MAX232芯片介绍

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MAX232芯片可以完成TTL与EIA双向电平转换

MAX232芯片可以完成TTL与EIA双向电平转换

TTL/CMOS INPUTS 端.这个端口是的作用是输入TLL或CMOS信号的...一般为0-5V... 低电平为零,高电平为VCC.TTL/CMOS OUTPUTS端,这个端口的作用是输出TLL或CMOS信号...输出电压一般为0-5V...低电平为零..高电平为VCC.RS232 OUTPUTS 这端口是把TTL或CMOS的信号转为RS232的信号输出...输出为正负12V...到电脑....RS232 INPUTS 这个端口是接收到电脑发出的正负12伏...由232输出转为TTL或CMOS信号...这个信号也为正负12V...MAX232内部有二组232转换电路...使用的时候...一般是11------ 14 13----12为一组.10-----7 8----9为一组...51单片机要与PC机进行串口通信,通常使用MAX232芯片来作电平转换。

下面把MAX232与51单片机的接口电路贴出来供大家参考。

(此电路图已经过实际验证)MAX232芯片可以完成TTL与EIA双向电平转换,MAX232提供两路串口电平转换,现在只用一路串口,所以另一路悬空不使用,MAX232与51单片机接口电路如下图所示。

(单击图片可放大)图中DB9为串口的插头(母接头),插座共有9个引线.MAX232的12脚接单片机的P3.0(RXD)MAX232的12脚接单片机的P3.1(TXD)MAX232还带有4个电容,都是容量都是104,为了减少电路板体积,可以用无极电容代替极性电容。

VCC 是5V DC提示:串口插座有公母两种类型其中公的串口插座是带有插针的(有针)母的串口插座是不带有插针的(有洞)如下图所示由以上分析可知,DB9为母接头,而电脑PC的串口接头一般是分接头。

所以此电路与PC相连时,所用的串口线应该是一公一母的串口线。

TTL电平信号被利用的最多是因为通常数据表示采用二进制规定,+5V等价于逻辑"1",0V等价于逻辑"0",这被称做TTL(晶体管-晶体管逻辑电平)信号系统,这是计算机处理器控制的设备内部各部分之间通信的标准技术。

max232引脚图及RS232引脚定义

max232引脚图及RS232引脚定义

max232引脚图及RS232引脚定义2009-08-23 15:25max232是一种把电脑的串行口rs232信号电平(-10 ,+10v)转换为单片机所用到的TTL信号点平(0 ,+5)的芯片,这个芯片的价格比较贵大约要6元,下面我来介绍一下max232引脚图以及max232和电脑串口的连接电路,RS232引脚定义。

看下面的图。

《max232引脚图》《max232电路》《RS232引脚定义》引脚定义符号1 载波检测DCD2 接收数据RXD3 发送数据TXD4 数据终端准备好DTR5 信号地SG6 数据准备好DSR7 请求发送RTS8 清除发送CTS9 振铃提示RI希望上面的资料对你有用。

交流接触器原理2009-09-20 17:41交流接触器广泛用作电力的开断和控制电路。

交流接触器利用主接点来开闭电路,用辅助接点来执行控制指令。

主接点一般只有常开接点,而辅助接点常有两对具有常开和常闭功能的接点,小型的接触器也经常作为中间继电器配合主电路使用。

交流接触器的接点,由银钨合金制成,具有良好的导电性和耐高温烧蚀性。

交流接触器的动作动力来源于交流电磁铁,电磁铁由两个“山”字形的幼硅钢片叠成,其中一个固定,在上面套上线圈,工作电压有多种供选择。

为了使磁力稳定,铁芯的吸合面,加上短路环。

交流接触器在失电后,依靠弹簧复位。

另一半是活动铁芯,构造和固定铁芯一样,用以带动主接点和辅助接点的开短。

20安培以上的接触器加有灭弧罩,利用断开电路时产生的电磁力,快速拉断电弧,以保护接点。

交流接触器制作为一个整体,外形和性能也在不断提高,但是功能始终不变。

无论技术的发展到什么程度,普通的交流接触器还是有其重要的地位。

交流接触器工作原理是什么?交流接触器广泛用作电力的开断和控制电路。

交流接触器利用主接点来开闭电路,用辅助接点来执行控制指令。

主接点一般只有常开接点,而辅助接点常有两对具有常开和常闭功能的接点,小型的接触器也经常作为中间继电器配合主电路使用。

MAX232作用

MAX232作用

单片机中的UART和电脑串口RS232的区别仅在于电平的不同,电脑串口采用232电平,而单片机UART则采用TT通信,RS232是UART的一种就意味着通信协议的格式是一样的,只要电平统一了,两者之间就可以直接通信,于是乎应用了MAX232这一芯片,MAX232对两者之间通信的数据没有任何作用,仅仅是中介而已,而其只是负责将两者之间的电平进行统一,使两者之间没有通信障碍。
max232 是 用来 做 电平转换的,标准 rs232 电平 很高,达 正负 15V.常用的 TTL 电平 最高 5V。相互连接的话,必须 进行 电平转换!由于电脑串口输出电压高达12V,直接与单片机连接会烧坏芯片。所以用MAX232来进行电平转换。MAX232芯片采用单+5V电源供电,仅需几个外接电容即可完成从TTL到RS232电平的转换,共两路。其中13脚(R1IN)、12脚(R1OUT)、11脚(T1IN)、14脚(T1OUT)为第一数据通道。8脚(R2IN)、9脚(R2OUT)、10脚(T2IN)、7脚(T2OUT)为第二数据通道。TTL/CMOS数据从T1IN、T2IN输入转换成RS-232数据从T1OUT、T2OUT送到电脑DP9插头;DP9插头的RS-232数据从R1IN、R2IN输入转换成TTL/CMOS数据后从R1OUT、R2OUT输出。

max202和max232

max202和max232

MAX232芯片的作用是将单片机输出的TTL电平转换成PC机能接收的232电平或将PC机输出的232电平转换成单片机能接收的TTL电平。

Max232与max202的区别:升压电容的取值。

手册上202电容用0.1uF 232电容用1uF问:我用开关电源,MAX232老烧串口,有的时候把计算机都烧了,但是用模拟电源就没有这样的情况,为什么会这样,接法肯定没有问题的答:开关电源干扰较大,做好良好接地,滤波电路加上。

据网上的一些资料,MAX232芯片的第7,8脚接PC串口的2,3脚;而9,10脚接C51的10,11脚MAX232是TTL--RS232电平转换的典型芯片,若接线正确,但输出过低就应是芯片不良。

按照芯片的推荐电路,取振荡电容为uF的时候,若输入为5V,输出可以达到-14V左右,输入为0V ,输出可以达到14V,在扇出电流为20mA的时候,输出电压可以稳定在12V和-12V。

补充;11脚输入TTL电平(5V)14脚输出CMOS电平(12V)联结11与14脚的反相器,实质上就是一个电平转换器,用它来完成TTL电平到CMOS电平的转换,因此当11脚为低电平时14脚就为高电平(12V),因你用的芯片只能输出7.5V,故判定该芯片有问题。

并行口与串行口的区别是交换信息的方式不同,并行口能同时通过8条数据线传输信息,一次传输一个字节;而串行口只能用1条线传输一位数据,每次传输一个字节的一位。

并行口由于同时传输更多的信息,速度明显高于串行口,但串行口可以用于比并行口更远距离的数据传输。

电脑的串口定义:9针串行口的针脚功能针脚功能针脚功能1 载波检测(DCD) 6 数据准备好(DSR)2 接受数据(RXD) 7 请求发送(RTS)3 发出数据(TXD) 8 清除发送(CTS)4 数据终端准备好(DTR) 9 振铃指示(RI)5 信号地线(SG)信号流向:DB9的2脚是接收脚,信号内流,3脚则相反,信号流出。

max232资料

max232资料
产品简介
MAX232CPE是MAX232的子型号!MAX232CPE是专为RS-232和V.28通信接口设计的收发器,尤其是±12V供压无法实现的情况。
型号标识/参数
MAX232CPE的型号标识和参数如下表所示:
MAX232CPE型号标识
MAX
MAXIM品牌标识
232
基本型号
C
温度等级,商业级(1)
P
封装类型,PDIP(2)
E
引脚数,16PIN
MAX232CPE参数特性
Vcc (V)
5
传输速率(kbps)
120
外部电容大小(uF)
1
温度等级
0℃至70℃
(1)C=商业级(0℃至70℃),E=工业级(-40℃至80℃)
M=军工级(-55℃至125℃)
(2)P=PDIP16,S=SOIC16窄体,W=SOIC16宽体,U=TSSOP16
价格表标定的价格为零售价,如需批量采购,欢迎来电咨询洽谈!
MAX232CPE的文字介绍及图片仅供参考,所有信息均以官方最新PDF及实物为准!
J=CERDIP16,L=LCC20
封装信息
MAX232CPE的封装为:
类型:PDIP
引脚:16
标准:JEDEC MS-001 AA
体宽:300 mil
引脚间距:100 mil / 2.规格为:
·类型:Tube(管装)
每管:25pcs
每标准包:40管,共1,000pcs

MAX232详细中文总结

MAX232详细中文总结

MAX232详细资料总结max232 是用来做电平转换的,标准rs232 电平很高,达正负15V.常用的TTL 电平最高5V。

相互连接的话,必须进行电平转换!由于电脑串口输出电压高达12V,直接与单片机连接会烧坏芯片。

所以用MAX232来进行电平转换。

MAX232芯片采用单+5V电源供电,仅需几个外接电容即可完成从TTL到RS232电平的转换,共两路。

其中13脚(R1IN)、12脚(R1OUT)、11脚(T1IN)、14脚(T1OUT)为第一数据通道。

8脚(R2IN)、9脚(R2OUT)、10脚(T2IN)、7脚(T2OUT)为第二数据通道。

TTL/CMOS数据从T1IN、T2IN输入转换成RS-232数据从T1OUT、T2OUT送到电脑DP9插头;DP9插头的RS-232数据从R1IN、R2IN输入转换成TTL/CMOS数据后从R1OUT、R2OUT输出。

MAX232通信电路图单片机中的UART和电脑串口RS232的区别仅在于电平的不同,电脑串口采用232电平,而单片机UART则采用TTL电平,如果不进行电平转换,单片机跟电脑串口就不能进行直接通信,RS232是UART的一种就意味着通信协议的格式是一样的,只要电平统一了,两者之间就可以直接通信,于是乎应用了MAX232这一芯片,MAX232对两者之间通信的数据没有任何作用,仅仅是中介而已,而其只是负责将两者之间的电平进行统一,使两者之间没有通信障碍。

1 TXD 输出数据输出到串口2 DTR_N 输出数据终端准备好,低电平有效3 RST_N 输出发送请求,低电平有效4 VDD_325 电源RS232电源3.3V5 RXD 输入串口数据输入6 RI_N 输入/输出串行端口(环指示器)7 GND 电源接地8 VDD 输入/输出电源9 DSR_N 输入/输出串行端口(数据集就绪)10 DCD_N 输入/输出串行端口(数据载波检测)11 CTS_N 输入/输出串行端口(清除发送)12 SHTD_N 输出控制RS232收发器关机13 EE_CLK 输入/输出串行EEPROM时钟14 EE_DATA 输入/输出串行EEPROM数据15 DP 输入/输出USB端口D+信号16 DM 输入/输出USB端口D-信号17 VO_33常规3.3V电源输出18 GND接地19 RESET复位引脚20 VDD_5 电源USB端口的5V电压电源21 GND接地22 GP0 输入/输出通用I/O引脚023 GP1 输入/输出通用I/O引脚124 VDD_PLL模拟正5v锁相环25 GND_PLL模拟地锁相环26 PLL_TEST 输入PLL锁相环测试模式控制27 OSC1 输入晶体振荡器输入28 OSC2 输入/输出晶体振荡器输出PL2303 是Prolific 公司生产的一种高度集成的RS232-USB 接口转换器,可提供一个RS232 全双工异步串行通信装置与USB 功能接口便利联接的解决方案。

max232是什么芯片

max232是什么芯片

max232是什么芯片MAX232是一种串口转换芯片,用于将TTL(逻辑电平)信号转换成RS232(标准电平)信号。

它广泛应用于计算机硬件通讯领域,如串口通信、电话线调制解调、计算机接口等。

MAX232芯片由Maxim公司设计和生产,是一款双路驱动、双路接收的RS232接口芯片。

它的主要功能是将计算机与其他外设之间的信息转换,以便于计算机与其他设备进行串口通信。

MAX232芯片的主要特点有以下几个方面:1. 低成本:MAX232芯片采用集成电路设计,可以用较低的成本生产出大量的芯片。

2. 双路驱动:MAX232芯片具备双路驱动功能,可以同时驱动两个接收器和两个发射器,适用于双向通信。

3. 兼容性强:MAX232芯片能够将计算机的TTL电平信号转换成RS232标准电平信号,并且在芯片内部进行了自动电平转换,使得计算机与其他设备的通信更加稳定。

4. 外围元件简单:MAX232芯片只需要一些简单的电容器和电阻器作为外围元件,不需要额外的电源供给,减少了系统设计的复杂性。

5. 低功耗:MAX232芯片的功耗较低,适合于在嵌入式系统中使用。

MAX232芯片的工作原理比较简单。

它通过四个电容器和四个电阻器组成一个电压倍增电路,从而将TTL电平(通常为0V和5V)转换为RS232电平(通常为-12V和12V)。

同时,它还能够将RS232电平转换为TTL电平,实现数据的双向传输。

在计算机与外部设备通信时,MAX232芯片的引脚连接如下:1. 引脚2(T1IN)和引脚3(T1OUT)分别连接到计算机的发送线和接收线,用于传输TTL电平信号。

2. 引脚14(R1OUT)和引脚13(R1IN)分别连接到计算机的接收线和发送线,用于接收RS232电平信号。

3. 引脚6(VCC)和引脚11(GND)连接到系统的电源供给线和地线。

4. 引脚7(C1+)和引脚8(C1-)以及引脚5(C2+)和引脚4(C2-)分别连接到对应的电容器和电阻器。

PL-2303HX替换MAX232

PL-2303HX替换MAX232

PL-2303HX芯片替换MAX232芯片指引MAX232是一款兼容RS232标准的电平转换芯片,能在电脑的RS232信号(-10,+10v)和单片机的TTL信号(0,+5)这两种电平之间进行转换。

应用该芯片必需和电脑的九芯串行口配套使用,除非使用专用的USB-RS232转接线。

笔记本电脑和一些台式机都没有配置这个九芯串行口,这就让该芯片的应用受到限制。

并且MAX232芯片价格在供电电流很小、功耗很低的应用场合,可以考虑选择PL-2303HX芯片来替换MAX232芯片。

PL-2303HX是PROLIFIC推出的USB-类RS232接口转换芯片。

原MAX232的应用设备,用PL-2303HX芯片替换MAX232芯片后,原通信软件不须作任何修改或者稍加修改,即可升级为具有USB功能的通信设备。

有网页撰文指出:USB是为解决日益增加的PC外设与有限的主板插槽和端口间的矛盾制定的一种串行通信标准。

它传输速度快,数据传输可靠,设备安装和配置容易,支持热插拔,易于扩展,能够采用总线供电,USB总线提供最大达5V电压,500mA电流,可为小型设备供电。

具体可参考USB相关技术标准等。

使用PL-2303HX的好处是可以直接使用USB的5V电源而不用单独给应用电路供电,当然这种应用也是受到一定的限制,就是应用电路所需电流很小、功耗很低。

对于需要电流较大、功耗也较大的场合,这里暂不讨论,请参考其它资料进行设计。

应用电路额外供电,需要注意的地方是强弱电需隔离等等。

原MAX232的应用设备,转换芯片前端的电路可不作任何改动,从转换芯片开始直到电脑接口的部分电路原理图如图1、PCB如图2所示:图1 原理图图2 PCB图注1:以上PCB中PL-2303HX芯片处于底层,其余顶层。

注2:滤波电感L1可根据应用场合选用,通常干扰不太大可省略。

注3:可以设计一个LED灯来指示已接上USB。

电路做成样板后先双击文件夹“PL-2303HX新版驱动”下的“卸载旧驱动rm2303.exe”来完全卸载旧驱动,然后双击“PL-2303 Driver Installer.exe”来安装PL-2303HX驱动,重启系统。

pl2303和max232和max3232有甚么区别功能作用

pl2303和max232和max3232有甚么区别功能作用

参考网上资料,汇聚了一下Pl2303、max232和max3232有甚么区别max232,供电电压5v,耗电5mA,外接4个1uF电容常用的电平转换芯片,一般用于串口通信。

由于电脑串口输出电压高达12V,标准rs232电平很高,达正负15V直接与单片机连接会烧坏芯片。

所以用MAX232来进行电平转换。

MAX232芯片采用单+5V电源供电,仅需几个外接电容即可完成从RS232到TTL电平的转换,共两路。

典型电路如图所示。

只需要连单片机的RXD(3.0)和TXD(3.1)管脚即可。

max3232供电电压5v或3.3V,耗电0.3mA,外接4个0.1uF电容其他特性都一样,价格略有差别Max232电容参数如图Max3232电容参数如图max232周围电容的作用max232周围电容有三个方面的作用:一、是作为本集成电路的蓄能电容;二、是滤除该器件产生的高频噪声,切断其通过供电回路进行传播的通路;三、是防止电源携带的噪声对电路构成干扰。

九针串口Pl2303PL2303 是Prolific 公司生产的一种高度集成的RS232-USB接口转换器,可提供一个RS232全双工异步串行通信装置与USB 功能接口便利连接的解决方案。

该器件内置USB功能控制器、USB 收发器、振荡器和带有全部调制解调器控制信号的UART,只需外接几只电容就可实现USB 信号与RS232 信号的转换,能够方便嵌入到各种设备;该器件作为USB/RS232 双向转换器,一方面从主机接收USB 数据并将其转换为RS232 信息流格式发送给外设;另一方面从RS232 外设接收数据转换为USB 数据格式传送回主机。

这些工作全部由器件自动完成,开发者无需考虑固件设计.PL2303 的高兼容驱动可在大多操作系统上模拟成传统COM 端口,并允许基于COM 端口应用可方便地转换成USB接口应用,通讯波特率高达6 Mb/s。

在工作模式和休眠模式时都具有功耗低,是嵌入式系统手持设备的理想选择。

max232芯片

max232芯片

max232芯片MAX232是一款常见的RS-232级别转换芯片,用于将RS-232级别的信号转换为TTL/CMOS级别的信号,从而实现RS-232串口与微控制器或其他逻辑电路的连接。

MAX232芯片由美国公司Maxim IntegratedProducts研发生产,广泛应用于电子设备中的串口通信。

MAX232芯片有多个型号,如MAX232、MAX232E等,不同型号之间参数可能存在差异,但基本原理和功能大致相同。

MAX232芯片包括两个发送器和两个接收器,可为两条RS-232串口提供TTL/CMOS级别的信号转换。

MAX232芯片的两个发送器使用外部电容来实现电压倍增功能,RS-232的电压范围是15V到-15V,而TTL/CMOS电平一般为5V到0V。

发送器将TTL/CMOS的逻辑电平转换为RS-232的正负电平,通过电容产生高于5V的电压,从而实现电平转换。

MAX232芯片的两个接收器使用电阻分压电路将RS-232的电压范围转换为TTL/CMOS电平范围。

接收器通过电阻分压将RS-232的正负电平转换为0V到5V的TTL/CMOS电平,从而实现电平转换。

MAX232芯片还包括一个内部的电压稳压器,用于实现5V的稳定电源供电。

在使用MAX232芯片时,只需提供外部一个较高的电压,如V+可以为5V到15V,然后芯片内部的电压稳压器会将该电压稳定为5V用于芯片内部的电路工作。

MAX232芯片常用于将RS-232接口的电平转换为TTL/CMOS 电平,以实现串口通信。

比如,它可以将计算机的RS-232串口信号转换为TTL/CMOS电平,通过与单片机连接,实现计算机与单片机的通信。

同时,它还可以用于其他类型电子设备的串口扩展和通信。

MAX232芯片结构简单、应用广泛,并且有较低的成本,因此在许多电子设备中被广泛使用。

它提供了一种简单可靠的RS-232与TTL/CMOS电平之间的转换方法,方便了串口设备之间的连接与通信。

max202和max232

max202和max232

MAX232芯片的作用是将单片机输出的TTL电平转换成PC机能接收的232电平或将PC机输出的232电平转换成单片机能接收的TTL电平。

Max232与max202的区别:升压电容的取值。

手册上202电容用0.1uF 232电容用1uF问:我用开关电源,MAX232老烧串口,有的时候把计算机都烧了,但是用模拟电源就没有这样的情况,为什么会这样,接法肯定没有问题的答:开关电源干扰较大,做好良好接地,滤波电路加上。

据网上的一些资料,MAX232芯片的第7,8脚接PC串口的2,3脚;而9,10脚接C51的10,11脚MAX232是TTL--RS232电平转换的典型芯片,若接线正确,但输出过低就应是芯片不良。

按照芯片的推荐电路,取振荡电容为uF的时候,若输入为5V,输出可以达到-14V左右,输入为0V ,输出可以达到14V,在扇出电流为20mA的时候,输出电压可以稳定在12V和-12V。

补充;11脚输入TTL电平(5V)14脚输出CMOS电平(12V)联结11与14脚的反相器,实质上就是一个电平转换器,用它来完成TTL电平到CMOS电平的转换,因此当11脚为低电平时14脚就为高电平(12V),因你用的芯片只能输出7.5V,故判定该芯片有问题。

并行口与串行口的区别是交换信息的方式不同,并行口能同时通过8条数据线传输信息,一次传输一个字节;而串行口只能用1条线传输一位数据,每次传输一个字节的一位。

并行口由于同时传输更多的信息,速度明显高于串行口,但串行口可以用于比并行口更远距离的数据传输。

电脑的串口定义:9针串行口的针脚功能针脚功能针脚功能1 载波检测(DCD) 6 数据准备好(DSR)2 接受数据(RXD) 7 请求发送(RTS)3 发出数据(TXD) 8 清除发送(CTS)4 数据终端准备好(DTR) 9 振铃指示(RI)5 信号地线(SG)信号流向:DB9的2脚是接收脚,信号内流,3脚则相反,信号流出。

MAX232与MAX232CPE的区别

MAX232与MAX232CPE的区别

max232和MAX232cpE 区别MAX232 DIP16封装现主要有这些型号:MAX232CPE、MAX232EPE。

下面对MAX232的型号标识进行解析:①、MAX232后缀第一个字母,表示应用级搜索别。

带“C”:商业级;带“E”:工业级。

例:MAX232CPE:商业级;②、MAX232后缀第二个字母,表示封装。

“P”:PDIP封装;“S”:SOP 封装。

例:MAX232CPE:DIP封装;③、MAX232后缀第三个字母,表示引脚数。

“E”:16PIN。

例:MAX232CPE:16PIN。

MAX232Cpe(摘自百度百科)1主要参数编辑MAX232Cpe,采用双列直插封装方式。

驱动芯片类型:线路驱动器/接收器接口:RS232, V.28 / V.24驱动器数:2电源电压范围:4.5V to 5.5V封装类型:双列直插针脚数:16工作温度范围:0°C to +70°C封装类型:DIP工作温度最低:0°C工作温度最高:70°C器件标号:232器件标记:MAX232Cpe+接口类型:RS-232温度范围:商用电源电压最大:5.5V电源电压最小:4.5V芯片标号:232表面安装器件:通孔安装逻辑功能号:232接收器数:2收发器数:2数据率:120Kbps电源电流:5mA线/总线驱动器/接收器/收发器类型:CMOS 双RS232 发送器及接收器通道数:2MAX232CPE 和Maxim Integrated 信息:[1]Manufactured by Maxim Integrated, MAX232CPE is a 总线收发器.2基本应用编辑MAX232CPE是16针SMD封装IC,用于完成计算机232端口数据电平转换,连接CMOS电路的,换言之,如果离开它,我们就无法用软件监控电源状态了(需要串口返回信号)。

而PIC16F870则为24脚8位CMOS闪存控制器。

MAX232和PL2303

MAX232和PL2303
将其它信号转成TTL电平,只有这样给单片机下载程序才有可能成功!其中
CH340、PL2303等芯片是直接将USB信号转换为TTL电平或者TTL电平转
换为USB信号,而MAX232等芯片是将TTL转换为RS232信号或者将
RS232信号转换为TTL.
MAX232:外围电路简单,但是占用pcb面积大,不美观
MAX232和PL2303
什幺是max232
MAX232芯片是美信(MAXIM)公司专为RS-232标准串口设计的
单电源电平转换芯片,使用+5v单电源供电。
器件特别适合电池供电系统,这是由于其低功耗关断模式可以将功耗
减小到5uW以内。MAX225、MAX233、MAX235以及
MAX245/MAX246/MAX247不需要外部元件,推荐用于印刷电路板面积有限
PL2303:水货多不稳定,外围电路复杂,成本低
CH340:稳定,外围电路简单,成本相对高
计算机和MCU通信的方法:
1.只有串口接口的台式机(很老)
交叉串口线》MAX232芯片》MCU(单片机)
2.既有串口接口又有USB接口的电脑(台式机)
(1)电脑串口接口》交叉串口线》MAX232芯片》MCU(单片
机)
(2)电脑USB接口》USB转串口线》MAX232芯片》MCU(单
片机)
(3)电脑USB接口》USB2.0数据线》PL2303或CH340》MCU
(单片机)
3.只有USB接口的电脑(笔记本)
(1)电脑USB接口》USB转串口线》MAX232芯片》MCU(单
片机)
(2)电脑USB接口》USB2.0数据线》PL2303或CH340》MCU
(单片机)
计算机和MCU通信的原理:

max232

max232

General DescriptionThe MAX220–MAX249 family of line drivers/receivers is intended for all EIA/TIA-232E and V.28/V.24 communica-tions interfaces, particularly applications where ±12V is not available.These parts are especially useful in battery-powered sys-tems, since their low-power shutdown mode reduces power dissipation to less than 5µW. The MAX225,MAX233, MAX235, and MAX245/MAX246/MAX247 use no external components and are recommended for appli-cations where printed circuit board space is critical.________________________ApplicationsPortable Computers Low-Power Modems Interface TranslationBattery-Powered RS-232 Systems Multidrop RS-232 Networks____________________________Features Superior to Bipolaro Operate from Single +5V Power Supply (+5V and +12V—MAX231/MAX239)o Low-Power Receive Mode in Shutdown (MAX223/MAX242)o Meet All EIA/TIA-232E and V.28 Specifications o Multiple Drivers and Receiverso 3-State Driver and Receiver Outputs o Open-Line Detection (MAX243)Ordering InformationOrdering Information continued at end of data sheet.*Contact factory for dice specifications.MAX220–MAX249+5V-Powered, Multichannel RS-232Drivers/Receivers________________________________________________________________Maxim Integrated Products 1Selection Table19-4323; Rev 9; 4/00Power No. of NominalSHDN RxPart Supply RS-232No. of Cap. Value & Three-Active in Data Rate Number (V)Drivers/Rx Ext. Caps (µF)State SHDN (kbps)FeaturesMAX220+52/24 4.7/10No —120Ultra-low-power, industry-standard pinout MAX222+52/2 4 0.1Yes —200Low-power shutdownMAX223 (MAX213)+54/54 1.0 (0.1)Yes ✔120MAX241 and receivers active in shutdown MAX225+55/50—Yes ✔120Available in SOMAX230 (MAX200)+55/04 1.0 (0.1)Yes —120 5 drivers with shutdownMAX231 (MAX201)+5 and2/2 2 1.0 (0.1)No —120Standard +5/+12V or battery supplies; +7.5 to +13.2same functions as MAX232MAX232 (MAX202)+52/24 1.0 (0.1)No —120 (64)Industry standardMAX232A+52/240.1No —200Higher slew rate, small caps MAX233 (MAX203)+52/20— No —120No external capsMAX233A+52/20—No —200No external caps, high slew rate MAX234 (MAX204)+54/04 1.0 (0.1)No —120Replaces 1488MAX235 (MAX205)+55/50—Yes —120No external capsMAX236 (MAX206)+54/34 1.0 (0.1)Yes —120Shutdown, three stateMAX237 (MAX207)+55/34 1.0 (0.1)No —120Complements IBM PC serial port MAX238 (MAX208)+54/44 1.0 (0.1)No —120Replaces 1488 and 1489MAX239 (MAX209)+5 and3/52 1.0 (0.1)No —120Standard +5/+12V or battery supplies;+7.5 to +13.2single-package solution for IBM PC serial port MAX240+55/54 1.0Yes —120DIP or flatpack package MAX241 (MAX211)+54/54 1.0 (0.1)Yes —120Complete IBM PC serial port MAX242+52/240.1Yes ✔200Separate shutdown and enableMAX243+52/240.1No —200Open-line detection simplifies cabling MAX244+58/104 1.0No —120High slew rateMAX245+58/100—Yes ✔120High slew rate, int. caps, two shutdown modes MAX246+58/100—Yes ✔120High slew rate, int. caps, three shutdown modes MAX247+58/90—Yes ✔120High slew rate, int. caps, nine operating modes MAX248+58/84 1.0Yes ✔120High slew rate, selective half-chip enables MAX249+56/1041.0Yes✔120Available in quad flatpack packageFor free samples & the latest literature: , or phone 1-800-998-8800.For small orders, phone 1-800-835-8769.M A X 220–M A X 249+5V-Powered, Multichannel RS-232Drivers/ReceiversABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS—MAX220/222/232A/233A/242/243ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS—MAX220/222/232A/233A/242/243(V CC = +5V ±10%, C1–C4 = 0.1µF‚ MAX220, C1 = 0.047µF, C2–C4 = 0.33µF, T A = T MIN to T MAX ‚ unless otherwise noted.)Note 1:Input voltage measured with T OUT in high-impedance state, SHDN or V CC = 0V.Note 2:For the MAX220, V+ and V- can have a maximum magnitude of 7V, but their absolute difference cannot exceed 13V.Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.Supply Voltage (V CC )...............................................-0.3V to +6V Input VoltagesT IN ..............................................................-0.3V to (V CC - 0.3V)R IN (Except MAX220)........................................................±30V R IN (MAX220).....................................................................±25V T OUT (Except MAX220) (Note 1).......................................±15V T OUT (MAX220)...............................................................±13.2V Output VoltagesT OUT ...................................................................................±15V R OUT .........................................................-0.3V to (V CC + 0.3V)Driver/Receiver Output Short Circuited to GND.........Continuous Continuous Power Dissipation (T A = +70°C)16-Pin Plastic DIP (derate 10.53mW/°C above +70°C)....842mW 18-Pin Plastic DIP (derate 11.11mW/°C above +70°C)....889mW20-Pin Plastic DIP (derate 8.00mW/°C above +70°C)..440mW 16-Pin Narrow SO (derate 8.70mW/°C above +70°C)...696mW 16-Pin Wide SO (derate 9.52mW/°C above +70°C)......762mW 18-Pin Wide SO (derate 9.52mW/°C above +70°C)......762mW 20-Pin Wide SO (derate 10.00mW/°C above +70°C)....800mW 20-Pin SSOP (derate 8.00mW/°C above +70°C)..........640mW 16-Pin CERDIP (derate 10.00mW/°C above +70°C).....800mW 18-Pin CERDIP (derate 10.53mW/°C above +70°C).....842mW Operating Temperature RangesMAX2_ _AC_ _, MAX2_ _C_ _.............................0°C to +70°C MAX2_ _AE_ _, MAX2_ _E_ _..........................-40°C to +85°C MAX2_ _AM_ _, MAX2_ _M_ _.......................-55°C to +125°C Storage Temperature Range.............................-65°C to +160°C Lead Temperature (soldering, 10sec).............................+300°CMAX220–MAX249+5V-Powered, Multichannel RS-232Drivers/Receivers_______________________________________________________________________________________3Note 3:MAX243 R2OUT is guaranteed to be low when R2IN is ≥0V or is floating.ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS—MAX220/222/232A/233A/242/243 (continued)(V= +5V ±10%, C1–C4 = 0.1µF‚ MAX220, C1 = 0.047µF, C2–C4 = 0.33µF, T = T to T ‚ unless otherwise noted.)M A X 220–M A X 249+5V-Powered, Multichannel RS-232Drivers/Receivers 4_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Typical Operating CharacteristicsMAX220/MAX222/MAX232A/MAX233A/MAX242/MAX243108-1051525OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs. LOAD CURRENT-4-6-8-2642LOAD CURRENT (mA)O U T P U T V O L T A G E (V )1002011104104060AVAILABLE OUTPUT CURRENTvs. DATA RATE65798DATA RATE (kbits/sec)O U T P U T C U R R E N T (m A )203050+10V-10VMAX222/MAX242ON-TIME EXITING SHUTDOWN+5V +5V 0V0V 500µs/div V +, V - V O L T A G E (V )MAX220–MAX249+5V-Powered, Multichannel RS-232Drivers/Receivers_______________________________________________________________________________________5V CC ...........................................................................-0.3V to +6V V+................................................................(V CC - 0.3V) to +14V V-............................................................................+0.3V to -14V Input VoltagesT IN ............................................................-0.3V to (V CC + 0.3V)R IN ......................................................................................±30V Output VoltagesT OUT ...................................................(V+ + 0.3V) to (V- - 0.3V)R OUT .........................................................-0.3V to (V CC + 0.3V)Short-Circuit Duration, T OUT ......................................Continuous Continuous Power Dissipation (T A = +70°C)14-Pin Plastic DIP (derate 10.00mW/°C above +70°C)....800mW 16-Pin Plastic DIP (derate 10.53mW/°C above +70°C)....842mW 20-Pin Plastic DIP (derate 11.11mW/°C above +70°C)....889mW 24-Pin Narrow Plastic DIP(derate 13.33mW/°C above +70°C)..........1.07W24-Pin Plastic DIP (derate 9.09mW/°C above +70°C)......500mW 16-Pin Wide SO (derate 9.52mW/°C above +70°C).........762mW20-Pin Wide SO (derate 10 00mW/°C above +70°C).......800mW 24-Pin Wide SO (derate 11.76mW/°C above +70°C).......941mW 28-Pin Wide SO (derate 12.50mW/°C above +70°C) .............1W 44-Pin Plastic FP (derate 11.11mW/°C above +70°C).....889mW 14-Pin CERDIP (derate 9.09mW/°C above +70°C)..........727mW 16-Pin CERDIP (derate 10.00mW/°C above +70°C)........800mW 20-Pin CERDIP (derate 11.11mW/°C above +70°C)........889mW 24-Pin Narrow CERDIP(derate 12.50mW/°C above +70°C)..............1W24-Pin Sidebraze (derate 20.0mW/°C above +70°C)..........1.6W 28-Pin SSOP (derate 9.52mW/°C above +70°C).............762mW Operating Temperature RangesMAX2 _ _ C _ _......................................................0°C to +70°C MAX2 _ _ E _ _...................................................-40°C to +85°C MAX2 _ _ M _ _ ...............................................-55°C to +125°C Storage Temperature Range.............................-65°C to +160°C Lead Temperature (soldering, 10sec).............................+300°CABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS—MAX223/MAX230–MAX241ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS—MAX223/MAX230–MAX241(MAX223/230/232/234/236/237/238/240/241, V CC = +5V ±10; MAX233/MAX235, V CC = 5V ±5%‚ C1–C4 = 1.0µF; MAX231/MAX239,V CC = 5V ±10%; V+ = 7.5V to 13.2V; T A = T MIN to T MAX ; unless otherwise noted.)Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.M A X 220–M A X 249+5V-Powered, Multichannel RS-232Drivers/Receivers 6_______________________________________________________________________________________ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS—MAX223/MAX230–MAX241 (continued)(MAX223/230/232/234/236/237/238/240/241, V CC = +5V ±10; MAX233/MAX235, V CC = 5V ±5%‚ C1–C4 = 1.0µF; MAX231/MAX239,V CC = 5V ±10%; V+ = 7.5V to 13.2V; T A = T MIN to T MAX ; unless otherwise noted.)MAX220–MAX249+5V-Powered, Multichannel RS-232Drivers/Receivers_______________________________________________________________________________________78.56.54.55.5TRANSMITTER OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V OH ) vs. V CC7.08.0V CC (V)V O H (V )5.07.57.46.02500TRANSMITTER OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V OH )vs. LOAD CAPACITANCE AT DIFFERENT DATA RATES6.46.27.27.0LOAD CAPACITANCE (pF)V O H (V )1500100050020006.86.612.04.02500TRANSMITTER SLEW RATE vs. LOAD CAPACITANCE6.05.011.09.010.0LOAD CAPACITANCE (pF)S L E W R A T E (V /µs )1500100050020008.07.0-6.0-9.04.55.5TRANSMITTER OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V OL ) vs. V CC-8.0-8.5-6.5-7.0V CC (V)V O L (V )5.0-7.5-6.0-7.62500TRANSMITTER OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V OL )vs. LOAD CAPACITANCE AT DIFFERENT DATA RATES-7.0-7.2-7.4-6.2-6.4LOAD CAPACITANCE (pF)V O L (V )150010005002000-6.6-6.810-105101520253035404550TRANSMITTER OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V+, V-)vs. LOAD CURRENT-2-6-4-886CURRENT (mA)V +, V - (V )420__________________________________________Typical Operating CharacteristicsMAX223/MAX230–MAX241*SHUTDOWN POLARITY IS REVERSED FOR NON MAX241 PARTSV+, V- WHEN EXITING SHUTDOWN(1µF CAPACITORS)MAX220-13SHDN*V-O V+500ms/divM A X 220–M A X 249+5V-Powered, Multichannel RS-232Drivers/Receivers 8_______________________________________________________________________________________ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS—MAX225/MAX244–MAX249ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS—MAX225/MAX244–MAX249(MAX225, V CC = 5.0V ±5%; MAX244–MAX249, V CC = +5.0V ±10%, external capacitors C1–C4 = 1µF; T A = T MIN to T MAX ; unless oth-erwise noted.)Note 4:Input voltage measured with transmitter output in a high-impedance state, shutdown, or V CC = 0V.Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.Supply Voltage (V CC )...............................................-0.3V to +6V Input VoltagesT IN ‚ ENA , ENB , ENR , ENT , ENRA ,ENRB , ENTA , ENTB ..................................-0.3V to (V CC + 0.3V)R IN .....................................................................................±25V T OUT (Note 3).....................................................................±15V R OUT ........................................................-0.3V to (V CC + 0.3V)Short Circuit (one output at a time)T OUT to GND............................................................Continuous R OUT to GND............................................................ContinuousContinuous Power Dissipation (T A = +70°C)28-Pin Wide SO (derate 12.50mW/°C above +70°C).............1W 40-Pin Plastic DIP (derate 11.11mW/°C above +70°C)...611mW 44-Pin PLCC (derate 13.33mW/°C above +70°C)...........1.07W Operating Temperature RangesMAX225C_ _, MAX24_C_ _ ..................................0°C to +70°C MAX225E_ _, MAX24_E_ _ ...............................-40°C to +85°C Storage Temperature Range.............................-65°C to +160°C Lead Temperature (soldering,10sec)..............................+300°CMAX220–MAX249+5V-Powered, Multichannel RS-232Drivers/Receivers_______________________________________________________________________________________9Note 5:The 300Ωminimum specification complies with EIA/TIA-232E, but the actual resistance when in shutdown mode or V CC =0V is 10M Ωas is implied by the leakage specification.ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS—MAX225/MAX244–MAX249 (continued)(MAX225, V CC = 5.0V ±5%; MAX244–MAX249, V CC = +5.0V ±10%, external capacitors C1–C4 = 1µF; T A = T MIN to T MAX ; unless oth-erwise noted.)M A X 220–M A X 249+5V-Powered, Multichannel RS-232Drivers/Receivers 10________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Typical Operating CharacteristicsMAX225/MAX244–MAX24918212345TRANSMITTER SLEW RATE vs. LOAD CAPACITANCE86416LOAD CAPACITANCE (nF)T R A N S M I T T E R S L E W R A T E (V /µs )14121010-105101520253035OUTPUT VOLTAGEvs. LOAD CURRENT FOR V+ AND V--2-4-6-88LOAD CURRENT (mA)O U T P U T V O L T A G E (V )64209.05.012345TRANSMITTER OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V+, V-)vs. LOAD CAPACITANCE AT DIFFERENT DATA RATES6.05.58.5LOAD CAPACITANCE (nF)V +, V (V )8.07.57.06.5MAX220–MAX249Drivers/Receivers______________________________________________________________________________________11Figure 1. Transmitter Propagation-Delay Timing Figure 2. Receiver Propagation-Delay TimingFigure 3. Receiver-Output Enable and Disable Timing Figure 4. Transmitter-Output Disable TimingM A X 220–M A X 249Drivers/Receivers 12______________________________________________________________________________________ENT ENR OPERATION STATUS TRANSMITTERSRECEIVERS00Normal Operation All Active All Active 01Normal Operation All Active All 3-State10Shutdown All 3-State All Low-Power Receive Mode 11ShutdownAll 3-StateAll 3-StateTable 1a. MAX245 Control Pin ConfigurationsENT ENR OPERATION STATUS TRANSMITTERS RECEIVERSTA1–TA4TB1–TB4RA1–RA5RB1–RB500Normal Operation All Active All Active All Active All Active 01Normal Operation All Active All Active RA1–RA4 3-State,RA5 Active RB1–RB4 3-State,RB5 Active 1ShutdownAll 3-StateAll 3-StateAll Low-Power Receive Mode All Low-Power Receive Mode 11Shutdown All 3-State All 3-StateRA1–RA4 3-State,RA5 Low-Power Receive ModeRB1–RB4 3-State,RB5 Low-Power Receive ModeTable 1b. MAX245 Control Pin ConfigurationsTable 1c. MAX246 Control Pin ConfigurationsENA ENB OPERATION STATUS TRANSMITTERS RECEIVERSTA1–TA4TB1–TB4RA1–RA5RB1–RB500Normal Operation All Active All Active All Active All Active 01Normal Operation All Active All 3-State All Active RB1–RB4 3-State,RB5 Active 1ShutdownAll 3-StateAll ActiveRA1–RA4 3-State,RA5 Active All Active 11Shutdown All 3-State All 3-StateRA1–RA4 3-State,RA5 Low-Power Receive ModeRB1–RB4 3-State,RA5 Low-Power Receive ModeMAX220–MAX249Drivers/Receivers______________________________________________________________________________________13Table 1d. MAX247/MAX248/MAX249 Control Pin ConfigurationsM A X 220–M A X 249_______________Detailed DescriptionThe MAX220–MAX249 contain four sections: dual charge-pump DC-DC voltage converters, RS-232 dri-vers, RS-232 receivers, and receiver and transmitter enable control inputs.Dual Charge-Pump Voltage ConverterThe MAX220–MAX249 have two internal charge-pumps that convert +5V to ±10V (unloaded) for RS-232 driver operation. The first converter uses capacitor C1 to dou-ble the +5V input to +10V on C3 at the V+ output. The second converter uses capacitor C2 to invert +10V to -10V on C4 at the V- output.A small amount of power may be drawn from the +10V (V+) and -10V (V-) outputs to power external circuitry (see the Typical Operating Characteristics section),except on the MAX225 and MAX245–MAX247, where these pins are not available. V+ and V- are not regulated,so the output voltage drops with increasing load current.Do not load V+ and V- to a point that violates the mini-mum ±5V EIA/TIA-232E driver output voltage when sourcing current from V+ and V- to external circuitry. When using the shutdown feature in the MAX222,MAX225, MAX230, MAX235, MAX236, MAX240,MAX241, and MAX245–MAX249, avoid using V+ and V-to power external circuitry. When these parts are shut down, V- falls to 0V, and V+ falls to +5V. For applica-tions where a +10V external supply is applied to the V+pin (instead of using the internal charge pump to gen-erate +10V), the C1 capacitor must not be installed and the SHDN pin must be tied to V CC . This is because V+is internally connected to V CC in shutdown mode.RS-232 DriversThe typical driver output voltage swing is ±8V when loaded with a nominal 5k ΩRS-232 receiver and V CC =+5V. Output swing is guaranteed to meet the EIA/TIA-232E and V.28 specification, which calls for ±5V mini-mum driver output levels under worst-case conditions.These include a minimum 3k Ωload, V CC = +4.5V, and maximum operating temperature. Unloaded driver out-put voltage ranges from (V+ -1.3V) to (V- +0.5V). Input thresholds are both TTL and CMOS compatible.The inputs of unused drivers can be left unconnected since 400k Ωinput pull-up resistors to V CC are built in (except for the MAX220). The pull-up resistors force the outputs of unused drivers low because all drivers invert.The internal input pull-up resistors typically source 12µA,except in shutdown mode where the pull-ups are dis-abled. Driver outputs turn off and enter a high-imped-ance state—where leakage current is typically microamperes (maximum 25µA)—when in shutdownmode, in three-state mode, or when device power is removed. Outputs can be driven to ±15V. The power-supply current typically drops to 8µA in shutdown mode.The MAX220 does not have pull-up resistors to force the ouputs of the unused drivers low. Connect unused inputs to GND or V CC .The MAX239 has a receiver three-state control line, and the MAX223, MAX225, MAX235, MAX236, MAX240,and MAX241 have both a receiver three-state control line and a low-power shutdown control. Table 2 shows the effects of the shutdown control and receiver three-state control on the receiver outputs.The receiver TTL/CMOS outputs are in a high-imped-ance, three-state mode whenever the three-state enable line is high (for the MAX225/MAX235/MAX236/MAX239–MAX241), and are also high-impedance whenever the shutdown control line is high.When in low-power shutdown mode, the driver outputs are turned off and their leakage current is less than 1µA with the driver output pulled to ground. The driver output leakage remains less than 1µA, even if the transmitter output is backdriven between 0V and (V CC + 6V). Below -0.5V, the transmitter is diode clamped to ground with 1k Ωseries impedance. The transmitter is also zener clamped to approximately V CC + 6V, with a series impedance of 1k Ω.The driver output slew rate is limited to less than 30V/µs as required by the EIA/TIA-232E and V.28 specifica-tions. Typical slew rates are 24V/µs unloaded and 10V/µs loaded with 3Ωand 2500pF.RS-232 ReceiversEIA/TIA-232E and V.28 specifications define a voltage level greater than 3V as a logic 0, so all receivers invert.Input thresholds are set at 0.8V and 2.4V, so receivers respond to TTL level inputs as well as EIA/TIA-232E and V.28 levels.The receiver inputs withstand an input overvoltage up to ±25V and provide input terminating resistors withDrivers/Receivers 14Table 2. Three-State Control of ReceiversMAX220–MAX249Drivers/Receivers______________________________________________________________________________________15nominal 5k Ωvalues. The receivers implement Type 1interpretation of the fault conditions of V.28 and EIA/TIA-232E.The receiver input hysteresis is typically 0.5V with a guaranteed minimum of 0.2V. This produces clear out-put transitions with slow-moving input signals, even with moderate amounts of noise and ringing. The receiver propagation delay is typically 600ns and is independent of input swing direction.Low-Power Receive ModeThe low-power receive-mode feature of the MAX223,MAX242, and MAX245–MAX249 puts the IC into shut-down mode but still allows it to receive information. This is important for applications where systems are periodi-cally awakened to look for activity. Using low-power receive mode, the system can still receive a signal that will activate it on command and prepare it for communi-cation at faster data rates. This operation conserves system power.Negative Threshold—MAX243The MAX243 is pin compatible with the MAX232A, differ-ing only in that RS-232 cable fault protection is removed on one of the two receiver inputs. This means that control lines such as CTS and RTS can either be driven or left floating without interrupting communication. Different cables are not needed to interface with different pieces of equipment.The input threshold of the receiver without cable fault protection is -0.8V rather than +1.4V. Its output goes positive only if the input is connected to a control line that is actively driven negative. If not driven, it defaults to the 0 or “OK to send” state. Normally‚ the MAX243’s other receiver (+1.4V threshold) is used for the data line (TD or RD)‚ while the negative threshold receiver is con-nected to the control line (DTR‚ DTS‚ CTS‚ RTS, etc.). Other members of the RS-232 family implement the optional cable fault protection as specified by EIA/TIA-232E specifications. This means a receiver output goes high whenever its input is driven negative‚ left floating‚or shorted to ground. The high output tells the serial communications IC to stop sending data. To avoid this‚the control lines must either be driven or connected with jumpers to an appropriate positive voltage level.Shutdown—MAX222–MAX242On the MAX222‚ MAX235‚ MAX236‚ MAX240‚ and MAX241‚ all receivers are disabled during shutdown.On the MAX223 and MAX242‚ two receivers continue to operate in a reduced power mode when the chip is in shutdown. Under these conditions‚ the propagation delay increases to about 2.5µs for a high-to-low input transition. When in shutdown, the receiver acts as a CMOS inverter with no hysteresis. The MAX223 and MAX242 also have a receiver output enable input (EN for the MAX242 and EN for the MAX223) that allows receiver output control independent of SHDN (SHDN for MAX241). With all other devices‚ SHDN (SH DN for MAX241) also disables the receiver outputs.The MAX225 provides five transmitters and five receivers‚ while the MAX245 provides ten receivers and eight transmitters. Both devices have separate receiver and transmitter-enable controls. The charge pumps turn off and the devices shut down when a logic high is applied to the ENT input. In this state, the supply cur-rent drops to less than 25µA and the receivers continue to operate in a low-power receive mode. Driver outputs enter a high-impedance state (three-state mode). On the MAX225‚ all five receivers are controlled by the ENR input. On the MAX245‚ eight of the receiver out-puts are controlled by the ENR input‚ while the remain-ing two receivers (RA5 and RB5) are always active.RA1–RA4 and RB1–RB4 are put in a three-state mode when ENR is a logic high.Receiver and Transmitter EnableControl InputsThe MAX225 and MAX245–MAX249 feature transmitter and receiver enable controls.The receivers have three modes of operation: full-speed receive (normal active)‚ three-state (disabled)‚ and low-power receive (enabled receivers continue to function at lower data rates). The receiver enable inputs control the full-speed receive and three-state modes. The transmitters have two modes of operation: full-speed transmit (normal active) and three-state (disabled). The transmitter enable inputs also control the shutdown mode. The device enters shutdown mode when all transmitters are disabled. Enabled receivers function in the low-power receive mode when in shutdown.M A X 220–M A X 249Tables 1a–1d define the control states. The MAX244has no control pins and is not included in these tables. The MAX246 has ten receivers and eight drivers with two control pins, each controlling one side of the device. A logic high at the A-side control input (ENA )causes the four A-side receivers and drivers to go into a three-state mode. Similarly, the B-side control input (ENB ) causes the four B-side drivers and receivers to go into a three-state mode. As in the MAX245, one A-side and one B-side receiver (RA5 and RB5) remain active at all times. The entire device is put into shut-down mode when both the A and B sides are disabled (ENA = ENB = +5V).The MAX247 provides nine receivers and eight drivers with four control pins. The ENRA and ENRB receiver enable inputs each control four receiver outputs. The ENTA and ENTB transmitter enable inputs each control four drivers. The ninth receiver (RB5) is always active.The device enters shutdown mode with a logic high on both ENTA and ENTB .The MAX248 provides eight receivers and eight drivers with four control pins. The ENRA and ENRB receiver enable inputs each control four receiver outputs. The ENTA and ENTB transmitter enable inputs control four drivers each. This part does not have an always-active receiver. The device enters shutdown mode and trans-mitters go into a three-state mode with a logic high on both ENTA and ENTB .The MAX249 provides ten receivers and six drivers with four control pins. The ENRA and ENRB receiver enable inputs each control five receiver outputs. The ENTA and ENTB transmitter enable inputs control three dri-vers each. There is no always-active receiver. The device enters shutdown mode and transmitters go into a three-state mode with a logic high on both ENTA and ENTB . In shutdown mode, active receivers operate in a low-power receive mode at data rates up to 20kbits/sec.__________Applications InformationFigures 5 through 25 show pin configurations and typi-cal operating circuits. In applications that are sensitive to power-supply noise, V CC should be decoupled to ground with a capacitor of the same value as C1 and C2 connected as close as possible to the device.Drivers/Receivers16______________________________________________________________________________________。

PL-2303HX替换MAX232

PL-2303HX替换MAX232

PL-2303HX芯片替换MAX232芯片指引MAX232是一款兼容RS232标准的电平转换芯片,能在电脑的RS232信号(-10,+10v)和单片机的TTL信号(0,+5)这两种电平之间进行转换。

应用该芯片必需和电脑的九芯串行口配套使用,除非使用专用的USB-RS232转接线。

笔记本电脑和一些台式机都没有配置这个九芯串行口,这就让该芯片的应用受到限制。

并且MAX232芯片价格在供电电流很小、功耗很低的应用场合,可以考虑选择PL-2303HX芯片来替换MAX232芯片。

PL-2303HX是PROLIFIC推出的USB-类RS232接口转换芯片。

原MAX232的应用设备,用PL-2303HX芯片替换MAX232芯片后,原通信软件不须作任何修改或者稍加修改,即可升级为具有USB功能的通信设备。

有网页撰文指出:USB是为解决日益增加的PC外设与有限的主板插槽和端口间的矛盾制定的一种串行通信标准。

它传输速度快,数据传输可靠,设备安装和配置容易,支持热插拔,易于扩展,能够采用总线供电,USB总线提供最大达5V电压,500mA电流,可为小型设备供电。

具体可参考USB相关技术标准等。

使用PL-2303HX的好处是可以直接使用USB的5V电源而不用单独给应用电路供电,当然这种应用也是受到一定的限制,就是应用电路所需电流很小、功耗很低。

对于需要电流较大、功耗也较大的场合,这里暂不讨论,请参考其它资料进行设计。

应用电路额外供电,需要注意的地方是强弱电需隔离等等。

原MAX232的应用设备,转换芯片前端的电路可不作任何改动,从转换芯片开始直到电脑接口的部分电路原理图如图1、PCB如图2所示:图1 原理图图2 PCB图注1:以上PCB中PL-2303HX芯片处于底层,其余顶层。

注2:滤波电感L1可根据应用场合选用,通常干扰不太大可省略。

注3:可以设计一个LED灯来指示已接上USB。

电路做成样板后先双击文件夹“PL-2303HX新版驱动”下的“卸载旧驱动rm2303.exe”来完全卸载旧驱动,然后双击“PL-2303 Driver Installer.exe”来安装PL-2303HX驱动,重启系统。

MAX232中文资料(官方版)

MAX232中文资料(官方版)

________________________________ 应用
便携式计算机 低功耗调制解调器 接口转换 电池供电 RS-232 系统 多点 RS-232 网络
_____________________________ 定购信息
PART MAX220CPE MAX220CSE MAX220CWE MAX220C/D MAX220EPE MAX220ESE MAX220EWE MAX220EJE MAX220MJE TEMP RANGE 0°C to +70°C 0°C to +70°C 0°C to +70°C 0°C to +70°C -40°C to +85°C -40°C to +85°C -40°C to +85°C -40°C to +85°C -55°C to +125°C PIN-PACKAGE 16 Plastic DIP 16 Narrow SO 16 Wide SO Dice* 16 Plastic DIP 16 Narrow SO 16 Wide SO 16 CERDIP 16 CERDIP
索取免费样品和最新版的数据资料,请访问 Maxim 的主页:。
+5V 供电、多通道 RS-232 驱动器/接收器 MAX220–MAX249
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS—MAX220/222/232A/233A/242/243
Supply Voltage (VCC) ...............................................-0.3V to +6V V+ (Note 1) ..................................................(VCC - 0.3V) to +14V V- (Note 1) .............................................................+0.3V to +14V Input Voltages TIN..............................................................-0.3V to (VCC - 0.3V) RIN (Except MAX220) ........................................................±30V RIN (MAX220).....................................................................±25V TOUT (Except MAX220) (Note 2) .......................................±15V TOUT (MAX220)...............................................................±13.2V Output Voltages TOUT ...................................................................................±15V ROUT .........................................................-0.3V to (VCC + 0.3V) Driver/Receiver Output Short Circuited to GND.........Continuous Continuous Power Dissipation (TA = +70°C) 16-Pin Plastic DIP (derate 10.53mW/°C above +70°C) .842mW 18-Pin Plastic DIP (derate 11.11mW/°C above +70°C)..889mW 20-Pin Plastic DIP (derate 8.00mW/°C above +70°C) ..440mW 16-Pin Narrow SO (derate 8.70mW/°C above +70°C) ...696mW 16-Pin Wide SO (derate 9.52mW/°C above +70°C)......762mW 18-Pin Wide SO (derate 9.52mW/°C above +70°C)......762mW 20-Pin Wide SO (derate 10.00mW/°C above +70°C)....800mW 20-Pin SSOP (derate 8.00mW/°C above +70°C) ..........640mW 16-Pin CERDIP (derate 10.00mW/°C above +70°C).....800mW 18-Pin CERDIP (derate 10.53mW/°C above +70°C).....842mW Operating Temperature Ranges MAX2_ _AC_ _, MAX2_ _C_ _ .............................0°C to +70°C MAX2_ _AE_ _, MAX2_ _E_ _ ..........................-40°C to +85°C MAX2_ _AM_ _, MAX2_ _M_ _ .......................-55°C to +125°C Storage Temperature Range .............................-65°C to +160°C Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s) (Note 3) ...................+300°C

MAX232中文资料_数据手册_参数

MAX232中文资料_数据手册_参数

ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
ESD保护, 5V RS-232收发器输出.所以经过PC板组装之后,机器模型与I / O端口不太相关.应用信息电容选择用于C1-C4的电容器类 型不是关键正确的操作. MAX202E,MAX206-MAX208E, MAX232E和MAX213E需要0.1μF电容, MAX232E和MAX241E需要1μF电 容 - 尽管在所有情况下电容器都可以达到10μF使用没有伤害.陶瓷,铝电解,或钽电容建议1μF建议使用电容器和陶瓷电介质 0.1μF电容.当使用小的推荐值时,修补电容值,确保电容价值不会像操作那样过度降低温度变化.如果有疑问,请使用电容器较大 (例如2倍)的标称值.电容器的有效性 TIVE串联电阻(ESR),通常在低位上升温度影响V +上的纹波量和V-.使用更大的电容(高 达10μF)来减少输出 V +和V-下的阻抗MAX232.这可能是有用的时候从V +或V-“窃取”电源. MAX232和 MAX205E具有内部电荷 泵电容. 旁路V CC 到地面至少0.1μF. 在应用中,对由此产生的电源噪声敏感 电荷泵, 通过电容去 耦V CC 到地,与电荷泵的尺寸 相同(或大于)电容器(C1-C4). V +和V-作为电源可以从V +和V-中获取少量功率,尽管这会减少驾驶员的输出摆动和噪音边际. 增加电荷泵的价值电容器(高达10μF)有助于保持性能当电源从V +或V-引出时.驱动多个接收器每个发射器都设计用来驱动一个 接收器.变送器可以并联驱动多个接收器.退出关机时的驱动程序输出驱动器输出不显示振铃或不合需要当他们从关机时出现瞬态.高 数据速率这些收发器保持RS-232±5.0V MINI-妈妈驱动器输出电压数据速率超过 120KBPS.对于120KBPS以上的数据速率,请参考发 射机输出电压与负载电容在图表中典型. 驱动器输出关闭并只吸取漏电流 - MAX232即使他们是反向驱动电压在0V和 12V.在关机时低于-0.5V,变送器输出为二极管钳位到地 面与1KΩ串联阻抗 - ANCE. RS-232接收器接收器将RS-232信号转换为CMOS逻辑产出水平.保证0.8V和2.4V接收器输入阈值比±3V严 格得多 EIA / TIA-232E规范要求的阈值.这允许接收器输入响应TTL / CMOS-逻辑电平以及RS-232电平.保证0.8V输入低阈值确保接地 短路的接收器具有逻辑1输出.该 5KΩ输入电阻接地保证了MAX232接收器其输入保持打开状态也将具有逻辑1输出.接收器输入具有 大约0.5V的滞后.这提供了干净的输出转换,即使MAX232速度很慢上升/下降时间信号,噪音适中并响起.关断时,MAX213E的R4和 R5接收器具有没有滞后.关机和启用控制 (MAX205E / MAX206E / MAX232E / MAX213E / MAX241E)在关机模式下,充电泵关闭, V +被拉低至V CC ,V-拉至接地,并且变送器输出被禁用.这减少了支持,通常为1μA(MAX213E为15μA).退出关机所需的时间 低于1MS,如如图5所示.接收器除R4和R5外,所有MAX213E接收机都被放入在关断模式下的高阻状态(见表 1A和1B). MAX213E的 R4和R5接收器依然如此功能在关机模式下.这两个清醒的,下行接收机可以监控外部活动,保持小的功耗.启用控件用于将接收器输 出插入一个高阻状态,以允许线或连接两个EIA / TIA-232E端口(或不同类型的端口) UART.它不影响RS-232驱动程序或者充电泵. MAXIM器件,ESD保护结构一样并入所有引脚以防止电 - MAX232处理过程中遇到静电放电部件.驱动器输出和接收器输入额外的防 静电保护. MAXIM的英文 - NEERS开发了先进的结构来保护这些引脚对±15KV的ESD没有损坏.该在所有状态下,ESD结构都能承受 高ESD操作,关机和关机.在ESD之后事件,MAXIM的E版本继续工作,没有闭锁,而竞争的RS-232产品可以锁定和必须断电以消除 闩锁. ESD保护可以通过各种方式进行测试;该本产品的发射机输出和接收机输入家庭的特点.

MAX232芯片介绍

MAX232芯片介绍

MAX232芯片是美信公司专门为电脑的RS-232标准串口设计的单电源电平转换芯片,使用+5v单电源供电。

图2.3 MAX232芯片管脚图
引脚介绍:
第一部分是电荷泵电路。

由1、2、3、4、5、6脚和4只电容构成。

功能是产生+12v和-12v两个电源,提供给RS-232串口电平的需要。

第二部分是数据转换通道。

由7、8、9、10、11、12、13、14脚构成两个数据通道。

其中13脚(R1IN)、12脚(R1OUT)、11脚(T1IN)、14脚(T1OUT)为第一数据通道。

8脚(R2IN)、9脚(R2OUT)、10脚(T2IN)、7脚(T2OUT)为第二数据通道。

TTL/CMOS数据从T1IN、T2IN输入转换成RS-232数据从T1OUT、T2OUT送到电脑DB9插头;DB9插头的RS-232数据从R1IN、R2IN输入转换成TTL/CMOS数据后从R1OUT、R2OUT输出。

第三部分是供电。

15脚GND、16脚VCC(+5v)。

主要特点:
1、符合所有的RS-232C技术标准
2、只需要单一 +5V电源供电
3、片载电荷泵具有升压、电压极性反转能力,能够产生+10V和-10V电压V+、V-
4、功耗低,典型供电电流5mA
5、内部集成2个RS-232C驱动器
6、内部集成两个RS-232C接收器下图为MX232双串口的连接图,可以分别接单片机的串行通信口或者实验板的其它串行通信接口:
图2.4 RS-232接口图。

MAX232芯片介绍

MAX232芯片介绍
接头 3、MAX232 的串口下载与通信实验电路
2串口串口座用db9的母头这样就可以用买来的pc串口延长线进行和电脑相连接也可以直接接到电脑com口上
1、串口 232 芯片 、
RS232 接口芯片 MAX232, SOP 封装主要有以下型号: MAX232CSE、 MAX232ESE。 后缀第一个字母如果为“C”,代表商业级,如果为“E”,代表工业 级。 后缀第二个字母带“S”,代表 SOP 封装。 后缀最后一个字母带“+”的:表示无铅产品。 特殊说明: 带“A”的 MAX232A,有 MAX232ACSE、MAX232AESE,它们使 用的是 0.1uF 外部电容,最高速率 200kbps。而 MAX232 使用的是 1uF 外部电容,最高速率 120kbps。 2、串口 、 串口座用 DB9 的母头, 这样就可以用买来的 PC 串口延长线进行 和电脑相连接,也可以直接接到电脑 com 口上。
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