高中英语高频语法之动词的时态、语态与语法填空(思维导图+练习含答案)

高频语法之动词的时态、语态与语法填空（解析版）
一、谓语动词
1. 思维导图
2. 高考真题再现
一、2021年高考真题
1.（2021.6新高考1卷语法填空）
for the people then to put all those rocks into place.
【答案】was
【解析】考查动词时态和主谓一致。

分析句子结构可知，此处应该填谓语动词。

根据空后的提示词then可知，表示当时的情况，故此处谓语动词应用一般过去时；从句主语为it，是第三人称单数形式。

故填was。

2.（2021.6 浙江卷语法填空）
most of their furniture.
【答案】sold
【解析】考查一般过去时。

句意：1861年，林肯被选举为国家总统后，他们租了房子并且卖掉了大部分的家具。

rent和sold为并列谓语，用and连接，所以都用一般过去时。

3.（2021.6全国甲卷语法填空）
It 1 (build) originally to protect the city in the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored（修复）.
【答案】was built ;
【解析】考查动词的时态/语态以及主谓一致。

根据句子结构可知，空格填写谓语动词，又因it指代前面The Xi'an City Wall，和build是被动关系，且是在the Tang dynasty被建立，故用过去式的被动语态。

本句句意：它最初是在唐代为保护这座城市而建的，现在已经完全修复。

故填was built。

4.（2021.6全国甲卷语法填空）
We 6 (hire) our bikes from the rental place at the South Gate.
【答案】hired
【解析】考查动词的时态。

根据句子的结构可知空格应该填写谓语动词，根据后文My bike was old可知，应该为过去的时态，主语为we, 为主动语态，故填hired。

5.（2021.6 浙江卷语法填空）
It doesn't impress like George Washington's plantation on the Pohomac, but Lincoln's home in
publie.
【答案】has proved 或has proven
【解析】考查现在完成时。

结合句中since一词，可以判断句子的谓语应该用现在完成时。

句意：自从它开放后，林肯的家已经证明是让游客们不可抵挡地想去参观的。

6.（2021.6 浙江卷语法填空）
【答案】was painted
【解析】考查一般过去时的被动语态。

句意：这个小房子被粉刷成白色。

房子被粉刷，所以用被动。

动作发生在过去，所以用一般过去时。

7.（2021.1 浙江卷语法填空）
It is calculated by dividing a person’s weight in kg by their height in meters squared, and a BMI
【答案】is considered
【解析】考查被动语态。

句意：介于19-25的BMI数值被认为是健康的。

分析句子结构a BMI of between 19 and 25 (consider) healthy.可知Consider做谓语，主语是单数，根据句意谓语动词应为被动且时态为一般现在时，故答案为is considered。

8.（2021.1 浙江卷语法填空）
【答案】was
【解析】考查系动词。

句意：然而在城市里，女人增长数值是1.3，男人增长为1.6。

分析句子结构可知主the gain是单数且该句陈述过去研究数据时态为一般过去时，故答案为was。

二、2020年高考真题
1.（2020·新课标I卷语法填空）The unmanned Chang’e-4 probe (探测器)—the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess 61．(touch) down last week in the South Pole-Aitken basin.【答案】touched
【解析】考查时态。

句意：无人月球探测器嫦娥四号——名字的灵感来源于古代的中国月亮女神——上周在南极艾特肯盆地着陆。

此处是句子的谓语，根据时间状语last week可知应使用一般过去时，故填touched。

2.（2020·新课标I卷语法填空）＂This really excites scientists,＂Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brown University, says, ＂because it 67．(mean) we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon 68．(construct) .＂
67.【答案】means
【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。

句意：“这真的使科学家们激动，”布朗大学的一位科学家Carle Pieters说：“因为它意味着我们有机会获得月球是如何构造的信息。

”根据上文“This really excites scientists”可知，此处也使用一般现在时，主语是it，所以空处谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式means，故填means。

68．【答案】is constructed
【解析】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。

句意同上。

分析句子可知，此处是宾语从句谓语动词，谓语construct与主语the moon之间是被动关系，应使用被动语态，再由上下文可知此处应使用一般现在时，主语the moon是单数，故填is constructed。

3．（2020·新课标III卷语法填空）The artist was sure he would 63．(choose), but when he presented his masterpiece to the emperor’s chief minister, the old nan laughed.
【答案】be chosen
【解析】考查动词语态。

句意：画家确信他会被选中，但是当他把他的杰作送给皇帝的宰相时，这位老人笑了。

本句中主语he与谓语动词choose构成被动关系，且would后跟动词原形。

故填be chosen。

4.（2020·山东卷语法填空）The parts of a museum open to the public 40．(call) galleries or rooms.【答案】are called
【解析】考查动词时态及语态。

句意:博物馆对公众开放的部分被称为画廊或展厅。

此处描述的是客观使用，应使用一般现在时；主语与call是逻辑动宾关系，应使用被动语态，且主语是复数概念。

故填are called。

5．（2020·新课标III卷语法填空）65（When/As）he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary (传奇的) artist, they smiled and 66．(point) down the river.【答案】pointed
【解析】考查动词时态。

句意：当他问河岸上的村民，他在哪里可以找到这位传奇艺术家时，他们笑着指着河的下游。

根据上文they smiled and可知此处应用一般过去时。

故填pointed。

6.（2020·浙江卷语法填空）And，as more children were born，more food 59．(need).
【答案】was needed
【解析】考查时态语态。

句意：随着越多的小孩出生，越多的食物被需要。

分析句子，逻辑主语和need之间表示被动逻辑。

同时此处描述的是过去的时间，所以时态应用过去时。

故此处应用过去时的被动语态。

food为不可数名词。

故填was needed。

7.（2020·浙江卷语法填空）By about 6000 BC，people 61．(discover)the best crops to grow and animals to raise.
【答案】had discovered
【解析】考查时态。

句意：大约在公元前6000年，人们已经发现了最适宜种植的庄稼和最适宜饲养的牲畜。

分析句子，简单句中除了提示词外无其余动词，故此处需用动词的时态。

逻辑主语和提示词之间表示主动逻辑。

by + 过去时间译为“到……为止”，后面的句子用过去完成时。

故填had discovered.
8.（2020·浙江卷语法填空）New methods 65．(mean)that fewer people worked in farming.【答案】meant
【解析】考查时态。

句意：新方法意味着更少的人从事农业。

分析句子，主句部分无其他动词，故此处需填时态。

文章的整体时态是过去时，根据时态一致原则此处也应为过去时。

逻辑主语和动词之间表示主动关系。

所以此处填过去时的主动形式。

故填meant。

9.（2020·山东卷语法填空）The 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example, 38．(form) the core collection of the British Museum 39（which/that）opened in 1759.
【答案】formed
【解析】考查动词时态。

句意:例如，汉斯•斯隆爵士的8万件藏品构成了1759年开馆的大英博物馆的核心藏品。

此处是谓语动词，根据时间状语in1759可知，应使用一般过去时。

故填formed。

三、2019年高考真题
1.【2019·新课标II卷·语法填空】I don't see any reason to give up work. I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I ___66___(make) over the years
【答案】have made
【解析】考查动词的时态。

根据该定语从句中的时间状语“over the years”可知，此处用现在完成时态，句意：我喜欢到这里来看看我的家人和我这些年来交到的朋友们。

故填have made。

2.【2019·新课标III卷·语法填空】Our hosts shared many of their experiences and___65___(recommend)wonderful places to eat，shop，and visit. For breakfast，we were able to eat papaya(木瓜)and other fruits from their trees in the backyard.
【答案】recommended。

【解析】考查一般过去时。

句意：我们的主人跟我们分享了很多他们的经历并推荐了一些很好的吃饭、购物和参观的地方。

“and”前后两个动作“shared”与“recommended”是并列关系，时态一致。

故填recommended。

3.【2019·新课标III卷·语法填空】O n the last day of our week-long stay，we ___69___(invite)to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars
【答案】were invited。

【解析】考查动词的时态和语态。

由“on the last day of our week-long stay”可知，句子时态为一般过去时。

根据句意：我们被邀请去参加一场私人音乐会，所以用被动语态。

主语为we，故填were invited。

4.【2019·新课标I卷·语法填空】Of the nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six ___70___ (be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.
【答案】are
【解析】时态和考查主谓一致。

根据three are declining，此处数词six作主语，代指前文中的“polar bear subpopulations”，故用复数谓语，一般现在时，故填are。

5.【2019·新课标II卷·语法填空】Picking up her“Lifetime Achievement”award，proud Irene
___64___(declare) she had no plans __to retire__ (retire) from her 36-year-old business.
【答案】declared
【解析】考查谓语动词的时态。

根据上下文可知，该句主语为Irene，此处为谓语成分，根据后文had 以及said 可知用一般过去时态，故填declared。

四、2018年高考真题
1.【2018·新课标卷I·语法填空】While running regularly can’t make you live forever, the review says it 64 (be) more effective at lengthening life 65 walking, cycling or swimming. 【答案】is
【解析】考查动词的时态和主谓一致。

医学报告显示：跑步比散步、骑车和游泳更能有效地延长寿命。

这里叙述的是一个事实，故用一般现在时，且主语是it，要用第三人称单数。

故填is。

2.【2018·新课标卷II·语法填空】Diets have changed in China — and so too has its top crop. Since 2011,the country ___61___（grow）more corn than rice.
【答案】has grown
【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。

since加时间点，主句要用现在完成时，且主语为the country，所以应该应该用单数形式。

句意：2011年以来，中国种植的玉米比水稻多。

故填has grown。

3.【2018·新课标卷II·语法填空】The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005—when the government ___68___ (start) a soil-testing program that/which gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers - and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons.
【答案】started
【解析】考查动词的时态。

句意：在2005年政府开始了一项土壤测试项目。

本句是when
引导的定语从句，由于时间是2005年，故用过去时。

故填started。

4.【2018·新课标卷II·语法填空】True to a gorilla's unaggressive nature, the huge animal ____69____(mean)me no real harm.
【答案】mean
【解析】考查动词的时态。

分析本句的句子成分可知，本句缺少谓语，再根据总体时态可知要用一般过去时，所以用meant。

3. 考试技巧
语法填空解题策略
1. 看到空格处修饰的是名词, 要想到用形容词。

2. 看到空格处修饰的是动词、形容词、副词或整个句子, 要想到用副词。

3. 看到与than连用, 要想到用形容词或副词的比较级。

4. 看到and, or, but等并列连词前或后用的比较级, 要想到用比较级。

5. 看到语境中暗含比较含义, 要想到用比较级(二者之间)或最高级(三者及以上)。

4. 知识点拓展
1：考点梳理
1.常见的十种动词时态，尤其是对一般过去时和现在完成时的考查；
2. 被动语态。

考点1基本用法
1. 常见的十种动词时态有：一般现在时、现在完成时、现在进行时、现在完成进行时、一般将来时、将来进行时、过去将来时、一般过去时、过去进行时和过去完成时。

2. 动词的语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。

主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。

不及物动词或不及物动词短语不能用于被动语态。

People speak English all over the world. (主动语态)
English is spoken all over the world. (被动语态)
现在时过去时将来时过去将来时
一般ask/asks asked shall/will ask should/would ask
进行am/is/are asking was/were
asking
shall/will be asking should/would be asking
完成have/has asked had asked shall/will have asked should/would have asked
完成进行have/has been
asking
had been
asking
shall/will have been
asking
should/would have been asking
考点1常考时态的用法
1. 一般现在时
(1)表示经常性或习惯性的动作。

Tom often goes to school by bike.
(2)表示自然现象、客观事实或普遍真理。

Spring follows winter.
(3)表示现有的性质、能力或状态。

The flowers look beautiful.
(4)表示按计划安排好了将要发生的动作，这种情况仅限于少数有“开始”或“移动”意义的词，例如come, go, leave, start, arrive, begin, meet, fall, close, open, end, stop, return, take off等。

The party begins at 7 o’clock.
(5)在时间、条件、让步状语从句中，常用一般现在时表示将来的动作或状态。

I’ll write you a letter as soon as I get there.
If I have enough time, I’ll travel around the world.
Wherever you go, you will see the same thing.
2. 现在进行时
(1)表示此时此刻或现阶段正在进行的动作或存在的状态。

Are you working hard this term?
The car is being repaired.
(2)come, go, leave, do, send, take off, sail, arrive, return等表示方位移动的短暂性动词常用
进行时表将来。

We are going hiking this Sunday.
(3)与always, often, all the time, constantly, continuously, forever等连用表示频繁反复发生的动作或状态，常含有批评、抱怨、不满或赞扬等感情色彩，但并非强调动作正在进行。

He is always getting angry with me.
3. 现在完成时
(1)表示过去的动作现已结束，但对现在产生影响，常带有already, just, ever, never等副词。

He has already obtained a scholarship.
(2)表示动作或状态从过去开始，一直持续到现在。

此时，通常用延续性动词，并常与表示一段时间的状语连用，例如for ten minutes, since 1980, in recent years, so far。

The film has been on for half an hour.
(3)表示到目前为止的一段时间内，第……次做某事。

It’s the third time that I’ve seen the film.
4. 现在完成进行时
(1)发生在过去的动作或状态，持续到现在或将继续下去，可以译成“一直”。

现在完成时侧重持续或影响到现在，不强调将来的延续。

I have been cleaning the house all the afternoon.
(2)到目前为止，多次重复发生的动作或状态。

I have been telephoning him several times this morning.
5. 一般将来时
(1)表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态。

The football game will begin soon.
(2)表示事物固有的属性或必然趋势。

Fish will die without water.
(3)表示临时的决定。

—We don’t have any milk in our fridge.
—I’ll go and buy some.
(4)其他表示将来的结构
① be going to do表示主观打算或有迹象将要发生某事。

I’m going to have my hair cut after work.
Look at the clouds in the sky. It is going to rain.
② be＋to do表示按计划、安排将要发生的动作，还可表示命令或注定要发生的事。

There is to be an English exam next Monday.
Father warned his son，“You are to be back by ten.”
The worst is still to come.
③ be about to do表示正要去做某事，但不与表将来的时间状语连用。

I am about to go shopping.
注意：if条件句中一般不用将来时，如果使用will，其意义为“愿意”。

If you will give her another chance, she will surprise you.
6. 过去将来时
表示对过去某一时刻而言将要发生的动作或存在的状态。

He said he would come to our school.
7. 一般过去时
(1)表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常与表示过去的时间状语连用。

I bought a new bike last week.
(2)表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。

He often watched TV at night.
8. 过去进行时
(1)表示过去某段时间里或某一时刻正在进行的动作或存在的状态。

I was playing computer games when my parents came home.
He slipped out of the classroom when the teacher was not noticing him.
(2)表示过去频繁发生的动作或习惯，常与always 等副词连用。

Mrs. Black was always having dinner with her old parents.
9. 过去完成时
(1)表示过去某时间或某动作之前完成的动作或存在的状态，即“过去的过去”。

I had read the report by last weekend.
When I came back, he had eaten all the sweets.
(2)在hardly/scarcely... when, no sooner... than, It was the first/second... time (that)... 等句型中。

We had hardly/scarcely left the house when it began to rain.
No sooner had we left the house than it began to rain.
It was the third time he had been out of work that year.
(3)表希望、想法、打算、意图的动词用过去完成时，表示未曾实现的愿望，意为“本打算……，本希望……”。

这类动词有mean, intend, expect, hope, want, plan, think, suppose 等。

They had wanted to help but could not get there in time.
考点2几组时态的区别
一般过去时
一般过去时只涉及一个纯过去
的动作,凡有明确的过去时间的均用
过去时,一般过去时强调的是动作发
生在“过去”,和现在毫无关系
Were you at school yesterday?昨天你在
学校吗?(问的是昨天的事情。

但对今天没什
么影响。

)
现在完成时
现在完成时强调的是对“现在”的
影响和结果,动作到现在刚完成或还
在继续
I have just finished my homework.我刚
刚写完作业。

(看上去好像是过去才发生的事
情,但是对我现在有了影响。

因为写完了作
业,就可以做自己想做的事情。

)
过去完成时过去完成时指的是相对于过去When he came in,I had had my supper.他
的某一特定时间更早发生的动作,发生在“过去的过去”,即过去完成时至少涉及两个过去的动作进来时,我就已经吃完晚餐了。

(吃在进来之前,所以用过去完成时。

)
考点4固定结构中的时态
hardly...when...,no sooner...than...“一……就……”
主句时态用过去完成
时,从句时态用一般过去时
Hardly had I opened the
door when Tom came in.
This/That/It is/was the
first/second...time+that从句“是……次做某事”
若主句中为is,则从句
时态用现在完成时;若为
was,则从句时态用过去完
成时
This is the first time we
have seen a film in the
cinema together as a family.
It+be...before...
“要过……才”或“在……以后才”
若be动词用一般过去
时,则before 从句中常用一
般过去时;若be动词用将来
时,则before 从句中常用一
般现在时
I’m sorry you’ve been
waiting so long,but it’ll still
be some time before Brian
gets back.
was/were doing...when“正在做
某事,这时(突然)”
在when引导的从句
中,谓语动词用过去式
I was about to leave when he came in.
I had just locked the door when I realised I had left my key on the kitchen table.
was/were about to
do...when...“正要做某事,这时(突然)”
had done...when“刚做完某事,这时(突然)”
It is/has been+时间段+since
since从句用过去时。

该句型表某个动作持续多
久。

但若since后跟延续性
动词,要翻译成否定含义,即
“没做某事已经多久了”
It has been three years
since he worked here.
他不在这工作已经三年
了。

It has been three years
since he smoked.
他已经戒烟三年了。

It has been three years
since he began to smoke.
他吸烟有三年了。

考点5 八种时态的标志词
一般现在时
often,usually,always,sometimes,never,seldom,every week/day/year/month...,once a week,on Sundays
一般过去时
ago,yesterday,the day before yesterday,last week/year/night/month (i)
1989,just now,at the age of five,one day,ago,long ago,once upon a time,then(那时),on that day,the other day(几天以前)
现在
进行时
now,these days,at this moment/time
过去
进行时
at this time yesterday,at that time或“when+一般过去时从句”,at 1:00 last night
现在完成时
recently,recent years,these days/years,lately,since,for+时段(但还在延续),in the past few years,ever since,in the last/past five months,up to now,since then,so
far,ever,never,yet,lately,once,twice,three/four times...,already,before,just
过去
完成时
before,by the end of last year/term/month
一般将来时
tomorrow,next day/week/month/year...,soon,in a few minutes,by...,the day after tomorrow,in the future
过去
将来时
the next day/morning/year...,the following month/week... 考点6 主动语态表示被动意义
系动词+形容词
look,sound,feel,smell,ta
ste,prove,appear
The soup smells good but
tastes terrible.
不及物动词与状语连用,用以表示主语的品质和状态
cut,sell,read,write,fill,co
ok,lock,wash,drive,keep
This kind of material washes
easily.
The pen writes smoothly.
Meat won’t keep long in
such hot weather.
表开始、结束、运动的动词begin,finish,start,open,close,s
top,end,run
The shop closes at 6 p.m.every
day.
有些表示“需要”的动词后加动词的-ing形式
need,require,want,be
worth
Your hair wants cutting.
The floor requires washing.
The book is worth reading.
不定式在某些形容词之后,且与主语有动宾关系
hard,difficult,easy,heavy
,fit,good,comfortable,conveni
ent,impossible
The question is difficult to
answer.
The box is heavy to carry.
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

One night, 41. winter, a bear came into the city in Vancouver Canada. It walked through the city streets past houses, shops and offices. Then it 42. (find) some food in bins outside a restaurant and started eating. In the morning, someone saw the bear and called the police. The police came with a vet (兽医) from the city zoo. They put the bear in a lorry and took it to the mountains outside the city. 43. (lucky), the bear was safe. But 44. happens in other countries when big animals come into cities? In Vancouver it is unusual 45. (see) a bear, but in some cities you can see big animals on the city streets every day.
Big animals usually come into cities to find food. In Cape Town in South Africa baboons (狒狒) come into the city when they are 46. (hunger). Human food is very bad for the baboons 47. (tooth) because it has a lot of sugar. Now, there are Baboon Monitors working in Cape Town. 48. (they) job is to find baboons in the city and return them to the countryside.
In Berlin in Germany, pigs sometimes come into the city for food. They eat flowers and plants in parks and gardens. Sometimes they eat vegetables from gardens 49. they walk in the street, causing accidents. Some people like the pigs and they give them food and water to drink. Other people do not like the pigs and they want the government and the police to stop them 50. (enter) the city.
【答案】
41. in
42. found
43. Luckily
44. what
45. to see
46. hungry
47. teeth
48. Their
49. and
50. entering
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。

说明了世界各个城市动物进入城市中寻找食物的现象。

41. 考查介词。

句意：冬天的一个晚上，一只熊来到了加拿大温哥华。

短语in winter“在冬天”，故填in。

42. 考查动词时态。

句意：然后它在一家餐馆外面的垃圾箱里发现了一些食物，开始吃起来。

根据下文并列谓语started可知应用一般过去时，故填found。

43. 考查副词。

句意：幸运的是，熊是安全的。

修饰整个句子应用副词，故填Luckily。

44. 考查疑问代词。

句意：但是在其他国家，当大型动物进入城市时会发生什么呢短语what happen“发生什么事”，故填what。

45. 考查非谓语动词。

句意：在温哥华，熊是不常见的，但在一些城市，你每天可以看到大动物在城市街道上。

固定句式it is unusual to do sth.“做某事是不寻常的”。

故填to see。

46. 考查形容词。

句意：在南非的开普敦，狒狒在饥饿的时候来到城市。

根据上文are可知应填形容词作表语，故填hungry。

47. 考查名词的数。

句意：人类的食物对狒狒的牙齿非常有害，因为它含有大量的糖。

tooth 为可数名词，前面没有冠词故应用复数形式。

故填teeth。

48. 考查物主代词。

句意：他们的工作是在城市里找到狒狒，然后把它们送回农村。

job为名词需要形容词性物主代词修饰，故填Their。

49. 考查连词。

句意：有时他们吃蔬菜从花园和他们走在街上，造成事故。

根据句意上下文为承接关系，故填and。

50. 考查非谓语动词。

句意：其他人不喜欢猪，他们希望政府和警察阻止他们进入城市。

短语stop sb doing sth.“阻止某人做某事”，故填entering。

2
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

The first blockbuster (大片) of China set in space, “The Wandering Earth,” opens Tuesday during grand expectations 51. it will represent the dawning of a new era in Chinese filmmaking.
“The Wandering Earth,” 52. (show) in 3-D, takes place in a distant future in which the sun is about to expand into a red giant and devour (吞噬) the Earth. It 53. (adapt) from works by Liu Cixin, the writer 54. has led a renaissance in science fiction here, 55. (become) the first Chinese winner of the Hugo Award in 2015. His novels are splendid and 56. (deep) researched. That makes 57. (they) reasonable fantasies about humanity’s meeting with a dangerous universe. The openings also come as China reached a milestone in space: the landing of a probe on 58. far side of the moon in January. Although decades behind Russia and the United States, China has now put astronauts 59. orbit and has ambitious plans to join—or even lead—a new age of space exploration.
“I think there is a very close 60. (connect) between Chinese cinema and the nation’s fortunes,” said Sha Dan, a curator at the China Film Archive.
【答案】
51. that
52. shown
53. is adapted
54. who/that
55. becoming
56. deeply
57. them
58. the
59. in/into
60. connection
【分析】
这是一篇新闻报道。

报道了“流浪地球”这部大片的开幕式、故事背景以及这部影片的意义。

51. 考查同位语从句。

句意：肩负着人们的厚望，中国第一部以太空为背景的大片《流浪地球》于周二上映。

这部电影被认为将代表中国电影制作新时代的曙光。

这是一个同位语从句，expectations的内容就是it will represent the dawning of a new era in Chinese filmmaking，并且从句部分是一个陈述句，故填that。

52. 考查过去分词作定语。

句意：“流浪地球”是以3D形式播放的，故事发生在遥远的将来。

“The Wandering Earth”与show之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词形式作定语。

故填shown。

53. 考查一般现在时的被动语态。

句意：电影改编于刘慈欣的作品，这位作家在中国引领了一场科幻小说复兴，在2015年成为了赢得雨果奖的第一名中国作家。

全文使用的是一般现在时，所以这句话也使用一般现在时，主语it指代的是“The Wandering Earth”，是第三人称单数，且是物作主语，所以语态使用被动语态。

故填is adapted。

54. 考查定语从句。

句意同上。

这是一个定语从句，先行词为the writer，指人，从句缺主语，故填who/that。

55. 考查现在分词作状语。

句意同上。

这里的分词作the writer的状语，the writer与become 之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词作伴随状语。

故填becoming。

56. 考查副词。

句意：刘慈欣的小说叙事宏大，背景研究细致入微。

空格处单词修饰动词researched，应用副词形式，故填deeply。

57. 考查代词。

句意：这使得这些小说是关于人类和危险的宇宙之间的合情合理的科幻小说。

这里的they指代his novels，并且在句中作make的宾语，所以用代词的宾格形式，故填them。

58. 考查定冠词。

句意：宇宙探测器一月份落在月球背面。

空格位于介词后，名词前，所以填冠词。

月球是独一无二的，所以这里特指月球的背面。

所以填定冠词。

故填the。

59. 考查介词。

句意：虽然落后于俄罗斯和美国几十年，但如今中国已经将宇航员送入太空轨道。

太空轨道是一个很大的范围，所以进入太空轨道用介词in或者into。

故填in/into。

60. 考查名词的单数形式。

句意：中国电影资料馆策展人沙丹说：“我认为中国电影和中国国运之间有着紧密联系。

”空格位于定冠词和形容词后，介词前，所以用名词形式，又有不定冠词a修饰，所以用可数名词的单数形式。

故填connection。

3
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Be cautious of Friday the 13th！Many people think the day is unlucky.61. （fortune）, there's only one Friday the 13th this year. As the legend goes，you should try not 62. （break）any mirrors，walk under a ladder，or even spill any salt. Why？Researchers say63. is tough to find out how the tradition came into being. Many believe it has 64. （religion）origins. In the Christian faith，there were 13 guests at table for the Last Supper，which was held the day before the Friday65. Jesus died. Now，Friday the 13h has become a cultural wonder. Many Americans avoid the number 13 all together，66. （include）hotel rooms and airplane seat assignments. It even costs couples less to get married on the day. There are many other67. （explain）behind the luckless day. Simon Bronner，a professor of American studies at Pennsylvania State. University，68. （believe）Friday the 13h is a way for people to pin their bad luck to a certain cause:. The fact should be69. there's nothing special about the number itself. After all，the number 13 70. （consider）to be lucky in some countries，like Italy
【答案】
61. Fortunately
62. to break
63. it
64. religious
65. when
66. including
67. explanations
68. believes
69. that
70. is considered
【分析】。