高中英语定语从句(直击高考)
高考英语 定语从句详解
高中英语定语从句详解定语从句用来充当句中定语的主谓结构;它主要用于修饰句子中的名词、代词。
而定语从句的位置常常是紧跟在被修饰的名词、代词的后面。
在被修饰的名词、代词与定语从句之间往往有一个关系词将其前后两部分联系成一个整体,或是构成一个名词短语;或是构成一个代词短语。
但从结构上说,关系词与从句是一个整体。
排除句子的其他各部分,这种带有定语从句的名词短语或是代词短语的构成可演示如下:1)three signs that indicate a person is suffering from a panic attack rather than a heart attack三种意味着一个人是患有惊恐症而不是心脏病的迹象在这个带有定语从句的名词短语中:signs是:被修饰的名词;that是:关系词;that indicate a person is suffering from a panic attack rather than a heart attack是定语从句2)those who drink a lot那些大量饮酒的人在这个带有定语从句的代词短语中:those是:被修饰的名词;who是:关系词;who drink a lot是:定语从句通过上面的演示,我们可以归纳出定语从句在句子中的位置、结构如下:被修饰的名词/ 代词+ 关系词+ 句子(其中,"被修饰的名词/代词"在语法叫作"先行词".)要点提示:1)"先行词"与"关系词"的内在联系"先行词"与"关系词"之间实质上是互等、互换的关系。
也就是说,关系词的作用就是将先行词所表达意义"代到"从句中来起作用。
例如:They often bee easily frightened or feel uneasy in situations (先行词)where(关系词)people normally would not be afraid .他们常在人们一般不会感到害怕的情况下却很容易感到恐惧或是感到不自在。
高考定语从句知识点总结
高考定语从句知识点总结定语从句是英语中非常重要和常见的一种语法结构,也是高考中经常考察的知识点之一。
定语从句用来修饰一个名词或代词,起到进一步说明或限制的作用。
本文将结合例子对高考中常考的定语从句知识点进行总结。
一、定义和基本结构定语从句是一个从句,由引导词(也称为关系词)引导并与名词或代词相连,加以修饰。
引导词包括关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词包括:that, which, who, whom, whose。
关系副词包括:where, when, why。
定语从句的基本结构为:关系代词/关系副词 + 先行词。
二、关系代词的用法1. that: 用于人或事物,在定语从句中作主语或宾语。
例句1:The book that you lent me is very interesting.例句2:This is the school that I used to study in.2. which: 用于事物,在定语从句中作主语或宾语。
例句1:I bought a new computer, which is very expensive.例句2:This is the house which my grandparents lived in.3. who: 用于人,在定语从句中作主语。
例句1:The girl who is sitting next to me is my best friend.例句2:I know a man who can speak five languages.4. whom: 用于人,在定语从句中作宾语。
例句1:He is the boy whom I met at the party.例句2:She is the teacher whom I respect a lot.5. whose: 用于人或事物,在定语从句中表示所属关系。
例句1:I have a friend whose father is a doctor.例句2:This is the company whose products are very popular.三、关系副词的用法1. where: 用于地点,在定语从句中表示地点。
高考英语语法冲刺专题12 定语从句
专题12 定语从句2023年高考英语冲刺复习考点通关大全【考点详解】【命题解读】在复合句中,修饰限定某一名词(或代词)的句子,叫定语从句。
定语从句是历年高考的重要考点。
研究近年的高考真题不难看出,近年高考对名词的考查主语侧重于以下几个方面:1.考查关系词2.考查定语从句中的主谓一致3.考查定语从句中关系代词和关系副词混用【命题预测】预计2022年高考对语境的要求会更高。
侧重考查先行词在具体语境中的含义,同时,对定语从句和名词性从句的辨析也将是命题者测试的考点。
【复习建议】1掌握关系词的用法2.掌握限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别3.熟练掌握句子结构的分析。
判断从句中是否缺主语、宾语、定语,如果缺少,则填关系代词;若从句中不缺少主语、宾语、定语成分,则要填关系副词或考虑“介词+关系代词”(注意介词后只能填which/whom)。
考点一(关系代词引导的定语从句)关系代词:who, whom, which, that, whose, as等。
关系代词可在定语从句中作主语、宾语、定语等。
作用:相当于形容词,修饰名词或代词,在句中作定语。
位置:定语从句常置于被修饰词之后;as引导的非限制性定语从句可置于主句前、句中,也可置于主句之后。
①The students who are from China raise your hands, please.来自中国的学生请举手。
②As is known to us all, Taiwan is part of China.众所周知,台湾是中国的一部分。
1.who, whom, that代替的先行词是表示人的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等。
I've made good friends with several of the students who/whom/that I met in the calligraphy competition last year.我已与去年在书法演讲比赛中遇到的几个学生结交为好朋友。
高考定语从句相关知识点
高考定语从句相关知识点高考是对学生长时间学习成果的总结,其中英语是必考科目之一。
而在英语中,定语从句是一个非常重要的语法知识点。
掌握定语从句的用法和特点对于高考英语的高分至关重要。
本文将系统地介绍高考定语从句的相关知识点。
一、定语从句的定义和作用定语从句是修饰名词或代词的从句,用来进一步说明或限定名词或代词的意义。
它在句中具有形容词的作用,起到修饰限定的作用。
在高考中,定语从句常常出现在阅读理解和完形填空题中。
二、引导定语从句的关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中,关系代词和关系副词用来引导从句,并起到连接作用。
常见的关系代词有:that, which, who, whom, whose。
而关系副词则有:when, where, why。
关系代词that在定语从句中用得非常普遍,它既可以指人又可以指物,常用来引导限制性定语从句。
例如:The book that I bought yesterday is very interesting.关系代词which主要指物,用来引导非限制性定语从句。
例如:My car, which is red, broke down yesterday.关系代词who和whom主要指人,who做主语,whom做宾语。
例如:The girl who is sitting next to me is my best friend. This is the boy whom I met at the party.关系代词whose用来表示所有关系,修饰名词或代词。
例如:She is the woman whose husband is a doctor.关系副词when用来引导时间状语从句,where用来引导地点状语从句,why用来引导原因状语从句。
例如:I will never forget the day when we met. This is the house where we used to live. I don't know the reason why he didn't come to the party.三、限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句在定语从句中,根据是否能够删除而分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。
高考英语 语法重难点系列 专题 语从句的难点和考点
落堕市安心阳光实验学校(直击高考)2013高考英语语法重难点系列专题09 定语从句的难点和考点定语从句是由关系代词(who, whom, that, which, whose, as)和关系副词(when, where, why)引导的从句,其作用是作定语用来修饰主句的某个成分,被定语从句修饰的那个词叫先行词,定语从句放在先行词的后面。
关系代词在定语从句中充当句子的主语、表语、宾语;关系副词在定语从句中充当状语。
作宾语的关系代词可以省略。
定语从句分为限定性和非限定性从句两种。
定语从句和先行词用逗号隔开的叫非限定性定语从句。
限定性定语从句是告诉人们 which one , 去掉之后句子意思不完整,非限定性定语从句是告诉人们更多的信息,去掉之后句子总体意思不受影响。
定语从句的讲点和考点都是关系词。
一、基础题型:用适当的关系词填空:1. The man ____lives next to us deals in vegetables.答案:who/that “住在我们隔壁的那个人是卖蔬菜的”。
关系词在定语从句中作主语。
解析:当先行词是人的时候,关系词用who,whom(作宾语),that2.A plane is a machine _____can fly.答案:that/which “飞机是能飞的机器”。
关系词在定语从句中作主语。
解析:当先行词是物时,关系词用that,which3.This is the actor _____name is known to all.答案:whose “这是那个他名字我们都知道的演员”。
4.The room ______window faces to south is mine.答案:whose “窗户朝南的那个房间是我的”解析:在3.4.题中,当先行词和关系词后面的名词有所属关系时,关系词用whose5.Do you remember the day ____ we first met?答案:when “你记得我们第一次见面的那天吗?”。
定语从句——备战新高考英语复习语法知识点全面梳理(全国通用)
2. 非限制性定语从句先行词指人时用who.
如何选择关系词:
1. 确定定语从句 2.看先行词是指人还是指物 3. 看从句中缺什么成分(把先行词还原到定语从句中,看先行词在定语从
句中作什么成分 4. 确定关系代词
定语是对名词或代词起修饰作用的词、短语或句子,名词、代词、形 容词 、数词、副词、介词短语、非谓语动词、从句等都可以作定语。
Guilin is a beautiful city.
China is a developing country.
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There are thirty women teachers in our school.
He is popular with teenagers.
Cai Xukun is a singer who is popular with teenagers.
定语从句:在句中起定语作用,修饰某一名词或代词的从句。
Cai Xukun is a singer who is popular with teenagers.
1.2 关系代词whose
whose 在从句中作定语,指人或物。
1. This is the boy whose composition the teacher talked of.
Whose composition = the composition of whom = of whom the composition
1.4 关系代词只用who的情况
① People want to listen to someone who is interesting. ② Anyone who breaks the law is punished. ③ The student you should learn from is the one who works hard. ④ Those who break the law are punished. ⑤ He who breaks the law is punished. ⑥The famous film star, who tries to make a comeback, draws a lot of attention.
高中定语从句讲解
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简单来说,当从句缺主语或宾语,且先行词是‘人’的时候,关系词可以用that/who; 当从句缺主语或宾语,且先行词是‘物’的时候,关系词可以用that/which。
1. 这个男孩很有趣。the boy is very funny 2. 我见过这个男孩。I saw the boy。 I saw the boy who/that is very funny. The boy who/that I saw is very funny.
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标主题
定语从句通常紧跟在被修饰的名词或代词之后,并且由“关系词”引导。 被修饰的名词或代词称之为“先行词”。
PART 02
‘定语从句’的高考考点:关系代词
关系词:同时起到连接、替代、引导作用的词 关系词分为关系代词(that、which、who、whom、 whose)关系副词(when、where、why)
定义:用一个句子修饰名词或代词
这是一本有趣的书。 这是一本你给我的有趣的书。 This is a funny book. This is a funny book that you gave me.
特朗普是一个好总统。 Trum is a good president. 特朗普是一个关心美国人民的好总统 Trum is a good president who cares for the American people.
高考英语定语从句讲解
高考英语定语从句讲解高考英语定语从句讲解一. 定语从句的概念在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词,引导定语从句的词叫关系词,定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。
高考英语定语从句讲解二. 引导定语从句的关系词引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词,常见的关系代词包括that,which, who(宾格whom,所有格whose)等,关系副词包括where, when, why 等。
关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用,同时又作定语从句的重要成分。
高考英语定语从句讲解三. 定语从句的分类根据定语从句与先行词的关系,定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。
限制性定语从句紧跟先行词,主句与从句不用逗号分开,从句不可省去。
非限制性定语从句与主句之间有逗号分开,起补充说明作用,如省去,意思仍完整。
高考英语定语从句讲解四. 关系代词的用法1. that 既可以用于指人,也可以用于指物。
在从句中作主语、宾语或表语。
作主语时不可省略,作宾语可省略。
例如:Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle.玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。
(that作主语)The coat (that) I put on the desk is blue.我放在桌子上的那件外套是蓝色的。
(that作宾语)2.which用于指物,在句中作主语、宾语或表语。
作主语不可省略,作宾语可省略。
例如:The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket.位于火车站附近的那座大楼是一家超市。
(作主语)The film (which) we saw last night was wonderful.我们昨天晚上看的那部电影很好看。
(作宾语)3.who, whom用于指人,who 用作主语,whom用作宾语。
高考定语从句知识点归纳
高考定语从句知识点归纳在中学生的学习过程中,高考定语从句是一个重要的语法知识点。
它是英语语法中的一个重要内容,也是高考中经常考察的题型之一。
了解和掌握高考定语从句的知识点对于学生能够在高考中取得好成绩具有重要意义。
本文将对高考定语从句的知识点进行归纳,帮助大家更好地理解和应用这一知识。
定语从句是一个修饰名词或代词的句子,在句子中充当定语的作用。
它通常由关系词(that、which、who、whom、whose等)引导。
定语从句主要有三种类型:限制性定语从句、非限制性定语从句和倒装定语从句。
首先来看限制性定语从句。
限制性定语从句是最常见的一种定语从句形式。
它对所修饰的名词或代词进行了限制,使得名词或代词的含义更加明确。
限制性定语从句通常由that、which、who、whom引导。
其中,that主要用于指物,which主要用于指物,who主要用于指人,whom则用于指人作宾语。
限制性定语从句的位置一般是紧跟被修饰的名词或代词之后。
例如:The book that I bought yesterday is very interesting.(我昨天买的那本书很有趣。
)接下来是非限制性定语从句。
非限制性定语从句用来对所修饰的名词或代词进行进一步的解释或补充信息,并且与主句之间使用逗号隔开。
非限制性定语从句通常由关系代词which或关系副词when、where、why引导。
这种定语从句一般用于描述事物的性质、特征或状态。
例如:My sister, who is a teacher, loves children.(我的姐姐是一个教师,她喜欢孩子。
)最后是倒装定语从句。
倒装定语从句位于被修饰的名词或代词之前,整个定语从句都做主语。
通常情况下,倒装定语从句由表地点、方式、原因、目的的状语引导,且常用连词地位的介词+which引导。
例如:In the garden stands a tree, round which we used to play.(花园里有一棵树,我们过去在它旁边玩耍。
高考英语定语从句知识点
高考英语定语从句知识点水滴石穿,绳锯木断。
备考也需要一点点积累才能到达好的效果。
小编为您提供高考英语定语从句知识点,巩固所学知识并灵活运用,考试时会更得心应手。
快来看看吧!(篇一)高考英语定语从句知识点概念引入欣赏含有定语从句的名言:Laughter is the sun that drives winter from the human face.笑是太阳,它从人们的脸上赶走冬天。
Don’t trust the first sign t hat you see.不要相信你看见的第一个迹象。
All is not gold that glitters.发光的未必都是金子。
Nothing is impossible to the man who has will.世上无难事,只怕有心人。
God helps those who help themselves.自助者天助。
(篇二)高考英语定语从句知识点一、定语从句的功用和结构在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。
被定语从句修饰的词叫做先行词,定语从句必须放在先行词之后。
引导定语从句的关联词有关系代词和关系副词。
This is the present that he gave me for my birthday.这是他给我的生日礼物。
Do you know everybody who came to the party?你认识来宴会的每一位吗?This is the place where Chairman Mao once lived.这是毛主席曾经居住的地方。
二、各个关系代词和关系副词的具体用法1. who 指人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语。
I prefer singers who can write their own lyrics.我更喜欢能写自己歌词的歌唱家。
These are musicians who make us happy.这些是能让我们高兴的音乐家。
高中英语2024届高考语法复习定语从句知识讲解(共十一个方面)
高考英语语法复习定语从句知识讲解一、概念定义:用来说明主句中某一名词或代词(有时也可说明整个主句或主句中一部分)而起定语作用的句子叫做定语从句。
简单地讲:定语从句就是修饰名词或代词的作定语的句子。
大家要清楚一个概念,那就是它就相当于一个形容词,作后置定语,所以定语从句通常又被称为形容词性从句。
可以解释为什么什么样的人或物。
☆前置形容词的位置顺序:Op sh a c o m (记住这个无意义的单词): opinion shape age colour origin materialtwo very nice small French wooden chairsan interesting little red French oil painting定语从句的位置只能放在它所修饰词的后面,被修饰的词我们叫它“先行词”。
Tom, who is 17, is my classmate.Tom is my classmate, who is 17.(Tom就是先行词)二、结构被修饰的名词 / 代词 + 关系词 + 从句"被修饰的名词/代词“ = "先行词"这儿要强调的是先行词只能是名词或代词“先行词”与“关系词”之间实质上是互等、互换的关系。
关系词的作用就是将先行词所表达意义“代到”从句中来起作用。
“先行词”往往是分别重复出现在两个句中(主句和从句)的名词或代词。
先行词可以看成区别定语从句和名词性从句的标记。
看以下两句:That’s all that I have told him. 此句为定语从句,先行词为allThat’s what I have told him. 此句为表语从句,由what引导,没有先行词。
★那为什么一定要有关系词呢?关系词可以看作是连接主句和从句的桥梁,它指代先行词在从句中充当一个句子成份。
这就体现了英语句子的链形结构,英语的句子逻辑性很强,就象一环扣一环的链条。
高考英语专项定语从句语法详解以及练习题
高考英语专项定语从句语法详解以及练习题定语从句确实是由关系代词和关系副词引导的从句,同时作定语修饰主句中某一名词或代词(一)定语从句一样由关系代词和关系副词引导1、关系代词:who, whom, whose, which, that, as2、关系副词:when, where, why关系代词和关系副词必须位于主句先行词之后,定语从句之首,,起着连接先行词和定语从句的作用,同时在从句中又充当句子成分。
先行词:定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。
She is the girl who/that lives next door. 她确实是住在隔壁家的女孩。
关系代词that 人/物主语宾语Which 物主语宾语Whom 人宾语Who 人主语宾语Whose 人/物定语As 人/物主语宾语先行词在定语从句中作的语法成分关系副词when 时刻名词状语Where 地点名词状语Why 缘故reason 状语关系副词when(指时刻,在定语从句中作时刻状语,where(指地点,在定语从句中作地点状语),why(指缘故,在定语从句中作缘故状语)。
who, whom, whose, which, that, as的使用先行词指人,在定语从句中作主语,用who/that,同时不能省略She is the girl who/that lives next door. 她确实是住在隔壁家的女孩。
先行词指人,在定语从句中作宾语,用whom/who/that,能够省略That is the girl whom/who/that I teach. 那个确实是我教的女孩。
先行词指物,在定语从句中作主语,用which/that,同时不能省略The work that/which has just been finished is very important. 刚刚完成的那份工作专门重要。
先行词指物,在定语从句中作宾语,用which/that,能够省略This is the book which/that I want to read. 这确实是我想读的一本书。
高中定语从句(含中文翻译高考题解析)
高中定语从句(含中文翻译,高考题解析)在复合句中充当定语的从句叫定语从句。
定语从句的作用相当于形容词,用来修饰主句中的某一名词或代词或整个主句,所以,也称作形容词性从句。
被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词,定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。
在先行词和定语从句之间起连接作用的词叫关系词。
关系词有关系代词和关系副词两种。
一、关系代词引导的定语从句引导定语从句的关系代词主要有who, whom, whose, which, that等。
它们分别代替前面的先行词,并在定语从句中作主语、宾语或定语。
A.who指人,在定语从句中作主语。
What was the name of the man who lent you the money借钱给你的那人叫什么名字?(定语从句修饰先行词the man)He who laughs lst laughs best.谁笑到最后谁笑得最好。
(定语从句修饰先行词he)The chairman of the meeting, who spoke first, sat on my right.会议主席坐在我右边,他先发言。
(定语从句修饰先行词the chairman)B.whom指人,在定语从句中做宾语。
在口语或非正式文体中,whom可省略或可用who来代替,但在介词后面以及在非限制性定语从句中只能用whom。
There are some people (whomwho)we like and others (whomwho) we dislike.有些人我们是喜欢的,有些人则是我们讨厌的。
(定语从句分别修饰先行词people, others)The people whomwho I work with are all friendly.和我一起工作的人都很友好。
(定语从句修饰先行词the people)Mr Carter, whom I spoke to on the phone last night, is very interested in or plan.昨晚我在电话里和卡特先生交谈过,他对我们的计划很感兴趣。
【高中英语】必考英语语法定语从句
【高中英语】必考英语语法??定语从句1在复合句中做定语的从句称为定语从句,它可以用来修饰名词或代词。
被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。
定语从句必须放在先行词后面。
2引导定语从句的词通常被称为关系词。
关系词一般位于先行词与定语从句之间,且作为定语从句的一个成分。
关系词又分为关系代词和关系副词。
语法知识I 关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词,并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。
关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。
1)who, whom, that这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词,在从句中作主语和宾语。
例如:Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他就是你想见的人吗?(who/that在从句中作主语)He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。
(whom/that在从句中作宾语)2) whose 用来指人或物,(只用作定语, 若指物,它还可以同of which互换)。
例如:They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人车坏了,大家都跑过去帮忙。
Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green. 请递给我那本绿皮的书。
3)which, that所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等。
例如:A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside.农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。
(which / that在句中作宾语)The package (which / that)you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了。
高中英语高考复习定语从句知识精讲(附练习题)
高考英语定语从句知识精讲一、关系代词引导的定语从句1、that 指人或物在从句中作主语,宾语或表语;which 指物在从句中作主语,宾语或表语(作宾语时可以省略);who 指人在从句中作主语,宾语或表语(作宾语时可以省略);whom 指人在从句中作宾语(作宾语时可以省略);whose 指人或物在从句中作定语;as 指人或物在从句中作主语,宾语或表语;注意:指物时,whose+名词 = the+名词+of which 或 of which + the +名词2、as 的用法(1)常用于下列结构:such…as; so…as; the same…as;注意:the same…as 表示同一类,不同一个the same…that 表示同一个(2)as与which的区别a、位置不同as可放在主句后,主句前或主句中间;which只能放在主句后。
b、as起连接作用,表达说话人的观点、看法,并指出主句内容的根据或出处,意为“正如,正像”。
which相当于并列句,可以用and this来代替,意为“这一点,这件事’”。
注意:as常用于下列结构:as we know/ as is known to all, as we all can see, as has been said before/above, as might be excepted, as is often the case, 一般不能用which 代替as。
c、在从句中作主语时,which既可作系动词be的主语也可作实义动词的主语,而as只可作系动词be的主语。
二、只用that不用which的情况1、先行词为 all, much, everything, nothing, something, anything, nothing, none, the one等不定代词时2、先行词被only, any, few, little, no , all, just , very ,right等修饰时.3、当先行词是最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时。
高考英语定语从句
高考英语定语从句
高考英语定语从句是高考考试中重要的语法知识点之一。
定语从句用来修饰名词或代词,限定或说明其特定的属性、特征或身份。
在考试中,经常会出现关于定语从句的题目,需要考生掌握该知识点并正确运用。
定语从句通常由关系代词或关系副词引导,常见的关系代词有:that, which, who, whom, whose;关系副词有:where, when, why。
当关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,通常可省略;而作
宾语或介词宾语时,不可省略。
定语从句的结构分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。
限制性定语从句是对前面的名词进行限定,如果去掉该定语从句,整个句子的意思会发生改变或不完整;非限制性定语从句是对前面的名词进行补充说明,如果去掉该定语从句,整个句子的意思仍然完整。
在使用定语从句时,需要注意一些常见的错误。
比如,关系代词的选择错误(如使用which作为人的关系代词),关系代词缺失(如出现两个连续的定语从句,第二个从句中省略关系代词),以及定语从句与先行词的不一致等。
要掌握定语从句的正确使用,需要多进行相关的练习和例句的分析。
培养整体理解句子的能力,了解句子之间的逻辑关系,以便正确判断定语从句的引导词和相应位置。
总之,定语从句是高考英语考试中的重要知识点,掌握好定语
从句的用法和规则,能够在考试中更加准确地理解和完成题目。
通过多做练习和积累例句,进一步加强对定语从句的掌握和运用,提高自己的语言表达能力。
高考英语语法填空之定语从句
高考英语语法填空之定语从句一:知识储备1.确定是定语从句设空处无提示词,而设空前的主句完整;设空后的句子不完整,且对设空前的某一名词或代词起限定作用,考虑填定语从句关系词。
2.掌握3步法解题技巧第1步:分清限制与非限制在先行词的后面出现逗号的,是非限制性定语从句。
①that不能引导非限制性定语从句。
②which引导非限制性定语从句可代表主句的全部或部分内容,which意为“这一点”。
③as引导非限制性定语从句,可放句中或句首,意为“正如”。
其后的谓语动词多是be seen,be known,be reported,be mentioned,be said,is often the case等。
第2步:寻找先行词,辨别人与物①先行词指人:用that/who/whom/whose;②先行词指物:用that/which/whose等。
第3步:判断所缺成分,确定关系词①缺少主语:that/which/who;②缺少动词的宾语:that/which/who/whom;③缺少介词的宾语:whom/which;④缺少定语:whose;⑤缺少时间、地点或原因状语时:分别用when,where,why。
3.必记定语从句中的2个高频考点①当先行词为表示抽象地点的名词,如point,situation,case,stage等,若在从句中作状语,用关系副词where引导定语从句;若作主语或宾语,则用关系代词that/which。
②先行词为表示时间、地点或原因的名词,在从句中作状语时,用when/where/why引导从句;在从句中作主语或宾语时,用that或which引导从句。
二:真题精析1.The students benefiting most from college are those are totally engaged(参与)in academic life,taking full advantage of the college's chances and resources(资源).2.Their child is at the stage she can say individual words but not full sentences.3.We have entered into an age dreams have the best chance of coming true.4.But Sarah, has taken part in shows along with top models, wants prove that she has brains as well as beauty.5.She and her family bicycle to work, helps them keep fit.6.Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius, lived from roughly 551 to479B.C., influenced the development of chopsticks.7.Maybe you have a habit is driving your family crazy.8.The little problems we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions.9.My eldest son, work takes him all over the world, is in New York at the moment.10.She was taking the food to the refugee camp, in _which__ she distributed it to children.11.When harvest came around,he was already selling herbs,vegetables and cotton in the market people from the towns met regularly.三:课后练习1.Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius, lived from roughly 551 to 479 B.C.,influenced the (develop) of chopsticks.2. I live next door to a couple children often make a lot of noise.3. Many young people, most of were well-educated, headed for remote regions to chase their dreams.4.Some experts think reading is the fundamental skill upon school education depends.5.The number of smokers, is reported, has dropped by 17 percent in just one year.6.The books on the desk, covers are shiny, are prizes for us.7.He wrote many children’s books, nearly half of were published in the 1990s.8.China Today attracts a worldwide readership, shows that more and more people all over the world want to learn about China.9.A company profits from home markets are declining may seek opportunities abroad.10.Among the many dangers sailors have to face, probably the greatest of all is fog.11.The exact year Angela and her family spent together in China was 2008.12.We’ll reach the sales targets in a month we set at the beginning of the year.13.Until now,we have raised 50,000 pounds for the poor children, is quite unexpected.14.I borrowed the book Sherlock Holmes from the library last week, my classmates recommended to me.15.Please send us all the information you have about the candidate for the position.16.The book tells stories of the earthquake through the eyes of those lives were affected.17.The president of the World Bank says he has a passion for China, he remembers starting as early as his childhood.18.There is no simple answer, is often the case in science.19.Happiness and success often come to those are good at recognizing their own strengths.20.Finally he reached a lonely island was completely cut off from the outside world.21.John invited about 40 people to his wedding, most of are family members.22.We have launched another man made satellite, is announced in today’s newspaper.23.I wish to thank Professor Smith, without help I would never have got this far.24.Maria has written two novels,both of have been made into television series.25.That evening, I will tell you more about later, I ended up working very late.26.By 16:30, was almost closing time, nearly all the paintings had been sold.27.The dishes I cooked were Mom’s favorite.28.But my connection with pandas goes back to my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s, I was the first Western TV reporter...29.We will put off the picnic in the park until next week, the weather may be better.30.Opposite is St. Paul’s Church, you can hear some lovely music.31.As the smallest child of his family, Alex is always longing for the time he should be able to be independent.32.The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere his employees enjoy their work.33.The book has helped me greatly in my daily communication, especially at work a good impression is a must.34.Students should involve themselves in community activities they can gain experience for growth.35.I am looking forward to the day my daughter can read this book and know my feelings for her.36.I didn’t become a serious climber until the fifth grade, I went up to rescue a kite that was stuck in the branches of a tree.37.When I arrived, Bryan took me to see the house I would be staying.38. Nowadays people are more concerned about the environment they live.39. He wrote a letter he explained what had happened in the accident.40.Many countries are now setting up national parks animals and plants can be protected.。
直击高考试题,透视“as”考点
直击高考试题,透视“as”考点作者:美娟来源:《新校园·学习版》2008年第01期“as”虽小,但在英语中的使用却是非常广泛的,且它的用法亦是高考考查的重点内容。
笔者将结合近几年高考试题,对它的用法作简要剖析归纳,望对同学们有所启发和帮助。
【考点一】as作为关系代词,引导定语从句关系代词as既可以引导限制性定语从句,也可以引导非限制性定语从句,as在从句中作主语、宾语和表语。
其具体用法如下:1.引导限制性定语从句as在引导限制性定语从句时,常用于以下句式:(1)such+名词+as… 意为“像…一样的”,“像…之类”(2) the same + 名词+as… 意为“和…同样的”例如:They are facing the same problem as we did the year before last year.他们正面对前年我们所碰到的相同问题。
I have never heard such terrible stories as he tells.我从未听到过如他讲的那么可怕的故事。
[例] He is such a lazy man _____ nobody wants to work with ____.(2006年成都卷)A. as; himB. that; /C. as; /D. whom; him[解析]答案为C,先行词用such来修饰时,关系代词只用as; as又在定语从句中作work with的宾语,故第二个空不能再用him。
There at the door stood a girl about the same height_____. (2004年北京春季卷)A. as meB. as mineC. with mineD. with me[解析]the same …as是“和…一样”,根据句意,比较的对象是人的高度,故答案为B。
2.引导非限制性定语从句as 在引导非限制性定语从句时,其关系代词为整个句子,as在从句中作主语、宾语和表语,可意为“正如…”“这一点”“那一情况,像….一样”。
高考英语定语从句
高考英语定语从句在英语语法中,定语从句是一种重要的句型,它用于描述或修饰句子中的名词或代词。
这种从句由关系词引导,关系词在从句中担任句子成分。
在高考英语中,定语从句也是考察的重点之一。
本文将分析高考英语中的定语从句考点。
一、关系词的选择在定语从句中,关系词的选择是关键。
关系词分为关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词有that、which、who、whose等,关系副词有where、when、why等。
学生需要掌握这些词的用法,以便在高考中正确选择。
二、定语从句的引导词定语从句的引导词是关系词,它们在从句中起到连接主句和从句的作用。
引导词的选择取决于先行词的类型和在句子中的位置。
例如,当先行词是物时,我们通常使用which或that作为引导词;当先行词是人时,我们通常使用who或that作为引导词。
三、定语从句的省略在英语语法中,定语从句有时可以省略,但这并不意味着可以忽视它。
在省略定语从句时,我们需要遵循一定的规则。
一般来说,如果定语从句的主语和先行词一致,那么就可以省略从句的主语和be动词。
但如果从句的主语和先行词不一致,则不能省略。
四、定语从句的考点分析在高考英语中,定语从句的考点主要包括关系词的选择、引导词的使用、定语从句的省略等。
学生需要熟练掌握这些知识点,以便在考试中正确解答题目。
也要注意一些易错点,如关系词的使用错误、引导词的缺失等。
定语从句是高考英语中的重要考点之一。
学生需要熟练掌握其基本结构和用法,并在实际运用中灵活运用。
也要注意一些易错点,避免在考试中失分。
定语从句是英语语法中重要的一部分,也是历年高考必考的内容之一。
下面就对历年高考中出现的定语从句题目进行梳理和解析。
一、2022年高考题本文山东卷)25. She will never forget her stay in China _______ she found her missing son.A. whichB. whenC. whereD. that答案:C. where解析:这句话的意思是:她永远不会忘记她在中国的那段时光,在那里她找到了她失踪的儿子。
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直击高考定语从句知识扫描:在复合句中修饰某一名词或代词,用做定语的从句叫定语从句。
定语从句可分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句两种。
定语从句是高考的热点之一,一般放在单选题和短文改错中。
考试的重点在关系词的选择、非限制性定语从句、介词家关系代词等方面,并且常常是几个知识点放在一起考查。
阅读理解中定语从句的理解也很关键。
高考热点:1、关系代词who(m)、which、that的选用和省略。
2、先行词是表示时间或地点的名词时,用关系副词when,where还是用关系副词which ,that。
3、介词+关系代词which, whom等,不能用that, who。
4、先行词是整个句子或句子的一部分时,用as或which引导的非限制性定语从句。
5、用Whose或of which引导的定语从句。
6、先行词是the way 或the reason时,关系词的选择。
7、先行词前有So ,such, as ,same等时,用 as引导定语从句。
核心解读一:1、1>关系代词的省略情况That , which, who, whom做宾语、表语时可省略。
He isn’t the man (th at) he was.The man (man) I spoke to is my brother.The book (that/which) I borrowed yesterday is very interesting.关系代词在从句中做介词宾语,而介词不在关系代词前时可省略。
This is the very book (that/ which) I have been looking for.That可做关系副词,往往省略,先行词多为 way, day, time, moment等。
I don’t like the way (that=in which) he talks.This is the third time (that) he has been late this week.2>关系代词的选用情况。
用于指代先行的名词或名词同等语并兼具连词功能引导从句与先行词之间关系的词叫关系代词.如果一个句子中缺成分<常常是选空后的句子缺主语、宾语或表语等>(一个简单的英语句子至少要有主语和谓语,谓语动词若是及物动词时则必须要有宾语),就要选择关系代词(that, which, as, who, whom, whose)。
不缺成分就只能缺句子的壮语,所以就应选择关系副词(when, where, why)。
I walked in the yard,____Tom and Jim were tying a big sign onto one of the trees.A. whichB. whenC. whereD. that[点拨]:答案C。
选空后的句子,主语是Tom and Jim。
谓语是were tying。
宾语是a big sign。
句子中不缺成分,所以要选关系副词when或 where 。
Tom and Jim两人的动作发生的场所是yard,所以只有选表示地点的副词C. where。
2、that, who, which做主语时,从句中谓语动词的数必须和先行词一致。
He is the only one of the teachers who is respected and loved by all the students. 他是唯一一位受所有学生尊敬和爱戴的老师。
(受尊敬和爱戴的只有一位老师)。
3、只能that用做关系代词的情况(共9种类型)。
1>.当先行词是all, everything, anything, nothing, much, little, none, one等不定代词时(something除外),只用that。
歌诀助记:不定代词这路货,全用that准没错。
Pay attention to everything that I do.2>.当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时,只用that。
歌诀助记:先行词前被限定,千万不要用which.This is the best novel (that) have read.3>.如果出现两个或两个以上的先行词,并同时兼指人和物时,关系代词用that。
歌诀助记:两项并列人与物,引导定从用that.They were talking about the person and things that they remembered in school. 4>.当先行词被the only, the last, the way, the same等等修饰时。
This is the last time that I shall give you a lesson.5>.在疑问词who, which, what开头的特殊疑问句中,为了避免重复只用that。
Which of the students that knows something about history.6>.当定语从句为there be 句型时,关系代词只能用that,也可以省略。
This is the fastest train (that) there is to Beijing.7>.当指人或物的关系代词在定语从句中做表语时,关系代词只能用that,也可以省略。
如:China is not the country (that) it was.8>. 当先行词被All, every, no, some, any, little, much等修饰时,只用that。
He has little time that he can spare.9>.当被修饰的成分是数词时,(被修饰成分是代名词one,指人时除外)只用that.I’ve got one that you might be interested in.4.指物只能用which 不用that的情况1).在非限制性定语从句中2).在介词后面5.指人时只能用who不用 that的情况1). 先行词为one, ones或anyone.2). 先行词为those.3). 在there be开头的句子中。
There is a man who called himself Mr. Wu at the gate.4). 在非限制性定语从句中。
6.“the same ...as”, “such...as” 中的as 可以指人或物,作从句的主语、宾语、表语或介词的宾语。
如:Such money as he earned was spent on spirits and tobacco.Is this the same mosquito as bit you just now?He was not half such a coward as we took him for.7.why引导表示原因的定语从句,其先行词一般是reason。
当主句主语是reason时,作主句表语的成分不能有because和because of 。
其结构一般为the reason why…is that…,或者the reason that … is that…,如:He did not tell us the reason why he was late again.The reason why (that)he didn't come is that he was ill.核心解读二:在“介词+which / whom”的结构中,介词的选择取决于三种情况:1.定语从句中谓语动词或表语的搭配This is the college in which I am studying.He is the man about whom we are talking.2.先行词与介词的习惯搭配当先行词表示“领域、方面”时,如:aspect, respect, area, field等,用 in which;当先行词表示“价格、利率、速度”时,如:rate, price, speed 等,用 at which;当先行词表示“程度”时,如:degree, extent等,用 to which;当先行词表示“根据、依据、基础”时,如:grounds, foundation, basis等,用 on which;The speed at which the machine operates is shown on the meter.It is useful to be able to predict the extent to which a price change will affectsupply and demand.3.当定语从句为最高级时只能用of which,否则用其他介词I have five dictionaries of which Longman Dictionary is the best.I have five dictionaries among which Longman Dictionary is published in UK.4.非限制性定语从句与并列句主句的比较,主要区别在于主句后面的标点符号。
. some of them; some of them1) I pick up the apples and / but some of them were bad.Most of them;some of them2) I have some students and most of them are from Beijing.,most of whom注意:不可拆分的动词短语介词不能提前,如put up with;有的短语可能有不同的介词搭配,此时需要根据上下文来确定。
如:be familiar with / to ; compare with / to.核心解读三:当先行词为表示时间的名词(如:time, day, year, week, month, occasion)或地点的名词(如:place, room, city, country)时,一般用关系副词 when 或 where. 分别相当于in which, at which, on which。
但是当这些表示时间或地点的名词作从句的宾语时,则要用关系代词that 或which。
I can't forget the days when (in which) I lived with you.Can you tell me the day when (on which) the first satellite was sent into space?China is the only country where (in which) wild pandas can be found.I’ll never forget the village where I spent my childhood.I will never forget the days that (which) I spent in Peking University.(点拨:本句days 作spend 的宾语,故用关系代词that / which )I have never been to Beijing, which but I hear about .核心解读四:非限定性定语从句不能用that引导, 一般用引导词which / as或who(指人),非限定性定语从句既可以修饰主句的部分内容,也可修饰主句的全部内容。