《国际市场营销学》第十章习题参考答案
国际市场营销学课后习题答案
国际市场营销学课后习题答案第一章1、国际市场营销学：是一门研究以国外顾客需求为中心、从事国际市场营销活动的国际企业经营管理的科学。
2、国际市场营销学与市场营销学、国际贸易学的区别与联系是什么？答：国际市场营销学与市场营销学的关系与区别联系：①理论基础相同②经营理念相同③市场边界的扩大区别：①国际市场环境更加复杂②国际市场营销面对更多不确定因素③国际市场营销方案更多样化④国际市场营销的难度更大国际市场营销与国际贸易的联系与区别联系：①国际贸易是国际市场营销的先导。
②企业的国际市场营销是国际贸易的一部分。
区别：①经营主体不同②商品的流通形态不同③经营动力或行为动机不同④评价经济效益的信息来源不同⑤国际市场营销活动的作业流程比国际贸易更加复杂3、企业开展国际市场营销的动因是什么？答：⑴国市场竞争激烈，利润微薄促使企业走向国际市场⑵企业走向国际市场以延长其产品的生命周期⑶国际市场需求潜力大、机会多⑷对低成本的追求⑸对东道国丰富和廉价资源的吸引⑹本国政府的支持和鼓励⑺东道国市场环境和基础设施条件的吸引4、国际市场营销的发展过程是什么？答：⑴国营销阶段⑵出口营销阶段⑶国际市场营销阶段5、国际市场的研究容有哪些？答：研究对象：国际市场需求、国际市场营销活动、国际市场营销规律研究容：国际市场营销环境、国际市场的选择、国际市场的调研、国际市场营销规划与组织、国际市场营销信息系、国际市场营销策略、国际市场竞争战略。
第二章1、国际政治环境：是指东道国直接或间接影响和制约国际市场营销的各种政治因素的集合，其容主要涉及政府与政党体制、政府政策和政治风险。
2、国际法律环境：影响国际企业开展国际市场营销活动的法律主要有国法律国际法律和东道国法律构成了国际法律环境。
3、如何评估国际政治环境？答：⑴专家调查法⑵实地考察法⑶利用驻外专家调查法⑷利用国际咨询机构法⑸政治体制稳定指数（PSSI）法4、采取什么措施以防国际政治风险？答：⑴回避策略⑵保险策略⑶当地化策略⑷建立合资企业策略⑸树立良好的企业形象策略⑹积极参与东道国经济建设策略5、国际商务争端的解决途径有哪些？答：（1）协商：是指在发生商务争端之后，各方当事人约定在自愿互谅互让、相互妥协的基础上，依据相关法律和合同条款的规定，达成各方都能接受的解决方案。
(完整版)《国际市场营销(第二版)》章后习题参考答案与提示
附录1章后习题参考答案与提示第1章□知识题1.1 阅读理解1）国际市场营销（International Marketing，简称国际营销，也有的称国际行销）指的是企业在跨越国境的基础上计划和实施交易，以实现满足个人和组织需要的交换的过程。
这里其主要特点是跨越国境的交易。
与国内营销的主要区别是：①国际营销比国内营销面临更多不可控因素；②国际营销比国内营销面临着更复杂的需求；③国际营销比国内营销更需要统一的协调和控制；④国际营销的目标市场在国外，它的产品（或服务）应该满足国外客户的需要。
2）开展国际市场营销，主要是为了让企业的决策者在综合考虑分析国内外市场营销环境的基础上，捕捉营销机会，避免风险，制定进入国际市场的营销战略、策略，以实现企业的基本目标。
因此，企业开展国际营销的目的是：①拓展企业的市场基础，扩大企业的经营业务；②获得国际市场的经验和资源，参与全球竞争；③获得全球基础上的竞争优势，加强企业的核心竞争能力；④分散化经营，规避经营风险。
3）这些环境因素包括三个方面。
①营销可控因素。
产品、渠道、价格和促销就是营销的可控因素，企业要达到自己的经营目标，必须以目标市场消费者的需求为中心，制定一个适应企业外部环境的营销方案。
企业对外部环境认识得愈深刻，适应得愈好，效益就愈佳。
②国内不可控因素，包括政治力量、经济形势和竞争环境等。
这些因素往往对企业在国际市场上的营销活动产生直接或间接的影响。
有时政府一项政治决定会给企业带来巨大的营销机会；而另一项决定也可能使原来谈妥的生意告吹。
国内经济形势的好坏，也会影响企业海外投资办厂的能力，以及在国际市场购买的多寡。
竞争环境往往构成企业实现营销目标的直接威胁。
③国外不可控因素，包括政治力量、经济形势、社会文化环境、科技条件、竞争因素、地理环境、分销结构等，这些都是无法控制而且更为复杂的环境，但它们又是企业进入国际市场制订营销规划的基础和依据。
4）国际市场营销的主要任务包括：适应环境差距，包括文化差距、行政差距、地理差距和经济差距；进行跨国的组织协调；确定和管理组织的全球化决策，包括战略的全球化决策、企业组织的全球化决策、产品全球化决策及全球品牌决策等。
国际市场营销学课后题作业答案
国际市场营销学作业第一章1、什么是市场营销？市场营销的基本要素是什么？市场营销有哪些主要职能？答：市场营销是个人和集体通过创造，提供出售，并同别人自由交换产品和价值，以获得其所需所欲之物的一种社会和管理过程。
市场营销的基本要素：产品、品牌、价格、渠道、推广、促销。
市场营销的主要职能：（1）采购与销售（2）分销与存货（3）质量与数量（4）促销与信息（5）财务与风险2、目前有哪些市场营销组合理论？各有哪些优势和不足？答：（1）4P理论：产品Product、价格Price、渠道Place、促销Promotion（2）7P理论：4p理论+人（People ）、过程（Process）、物质环境（Physical Environment）。
（3）11P理论：4p+政府权力(Power)、公共关系(PublicRelations) 、调研(Probe)即探索、区隔(Partition)即市场细分的过程、优先(Priorition)即选出我的目标市场；、定位(Position) 、员工(People)第二章1、国际市场营销的政治环境包括哪些？答：（1）国际政治局势（2）国家间关系（3）民族主义4、造成政府不稳定的常见因素有哪些？答：政治制度、政治稳定性、政策连续性、行政干预、行政效率。
第三章1、什么是经济环境？答：经济环境是指构成企业生存和发展的社会经济状况和国家经济政策，是影响消费者购买能力和支出模式的因素，它包括收入的变化，消费者支出模式的变化等5、请举例说明地区性经济组织在国际市场营销中的积极意义。
答：举例：中美洲一体化体系，成立于１９９１年１２月在洪都拉斯召开的第十一次中美洲国家首脑会议上签署的“特古西加尔巴声明”建立的。
总部：萨尔瓦多首都圣萨尔瓦多。
成员国：萨尔瓦多、洪都拉斯、尼加拉瓜、危地马拉、哥斯达黎加、巴拿马和伯里兹，共7个职能：协调和推进一体化进程，促进中美洲，地区的和平、民主与发展。
地区性经济组织的积极意义：是全球经济一体化的重要表现，也为全球经济一体化的进一步发展以及全球经济的整合奠定了坚实的基础，为平衡某一地区的经济发展水平，缩小国家、地区间的贫富差距做出了巨大贡献。
国际市场营销 全球营销学每章课后习题答案
全球营销学第四版每章课后习题答案第一章Introduction to Global Marketing1.What are the basic goals of marketing? Are these goals relevant to globalmarketing?P31、Surpass the competition at the task of creating perceived value for customers2、The Guide line is the value equation –Value = Benefits/Price (Money, Time, Effort, Etc.)P42.What is mean by “global localization”?（全球本土化策略）Is Coca-Cola a globalproduct? Explain.The phrase “global localization” represents an attempt to capture the spirit of the rallying cry for o rganizations in the 21st century, namely, “think globally, act locally.”Most people will agree that Coca-Cola is a global product by virtue of the fact that it is available in more than 195 countries in red cans bearing the distinctive signature style. It must be noted, however, that customer service efforts are adapted to the needs of particular markets, e.g., vending machines in Japan. Thus, Coca-Cola is both global and local.3.Describe some of the global marketing strategies available to companies. Giveexamples of companies that use the different strategies.Global marketing strategies: 1. global market participation is the extent to which a company has operations in major world markets; 2. standardization versus adaptation is the extent to which each marketing mix element can be standardized or adapted in various country markets; 3. concentration of marketing activities is the extent to which activities related to marketing mix are performed in one or a few country locations; 4. coordination of marketing activities is the extent to which activities related to marketing mix are performed interdependently around the globe; 5. integration of competitive moves is the extent to which a firm’s competitive marketing tactics in different parts of world are interdependent.Examples: 1. Coke is the best-known, strongest brand, as the Coca-Cola Company, supporting its Coke, Fanta, and Powerade brands with marketing mix elements both that are globe and local, is adept at adapting sales promotion, distribution, and customer service efforts to local needs;2. Mcdonald’s business model is a restaurant system that can be set up virtually anywhere in the world and offers core menu items-hamburgers, French fries, and soft drinks-in most countries, and the company also customizes menu offerings according to local eating customs.4.How do the global marketing strategies of Harley-Davidson and Toyota differ?Harley-Davidson motorcycles are known the world over as “the” all-American motorcycle. Harley’s mystique and heritag e are associated with the USA. The company backs up this positioning with exports from two U.S. manufacturing locations. By contrast, Toyota builds some models (e.g., Camry and Avalon) for the U.S. market in the U.S., a fact that Toyota stresses in its American ad. Thus, Harley-Davidson serves global markets while sourcing locally, while Toyota’s strategy calls for serving world markets and using the world as a source of supply.5.Describe the difference between ethnocentric, polycontric, regiocentric, andgeocentric management orientations.The premise of an ethnocentric orientation is that home country products and management processes are superior. An ethnocentric company that neither sources inputs from, nor seeks market opportunities in the world outside the home country may be classified as an domestic company. A company that does business abroad while still presuming the superiority of the home country may be classified as an international company. Such a company would rely on an extension strategy whereby it would export, without adaptation, products designed for the domestic market.The polycentric orientation that predominates at a multinational company leads to aview of the world in which each country markets is different from the others. Local country managers operating with a high degree of autonomy adapt the marketing mix in a polycentric, multinational company. Managers who are regiocentric or geocentric in their orientations recognize both similarities and differences in world markets. Market opportunities are pursued using both extension and adaptation strategies. The regiocentric and geocentric orientations are characteristic of global transnational companies.OrEthnocentric orientation: home country is superior to the rest of the world, sees similarities in foreign countries，leads to a standardized or extension approach; Polycentric orientation: the opposite of ethnocentrism, each country in which a company does business is unique, sees differences in foreign countries, leads to localized or adaption approach; Regiocentric orientation: a region becomes the relevant geographic unit; management`s goal is to develop an integrated regional strategy; Geocentric orientation：views the entire world as a potential market and strives to develop integrated world market strategies.6.Identify and briefly describe some of the forces that have resulted in increased globalintegration and the growing importance of global marketing.P21+Driving Forces：Regional economic agreements、Market needs and wants、TechnologyTransportation and communication improvements、Product development costs、Quality、World economic trends、LeverageRestraining Forces：Management myopia、Organizational culture、National controls 7.Define leverage and explain the different types of leverage utilized by companieswith global operations.Define leverage：P25第二章The Global Economic Environment1.Explain the difference between market capitalism, centrally planned capitalism,centrally planned socialism, and market socialism. Give an example of a country that illustrates each types of system.Market capitalism is an economic system in which individuals and firms allocate resources and production resources are privately owned. (England).Centrally planned capitalism is an economic system in which command resource allocation is utilized extensively in an environment of private resource ownership. (Sweden)Centrally planned socialism, in this type of economic system, the state has broad powers to serve the public interest as it sees fit. (Former Soviet Union)Market socialism, in such a system, market allocation policies are permitted within an overall environment of state ownership. (China)2.What is a BEM? Identify the BEMs according to their respective stages of economicdevelopment.P53P56-583. A manufacture of satellite dishes is assessing the world market potential for hisproducts. He asks you if he should consider developing countries as potential markets.How would you advise him?Despite the difficult economic conditions in parts of developing countries, many nations will involve into attractive markets.One of marketing’s roles in developing countries is to focus resources on the task of creating and delivering products that are best suited to local needs and incomes. The role of marketing to indentify people’s needs and wants is the same in all countries, irrespective of level of economic development. It is also an opportunity to help developing countries join the information age.And P654.Turn to the Index of Economic Freedom (Table 2-1) and identify where the BEMs areranked. What does the result tell you in terms of the relevance of the index to global marketers?P52第三章Social and Cultural Environments1.What are some of the elements that make up culture? How do these find expression inyour native culture?Culture is a collection of Values, beliefs, behaviors, customs, and attitudes that distinguish one society from another.Culture is acted out in social institutions, such as, family, education, religion, government, business.2.What is the difference between a low-context culture and a high-context culture?Give an example of a country that is an example of each type and provide evidence for your answer.PPT 第四章4-63.How can Hofstede’s cultural typologies help Western marketers better understandAsian culture?P874.Explain the self-reference criterion(自我参照准则). Go to the library and findexamples of product failures that might have been avoided through the application of the SRC.Unconscious reference to one’s own cultural values; creates cultural myopia5.Briefly explain the social research of Everrtt Rogers regarding diffusion ofinnovations,……P94pare and contrast USA and Japan in terms of traditions and organizationalbehavior and norms.第四章The Legal and Regulatory Environments of Global Marketing1.What is sovereignty? What is it an important consideration in the politicalenvironment of global marketing?sovereignty2.Describe some of the sources of political risk. Specially, what forms can political risktake?Tension between aspirations and realityPrimarily occurs in lower and lower-middle income countries–Indonesia and economic crisisWhen political risk occurs in high income countries, it is generally due to a long-standing conflict–Northern IrelandP1423.Briefly describe some of the differences between the legal environment of a countrythat embraces common law and one that observes civil law.4.Global marketers can avoid legal conflicts by understanding the reasons conflictsarise in the first place. Identify and describe several legal issues that relate to global commerce.Intellectual PropertyAntitrustContractualLicensing and Trade Secrets5.“See you in court” is one way to respond when legal issues arise. What otherapproaches are possible?LitigationFormal arbitration–Settles disputes outside of court–Groups agree to abide by panel’s decision1958 United Nations Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards–Most important treaty regarding international arbitration第五章Global Information Systems and Market Research1.Explain two information technology puts powerful tools in the hands of globalmarketers.Modern IT tools provide the means for a company's marketing information system and research functions to provide relevant information in a timely, cost –efficient, and actionable manner.Electronic data interchange (EDI) allows business units to submit orders, to issue invoices, to conduct business electronically, Wal-Mart legendary for its EDI, save time and money, enables retailers to improve inventory management. Transaction formats are universalEfficient Consumer Response (ECR) This is in addition to EDI, an effort for retailers and vendors to work closely on stock replenishment(补充). ECR can be defined as a joint initiative by members of a supply chain to work toward improving and optimizing(最优化) aspects of the supply chain to benefit customersIntranet, Electronic Point of Sale (EPOS), Data Warehouses are also helping businesses improve their ability to target consumers and increase loyalty.2.What are the different modes of information acquisition? Which is the most importantfor gathering strategic information?3.4、Outline the basic steps of the market research process.5、What is the difference between existing, latent, and incipient demand? How mightthese differences affect the design of a marketing research project?Demand and profit potential, in turn, depend in part on whether the market being studied can be classifieds existing or potential. Existing markets are those in which customer needs are already being served by one or more companies. In some instances, there is no existing market to research and. information may be readily available. A latent market is in essence, an und iscovered segment .It’s a market in which demand would materialize if an appropriate product were made available. An incipient market is a market that will emerge if particular economic demographic, political, or sociocultural trend continues. A company is not likely to achieve satisfactory results if it offers a product in an incipient market before the trends have taken root.Market growth, brand loyalty, market segment, product, sales promotion, pricing, distribution, will be different in marketing research project.6.Describe some of the analytical techniques used by global marketers. When is it appropriate to use each technique?A number of techniques are available for analyzing survey data.Factor analysis can be used to transform large amount of data into manageable units. It is useful in psychographic segmentation studies or creating perceptual maps; cluster analysis allows the researchers to group variables into clusters that maximize within-group similarities and between-group differences. It can be used to do global marketing research, to perform benefit segmentation, and to identify new product opportunities. Multi dimensional scaling is another technique for creating perceptual maps which is particular useful when there are many product to choose and consumers have difficulty in verbalizing their conceptions. Conjoint analysis is used to gain insights into the combination of features that will be the most attractive to consumers. It is useful when determines the values and utilities of the various levels of product features and plots them graphically.第六章Segmentation, Targeting, and Positioning1.differentiate the five basic segmentation strategies. Give an example of a companythat has used each one.P170-P1831、IncomePopulationsAge distributionGenderEducationOccupation2、Grouping people according to attitudes, value, and lifestyles3、4、Benefit segmentation focuses on the value equation–Value = Benefits / Price5、The population of many countries includes ethnic groups of significant size2.Explain the difference between segmenting and targeting.P200pare and contrast standardized, concentrated, and differentiated global marketing.Illustrate each strategy with an example from a global company.Standardized global marketing is mass marketing on a global scale with undifferentiated target marketing (Revlon International)Concentrated global marketing, involves devising a marketing mix to reach a niche. A niche is simply a single segment of the global market. (Germany`s Winter halter) Differentiated global marketing, represents a more ambitious approach than concentrated target marketing with multi-segment targeting and two or more distinct markets (Rover)4.5.What is positioning? Identify the different positioning strategies presented in thechapter and give examples of companies or products that illustrate each.Locating a brand in consumers’minds over and against competitors in terms of attributes and benefits that the brand does and does not offer.P192-1956.What is global consumer culture positioning? What other strategic positioningchoices do global marketers have?Identifies the brand as a symbol of a particular global culture or segment.P1967.What is high-touch product? Explain the difference between high-tech productpositioning and high-touch product positioning. Can some products be positioned using both strategies? Explain.High-tech products are sophisticated technologically complex, and/or difficult to explain or understand, and frequently evaluated in terms of their performance against established objective standards. High-tech global consumer positioning also works well for special interest products associated with leisure of recreation.High-touch products, consumers are generally energized by emotional motives rather than rational ones, and frequently evaluated in terms of their performance against established subjective, aesthetic terms.Some products can be positioned using both strategies, with both satisfying buyers’ rational criteria and evoking an emotional response. Nokia, for example, combines technical performance with a fashion orientation.第七章Global Market Entry Strategies:1.What are the advantages and disadvantages of using licensing as a market entry tool?Give examples of companies from different countries that use licensing as a global marketing strategy.Advantages to LicensingProvides additional profitability with little initial investmentProvides method of circumventing tariffs, quotas, and other export barriersAttractive ROILow costs to implementDisadvantages to LicensingLimited participationReturns may be lostLack of controlLicensee may become competitorLicensee may exploit company resourcesP2062.What is foreign direct investment? What forms can FDI take?P209Partial or full ownership of operations outside of home countryForms:Joint ventures–Minority or majority equity stakes–Outright acquisition3.Do you agree with Ford’s decision to acquire Jaguar? What was more valuable toFord---the physical assets or the name?P2154.What is meant by the phrase global strategic partnership? In what ways does this formof market entry strategy differ from more traditional forms such as joint ventures? Participants remain independent following formation of the allianceParticipants share benefits of alliance as well as control over performance of assigned tasksParticipants make ongoing contributions in technology, products, and other key strategic areasPPT3055.What are Keiretsu? How does this form of industrial structure affect companies thatcompete with Japan or that are trying to enter the Japanese market?PPT307书P2276.Which Strategic options for market entry or expansion would a small company belikely to pursue? A large company?StrategiesCompanies must decide to expand by:–Seeking new markets in existing countries–Seeking new country markets for already identified and served market segments第八章Product and Brand Decisions1.What is the difference between a product and a brand?A product is a good, service, or ideaBrandsBundle of images and experiences in the customer’s mindA promise made by a particular company about a particular productA quality certificationDifferentiation between competing productsThe sum of impressions about a brand is the Brand ImageThe added value that accrues to a product as a result of investments in the marketing of the brandAn asset that represents the value created by the relationship between the brand and customer over time2.How do local, international, and global products differ? Cite examplesLocal Product is one that has achieved success in a single national market and represents the lifeblood of domestic companies. （Coca-cola, ginseng beverage only in Japan）International product is offered in several markets in a particular region (Euro-product, only in euro zone)Global product meets the wants and needs of a global market and is offered in all world regions (personal stereos)3.What are some of the elements that make up a brand? Are these elements tangible orintangible?IntangibleP2414.What criteria should global marketers consider when making product designdecisions?In many instances, packaging is an integral element of product-related design decisions. Packaging is designed to protect or contain the product during shipping；Labeling provides consumers with various types of information; Aesthetics differ around the world. Global marketers must understand the importance of visual aesthetics; Product Warranties is a written guarantee that assures the buyer is getting what they paid for or provides a remedy in case of a product failure. Warranties can be used as a competitive tool5.How can buyer at titudes about a product’s country of origin affect marketing strategy?买家对于原产国的态度对营销策略有什么影响？Perceptions about and attitudes toward particular countries often extend to products and brands known to originate in those countries–Japan–Germany–France–ItalyP252-2546.Identify several global brands. What are some of the reasons for the global success ofthe brands you chose?Both products and brand are good……7.Briefly describe various combinations of product-communication strategies availableto global marketers. When is it appropriate to use each?Product-communication extension (dual extension) is a strategy selling the same product with the same promotional appeals used in domestically when pursuing opportunities outside the home market. It used frequently with industrial (business to business) products.Product extension-communication adaptation strategy is a relatively low cost of implementation because the physical product is unchanged, and the main costs are associated with market research and revising promotional appeals. It used frequently when consumer conceptions outside the home market are very different from domestic marketProduct adaptation-communication extension is an approach to global product planning is to extend, without change, the basic home-market communications strategy while adapting the product to local use or preference conditions. It used frequently when natural conditions outside the home market are very different from domestic market Product-communication adaptation (dual adaptation) strateg y is an approach used both the different product serves and advertising appeals to consumer receptivity when comparing a new geographic market to the home market, environmental conditions or consumer preferences differ;第九章Pricing Decisions1.What are the basic factors that affect price in any market? What considerations enterinto the pricing decision?In global marketing, the task of setting prices is complicated by fluctuating exchange rates. Currency fluctuations can create significant problems and opportunities for the classic international company that exports from the home country.Inflation, or a persistent upward change in price levels, is a problem in many country markets. It can be caused by an increase in the money supply and currency devaluation. Governmental policies and regulations that affect pricing decisions include dumping legislation, resale price maintenance legislation, price ceilings, and general reviews of price levels.Pricing decisions are bounded not only by cost and nature of demand but also by competitive action.Competitive Behavior: If competitors do not adjust their prices in response to rising costs it is difficult to adjust your price to maintain operating margins; If competitors are manufacturing or sourcing I a lower-cost country, it may be necessary to cut prices to stay competitiveThe global marketer has several options for addressing the problem of price escalation orthe environmental factors described in the last section.2.Define the various types of pricing strategies and objectives available to globalmarketers.Market Skimming and Financial Objectives: Market Skimming charges a premium price which may occur at the introduction stage of product life cyclePenetration Pricing and Non-Financial Objectives: Penetration Pricing charges a low price in order to penetrate market quickly which appropriates to saturate market prior to imitation by competitors3.Identify some of the environmental constraints on global pricing decisions. Currency FluctuationsInflationary EnvironmentGovernment Controls, Subsidies, RegulationsCompetitive BehaviorSourcing4.Why do price differences in world markets often lead to gray marketing?Because price differences in world markets lead to trademarked products are exported from one country to another where they are sold by unauthorized persons or organizationsGray marketing occurs when product is in short supply, when producers use skimming strategies in some markets, and when goods are subject to substantial mark-ups 5.What is dumping? Why was dumping such an important issue during the UruguayRound of GATT negotiations?Sale of an imported product at a price lower than that normally charged in a domestic market or country of origin.P2966.What is transfer price? Why is it an important issue for companies with foreignaffiliates(外国子公司)? Why did transfer pricing in Europe take on increased importance in 1999?The transfer price is that Pricing of goods, services, and intangible property bought and sold by operating units or divisions of a company doing business with an affiliate in another jurisdiction.P2997.What is the difference between ethnocentric, polycontric, and geocentric pricingstrategies? Which one would you recommend to a company that has global market aspirations?P291-292 PPT240-242pare and contrast the different forms of countertrade.Countertrade occurs when payment is made in some form other than moneyOptions–BarterThe least complex and oldest form of bilateral, non-monetary counter-tradeA direct exchange of goods or services between two parties–Counter-purchase P303-304–Offset–Compensation trading–Cooperation agreements–Switch trading第十章Global Marketing Channels and Physical Distribution1.In what ways can channel intermediaries create utility for buyers?ObjectivesMarketing channels exist to create utility for customers–Place utility -availability of a product or service in a location that is convenient to a potential customer–Time utility -availability of a product or service when desired by a customer–Form utility -availability of the product processed, prepared, in proper condition and/or ready to use–information utility -availability of answers to questions and general communicationabout useful product features and benefits2.What factors influence the channel structures and strategies available to globalmarketers?B2CThe characters of both buyers and products have an important influence on channel design.The number of individual buyers and their geographic distribution, income, shopping habits and different channel approaches.Products characters such as degree of standardization, perishability, bulk, service requirements, and unit price have an impact as well.Channels tends to be longer as the number of consumers to be served increases and the price per unit decreases. Bulky products usually require channel arrangements that minimize the shipping distances and the number of times products change hands before they reach the ultimate customer.B2BAs is true with consumer channels, product and consumer characteristics have an impact on channel structure. Three basic elements are involved: the manufacture's sales force, distributors or agents and wholesalers.Channel strategy in a global marketing program must fit the company's competitive position and overall marketing objectives in each national market.market factors: consumer profiles, market size and location of country.3.What is cherry picking? What approaches can be used to deal with this problem?P323pare and contrast the typical channel structures for consumer products andindustrial products.P340 PPT252-2555.Identify the different forms of retailing and cite an example of each form. Identifyretailers from as many different countries as you can.PPT258-259 P3256.Identify the four retail market expansion strategies discussed in the text. What factorsdetermine the appropriable mode?Organic–Company uses its own resources to open a store on a green field site or acquire one or more existing retail facilitiesFranchise–Appropriate strategy when barriers to entry are low yet the market is culturally distant in terms of consumer behavior or retailing structuresChain Acquisition–A market entry strategy that entails purchasing a company with multiple existing outlets in a foreign countryJoint Venture–This strategy is advisable when culturally distant, difficult-to-enter markets are targeted 7.What special distribution challenges exist in Japan? What is the best way for anon-Japanese company to deal with these challenges?第十一章Global Marketing Communications Decisions:Advertising and Public Relations1.In what ways can global brands and global advertising campaigns benefit a company? P3482.How does the “standardized versus localized” debate apply to advertising?Four difficulties that compromise an organization’s communicat ion efforts–The message may not get through to the intended recipient.–The message may reach the target audience but may not be understood or may even be misunderstood.–The message may reach the target audience and may be understood but still may not induce the recipient to take the action desired by the sender.–The effectiveness of the message can be impaired by noise.。
国际市场营销学试题及答案
国际市场营销学试题及答案一、选择题1. 国际市场营销的核心理念是什么？A. 产品导向B. 顾客导向C. 竞争导向D. 价格导向答案：B2. 下列哪个不是国际市场细分的依据？A. 地理位置B. 人口统计C. 心理特征D. 产品类型答案：D3. 跨国市场进入策略中，哪一项通常风险最低？A. 出口ingB. 特许经营C. 合资企业D. 全资子公司答案：A4. 在国际市场营销中，文化差异可能导致什么问题？A. 产品设计障碍B. 广告传播障碍C. 价格策略障碍D. 所有以上问题答案：D5. 国际市场营销中的PEST分析是指什么？A. 政治、经济、社会、技术B. 产品、企业、销售、交易C. 人口、环境、战略、技术D. 公共关系、教育、战略、技术答案：A二、填空题1. ________ 是指企业将其产品或服务直接销售给国外市场的最终用户。
2. ________ 是一种国际市场进入策略，企业通过与外国公司合作，共同投资并分享所有权、控制权和利润。
3. ________ 是指企业调整其产品、营销组合以适应不同国家市场的需求和偏好。
4. 在进行国际市场调研时，________ 是指对特定国际市场或消费者群体的详尽研究，以了解其特定需求和行为模式。
5. ________ 是指企业在进入国际市场时，面临的来自当地企业或其他国际竞争者的竞争压力。
三、简答题1. 简述国际市场营销与国内市场营销的主要区别。
答：国际市场营销与国内市场营销的主要区别在于市场环境的复杂性和多样性。
国际市场营销需要考虑不同国家的法律、文化、经济和政治环境，以及货币汇率和国际贸易壁垒等因素。
此外，国际市场营销还需要对不同国家的消费者行为和偏好有深入的了解，并相应调整产品、价格、推广和渠道策略。
2. 阐述国际市场细分的作用及其对企业的意义。
答：国际市场细分的作用在于帮助企业更精确地识别和定位目标市场，通过对市场的细致划分，企业可以更有效地分配资源，针对不同细分市场制定差异化的营销策略。
国际市场营销课后答案internationalmarketingplanessayque
国际市场营销课后答案internationalmarketingplanessayqueinternational marketing planDeveloping a Global Vision through Marketing ResearchEssay Questions100. (p. 216) Give the traditional definition for marketing research.Marketing research is traditionally defined as the systematic gathering, recording, and analyzing of data to provide information useful in marketing decision making.101. (p. 216) Discuss the differences between traditional marketing research and international marketing research. Although the research processes and methods are basically the same in traditional marketing research and international marketing research, international marketing research involves two additional plications. First, information must be municated across cultural boundaries. Second, the environments within which the research tools are applied are often different in foreign markets.102. (p. 217) International marketers often collect forms of information not normally collected by domestic marketing researchers. Unisys Corporation gives some guidance as to what forms of information need to be collected in theinternational environment. List and briefly discuss each of the five types of information suggested by the UnisysCorporation model.103. (p. 218 and major section titles for the six) List and briefly characterize the six steps in the research process.The steps are: (a) define the research problem and establish research objectives, (b) determine the sources of information to fulfill the research objectives, (c) consider the costs and benefits of the research effort, (d) gather the relevant data from secondary or primary sources, or both, (e) analyze, interpret, and summarize the results, and (f) effectively municate the results to decision makers. Summaries of the steps can be found in the major sections describing each of the six steps.104. (p. 220-223) There are four major problems with using secondary data in international marketing research. What are these four major problems? Briefly, characterize each problem.The four major problems are: (a) availability of data, (b)reliability of data, (c) parability of data, and (d) validating secondary data. For a brief summary see each of the section titles of the four problem areas.105. (p. 223) As a practical matter, the international marketing researcher should ask four questions to effectively judge the reliability (validating secondary data) of secondary data sources. List those four questions.The four questions are: (a) Who collected the data? Would there be any reason for purposely misrepresenting the facts? (b) For what purposes were the data collected? (c) How were the data collected? (methodology) (d) Are the data internally consistent and logical in light of known data sources or market factors?106. (p. 223-225) Demonstrate the difference between quantitative and qualitative research.In quantitative research, usually a large number of respondents are asked to reply either verbally or in writing to structured questions using a specific response format or to select a response from a set of choices. Questions are designed to obtain specific responses regarding aspects of the respondents' behavior, intentions, attitudes, motives, and demographic international marketing plancharacteristics. In qualitative research, if questions are asked they are almost always open-ended or in-depth, and unstructured responses that reflect the person's thoughts and feelings on the subject are sought.107. (p. 229) Discuss the differences between back translation and parallel translation in international marketing research. In back translation the questionnaire is translated from one language to another, and then a second party translates it back into the original. This process pinpoints misinterpretations and misunderstandings before they reach the public. Back translations may not always ensure an accurate translation because of monly used idioms in both languages. Parallel translation is used to e this problem. In this process, more than two translators are used for the back translation; the results are pared, differences discussed, and the most appropriate translation selected.108. (p. 232) It has been suggested that there are at least seven different uses for the Internet in international research.Assume that you are a marketing director for Ty Beanie Babies and are interested in expanding your pany's phenomenal growth into Asia. What are the seven uses suggested in the textand which of the seven would you propose to use to plish your objective?The seven uses are (a) online surveys and buyer panels, (b) online focus groups, (c) Web visitor tracking, (d) advertising measurement, (e) customer identification systems, (f) e-mail marketing lists, and (g) embedded research. The students could make a case for any or all of the above, therefore, the intent of the question is to get the students to first list and then creatively think about options. Discussion of the seven uses may be found on page 232. If the instructor would like to place additional suggestions or parameters on the question, be sure to do so before assigning the question to students.109. (p. 239, Exhibit 8.3) The text suggests four kinds of pany-agency-customer relationships for managing the cultural barrier in international marketing research. Describe or characterize each of these kinds of relationships and designate which one(s) are better suited for managing the cultural barrier across the chain of munication.The four options are: Option A (pany--agency--customers); Option B (pany--agency--local agency--customers); Option C (pany--subsidiary--agency--customers); and, Option D (pany--foreign agency--customers). The text suggests that Options B and C are best for managing the cultural barrier.Global Marketing Management: Planning and Organization Essay Questions101. (p. 310-312) Briefly, explain the benefits of global marketing.When large market segments can be identified, economies of scale in production and marketing can be important petitive advantages of global panies. Other benefits include: (a) a transfer of experience and know-how across countries through improved coordination and integration of marketing activities, (b) ensures access to the toughest customers, and (c) diversity of markets served carries with it additional financial benefits.102. (p. 311-313) Demonstrate the differences among corporate, strategic, and tactical planning.Corporate planning is essentially long term, incorporating generalized goals for the enterprise as a whole. Strategic planning is conducted at the highest levels of management and deals with products, capital, and research, and long- and short-term goals of the pany. Tactical planning pertains to specific actions and tothe allocation of resources used to implement strategic planning goals in specific markets. Tactical plans are made at the local level and address marketing and advertising questions.international marketing plan103. (p. 315, Exhibit 11.1) List and briefly characterize the four phases of the international planning process.The four phases are: (a) Phase 1--Preliminary analysis and screening (matching pany/country needs); (b) Phase 2--Adapting the marketing mix to target markets; (c) Phase 3--Developing the marketing plan; and, (d) Phase 4--Implementation and control.104. (p. 319, Exhibit 11.2) A pany has four different modes of foreign market entry from which to select. List and briefly characterize each of these modes.The modes are exporting, contractual agreements, strategic alliances, and direct foreign investment. Brief characterizations may be found on page 319 in Exhibit 11.2. More detailed descriptions of each mode may be found in the associated sections found on pages 318-330.105. (p. 32-322) Describe the two basic contractual agreements that most panies follow in their attempt to enter aforeign market.Contractual agreements generally involve the transfer of technology, processes, trademarks, or human skills. The two basic forms of contractual agreements are licensing and franchising. Licensing is associated with patent rights, trademark rights, and the rights to use technological processes in foreign markets. It is a favorite strategy for small and medium-sized panies. Franchising involves offering a standard package of products, systems, and management services.106. (p. 323-324) What is a strategic international alliance (SIA)?A SIA is a business relationship established by two or more panies to cooperate out of mutual need and to share risk in achieving a mon objective. SIAs are sought as a way to shore up weaknesses and increase petitive strengths.107. (p. 325-328) Explain the differences between a joint venture and consortia.A joint venture is differentiated from other types of strategic alliances or collaborative relationships in that a joint venture is a partnership of two or more participating panies that join forces to create a separate legal entity. Consortia are similar to jointventures but have two distinguishing characteristics: (a) they typically involve a large number of participants and (b) they frequently operate in a country or market in which none of the participants is currently active.108. (p. 328-329) You have just been hired as a consultant by Apple Computer to advise them on how to enter the South African market. You have decided that direct foreign investment would be the best mode for Apple to follow at this point in time. Write a one-paragraph memo that outlines the benefits of direct foreign investment in a country.Companies that manufacture locally can capitalize on low-cost labor, avoid high import taxes, reduce the high cost of transportation to market, gain access to raw materials, and gain advantages by being perceived as making an investment in the market (as a way to gain entry).109. (p. 331, Exhibit 11.4) With respect to organizational structures used in international marketing, panies are usually structured around one of three alternatives. Assuming that you were a consultant for ATT who desired to create an organization that was able to merge your organization's expertise and skills with that of Sony's cell phone division so that your new jointventure could enter the Scandinavian market, which of the organizational structure alternatives would make most sense? Comment on why the structure might be a good one to use.international marketing planThe three structures are product, geographic, and a matrix approach. Students could select any of the three options, however, the text suggests that the matrix form is preferable in today's market place. A matrix structure permits management to respond to the conflicts that arise between functional activity, product, and geography. Since the new venture will be a joint venture, the matrix structure might allow both of the panies to bring separate expertise to the table. Since a matrixstructure encourages sharing of experience, resources, expertise, technology, and information, it seem to be a natural in this situation.Products and Services for ConsumersEssay Questions107. (p. 337) Discuss the two dimensions of quality.The two dimensions of quality are market-perceived quality and performance quality. Simply, one dimension deals with how consumers believe the pany, product, or service matches toexpectations of quality. The other dimension, which can be measured, deals with how the product, pany, or service actually performs.108. (p. 339) Describe the process called product homologation.Product homologation is used to describe the changes mandated by local product and service standards. A product may have to change in a number of ways to meet the physical or mandatory requirements of a new market.109. (p. 344-347) Everett Rogers notes that four crucial elements impact the diffusion of new ideas. What are those elements?The elements are (a) an innovation, (b) which is municated through certain channels, (c) over time, and (d) among the members of a social system.110. (p. 350, Exhibit 12.1) Draw and correctly label the product ponent model shown in the text.The model is shown on page 350 (see Exhibit 12.1). Students should include the core, packaging, and support services ponents and the sub-parts of each for full credit.111. (p. 353-355) Consumer services are distinguished byfour unique characteristics. List and characterize each of these four unique characteristics.The characteristics are (a) intangibility--services cannot be touched, (b) inseparability--the service cannot be separated from its consumption, (c) heterogeneous--it is individually produced and is thus virtually unique, and (d) perishability--once created it cannot be stored but must be consumed simultaneously with its creation.112. (p. 356-358) Consumer services face four kinds of barriers as these services are presented to the global market. What are these barriers?The barriers are (a) protectionism, (b) controls on transborder data flows, (c) protection of intellectual property, and (d) cultural requirements for adaptation.113. (p. 358-359, Exhibit 12.2) A successful brand is the most valuable resource a pany has. Comment on why this is true and create an example to illustrate.international marketing planUsing the material on pages 358-359 and including Exhibit 12.2, students should be able to make a case for the value of a brand. To summarize, the brand name passes the years ofadvertising, good will, quality evaluation, productexperience, and other beneficial attributes the market associates with the product. Students may use whatever example they wish, however, it still needs to be appropriate to the material above.114. (p. 363-364) Assuming that you were a new marketing manager for Nike and that your first task was to launch a renewed effort to gain market share in Europe, an Adidas stronghold. Describe the impact that the country-of-origin effect might have on your chances of success.The country-of-origin effect can be defined as any influence that the country of manufacture, assembly, or design has on a consumer's positive or negative perception of a product. Students could discuss stereotypes in the example, mention the difficulties that the U.S. has had with France, the general opinion of American-made products, Nike's publicity as asweatshop broker, or how a home-based rival such as Adidas might react to Nike. If you, as an instructor, would like to set additional parameters for this question, please do so before the exam.International Marketing ChannelsEssay Questions101. (p. 396) Characterize a distribution process.A distribution process includes the physical handling and distribution of goods, the passage of ownership (title), and the buying and selling negotiations between producers and middlemen and between middlemen and customers.102. (p. 397) The Japanese distribution system has four distinguishing characteristics. What are these characteristics? The characteristics are (a) a structure dominated by many small middlemen dealing with many small retailers, (b) channel control by manufacturers, (c) a business philosophy shaped by a unique culture, and (d) laws that protect the foundation of the system--the small retailer.103. (p. 399) How does a manufacturer attempt to control the distribution channel?The manufacturer attempts to control the distribution channel through (a) inventory financing, (b) cumulative rebates, (c) merchandise returns, and (d) promotional support.104. (p. 404) Discuss the impact of the trend from traditional to modern channel structures.The impact of these trends will change traditionaldistribution and marketing systems. While retailing revolution remains in flux, new retailing and middle-men systems will be invented, and established panies will experiment, seeking ways to maintain their petitive edge. Moreover, it is ing more dangerous to think of petitors in terms of individual panies―in international business generally, and distribution systems particularly, a networks perspective is increasingly required. That is, firms must be understood in the context of the mercial networks of which they are a part. These changes will resonate throughout the distribution chain before new concepts are established and the system stabilizes.105. (p. 408) Characterize the difference(s) between agent middlemen and merchant middlemen.The primary difference is that agent middlemen do not take title to the goods they process and the merchant middleman does. Additionally, the merchant middleman normally performs more work tasks that are often general in nature whereas the agent middleman may be more of a specialist.international marketing plan106. (p. 412) Steve Smith has been assigned the task of choosing a foreign market channel that would be mostappropriate for his pany. Assuming that his pany was an automobile pany and he wished to enter the Spanish market, list the four points that were identified in the text as starting places for making the channel selection decision. Be specific with your wording of the points.The points are: (a) identify specific target markets within and across countries; (b) specify marketing goals in terms of volume, market share, and profit margin requirements, (c) specify financial and personnel mitments to the development of international distribution, and (d) identify control, length of channels, terms of sale, and channel ownership.107. (p. 419-421) Channel strategy is thought to have six specific strategic goals. If you were to list these goals for a strategic planner, what would be the six specific goals that the planner should consider?The six Cs of channel strategy are: (a) cost, (b) capital, (c) control, (d) coverage, (e) character, and (f) continuity.108. (p. 396-424) Name and briefly define/describe the five basic points involved in making channel decisions.1. channel decisions - producer's choice of a distribution structure through which goods pass from producer to user. Everycountry market has a distribution structure through which goods pass form producer to user. This structure may have a variety of possible middlmen.2. distribution patterns - the variety of possible distribution paths and distribution channel length through which a product may pass from producer to customer.3. available alternative middlemen - the external middlemen from which specific intermediaries are selected. The middlemen e the means of building and developing the channels for international distribution.4. factors affecting choice of channels - identifying target markets, specifying marketing goals, specifying financial and personnel needs, and identifying control, length of channels, terms of sales, and channel ownership.5. locating, selecting, motivating, terminating, and controlling middlemen - the process of building international distribution requires as a first step locationg prospective middlemen. Selection involves determining which ones can performsatisfactorily. Motivating middlemen may involve financial rewards, psychological rewards, munications, pany support, andcorporate report. Termination is the dismissal of middlemen that have not performed up to standard. Controlling middlemen involves control of the distribution network and includes middlemen meeting standards of performance to insure that product is flowing through desired middlemen.Integrated Marketing Communications and International AdvertisingEssay Questions100. (p. 464) Describe the ponents of integrated marketing munications (IMC).IMC are posed of advertising, sales promotions, trade shows, personal selling, direct selling, and public relations.101. (p. 464) What are sales promotions?Sales promotions are marketing activities that stimulate consumer purchases and improve retailer or middleman effectiveness and cooperation.102. (p. 465) Describe the role of public relations.Creating good relationships with the popular press and other media to help panies municate messages to their publics--customers, the general public, and government regulators--is the role of public relations.international marketing plan103. (p. 470-471) List the seven steps in creating an international advertising campaign.The steps are: (a) perform marketing research, (b) specify the goals of the munication, (c) develop the most effective message(s) for the market segments selected, (d) select effective media, (e) pose and secure a budget, (f) execute the campaign, and (g) evaluate the campaign relative to the goals specified.104. (p. 476) List and describe the steps (stages) in the international munication process.The steps are (a) an information source, (b) encoding, (c) a message channel, (d) decoding, (e) receiver, (f) feedback, and (g) noise. See page 479 for details on each stage.105. (p. 486-493)advertising: newspapers, magazines, radio, television, or direct mail.See pages 486-493 for summaries of each of the mass media forms mentioned. If you wish to give additional instructions for answering this question or set question limits, please do so before assigning the question.106. (p. 470-471) Assume that you are the munications manager for a pany that is seeking to begin amunications process with buyers in a foreign market. Take the steps in the international munications process, list them, and indicate which of the steps will probably present the greatest challenge with respect to munication.The steps are: (a) perform marketing research, (b) specify the goals of the munication, (c) develop the most effective message(s) for the market segments selected, (d) select effective media, (e) pose and secure a budget, (f) execute the campaign, and (g) evaluate the campaign relative to the goals specified. Students should build a case for what they perceive to be the most challenging step. See pages 473 for additional aid.107. (p. 491) Belinda is considering Internet advertising to support her pany's international marketing campaign. She knows the Internet has some limitations as an advertising vehicle. What are the current limitations associated with Internet advertising?In many markets the Internet is limited in its penetration of households. Also, there is petition among Internet marketers for Web surfers.Pricing for International MarketsEssay Questions100. (p. 529) Explain the process called parallel importing.Parallel importing occurs when importers buy products from distributors in one country and sell them in another to distributors who are not part of the manufacturer's regular distribution system. For more information and illustrations see page 531, Exhibit 18.1.101. (p. 532) What is the difference between variable-cost pricing and full-cost pricing.In variable-cost pricing, the firm is concerned only with the marginal or incremental cost of producing goods to be sold in overseas markets. In full-cost pricing, the philosophy insists that no unit of a similar product is different from any other unit in terms of cost and that each unit must bear its full share of the total fixed and variable cost.international marketing plan102. (p. 544) There are two distinct views of what constitutes dumping. Explain each of these views.One approach classifies international shipments as dumped if the products are sold below their cost of production. The other approach characterizes dumping as selling goods in a foreign market below the price of the same goods in the home market.103. (p. 545-549) List and briefly characterize the four formsof countertrade.The four forms are (a) barter--the direct exchange of goods between two parties in a transaction, (b) pensation deal--involves payments in goods and cash, (c) counterpurchase--the seller agrees to sell a product at a set price to a buyer and receives payment in cash; however, a second contract stipulates that the original seller will in turn purchase a like amount of goods from the buyer (or a similar arrangement), and (d) product buy-back agreement--the seller may agree to accept partial payment in manufactured goods from the buyer or the seller can accept full payment in manufactured goods. For additional information and examples see pages 545-549.104. (p. 549) What are the benefits of transfer pricing?The benefits are (a) lowering duty costs by shipping goods into high-tariff countries at minimal transfer prices so that duty base and duty are low, (b) reducing e taxes in high-tax countries by overpricing goods transferred to units in such countries, and (c) facilitating dividend repatriation when dividend repatriation is curtailed by government policy.105. (p. 542) A reasonable price for goods in the home market may more than double in the foreign market. How doeschannel length and transportation costs contribute to the price increase?Channel length is determined by the number of middlemen. Middlemen may increase the price of goods to covertransportation costs and to increase their margins; there is little opportunity for a manufacturer to control retail prices in a foreign country. In addition, transportation costs also contribute to the increase in product costs. Transportation costs include insurance, packing, handling, and shipping charges. Such costs are added to the price of goods to determine the landed cost which es the basis of import tariffs. These costs add to the inflation of the final price of goods.106. (p. 551-553) Discuss the meaning of and nature of cartels. Are these groups beneficial or not? Create an example to illustrate your stance.A cartel exists when various panies producing similar products or services work together to control markets for the types of goods and services they produce. The cartel association may use formal agreements to set prices, establish levels of production and sales for the participating panies, allocate territories, and even redistribute profits. The economic role ofcartels is debatable, but their proponents argue that they eliminate cutthroat petition and rationalize business, permitting greater technical progress and lower prices to consumers. Many do not agree with this view. See the text on pages 551-553 for additional information and examples.。
国际市场营销学习题及答案
一、单项选择题本大题共15小题,每小题1分,共15分在每小题列出的四个选项中只有一个选项是符合题目要求的,请将正确选项前的字母填在题后的括号内.1.跨国营销是国际营销的发展阶段之一,一般认为该阶段始于A.20世纪50年代B.20世纪60年代C.20世纪70年代D.20世纪80年代2.服务可分为要素性和非要素性两类,下列各项中属于要素性服务的是A.运输B.保险C.劳动力D.咨询3.政府在经济发展中扮演的角色是A.参与者与管理者B.参与者与决策者C.参与者、管理者、决策者D.管理者与决策者4.企业为了明确市场机会或为了明确某一问题的性质、情况和原因等而进行的研究属于A.探索性研究B.描述性研究C.因果性研究D.预测性研究5.在选择目标市场的策略中,不追求在整体市场上占据最大市场份额的策略为A.无差异性营销策略B.差异性营销策略C.集中性营销策略D.分散性营销策略6.在产品生命周期各阶段中,企业需要侧重于加强成本和质量控制,增强、维护产品和商标信誉的阶段是A.投入期B.成长期C.成熟期D.衰退期7.在波士顿矩阵分析法中,销量增长快、市场占有率低的产品称为A.金牛产品B.明星产品C.问题产品D.瘦狗产品8.企业在选择服务水平时,除了服务水平的适应性外,还要考虑的一个因素是服务水平的A.经济性B.选择性C.独创性D.竞争性9.在国际市场进入模式中,以"新产品-新需求-国际市场"为基本格局的是A.市场渗透型模式B.产品开发型模式C.市场开发型模式D.多种经营型模式10.按国际上的通常定义,下列项目中不属于服务产品的是A.保险B.运输C.旅游D.技术专利11.在商品价格构成要素中,最基本、最主要的因素是A.价值B.成本C.利润D.边际效用12.收购和创建是跨国公司对外投资的两种方式,与收购相比,创建这种方式的优点是A.有利于迅速进入市场B.有利于扩大经营范围C.有利于管理D.失败率低13.企业的定价目标的基本类型有A.利润目标、竞争目标、发展目标B.利润目标、市场目标、竞争目标C.利润目标、市场目标、发展目标D.利润目标、市场目标、发展目标14.国际促销的实质是信息沟通的过程,在这个过程中,接收和理解信息的环节是A.编码B.信息渠道C.解码D.反馈15.国内出口中间商类型很多、特点各异,其中不拥有产品所有权的出口中间商是A.国际贸易公司B.出口直运批发商C.出口经营商D.国外设在本国的常驻采购商二、多项选择题本大题共10小题,每小题2分,共20分在每小题列出的五个选项中有二至五个选项是符合题目要求的,请将正确选项前的字母填在题后的括号内.多选、少选、错选均无分.16.国际营销的特殊性主要表现在A.竞争激烈B.经营复杂C.手段多变D.风险及难度大E.利润高17.出口控制的类型有A.出口国控制B.出口产品控制C.出口价值控制D.出口价格控制E.出口品牌控制18.国际营销的法律环境包括A.企业所在国的法律B.东道国的法律C.企业内部规章制度D.国际协议和国际组织E.合同19.国际市场微观细分的要求是A.可衡量性B.可接近性C.稳定性D.足量性E.可实施性20.产品组合一致性是指各产品线在下列哪些方面的相似或相近程度A.最终用途B.目标市场C.分销渠道D.工艺与原料E.成本与价格21.新产品战略的一般模式有A.保持地位战略B.革新战略C.放弃战略D.冒险战略E.多元化战略22.许可贸易是国际技术产品营销的重要形式,把许可协议分为独占许可协议、排它许可协议的依据是A.使用技术的地域范围B.使用权的大小C.使用费的高低D.使用时间的长短E.使用技术含量的多少23.在决定和影响跨国公司内部贸易发展的主要因素有A.节约市场交易成本B.增加营销措施C.在世界范围内利用资源禀赋优势D.保护技术秘密E.调整公司资源配置24.国际促销组合的四种主要方式是A.人员推销B.广告C.公共关系D.营业推广E.展览会25.在国际市场营销中,企业通常采用的定价方法主要有A.成本导向定价B.行为导向定价C.需求导向定价D.心理导向定价E.竞争导向定价第二部分非选择题三、名词解释题本大题共3小题,每小题4分,共12分26.国际市场营销研究27.补偿贸易28.转移价格四、简答题本大题共4小题,每小题6分,共24分29.国际市场营销战略规划的主要步骤是什么30.新产品开发的基本程序是什么31.直接出口方式的优点是什么32.简述国际营销文化环境的构成要素.五、案例题本大题共8分33.阅读下列资料,回答文后所列的问题.睡衣风波1997年美国和加拿大之间围绕"古巴睡衣"问题发生了一场政治纷争,而夹在两者之间的是一家百货业的跨国公司——沃尔-马特公司.当时,争执的激烈程度可以从下面的报纸新闻标题中见得一斑："将古巴睡衣从加拿大货架撤下：沃尔-马特公司引起纷争"、"古巴问题：沃尔-马特公司因撤下睡衣而陷入困境"、"睡衣赌局：加拿大与美国赌外交"、"沃尔-马特公司将古巴睡衣放回货架."这一争端是由美国对古巴的禁运引起的.美国禁止其公司与古巴进行贸易往来,但在加拿大的美国公司是否也应执行禁运呢当时,沃尔-马特加拿大分公司采购了一批古巴生产的睡衣,美国总部的官员意识到此批睡衣的原产地是古巴后,便发出指令要求撤下所有古巴生产的睡衣,因为那样做违反了美赫尔姆斯——伯顿法.这一法律禁止美国公司及其在国外的子公司与古巴通商.而加拿大则是因美国法律对其主权的侵犯而恼怒,他们认为加拿大人有权决定是否购买古巴生产的睡衣.这样,沃尔-马特公司便成了加、美对外政策冲突的牺牲品.沃尔-马特在加拿大的公司如果继续销售那些睡衣,则会因违反美国法律而被处以100万美元的罚款.且还可能会因此而被判刑.但是,如果按其母公司的指示将加拿大商店中的睡衣撤回,按照加拿大法律,会被处以120万美元的罚款.问题：1造成沃尔-马特公司困难处境的原因是什么4分2结合案例说明政治环境与法律环境之间的关系.4分六、计算题本大题共8分34.某企业生产出口产品,年固定成本2000000元,每件产品的变动成本为10元,投资收益率为20%,若国际市场定货量是50000件,该产品出厂价格应为多少七、论述题本大题共13分35.结合当前实际谈谈我国企业发展跨国经营的必要性.一、单项选择题本大题共15题,每小题1分,共15分1.C2.C3.A4.A5.C6.C7.C8.A9.D10.D11.B12.D13.B14.C15.C二、多项选择题本大题共10小题,每小题2分,共20分16.ABCD17.ABD18.ABD19.ABDE20.ABCD21.ABD22.AB23.ACDE24.ABCD25.ACDE三、名词解释题本大题共3小题,每小题4分,共12分26.是国际市场营销的一项重要职能,它的任务是有系统、有目的地开发、整理与分析有关国际市场营销方面的信息,提供企业作决策依据.27.是技术输出方向技术输入方提供制造某种产品的技术、机器设备、原材料或零部件、技术服务,在一段时间内,则输入方用进口技术和设备生产的产品或所得的收益偿付输出方的技术与设备价款的贸易方式.28.是指同一跨国公司组织系统内母公司与子公司之间、子公司或分公司彼此之间进行内部交易时采用的价格.四、简答题本大题4小题,每小题6分,共24分29.环境分析；确定目标；确定营销战略与目标市场；确定财务预算；市场营销组合的确定与管理；评价与控制.30.确定新产品战略；新产品组织；新产品构思；新产品评价；新产品的商业化.31.销售及时；节约费用；加强推销；提供服务；控制价格；了解市场.32.物质文化；语言；教育；宗教；价值观和态度；社会组织.五、案例分析题8分33.1是由于东道国加拿大和母国美国政治和法律环境的冲突造成的.2法律环境是由政治环境衍生而来的,国际营销人员应当结合政治环境研究法律环境.六、计算题8分34.目标利润下单位产品价格=总固定成本+单位变动成本×销量+目标利润/销量目标利润=2000000+50000×10×20%=500000元该产品的出厂价格=2000000+10×50000+500000/50000=60元七、论述题13分35.1跨国经营已成为当代国际竞争与合作的重要方式.2是当代科技革命深入发展的客观要求.3地区集团化与贸易保护主义的挑战.4服务产业的国际化发展.5结合我国即将加入WTO的实际加以阐述单项选择题1 、“酒香不怕巷子深”是一种观念.A 、生产B 、产品 C、推销 D 、社会营销2 、生产观念强调的是.A 、以量取胜B 、以廉取胜 C、以质取胜 D 、以形象取胜3 、动机是以注重产品的实际使用价值为主要特征的.A 、求实B 、求名 C、求新 D 、求美4 、型购买行为发生在购买差异性不大的产品的场合.A 、复杂B 、多变 C、习惯 D 、和谐5 、改变消费者对竞争品牌的信念,这是定位.A 、实际的重新B 、心理的重新 C、竞争性反 D 、二次6 、下列组织中, b 不是营销中介单位.A 、中间商B 、供应商 C、银行 D 、保险公司7 、能满足同一需要的各种产品的生产者互为竞争者.A 、愿望B 、平行 C、产品形式 D 、品牌8 、当家庭收入达到一定水平时,随着收入增长,思格尔系数将.A 、下降B 、增大 C、不变 D 、上下波动9 、企业决定生产各种产品,但只向某一顾客群供应,这是.A 、产品/ 市场集中化B 、产品专业化C 、市场专业化 D、有选择专业化10、按照人口的具体变量细分市场的方法就是细分.A 、地理B 、行为 C、心理 D 、人口11、处于的产品,可采用无差异性的目标市场营销策略.A 、成长期B 、衰退期 C、导入期 D 、成熟期12、调查是为了解市场中出现的有关现象之间的因果关系而进行的专题调查.A 、探测性B 、描述性 C、因果性 D 、预测性13、以现有产品开发新市场,这是战略.A 、一体化B 、市场渗透 C、市场开发 D 、产品开发14、利用原有市场,采用不同技术开发新产品,这是战略.A 、产品开发B 、同心多元化 C、综合多元化 D 、水平多元化15、产业用品渠道一般不包括A 、批发商B 、代理商 C、制造商 D 、零售商16、产品价格低,其营销渠道就应.A 、长而窄B 、长而宽 C、短而窄 D 、短而宽17、生产者在某一地区仅通过少数几个精心挑选的中间商来分销产品,这是分销策略.A 、广泛B 、密集 C、强力 D 、选择性18、下列各项中, 不属于产品整体范畴.A 、品牌B 、包装 C、价格 D 、运送19、对现有产品的品质、款式、特点或包装等作一定的改进而形成的新产品,就是新产品.A 、仿制B 、改进 C、换代 D 、完全20、品牌中可以用语言称呼、表达的部分是.A 、品牌B 、商标 C、品牌标志 D 、品牌名称21、品牌就是指一个企业的各种产品分别采用不同的品牌.A 、个别B 、制造商 C、中间商 D 、统一22、在成本费用核算中,总成本费用与总产量之比称为.A 、边际成本B 、平均成本 C、平均固定成本 D、平均变动成本23、若EP ,则降价可扩大产品销售,增加盈利.A 、等于0B 、等于1C 、小于1D 、大于124、在投标定价中,应以时的价格为最佳报价.A 、成本最低B 、目标利润最高 C、中标概率最大 D、预期利润最大25、在衰退期,可采用定价的方法.A 、撇脂B 、渗透 C、驱逐 D 、满意26、工业产品的促销一般多采用的方法.A 、营业推广B 、人员推销 C、公关 D 、广告27、推销结构规定每一个推销员专门负责某一地区的推销.A 、区域B 、产品 C、顾客 D 、复式28、是立足于国内生产的国际营销方式.A 、许可证贸易 B、国际合资经营 C 、在国外装配生产 D、间接出口29、型组织就是在一名总产品经理领导下,再按每个品种分别设一名产品经理,实行分层管理的组织型式.A 、职能B 、地区 C、产品管理 D 、市场管理30、市场的需求具有鲜明的可诱导性.A 、产业B 、中间商 C、政府 D 、消费者多项选择题1 、一个国家的市场营销系统包括等流程.A 、资源B 、人员C 、货物和劳务D 、信息 E、货币2 、是市场导向的市场营销观念.A 、生产观念B 、产品观念C 、推销观念D 、市场营销观念 E、社会营销观念3 、影响消费者购买行为的心理因素包括.A 、需要和动机B 、感觉和知觉 C、学习和态度 D 、教育程度 E、记忆4 、消费者的信息主要有等几个方面的来源.A 、商业B 、间接 C、个人 D 、大众 E 、经验5 、产业用户购买中心是由等人员组成.A 、实际使用者B 、影响者 C、采购者 D 、决定者 E、信息控制者6 、分析营销环境的根本目的是.A 、扩大销售 B、对抗竞争 C、寻求营销机会 D、避免环境威胁 E、树立企业形象7 、社会购买力受到等因素的影响.A 、居民收入B 、币值 C、消费者储蓄 D、消费者信贷 E、消费者支出模式8 、政治法律环境是由那些影响各种组织、个人行为的组成.A 、法律B 、政府机构 C、群体规范 D、传统习惯 E、公众团体9 、市场细分的有效条件是.A 、可衡量性 B、可进入性 C、可获利性 D、长期稳定性 E、全面、综合性10、营销战略任务的确定应考虑等因素.A 、企业历史上的突出特征 B、环境变化 C、企业资源 D、企业的特有能力E 、企业管理当局的意图11、企业营销战略有等几种基本形态. A、稳定战略 B、拓展战略 C、收割战略 D、撤退战略 E、多元化战略12、考察一个中间商,需要综合、考虑其等因素.A 、经营能力 B、所有制结构 C、所在区域 D、经营水平 E、周转能力13、开拓营销渠道的策略大致有.A 、自筑B 、促销拉引 C、通融资金 D、借渠过渡 E、优惠特约14、产品整体概念包括.A 、工业品B 、消费品 C、核心产品 D、形式产品 E、附加产品15、新产品构思的来源主要有.A 、顾客B 、竞争者 C、企业生产部门 D、企业销售部门 E、代理商16、企业的产品组合包括等三个因素.A 、广度B 、深度 C、产品线 D、产品项目 E、关联性17、产品价格是由等要素构成的.A 、生产成本 B、流通费用 C、税金 D 、利润 E、广告费18、按谈判双方接触的方式,谈判可划分为谈判.A 、主场B 、客场 C、口头 D 、书面 E、集体19、在我国,营销合同纠纷的处理方式有.A 、权衡B 、协商 C、调解 D 、仲裁 E、诉讼20、促销组合是等手段的综合运用.A 、广告B 、人员推销 C、公关 D 、产品开发 E、营业推广21、人员推销的要素是.A 、推销策略 B、推销人员 C、推销对象 D、推销品 E 、推销费用单项选择题1 、B2 、A3 、A4 、D5 、C6 、B7 、B8 、A9 、C 10、D 11、C 12、C13、C 14、D 15、D 16、B 17、D 18、C 19、B 20、D 21、A 22、B 23、D 24、D 25、C 26、B 27、A 28、D 29、C 30、D多项选择题1 、ACE2 、DE3 、ABCE 4、ACDE 5 、ABCDE 6 、CD 7、ABCDE 8 、ABE 9 、ABC10、ABCDE 11、ABCD 12 、ADE 13、ABDE 14、CDE 15、ABCDE 16、ABE 17、ABCD 18、CD 19、BCDE 20、ABCE 21、BCD 22、ABCDE 23、ACDE 24、ABCDE 25、ABCD26、ABCDE 27、ABCDE 28、ABD一、单项选择题在每小题的四个备选答案中选出一个正确答案,并将其号码填在题干的括号内.每小题1分,共10分1.市场的三要素是指A.买卖双方、可供交换的商品、交易条件B.消费者、购买力、购买欲望C.消费者、购买力、交易条件D.购买者、可供交换的商品、购买力2.欧盟的前身欧共体成立于年.A.1957B.1967C.1979D.19893. 是用来如实反映市场经营状况的一种市场研究.A.探索性研究B.描述性研究C.因果性研究D.预测性研究4.企业考虑进入某一国外市场后对该国的顾客进行的细分,这种含义上的细分叫做A.国际市场细分B.国际市场宏观细分C.国际市场中观细分D.国际市场微观细分5.是否具有 ,是科学理论与技术相区别的重要标志.A.系统性B.实用性C.主观性D.客观性6.服务贸易总协定中规定了两种义务,一种是义务,另一种是具体承诺的义务.A.一般性B.特殊性C.主观性D.客观性7.在世界市场上处于中等竞争地位和市场占有率的企业常采用的战略是战略.A.市场领导者B.市场挑战者C.市场追随者D.市场后起者8. 是指有支付能力和愿意购买某种物品的欲望.A.需要B.需要量C.需求D.需求量9. 在促销时,往往广告用得较少,人员推销用得较多.A.高价消费品B.低价消费品C.高价工业品D.低价工业品10. 是指生产企业通过本国的中间商包括出口商向国外出口.A.直接出口方式B.间接出口方式C.直接进口方式D.间接进口方式二、多项选择题在每小题的五个备选答案中选出二个至五个正确答案,并将正确答案的序号填入题干的括号内.错选、多选、漏选均不得分.每小题1分,共10分1.国际市场营销的形成与发展,大体上经历了A.出口营销阶段B.进口营销阶段C.国际化营销阶段D.跨国营销阶段E.全球营销阶段2.价值观是人们评价事物的标准,国际营销人员分析价值观念时要注意分析等.A.时间观念B.财富观念C.风险意识D.血源关系E.习俗3.市场调查的方法有A.类推法B.询问法C.回归法D.观察法E.实验法4.国际营销战略的基本类型可以从等方面加以区分.A.国际化程度B.国际分工C.市场扩展与定位D.国际竞争E.国际协作5.产品生命周期一般可划分为等几个阶段.A.投入期B.成长期C.成熟期D.过渡期E.衰退期6.国际技术经营形式主要有等.A.许可贸易B.技术咨询服务C.合作生产与合作研究D.补偿贸易E.交钥匙工程承包7.国际服务贸易总协定规定的国际服务贸易自由化的原则主要有等.A.最惠国待遇原则B.透明度原则C.市场准入原则D.承认原则E.国民待遇原则8.在保证资产增值的条件下,跨国公司选择的国外投资目标有等几种.A.资源寻求型B.市场寻求型C.成本寻求型D.机会寻求型E.利润寻求型9.国际市场营销的促销方式主要有等几种.A.人员推销B.广告C.营业推广D.公共关系E.销售推广10.在媒介决策时,主要要考虑等因素.A.媒介的国际性B.媒介的可获性C.媒介的覆盖范围D.媒介的费用E.媒介的质量三、填空题每空格1分,共20分1.企业市场经营指导思想经历了______、______、________、社会生态平衡导向观念的演变.2.国际商业纠纷解决的途径有________、________、________.3.电话调查是市场调查________法的一种.4.“对品牌的偏好”细分标准属于市场细分的________因素.5.以现有产品与现有市场相结合,而使企业成长的战略叫________.6.技术生命周期,指某项特定技术从开发研制出来________开始,到该技术逐渐为社会生产部门所________为止的时间过程.7.跨国公司市场竞争战略有市场________战略、市场________战略、市场________战略、市场________战略.8.某企业生产出口产品,年固定成本为20万元,每件产品的变动成本为50元,若预测国际市场定货量为4000件,其保本点的出厂价应为________元/件.9.大规模促销的最主要促销方式是________.10.销售渠道宽度策略有________、________、________.四、简答题每小题6分,共36分1.简述市场营销学的基础理论.2.简述国际市场信息系统的组成.3.请简述国际营销中的商标决策.4.国际服务商品市场包括的内容主要有哪些5.企业定价目标有哪些6.国际公共关系活动,常见的活动形式有哪些五、论述题每小题12分,共24分1.试分析有效市场细分的条件.2.试分析跨国公司的经营特点.浙江省2002年1月高等教育自学考试国际市场营销学试题参考答案课程代码：00098一、单项选择题每小题1分,共10分1.B2.A3.B4.D5.B6.A7.C8.C9.C 10.B二、多项选择题每小题1分,共10分1.ADE2.ABCE3.BDE4.ACD5.ABCE6.ABCDE7.ABCDE8.ABCD9.ABCD 10.ABCDE三、填空题每空格1分,共20分1.生产导向观念推销导向观念市场导向观念2.友好协商法院诉讼仲裁上述答案的次序可以不同3.询问4.行为5.市场渗透6.投入使用淘汰7.领导者挑战者追随者后起者上述答案的次序可以不同8.1009.广告10.广泛销售策略选择销售策略独家销售策略上述答案的次序可以不同四、简答题每小题6分,共36分1.1市场观念；2市场营销战略；3市场细分化；4消费者行为研究；5市场调查与预测；6市场营销管理.2.1内部记录系统；2市场情报系统；3国际市场研究；4市场运筹学系统.3.1要不要商标；2谁来制定商标3商标产品质量的决策；4统一商标或分散商标5扩大商标范围的决策；6复数商标的决策.4.1从一国的国境向任何其他国的国境内提供的服务；2从一国的国境内向任何其他国的服务消费者提供的服务； 3一国的自然人在任何其他国境内提供的服务；4通过一国向任何其他国境内存在的人与物提供的服务.5.1利润目标；2市场目标；3竞争目标.6.1编写新闻；2举办记者招待会；3散发宣传资料；4策划企业领导人的演讲或报告；5制造新闻事件；6社会捐助活动；7维系和矫正性活动.五、论述题每小题12分,共24分1.1可衡量性；2可接近性；3足量性；4可实施性.每一要点须适当的展开2.1以对外直接投资为基础经营手段；2经营组织地域配置的分散性；3经营环境的跨体制性；4公司内部文化的多样性；5内部贸易与外部贸易的并存.一、单项选择题本大题共20小题,每小题1分,共20分在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的,请将其代码填写在题后的括号内.错选、多选或未选均无分.1. 企业能生产什么就生产什么,能生产多少就生产多少,这种经营观念叫做A. 市场营销观念B. 推销观念C. 社会市场营销观念D. 生产观念2. 社会市场营销观念的基础是A. 生产观念B. 推销观念C. 市场营销观念D. 计划观念3. 在一国国际收支项目中,国际工商企业一般情况下最关注的项目是A. 经常项目B. 资本与金融项目C. 官方储备项目D. 错误与遗漏项目4. 进出口商品经过一国关境时,由政府所设的海关对进出口商品所征的税收称为A. 关税B. 所得税C. 营业税D. 增值税5. 用一组与某产品在潜在需求量密切相关的变量来间接地估计该产品可能的需求量的方法,叫A. 类比估计技术B. 多因素指标技术C. 回归分析技术D. 风险评估技术6. 国际市场营销调研的最后一个环节是A. 问卷设计B. 二手资料搜集C. 数据分析D. 撰写调研报告7. 格特·霍夫施塔德提出从几个方面进行跨文化分析A.2 个B.3 个C.4 个D.5 个8. 欧盟政府部门采购大约占其国内生产总值的A.20%B.25%C.30%D.40%9. 现代市场营销学研究的主要内容是以什么为主的市场营销组合A.3PsB.4PsC.5PsD.6Ps10. 市场细分化是由谁于20世纪50年代提出的营销概念A. 温德尔·史密斯B. 马斯洛C. 霍夫施塔德D. 蒙代尔11. 企业给销往任何市场的产品都制定统一的出厂价格,这种定价法叫做A. 地心定价法B. 竞争导向定价法C. 成本加成定价法D. 标准化定价法12. 倾销是指企业将出口销售价格定得A. 高于“合理的价值”B. 等于“合理的价值”C. 低于“合理的价值”D. 低于生产成本13. 除了那些财力雄厚的企业以外,一般中小企业适宜A. 自己投资建立分销渠道B. 直接将产品销售给最终用户C. 将产品交给政府去销售D. 利用中间商来销售商品14. 一般来说,国际分销渠道的设计直接影响和决定企业对国际市场营销的A. 依赖程度B. 控制程度C. 预测准确程度D. 熟悉程度15. 直接影响企业在公众心目中的形象,影响着企业市场营销目标市场的实现的国际促销方式之一是A. 国际广告B. 人员推销C. 营业推广D. 国际公共关系16. 国际上最古老的、所有的企业都十分重视的促销方式是A. 展览会和交易会B. 博览会C. 商品交易所D. 人员促销17. 有关国际营销的各项经营活动计划的总和,叫做A. 国际营销策略B. 国际营销战略C. 国际营销计划D. 国际营销控制18. 企业要根据对国外市场的分析选择准备进入的国际市场,这就是A. 目标市场选择B. 目标市场定位C. 目标市场细分D. 目标市场调研19. 与市场营销的全球化对应的必然是A. 贸易全球化B. 生产全球化C. 品牌全球化D. 产品组合多样化。
国际市场营销学练习题第10章
国际市场营销学练习题第十章国际市场促销策略一、单选题：1、(A)不是公共关系工作的直接目标。
A.推销产品B.建立和保持企业与公众间的友好关系C.建立和保持企业与公众中的良好形象D.消除顾客的不满意感，并促使自觉购买本企业的产品2、(B)是工业品市场最主要的促销方式A.广告B.人员推销C.销售促进D.公共关系3、在国际营销中，短期效果明显的促销方式是（C）A.广告促销B.公共关系C.营业推广D.联合促销4、产品处于成长期和成熟期阶段所采用的广告策略主要是(B)A.告知性广告B.说服性广告C.提醒性广告D.让利性广告5、企业派出外销人员与消费者或用户直接见面，介绍企业产品并达到销售产品的目的的一种促销活动，叫（C）A．广告促销B．销售促进C．人员促销 D．公共关系6、产品处于导入期时，企业应采用（A）A．告知性广告策略 B ．说服性广告策略 C．提醒性广告策略 D ．促销性广告策略7、国际促销的实质是信息沟通的过程，在这个过程中，接收和理解信息的环节是(C)A.编码B.信息渠道C.解码D.反馈8、促销工作的核心是（B）。
A．出售商品 B．沟通信息C．建立良好关系 D．寻找顾客9、促销的目的是引发刺激消费者产生(A).A．购买行为 B．购买兴趣C．购买决定 D．购买倾向10、下列各因素中，不属于人员推销基本要素的是(C)。
A．推销员 B．推销品C．推销条件 D．推销对象11、对于单位价值高、性能复杂、需要做示范的产品，通常采用(C)策略。
A．广告 B．公共关系 C．推式D．拉式12、公共关系是一项(D)的促销方式。
A．一次性 B．偶然 C．短期 D．长期13、在产品生命周期的投入期，消费品的促销目标主要是宣传介绍产品，刺激购买欲望的产生，因而主要应采用（A）促销方式。
A．广告 B．人员推销C．价格折扣D．营业推广14、一般日常生活用品，适合于选择（C）媒介做广告。
A．人员 B．专业杂志C．电视 D．公共关系15、在广告本身效果的测定中，价值序列法是一种(A)。
(完整版)《国际市场营销学》课后习题答案
1.企业走向国际市场的主要动因是什么？我国企业走向国际市场的动因有哪些特殊性？国内市场需求饱和及市场竞争激烈；国际市场的吸引力；政府鼓励与支持企业出口政策；科学技术发展为企业跨国经营提供物质前提；我国动因：国内市场竞争激烈；国外产品通过各种渠道大量涌入国内市场，使国内市场呈现出饱和状态，企业为实现产品的竞争日益激烈；获取国外先进科学技术及先进的管理技术；利用俩种资源与俩个市场获取国外低成本的生产资源及引进外资；2.什么是国际市场营销？国际营销同国内营销有何联系和区别？国际市场营销是指在一国以上把企业生产的商品或劳务引导到消费者或用户中去的经营活动；一)国际营销与国内营销的联系1．基础的共同性国际营销与国内营销都以经济学的基本原理作为理论基础。
现代管理学、统计学、数学、会计学、社会学、心理学等诸多学科的内容，既可以指导国内营销活动，又广泛运用于国际营销之中。
2．观念的一致性在当代经济活动中，国际营销观念与国内营销观念本质上是一致的，都以“市场观念”作为指导原则，以满足消费者和用户的需求为中心。
所谓满足需求，一是指满足消费者和用户对商品或服务在使用价值上的需求；二是指满足消费者和用户的心理需求。
由于观念的一致性，企业的国内外营销活动也具有一致性，即企业在国内外营销活动中都必须做到：（1）企业生产、销售产品与服务都要有自己的目标市场，即要有特定的用户作为自己的买主；（2）企业提供的产品和服务，不仅在物质功能上而且在价值观念上，都要满足目标市场的需求；（3）企业销售产品与服务在时间、地点、方式、价格等方面，都必须便于顾客购买；（4）及时为顾客提供信息和满意的售后服务，以满足现实顾客和潜在顾客对商品和服务的多种需要。
3．经营的延伸性在经营上，国际营销与国内营销往往存在一定的联系。
就其经营发生的过程来看，国际营销是国内营销的延伸。
粗略说来，企业先从事国内营销，再逐渐发展到国际营销。
也就是说，企业发展国际营销，一般都有一个渐进的过程。
国际市场营销 (第三版)习题答案 项目十
工程十参考答案
【知识测验】一、名词解释
1.国际市场营销计划：国际市场营销计划(International Marketing Planning) 是指
国际企业对本企业在将来一定时期内所要到达的营销目标，以及实现这些营销目标所要采取的方法与手段的决策。
2.国际市场营销组织：国际市场营销组织(International Marketing Organization)
是指按照一定宗旨和系统建立起来的从事国际市场营销活动的集合体,是组织中的一种具体形式。
3.国际市场营销控制：国际市场营销控制(International Marketing Control) 是指
企业对国际营销计划执行过程的监督和评估，纠正计划执行过程中的偏差，旨在保证既定营销目标的实现。
4.全球职能型结构：全球职能型结构是根据管理基本职能组织企业的经营活动, 将企业
划分为生产、营销、研发、财务、人力资源等不同的部门，每个部门由一位副总经理负责该项管理职能在全球范围内的营销活动。
二、填空题1.营销控制2.营销目标3.全球区域型结构
4.地区经理、产品经理
5.确定控制目标三、单项选择题
1.C 2, D 3.B 4. A 5. A四、多项选择题
1.ABE
2. ABDE
3. ABC
4. ABCD
5. ABCD五、判断题
1.正确.错误
2.错误.错误
3.正确。
《国际市场营销学》课后习题答案
1、企业走向国际市场得主要动因就是什么？我国企业走向国际市场得动因有哪些特殊性？国内市场需求饱与及市场竞争激烈；国际市场得吸引力;政府鼓励与支持企业出口政策;科学技术发展为企业跨国经营提供物质前提；我国动因：国内市场竞争激烈;国外产品通过各种渠道大量涌入国内市场，使国内市场呈现出饱与状态，企业为实现产品得竞争日益激烈；获取国外先进科学技术及先进得管理技术；利用俩种资源与俩个市场获取国外低成本得生产资源及引进外资;2、什么就是国际市场营销？国际营销同国内营销有何联系与区别？国际市场营销就是指在一国以上把企业生产得商品或劳务引导到消费者或用户中去得经营活动;一)国际营销与国内营销得联系1．基础得共同性国际营销与国内营销都以经济学得基本原理作为理论基础。
现代管理学、统计学、数学、会计学、社会学、心理学等诸多学科得内容，既可以指导国内营销活动,又广泛运用于国际营销之中。
2．观念得一致性在当代经济活动中，国际营销观念与国内营销观念本质上就是一致得,都以“市场观念"作为指导原则，以满足消费者与用户得需求为中心。
所谓满足需求，一就是指满足消费者与用户对商品或服务在使用价值上得需求；二就是指满足消费者与用户得心理需求。
由于观念得一致性，企业得国内外营销活动也具有一致性,即企业在国内外营销活动中都必须做到：（1)企业生产、销售产品与服务都要有自己得目标市场,即要有特定得用户作为自己得买主;（２)企业提供得产品与服务,不仅在物质功能上而且在价值观念上，都要满足目标市场得需求；(３)企业销售产品与服务在时间、地点、方式、价格等方面,都必须便于顾客购买；(4）及时为顾客提供信息与满意得售后服务,以满足现实顾客与潜在顾客对商品与服务得多种需要。
3。
经营得延伸性在经营上，国际营销与国内营销往往存在一定得联系.就其经营发生得过程来瞧，国际营销就是国内营销得延伸。
粗略说来,企业先从事国内营销,再逐渐发展到国际营销。
也就就是说，企业发展国际营销,一般都有一个渐进得过程。
《国际市场营销》课后习题参考答案
《国际市场营销》课后习题参考答案学习情境一走进国际市场营销一、简述题１．试区分国内市场营销、国际贸易与国际市场营销。
答：（1）国际市场营销与国际贸易的主要区别是：角度不同，范围不同，流向不同，对象不同。
（2）国际市场营销与国内市场营销相比，除了跨国性、异国性、多国性以外，更有复杂性、风险性、激烈性的特征。
２．试讨论国际市场营销学发展的不同阶段。
答：企业国际市场营销的发展同世界经济一体化及本国市场经济的发展是紧密相连的，其发展演变经历了一个过程，即国内市场营销→出口营销→国际市场营销→多国营销→全球营销。
从现实看，众多国家的企业仍处于国际市场营销阶段，少数发达国家的跨国公司已进入全球营销阶段。
３．试述几种国际市场营销观念的区别。
答：在西方国家企业的营销活动中，先后出现了五种营销观念，即生产观念、产品观念、推销观念、市场营销观念和社会市场营销观念。
在市场国际化、全球化、竞争激烈化的发展形势下，国际市场营销新观念也应运而生。
（1）生产观念：生产观念是以产品生产为中心的观念。
（2）产品观念：产品观念也是以产品生产为中心，但它认为：消费者并不是仅关注买得到和买得起的产品，更欢迎那些质量高、性能好、有特色、价格合理的产品。
（3）销售观念。
销售观念是一种以产品销售为中心的观念。
它认为：只要企业努力做好产品推销，消费者就会购买。
（4）市场营销观念。
市场营销观念是一种以消费者的需求为中心的经营思想。
它认为企业的一切活动都应以消费者中心，满足消费者的需求是企业的责任。
（5）社会营销观念。
社会营销观念是一种以社会利益为中心的市场营销观念。
它认为：企业不仅要考虑消费者的现实需求，更要考虑潜在需求；要善于引导消费，在获取效益的同时，还要考虑生态效益和社会效益。
４．你认为中国５００强企业应如何开展跨国营销活动？答：我国企业在国际营销中存在的问题是体制上、观念上等多方面复杂因素相互作用的结果，要解决这些问题，需要政府和企业共同努力采取相应的对策。
《国际市场营销学》课后习题答案讲课稿
《国际市场营销学》课后习题答案1.企业走向国际市场的主要动因是什么？我国企业走向国际市场的动因有哪些特殊性？国内市场需求饱和及市场竞争激烈；国际市场的吸引力；政府鼓励与支持企业出口政策；科学技术发展为企业跨国经营提供物质前提；我国动因：国内市场竞争激烈；国外产品通过各种渠道大量涌入国内市场，使国内市场呈现出饱和状态，企业为实现产品的竞争日益激烈；获取国外先进科学技术及先进的管理技术；利用俩种资源与俩个市场获取国外低成本的生产资源及引进外资；2.什么是国际市场营销？国际营销同国内营销有何联系和区别？国际市场营销是指在一国以上把企业生产的商品或劳务引导到消费者或用户中去的经营活动；一)国际营销与国内营销的联系1．基础的共同性国际营销与国内营销都以经济学的基本原理作为理论基础。
现代管理学、统计学、数学、会计学、社会学、心理学等诸多学科的内容，既可以指导国内营销活动，又广泛运用于国际营销之中。
2．观念的一致性在当代经济活动中，国际营销观念与国内营销观念本质上是一致的，都以“市场观念”作为指导原则，以满足消费者和用户的需求为中心。
所谓满足需求，一是指满足消费者和用户对商品或服务在使用价值上的需求；二是指满足消费者和用户的心理需求。
由于观念的一致性，企业的国内外营销活动也具有一致性，即企业在国内外营销活动中都必须做到：（1）企业生产、销售产品与服务都要有自己的目标市场，即要有特定的用户作为自己的买主；（2）企业提供的产品和服务，不仅在物质功能上而且在价值观念上，都要满足目标市场的需求；（3）企业销售产品与服务在时间、地点、方式、价格等方面，都必须便于顾客购买；（4）及时为顾客提供信息和满意的售后服务，以满足现实顾客和潜在顾客对商品和服务的多种需要。
3．经营的延伸性在经营上，国际营销与国内营销往往存在一定的联系。
就其经营发生的过程来看，国际营销是国内营销的延伸。
粗略说来，企业先从事国内营销，再逐渐发展到国际营销。
《国际市场营销学》参考答案
《国际市场营销学》学员作业参考答案第一单元(第1—4章)作业题参考答案一、单项选择题1．A 2．D 3．C 4．B 5．B6．C 7．D 8．A 9．D 10．B11．D 12．B 13．A 14．C 15．A二、简答题1．答：国际市场营销(International Marketing)简称国际营销，是指在复杂的国际市场环境中，识别和确定国外消费者和用户的需要，并通过提供能满足这些需要的商品和劳务实现企业目标的整体营销活动。
2．答：一、拓宽企业的生存和发展空间，增强企业活力；二、外向型经济发展的需要；三、国外营销环境的吸引力；四、规避国际贸易壁垒的需要；五、利用外国资源、参与国际分工；六、接近市场，使产品更加适销对路；七、实现规模经济的需要。
3．答：企业遇到环境威胁时，一般有三种选择：一是抵抗，即设法限制或扭转不利因素的发展；二是减轻，即努力降低威胁的严重性；三是回避，即主动转移到较有利的其他市场。
4．答：国体；政体；政党制度；政府政策的稳定性；民族主义；行政效率及清廉程度。
5．答：各国关于广告的法律法规很多，归纳起来主要有以下几类：①对广告产品的限制。
②对广告的内容及真实性的限制。
③对于广告媒体的限制。
④对广告对象的限制。
⑤对广告时间的限制。
⑥对于广告税收的规定。
6．答：非关税措施主要有以下形式：进口配额、进口许可证制、政府采购条款、最低限价制、海关程序、各种复杂苛刻的标准与规定等。
7．答：技术环境对营销的影响主要体现在以下几个方面：1．对需求的影响。
2．对产品策略的影响。
3．对交易方式的影响。
4．对营销管理的影响。
5．对竞争战略的影响。
8．答：马斯洛将人们的需求按由低到高的顺序分成5个层次，即生理需求(衣、食、住)、安全需求(人身安全、健康保护)、社会需求(社交活动、归属感、友谊、爱情)、自尊需求(得到社会尊重和承认、自尊心获得满足)和自我实现需求(自我潜能极度发挥、追求理想的实现)。
9．答：1．确认需要、产生购买动机阶段。
国际市场营销学学习通课后章节答案期末考试题库2023年
国际市场营销学学习通课后章节答案期末考试题库2023年1.如果外国企业能加强与东道国在利益上的融合，那么产生矛盾和风险的可能性就会降低。
参考答案:对2.科学技术的发展不仅形成了新产业还改变了人们的消费模式。
参考答案:对3.除了口头表达方式外，还有非语言的表达方式，如体态姿势、面部表情等。
参考答案:对4.国际市场营销活动中可能遇到的最严重的政治风险是（）。
参考答案:没收5.属于大陆法系的国家是（）。
参考答案:法国6.国际市场营销学是（）的应用和发展。
参考答案:市场营销学7.在权力距离指数较高的国家，不同阶层间存在在明显的平等主义，也就是上下级之间的关系没有那么正式。
参考答案:错8.下列与人口数量关系最为密切的是（）。
参考答案:食品9.征用是指东道国政府利用较为隐蔽的手段，逐渐控制外来投资的行为。
参考答案:错10.一个国家的矿产、水力、地形、气候等一切实际及潜在的财富是该国的（）。
参考答案:自然资源11.集体主义文化（较低的IDV指数）反映的是一种以集体为中心的思想，一般强调个人服从集体。
参考答案:对12.生产汽车是否加配空调器，与目标市场的（）直接相关。
参考答案:平均气温13.在低背景文化中，语言包含的信息比高背景文化要少，而大部门信息隐含在沟通接触的过程中，涉及参与沟通人员的背景、所属组织及其基本价值观。
参考答案:错14.如果东道国市场潜力较大，但具有一定的政治风险，外国企业可以通过和当地政府就可能发生的风险提前达成协议，予以规避。
参考答案:对15.政治风险具有很大的不确定性，是不可能预测和防范的。
参考答案:错16.自然资源包括可再生资源和不可再生有限资源，可再生有限资源对国际市场营销决策的影响不大。
参考答案:错17.物质文化包括技术和经济。
技术是指在物质财富创造中应用的工艺，即一个社会群体所掌握的专门技术。
参考答案:对18.研究国际市场经营的实质在于（）参考答案:掌握国际市场的多种营销环境19.采用高新技术开拓国际市场的企业，一般都注重与相关企业建立战略合作关系。
市场营销第十章习题及答案
市场营销学习题第十章产品策略（一）单项选择题（在下列每小题中，选择一个最合适的答案。
）1、企业在考虑营销组合策略时，首先需要确定生产经营什么产品来满足_________的需要。
A．消费者 B．顾客C．社会 D．目标市场2、形式产品是指_________借以实现的形式或目标市场对某一需求的特定满足形式。
A．期望产品 B．延伸产品C．核心产品 D．潜在产品3、延伸产品是指顾客购买某类产品时，附带获得的各种_________的总和。
A．功能 B．利益C．属性 D．用途4、每种产品实质上是为满足市场需要而提供的_________。
A．服务 B．质量C．效用 D．功能5、由于供应品的标准化，顾客对它无强烈的品牌追求，因此，影响顾客购买的主要因素是价格和_________。
A．质量 B．品种C．服务 D．功能6、产品组合的宽度是指产品组合中所拥有_________的数目。
A．产品项目 B．产品线C．产品种类 D．产品品牌7、产品组合的长度是指_________的总数。
A．产品项目 B．产品品种C．产品规格 D．产品品牌8、产品组合的_________是指一个产品线中所含产品项目的多少。
A．宽度 B．长度C．黏度 D．深度9、产品生命周期由_________的生命周期决定的。
A．企业与市场 B．需要与技术C．质量与价格 D．促销与服务10、导入期选择快速掠取策略是针对目标顾客的_________。
A．求名心理 B．求实心理C．求新心理 D．求美心理11、成长期营销人员的促销策略主要目标是在消费者心目中建立_________争取新的顾客。
A．产品外观 B．产品质量C．产品信誉 D．品牌偏好12、新产品开发的_________阶段，营销部门的主要责任是寻找、激励及提高新产品构思。
A．概念形成 B．筛选C．构思 D．市场试销13、产品概念是指能够用文字、图像、模型等予以清晰表述的已经成型的_________，使之在顾客心目中形成一种潜在的产品形象。
国际市场营销学课后答案
单项选择题1.国际市场营销与国内市场营销相比，其表现为：(两者的理论来源和基础相同)2.( C .市场营销观念)是企业经营思想上的一次根本性的变革，被认为是现代市场营销学的“第一次革命”。
3.美国福特汽车公司创办人享利·福特曾说：不管顾客需要什么颜色，我的汽车就是黑色的。
这句话体现的是企业营销的( A 生产观念)。
4.( A《巴黎公约)的保护对象是工业产权，包括发明、实用新型、外观设计等。
5．大多数国家都热衷于“奖出限入”，原因很简单，净出口（出口减进口）是一国国内生产总值的重要组成部分。
另外，出口是很多国家外汇收入的主要来源，有利于保持良好的国际收支，维持本币币值的稳定。
主要的鼓励出口措施有（B 本币升值）6.(B人均国民收入)在一定程度上反映一国的经济发展水平和现代化程度，以及健康、教育、社会福利状况，对评估耐用消费品、奢侈消费品、休闲旅游产品和娱乐产品的市场规模具有重要的作用。
7.( . D交通设施)不属于自然环境因素。
8.以下四项中，( B居民市场)不属于组织市场。
9.人们对商品的品牌、包装、款式、特性等提出的需求属于( A心理需求)。
10.(经济因素)是影响购买这一经济行为的最基本因素。
1.( Ｃ. 抽样调研)就是从被调研对象的总体中，抽取一部分样本单位进行调研，用以推算总体。
它适用于一些使用量大、涉及面广的产品。
2.(Ａ内部报告系统)是企业最基本的信息系统，它以内部会计系统为主，辅之以销售信息系统而组成。
这是一个报导订单、存货水平、销售额、成本、利润、现金流量、应收帐款及应付帐款等等的系统，其中“订单、发货、帐单”的循环是该系统的核心，即销售人员把顾客的订单送至企业，负责管理订单的机构把有关订单的信息送至企业内部的有关部门，然后企业把帐单和货物一并送至购买者手中。
3.(Ｂ国际营销情报系统)是国际市场信息系统的最根本的组成因素，其主要作用是向营销管理人员及时提供外部环境发展变化的有关信息，从而给企业提供改革的动力，、为企业更好地适应外界环境提供基础。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
1.解释下列概念：
进入国际市场的模式：指企业对进入外国市场的产品、技术、技能、管理诀窍或其他资源进行的系统规划。
间接出口：指企业使用本国的中间商来从事产品的出口。
直接出口：指不使用本国中间商，但可以使用目标国家的中间商来从事产品的出口。
合同制造：指企业向外国企业提供零部件由其组装，或向外国企业提供详细的规格标准由其仿制，由企业自身负责营销的一种方式。
BOT：是一种带资承包，即承包者需要负责工程项目的筹资；是一种经营承包，即承包者在完成工程后要负责经营一段时间，待所付投资和应得利润收回后，再转让给工程业主。
直接投资：国际营销企业通过合资或者独资的方式直接在目标国家投入资金等开展营销活动。
间接投资：在国际市场上购买中长期债券，或购买外国上市公司的股票。
当国际企业拥有某公司的股票达到一定比例时，就拥有了对该公司的管理权或控制权，从而实现进入该国市场的目的。
2.什么是进入国际市场的战略因素？一项产品进入一国市场面临哪些决策？
答：①评估产品与外国市场；②确定目标市场；③选择进入市场模式；④制定营销规划。
3.如何对一个国家的市场进行评估？
答：一、对所有国家的市场进行筛选：分析目标国家的消费者与用户的特征；直接估计市场规模；间接估计市场规模；做出接收或放弃决策。
二、评估行业的市场潜力
4.契约进入模式包括哪些形式？各有何利弊？
答：许可证进入模式：其最明显的好处是绕过了进口壁垒；当目标国家货币长期贬值时，制造商可由出口模式转向许可合同模式；其政治风险比股权投资小。
许可证模式同时也有许多的不利方面。
企业不一定拥有外国客户感兴趣的技术、商标、诀窍及公司名称，因而无法采用此模式；这种模式限制了企业对国际目标市场容量的充分利用；它有可能将接受许可的一方培养成强劲的竞争对手，还有可能失去对国际目标市场的营销规划和方案的控制；甚至还有可能因为权利、义务问题陷入纠纷、诉讼。
特许经营进入模式：特许经营进入模式与许可证进入模式优缺点很相似，所不同的是，特许方要给予被特许方以生产和管理方面的帮助。
合同制造进入模式：利用合同制造模式，企业将全部或部分生产的工作与责任转移给了合同的对方，且不用在国外投资建厂，以将精力集中在营销上，因而是一种有效的扩展国际市场方式。
这种模式的优点还在于，实行合同制造的企业不仅可以输出技术或商标等无形资产，而且还可以输出劳务和管理等生产要素，以及部分资本，因而可以比许可证模式和特许经营模式更全面地发挥国际营销企业的要素优势。
但这种模式同时存在如下缺点：一是由于合同制造涉及零部件或生产设备的进出口，有可能受贸易壁垒的影响；二是有可能把合作伙伴培养成潜在的竞争对手；三是有可能失去对产品生产过程的控制；四是有可能因为对方的延期交货导致本企业的营销活动无法按计划进行。
5.合资进入模式和独资进入模式相比各有何利弊？
答：合资经营的好处是：(1)投资者可以利用合作伙伴的专门技能和当地的分销网络，从而有利于开拓国际市场；(2)由于当地资产的参与，可以避免东道国政府没收、征用外资的风险，还可以分享东道国政府对当地合作伙伴的某些优惠政策；(3)由于有当地人参与了股权和经营管理，当地政府易于接受这种模式。
合资经营的主要弊端是：(1)企业难以保护双方的技术秘密和商业秘密，拥有先进技术或营销技巧的国际营销者的这些无形资产有可能无偿地流失到合作伙伴手里，将其培养成为未来
的竞争对手；(2)由于股权以及管理权的分散，合作双方容易发生争端，这将有碍于执行全球统一协调的战略。
同合资进入相比，独资进入模式的好处是：(1)企业可以完全控制整个管理与销售，内部的矛盾和冲突比较少；(2)可以保护国际营销企业的技术秘密和商业秘密，从而保持在东道国市场上的竞争力；(3)企业可以独享在东道国的营销成果，可以独立支配所得利润，从而可以避开合资进入所必须面对的利益分配问题。
独资经营的主要缺陷是：(1)投入资金多，也可能遇到较大的政治与经济风险，如货币贬值、外汇管制、政府没收等；(2)在利用当地原材料、人力资源和销售网络方面不如合资那样便利，且市场规模的扩大容易受到限制。
6.你如何评价互联网的进入模式？
答：电子商务改写了商业世界，让中小企业可以与大企业一起在公平赛场上享有推销品牌的机会，由电子商务推动的互联网经济将会在不远的未来发挥惊人的作用。
虽然互联网尚处在发展初期，但作为一种国外市场进入模式已不容忽视。
7.影响进入模式选择的因素有哪些？
答：影响企业进入国际市场模式选择的因素包括目标国家的市场因素、目标国家的环境因素、目标国家的生产因素、国内因素、企业产品因素和企业资源与投入因素五个部分。
课后案例分析答案提示：
1.试分析爱尔兰联合银行进入国际市场的战略要素。
答：可从①评估产品与外国市场；②确定目标市场；③选择进入市场模式；④制定营销规划这四方面结合案例展开论述。
2.爱尔兰联合银行主要采用了哪些国际市场进入方式？采用这种方式的原因是什么？
答：并购方式。
并购方式见效快、投资相对少，投资回收期短，还可以继续利用被收购银行原有的健全的组织结构、专业技术人才、关系网络和业务渠道等资源，迅速进入新市场开展工作。
同时，可以追求规模经济效应。
3.结合中国目前的金融市场状况，为爱尔兰联合银行进入中国市场写一份可行性研究报告。
答：结合爱尔兰联合银行和中国国情，言之成理即可。