小升初英语专项：一般过去时

一般过去时

1．1）定义：表示过去某时发生的动作或存在的状态。

2）结构：“主语+动词的过去式”

用法：

①.表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。

He was here yesterday. I got up at seven yesterday morning.

My mother was at work yesterday afternoon. Did you have a good time last summer?

②.表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。

My mother often went to work by taxi last year.

When I was a student, I often listened to music.

③. 常与一般过去时态连用的时间有：

at that time, then, at that moment, yesterday, yesterday morning (afternoon, evening…) last night (week, month, year…), 一段时间+ago(several days ago), two days ago, a week ago, three years ago …in 1990, (in 1997…) , just now, before, ago

2. 动词过去式构成规则

1）.一般在动词原形末尾加–ed

help → helped, look → looked, play → played, work → worked, listen → listened

2). 结尾是e 的动词加-d

live---lived hope---hoped use---used like --- liked

3). 末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词,先双写这个辅音字母,再加—ed

stop---stopped ; plan---planned

4).结尾是―辅音字母+y‖的动词,先变―y‖为―i‖再加—ed

study---studied , carry ---carried , cry --- cried, worry → worried

3. 动词过去式的读音规则

规则动词加-ed的读音:基本规则是轻轻,浊浊,既在轻辅音后加ed读轻辅音/t/。在浊辅音及元音后加ed读浊辅音/d/ 。例：ask → asked /a:skt/, cook → cooked /kukt/, pass → passed /pa:st/,

例：move → moved /mu:vd/, live → lived / livd/, listen → listened /`lisnd/, stay → stayed /steid/

在/t/ /d/ 之后念/id/ , 即ed 在/t/ /d/ 音后面念/id/

例：start → started /sta:tid/, want → wanted /wantid/, need → needed /`ni:did/

4.不规则动词的过去式：

1).过去式与动词原形的拼写形式相同：let → let, put → put, read → read,(注意read的过去式读[red])

2). i → a: begin → began, drink → drank, give → gave, ring → rang, sing → sang, sit → sat, swim → swam

3). i → o: drive → drove, ride → rode, write → wrote

4). ow → ew: grow → grew, know → knew, throw → threw

5）. 含ough或augh的：bring → brought, buy → bought, think → thought；catch → caught, teach → taught

6）. am /is ---was are ---were do---did can---could come---came

5. 句型转化：

1)．be 动词的过去时的句型如下：

①否定句：主语+ be动词的过去式（was, were）+ not…

②疑问句：be动词的过去式（was, were）+ 主语…？

a. He was busy yesterday. (肯定句) 他昨天很忙。

b. He was not busy yesterday. (否定句) 他昨天不忙。

c. Was he busy yesterday? (疑问句) 他昨天忙吗？

d. There weren’t any boys in the room. 房间里没有男孩儿。

e. Were there any boys in the room? 房间里有男孩儿吗？

2）．行为动词的否定式和疑问式：

①若肯定句中只有一个行为动词,那就得在行为动词前加上did not或缩略式didn’t,并把这个行为动词由过去式改为动词原形。例如：

a. I called Lin Tao yesterday afternoon. →I did not /didn’t call Lin Tao yesterday afternoon.

b. I borrowed a book from Sun Y ang last Sunday. → I didn’t borrow a book from Sun Y ang last Sunday.

②行为动词的一般疑问句

若在陈述句中只有行为动词的过去式,那就得在句首加上一个助动词did来帮助提问,然后把句中的行为动词由过去式改为动词原形,并在句末打上问号。回答时别忘了还用did.例如：

a. We stayed there for 10 days last month. → Did you stay there for 10 days last month? Y es, we did. / No, we didn’t.

b. Mary had a delicious dinner yesterday evening. → Did Mary have a delicious dinner yesterday evening? Y es, she did. / No, she didn’t

◆课堂练习：

一．写出下列动词的过去式。

is/am_________ fly_______ visit________ are ________

clean_________ play_______ go________ listen ________

come_________ dance________ worry________ ask _____

read_________ eat__________ study________ put ______

see________ stop_________ jump_______ do ________

二．用所给动词的适当形式填空。

1. We ______ (live) in Japan last year.

2. Susan_______ (stop) the car on the street yesterday.

3. My mother_______ (clean) my room and ______(study) for the English test last Sunday.

4. What ______ you ______(do) last night?

5. On Saturday morning I _____(play) football.

6. The cat ________ (eat) a bird last night.

7. We _______ (have) a party last Halloween.

8. Nancy ________ (pick) up oranges on the farm last week.

9. I ________ (make) a model ship with Mike yesterday..

10. My mother _______ (cook) a nice food last Spring Festival.

三. 句型转换

1. It was exciting.

否定句：________________________________________________

一般疑问句：____________________________________________

肯、否定回答：__________________________________________

2. All the students were very excited.

否定句：________________________________________________

一般疑问句：____________________________________________

肯、否定回答：__________________________________________

3. They were in his pocket.

否定句：________________________________________________

一般疑问句：____________________________________________

肯、否定回答：__________________________________________

4 There was a car in front of the house just now.

否定句：________________________________________________

一般疑问句：____________________________________________

肯、否定回答：__________________________________________

5. Su Hai took some photos at the Sports day.