英语中的缩略词
常见英语缩略词大全
APEC英文Asian-Pacific Economic Cooperation的缩写,即亚太经济合作组织。
AQ英文Adversity Quotient的缩写,逆境商数,指一个人处理逆境的能力。
ATM英文Automatic Teller Machine的缩写,即自动柜员机,又称自动取款机。
BBS英文Bulletin Board System的缩写,公告牌系统或电子公告板。
BSS英文Base Station System的缩写,即基站系统,指移动通信中的空中接口部分。
CARM英文Chinese Association of Rehabilitation Medicine的缩写,即中国康复医学会。
CATV英文Cable Television的缩写,即有线电视。
CBD英文Central Business District的缩写,又称中央商务区。
CCEL英文China Certification Committee for Environment Labelling Production的缩写,即中国环境标志产品认证委员会。
CD-ROM英文Compact Disk-Read Only Memory的缩写,即光盘只读存储器,也就是人们常说的光驱。
CEO英文Chief Executive Officer的缩写,即首席执行官。
CET英文College English Test的缩写,即大学英语测试。
CFO英文Chief Finance Officer的缩写,即首席财务主管。
CGFNS英文Commission on Graduates of Foreign Nuring Schools的缩写,即外国护士毕业生委员会。
CGO英文Chief Government Officer的缩写,即首席沟通主管,主要负责与政府机构之间的交流与沟通。
ChinaNET英文Chian Network的缩写,即中国公用计算机网,它是政府建立的计算机网络之一,与之相对应的有中国教育网等。
常见的英语缩略词
常见的英语缩略词外贸常见英文缩略词1 C&F(cost&freight)成本加运费价的2 T/T(telegraphic transfer)电汇51Test3 D/P(document against payment)付款交单4 D/A (document against acceptance)承兑交单51Test5 C.O (certificate of origin)一般原产地证的6 G.S.P.(generalized system of preferences)普惠制51Test7 CTN/CTNS(carton/cartons)纸箱51Test8 PCE/PCS(piece/pieces)只、的个、的`支等51Test9 DL/DLS(dollar/dollars)美元51Test10 DOZ/DZ(dozen)一打11 PKG(package)一包,一捆,一扎,一件等12 WT(weight)重量51Test13 G.W.(gross weight)毛重51Test14 N.W.(net weight)净重51Test15 C/D (customs declaration)报关单51Test16 EA(each)每个,各的17 W (with)具有51Test18 w/o(without)没有51Test19 FAC(facsimile)传真51Test20 IMP(import)进口51Test21 EXP(export)出口51Test22 MAX (maximum)最大的、的最大限度的51Test23 MIN (minimum)最小的,最低限度51Test24 M 或MED (medium)中等,中级的51Test25 M/V(merchant vessel)商船51Test26 S.S(steamship)船运51Test27 MT或M/T(metric ton)公吨51Test28 DOC (document)文件、的单据51Test29 INT(international)国际的51Test30 P/L (packing list)装箱单、的明细表a-g aa.a.r against all risks 全险a/c account 帐目a/c account current 往来帐目acc acceptance;accepted 承兑;已承兑a.g.b a good brand 任何名牌a/o account of 记入…帐目a.p. additional premium 附加保险a.r. all risks 全险a/s;acc/s account sales 售货清单av;a/v average 平均数bbb bill book 出纳簿b/d bank draft 银行汇票bd. bond 债券bds. boards 董事会b/e bill of exchange 汇票bk. bank book 帐簿bkg. banking 银行业b/l bill of lading 提货单b.p.b bank post bill 银行汇票br bank rate 银行贴现率b/r;b.r. bill receivable 应收票据b.s;b.s. balance sheet 资产负债表bt bought 购入cc currency,coupon 现金,息单c/a capital account 资本帐户cad cash against document 凭单付款canclg. cancelling 取消cat. catalogue 目录cb cash book 现金簿cd cash dividend 现金折扣c.d. cum dividend 付股息报关单c and d collection and delivery 收款发货cert. certificate 证明c/f carried forward 转下页cge. carriage 运费ch custom house 海关ch.ppd charges prepaid 预付费c/l certificate insurance 保险证明书c&l cost and insurance 保险费在内价cif cost,insurance and freight 到岸价格c/o cash order 现金汇票c.o.t. change over to 转入cod cash on delivery 货到付款cont. contract 合同cr. credit 货方ctge cartage 车费cur. current 本月;现付cwo cash with order 订货即付款cy. currency 货币dd/c. deviation 贴现dd. delivered 交付de. deferred 延期deg. degree 等级dft. draft 汇票div dividend;division 红利;部门d/n debit note 欠单;借项清单dols. dollars 美元d/p documents against payment 付款交单dr. debtor drawer 债务人,借方d.r. dock receipt 存款收条d/w deposit warrant 码头仓单dely. delivery 交付eea. each 每e.d. ex dividend 股息除外eq. equivalent 等值exd. examined 已检查exs. expenses 费用ffob free on board 离岸价格f/o for order 准备出售f.p;fp fully paid 付讫frt. freight 运费ggrs.wt gross weight 毛重g.t.c. good till cancelled 未注销前有效h-zhhp horse power 马力h.p.n. horse power nominal 标称马力iib invoice book 发票簿ib ibidem(in the same place) 同前;出处同上id idem(the same) 同上i.e. id est(that is) 即,就是i/l import licence 进口许可证int. interest 利息inv. invoice 发票iou i owe you 借据,欠条jj/a joint account 共同帐户ll/c letter of credit 信用证led. ledger 总帐簿lip life insurance policy 人寿保险单ls locus sigil(place of seal) 盖印处mma my account 本人帐户m/c marginal credit 限界信贷m/d memorandum of deposit 存款单min minimum,minute 最低额;分钟mks. marks 商标mo money order 邮汇mos. months 月nne;n/e no effects 无存款n/d no dated 未注明日期n/f.n.f no funds 无款nm no mark 无商标;无标志np notary public 公证人ooa on account of 因为o/d on demand 见票即付ppa private account 私人帐户p/c price current 时价表pc. prices;piece 价格;个p.c.b petty cash book 零用现金簿pkg. package 包裹p/n promissory note 期票po postal order 汇票pob post office box 邮政信箱ppd. prepaid 预付pref. preference or preferred 优先prox. proximo(of the next month) 下月(拉) p.t.o. please turn over 转下页qq.v. quod vide(which see) 请查阅q.y. query 查核rr/d refer to drawer(banking) 请与出票接洽re. with referece to 关于recd. received 收到r.i. reinsurance 再保险r.l receipt for a loan 借据;欠条rsvp reply please 候复sect. section 部分sgd signed 已签署shr. share 股份std. standard 标准,本价stk. stock 存货,股票ttmo telegraph 电汇票tt;t/t telegraphic transfers 电汇汇票vv;vs versus(against) 对,相反vid vide(see) 参阅viz. videlicet(namely) 即v.i vending list 售货清单ww.r.t. with regard to 关于W weight ton; winter mark for load line; won 重量吨;(船舶)冬季装载线标记;(韩国)元W., w. warehouse; watt; weight; width; week 仓库;瓦特;钟量;宽;星期W.A. with average 水渍险,保单独海损险W.A.I.O.P. W.A. irrespective of percentage 单独海损不计免赔率,单独海损全赔WAG wagon 卡车WAN Wide Area Networks 泛区网络WASH Washington; washer 华盛顿;洗衣机WB, W.B. waybill 运送单WB World Bank 世界银行W.B. water ballast (以)水压载,水压舱W.B.S. without benefit to/of salvage 不享有获救财产的利益w.c., W.C. without charge; water closet 免费;洗手间WCG working capital guarantee 流动资金担保WCO World Customs Organization 世界海关组织WD when distributed (股票)发售时交割wd. warrented (品质)保证的wdth. width 广度,宽度Wed Wednesday 星期三WEF World Economic Forum 世界经济论坛W.E.T. Western European Time 西欧时间,即格林尼治时间wf. wharf 码头WFOE wholly foreign owned enterprises 外资独资企业W.G., w.g. weight guaranteed 保证质量WH watt-hour 每小时瓦特WHO World Health Organization 世界卫生组织whs, whse. warehouse 仓库whsle wholesale 批发WI when issued (股票)发行时交割WIP work in progress=goods in progress 在制品wk week; work 星期;工作Wky. weekly 每星期的,周刊wmk watermark 水印Wmk. water mark 水位标记WP weather permitting; word processing 天气允许;文字处理W.P. without prejudice 不损害(当事人)权利W.P.A. with particular average=with average 水渍险W.P.M. words per minute (电传)每分钟字数W.P.P. waterproof paper packing 防潮纸包装W.R. war risk 战争险W.R.=W.W. warehouse receipt=warehouse warrant 仓单,仓库收据Wrap worldwide receivables assurance protection 全球应收账款担保措施WT warrant (股票)认证股WT watertight (包、盒)不漏水的,防水的wt., wgt. weight 重量WTO World Trade Organization 世界贸易组织W/Tax withholding tax 预扣税WW warehouse warrant; with warrants 仓库保证;附认股权w/w wall-to-wall 覆盖全部地面的(地毯)W/W warehouse-to-warehouse 仓至仓W/W clause warehouse-to-warehouse clause 仓至仓条款a accepted 承兑aa auditing administration (中国)审计署aaa 最佳等级abs. abstract 摘要a/c, a/c account 帐户、帐目a/c, a/c account current 往来帐户、活期存款帐户a&c addenda and corrigenda 补遗和勘误acc. acceptance or accepted 承兑accrd.int accrued interest 应计利息acct. account 帐户、帐目acct. accountant 会计师、会计员acct. accounting 会计、会计学account number 帐户编号、帐号acct.tit. account title 帐户名称、会计科目acn air consignment 航空托运单a/c no. account number 帐户编号、帐号acpt. acceptance or accepted 承兑a/cs pay. accounts payable 应付帐款a/cs rec. accounts receivable 应收帐款act advance corporation tax 预扣公司税acu asia currency unit 亚洲货币单位a.c.v actual cash value 实际现金价值a.d., a/d after date 开票后、出票后adrs asset depreciation range system 固定资产分组折旧法adv. advance 预付款ad.val.,a/v ad valorem to (according value) 从价agt. agent 代理人agt. agreement 协议、契约aje adjusting journal entries 调整分录amt. amount 金额、总数ann. annuity 年金a/p account paid 已付账款a/p account payable 应付帐款a/p accounting period 会计期间a/p advise and pay 付款通知a/r account receivable 应收帐款a/r at the rate of 以……比例a/r all risks (保险)全险arr. arrivals, arrived 到货、到船a/s, a/s after sight 见票即付a/s,acc/s account sales 承销帐、承销清单,售货清单asap as soon as possible 尽快asr acceptance summary report 验收ass. assessment 估征、征税assimt. assignment 转让、让与atc average total cost平均总成本atm at the money 仅付成本钱atm automatic teller machine 自动取款机(柜员机)ats automated trade system 自动交易系统ats automatic transfer service 自动转移服务attn. attention 注意atty. attorney 代理人auct. auction 拍卖aud. auditor 审计员、审计师av. average平均值a.w. all wool 纯羊毛a/w air waybill 空运提单a/w actual weight 实际重量电脑英语缩略词探讨本文分析电脑英语缩略词产生的。
常用的16个英语口语缩略词
常用的16个英语口语缩略词“I gotta go.”“Get outta here.”“You wanna know?”听到这些英语,你的脑海中是不是自不过然的显现出老外说话的样子?这就是让英语变溜的秘诀之一。
在别人的耳朵里,听见老外的俗话自然会觉得很地道。
如果你能够在掌握一定英语的基础上,又掌握这些地道的英语俗话表达方法,自然会让人雌雄莫辩。
那么,在英语中有哪些常见的口语缩略呢?今天小编为你整理了16个高频词,都是经常被用到的。
在学习的同时,也别忘记模仿老外的样子说来练习。
(注意:在单词中【’】符号表示缩略。
)1. gonna - 将要去做……原型:going to例:This isn't gonna be easy.(这可不简单)2. wanna - 想要……原型:want to / want a例:I wanna date you.(我想和你来个约会)3. c’mon - 赶紧,拜托原型:come on例:C’mon! You are gonna lose!(赶紧,你要输了!)4. doin’ - 正在做……原型:doing(省去了g的发音,绝大部分人其实都在说doin’而不是doin(g),后者在末尾有很轻的g发音)例:You must be kiddin’ me.(你一定是在开我玩笑吧)5. dunno - 不知道原型:don’t know例:I dunno how to spell the phrase “I don’t know”.(我不知道怎么拼写“我不知道”)6. nope - 不原型:no例:Nope. I’m not a bad guy at a ll.(不,我根本不是一个坏家伙)7. yep / yeah / ya - 是原型:yes例:Yep, you got the right answer.(对,你找到了准确答案)8. ya - 你原型:you例:It’s time to go, see ya!(要走了,再见)9. gotcha - 逮到你了原型:got you例:I gotcha! C’mon we need to help Robert.(我逮到你了!赶紧我们要去协助Robert)10. gotta - 必须原型:got to例:It’s too late, I gotta go(太晚了,我得走了)11. outta - 离开原型:out of例:I don’t wanna see you anymore, gut outta here,now!(我不想再看到你了,现在马上就出去!)12. kinda - 有点儿(偏美式)原型:kind of例:You kinda look tired(你看起来有点累)13. sorta - 有点儿(偏英式)原型:sort of例:I’m sorta tired(我有点儿累)14. oughta - 应该原型:ought to例:You oughta take care of yourself.(你应该要照顾好自己)15. ain’t - 不是 / 没有原型:am not / are not / is not / have not / has not(多个短语的共同简称)例:1) I ain’t a genius.(我不是个天才)2) I ain’t had my lunch.(我还没吃午饭)3) He ain’t finished his homework.(他还没完成他的作业)4) This ain’t true, because he ain’t been promoted yet.(这不是真的,因为他还没被升职)16. wassup - 怎么了 / 你好(打招呼)原型:what’s up例:Hey man wassup!(嘿伙计你好)。
英语缩略词技巧
一、缩略词英语当中缩略词使用的频率很高,如IMP: important, ASAP: as soon as possible。
很显然如果能熟练掌握缩略词,会对考试大有裨益。
缩略词的写法一般为四种方式:1.拿掉所有元音MKT: market MGR: manager MSG: message STD: standard RCV: receive2.保留前几个字母INFO :information INS :insurance EXCH exchange I owe you IOU In stead of I/O3.保留开头和结尾个发音字母WK:week RM:room PL:people4.根据发音R :are THO:though THRU:through缩略词原词APT :Apartment ACC:Accountant ACDG :AccordingACPT: Accept AD :Advertisement ADS :AddressADV:Advice AMAP :As much/many as possibleAMT:Amount APV :Approve ASAP :As soon as possibleBAL :Balance BLDG :Building CERT CertificateCFM :Conform CNCL :Cancel CNF:ConferenceCMI :Commission CMP :Complete CMPE :Compete/competitiveCMU :Communication CONC :Concern/concerning/concerned COND :Condition CO. :Company DEPT:Department DISC :DepartureEXCH:Exchange EXPLN:Explain EXT:ExtentFLT :Final FRT:Freight FYR :For your referenceGD :Good GUAR :Guarantee H.O. Home officeINFO :Information IMPS :Impossible IMP(T):ImportantINCD :Include INDIV :Individual INS:InsuranceINTST :Interested I/O :In stead of IOU :I owe youIVO:In view of MANUF :Manufacture MDL :ModelMEMO :Memorandum MGR :Manger MIN :MinimumMKT :Market MSG :Message NCRY :NecessaryNLT :No later than OBS :Observe OBT :ObtainORD :Ordinary PAT :Patent PC :PiecePKG :Packing PL :People PLS :PleasePOSN:Position POSS(BL):Possible PROD:ProductQLTY:Quality QUTY:Quantity RCV:ReceiveREF :Reference REGL :Regular REP :RepresentativeRESN:Reservation RPT :Repeat RESPON :ResponsibleSEC:Section SITN :Situation STD :StandardTEL :Telephone TEMP :Temporary TGM :TelegraphTHO :Though TKS :Thanks TRD :TradeTRF:Traffic TTL :Total U :YouUR :Your WK :Week WL :WillWT :Weight XL:Extra large二、字母、图像Z 表示"人"people/person,因为"Z"看上去像个人头,它通常被写在一个词或符号的右上角。
英语缩略词
英语缩略词一、缩略词英语当中缩略词使用的频率很高,如IMP: important, ASAP: as soon as possible。
很显然如果能熟练掌握缩略词,会对考试大有裨益。
缩略词的写法一般为四种方式:F拿掉所有元音MKT: marketMGR: managerMSG: messageSTD: standardRCV: receiveF保留前几个字母INFO :informationINS :insuranceEXCH exchangeI owe you IOUIn stead of I/OF保留开头和结尾个发音字母WK:weekRM:roomPL:peopleF根据发音R :areTHO:thoughTHRU:through缩略词原词APT :ApartmentACC:AccountantACDG :AccordingACPT: AcceptAD :AdvertisementADS :AddressADV:AdviceAMAP :As much/many as possible AMT:AmountAPV :ApproveASAP :As soon as possibleBAL :BalanceBLDG :BuildingCERT CertificateCFM :ConformCNCL :CancelCNF:ConferenceCMI :CommissionCMP :CompleteCMPE :Compete/competitiveCMU :CommunicationCONC :Concern/concerning/concerned COND :ConditionCO. :CompanyDEPT:DepartmentDISC :DepartureEXCH:Exchange EXPLN:ExplainEXT:ExtentFLT :FinalFRT:FreightFYR :For your reference GD :GoodGUAR :GuaranteeH.O. Home officeINFO :Information IMPS :ImpossibleIMP(T):Important INCD :IncludeINDIV :Individual INS:InsuranceINTST :InterestedI/O :In stead ofIOU :I owe you IVO:In view of MANUF :Manufacture MDL :ModelMEMO :Memorandum MGR :MangerMIN :MinimumMKT :MarketMSG :Message NCRY :Necessary NLT :No later than OBS :ObserveOBT :ObtainORD :OrdinaryPAT :PatentPC :PiecePKG :PackingPL :PeoplePLS :Please POSN:Position POSS(BL):Possible PROD:Product QLTY:Quality QUTY:Quantity RCV:ReceiveREF :Reference REGL :RegularREP :Representative RESN:Reservation RPT :Repeat RESPON :Responsible SEC:SectionSITN :SituationSTD :StandardTEL :TelephoneTEMP :TemporaryTGM :TelegraphTHO :ThoughTKS :ThanksTRD :TradeTRF:TrafficTTL :TotalU :YouUR :YourWK :WeekWL :WillWT :WeightXL:Extra large二、字母、图像Z 表示“人”people/person,因为“Z”看上去像个人头,它通常被写在一个词或符号的右上角。
常见英语缩略词大全
英文Asymmetrical Digital Subscriber Line的缩写,又名网络快车。
APEC英文Asian-Pacific Economic Cooperation的缩写,即亚太经济合作组织。
AQ英文Adversity Quotient的缩写,逆境商数,指一个人处理逆境的能力。
ATM英文Automatic Teller Machine的缩写,即自动柜员机,又称自动取款机。
BBS英文Bulletin Board System的缩写,公告牌系统或电子公告板。
BSS英文Base Station System的缩写,即基站系统,指移动通信中的空中接口部分。
CARM英文Chinese Association of Rehabilitation Medicine的缩写,即中国康复医学会。
CATV英文Cable Television的缩写,即有线电视。
CBD英文Central Business District的缩写,又称中央商务区。
CCEL英文China Certification Committee for Environment Labelling Production的缩写,即中国环境标志产品认证委员会。
:CD-ROM英文Compact Disk-Read Only Memory的缩写,即光盘只读存储器,也就是人们常说的光驱。
CEO英文Chief Executive Officer的缩写,即首席执行官。
CET英文College English Test的缩写,即大学英语测试。
CFO英文Chief Finance Officer的缩写,即首席财务主管。
CGFNS英文Commission on Graduates of Foreign Nuring Schools的缩写,即外国护士毕业生委员会。
CGO英文Chief Government Officer的缩写,即首席沟通主管,主要负责与政府机构之间的交流与沟通。
常用的150个英语缩略词,收藏备用
常用的150个英语缩略词,收藏备用AAAA --- American Association of Advertising Agencies 美国广告业协会,俗称4AABC --- Agricultural Bank of China 中国农业银行A.D. --- Anno Domini 公元Ad---advertisement 广告Adj. --- adjective 形容词Adv. --- adverb 副词A.E--- American English 美式英语AFAIK --- As Far As I Know 就我所知AI --- Artificial Intelligence 人工智能AIDS --- Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome 艾滋病AM --- Ante Meridiem 上午;午前;AL--- annual leave 年假APEC --- Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation 亚太经济合作组织API --- Air Pollution Index 空气污染指数--- Application 应用软件Approx. --- Approximate 大约Apr. --- April 四月ASAP---as soon as possible 尽快Asst. --- assistant 助理ATM--- Automatic Teller Machine 自动取款机Aug. --- August 八月Ave ---Avenue 街道AVG---Average 平均A/V---Audio/Video 音频/视频A/W---actual weight 净重,实际重量AWOL---Absent Without Leave 擅离职守的BBL --- be back later 稍后回来B.C. --- Before Christ 公元前BCC --- Blind Carbon Copy (邮件)密送B2B:Business to Business 公司对公司B2C --- Business to Consumer 企业到消费者B4N --- Bye for Now 暂时聊到这里B4---Before 以前B/C---Because 因为BBS --- Bulletin Board System电子布告栏,国内统称为论坛;BR: Best Regards:一般都用在邮件结尾处,是“诚挚问候”的意思BS: brainstorming 头脑风暴BTW: by the way:顺便说一下,或是说句题外话的意思CAAC --- Civil Aviation Administration of China 中国民航CC: carbon copy:邮件抄送CBD--- Central Business District中央商务区CEO ---首席执行官;执行总裁 chief executive officerCFO--- Chief Financial Officer首席财务官CHN --- China 中国CNY --- China Yuan 人民币Co. --- pany 公司C.P.A. --- Certified Public Accountant注册会计师CTO--- Chief Technology Officer首席技术官CS --- Counter-Strike 反恐精英Con-call --- conference call 电话会议CRM --- customer relationship management 客户关系管理CPA ---Certified Public Accountant 注册会计师CCTV --- China Center Television 中国中央电视台CUL --- see you later 一会儿见Dec. --- December 十二月Dept. --- Department 部,司,局,系,科DIY --- Do It Yourself 自己动手做DOB---Date Of Birth 出生日期Dr. --- doctor 博士;医生DIIK --- Damned if I know 我真的不知道e.g. --- for example 例如EMS --- Express Mail Service邮政特快专递服务EQ--- Emotional Quotient 情商etc. --- et cetera 等等;及其他EOD --- end of the day 下班前Et al. ---et alii ……等人esp. --- especially 尤其Encl. ---enclosure 随信附上EDM ---email direct marketing 电子邮件营销FLU --- Influenza 流行性感冒FYI --- for your information 给你看下,供你参考FW ---forward 邮件转发FAQ --- frequently asked question 常被问到的问题FYR --- for your reference 供参考GDP---Gross Domestic Product 国内生产总值GPS --- Global Position System全球定位系统GYM---Gymnasium 体育馆GM--- General Manager 总经理HRLY --- Hourly 每小时i.e. --- id est(拉丁)那就是FB --- feed back 反馈Feb. --- February 二月HQ---Headquarters 总部ID --- Identity身份IMO---In My Opinion 我认为IPR---Intellectual Property Rights 知识产权IQ---Intelligence Quotient 智商IT --- information technology 信息技术IOU--- I owe you 欠条;IEKA --- Ingvar Kamprad Elmtaryd Agunnaryd 宜家家居Jan. --- January 一月IMF --- International Monetary Fund 国际货币基金组织IRC --- International Red Cross 国际红十字会KFC --- Kentucky Fried Chicken 肯德基KPI : key performance indicator关键业绩指标,简单地说就是工作指标lbs. --- pounds磅Ltd. --- limited 有限的,股份有限Mar. --- March 三月MAX --- Maximum 最大的、最大限度的mm---Millimeter 毫米MBA --- Master of Bossiness Administration 工商管理硕士Nov. --- November 十一月Oct. --- October 十月OTOH --- On The Other Hand 另一方面OT --- overtime 加班Q&A --- question and answer 问答pls. --- please 请PRC --- People's Republic of China 中国PO---Post Office 邮局RPS --- Rock, Paper, Scissors 石头,剪刀,布PS: Photoshop指图像处理软件PS: postscript 备注,附言,补充说明,一般用在邮件末尾R.I.P. --- Rest In Peace “安息”。
英语词典中的那些缩略语
英语词典中的那些缩略语英语词典中的那些缩略语在词典里,无论是手机词典还是传统的词典书,我们肯定会遇到一种叫做“缩略词”的的东西。
它们要么表示各种词性、要么对词条加以说明性解释。
了解这些缩略词的含义,可以更好的关心我们理解词条。
下面是我为您收集整理的英语词典中的那些缩略语,供大家参考!英语词典中的那些缩略语一. 各种表示词性(part of speech)的缩略语n.[C] 或 CN=countablenoun 可数名词n.[U] 或 UN=uncountable noun 不行数名词v.[T] 或 vt=transitiveverb 及物动词v.[I] 或 vi=intransitive verb 不及物动词a 或 adj=adjective 形容词ad 或 adv=adverb 副词conj=conjunction 连接词prep=preposition 介词pron=pronoun 代词int=interjection 感叹词abbr=abbreviation 缩写,缩略语二. 各种对词条加以说明的解释性缩略语 esp=especially 尤指;尤用于usu=usually 通常作pl=prural 复数形式sing=singular 单数形式pers pron=personal pronoun 人称代词 attrib=attributive 用作定语pred=predicative 用作表语pref=prefix 前缀suff=suffix 后缀neg=negative 否定式euph=euphemistic 委婉语fig=figurative 比方用法idm=idiom 习语fml=formal 正式用语;书面语infml=informal 通俗用语;口语ironic 讽刺用语;反语joc=jocular 戏谑语compar=comparative form 比较级superl=superlative form 最高级approv=approving褒义derog=derogatory贬义app=appendix 附录dialect 方言sl=slang 俚语taboo避讳语non-standard 不规范用法old-fashioned 过时用法rare 罕见用法BrE 或 Brit=British English 英式英语AmE 或 US=American/United States English 美式英语 ScotE=Scottish English 苏格兰英语IrE=Irish English 爱尔兰英语CanE=Canadian English 加拿大英语AustrE 或 Austral=Australian English 澳大利亚英语NZE=New Zealand English 新西兰英语InE=Indian English 印度英语高中英语学问点虚拟语气对非现实的表达虚拟语气包含两种:一种指与事实相反或不行能发生。
英语笔译笔记常用缩略词大全[精品]
英语笔译笔记常用缩略词大全[精品]英语口译笔记常用缩略词大全进行英语口译时,大家可能常会用到一些缩略词做一些简单的笔记。
这里为大家总结了较全的缩略词,首先为大家介绍的是缩略词A—C acc = account, accountant acdg = accordingacpt = acceptad = advertisement adm = administration ads = addressadv = adviceagr = agricultureagt = agentalt = altitudea.m. = ante meridiem = before noonAMAP = as much as possibleamb = ambassadoramt = amountanal = analysisanc = ancientanon = anonymousans = answerapp = appendixApr = Aprilapt = apartmentarch = architecturearr = arrive; arrivalASAP = as soon as possibleass = assistant; associationat = atmosphere; atomicatt = attorney; attentionAug = Augustaux = auxiliaryav = averageave = avenuea.w.l. = absent with leave (准假)a.w.o.l. = absent without official leave (无故缺席) B.A. = Bachelor of Artsbal = balanceB.C. = before Christbd = boardbdl = bundlebk = bank; bookbkts = basketsB/L = bill of lading (提单)BLDG = buildingbp = birthplacebr = branch; brotherB.S. = Bachelor of Sciencebu = bureauC = capacity; century; chapter; centigrade; cost; city; center cal = calendar; caliber; caloriescap = capital; captaincat = catalogcc = carbon copy (复印件;抄送)CEO = chief executive officercert = certificateCFM = confirmcncl = cancelcp. = comparecit = citizenciv = civil; civilizationclk = clerkcml = commercialco. = companyc/o = care of(转交)col = college; colorcom = commentary; common; communication; communitycomm = commissioncomp = complete; computer; competitioncon = conclusion; againstcond = conditioncont. = continent; continuedcorp = corporationcust = customer; custom; customs上文我们为大家总结了英语口译缩略词A—C的内容,这里为大家总结的英语口译笔记常用缩略词区间段D—K的词汇。
【小升初英语】常见缩略词、同音词、近义词和反义词
小升初英语常见缩略词、同音词、近义词和反义词缩略词1.系动词、助动词、情态动词的缩写is not = isn’t are not = aren’t do not =don’twas not = wasn’t were not = weren’t does not = doesn’tdid not = didn’t has not = hasn’t have not = haven’twill not = won’t cannot = can’t must not=mustn’twould not = wouldn’t could not= couldn’t should not = shouldn’t2.代词与系动词或助动词的缩写I am = I’m you are = you’re he is = he’sshe is = she’s it is = it’s we are = we’rethey are = they’ re that is = that’s I will = I’llyou will = you’ll he will = he’ll she will = she’llit will = it’ll we will = we’ll they will = they’llI would (like)= I’d (like)he would (like)= he’d (like)she would (like)= she'd (like)3.疑问词与系动词的缩写what is = what’s who is = who’s when is = when’show is = how’s4.其他let u s =let’s同音词b-be(是)-bee(蜜蜂)c-see(看见)-sea(海洋)i-I(我)-eye(眼睛)r-ah(啊)-are(是)t-tea(茶)u-you(你,你们)y-why(为什么)aunt(阿姨)-aren’t(不是blue(蓝色)-blew(blow 过去式)by-bye(再见)-buy(买)dear(亲爱的)-deer(鹿)here(这里)-hear(听见)eight(八)-ate(eat 过去式)for(为了)-four(四)h igh(高的)-hi(你好)it’s(它是)-its(它的)know(知道)-no(不)meet(遇见)-meat(肉)new(新的)-knew(know 过去式)one(一)-won(win 过去式)our(我们的)-hour(小时)pair(双,对)-pear(梨)red(红色)-read(read 过去式)right(正确的;右边)-write(写)road(公路)-rode(ride过去式)son(儿子)-sun(太阳)there(那里)-their(他/她/它们的)through (通过)-threw(throw 过去式)too(也)-to(向(-two(二)week(星期(-weak(虚弱的)where(哪里)-wear(穿)whose(谁的)-who's(谁是;是谁)wood(木材)-would(将要)近义词Aa lot of-lots of-many-much许多 a moment ago-just now 刚才Bbe from-come from 来自be good at-do well in 擅长beautiful-pretty-nice 漂亮的begin-start 开始Ccap-hat 帽子class-lesson 课come out-get out 出来Ddesk-table 桌子Eeverybody-everyone 每人Gglad-happy 高兴的glass-cup 杯子go home-come home 回家Hhi-hello 你好home-house 房子Iill-sick生病的Llarge-big 大的learn-study 学习like-love 喜欢listen-hear 听little-small 小的look for-find 找look-see-watch 看Mmetro-subway 地铁Nnear-beside 在...旁边Oof course-sure 当然OK-all right 好的Pphoto-picture 照片Qquick-fast 快的Ssmile-laugh 笑some-any 一些speak-say-talk 说take a walk-go for a walk 散步Ttall-high 高的toilet-restroom 厕所too-either 也Wwork-job 工作would like-want 想要反义词(对应词)1.名词a.m.(上午)-p.m.(下午)answer(答案)-question(问题)back(背面)-front(前面)boy(男孩)-girl(女孩)cock(公鸡)-hen(母鸡)day(白天)-night(黑夜)east(东方)-west(西方)first(第一)-last(最后)left (左边)-right(右边)man(男人)-woman(女人)Mr(先生)-Mrs(夫人,太太)town(城镇)-country(乡下)2.动词ask(问)-answer(回答)bring(带来)-take(带去)buy(买)-sell(卖)come(来)-go(去)finish(结束)-begin/start(开始)forget(忘记)-remember。
常用英语缩略词表
常用英语缩略词表缩略词的写法一般为四种方式:1、拿掉所有元音MKT: marketMGR: managerMSG: messageSTD: standardRCV: receive2、保留前几个字母INFO:informationINS: insuranceEXCH: exchangeIOU: I owe youI/O: In stead of3、保留开头和结尾个发音字母WK: weekRM: roomPL: people4、根据发音R: areTHO: thoughTHRU: through5、较长单词的处理办法-ism 简写为m 例如:socialism Sm-tion 简写为 n 例如:standardization stdn-cian 简写为 o 例如:technician techo-ing 简写为g 例如:marketing MKTg-ed 简写为 d 例如:accepted acptd-able/ible/ble 简写为 bl 例如:available avbl -ment 简写为 mt 例如:amendment amdmt -ize 简写为 z 例如:recognize regz-ful 简写为 fl 例如:meaningful mnfl-t ity,oty,ety,uty-k ical,acle,icle,cal-g ology,alogy,ulogy-v ive,sive,tive-l ly,ely,ily-n ness-p ple,ply-n sion, tion-st st,est,ist,ost-s us,ous,iousa- accom, accorag- aggra, aggre, agrec- circu, circumk- cog, col,con,com,cord- des,dism- em,imn- en,inx- extra,extrih- hydra,hydroN insta,inste,instiI inter,enter,intro,intrenK incla,incli.incluL letter,litermG magna,magniM misP pr,per,pur,pre,pro,priR reco,recom,recon.recorrK recla,recli.recluS suspe,suspi,suscepT transU ulta,ulte,ultiV. Suffix ---------------------B ble,able,ible,ably,iblyg/ age" ance,inse,ancy,ensy+ and,end,ant,entr/ ary,ery,ory,uryN antic,enticT atic,etic,itic,oticS asict,istic,ostic,usticJ cient,cience,sient,tience' cial,sual,tual,tial,tially: der,ter,tor,therv/ everF ful,fullyf/ fication, ing一、简写数学符号S = sumf = frequencyLeave out periods in standard abbreviations. cf = comparee.g. = exampledept = departmentUse only the first syllable of a word.pol = politicsdem = democracylib = liberalcap = capitalismUse entire first syllable and only 1st letter of 2nd syllable.pres = presentationsubj = subjectind = individualcons = conservativeEliminate final letters. Use just enough of the word to form a recognizable abbreviation.assoc = associatebiol = biologyinfo = informationach = achievementchem = chemistrymax = maximumintro = introductionconc = concentrationmin = minimumrep = repetitionOmit vowels, retain only enough consonants to give a recognizable skeleton of the word.ppd = preparedprblm = problemestmt = estimatebkgd = backgroundgvt = governmentUse an apostrophe in place of letters.am't = amountcont'd = continuedgov't = governmenteducat'l = educationalForm the plural of a symbol or abbreviated word by adding s.chpts = chaptersegs = examplesfs = frequenciesintros = introductionsUse g to represent ing endings.ckg = checkingestg = establishingdecrg = decreasingexptg = experimentingSpell out short words such as in, at, to, but, for, and key. Abbreviations or symbols for short words will make the notes too dense with shorthand.Leave out unimportant words.Leave out the words a and the.If a term, phrase, or name is written out in full during the lecture, substitute initials whenever the term, phrase, or name is used again. For example, Center for Aerospace Sciences becomes CAS thereafter.Use symbols for commonly recurring connective or transitional words. & = andw/ = withw/o = withoutvs = against\ = therefore= = is or equalUse technical symbols where applicable.zb = German, for exampleibid = Latin, the same worko = degreesH2O = waterMore reference:Use standard maths, accounting, and science symbols. Examples:+ plus// parallelUse standard abbreviations and leave out full stops. Examples:eg exampleIT dept Information Technology departmentUK United KingdomUse only the first syllable of a word. Examples:mar marketingcus customercli clientUse the entire first syllable and the first letter of the second syllable. Examples:subj subjectbudg budgetind individualTo distinguish among various forms of the same word, use the first syllable of the word, an apostrophe, and the ending of the word. Examples: tech'gy technologygen'ion generalisationdel'y deliveryUse just enough of the beginning of a word to form a recognisable abbreviation. Examples:assoc associatedach achievementinfo informationOmit vowels from the middle of words, retaining only enough consonants to provide a recognisable skeleton of the word. Examples:bkgd backgroundmvmt movementprblm problemForm the plural of a symbol or abbreviated word by adding 's.' Examples: custs customersfs frequencies/s ratiosUse 'g' to represent 'ing' endings. Examples:decrg decreasingckg checkingestblg establishingSpell out, rather than abbreviate short words. Examples:inbutaskeyLeave out unimportant verbs. Examples:iswaswereLeave out unnecessary articles. Examples:aantheIf a term, phrase, or name is initially written out in full during the talk or meeting, initials can be substituted whenever the term, phrase, or name is used again. Example:January Advertising Campaign Budget JACBUse symbols for common connective or transition words. Examples:@ at2 to4 for& andw/ withw/o withoutvs againstCreate your own set of abbreviations and symbols. You may wish to developseparate sets of symbols and abbreviations for different courses or subjects.Other Symbols and Abbreviationsas a result of / consequences of <——>resulting in ——>and / also +equal to / same as =following ffmost importantly *less than <greater than > especially esp/缩略词原词acc = account, accountantacdg = accordingacpt = acceptad = advertisementadm = administrationads = addressadv = adviceagr = agricultureagt = agentalt = altitudea.m. = ante meridiem = before noonAMAP = as much as possibleamb = ambassadoramt = amountanal = analysisanc = ancientanon = anonymousans = answerapp = appendixApr = Aprilapt = apartmentarch = architecturearr = arrive; arrivalASAP = as soon as possibleass = assistant; associationat = atmosphere; atomicatt = attorney; attentionAug = Augustaux = auxiliaryav = averagebal = balancebldg = buildingb4 = before(以前)Brb = be right back(即刻回来)Btw = by the way(顺便提及)co. = companyc/o = care of(转交)col = college; colorcom = commentary; common; communication; community comm = commissioncomp = complete; computer; competition/competitivecon = conclusion; againstcond = conditioncont. = continent; continuedcorp = corporationcust = customer; custom; customscert = certificatecfm = conformcncl = cancelcnf = conferencecmu = communicationconc = concern/concerning/concerneddec = decemberdec = deceased; declarationdef = defender; defensedeg = degreedep = depositdept = departmentdisc = discountdist = distance; distinguishdiv = divide; divorceddo. = ditto (同上)dorm = dormitorydz = dozenDL or D/L下载Downloade = east; earth; engineeringecon = economics; economyed. = education; editore.g. = exempli gratia = for exampleencl. = enclosed; enclosureesp. = especiallyetc. = et cetera = and so onex. = example; exception; extraexp. = exportexpln = explainext = extend; extensionexch = exchangeFAX = facsimileFeb. = Februaryfem = female; feminineff. = followingfig = figuresfin = finance; financialfl = fluidflt = flightFOB = free on board (船上交货;离岸价格) for = foreign; forestryfp = freezing pointfr = frequentFri. = Fridayfrt = freight (货物;货运)ft = foot; feet (脚;英寸)fut = futureFYR = for your reference (仅供参考)FYI : For Your Informationg = gold; grain; guide; gender; gravityG.A. = General Assembly (联合国大会) gen. = generallygent = gentleman; gentlemengm = gram; general managergov = governmentgs = general secretary (秘书长)guar = guaranteegz = greeze(惊讶)h = harbor; hundred; husband; hydrogen hd = head (头部;首脑)hf = halfHon = honorable; honoraryH.Q. = headquartershr = hourht = heighthypoth = hypothesis; hypotheticalH.O. = Home officei.a. = in absence; absentib. = ibidem = in the same placeID = identity; identity cardi.e. = id est = that isimp = import; imperialimps = impossibleimpt = importantin. = inch; inchesind = industrial; independentindiv = individualinfo = informationins = insuranceinst. = instant; instituteint. = interior; interest (兴趣;利息)I/O = instead ofIOU = I owe you (借据)I.Q. = intelligence quotientIVO = in view of (鉴于,考虑到)is. = islandincd = includeintst = interestedIVO = In view ofIC = I see了解IMHO = in my humble opinion(以我个人谦逊的看法) J = judge; justicejour = journal; journalistjr. = junior (大学三年级学生; 年少的; 初级的)kg = kilogram (千克;公斤)km = kilometer (公里)lat. = latitudelb. = pounds (磅;英镑)L/C = letter of credit (信用证)leg = legallib = library; librarianliq = liquidlit = literaturelong. = longitudeM.A. = Master of Artsmach = machinerymag = magazineman. = manual; manufactureMar = Marchmath = mathematicsmdl = model (型号;模特)mdm = Madammed. = medicine; medicalmem = member; memoir (回忆录)memo = memorandum (备忘录)mid = middlemin = minute; minimummkt. = marketmod = moderate; modernMon. = Mondaymph = mile per hour (每小时英里数; 车速) Mr. = MisterMrs. = MistressMS = manuscripts (手稿)msg = messageMt = Mount; mountainmus = music; museumn = north; noon; name; normalnat = national; native; naturaln.d. = no date (无日期)NLT = not later than (不迟于)No. = numberNov. = Novembernr = nearncry = necessaryNLT = No later thanobj = object; objectiveobs = obsolete (过时的); observeobt = obtainOct. = Octoberoff. = office; officialop. = opera; operation; oppositeord = ordinaryorg = organizationorig = originaloz. = ounce (盎司)p. = page; power; pressure para = paragraphpart = particular; partnerpass = passive; passenger pat = patentpayt = paymentpc = piece; personal computer pd. = paid (钱款)已付perf = perform; performance Ph.D. = Doctor of Philosophy pkg = packingpl = peoplepls = pleaseposn = positionposs(bl) = possibleprod = productqlty = qualityquty = Quantityrcv = receiveref = referenceregl =regularrep = representativeresn = reservationrpt = repeatrespon = responsiblesec = sectionsitn = situationstd = standardttl = totalTu. = TuesdayT.U. = Trade Union (英)工会tel = telephonetemp = temporaryTgm = telegraphtho = thoughtks = thankstrd = tradetrf = trafficU = YouUR = YourUL or U/L= Upload 上载ult = ultimateUN = United Nationsuniv = universityup = upperusu. = usuallyvil = villageV.P. = Vice Presidentvs. = versusv.v. = vice versa (反之亦然) wel = welcome; welfarewk = weekwl = willwt =weightXL = extra large (特大号) the = -for fthat -tfrom frand &if .fare ris zhe ebe bor oyou uto tyour urin nan aof vso sat @me mall lthey -ybut btthis -swould (dthere -rwhich (chas hswhat (thad hdwas (shave hvwhom (mshe )ewill (lshall )lwhen (nmost m-can knmy m.go gnew nwsome smany ancould kdfirst /-thing -,well (elthink -nksay sado dnext nxlie l.until tltime t.mcannot kntsend s+more movery vreasy ez专有名词缩写GDP-国民生产总值GNP-国内生产总值5yrP-five year planSOE-国有企业FIE-外资企业JV-合资企业JCCT China-US Joint Commission on Commerce and Trade 中美商贸联委SH shanghai。
常见英语缩略词大全
ADSL Asymmetrical Digital Subscriber Line 又名网络快车。
APEC Asian-Pacific Economic Cooperation 即亚太经济合作组织。
AQ Adversity Quotient逆境商数. CATV Cable Television即有线电视BBS Bulletin Board System 公告牌系统或电子公告板。
BSS Base Station System 即基站系统,指移动通信中的空中接口部分。
CARM Chinese Association of Rehabilitation Medicine 即中国康复医学会。
CBD Central Business District又称中央商务区。
CCEL China Certification Committee for Environment Labelling Production即中国环境标志产品认证委员会。
CD-ROM Compact Disk-Read Only Memory即光盘只读存储器即光驱。
CEO Chief Executive Officer即首席执行官。
CET College English Test即大学英语测试。
CFO Chief Finance Officer即首席财务主管。
CI Corporate Identity即企业形象统一战略,CID Central Information District即中央信息区。
CIO Chief Information Officer即首席信息主管,也称信息中心主任。
CPA Certified Public Accountant即注册会计师CPI Consumer Price Index,即全国居民消费价格指数。
CPU Central Processing Unit又称微处理器,CS customer satisfaction顾客满意度。
英语缩略词[精彩]
ProfAIDSCEOOPECDNA简化用词是各种语言都存在的现象,也是现代英语词汇的特点之一。
把词的音节加以省略或简化而产生的词,统称为缩略词或缩略语。
为适应现代生活节奏,英语整体发展趋向简化,词语向单音节发展,缩略语不断增加,使用越来越广泛。
正确理解和运用缩略词,可以增进沟通,提高学习和工作效率。
本文针对应用中的常见问题,把缩略词的一些基本知识概括总结如下,供大家参考。
1. 缩略词的分类英语缩略词大致可分为四类,不同种类有不同的构成或读写规则。
了解其分类有助于理解记忆,避免错误的读写。
(1)首字母缩略词(Initialism),如:DNA, CDCP(The Centers for DiseaseControl and Prevention美国疾病控制与预防中心),CEO等。
(2)首字母拼音词(Acronym),如SARS(Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome),OPEC等。
(3)截短词(Clipped Words)其中还分为后截法,如convict→con;前截法,如omnibus→bus;前后截法,如influenza→flu;中截法,如:fossilization→fossilation等。
(4)拼缀词(Blend),如motor+hotel→motel, breakfast+lunch→brunch, advertising+statistics→advertistics(广告统计学)等。
2. 缩略规则缩略词在抽取字母或音节时大多遵循一定的规则。
(1)采用短语中每个词或关键词的首字母组成缩写,如BBC(British Broadcasting Corporation,英国广播公司),LRCS(League of Red CrossSociety,红十字会)。
(2)采用词的前2个或3个字母组成缩略形式,如Pro.(professor), Fr(fruit)。
常见英语缩略词大全
英文Asymmetrical Digital Subscriber Line的缩写,又名网络快车。
APEC英文Asian-Pacific Economic Cooperation的缩写,即亚太经济合作组织。
AQ英文Adversity Quotient的缩写,逆境商数,指一个人处理逆境的能力。
ATM英文Automatic Teller Machine的缩写,即自动柜员机,又称自动取款机。
BBS英文Bulletin Board System的缩写,公告牌系统或电子公告板。
BSS英文Base Station System的缩写,即基站系统,指移动通信中的空中接口部分。
CARM英文Chinese Association of Rehabilitation Medicine的缩写,即中国康复医学会。
CATV英文Cable Television的缩写,即有线电视。
CBD英文Central Business District的缩写,又称中央商务区。
CCEL英文China Certification Committee for Environment Labelling Production的缩写,即中国环境标志产品认证委员会。
CD-ROM英文Compact Disk-Read Only Memory的缩写,即光盘只读存储器,也就是人们常说的光驱。
CEO英文Chief Executive Officer的缩写,即首席执行官。
CET英文College English Test的缩写,即大学英语测试。
CFO英文Chief Finance Officer的缩写,即首席财务主管。
CGFNS英文Commission on Graduates of Foreign Nuring Schools的缩写,即外国护士毕业生委员会。
CGO英文Chief Government Officer的缩写,即首席沟通主管,主要负责与政府机构之间的交流与沟通。
英语中的缩略词
缩写需要用大写字母吗?缩写需要用句号吗?什么时候可以使用缩略符呢?英语中的缩略通常分为几种,而缩略词的写法也通常取决于它到底属于缩略中的哪一类。
那么,我们就来看看英语中的缩略词分类:AcronymsContractionsInitialismsShortenings英语中的缩略表达主要分为四大类,我们先来说第一种,Acronyms。
Acronyms are words formed from the initial letters of other words and pronounced as they are spelled, not as separate letters. Examples include:Acronyms就是指以各个组合词首字母组成的缩写词,简称首字母组合词。
Acronym是最大特点是,按照组合的首字母进行拼写,而不是将各个首字母单独读出。
首字母缩写词(acronym)完整表达(full form)Aids需要读作[edz],而非“A-I-D-S”acquired immune deficiency syndromeNATO需要读作[‘neitəu],而非“N-A-T-O”North Atlantic Treaty OrganizationUNESCO需要读作[ju:ˈneskəʊ],而非”U-N-E-S-C-O”United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural OrganizationSIM (card)需要读作[sɪm],而非”S-I-M”subscriber identification moduleAcronyms的书写特点:Most acronyms can be written as capital letters or with only an initial capital letter.绝大多数首字母缩写词可以用大写字母表示,也可以仅仅首字母大写。
英语缩略词大全
缩略词英语当中缩略词使用的频率很高,如IMP: important, ASAP: as soon as possible。
很显然如果能熟练掌握缩略词,会对考试大有裨益。
缩略词的写法一般为四种方式:1.拿掉所有元音MKT: marketMGR: managerMSG: messageSTD: standardRCV: receive2.保留前几个字母INFO informationINS insuranceEXCH exchangeI owe you IOUIn stead of I/O3.保留开头和结尾的发音字母WK weekRM roomPL people4.根据发音R areTHO thoughTHRU through高级口译听力常用英语缩略词表缩略词原词APT ApartmentACC AccountantACDG AccordingACPT AcceptAD AdvertisementADS AddressADV AdviceAMAP As much/many as possible AMT AmountAPV ApproveASAP As soon as possibleBAL BalanceBLDG BuildingCERT CertificateCFM ConformCNCL CancelCNF ConferenceCMI CommissionCMP CompleteCMPE Compete/competitiveCMU CommunicationCONC Concern/concerning/concernedCOND ConditionCO. CompanyDEPT Department DISC DiscountDPT DepartureEXCH Exchange EXPLN ExplainEXT ExtentFLT FlightFNT FinalFRT FreightFYR For your reference GD GoodGUAR GuaranteeH.O. Home office INFO Information IMPS ImpossibleIMP(T) Important INCD IncludeINDIV IndividualINS InsuranceINTST InterestedI/O In stead ofIOU I owe youIVO In view of MANUF Manufacture MDL ModelMEMO Memorandum MGR MangerMIN MinimumMKT MarketMSG Message NCRY Necessary NLT No later than OBS ObserveOBT ObtainORD OrdinaryPAT PatentPC PiecePKG PackingPL PeoplePLS PleasePOSN Position POSS(BL) Possible PROD Product QLTY QualityQUTY Quantity RCV ReceiveREF Reference REGL RegularREP Representative RESN Reservation RPT Repeat RESPON Responsible SEC SectionSITN SituationSTD StandardTEL Telephone TEMP Temporary TGM Telegraph THO ThoughTKS ThanksTRD TradeTRF TrafficTTL TotalU YouUR YourWK WeekWL WillWT WeightXL Extra large字母、图像Z 表示“人” people/person,因为Z 看上去像个人头,它通常被写在一个词或符号的右上角。
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相信许多人在书写英语、阅读英语文章或者进行英语翻译时,都会遇到缩写的情况。
那么,英语中的缩写有什么规律吗?相信熟悉英语的人,会遇到各种各样、形式各异的缩写。
你对英语中的缩写有把握吗?如果你需要在书写中运用缩略语,你知道其中的规律吗?本文就和大家详细聊一下英语中的缩写。
通过总结分析,我们发现,大家对缩写存在不确定的情况主要集中在以下几个方面:
缩写需要用大写字母吗?
缩写需要用句号吗?
什么时候可以使用缩略符呢?
英语中的缩略通常分为几种,而缩略词的写法也通常取决于它到底属于缩略中的哪一类。
那么,我们就来看看英语中的缩略词分类:
▪Acronyms
▪Contractions
▪Initialisms
▪Shortenings
英语中的缩略表达主要分为四大类,我们先来说第一种,Acronyms。
Acronyms are words formed from the initial letters of other words and pronounced as they are spelled, not as separate letters. Examples include:
Acronyms就是指以各个组合词首字母组成的缩写词,简称首字母组合词。
Acronym是最大特点是,按照组合的首字母进行拼写,而不是将各个首字母单独读出。
Acronyms的书写特点:
▪Most acronyms can be written as capital letters or with only an initial capital letter.
▪绝大多数首字母缩写词可以用大写字母表示,也可以仅仅首字母大写。
▪Some acronyms are so established that they are now ‘normal’words, generally used without conscious awareness of their original full form. These words should be written in lower-case letters.
▪有些首字母缩写词已经被非常广泛的使用并从而被当做是‘常规’词汇,而人们在使用这类‘常规’的首字母缩写词时,往往不会想起它们最初的完整表达形式。
那么,在这种情况下,这些词应该采用小写。
比如,
▪
▪
缩略词的第二种:Contractions
Contractions are a type of abbreviation in which letters from the middle of the word are omitted.
Examples include:
Contractions是一种比较有特色的缩略词,它的特点在于省略中间,保留两头,请看以下的举例:
contraction也可以以一个词以上的缩略形式出现,比如以下的缩略词:
shouldn’t should not
▪因为原单词的最后一个字母还存在,所以contraction这种形式的缩略词不需要加句号。
▪在一个以上单词的缩略词当中,被省略的字母应该用缩写符号来替代,比如I’ll, We’ve, shouldn’t.
第三类缩略词:initialism
Initialisms are abbreviations which consist of the initial (i.e. first) letters of words and which are pronounced as separate letters when they are spoken. Examples include:
第三类缩略词initialism也被称为首字母缩略词,initialism主要包括各个单词的首字母,并需要在读的时候,单独读出各个字母。
首字母缩略词(initialism)全称(full form)
BBC British Broadcasting Corporation
MP Member of Parliament
UN United Nations
TUC Trades Union Congress
UK United Kingdom
▪首字母缩略词后面无需加句点。
但是,有时,尤其是在美式英语中,某些首字母缩略词可能也会由于某个作家或的习惯做法,而包括句点,比如US和U.S.都可以,只要在文中做到表达统一即可。
▪而首字母缩略词的复数形式和所有形式,也和普通单词一样,比如CDs,MPs,或者the CD’s subtitle, an MP’s salary等。
最后一种缩写形式,就是shortenings。
Shortening是指单词首或尾被省略的缩略形式。
在某些情况下,某些shortening就是单词的首尾同时被省略,比如说
在某些情况下,shortening会有一些细微的拼写变化,比如bike和telly。
有些shortenings已经获得公认并成为语言中常见的表达。
事实上,这些shortenings完整的原始表达只有在非常正式或科技文章中才会出现。
比如,当我们想说一个人感冒了,那么除非是在科技类的文章中,否则,使用influenza就会比flu看上去要奇怪。
▪
▪shortening缩略词不需要使用缩略符
▪如果原始表达形式中的首字母有大写,那么它的shortening形式也会有大写,比如
▪通常情况下,shortening不需要使用句号,除非是书写表达中的特定书写习惯,比如。