英文字母及字母组合发音规律
英语字母与字母组合的发音规律(区别英音与美音)
类别爆破音摩擦音破擦音清辅音/p/ /t/ /k/ /f/ /θ//s/ /ʃ/ /ʧ/浊辅音/b/ /d/ /g/ /v/ /ð//z/ /ʒ/ /ʤ/2、独立辅音(8个)类别声门擦音近音鼻音边音半元音清辅音/h/浊辅音/r/ /m/ /n/ /ŋ/ /l/ /w/ /j/如果你对英音感兴趣，可以看看英语零基础入门【英式音标】元音的发音特点可概括以下方面:1．[əu ] o在开音节中：发字母音经典句型1. Histories make men wise; poems witty; the mathematics subtle; natural philosophy deep; moral grave; logic and rhetoric able to contend. (Francis Bacon, British philosopher)历史使人明智;诗词使人灵秀;数学使人周密;自然哲学使人深刻;伦理使人庄重;逻辑修辞学使人善辨。
(英国哲学家弗朗西斯.培根)2. If you don't learn to think when you are young, you may never learn. (Thomas Edison, American inventor )如果你年轻时就没有学会思考，那么就永远学不会思考。
(美国发明家托马斯.爱迪生)3. To sensible men, every day is a day of reckoning. ----J. W. Gardner对聪明人来说，每一天的时间都是要精打细算的。
----J. W.加德纳4. Growth in wisdom may be exactly measured by decrease in bitterness. ----Nietzsch智慧的增长可用痛苦的减少来精确衡量。
----尼采5. It is not enough to be industrious, so are the ants.What are you industrious about? ----Thoreau光勤劳是不够的，蚂蚁也是勤劳的。
英语字母和常见字母组合的发音规律
英语字母和常见字母组合的发音规律1、总领：元音字母音多变，熟记规律也不难。
辅音字母显易单，见面就把音来念。
字母组合固定音，千锤百炼习语感。
遇见生词找规律，划分音节顺口连。
元音字母在中间，辅音字母两边站。
字母组合算一个，熟能生巧难亦简。
2、元音字母及字母组合的发音口诀。
元音字母a、o、e、i(y)、u 的发音口诀：
元音字母音多变，熟记规律也不难。
常见的元音字母组合的发音：
字母组合固定音，常受影响发音变，千锤百炼习语感。
3、辅音字母及字母组合的发音口诀。
辅音字母发音口诀：辅音字母显易单，见面就把音来念。
辅音字母组合发音口诀：字母组合固定音，千锤百练习语感。
双写分节不分音：miss apple egg rabbit
1/ 1。
英文字母及字母组合发音规律
solar
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16.-are一般(yībān)[εə] hare ; bare ; dare ; care ; parent
17.-air一般(yībān)[εə] chair ; fair ; hair ; pair ; stair ; repair
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（一）元音(yuányīn)字母a的字 母组合
• 1.ai或ay在重读音(dúyīn)节中 [ei] • rain ; train ; brain ; pain • day ; may ; play ; stay ; lay
• 2.ay在非重读音(dúyīn)里[i]或[ei] • Sunday ; Monday ; Tuesday ;
• 14.a在字母w或wh后面，a发[ɔ] • was ; wash ; want ; what ; (*但water[ɔ:]
第十七页，共67页。
• 15.-ar 重读音(dúyīn)时[a:] • party ; car ; farm ; army ; yard ; hard ;
star • *在字母w或音[w]后面时 [ɔ:] war ; warm ;
volleyball • *-et非重读(zhòngdú)[it] pocket ; ticket ; rocket
第二十四页，共67页。
• 9.-ew 一般[ju:] new ; few ; knew • *-ew 或者(huòzhě)发[u:] grew ; threw • *-ew还可以发[əu] sew • 10.-ege [idʒ] college
英语字母组合发音规律
英语字母组合发音规律1．开音节1）以单个发音的元音字母结尾的单音节。
（单词后面是辅音+元音的结构）例：be he no she we al-so ze-ro pho-to2）以单个辅音字母（r 除外）+不发音的e结尾的音节。
例：mak like exer-cise satel-lite name these bike home excuse like .......* 在重读的开音节中元音字母按字母名称读音。
2．闭音节单个元音字母后面有一个或几个辅音字母组成（r w y 除外），且以辅音字母结尾的重读音节，称为闭音节。
例：map，desk，is。
bag begin fish not cup闭音节结构：元音+辅音或元音+辅音+辅音* 在重读的闭音节中元音字母读做短元音。
音节：音节是读音的基本单位，任何单词的读音，都是分解为一个个音节朗读。
一个元音可构成一个音节，一个元音和一个或几个辅音音素结合也可以构成一个音节。
一般说来，元音可以构成音节，辅音不响亮，不能构成音节。
但英语辅音字母中有 4 个辅音[m]，[n]，[ng]，[l]是响音，它们和辅音音素结合，也可构成音节。
它们构成的音节往往出现在词尾，一般是非重读音节。
①两辅音之间不管有多少个元音，一般都是一个音节。
如：bed 床，bet 打赌，seat 坐位，beat 毒打，beaut 极好的。
②有两个辅音字母时，一个辅音字母归前一音节，一个归后一音节，如：let'ter 信，win'ter 冬天。
如何判断双音节词的重读位置①双音节名词60%以上是第一个音节重读；´stu-dent ´Chi-na ´sec-ond ´au-tumn②双音节动词有90%以上是第二个音节重读。
③含有a- be- de- re- in- ex- 等前缀的双音节词往往是在第二个音节上重读。
双音节词的重读位置不会因增加前缀或后缀而发生改变。
英语中字母组合发音规律
字母或者字母组合在在单词中的发音术语：1.音素：是根据语音的自然属性划分出来的最小语音单位，依据音节里的发音动作来分析，一个动作构成一个音素。
音素分为元音与辅音两大类。
1.1.元音：又称母音，是音素的一种，与辅音相对。
元音是在发音过程中气流通过口腔而不受阻碍发出的音。
英语里元音包括：长元音/ɑ:/ /ɔ:/ / ɜ:/ /i:/ /u:/;短元音/ ʌ/ /ɒ/ /ə/ /ɪ/ /ʊ/ /e/ /æ/;双元音/ɪə/ /eə/ /ʊə/ /əʊ/ /aʊ/ /eɪ/ /aɪ/ /ɔɪ/;1.2.辅音：又叫子音，是指气流在口腔或咽头受到阻碍而形成的音。
英语里辅音包括：轻辅音：/p/ / t/ / k/ /f/ /θ/ /s/ /ʃ/ /ts/ /tʃ/ /tr/ /h/;浊辅音：/b/ /d/ /g/ /v/ /ð/ /z/ /ʒ/ /dz/ /dʒ/ /dr/ / r/;鼻音：/m/ /n/ /ŋ/;半元音：/ j/ / w/;边音：/ ǀ/。
2.音节：是语言中单个元音音素和辅音音素组合发音的最小语音单位，单个元音音素也可自成音节。
2.1开音节：以发音的元音字母结尾的音节。
2.1.1绝对开音节：单个发音的元音字母后面没有辅音字母的音节。
2.1.2相对开音节：单个元音字母后面加大于或等于一的辅音字母(r除外），再加一个不发音字母e构成的音节。
2.2闭音节：以辅音结尾的音节。
3.重读：是单词中有一个音节是读的比较重和清楚的。
在音节多于一个的单词中,要重读其中一个音节。
重读音节发音较重,语速较慢,大多数情况下音调更高。
4.弱读：是指元音不发饱满,有时候也把辅音音素省略的情况。
单个字母在单词中的发音一、a字母在单词中的七种发音1.在开音节中一般发long a /ei/比如，name，take, make2.在闭音节中一般发short a /æ/比如，cat, fat, bat3.在非重读音节中，会发成弱音/ə/比如，about, alone独自4.在w, wh后边发成/ɒ/比如，wash, what，wallet钱包，watch手表5.在s, st, sk, sp, f, ph, th前发/ɑː/比如，class, fast, ask, grasp, graph图表, father, 6.在非重读音节中，后面是ge结尾时，读/ɪ/ village村，image形象7.特殊情况发/e/比如，any，many二、c字母在单词中三种发音1.一般情况发/k/比如，car, cup, coat2.在字母i, e, y前发/s/比如，city, ice, cycle3.在字母组合ia, io等前发/ʃ/比如，social, delicious三、e字母在单词中五种发音1.在开音节中发字母本身long e音/iː/比如，he, eve, chinese中国人2.在闭音节中发/e/比如，bed, let, desk3.在相对开音节（元+辅+e或辅+元+辅+e）中，不发音比如，use, ate(吃，过去式), make, take, name4.在弱读音节中发/ɪ/比如，basket，beside在……旁5.在弱读音节中发/ə/比如，moment时刻，camera相机，parent父母四、i字母在单词中五种发音1.在开音节中，发字母本身long i音/aɪ/比如，bike, ride, hide2.在闭音节中，发/ɪ/比如，big, gift, fit3.在弱读音节中，发/ə/比如，holiday, family, april4.特例：在有些闭音节中，也发/aɪ/比如，mind, fine, behind, blind失明的，盲的, mild不严重的，轻微的；, wild（动植物）自然生长的，野生的, child5.特例：在有些开音节（辅+元+辅+不发音e）发/aɪ/比如，live, give五、l字母在单词中的三种发音1.元音前发/l/,似汉语“乐”比如，like, lake, leave, live2.元音后发/l/,为l名称音尾音比如，hill, tell, help, mile3.个别单词中不发音比如，calm平静的，half一半六、o字母在单词中七种发音1.在开音节中，发字母本身long o音/əʊ/比如，go, no, close, note2.在闭音节中，发/ɒ/比如，hot, dog, clock3.在弱读音节，发/ə/比如，today, second第二，melon瓜4.特例：在弱读音节中，发/əʊ/比如，photo照片，potato 第二个o发音5.在wh后，发/uː/比如，who, whoes谁的（疑问代词）, whom谁（who 的宾格）6.字母在m、n、ve，th前边，部分单词发/ʌ/比如，come, some，month, monkey, love, dove 鸽子，mother, brother7.在son字母给合弱读时，不发音比如，season, person, reason七、u字母在单词中九种发音1.在重读开音节中，发字母本身long u音/juː/比如，music, cute, Duke公爵2.在重读音节中，且在字母j、l, r后边，发/uː/比如，jucie, lunar月亮的，rude粗辱的、无礼的3.在闭音节中，发/ʌ/比如，but, nut, ugly4.在闭音节，“推拉放满”单词中，发/ʊ/这些单词是：push, pull, put, full5.在弱读音节中，发/ə/比如，unless, bonus奖励，autumn秋天6.在弱读音节中，发/juː/比如，university大学，occupy占据7.在弱读音节中，一般在un组合中，可能发/ʌ/比如，unhappy, unusual不寻常，unlucky8.特殊情况，部分单词发/ɪ/比如，minute分钟，busy繁忙的9.特殊情况，部分单词发/jə/比如：aubulance救护车，popular流行的八、单词+s在单词中的发音1.单词以清辅音结尾+s，发/s/比如，books, maps2.单词以浊辅音、元音结尾+s，发/z/比如，bags, bees3.单词以t结尾+s, 发/ts/比如，cats, hats4.单词以d结尾+s, 发/dz/比如，hands, birds九、字母x在单词中的发音1.当x在词尾，或者x两边一个是辅音，一个是元音时，发/ks/比如，relax, relax2.当x两边都是元音字母时，发音会浊化，变成/gz/比如，example例子，exam考试十、字母y在单词中发音1.词首小y很午意，自信比耶/j/ /j/ /j/比如，yes, yogurt, your2.前有元老大，词尾小y怕，只敢/i/ /i/说话比如，city, happy, crazy3.元音老大不在，小y跑来替代，一喊它就唉/aɪ/ 比如，my, fly, cry双字母组合在单词中的发音一、ai组合在单词中的4种发音1.小a小i排排站，a站前面a发音/eɪ/ 比如，fail, rain, faith信心2.再次反对说/e/比如，again, against反对，said3.非重读，发白鹅/ə/比如，mountain, certain，Britain英国4.少数非重读也爱喊口号/ɪ/2/ɪ/比如，captain, plantain车前草二、al组合在单词中的4种发音1.在l, k前发/ɔː/比如，wall, tall, talk2.在f, m前发/ɑː/比如，half, calm ,palm手掌，手心3.特殊发/ɔːl/比如，salt, also, always三、ar组合在单词中发音1.ar前面我w当先，ar骄傲/ɔː/(ar在w后边发/ɔː/)比如，warm, warn警告，war2.ar前面没有我w，被人踩到小草芽r/ɑː/比如，car, large, farm3.ar若在非重读，常发白鹅/ə/比如，sugar, dollar美元，similar相似的四、au组合在单词中发音1.au最爱发长音/ɔː/（一般情况下发/ɔː/）比如，August, autumn, faucet水笼头2.英式偶尔也发短音/ɒ/比如，sausage香肠，because, Australia澳大利亚3.遇到罢课姨爱大笑/ɑː/（特殊单词发/ɑː/）aunt, laugh五、aw组合在单词中发音1.小a后面我w保护，小a 骄傲/ɔː/比如，law, saw, dawn黎明，hawk鹰，claw爪，draw, awesome很好，strawberry1.小a小y排排站，a站前面a发音/ei/(一般情况发/ei/)say, day, May, pay, delay延迟, play2.特殊还有一个特殊发音/e/says/sez/七、ea组合在单词中发音1.小e小a排排站，e站前面e发音/iː/比如，tea, read, eat2.少数闭音节中哎哎生闷气/e/比如，bread, head, weather3.休息时吃牛排真棒break, steak牛排, great4.这个地区建剧院真是好主意！/iə/area地区，theather剧院，idea八、ee组合在单词中发音两只白鹅做游戏，比赛谁来争第一（ee组合只有一种发音/iː/）比如，bee, fee费用，beef牛肉，see, need, keep, deep, green.1.er被关词中间，3天只吃2粒米，饿/ɜː/(在重读音节中，读/ɜː/)比如，term, aler警觉的，perfect完美的2.词尾er常发/ə/(在非重读音节中，读/ə/)farmer, after, cover十、ew组合在单词中发音1.ew相互嫌弃，总喊“怎么又是你you”/juː/比如，new, few, hew砍，nephew侄子2.ew害怕辣椒炒内（l, j, r, ch）因为它总被辣的呜呜哭/uː/比如。
(完整版)史上最全的英语字母组合发音规律
英语字母组合发音规律1 元音:1) [i:] 字母组合:ee ea e iethree tree green sheep meet beef see seekeat tea meat leave lead teacher team mean speak clean pleasehe she mepiece receive ceiling2) [i] 发音字母i y esit picture it is list six mix fix fit pig big build missmyth many twenty happy dictionarydefect decide delicious3) [æ]发音字母abag hand and ant happy hat map mad bad black back glad flag shall ma n4) [e] 字母组合ea e ahead bread pleasureelephant electric remember sell shell lesson better bed desk hotel yes many any5) [ə:] 字母组合ir ur ear ur orgirl shirt skirt thirty thirteen third birdturn burn murder nurse turtle Thursday burgerlearn earn earth heardterm her nerd servework worm word world6) [ə] 字母组合er or ou ar o a e uteacher leader remember player speaker farmer powderdoctor actor mayor author tractordelicious gracious pleasurefamiliar collar dollartogether tomorrow today shallop lesson Washington control polite around account ago elephant manta banana Canada Japan chinamen listenfamulus Saturday7) [a:] 字母组合ar acar farm card arm gardenfast class last glass plant aunt calm8) [ʌ] 发音字母u o ou ooup supper lunch fun gun hunt cup buscome mother does brother love abovetrouble rough flourishblood flood9) [ɔ:]字母组合al or au our arsmall wall talk tall hall ball call walkshort more lord horse for forty sport door floor storeauthor caught autumnfour mourn court boughtwarm quarrel quarter10) [ɒ] / [ɔ]发音字母o ahot lost lot fox box mop hop loss collar notwant wash11) [u:] 字母组合oo o ufood moon room gloom broom doom goose toothshoe do twotrue truth blue full12) [u] 字母组合oo ou u olook good foot bookshould couldput full bull pull pushwomen whose13) [ei] 发音字母a ay ea ai eyname cake late gate plane Aprilplay say may waygreat breakrain paint plainthey grey14) [ai] 发音字母i ybike fine find die nine light night highmy try fly eye15) [au] 字母组合ou owhouse out flour ground account count sound loud around mouseflower down now cow how town16) [əu] 发音字母o ow oahome cold go no phone host ghostknow low below grow blow show flowboat coat goal17) [ɔɪ] 字母组合oy oiboy toy joyoil soil voice choice18) [iə] 字母组合eer ea, ear,ea, ear, er, ierbeer deer ear idea near here fierce19) [eə] 字母组合ear airpair bear chair air fair care there where20) [uə]tour poor2 容易混淆的元音[æ] [e]bad bed hand head man men land lend pan pen sad said[i：] [ei]real rail greet great mean main read raid[e] [ai]bet bite red write said side head hide[au] [ɔ:]house horse loud lord south sauce cloud clause now nor count corn[au] [ʌ]found fond down done gown gone town ton3辅音1) [p] pen pear play pig pour pull push2) [b] book big boot bike bread break3) [t] tree two ten ton town twenty city4) [d] door dull desk dose do dog dictionary5) [k] king kite key look cook book kitchen sky (发音字母k)card cat cream correct climb come account accept (发音字母c)fox box oxygen x-ray (发音字母x)school schedule schema (字母组合ch)6) [g] girl good goal goat grade long language7) [m] man make moon morning move come comb8) [n] pen ten nine fine night noon moon clean9) [ŋ] uncle bank English think thank junksing king morning evening10) [l] long land lend lord fly flag blackworld cold could goal soul11) [r] read red right run room write12) [f] five fly fine flag frog fog roof knife life wifecough laugh rough physic photo phone13) [v] very evening even every voice vest14) [s] six sit student same seat kiss miss case scarf (发音字母s) license city cease cedar ceiling celebrate (发音字母c)licence piece juice science lance space ace (字母组合ce)15) [z] zoo zebra zero zapclose nose hose suppose pause those whose16) [θ]think thank three thirty tooth mouth17)[ð]that this those these though18) [ʃ] sheep shoulder ship shoe she brush wash nation attention stationsocial specialsure19) [ʃə] pleasure20) [h] hot hop home house horse how who21) [w] when what where window wind wood22) [j] yes year yell you your yolk yellow23) [tʃ] child chicken china chair lunch ouch catch teach24) [dʒ] age language cabbage vegetable stage bridge joy enjoy join July June junk25) [tr] tree country try treat track trunk26) [dr] dry dream drop drive drink27) [ts] students boots boats goats nuts28) [dz] goods woods moods hoods4容易混淆的辅音[v] [w]vest west vet wet vine wine very well[s] [θ]sink think mass math miss myth sort sought[z] [ð]close cloth breeze breathe[n] [ŋ]thin thing sin sing ran rang ban bang win wing添加一点:9) [ɔ:]字母组合al or au our ar awsmall wall talk tall hall ball call walkshort more lord horse for forty sport door floor storeauthor caught autumnfour mourn court boughtwarm quarrel quarterdraw saw flaw23) [tʃ] child chicken china chair lunch ouch teach (字母组合ch）catch watch match （字母组合tch)5 字母，组合音节发音规律1）a [ei] [æ] [ə] [a:] [ɔ:]late private grade bake grape nation station page active hand bank fan parent family glad flag accept about above formative machine cinema fast last glass class past fatherwash what watch want2）e [i:] [e] [i] [ə] 不发音appreciate extremely secret she me heletter left message generate pebbledecide pretty previous result restoreproblem prosperous student confidentactive table late wife store lecture3）i [ai] [i]high price library ice cream wife size linefist pick chicken piano fiancé city unit4）o [əu] [u:] [ʌ] [ə] [ɔ]lode host cold note okay old homelose do who whose provelove some other mother honey companytoday tomorrow together control collectlost hot mock office soft honest5）u [ju] [u] [ʌ] [ə]university refuse unique universe huge put push pull full bullbut brush bucket duck bubblesupport suggest6）c [k] [s]country camp camera courage cablecity ceiling celebrate cell cease7）g [g] [dʒ] [ŋ]girl grade glass glade bag flagvillage vegetable bridge gentleman gym long song sing morning evening8) l [l] 读音不同listen learn language collect English gorilla world cold soil tall sell cool animal9) n [n] [ŋ]moon night noodle numberuncle hungry angry young10) r [r] [[](美语发音)right read write grade progresscard board door floor form north11）y [j] [i] [ai]yellow year yell young yolkuniversity country pretty happydyke dying fly buy by my12）ar [a:] [ə] [ɔ:]farm card garden markdollarwarm quarrel quarter13) ea [i:] [e] [ei] [iə]cease season breathe feature meat please bread breast breath meadow weather great breakidea realize14) ear [ə:] [iə]learn earth earn heardhear near clear ear fear15) er [ə:] [ə] [iə]deserve serve her personteacher driver anger singerserious experience mysterious fierce16）ere [iə] [εə]here mere fere serethere17) ir [ə:] [ai]shirt girl skirtadmire desire18) oo [u:] [u] [ʌ] [ɔ:]room tool cool moon noon goof foodgood foot stood wood wool cook wood book blood flooddoor floor19) or [ɔ:] [ə:] [ə]short form corn born forwork world worm word worsttractor doctor actor sector senior senator20) oor [ɔ:] [uə]door floormoor poor boor21) our [uə] [ɔ:]hour tour flour bourn lourpour court four mourn22) ou [au] [ʌ] [ə]house mouth mouse sound foundenough trouble touchdelicious gracious prosperous23) ow [əu] [au]window meadow know show lownow town how down cow24) se [z] [s]nose suppose gose lose pose rosemouse house25) th [θ] [ð]thank think thought clothclothes that this then than26) sion [ʃən] [ʒən]propulsion tension progression passionprotrusion provision conclusion television27) tion [ʃən] [tʃən](不常见)station nation translation attentionquestion6关于语音的几个概念:Phonics 是一种(方法), 是教育学习者从字母排列中去拼读出单个字来.AHD表示美语发音,The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Langua ge（简称AHD）KK音标是一套(注音符号系统),是由John Samuel Kenyon 和John Albert Kno tt两位美国学者共同编著的发音词典A Pronouncing Dictionary of American19 56中用于标注美式发音的符号系统, 这是一套最常用的也是最权威的注音法，从此人们把美语标准发音惯称为KK音标。
英语国际音标常见字母组合发音规律(通用)
英语国际音标常见字母组合发音规律单元音：（12个）1、/ i:/1、字母e在开音节中：be, he, we, these, meter, eve2、字母i的特殊发音：police, machine3、字母组合ee ：sweep, between, sleep, feel, feed, cheese, bee,see, tree, three4、字母组合ea：please, weak, leaf, wheat, dream, beach, tea, seat,read5、字母组ie ：field, thief6、字母组ei ：receive7、字母组ey：key8、字母组合e-e：these, Chinese2、/ ɪ /1、字母a在弱读中：village, palace, necklace2、字母e在弱读中：basket, behind, subject, forest, toilet, wallet,pocket3、字母i在闭音节中：fifty, English, picnic, it, is, six, this4、字母i在开音节中的特殊发音：practice, rabbit 但possible 发音为/ ə /5、字母i在“ve”前：live, give6、字母u的特殊发音：busy, business7、字母组合ai 弱读：captain8、字母组合ie：cookie9、字母组合ay 弱读：Sunday, Monday10、字母组合ey ：monkey, money11、字母y 弱读：sorry, baby, very, study, fifty3、/ e / 1、字母a的特殊发音：many, any2、字母e在闭音节中“e”发短音；left, leg, when, check3、字母组合ea ：bread, heavy, head, ready, weather4、/ æ /1、字母a在闭音节中：that, man, rabbit, panda, cat, cap2、字母a在“ve”前：have5、/ ɜ:/ 1、字母组合or在字母“w”后：work, word, world, worker2、字母组合er在重读音节中：her, term, person3、字母组合ir：girl, bird, third, shirt, skirt4、字母组合ur：turn, nurse, surf, Thursday5、字母组合ear：earth, early,learn, search6、/ ə / 1、字母a在弱读：banana, England, elephant, machine2、字母e在弱读中：moment, even, happen3、字母o在弱读中；tonight, melon, police, collect4、字母u弱读中：success5、字母组合ou：famous6、字母组合or在弱读中：forget7、字母组合er做后缀时：under, teacher, ruler, brother, sister, father, mother, supper8、字母组合er在弱读中：western, desert7、/ɑ:/ 1、字母a在字母“n”前：dance, can’t, answer, banana2、字母a在字母“s”“ss”前：ask, basket, class, glass, last, grass3、字母a在“th”前：father, path4、字母组合ar：hard, car, large, garden, park5、字母组合al特殊发音：half6、字母组合au特殊发音：laugh7、字母组合are：are8、字母组合ea r：heart8、/ ʌ / 1、字母o在“m, n, th”前：come, some, son, Monday, monkey,money, brother, mother但tomb / u:/2、字母o特殊发音：does, love, colour3、字母u在闭音节中；sun, duck, uncle, fun, cup, much4、字母组合ou / ʌ /：young, country, cousin5、字母组合oo / ʌ / 特殊发：blood9、/ɔ:/1、字母组合ough /ɔ:/：bought, thought2、字母组合or 的一般发音：for, short, horse, forty, morning3、字母组合ar /ɔ:/ 在字母“w”或音标/w/后：war, quarter4、字母组合al /ɔ:/ 一般发音：wall, tall, ball, fall【注：字母组合al /ɔ:l/特殊发音also,always】5、字母组合oor /ɔ:/：floor, door6、字母组合ore /ɔ:/：before, more7、字母组合our /ɔ:/：four, your8、字母组合au /ɔ:/：August, autumn9、字母组合aw /ɔ:/：draw, law10、/ ɒ / 1、字母a在“w”前“wh”后：what,want, watch, wallet, 但：water /ɔ:/2、字母o在闭音节中：doctor, office, off, not, box, long3、字母组合au / ɒ / 特殊发音：because11、/ u:/ 1、字母o在“wh”后：who, whose2、字母o的特殊发音：move, do, two3、字母u在“l”前后：blue, ruler4、字母u的特殊发音：June, true5、字母组合ou：group, soup, through6、字母组合oo 的一般发音：afternoon, room, zoo, moon,school, noodle, tooth, too7、字母组合oo的特殊发音：food8、字母组合ew的特殊发音：drew12、/ ʊ / 1、字母u的特殊发音：put, push, sugar, full2、字母组合oo，一般在字母“k, d, t”前：book, look, good, foot, cook, wood 除了food3、字母组合oo / ʊ / 弱读中：classroom, bedroom, cookie双元音：（8个）1、/eɪ/1、字母a在开音节中“a”发字母本音：name, page, date, lazy,cake, face (以及单词：paper, baby, table)2、字母组合ea /eɪ/：great, break3、字母组合ai一般情况下：train, rain, tail4、字母组合ei /eɪ/：eight, eighth5、字母组合ay /eɪ/ 在重读中：day, today, play6、字母组合ey /eɪ/：they2、/aɪ/1、字母i在开音节中：invite, bike, like, nice, time (以及单词：driver, Friday)2、字母i在“nd”前：kind, behind, find, China3、字母组合ie /aɪ/：die, lie4、字母组合ei /aɪ/ ：either5、字母组合i(gh) /aɪ/：high, light, right, night6、字母y在重读音节中：my, why, sky, by, fly3、/ɔɪ/1、字母组合oi：noise, join, oil, toilet, coin2、字母组合oy：boy, toy, enjoy4、/əʊ/1、字母“o”在开音节中：nose piano, home, those, go, no, so,over2、字母o在字母“ld”前。
英语国际音标常见字母组合发音规律(通用)
英语国际音标常见字母组合发音规律单元音：（12个）1、/ i:/ 1、字母e在开音节中：be, he, we, these, metre, relay, recycle, eve2、字母i的特殊发音：police, machine3、字母组合ee ：sweep, between, agree, sleep, seen, feel, feed, cheese, keeper, bee, see,tree, three4、字母组合ea：please, (New) Zealand, weak, leaf, wheat, bleat, dream, disease, beach,least, tea, seat, read5、字母组ie ：field, believe, thief, piece6、字母组ei ：receive7、字母组ey：key8、字母组合e-e：Pete, mete, these, Chinese2、/ ɪ / 1、字母a在弱读中：village, passage, palace, necklace, encourage2、字母e在弱读中：ticket, basket, behind, enjoy, business, subject, refuse, repair, replay,forest, toilet, wallet, racket, pocket, result,3、字母i在闭音节中：bring, did, ill, pick, fifty, English, ticket, village, picnic, pumpkin,tourist, riddle, it, is, six, this4、字母i的特殊发音：practice, opposite, practice, cousin, rabbit 但possible发音为/ ə /5、字母i在“ve”前：live, give6、字母u的特殊发音：busy, business7、字母组合ai 弱读：mountain, captain8、字母组合ie：cookie9、字母组合ay 弱读：Sunday, Monday10、字母组合ey ：monkey, money11、字母y 弱读：sorry, baby, lucky, any, very, study, fifty3、/ e / 1、字母a的特殊发音：many, any2、字母e在闭音节中“e”发短音：bell, left, leg, when, went, check, invent, unless, collect3、字母组合ea ：bread, heavy, head, ready, death, already, instead, feather, leather, weather4、/ æ /1、字母a在闭音节中：that, ladder, matter, man, rabbit, panda, bank, channel, cat, cap,back2、字母a在“ve”前：have5、/ ɜ:/ 1、字母组合or在字母“w”后：work, word, world, worse, worth, worker2、字母组合er在重读音节中：her, German, term, thermos, prefer, person, serve, nervous3、字母组合ir：girl, bird, third, circle, shirt, skirt4、字母组合ur：turn, nurse, disturb, surf, Thursday5、字母组合ear：heard, earth, early, year, learn, search6、/ ə / 1、字母a在弱读：banana, England, elephant, animal, another, madam, several, probably,human, island, machine, comfortable2、字母e在弱读中：broken, moment, even, accident, happen, quarrel3、字母o在弱读中：conductor, opposite, tonight, melon, police, produce, collect, protect, pollute4、字母u弱读中：unless, suppose, success5、字母组合ou：famous, nervous6、字母组合or在弱读中：forget7、字母组合er做后缀时：under, teacher, ruler, brother, sister, father, mother, supper8、字母组合er在弱读中：concert, western, desert, shepherd7、/ɑ:/ 1、字母a在字母“n”前：dance, can’t, shan’t, France, answer, chance, banana2、字母a在字母“s”“ss”前：ask, past, basket, class, glass, last, grass, basketball3、字母a在“th”前：father, rather, path4、字母组合ar：hard, car, large, bookmark, mark, regard, barn, chart, cart, hard, garden,park5、字母组合al特殊发音：half6、字母组合au特殊发音：laugh7、字母组合are：are8、字母组合ea r：heart8、/ ʌ / 1、字母o在“m, n, th”前：come, some, front, month, son, Monday, monkey, money,another, brother, mother, nothing, other, none, wonder 但tomb / u:/2、字母o特殊发音：does, love, among, colour, discover3、字母u在闭音节中：must, sun, duck, uncle, puzzle, nut, dumpling, conductor, fun,butter, club, cup, much4、字母组合ou / ʌ /：trouble, young, double, country, cousin, rough, encourage, tough5、字母组合oo / ʌ / 特殊发：blood, flood9、/ɔ:/1、字母组合ough /ɔ:/：bought, thought2、字母组合or 的一般发音：for, short, boring, storm, corn, corner, order, important, nor,horse, forty, morning3、字母组合ar /ɔ:/ 在字母“w”或音标/w/后：war, quarter, towards4、字母组合al /ɔ:/ 一般发音：wall, tall, ball, fall, hall【注：字母组合al /ɔ:l/特殊发音also, already, always, salt, so-called, although】5、字母组合oor /ɔ:/：floor, door6、字母组合ore /ɔ:/：before, more, score7、字母组合our /ɔ:/：four, yours, course, fourth8、字母组合au /ɔ:/：August, autumn, pause, audience, caught, taught9、字母组合aw /ɔ:/：draw, law10、/ ɒ / 1、字母a在“w”前“wh”后：what, wash, want, watch, wallet, 但：water /ɔ:/2、字母o在闭音节中：John, doctor, office, soccer, rock, concert, foggy, across, possible,cost, cotton, teapot, rocket, of, not, box, long3、字母组合au / ɒ / 特殊发音：because11、/ u:/ 1、字母o在“wh”后：who, whose, whom2、字母o的特殊发音：move, do, two, improve, lose3、字母u在“l”前后：blue, ruler, flu, rule4、字母u的特殊发音：June, truth, pollute, true5、字母组合ou：group, soup, through6、字母组合oo 的一般发音：afternoon, room, broom, zoo, moon, pool, school, noodle,spoon, tool, tooth, cool, shoot, too7、字母组合oo的特殊发音：food, seafood8、字母组合ew的特殊发音：drew12、/ ʊ / 1、字母u的特殊发音：put, push, sugar, full, pull2、字母组合oo，一般在字母“k, d, t”前：book, look, good, foot, cook, wood3、字母组合oo / ʊ / 弱读中：classroom, bedroom, sitting-room, cookie双元音：（8个）1、/eɪ/1、字母a在开音节中“a”发字母本：name, page, date, lazy, café, wave, cake, face, plate(以及单词：paper, baby, table, radio)2、字母组合ea /eɪ/：great, break3、字母组合ai一般情况下：train, fail, mainland, rail, straight, rain, maid, tail4、字母组合ei /eɪ/：eight, eighth5、字母组合ay /eɪ/ 在重读中：day, today, display, may, play, away6、字母组合ey /eɪ/：they2、/aɪ/1、字母i在开音节中：quite, side, outside, invite, dive, twice, mine, bike, like, nice, time(以及单词：driver, Friday)2、字母i在“nd”前：kind, behind, find, mind, blind, China, Chinese,3、字母组合ie /aɪ/：die, lie4、字母组合ei /aɪ/ ：neither, either5、字母组合i(gh) /aɪ/：high, light, right, night, bright6、字母y在重读音节中：my, why, sky, by, fly3、/ɔɪ/1、字母组合oi：noise, join, oil, voice, toilet, coin, spoil, toil, boil2、字母组合oy：boy, toy, enjoy, hoyden, loyal4、/əʊ/1、字母“o”在开音节中：hope, nose, ago, alone, piano, notice, mobile, home, those,go, no, so, over2、字母o在字母“ld”前。
英文字母及字母组合发音规律PPT课件
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●元音字母组合的拼读规则
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（一）元音字母a的字母组合
1.ai或ay在重读音节中 [ei] rain ; train ; brain ; pain day ; may ; play ; stay ; lay
2.ay在非重读音里[i]或[ei]
Sunday ; Monday ; Tuesday ; Thursday ; Friday
常见的字母与字母组合发音规则
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Ⅰ元音字母及元音字母组合拼读规则
元音字母的发音
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（一）元音字母a
1.重读开音节 [ei] late ; make ; lake ; face 2.重读闭音节 [æ ] bag ; fat ; cat ; （*例外：any一些[e] ;many许多[e]） 3.非重读音节 [ə]或[i]
7.-age 一般[idʒ] village ; carriage ; marriage
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8.-ask一般重读时[a: sk] ask ; mask ; task ;basket 9.-ass一般重读时[a: s] class ; glass ; grass ; pass ; (*但mass[æ ]例外)
-asp组合里,重读时均发[a:]
即：dance ;France ;
ask ;basket
class ;grass ;glass ;pass ;（*例外：mass[æ ]）
fast ;past ;last ;
fathபைடு நூலகம்r ;path ;bath ;——(*例外：maths[æ ])
graph
after
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3.al+绝大多数辅音字母 [ɔ:]
英语字母组合发音规律秘诀
英语字母组合发音规律秘诀1．开音节1）以发音的元音字母结尾的单节。
例：be，he。
2）以辅音字母（r 除外）+不发音的e结尾的音节。
例：make，like。
* 在重读的开音节中元音字母按字母名称读音。
2．闭音节以一个或几个辅音字母（r w y除外）结尾而中间只有一个元音字母的音节，称为闭音节。
例：map，desk，is。
* 在重读的闭音节中元音字母读做短元音。
字母a，e，i，o，u 在重读音节中的读法字母名称位置读音举例a /ei/开音节/ei/ name，take闭音节/? / map，bage /i:/开音节/i:/ be，he闭音节/e/ egg，besti /ai/开音节/ai/ like，kite闭音节/i/ bit，fito /ou/开音节/Eu/ note，no闭音节重读音节词尾的字母组合oo发音素[u:]的音。
如:too(太;也),zoo(动物园),2. 在辅音字母f, l, m, n, p,s,t前的字母组合oo也发音素[u:]的音。
如:roof(屋顶),school(学校),room(房间),soon(不久),loop(圈,环),goose(鹅)boot(靴子),tooth(牙齿)等.有二个特例词要特别注意,它就是:wool[u](羊毛);:foot[u](脚);3. 字母组合oo在字母d和k前发音素[u]的音。
如:good(好),book(书),look(看),特例词:food[u:](食物);4. 在复合词的非重读音节中的字母组合oo发音素[u]的音。
如:bedroom(卧室),classroom(教室)等;5. 在字母l和d之间的字母组合oo发音素[∧]的音。
如:blood(血),flood(洪水)等.6. 后接r时字母组合oo发音素[:] door,floorou/ow[au] flower house count down[ou] know row throw though[∧] young country enough[u:] group you soupour[:] course your four[auE] our hour ours[E:] journeyui在j l r s后[ju:i] fluid suicide tuition[u ] juice fruit suit七、非重读音节中元音字母组合和字群的读音元音字母组合或字群读音例词ai/ay , ei/ey [i] Sunday foreign monkeyow [ou] yellow sparrow tomorrow元音字组在非重读音节中读[E]音。
英文字母及组合发音规律
armcampgumroom
2.字母m有时不发音
mnemonics记忆术
字母N
字母n在单词中的读音
读音
例词
例外
1.字母n通常发
/n/
bendenternoblespend
2.字母n在k、q、x之前发
/ŋ/
bankdrinkconqueranxious
3.字母n读/g/的g之前时发
/ŋ/
angerEnglishfingerhunger
8.字母组合or，oor通常发
/ɔ:/
forhorsedoorfloor
wordwork worIdpoor
9.字母组合ou
有时发
/au/
about cloud loud house mouth
在右边单词中发
/e/
friendfriendlyfriendship
在右边单词中发
/aiǝ/
dietquietscience societyvariety
4.字母组合ia发
/aiǝ/
reliabledialog
5.字母组合io、iou发
/aiǝ/
violenceriotcuriousfurious暴怒
前面是/d/和/t/
/id/
wanted needed
字母E
一、字母e在重读音节中的读音
读音
例词
例外
1.字母e在开音节中
/i/
he these ledge fever
2.字母e在闭音节中
/e/
bed desk lesson rest
English England
3.字母组合er发
/ǝ:/
Verb serve stern
英语26个字母和常见字母组合的一般发音规律
br---[ ]brag(吹牛), brake (闸，刹车), br ai n, br ea k, bread, breed (使)繁殖, 教养, 抚养), brown, bride(新娘),bribe(贿赂, 向…行贿), brushbl---[ ] black, bleed, blind, blouse, blood, blue,cr-/kr---[ ] crab(螃蟹), cradle(摇篮), cream, crop, cricket([昆]蟋蟀, [运动]板球)criticize(批评, 责备), cry,cruel(残忍的), kraut(泡菜), Kremlin (克里姆林宫),cl-/kl---[ ] class, claim((根据权利)要求得到, 认领, 声称, 主张, 需要) clean, clear, clock, close, click(发出滴答声,单击n.滴答声) , club(俱乐部, 夜总会,), klaxon (高音喇叭/气笛, 电喇叭), Klan (=Ku Klux Klan)三K党)gr---[ ] grade, grass, grape, graceful(优雅的，温文尔雅)，green, great, grief(悲痛, 伤心事, 不幸, 忧伤), grin(露齿笑, 裂口笑), groan(呻吟(着说), gruffly (说话或态度粗暴地, 粗声地, 生硬地)gl---[ ] glass, glad, gleam (发微光, 使闪烁), glide(滑行,滑翔), globe(地球仪), glove(手套), glue(胶水/胶合)fr---[ ] France, French, free, fresh (新鲜的, 无经验的), frequent (频繁的), friend (朋友), fried, fry, frog (青蛙),from(自，从)，front (前面,前线,阵线), fruit (水果, 果实, 果类, 成果), frustrated (感到灰心/失败的)fl---[ ] flat, flag, flame(火焰,热情), flap (拍打, 鼓翼而飞, 飘动), flares (喇叭裤), flash (闪光, 闪现, 一瞬间), flea(跳蚤), flee (逃跑, 逃走), fleer (狞笑, 讥笑), flesh (肉,果肉), flinch (畏缩, 退缩, 畏首畏尾), floor (地板，楼层),float (漂浮,浮舟,彩车), flood (洪水, 水灾, 淹没, 涌进,涌出) flour (面粉), flow (流动, (河水)泛滥, 洋溢), flower(花) , flu (流感), fly (飞翔，飞行)，flub (做得不好, 弄糟), fluent (流利的, 流畅的),sl---[ ]slave (奴隶), slander (诽谤), slaughter (屠宰, 残杀, 屠杀), sleep (睡眠, 睡觉), sleet (下/雨加雪, 下冰雹),sleeve (袖子), slice (薄片, 切片), slim (苗条的, 纤细的), slip (滑倒, 失足), slogan (口号, 标语), slow(ly)(慢的/地), sly/ slily [slaili](狡猾的/地),sm---[ ] small (小的, 少的), smart (聪明的, 漂亮的, 灵巧地, 时髦地), smarty (=wise guy自作聪明的人), smell(气味, 臭味, //嗅, 闻到, 散发(...的)气味, 有(...的)气味), smile ((～ at) 微笑), smog (烟雾), smoke (n.烟, 烟尘, 烟幕//v.抽烟, 吸烟vi.冒烟), smuggle (n.走私, 偷带v.走私),sn---[ ] snow, snake, snack (吃)快餐/小吃)), snail (蜗牛), snap (猛咬), sneer (冷笑,轻蔑的笑), sneeze (打/ 喷嚏),snob /snobling (势利的年轻人, 势利小人),sk---[ ] skate, skating, skirt, ski (=skee滑雪), skim (掠过, 滑过, 浏览), skin (皮肤, 兽皮, 皮毛), skint (身无分文的, 穷光蛋的), skip (跳, 蹦,跳读), sky-blue (天蓝色的, 淡蓝色, 蔚蓝色)sp---[ ] space (空间, 间隔, 距离, 空地, 余地), spade (铲, 铁锹), Spain (西班牙), spare (多余的, 剩下的/分让给),st---[ ] stand, stamp (邮票, 跺(脚), 顿(足)), stage (舞台,戏剧,举行), star (星, 恒星, 明星, 名角), start (动身,开始,着手惊动,惊起,起动,发动), staff (棒, 杖, 杆, 支柱, 全体职员), stadium (露天运动场/体育场), step, steep(陡峭的), stick (棍, 棒, 手杖/粘住, 粘贴), stop, student, stupid (愚蠢的, 麻木的), stupidity (蠢事,糊涂事), stutter (口吃, 结结巴巴的说), style (风格, 时尚, 文体),sw---[ ] swab ([swCb]n.拖把, 药签,vt. 拭抹, 擦洗), swag(摇晃, 水潭,垂花饰), swear(宣誓, 发誓), sweat(n/v.(使)出汗),dw---[ ] dwarf ([dwC:f]n.矮子, 侏儒v.(使)变矮小), dwell(at../in...居住停留于;on../upon..细想, 详述),tw---[ ] twelve, twelfth, twenty, twentieth, twain ([twein]n.两, 双, 二, 一对), twin(s), twig ([twig]n.嫩枝, 小thr---[ ] three, thread(线，细丝, 线索, 思路, 螺纹), threaten(恐吓, 威胁), threnode (哀歌), thrive(兴旺, 繁荣, 茁壮成长, 旺盛), throw(扔，抛，投，摔，掷，丢), through (通过，穿过，透过/〔时间〕从…的开始到末了，从头到尾；〔场☻字母L的两种读音口诀：音节开头发清音[l -], 音节末尾模糊音[- l],☻元音字母a e i(y) o u 的发音口诀：元音字母音多变，熟记规则也不难。
英文字母及字母组合发音规则
英语字母及字母组合发音规则一. 元音: 单元音：[i:] [ i ] [e] [A] [E:] [E] [B:] [Q] [C:] [C] [u:] [u]双元音：[ei] [ai] [au] [Eu] [Ci ] [iE] [Z[] [uE]1. [ i: ] 字母组合：ee：three tree green sheep meet beef see seek week ea：eat tea meat leave lead teacher team mean speak clean pleasee：he she me theseie：piece receive ceiling field2. [ i ] 发音字母：i：sit picture it is if list six mix fix fit pig big buildmiss milk ship with window beginy：myth many twenty happy dictionarye：defect decide delicious3. [ e ] 发音字母：ea：head bread pleasure readye ：elephant electric remember sell shell lesson betterbed desk hotel yes well get very step men listen4. [A] 字母组合：a：bag hand and ant happy hat map mad bad black back glad flag shall man stand maths fat5. [E:] 字母组合：ir：girl shirt skirt thirty thirteen third bird firstur：turn burn murder nurse turtle Thursday burger hurtear：learn earn earth hearder：term her nerd serve verbor：work worm worker word world worse6. [E] 字母组合：er：teacher leader remember player speaker farmer powderor：doctor actor mayor author tractor forgetou：delicious graciousar：familiar collar dollaro：together tomorrow today Washington control politepoliceman o’clocka：around account ago elephant banana Canada JapanChina breakfast ability American abovee：hundred student7. [B:] 字母组合：ar：car farm card arm garden party stara：fast class last glass plantare：are8. [Q] 发音字母：u：up supper lunch fun gun hunt cup bus cut us luckbut cuto：come mother brother love above monthou：trouble rough flourishoo：blood flood9. [C:] 字母组合: al：small wall talk tall hall ball call walkor：short more lord horse for forty sport door floor storeau：author caught autumn auto Augustour：four mourn courtar：warm quarrel quarteraw：draw saw flawou：bought ought10. [C] 发音字母：o：hot lost lot fox box mop hop loss collar not dog stopa：want wash watch what11. [u:] 字母组合: oo：food moon room gloom broom doom goose toothschool too noodle cool bamboo kangaroou：true truth blue12. [u] 字母组合: oo：look good foot book cookou：should could wouldu：put full bull pull pusho：woman wolf13. [ei] 发音字母: a：name cake late gate plane April face take radio spaceay：play say may way today Mayea：great breakai：rain paint plainey：they grey14. [ ai ] 发音字母: i：bike fine find die nine light night high mine quite like sidey：my try fly eye by Friday why15. [ au ] 字母组合: ou：house out flour ground account count sound loudaround mouse round aboutow：flower down now cow how town16. [Eu] 发音字母: o：home cold go no phone host ghost noseow：know low below grow blow show flow window yellowoa：boat coat goal road17. [Ci] 字母组合: oy：boy toy joyoi：oil soil voice choice noise join18. [ iE] 字母组合: eer：beer deerear：ear dear nearere：hereea：ideaie：fierce19. [ZE] 字母组合: ear：pear bearair：chair air fair hair pairare：care hareere：there where20. [uE] 字母组合：our：hour touroor：poor moorure：sure二. 容易混淆的元音1. [A] [e]bad bed ；hand head ；man men ；land lend ；pan pen ；sad said 2. [i:] [ei]real rail ；greet great ；mean main ；read raid3. [ e ] [ ai ]bet bite ；red write ；said side ；head hide4. [au] [C:]house horse ；loud lord ；south sauce ；cloud clause ；now nor ；count corn 5. [au] [C]found fond ；down done ；gown gone ；town ton三. 辅音1. [ p ] pen pear play pig pour pull push2. [ b ] book big boot bike bread break3. [ t ] tree two ten ton town twenty city4. [ d ] door dull desk dose do dog dictionary5. [ k ] king kite key look cook book kitchen skycard cat cream correct climb come account acceptfox box oxygen x-rayschool schedule schema6. [ g ] girl good goal goat grade long language7. [ m ] man make moon morning move come comb8. [ n ] pen ten nine fine night noon moon clean9. [N] uncle bank English think thank junksing king morning evening10. [l] long land lend lord fly flag blackworld cold could goal soul11. [r] read red right run room write12. [f] five fly fine flag frog fog roof knife life wifecough laugh rough physic photo phone13. [v] very evening even every voice vestof14. [s] six sit student same seat kiss miss case scarf (发音字母s)license city cease cedar ceiling celebrate (发音字母c)licence piece juice science lance space ace (发音字母c，结尾e不发音)15. [z] zoo zebra zero zapclose nose hose suppose pause those whose16. [W] think thank three thirty tooth mouth17. [T] that this those these though18. [F] sheep shoulder ship shoe she brush wash19. [ V] pleasure20. [ h ] hot hop home house horse how who whose21. [ w ] when what where window wind wood22. [ j ] yes year yell you your yolk yellow23. [tF] child chicken china chair lunch ouch teach (字母组合ch）catch watch match （字母组合tch)24. [dV] age language cabbage vegetable stage bridge joyenjoy join July June junk25. [tr] tree country try treat track trunk26. [dr] dry dream drop drive drink27. [ ts ] students boots boats goats nuts28. [ dz ] goods woods moods hoods四. 容易混淆的辅音1. [ v ] [ w ] ：vest west ；vet wet ；vine wine ；very well2. [ s ] [ W ] ：sink think ；mass math ；miss myth ；sort thought3. [ z ] [ T] ：close clothes ; breeze breathe4. [ n ] [ N] ：thin thing ；sin sing ；ran rang ；ban bang ；win wing五. 字母，字母组合音节发音规律1. a [ ei ]：late private grade bake grape nation station page[A]：active hand bank fan parent family glad flag[ E]：accept about above formative machine cinema[ a: ]：fast last glass class past father[ C]：wash what watch want2. e [ i: ]：appreciate extremely previous secret she me he[ e ]：letter left message generate pebble[ i ]：decide pretty result restore[ E]：problem prosperous student confident不发音：active table late wife store lecture3. i [ ai ]：high price library ice cream wife size line[ i ]：fist pick chicken piano fiancécity unit4. o[ Eu ]：lode host cold note okay old home[ u: ]：lose do who whose prove[ Q]：love some other mother honey company[ E]：today tomorrow together control collect[ C]：lost hot mock office soft honest5. u [ju:]：university refuse unique universe huge[u]：put push pull full bull[Q]：but brush bucket duck bubble[E]：support suggest6. c [ k ]：country camp camera courage cable[ s ]：city ceiling celebrate cell cease7. g [ g ]：girl grade glass glade bag flag[dV]：village vegetable bridge gentleman gym[ N]：long song sing morning evening8. l [ l ] 读音不同：listen learn language collect English gorilla world cold soil tall sell cool animal9. n [ n ]：moon night noodle number[ N]：uncle hungry angry young10. r [ r ]：right read write grade progress[ E ](美语发音)：card board door floor form north11. y [ j ]：yellow year yell young yolk[ i ]：university country pretty happy[ai ]：yke dying fly buy by my12. ai [ei]：rain paint plain13. air [eE]：air chair fair hair pair14. al [C:]：ball call hall small talk tall walk wall15. ar [ a: ]：arm farm card party star garden car mark[ E]：dollar[C: ]：warm quarrel quarter16. are [a:]：are[eE]：care hare17. au [C:]：August auto author autumn caught18. aw [C:]：draw saw flaw19. ay [ei]：play say may way today May20. ea [ i: ]：cease season breathe feature meat please eat clean leadleave speak tea teacher team mean[ e ]：bread breast breath head meadow pleasure ready weather[ ei ]：great break[ iE ]：idea realize21. ee [ i: ]：beef green meet see seek sheep three tree week22. er [E:]：term her nerd serve verb[E]：farmer leader player powder remember speaker teacher23. ear [E:]：learn earth earn heard[ iE]：hear near clear dear ear fear[eE]：bear pear24. eer [iE]：beer deer25. er [E:]：deserve serve her person[E]：teacher driver anger singer[iE]：serious experience mysterious fierce26. ere [ iE]：here mere fere sere[ZE]：there where27. ey [ei]：may May play say today way28. ie [i:]：ceiling field piece receive29. ir [E:]：shirt girl bird first shirt third thirteen thirty skirt[ aiE]：admire desire30. oa [Eu]：boat coat goal road31. oi [Ci]：oil soil voice choice noise join32. oo [u:]：room tool cool moon noon goof food bamboo cool broom doom gloomgoose kangaroo noodle school too tooth soon afternoon[u]：good foot stood wood wool cook wood book look classroom bedroomfootball[ Q]：blood flood33. oor [C:]：door floor[uE]：poor moor34. or [C:]：short horse for forty more sport lord form corn born for[E:]：work world worm word worse worst[E]：tractor doctor actor sector senior senator35. oor [C:]：door floor[uE]：moor poor boor36. our [auE]：hour tour flour bourn lour[C:]：pour court four mourn37. ou [au]：house mouth mouse sound found[Q]：enough trouble touch[C:]：bought ought[u]：could should would[E]：delicious gracious prosperous38. oy [Ci]:boy joy toy39. ow [Eu]：window meadow know show low[au]：now town how down cow40. ur [E:]:burger burn hurt murder nurse Thursday turn turtle41. se [z]：nose suppose gose lose pose rose[s]：mouse house42. ch [tF]：chair chicken child china lunch ouch teach teacher43. th [ W]：thank think thought cloth[T]：clothes that this then than44. sh [F]：brush she sheep ship shoe short shoulder shop wash45. wh [h]：who whose[w]：what where when wind window wood46. tch [tF]：catch match watch47. ds [dz]：hoods goods moods woods48. ts [ts]：boats boots goats nuts students49. dr [dr]：dream drink drive drop dry50. tr [tr]：country track tree treat trunk try51. ing [iN]：sing king morning evening52. cial [FEl ]：social special53. sion [FEn]：propulsion tension progression passion[VEn]：protrusion provision conclusion television54. tion [FEn]：station nation translation attention[tFEn](不常见)：question。
英语字母组合发音规律
精心整理英语字母组合发音规律1．开音节1）以单个发音的元音字母结尾的单音节。
（单词后面是辅音+元音的结构）例：behenosheweal-soze-ropho-to2）以单个辅音字母（r除外）+不发音的e结尾的音节。
例：maklikeexer-cisesatel-litenamethesebikehomeexcuselike.......*在重读的开音节中元音字母按字母名称读音。
2．闭音节单个元音字母后面有一个或几个辅音字母组成（rwy除外），且以辅音字母结尾的重读音节，称为闭音节。
例：map，desk，is。
bagbeginfishnotcup闭音节结构：元音+辅音或元音+辅音+辅音*在重读的闭音节中元音字母读做短元音。
音节：音节是读音的基本单位，任何单词的读音，都是分解为一个个音节朗读。
一个元音可构成一个音节，一个元音和一个或几个辅音音素结合也可以构成一个音节。
一般说来，元音可以构成音节，辅音不响亮，不能构成音节。
但英语辅音字母中有4个辅音[m]，[n]，[ng]，[l]是响音，它们和辅音音素结合，也可构成音节。
它们构成的音节往往出现在词尾，一般是非重读音节。
①两辅音之间不管有多少个元音，一般都是一个音节。
如：bed床，bet打赌，seat坐位，beat毒打，beaut极好的。
②有两个辅音字母时，一个辅音字母归前一音节，一个归后一音节，如：let'ter 信，win'ter冬天。
如何判断双音节词的重读位置？①双音节名词60%以上是第一个音节重读；′stu-dent?′Chi-na?′sec-ond?′au-tumn?②双音节动词有90%以上是第二个音节重读。
③含有a-?be-?de-?re-?in-?ex-?等前缀的双音节词往往是在第二个音节上重读。
u8888）双音节词的重读位置不会因增加前缀或后缀而发生改变。
例如：a′bout in-′deed?be′fore?ex′cuse?for-′get-ful?in-′ven-tor?多音节词的重读位置多音节词通常在倒数第三个音节重读。
英语国际音标常见字母组合发音规律(通用)
英语国际音标常见字母组合发音规律单元音：（12个）1、/ i:/ 1、字母e在开音节中：be, he, we, these, metre, relay, recycle, eve2、字母i的特殊发音：police, machine3、字母组合ee ：sweep, between, agree, sleep, seen, feel, feed, cheese, keeper, bee, see,tree, three4、字母组合ea：please, (New) Zealand, weak, leaf, wheat, bleat, dream, disease, beach,least, tea, seat, read5、字母组ie ：field, believe, thief, piece6、字母组ei ：receive7、字母组ey：key8、字母组合e-e：Pete, mete, these, Chinese2、/ ɪ / 1、字母a在弱读中：village, passage, palace, necklace, encourage2、字母e在弱读中：ticket, basket, behind, enjoy, business, subject, refuse, repair, replay,forest, toilet, wallet, racket, pocket, result,3、字母i在闭音节中：bring, did, ill, pick, fifty, English, ticket, village, picnic, pumpkin,tourist, riddle, it, is, six, this4、字母i的特殊发音：practice, opposite, practice, cousin, rabbit 但possible发音为/ ə /5、字母i在“ve”前：live, give6、字母u的特殊发音：busy, business7、字母组合ai 弱读：mountain, captain8、字母组合ie：cookie9、字母组合ay 弱读：Sunday, Monday10、字母组合ey ：monkey, money11、字母y 弱读：sorry, baby, lucky, any, very, study, fifty3、/ e / 1、字母a的特殊发音：many, any2、字母e在闭音节中“e”发短音：bell, left, leg, when, went, check, invent, unless, collect3、字母组合ea ：bread, heavy, head, ready, death, already, instead, feather, leather, weather4、/ æ /1、字母a在闭音节中：that, ladder, matter, man, rabbit, panda, bank, channel, cat, cap,back2、字母a在“ve”前：have5、/ ɜ:/ 1、字母组合or在字母“w”后：work, word, world, worse, worth, worker2、字母组合er在重读音节中：her, German, term, thermos, prefer, person, serve, nervous3、字母组合ir：girl, bird, third, circle, shirt, skirt4、字母组合ur：turn, nurse, disturb, surf, Thursday5、字母组合ear：heard, earth, early, year, learn, search6、/ ə / 1、字母a在弱读：banana, England, elephant, animal, another, madam, several, probably,human, island, machine, comfortable2、字母e在弱读中：broken, moment, even, accident, happen, quarrel3、字母o在弱读中：conductor, opposite, tonight, melon, police, produce, collect, protect, pollute4、字母u弱读中：unless, suppose, success5、字母组合ou：famous, nervous6、字母组合or在弱读中：forget7、字母组合er做后缀时：under, teacher, ruler, brother, sister, father, mother, supper8、字母组合er在弱读中：concert, western, desert, shepherd7、/ɑ:/ 1、字母a在字母“n”前：dance, can’t, shan’t, France, answer, chance, banana2、字母a在字母“s”“ss”前：ask, past, basket, class, glass, last, grass, basketball3、字母a在“th”前：father, rather, path4、字母组合ar：hard, car, large, bookmark, mark, regard, barn, chart, cart, hard, garden,park5、字母组合al特殊发音：half6、字母组合au特殊发音：laugh7、字母组合are：are8、字母组合ea r：heart8、/ ʌ / 1、字母o在“m, n, th”前：come, some, front, month, son, Monday, monkey, money,another, brother, mother, nothing, other, none, wonder 但tomb / u:/2、字母o特殊发音：does, love, among, colour, discover3、字母u在闭音节中：must, sun, duck, uncle, puzzle, nut, dumpling, conductor, fun,butter, club, cup, much4、字母组合ou / ʌ /：trouble, young, double, country, cousin, rough, encourage, tough5、字母组合oo / ʌ / 特殊发：blood, flood9、/ɔ:/1、字母组合ough /ɔ:/：bought, thought2、字母组合or 的一般发音：for, short, boring, storm, corn, corner, order, important, nor,horse, forty, morning3、字母组合ar /ɔ:/ 在字母“w”或音标/w/后：war, quarter, towards4、字母组合al /ɔ:/ 一般发音：wall, tall, ball, fall, hall【注：字母组合al /ɔ:l/特殊发音also, already, always, salt, so-called, although】5、字母组合oor /ɔ:/：floor, door6、字母组合ore /ɔ:/：before, more, score7、字母组合our /ɔ:/：four, yours, course, fourth8、字母组合au /ɔ:/：August, autumn, pause, audience, caught, taught9、字母组合aw /ɔ:/：draw, law10、/ ɒ / 1、字母a在“w”前“wh”后：what, wash, want, watch, wallet, 但：water /ɔ:/2、字母o在闭音节中：John, doctor, office, soccer, rock, concert, foggy, across, possible,cost, cotton, teapot, rocket, of, not, box, long3、字母组合au / ɒ / 特殊发音：because11、/ u:/ 1、字母o在“wh”后：who, whose, whom2、字母o的特殊发音：move, do, two, improve, lose3、字母u在“l”前后：blue, ruler, flu, rule4、字母u的特殊发音：June, truth, pollute, true5、字母组合ou：group, soup, through6、字母组合oo 的一般发音：afternoon, room, broom, zoo, moon, pool, school, noodle,spoon, tool, tooth, cool, shoot, too7、字母组合oo的特殊发音：food, seafood8、字母组合ew的特殊发音：drew12、/ ʊ / 1、字母u的特殊发音：put, push, sugar, full, pull2、字母组合oo，一般在字母“k, d, t”前：book, look, good, foot, cook, wood3、字母组合oo / ʊ / 弱读中：classroom, bedroom, sitting-room, cookie双元音：（8个）1、/eɪ/1、字母a在开音节中“a”发字母本：name, page, date, lazy, café, wave, cake, face, plate(以及单词：paper, baby, table, radio)2、字母组合ea /eɪ/：great, break3、字母组合ai一般情况下：train, fail, mainland, rail, straight, rain, maid, tail4、字母组合ei /eɪ/：eight, eighth5、字母组合ay /eɪ/ 在重读中：day, today, display, may, play, away6、字母组合ey /eɪ/：they2、/aɪ/1、字母i在开音节中：quite, side, outside, invite, dive, twice, mine, bike, like, nice, time(以及单词：driver, Friday)2、字母i在“nd”前：kind, behind, find, mind, blind, China, Chinese,3、字母组合ie /aɪ/：die, lie4、字母组合ei /aɪ/ ：neither, either5、字母组合i(gh) /aɪ/：high, light, right, night, bright6、字母y在重读音节中：my, why, sky, by, fly3、/ɔɪ/1、字母组合oi：noise, join, oil, voice, toilet, coin, spoil, toil, boil2、字母组合oy：boy, toy, enjoy, hoyden, loyal4、/əʊ/1、字母“o”在开音节中：hope, nose, ago, alone, piano, notice, mobile, home, those,go, no, so, over2、字母o在字母“ld”前。
英语国际音标及字母组合发音规律
元音、元音组合一、基础知识1.字母：26个字母的大小写2.语音：（1）英语中共有48个音素, 元音有20 个, 辅音有28 个。
元音长元音/ɑ://ɔ://ɜ://i://u:/短元音/ʌ/ /ɒ//ə//ɪ//ʊ/ /e/ /æ/双元音/eɪ//aɪ//ɔɪ/ /ɪə//eə/ /ʊə//əʊ//aʊ/（2）读音规则A. 五个元音字母在开音节和闭音节中的发音情况开音节例词闭音节例词Aa /eɪ/ name, face , take /æ/ am , man , and , atEe /i:/ be , me , bee /e/ pen , ten , let , tellIi /ai/ nice , like , life /i/ his , it , inOo/əʊ/ home , cola /ɒ/ not , long , lot ,stopUu/ju: / use /ʌ/ sun , up , us , but★开音节：以元音结尾的音节。
例：me /m i:/★闭音节：以辅音结尾的音节。
例：at /æt /B. 元音字母组合发音规律★ 元音字母a的组合发音ai 读作/eɪ/ 例：train ，again ，pain air读作/eə/ 例：chair, air, hairal读作/ɔ:/ 例：all ，also ，wall ay读作/eɪ/ 例：day , play ★ 元音字母e的组合发音ea读作/i:/ 例：eat , please , cream ee 读作/i:/ 例：green , need , seeer读作/ɜ:/ 例：her , hers , girl ear读作/ɪə/ 例：hear , ear , clear eer读作/ɪə/例：engineer★ 元音字母i的组合发音ir读作/ɜ:/例：bird , first igh 读作/ai/ 例：high , night ie读作/ai/ 例：lie, die★ 元音字母o的组合发音oa读作/əʊ/例：coat, boatoo读作/u:/例：food , room , school在k, t , d之前读作/ʊ/ 例：book , look , good , footor读作/ɔ:/ 例：short ,sport, morew后读作/ɜ: / 例：word ,work ,worldou读作/aʊ/例：sound , out , around读作/u:/例：you , soup , groupoy读作/ɔi/例：boy, toyow读作/aʊ/例：how, now读作/əʊ/ 例：know , snow , showour 读作/ɔ:/例：your , four★ 元音字母u的组合发音(1)在重读开音节中，U读作：① [ju:] 例如：student, use②在字母l、r、j之后读做[u:] 例如：blue, ruler, June(2)在重读闭音节中，U读作：①[ʌ] 例如：but bus cup②[u] 例如：put full(3)ur，有两种读音：在重读音节中读做[ɜː] 例如：turn, nurse在非重读音节中读做[ə] 例如：Saturday★ 半元音字母y的组合发音ye在词尾读作/ai/ 例如：bye, goodbye辅音、辅音组合的发音一、温故知新1. 复习元音元音A.五个元音字母在开音节和闭音节中的发音规律B. 元音字母组合发音规律二、辅音、辅音组合（1）辅音的发音辅音★（2）辅音字母组合的发音ch 读作/tʃ/ 例: much 读作/k/例: schoolck 读作/k/例: clockdr 读作/dr/例: drawds 读作/dz/例: beds , cardsgh读作/f/ 例: laughkn读作/n/例: knowng 读作/ŋ/例: Englishph读作/f/ 例: phonesh读作/ʃ/ 例: sheep , shiptr 读作/tr/例: try , tripts读作/ts/ 例: hats , batswh 读作/h/ 例: who , whose（3）元音辅音组合的发音小窍门：辅音字母的发音基本固定，元音字母的发音会有所变化，但是也有规律可以遵循。
英文字母及字母组合发音规律
grasp
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(二)元音字母e
1.重读开音节 [i:] me ;he ;she ;these ;evening 2.重读闭音节 [e] hen ;get ; tell ; red 3.非重读音节 [i] ticket ;basket ;pocket ;before ;below ; [ə] hundred student open
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9.-ew 一般[ju:] new ; few ; knew *-ew 或者发[u:] grew ; threw *-ew还可以发[əu] sew
10.-ege [idʒ] college
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11.-est [i s t] biggest ; happiest;
12.词尾的-ed在浊音后[d] lived ; studied *-ed在清音后[t] worked ; finished *-ed在字母t或d后[id] wanted ; needed
*在开音节中，元音字母u在辅音字母j l r s后面时 读[u:]音，例如：June blue ruler super
2.重读闭音节 [ʌ]或[u]
[ʌ]——us;bus;mum;sun
[u]——put ; full ; pull
3.非重读音节 [ə]
autumn ;August ; support
no ; so ; go ; home ; photo ;
2.重读闭音节 [ɔ]
not ; hot ; box ; fox ; cock ; cost ;
3.非重读音节 [ə] purpose ; concern
4.o在字母m,n,v或th之前，均发[ʌ]
come ; some ;son ; ton ; (*例外：Tom[ɔ])
英文字母组合的发音规律
英文字母组合的发音规律一、辅音字母的读音规则1. c 在字母e，i，y前读/s/，如c ell，c it'y，c yst；其余情况下读/K/，如c at，c lub，c ode.2. g 在字母e，i，y前读/ʤ/，如g ene，g in，g ym；其余情况下读/g/，如be g, g olf, g ame.3. s 多数情况下读/s/，如s ix，de s k，ye s；有时读/z/，如i s，hi s，vi s'it(读/z/时可下画一条横线)。
4. x 处于两元音字母之间，且其后元音重读时，读/gz/，如e x ist'；其余情况下读/ks/，如si x, ne x t, e x cuse'.5.q 读/k/,如Iräq', NASDA Q (股票名);常与字母u用在一起, qu 读/kw/, 如qu ick, qu es'tion.附：英语音标元音单元音：i: i e æɔʌu əɑ: ɔ: u: ə:双元音：ei ai ɔi əu au iəeəuə辅音浊辅音：b d g ʤv ð z ʒdz m n ŋl r j w请辅音：p t k ʧ f θ s ʃts h二、辅音字母组合的读音规则1. ch, tch 读/ʧ/，如Ch i'na, mu ch；ca tch, ma tch2. ph, gh 读/f/，如ph o'to, ph one3. sh 读/ʃ/，如sh ape, sh e, sh ort, fi sh4. th 多数情况下读/θ/，如th ree, th ird但有时读/ð/ ,如th at, th an, wi th.(读/ð/时可下画一线).5. wh 在字母o前读/h/,如wh o, wh om, wh ose(其中的字母o读/u:/) ；其余情况下读/w/，如wh ich，wh en，wh y.6. dg, dj 读/ʤ/，如ju dg e，lo dg'ing；a dj ust',a d'j ective.7. n 在和字母g构成字母组合时，以及处于读/g/或/k/的字母前（如c, g, k等）读/ŋ/。
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2.-ee[i:] feel ; week ; keep ; three ; treet ; see *但是一个例外：coffee[i]
3.-eer[iə] deer ; pioneer ; engineer ; volunteer
4.-er重读音节[ə:] her ; term ; service ; Germany *非重读[ə] worker ; paper ; western ; teacher 特殊读法[a:] clerk
10.-ast一般重读时[a: st]
last ; past ; fast ; cast *-aste一般[eist] waste ; paste ; taste 11.-ath一般[a: θ] bath ; path ; (但maths[æθ]例外) *或[a: ð] father ; rather ;(gather[æ ð]例外)
（五）元音字母u
1.重读开音节 [ju:] pupil ; student ; use ; cube
*在开音节中，元音字母u在辅音字母j l r s后面时 读[u:]音，例如：June blue ruler super
2.重读闭音节 [ʌ]或[u] [ʌ]——us;bus;mum;sun [u]——put ; full ; pull 3.非重读音节 [ə] autumn ;August ; support
（三）元音字母i或y的组合
1.-ie在重读音节中，或在辅音字母前， 发[i:] ，如： thief ;field ; piece ; achieve； * -ie在词尾[ai] lie ; die ; tie
2.-ir在重读音节[ə:] girl ; first ; third ; circle
3.-ire在重读音节[‘aiə] fire ; tired ; hire ; wire
4.-ance在重读时[a: ns]
chance ; dance ; France *在非重读时[əns] importance ；performance ；ambulance
5.-ant非重读[ənt] assistant ; important ；peasant
6.-ange一般[eindʒ] change ; danger ; strange ; (*但orange [indʒ]例外)
9.-ew 一般[ju:] new ; few ; knew *-ew 或者发[u:] grew ; threw *-ew还可以发[əu] sew
10.-ege [idʒ] college
11.-est [i s t] biggest ; happiest;
12.词尾的-ed在浊音后[d] lived ; studied *-ed在清音后[t] worked ; finished *-ed在字母t或d后[id] wanted ; needed
7.-ei [ei] eight ; weigh ; weight *-ei [ai] height * -ei [i:] receive 8.-ey重读[ei] they ; hey ; survey * -ey重读[i:] key *-ey非重读[i] monkey ; donkey ; volleyball *-et非重读[it] pocket ; ticket ; rocket
12.-au一般[ɔ:] cauuse[ɔ]) *-augh(t) [ɔ: (t)] taught ; daughter(*例外：laugh[l a: f])
13.-aw [ɔ:] draw ; saw ; law ; awful
14.a在字母w或wh后面，a发[ɔ] was ; wash ; want ; what ; (*但water[ɔ:]
(二)元音字母e的组合
1.-ea重读音节有四个音，分别是下列： *大多数发/i:/ : meat ; teacher ; read ;
please *有的发/e/ : head, bread ; read(过去式) ;
breakfast, peasant *还有的发/ei/: great ; break(小学英语中
（三）元音字母i
1.重读开音节 [ai] hi ; China ; time ; 2.重读闭音节 [i] sit ; hit ; ill ; little ; 3.非重读音节 [i] unit ; [ə] holiday beautiful
(四)元音字母o
1.重读开音节 [əu] no ; so ; go ; home ; photo ; 2.重读闭音节 [ɔ] not ; hot ; box ; fox ; cock ; cost ; 3.非重读音节 [ə] purpose ; concern 4.o在字母m,n,v或th之前，均发[ʌ] come ; some ;son ; ton ; (*例外：Tom[ɔ]) love ; glove ; above ; another mother ; brother ; *5.两个单词： woman[‘wu-mən]女人（单数） ; women[‘wi-min]女人（复数）
5.-oar一般[ɔ:] board ; aboard; blackboard
6.-oor一般[ɔ:]或在美式英语里发[ɔ ə] door ; floor *-oor 还发[uə] poor
7.-ore在重音时[ɔ:] snore ; more ; before ; foreign; forest
常见的字母与字母组合发音规则
Ⅰ元音字母及元音字母组合拼读规则
元音字母的发音
（一）元音字母a
1.重读开音节 [ei] late ; make ; lake ; face 2.重读闭音节 [æ ] bag ; fat ; cat ; （*例外：any一些[e] ;many许多[e]） 3.非重读音节 [ə]或[i]
3.-oo一般[u:] too ; zoo ; room ; noon ; moon ；soon ; *单词room和其他名词构成合成词时， 常发短音。如classroom[u]…等。 *在字母k或有时在t，d之前时[u]
look ; book ; cook ;
foot ; boot ; good ； （food 例外）;
即：[ə]—— China Canada [i]—— village ; orange
*连续相同的辅音（字母），一般只发一个音，而 且归属后一个音节段。如上的village .
4.在字母w或wh后面 ，发[ɔ:] what ; want ; (例外：water水[ɔ:]) 5.a在诸如-ance;-ask;-ass;-ast;-ath;-aph;-af; -asp组合里,重读时均发[a:] 即：dance ;France ; ask ;basket class ;grass ;glass ;pass ;（*例外：mass[æ ]） fast ;past ;last ; father ;path ;bath ;——(*例外：maths[æ ]) graph after grasp
4.-or在重音时[ɔ:] for ; horse ; important ; morning ; born *-or在字母w后面[ə:] work ; word ; world ; worse ; worth (*但是wore ,worn例外，均发[ɔ:]) *-or在非重音时[ə] monitor ; doctor ; professor ; forget ;
15.-ar 重读音时[a:]
party ; car ; farm ; army ; yard ; hard ; star *在字母w或音[w]后面时 [ɔ:] war ; warm ; warn ;towards ; *quarter *在非重读音时[ə] beggar ; dollar ; solar
(二)元音字母e
1.重读开音节 [i:] me ;he ;she ;these ;evening 2.重读闭音节 [e] hen ;get ; tell ; red 3.非重读音节 [i] ticket ;basket ;pocket ;before ;below ; [ə] hundred student open
10.-ist[i s t] 例： list ; fist ;
(四)元音字母o的组合
1.-oa在重音时[əu] boat ; coat ; road ; goat ; toad *-oar在重音时[ɔ:] 例：blackboard ;
2.-oi，-oy在重音时[ɔi] *-oy 例：boiler ; point ; join ; oil .*-oi 例：boy ; toy ; joy ; loyal
5.-ere [iə] here ; mere -ere 或者发[εə] there ; where
6.-ear 有三种音，分别是： *-ear [iə] ear ; dear ; near ; tear (n.) ; *-ear [ə:] early ; earth ; learn ; heard *-ear [a:] heart *但 tear作为动词时，发[εə]
8.-(a)tion [(ei) ʃn] nation ; pronunciation ; information ； *-stion [tʃn] question *-sion [ʃn]或[ʒn] mission使命 ; precision精密
9.-ye在词尾[ai] good-bye ; bye-bye
半元音字母y的发音
字母y一般有三种发音: *放在词首的发/j/: yes; yellow *在单音节词中（重读开音节）发/ai/: my; try *在大多数双音节词中（非重读音节） 发/i/ : study