（本大题共8小题，每小题6分，共48分在每小题给出的四个选项中，第14～18题只有一项符合题目要求，第19～21题有多项符合题目要求。
全部选对的得6分，选对但不全的得3分，有选错的得0分）1. 下列说法中错误的是（）A. 若氢原子从n=6能级向n=1能级跃迁时辐射出的光不能使某金属发生光电效应，则氢原子从n=6能级向n=2能级跃迁时辐射出的光也不能使该金属发生光电效应B. 核泄漏事故污染物能够产生对人体有害的辐射，其核反应方程式为，可以判断x为电子C. 卢露福通过对α粒子散射实验结果的分析，提出了原子核内有中子存在D. 质子、中子、α拉子的质量分别是m1、m2、m3，质子和中子结合成一个α拉子，释放的能量是（2m1+2m2-m3）c2【答案】C【解析】A、根据玻尔理论可知，氢原子从n=6能级向n=1能级跃迁时辐射出的光的能量大于氢原子从n=6能级向n=2能级跃迁时辐射出的光的能量，结合光电效应发生的条件可知，若氢原子从n=6能级向n=1能级跃迁时辐射出的光不能使某金属发生光电效应，则氢原子从n=6能级向n=2能级跃迁时辐射出的光也不能使该金属发生光电效应。
故A正确；B、根据质量数守恒与电荷数守恒可知，衰变后的产物x的质量数为0，电荷数为-1，衰变方程为：，所以x是电子。
故B正确；C、卢瑟福通过对α粒子散射实验结果的分析，提出了原子核式结构理论。
故C错误；D、质子、中子、α粒子的质量分别是m1、m2、m3，质子和中子结合成一个α粒子的过程中亏损的质量为(2m1+2m2-m3)，根据爱因斯坦质能方程可知释放的能量是（2m1+2m2-m3）c2．故D正确。
本题选择错误的，故选C.【点睛】该题考查原子物理学的多个知识点的内容，其中玻尔理论与质能方程为这一部分的重点，要准确理解其内容．2. 如图所示为一简易起重装置，AC是上端带有滑轮的固定支架BC为质量不计的轻杆，杆的一端C用较链固定在支架上，另一端B悬挂一个质量为m的重物，并用钢丝绳跨过滑轮A连接在卷扬机上.开始时，杆BC与AC的夹角∠BCA>90°，现使∠BCA缓缓变小，直到∠BCA=30°.在此过程中，杆BC所受的力（不计一切阻力）（）A. 逐渐增大B. 先减小后增大C. 大小不变D. 先增大后减小【答案】C【解析】以结点B为研究对象，分析受力情况，作出力的合成图如图，根据平衡条件则知，F、N的合力F合与G大小相等、方向相反。
福州市八县(市)协作校2019-2020学年第一学期期中联考高三物理试卷及答案
福州市八县（市）协作校2019—2020学年第一学期期中联考高三 物理试卷【完卷时间：90分钟；满分：100分】 命题：平潭城关中学 林梦珊、何基强一、单项选择题（本题共8小题，每小题4分，共32分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一个选项正确，不选、错选、多选均不得分。
） 1、下列说法正确的是（ ）A.实验中探究加速度与质量、合外力关系时采用的是等效替代的方法B.伽利略利用“冲淡”重力实验证明自由落体运动是匀变速直线运动C.电磁打点计时器和电火花打点计时器均使用直流电，频率均为50HZD.在“验证机械能守恒定律”的实验中，需要用天平测出物体的质量2、物体从静止开始做匀加速直线运动，第6 s 内通过的位移是11 m ，以下说法错误．．的是（ ）A ．第6 s 内的平均速度是11 m/sB ．物体的加速度是3 m/s 2C ．前2 s 内的位移是4 mD ．3 s 末的速度是6 m/s3、如图所示，在斜面顶端a 处以速度v a 水平抛出一小球，经过时间t a 恰好落在落在斜面的三等分点d 处。
今在c 点正上方与a 等高的b 处以速度v b 水平抛出另一小球，经过时间t b 也恰好落在斜面d 处。
若不计空气阻力，下列关系式正确的是（ ）A ．b a 2t t =B ．a b 2t t =C ．b a 2v v =D ．a b 2v v = 4、如图所示，河水的流速保持不变，船在静水中的速度大小也一定，当船头的指向分别沿着图中4个箭头方向，下列说法正确的是（ ） A ．①方向小船一定做直线运动 B ．②方向小船一定不能沿图中虚线前进 C ．②方向和④方向小船可能到达对岸的同一地点 D ．③方向小船过河位移最短第4题图 第3题图b5、嫦娥三号探测器由长征三号乙运载火箭从西昌卫星发射中心发射，首次实现月球软着陆和月面巡视勘察。
假设嫦娥三号在环月圆轨道和椭圆轨道上运动时，只受到月球的万有引力。
则（）A．嫦娥三号沿圆轨道运动的过程中，处于平衡状态B．嫦娥三号经过椭圆轨道的P点和圆轨道的P点加速度大小相等C．嫦娥三号在环月椭圆轨道上P点的机械能大于Q点的机械能D．嫦娥三号在环月圆轨道上的运行速率比月球的第一宇宙速度大6、如图所示，为汽车在水平路面上启动过程中的v-t图象，Oa为过原点的倾斜直线，ab段表示以额定功率行驶时的加速阶段．bc段是与ab段相切的水平直线．下述说法正确的是（）A．0～t1时间内汽车以恒定功率做匀加速运动B．t1～t2时间内的平均速度为C．t1～t2时间内汽车牵引力逐渐减小D．t3时刻的牵引力为零7.如图所示，半圆形框架竖直放置在粗糙的水平地面上，光滑的小球P在水平外力F的作用下处于静止状态，P与圆心O的连线与水平面的夹角为θ，将力F在竖直面内沿顺时针方向缓慢地转过90°，框架与小球始终保持静止状态。
2019年北京朝阳高三化学一模理综化学部分
北京市朝阳区高三年级第一次综合练习理科综合能力测试2019.3可能用到的相对原子质量：H 1 N 14 O 16 S 32 Cl 35.56．我国科技创新成果斐然，下列成果与电化学无关．．的是7．下列实验中的颜色变化，与氧化还原反应无关．．的是8．某科研人员提出HCHO与O2在羟基磷灰石（HAP）表面催化氧化生成CO2、H2O的历程，该历程示意图如下（图中只画出了HAP的部分结构）。
下列说法不．正确．．的是A．HAP能提高HCHO与O2的反应速率B．HCHO在反应过程中，有C—H键发生断裂C．根据图示信息，CO2分子中的氧原子全部自O2D．该反应可表示为：HCHO + O HAP CO2+ H2O9．我国科研人员借助太阳能，将光解水制H 2与脱硫结合起，既能大幅度提高光解水制H 2的效率，又能脱除SO 2，工作原理如下图所示。
下列说法不．正确．．的是 A ．该装置可将太阳能转化为化学能 B ．催化剂a 表面发生还原反应，产生H 2 C ．催化剂b 附近的溶液pH 增大D ．吸收1 mol SO 2，理论上能产生1 mol H 210．2019年是“国际化学元素周期表年”。
1869年门捷列夫把当时已知的元素根据物理、化学性质进行排列，准确预留了甲、乙两种未知元素的位置，并预测了二者的相对原子质 量，部分原始记录如下。
下列说法不正确．．．的是 A ．元素甲位于现行元素周期表第四周期第ⅢA 族 B ．原子半径比较：甲＞乙＞SiC ．元素乙的简单气态氢化物的稳定性强于CH 4D ．推测乙可以用作半导体材料11．一种高分子可用作烹饪器具、电器、汽车部件等材料，其结构片段如下图。
CH 3OHCH 3OHCH 3OH…………下列关于该高分子的说法正确的是 A ．该高分子是一种水溶性物质B ．该高分子可由甲醛、对甲基苯酚缩合生成C ．该高分子的结构简式为CH 3OHnD ．该高分子在碱性条件下可发生水解反应12．探究铝片与Na2CO3溶液的反应。
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2019—2020学年第一学期高三年级理科综合能力测试卷
试卷分值：300分钟考试时间：150分钟
可能用到的相对原子质量:H:1 N:14 O:16 Cu:64 Cl:35.5 Na:23 C:12
一、选择题：（本题共21小题，每小题6分，共126分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中，第1～18题只有一
个选项符合题目要求，第19～21题有多项符合题目要求。
全部选对的得6分，选对但不全的得3分，有选错的得0分。
）
1．下列关于“骨架”或“支架”的表述正确的是
A．磷脂双分子层与蛋白质共同构成了生物膜的基本支架，参与控制物质进出
B．DNA分子中的脱氧核糖和磷酸交替连接构成基本骨架，蕴藏着遗传信息
C．细胞骨架由蛋白质纤维组成，与细胞的分裂、能量转换等生命活动密切相关
D．氨基酸的基本骨架是由若干个相连的碳、氮原子构成
2．生物实验中常用大肠杆菌作为实验材料，下列说法正确的是
A．大肠杆菌呼吸作用产生的CO2可使溴麝香草酚蓝水溶液由黄色变绿色再变蓝色
B．大肠杆菌逆浓度梯度吸收K+时，既消耗能量又需要膜上载体蛋白的协助
C．赫尔希和蔡斯在“噬菌体侵染细菌的实验”中可用酵母菌替代大肠杆菌
D．采用差速离心法可将大肠杆菌的核糖体、线粒体等细胞器分离
3．如右图所示，将对称叶片左侧遮光右侧曝光，并采用适当的方法阻止两部分
之间的物质和能量的转移。
在适宜光照下照射12小时后，从两侧截取同等单
位面积的叶片，烘干称重，分别记为a和b(单位：g)。
下列相关叙述正确的是
A．(b+a)/12所代表的是该叶片净光合速率
B．b/12所代表的是该叶片的光合速率
C．a/12所代表的是该叶片的呼吸速率
D．(b－a)/12所代表的是该叶片真正光合速率
4.右图表示二倍体生物细胞中，某物质或结构在有丝分裂或减数分裂特定阶段
的数量变化。
下列叙述错误的是
A.若纵坐标是核DNA含量，AB段染色体数目与CD段染色体数目有
可能有相同的时期
B.若纵坐标是每条染色体的DNA含量，则该曲线只能表示减数分裂
C.若纵坐标是同源染色体的对数，则该曲线只能表示有丝分裂
D.若纵坐标是染色体数且CD段核DNA数是染色体数的两倍，则该曲线只能表示减数分裂
5．肺炎双球菌有多种类型，其中S型菌可分为Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ型；Ⅲ型荚膜最厚，致病力最强；S型菌在无血清的培养基中传代培养后，荚膜非常容易丢失而变为R型菌。
下列有关R型菌和S型菌的说法正确的是A．厚荚膜基因(SⅢ)可突变成薄荚膜基因(SI)，则SⅢ和SI互为等位基因
B．R型菌无毒，可以在人体内与人和平共处
C．S型菌通过无血清培养得到的R型菌没有致病性
D．R型菌转化成S型菌其基因型发生改变
6．科学家在线虫细胞中发现一种微小RNA(let-7RNA)。
该RNA在线虫幼虫期的后期出现，抑制Lin-41蛋白的合成，促使线虫由幼虫期进入成虫期。
若控制let-7RNA的基因发生突变，将导致线虫一直停留
在幼虫期。
下列叙述错误的是
A．控制let7-RNA的基因转录时，RNA聚合酶与该基因的起始密码子结合
B．let7-RNA在幼虫期的后期出现，是基因选择性表达的结果
C．let7-RNA可能是阻止Lin-41蛋白的翻译过程，从而抑制该蛋白质的合成
D．线虫不能由幼虫期进入成虫期，是由于遗传信息发生改变导致的
7．化学与社会生活息息相关，下列有关说法不正确的是（）
A．树林晨曦中缕缕阳光是丁达尔效应的结果
B．为提高人体对钙的有效吸收，医学上常以葡萄糖为原料合成补钙药物
C．2018年12月8日嫦娥四号发射成功，其所用的太阳能电池帆板的材料是二氧化硅
D．城郊的农田上随处可见的农用塑料大棚，其塑料薄膜不属于新型无机非金属材料
8．根据下列实验操作和现象所得到的结论正确的是（）
9A
A．含2.8g硅的SiO2晶体中存在的共价键总数为2N A
B．1L0.5mol·L－1的Na3PO4溶液中含有阳离子的总数为1.5N A
C．标准状况下，2.0gD2O中含有的质子数和中子数均为N A
D．室温时，pH=12的Ba(OH)2溶液中，氢氧根离子数目为1.0×10—2N A
10．空间实验室“天宫一号”的供电系统中有再生氢氧燃料电池（RFC），RFC是一种将水电解技术与氢氧燃料电池技术相结合的可充电电池。
下图为RFC工作原理示意图，有关说法正确的是（）
A．当有0.8mol电子转移时，b极产生4.48LO2
B．为了增加导电性可以将左边容器中的水改为NaOH溶液
C．d极上发生的电极反应是：2H+ +2e－=H2↑
D．c极上进行氧化反应，A池中的H+可以通过隔膜进入B
11．化学学科中有很多的“规律”，下列规律运用正确的是（）
A ．酸性：H 2CO 3<H 3PO 4<H 2SO 4<HClO 4，所以非金属性C<P<S<Cl
B ．依据强酸能制弱酸的原理，H 2SO 4能与CuS 反应制取H 2S
C ．任何方式下的氧化还原反应，氧化剂的氧化性一定强于氧化产物
D ．任何条件下，体积大的气体的物质的量一定比体积小的气体多
12．短周期元素A 、B 、C 、D 、E 的原子序数依次增大，A 的原子得到一个电子达到稀有气体结构，B 的
单质通常作为瓜果、食品的保护气，
E 所在的族序数是周期数的2倍，C 、D 、E 的最外层电子之和为10。
下列说法正确的是（ ）
A ．简单离子半径：E>B>C >D
B ．
C 可以从溶液中置换出
D 单质
C ．A 、B 、E 形成化合物中只存在共价键
D ．A 和B 形成的化合物溶于水可导电，所以该化合物为电解质
13．地奥司明片是治疗静脉淋巴功能不全相关的各种症状（腿部沉
重、疼痛、晨起酸胀不适感）的主要治疗药物，下图为合成地奥司明片
重要中间体，
下列有关说法正确的是（ ）
A ．分子式为C 18H 20O 6
B ．该中间体是高分子化合物
C ．该中间体可发生水解反应生成乙醇
D ．该中间体分子在一定条件下可以发生取代、加成、氧化反应
14.甲乙两车在同一条直道上行驶，它们运动的位移s 随时间t 变化的关系如
图所示，已知乙车做匀变速直线运动，其图线与t 轴相切于10s 处，则下列说
法正确的是（）
A ．甲车的初速度为零
B ．乙车的初位置在s 0=60m 处
C ．乙车的加速度大小为1.6m/s 2
D ．5s 时两车相遇，此时甲车速度较大
15.如图，竖直平面内有一段圆弧MN ，小球从圆心O 处水平抛
出；若初速度为v a ，将落在圆弧上的a 点；若初速度为v b ，将落在圆弧上的b 点；
已知Oa 、Ob 与竖直方向的夹角分别为α、β，不计空气阻力，则（ ）
A ． a b v sin v sin αβ=
B
．a b v v = C
．a b v v = D
．a b v v = 16.如图所示，天花板上固定有一光滑的定滑轮，绕过定滑轮且不可伸长
的轻质细绳左端悬挂一质量为M 的铁块；右端悬挂有两质量均为m 的
铁块，上下两铁块用轻质细线连接，中间夹一轻质弹簧处于压缩状态，
此时细线上的张力为2mg ，最初系统处于静止状态。
某瞬间将细线烧断，
则左端铁块的加速度大小为（）。