英语16大时态及8种被动语态图表

合集下载

16种英语时态表格归纳

16种英语时态表格归纳

16种英语时态表格归纳16种英语时态表格归纳在学习英语过程中,时态是必须掌握的基本内容,而且也是相对较难的部分。

下面将16种英语时态整理成表格,便于学生理解与掌握。

一、一般现在时标志词:always, often, usually, seldom, never, everyday/week/month/year/…I/you/we/they + 动词原形he/she/it + 动词原形+s二、一般过去时标志词:yesterday, last week/month/year, ago动词原形+edbe动词:was/were三、一般将来时标志词:tomorrow, next week/month/year, in+时间will/shall+动词原形四、现在进行时标志词:now, at the moment, right now, currently am/is/are+现在分词五、过去进行时标志词:at+时间,when, whilewas/were+现在分词六、将来进行时标志词:at+时间will/shall+be+现在分词七、现在完成时标志词:ever, never, already, yet, justhave/has+过去分词八、过去完成时标志词:before, by the timehad+过去分词九、将来完成时标志词:by+时间will/shall+have+过去分词十、一般过去时被动语态标志词:被动语态was/were+过去分词十一、现在完成时被动语态标志词:被动语态have/has+been+过去分词十二、过去完成时被动语态标志词:被动语态had+been+过去分词十三、一般将来时被动语态标志词:被动语态will/shall+be+动词过去分词十四、现在进行时被动语态标志词:被动语态am/is/are+being+过去分词十五、过去进行时被动语态标志词:被动语态was/were+being+过去分词十六、将来进行时被动语态标志词:被动语态will/shall+be+being+过去分词以上是英语16种时态的表格汇总,当然还有很多语法细节需要注意,而且有些时态在实际使用过程中还会存在一些变化。

16种时态的被动语态

16种时态的被动语态

时态语态时态名称的“字眼组合”记忆法:4×4=16时间:现在,过去,将来,过去将来形态:一般,进行,完成,完成进行16种基本时态对应的被动语态1. 现在一般时的构成第一人称:动词原形第二人称:动词原形第三人称:动词原形+s,部分特殊词+es复数人称:动词原形现在一般时的【被动语态】构成第一人称:am + 动词的过去分词第二人称:are + 动词的过去分词第三人称:is + 动词的过去分词复数人称:are + 动词的过去分词2. 现在进行时的构成第一人称:am + 动词的现在分词第二人称:are + 动词的现在分词第三人称:is + 动词的现在分词复数人称:are + 动词的现在分词现在进行时的【被动语态】构成第一人称:am + being + 动词的过去分词第二人称:are + being + 动词的过去分词第三人称:is + being + 动词的过去分词复数人称:are + being + 动词的过去分词3、现在完成时的构成第一人称:have + 动词的过去分词第二人称:have + 动词的过去分词第三人称:has + 动词的过去分词复数人称:have + 动词的过去分词现在完成时的【被动语态】构成第一人称:have + been + 动词的过去分词第二人称:have + been + 动词的过去分词第三人称:has + been + 动词的过去分词复数人称:have + been + 动词的过去分词4、现在完成进行时的构成第一人称:have + been + 动词的现在分词第二人称:have + been + 动词的现在分词第三人称:has + been + 动词的现在分词复数人称:have + been + 动词的现在分词现在完成进行时的【被动语态】构成第一人称:have + been + being + 动词的过去分词第二人称:have + been + being + 动词的过去分词第三人称:has + been + being + 动词的过去分词复数人称:have + been + being + 动词的过去分词5. 过去一般时的构成第一人称:动词的过去式第二人称:动词的过去式第三人称:动词的过去式复数人称:动词的过去式过去一般时的【被动语态】构成第一人称:was + 动词的过去式第二人称:were + 动词的过去式第三人称:was + 动词的过去式复数人称:were + 动词的过去式6、过去进行时的构成第一人称:was + 动词的现在分词第二人称:were + 动词的现在分词第三人称:was + 动词的现在分词复数人称:were + 动词的现在分词过去进行时的【被动语态】构成第一人称:was + being + 动词的过去分词第二人称:were + being + 动词的过去分词第三人称:was + being + 动词的过去分词复数人称were + being + 动词的过去分词7、过去完成时的构成第一人称:had + 动词的过去式第二人称:had + 动词的过去式第三人称:had + 动词的过去式复数人称:had + 动词的过去式过去完成时的【被动语态】构成第一人称:had + been + 动词的过去式第二人称:had + been + 动词的过去式第三人称:had + been + 动词的过去式复数人称:had + been + 动词的过去式8、过去完成进行时的构成第一人称:had + been + 动词的现在分词第二人称:had + been + 动词的现在分词第三人称:had + been + 动词的现在分词复数人称:had + been + 动词的现在分词过去完成进行时的【被动语态】构成第一人称:had + been + being + 动词的过去分词第二人称:had + been + being + 动词的过去分词第三人称:had + been + being + 动词的过去分词复数人称had + been + being + 动词的过去分词9、将来一般时的构成第一人称:will/shall/am going to + 动词原形第二人称:will/are going to + 动词原形第三人称:will/is going to + 动词原形复数人称:will/are going to + 动词原形将来一般时【被动语态】的构成第一人称:will/shall/am going to + be + 动词的过去分词第二人称:will/are going to + be + 动词的过去分词第三人称:will/is going to + be + 动词的过去分词复数人称:will/are going to + be + 动词的过去分词10、将来进行时的构成第一人称:will/shall/am going to + be + 动词的现在分词第二人称:will/are going to + be + 动词的现在分词第三人称:will/am going to + be + 动词的现在分词复数人称:will/are going to + be + 动词的现在分词将来进行时【被动语态】的构成第一人称:will/shall/am going to + be + being + 动词的过去分词第二人称:will/are going to + be + being + 动词的过去分词第三人称:will/am going to + be + being + 动词的过去分词复数人称:will/are going to + be + being + 动词的过去分词11、将来完成时的构成第一人称:will + have + 动词的过去分词第二人称:will+ have + 动词的过去分词第三人称:will+ have + 动词的过去分词复数人称:will+ have + 动词的过去分词将来完成时【被动语态】的构成第一人称:will + have + been + 动词的过去分词第二人称:will+ have + been + 动词的过去分词第三人称:will+ have + been + 动词的过去分词复数人称:will+ have + been + 动词的过去分词12、将来完成进行时的构成第一人称:will + have + been + 动词的现在分词第二人称:will + have + been + 动词的现在分词第三人称:will + have + been + 动词的现在分词将来完成进行时【被动语态】的构成第一人称:will/shall/am going to + be + being + 动词的过去分词第二人称:will/are going to + be + being + 动词的过去分词第三人称:will/am going to + be + being + 动词的过去分词复数人称:will/are going to + be + being + 动词的过去分词13、过去将来一般时的构成第一人称:will/shall/was going to + 动词原形第二人称:will/were going to + 动词原形第三人称:will/was going to + 动词原形复数人称:will/were going to + 动词原形过去将来一般时的【被动语态】构成第一人称:will/shall/was going to + be + 动词的过去分词第二人称:will/were going to + be + 动词的过去分词第三人称:will/was going to + be + 动词的过去分词复数人称:will/were going to + be + 动词的过去分词14、过去将来进行时的构成第一人称:will/shall/was going to + be + 动词的现在分词第二人称:will/were going to + be + 动词的现在分词第三人称:will/was going to + be + 动词的现在分词复数人称:will/were going to + be + 动词的现在分词过去将来进行时的【被动语态】构成第一人称:will/shall/was going to + be + being + 动词的过去分词第二人称:will/were going to + be + being + 动词的过去分词第三人称:will/was going to + be + being + 动词的过去分词复数人称:will/were going to + be + being + 动词的过去分词15、过去将来完成时的构成第一人称:would + have + 动词的过去分词第二人称:would + have + 动词的过去分词第三人称:would + have + 动词的过去分词复数人称:would + have + 动词的过去分词过去将来完成时的【被动语态】构成第一人称:would + have + been + 动词的过去分词第二人称:would + have + been + 动词的过去分词第三人称:would + have + been + 动词的过去分词复数人称:would + have + been + 动词的过去分词16、过去将来完成进行时的构成第一人称:will + have + been + 动词的现在分词第二人称:will + have + been + 动词的现在分词第三人称:will + have + been + 动词的现在分词过去将来完成进行时的【被动语态】构成第一人称:will + have + been + being + 动词的过去分词第二人称:will + have + been + being + 动词的过去分词第三人称:will + have + been + being + 动词的过去分词复数人称:will + have + been + being + 动词的过去分词规律:1、表进行全部有“现在分词”。

英语的16种时态及其被动语态例句

英语的16种时态及其被动语态例句

英语的16种时态及其被动语态例句英语的16种时态,及其动语态(be + V过去分词)。

第一句是主动语态,第二三句是被动。

1 一般现在时用动词原形I often watch TV.TV is often watched by me.2 一般过去时用动词过去时I watched TV just now.TV was watched by me just now.3 现在进行时be + ving.I am watching TV.TV is being watched by me.4 过去进行时was/were + vingI was watching TV when you came in.TV was being watched by me when you came in. (注意点跟第3句相同)be going to + 动词原形5 一般将来时will + 动词原形或I will go to the zoo on Sunday.The zoo will be visited by me on Sunday.\(注意这里will可以用is going to代替)6 过去将来时would + 动词原形或was/were going to + 动词原形Yesterday he told me he would go to the zoo next Sunday.Yesterday he told me the zoo would be visited by him next Sunday. (单被动)Yesterday I was told by him the zoo would be visited by him next Sunday. (双被动) (注意,这里的would可以用was going to 代替)7 现在完成时have/has + v过去分词I have finished my homework.My homework has been finished by me. (注意这里,have变成has因为第三人称单数。

英语16大时态及8种被动语态图表

英语16大时态及8种被动语态图表

动词的时态在英语中,由于谓语动作发生的时间不同,或表达不同时间存在的状态,谓语动词都要发生相应的变化.这些动词的形式就叫做动词的时态.英语动词的时态共有16种,列表如下:(以动词write为例)被动语态的构成疑问句时,须将第一个助动词移至主语之前,构成被动语态的否定句时,助动词后须加not. 各个时态的被动形式列表如下:(以动词teach为例)英语被动语态讲解(一)语态的基本概念和种类语态是动词的一种形式,用来表明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。

所以英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。

语态有两种:主动语态和被动语态。

主语是动作的发出者为主动语态;主语是动作的接受者为被动语态。

如:They built the bridge.The bridge was built by them.(二)被动语态的构成被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。

人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。

歌诀是:被动语态be字变,过去分词跟后面。

情态动词的被动语态是常考的一个知识点:情态动词+be+过去分词(三)被动语态的用法1)不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。

例如:Some new puters were stolen last night.一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。

(不知道电脑是谁偷的)This book was published in 1981.这本书出版于1981年。

(2)强调动作的承受者,而不强调动作的执行者。

例如:the window was broken by Mike.窗户是迈克打破的。

This book was written by him.这本书是他写的。

Eight hours per day for sleep must be guaranteed.每天8小时睡眠必须得到保证。

(四)主动语态变被动语态的方法与注意事项(1) 通常的办法是:将主动结构中的宾语变为被动结构中的主语,将主动结构中的谓语动词变为“be / get +过去分词”形式,将主动结构中的主语变为介词by的宾语(若动作的执行者没有必要说明则可以省略该by短语)。

16张图看懂英语16大时态,全面好懂!建议收藏!

16张图看懂英语16大时态,全面好懂!建议收藏!

16张图看懂英语16大时态,全面好懂!建议收藏!
仅仅16张图就将16大时态全部理清了,每一种时态表达什么意思,在何种场合使用,使用时,有哪些固定搭配,一应俱全。

一一般现在时
二一般过去时
三一般将来时
四一般过去将来时
五现在进行时
六过去进行时
七将来进行时
八过去将来进行时
九现在完成时
十过去完成时
十一将来完成时
十二过去将来完成时
十三现在完成进行时
十四过去完成进行时
十五将来完成进行时
十六过去将来完成进行时。

英语的16种时态及其被动语态例句

英语的16种时态及其被动语态例句

英语的16种时态及其被动语态例句英语的16种时态,及其动语态(be + V过去分词)。

第一句是主动语态,第二三句是被动。

1一般现在时用动词原形I often watch TV.TV is often watched by me.2一般过去时用动词过去时I watched TV just now.TV was watched by me just now.3现在进行时be + vingI am watching TV.TV is being watched by me.4过去进行时was/were + vingI was watching TV when you came in.TV was being watched by me when you came in. (注意点跟第3句相同) be going to +动词原形5一般将来时will +动词原形或I will go to the zoo on Sunday.The zoo will be visited by me on Sunday.(注意这里will可以用is going to代替)6过去将来时would +动词原形或was/were going to +动词原形Yesterday he told me he would go to the zoo next Sunday.Yesterday he told me the zoo would be visited by him next Sunday. (单被动)Yesterday I was told by him the zoo would be visited by him next Sunday. (双被动) (注意,这里的would可以用was going to代替)7现在完成时have/has + v过去分词I have finished my homework.My homework has been finished by me. (注意这里,have变成has因为第三人称单数。

英语的16种时态及其被动语态例句

英语的16种时态及其被动语态例句

英语的16种时态及其被动语态例句英语的16种时态,及其动语态(be + V过去分词)。

第一句是主动语态,第二三句是被动。

1 一般现在时用动词原形I often watch TV.TV is often watched by me.2 一般过去时用动词过去时I watched TV just now.TV was watched by me just now.3 现在进行时be + vingI am watching TV.TV is being watched by me.4 过去进行时was/were + vingI was watching TV when you came in.TV was being watched by me when you came in. (注意点跟第3句相同)be going to + 动词原形5 一般将来时will + 动词原形或I will go to the zoo on Sunday.The zoo will be visited by me on Sunday.(注意这里will可以用is going to代替)6 过去将来时would + 动词原形或was/were going to + 动词原形Yesterday he told me he would go to the zoo next Sunday.Yesterday he told me the zoo would be visited by him next Sunday. (单被动)Yesterday I was told by him the zoo would be visited by him next Sunday. (双被动) (注意,这里的would可以用was going to 代替)7 现在完成时have/has + v过去分词I have finished my homework.My homework has been finished by me. (注意这里,have变成has因为第三人称单数。

英语的16种时态及其被动语态例句

英语的16种时态及其被动语态例句

英语的16种时态及其被动语态例句英语的16种时态,及其动语态(be + V过去分词)。

第一句是主动语态,第二三句是被动。

1 一般现在时用动词原形I often watch TV.TV is often watched by me.2 一般过去时用动词过去时I watched TV just now.TV was watched by me just now.3 现在进行时be + vingI am watching TV.TV is being watched by me.4 过去进行时was/were + vingI was watching TV when you came in.TV was being watched by me when you came in. (注意点跟第3句相同)be going to + 动词原形5 一般将来时will + 动词原形或I will go to the zoo on Sunday.The zoo will be visited by me on Sunday.(注意这里will可以用is going to代替)6 过去将来时would + 动词原形或was/were going to + 动词原形Yesterday he told me he would go to the zoo next Sunday.Yesterday he told me the zoo would be visited by him next Sunday. (单被动)Yesterday I was told by him the zoo would be visited by him next Sunday. (双被动) (注意,这里的would可以用was going to 代替)7 现在完成时have/has + v过去分词I have finished my homework.My homework has been finished by me. (注意这里,have变成has因为第三人称单数。

英语的16种时态及其被动语态例句

英语的16种时态及其被动语态例句

英语的16种时态及其被动语态例句英语的16种时态,及其动语态(be + V过去分词)。

第一句是主动语态,第二三句是被动。

1 一般现在时用动词原形I often watch TV.TV is often watched by me.2 一般过去时用动词过去时I watched TV just now.TV was watched by me just now.3 现在进行时 be + vingI am watching TV.TV is being watched by me.4 过去进行时 was/were + vingI was watching TV when you came in.TV was being watched by me when you came in. (注意点跟第3句相同) be going to + 动词原形 5 一般将来时 will + 动词原形或I will go to the zoo on Sunday.The zoo will be visited by me on Sunday.(注意这里will可以用is going to代替)6 过去将来时 would + 动词原形或 was/were going to + 动词原形Yesterday he told me he would go to the zoo next Sunday.Yesterday he told me the zoo would be visited by him next Sunday. (单被动)Yesterday I was told by him the zoo would be visited by him next Sunday. (双被动) (注意,这里的would可以用 was going to 代替)7 现在完成时 have/has + v过去分词I have finished my homework.My homework has been finished by me. (注意这里,have变成has因为第三人称单数。

英语16种时态与被动语态

英语16种时态与被动语态

英语中的16种时态与被动语态※ 1.一般现在时※基本结构:S + V(原形)被动语态:受动者+ am / is / are + V(过去分词)※ 2.一般过去时※基本结构:S + V(过去式)被动语态:受动者+ was / were + V(过去分词)※ 3.一般将来时※基本结构: S + will / shall / be (am / is / are) going to +V(原形)被动语态:受动者+ will + be + V(过去分词)※ 4.一般过去将来时※基本结构:S + would + V(原形)被动语态:受动者+ would + be + V(过去分词)基本结构:S + am / is / are + V ing被动语态:受动者+ am / is /are + being + V(过去分词)※ 6.过去进行时※基本结构:S + was / were + V ing被动语态:受动者+ was / were + being +V(过去分词)※7.将来进行时※基本结构:S + will + be + V ing被动语态:受动者+ will + being + V(过去分词)※8.过去将来进行时※基本结构:S + would + be + V ing被动语态:受动者+ would + being + V(过去分词)基本结构:S + have / has + V(过去分词)被动语态:受动者+ have / has + been + V(过去分词)※10.过去完成时※基本结构:S + had + V(过去分词)被动语态:受动者+ had + been +V(过去分词)※11.将来完成时※基本结构:S+will+have+V(过去分词)被动语态:受动者+ will + have + been + V(过去分词)※12.过去将来完成时※基本结构:S + would + have + V(过去分词)被动语态:受动者+ would + have + been + V(过去分词)基本结构:S + have / has / + been + V ing被动语态:受动者+ have + has + been + being + V(过去分词)※14.过去完成进行时※基本结构:S + had + been + V ing被动语态:受动者+ had + been + being + V(过去分词)※15.将来完成进行时※基本结构:S + will + have + been + V ing被动语态:受动者+ will + have + been + being + V(过去分词)※16.过去将来完成进行时※基本结构:S + would + have + been + V ing被动语态:受动者+ would+ have+ been +being + V(过去分词)。

(完整)英语的16种时态及其被动语态例句

(完整)英语的16种时态及其被动语态例句

英语的16种时态及其被动语态例句英语的16种时态,及其动语态(be + V过去分词).第一句是主动语态,第二三句是被动。

1 一般现在时用动词原形I often watch TV。

TV is often watched by me。

2 一般过去时用动词过去时I watched TV just now。

TV was watched by me just now.3 现在进行时 be + vingI am watching TV.TV is being watched by me.4 过去进行时 was/were + vingI was watching TV when you came in.TV was being watched by me when you came in。

(注意点跟第3句相同)be going to + 动词原形 5 一般将来时 will + 动词原形或I will go to the zoo on Sunday。

The zoo will be visited by me on Sunday.(注意这里will可以用is going to代替)6 过去将来时 would + 动词原形或 was/were going to + 动词原形Yesterday he told me he would go to the zoo next Sunday。

Yesterday he told me the zoo would be visited by him next Sunday。

(单被动)Yesterday I was told by him the zoo would be visited by him next Sunday. (双被动) (注意,这里的would可以用 was going to 代替)7 现在完成时 have/has + v过去分词I have finished my homework。

英语的16种时态、被动语态和例句分类总结

英语的16种时态、被动语态和例句分类总结

英语的16种时态,及其被动语态(be + V过去分词)。

1.一般现在时用原形V 或 V+esI often watch TV.我经常看电视。

TV is often watched by me.电视经常被我观看。

2.一般过去时用动词过去时I watched TV just now.我刚才还在看电视。

TV was watched by me just now.电视刚才被我看。

3. 一般将来时 will + 动词原形或be going to + 动词原形I will visit the zoo on Sunday.我星期天要去动物园。

The zoo will be visited by me on Sunday.这个动物园在星期天要被我参观。

(注意这里will可以用is going to代替)4. 过去将来时 would + 动词原形或 was/were going to + 动词原形Yesterday he told me he would visit the zoo next Sunday.昨天他告诉我他下个星期天要去动物园。

Yesterday he told me the zoo would be visited by him next Sunday. (单被动)Yesterday I was told by him the zoo would be visited by him next Sunday. (双被动) (注意,这里would 可以用 was going to 代替)5. 现在进行时 be + vingI am watching TV.我正在看电视。

TV is being watched by me.电视正在被我看。

6. 过去进行时 was/were + vingI was watching TV when you came in.当你进来的时候,我正在看电视。

TV was being watched by me when you came in. 当你进来的时候,电视正在被我看。

英语16大时态和8种被动语态

英语16大时态和8种被动语态

动词的时态在英语中,由于谓语动作发生的时间不同,或表达不同时间存在的状态,谓语动词都要发生相应的变化.这些动词的形式就叫做动词的时态.英语动词的时态共有16种,列表如下:(以动词write 为例)被动语态的构成一般 进行 完成 完成进行 现在 write writes am is writing arehas writtenhave has been writing have 过去wrote waswrittingwere had written had been writing 将来 shall write will shall be writing will shall have written will shall have been writingwill过去将来 should write wouldshouldbewritingwould should have written would should have been writing would 一般进行 完成 现在amis taughtare am is being taught are has been taught have 过去was taught were was being taught were had been taught 将来 shall be taught will被动语态由助动词be 加过去分词构成,时态通过be 表现出来.构成被动语态的一般疑问句时,须将第一个助动词移至主语之前,构成被动语态的否定句时,助动词后须加not. 各个时态的被动形式列表如下:(以动词teach 为例)英语被动语态讲解(一)语态的基本概念和种类语态是动词的一种形式,用来表明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。

所以英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。

语态有两种:主动语态和被动语态。

主语是动作的发出者为主动语态;主语是动作的接受者为被动语态。

英语16种时态和语态一览表

英语16种时态和语态一览表

英语16种时态和语态英语中的时态和语态有很多种,以下是其中16种时态和语态的一览表:1. 一般现在时(Simple Present Tense):表示经常性、习惯性的动作或真理。

例句:I eat breakfast every morning.(我每天早上吃早餐。

)2. 现在进行时(Present Continuous Tense):表示正在进行的动作。

例句:She is studying for her exams.(她正在为考试学习。

)3. 现在完成时(Present Perfect Tense):表示过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响。

例句:He has already finished his homework.(他已经完成了作业。

)4. 现在完成进行时(Present Perfect Continuous Tense):表示过去开始并一直持续到现在的动作。

例句:They have been playing basketball for two hours.(他们已经打了两个小时的篮球了。

)5. 一般过去时(Simple Past Tense):表示过去发生的动作或状态。

例句:I went to the park yesterday.(昨天我去了公园。

)6. 过去进行时(Past Continuous Tense):表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作。

例句:She was watching TV when I called her.(我给她打电话时,她正在看电视。

)7. 过去完成时(Past Perfect Tense):表示过去某个时间点之前已经完成的动作。

例句:He had finished his work before he left.(他离开之前已经完成了他的工作。

)8. 过去完成进行时(Past Perfect Continuous Tense):表示过去某个时间点之前一直在进行的动作。

  1. 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
  2. 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
  3. 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。

英语16大时态及8种被动语态图表(共7页)--本页仅作为文档封面,使用时请直接删除即可----内页可以根据需求调整合适字体及大小--动词的时态在英语中,由于谓语动作发生的时间不同,或表达不同时间存在的状态,谓语动词都要发生相应的变化.这些动词的形式就叫做动词的时态.英语动词的时态共有16种,列表如下:(以动词write为例)被动语态的构成被动语态由助动词be加过去分词构成,时态通过be表现出来.构成被动语态的一般疑问句时,须将第一个助动词移至主语之前,构成被动语态的否定句时,助动词后须加not. 各个时态的被动形式列表如下:(以动词teach为例)英语被动语态讲解(一)语态的基本概念和种类(二)语态是动词的一种形式,用来表明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。

所以英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。

语态有两种:主动语态和被动语态。

主语是动作的发出者为主动语态;主语是动作的接受者为被动语态。

(三)如:They built the bridge.(四) The bridge was built by them.(五)(二)被动语态的构成(六)被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。

人称、数和时态的变化是通过be 的变化表现出来的。

(七)歌诀是:被动语态be字变,过去分词跟后面。

(八)情态动词的被动语态是常考的一个知识点:情态动词+be+过去分词(九)(三)被动语态的用法(十)1)不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。

例如:(十一)Some new computers were stolen last night. 一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。

(不知道电脑是谁偷的)(十二)This book was published in 1981. 这本书出版于1981年。

(十三)(2)强调动作的承受者,而不强调动作的执行者。

例如:(十四)the window was broken by Mike. 窗户是迈克打破的。

(十五)This book was written by him. 这本书是他写的。

(十六)Eight hours per day for sleep must be guaranteed. 每天8小时睡眠必须得到保证。

(十八)(四)主动语态变被动语态的方法与注意事项(二十)(1) 通常的办法是:将主动结构中的宾语变为被动结构中的主语,将主动结构中的谓语动词变为“be / get +过去分词”形式,将主动结构中的主语变为介词by的宾语(若动作的执行者没有必要说明则可以省略该by短语)。

如:(二十一)Li Lei planted the tree last year. → The tree was planted by Li Lei last year. 这棵树是李蕾去年栽的。

(二十二)Workers made the machines in Changsha. → The machines were made in Changsha. 这些机器是长沙造的。

(二十三)(2) 将含有复合宾语的句子变为被动语态时,应将宾语变为被动结构的主语,而宾语的补足语则留在原处成为主语补足语。

如:(二十四)He pa inted the door green yesterday. →The door was painted green yesterday. 昨天门被漆成绿色了。

(二十五)注意:表示“使、让”的动词make, have等,以及感官动词see, watch, observe, feel, hear, listen to, look at等,在主动语态中,接不定式做宾语补足语时,不定式前的 to 要省略,而变为被动语态时,成为主语补足语的不定式,则必须带to。

如:(二十六)I saw him go into the teach ers’ office. →He was seen to go into the teachers’ office. (二十七)看见他进入了教师办公室。

(二十八)(3) 带双宾语的句子变为被动语态时,既可将直接宾语变为被动语态的主语,而在间接宾语前加to 或for留在动词之后;也可将间接宾语变为被动结构的主语,而直接宾语留在动词之后。

但一般采用后一种用法。

如:(二十九)He gave me the pen last year. →I was given the pen last year. / The pen was given to me last year. 这支笔是去年给我的。

(三十)【说明】一般说来,间接宾语前带to的动词有:bring, give, hand, lend, offer, pass, post,send, show, take, teach, tell, write, throw等;间接宾语前带for的动词有:book, buy, call, cook, do,get, make, save等。

(三十一)(4) 动词believe, consider, declare, expect, know, report, say, suppose, think等的被动语态,常有两种结构形式。

如:(三十二)He was said to get hurt in the car accident. 人们说他在车祸中受伤了。

(三十三)It was said that he got hurt in the car accident. 人们说他在车祸中受伤了。

(三十四)(5) 短语动词变被动语态时,短语动词后面的介词或副词不能省略。

如:(三十五)She has never been operated on before. 她从未动过手术。

(三十六)The baby was looked after by her sister. 这婴儿由她的姐姐照顾。

(三十七)His plan was laughed at by everyone. 他的计划大家都嘲笑。

(三十八)(6)动词不定式的被动语态:即把to do 变成to be done(三十九)(五)不用被动语态的情况(四十)1) 不及物动词或动词短语无被动语态:(四十一)appear, die, disappear, end , fail, happen, last, lie, remain, sit, spread, stand ,break out, come true, fall asleep, keep silence, lose heart, take place.(四十二)After the fire, very little remained of my house.(四十三)比较: rise, fall, happen是不及物动词;raise, seat是及物动词。

(四十四)(错) The price has been risen.(四十五)(对) The price has risen.(四十六)(错) The accident was happened last week.(四十七)(对) The accident happened last week.(四十八)(错) The price has raised.(四十九)(对) The price has been raised.(五十)(错) Please seat.(五十一)(对) Please be seated.(五十二)要想正确地使用被动语态,就须注意哪些动词是及物的,哪些是不及物的。

特别是一词多义的动词往往有两种用法。

解决这一问题唯有在学习过程中多留意积累。

2) 不能用于被动语态的及物动词或动词短语:(五十三)fit, have, hold, marry, own, wish, cost, notice, watch agree with, arrive at / in, shake hands with, succeed in, suffer from, happen to, take part in, walk into, belong to(五十四)This key just fits the lock.(五十五)Your story agrees with what had already been heard.(五十六) 3) 系动词无被动语态: appear, be become, fall, feel, get, grow, keep, look, remain,seem, smell, sound, stay, taste, turn .(五十七) It sounds good.(五十八) 4) 带同源宾语的及物动词,反身代词,相互代词,不能用于被动语态: die, death, dream, live, life .She dreamed a bad dream last night. 5) 当宾语是不定式时,很少用于被动语态。

(对) She likes to swim. (错) To swim is liked by her.二、复习时需要注意的要点(1)由主动语态改为被动语态的步骤:①主动语态中的宾语变为被动语态句中的主语;②主动语态句中的动词改为相应的被动语态;③主动语态句中的主语变为被动语态句中by的宾语。

(2)主动语态句中的谓语动词带有双宾语,即直接宾语和间接宾语时,转换方法有两种:①把间接宾语转化为主语,保留直接宾语②把直接宾语转化为主语,保留间接宾语。

此时,一般需在间接宾语前加适当的介词。

(3)在短语see sb. do sth. 中,动词see后跟不带to的不定式作宾补。

改为被动语态时要加上to。

用于这一结构的谓语动词一般是表示知觉的动词如see, hear等,以及使役动词make, let 等。

各种时态的被动语态举例1.一般现在时(am/ is/ are +done)English is spoken by lots of people in the world. 世界上的许多人都说英语。

Class meeting is held every Thursday. 每周四都举行班会。

The classroom is cleaned by the students every day. 学生们每天都打扫教室。

2.一般过去时(was/ were +done)The cup was broken by the boy. 杯子被那个男孩打碎了。

He was saved at last. 他最终获救了。

My bike was stolen. 我的自行车被偷了。

3.一般将来时与过去将来时(will/ shall be +done; would/should be +done)A speech will be given this afternoon. 今天下午有一个演讲。

相关文档
最新文档