地质专业英语词汇C

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地质专业常用术语中英文对照词典

地质专业常用术语中英文对照词典红土镍矿和硫化镍矿地质词汇集(Cabulary List of Geology)1地质勘查与评估(Recourse exploration and assessment)Geological Study 地质研究Reconnaissance 踏勘Prospecting 普查General exploration 一般勘探Detailed exploration 详细勘探Economic viability 经济可靠性Extractable 可采的Total mineral resources 资源总储量Reserve 储量Remaining mineral resources其余矿产资源Mineral Occurrence矿化点Uneconomic occurrence非经济矿化点Feasibility study可行性研究Prefeasibility study预可行性研究Measured resource确定级矿产资源Indicated resource推定级矿产资源Inferred resource推测级矿产资源Reconnaissance resource踏勘矿产Independent Consulting Geologist 独立咨询地质专家Independent Consulting Geologist’ Report独立咨询地质专家报告Sampling 采样Validation sampling 验证取样Duplicate sample 副样Assay 分析Composite assay 组合分析drilling 钻探Test pitting 井探Treach 探槽Drill hole 钻孔Test pit 探坑patial distribution 空间分布Profile 剖面cross-section 横剖面Geological penetrate rader地质雷达污染Grid spacing 勘探网度Geological mapping 地质填图Aerial survey航空测量Mineralication矿化，成矿Spatial distribution 空间分布Weathering 风化Lateritisation 红土矿化，红土矿成矿作用The V almin Code : Code and Guideline for Assessment and valuation of Mineral Securities for Independent Experts Report 澳大利亚独立专家矿产资源评估报告编写规范JORC Code :Australasian Code for Reporting of identified Mineral Resources andOre Reserves released by the Joint ore Reserve Committee 澳大利亚资源委员会资源评估报告编写规范2岩石名schist 片岩ultramafic rocks 超基性岩，limestone石灰岩dunite 纯橄榄岩peridotite 橄榄岩hornblendite 角闪岩pyroxenite 辉石岩lherzolite 二辉橄榄岩diabase 辉绿岩gabro 辉长岩gabbrophyre 辉长煌斑岩diorite 闪长岩norite 苏长岩tholeiite 拉班玄武岩ferrobasic 铁质的magma 岩浆granite 花岗岩petroface 岩相phyllite 千枚岩mylonite糜棱岩3矿物名Laterite红土矿limonite 褐铁矿goethite 针铁矿magnetite 磁铁矿haematite 赤铁矿nickel sulphate 硫酸镍(iron，magnesium)hydroxide (铁,镁)氢氧化物nickel-bearing clay mineral 含镍粘土矿物nickel silicate 硅酸镍hdrosulphide 硫化氢serpentine 蛇纹石antigorite 叶蛇纹石chrysotile 纤蛇纹石garnierite 镍叶蛇纹石millerite 针镍矿talc 滑石chlorite 绿泥石montmorillonite 蒙脱石saprolite 腐泥土clay mineral 粘土矿物serpentinization 蛇纹石化kaoline 高岭石magnesite 菱镁矿calcite 方解石Sulphide硫化矿pyrite 黄铁矿pyrrhotite 磁黄铁矿ilmenite 钛铁矿chromite 铬铁矿chalcopyrite 黄铜矿cubanite 方黄铜矿valleriite 墨铜矿bornite 斑铜矿chalcocite 辉铜矿conellite 铜蓝pentlendite 镍黄铁矿violarite 紫硫镍铁矿mackinovite 马基诺矿millerite 针镍矿bravoite 方硫铁镍矿chrome spinal 铬尖晶石olivine 橄榄石pyroxene 辉石tremolite 透闪石hornblende 角闪石mica 云母biotite 黑云母muscovite 白云母phlogopite 金云母plagioclase 斜长石orthoclase 正长石gangue 脉石isotope 同位素major mineral 主要矿物minor mineral 次要矿物accessory mineral 副矿物trace mineral 痕量矿物4构造stock 岩株dike 岩墙basin 岩盆outcrop 露头tectonics构造学tectono-stratigraphics 构造地层学ore-bearing structure 含矿构造subfault二次断层synclinorium 复向斜volcanic 火山的colcano 火山imbricate thrust fault 叠瓦状逆掩断层detrital material 碎屑物质mantle 地表覆盖物，地慢concretion 胶结作用mottling 斑状构造flame structure 火焰状构造spongy structure 海绵状构造drop-like structure 乳滴状构造disemminated structure 浸染状构造strike 走向decline 倾向dip 倾角porosity孔隙度moistur content 含水量bulk density 块比重General tectonic setting 地质构造环境evolve 演化Gabbroid 辉长岩状Fauld displacement 断距fauld plane 断面6地貌与气候landscape and climatehillocky area 丘岭地区stony semi-desert area 碎石半沙漠地区气候sharply continental arid climate 大陆性干旱气候7其他普通地质词汇isochronous 等时的，同步的variscian 古生代8采矿词汇(Mining)Mining report开采报告Ore pass 溜井ramp 斜坡道hoist 卷杨机crosscut 川脉道stope 采场development works 采准工程tunnel 巷道filling 充填cement filling 胶结充填undercut and cement filling 胶结充填采矿main shaft 主井vice shaft 副井ventilation shaft 风井support支护steel set 钢架shotcrete 素喷pressure grouting 注浆bolt 锚杆cable bolts 长锚索bolts to hold mesh 喷锚网surface subsidence地表沉降ore to waste 采剥比open pit minning 露天开采excavater 铲运机5选矿词汇(Consentrate)Pilot scale testing 工业实验crusher 破碎机mill 磨矿机flotation 浮选Consentrate 选矿厂,精矿tailler dam尾矿坝6冶金词汇(Extract)Smelter 冶炼厂（火法）Refinery 精炼厂Hydrometallurgic湿法冶炼的Pyrometallurgic 火法冶炼的Liquation 溶液Heap leaching 堆浸Bioleaching 生物浸出high pressure acid leach 高压浸出Ion exchange 离子交换strip反萃Resin 树脂萃取Dissolve 溶解Roast 培烧roaster 培烧窑flash furnace 闪速炉convertor 转炉slag渣matte 锍pour into moulds 浇铸sulphate-chlorite solution 硫酸-盐酸电解液electrolyte 电解,电解池,电解质cathodyte 阴极电解质anode 阳极anode slab 阳极板Solution Neutralisation 溶液中和precipitation 沉淀Washing and filtering 洗矿与过滤solvent 溶剂Iron removal 除铁purification 提纯7一些矿物的分子结构serpentine 蛇纹石A3[Si2O5](OH)4, A=Mg,Fe2+,Ni等，A为镍时为镍蛇纹石，蛇纹石为层状硅酸盐，(OH)+在层间以分子间力连结上下两层。

(完整版)地质工程专业常用英文词汇

1论述expound(explain), state河流river course引入introduce into河床river bed(channel)相应的corresponding冲沟gully, gulley, erosion gully, stream(brook)观点conception河漫滩floodplain(valley flat)概论overview阶地terrace概率probability冲积平原alluvial plain观点化conceptualize三角洲delta宏观的macroscopic古河流fossil river course, fossil stream channel增补complement冲积扇alluvial fan规划plan洪积扇diluvial fan证明demonstrate, certify, attest坡积裙talus apron证明confirmation分水岭divide赔偿compensate, make up, imburse盆地basin算法algorithm岩溶地貌karst land feature, karst landform鉴别式discriminant溶洞solution cave, karst cave有限元方法finite element method(FEM)落水洞sinkhole样本单元法sample element method(SEM)土洞Karstic earth cave赤平投影法stereographic projection method(SPM)赤平投影stereographic projection 2 地层岩性扰乱位移法interference displacement method(IDM)地层geostrome (stratum, strata)扰乱能量法interference energy method(IEM)岩性lithologic character, rock property条分法method of slices岩体rock mass极限均衡法limit equilibrium method岩层bed stratum界面元法boundary element method岩层layer, rock stratum模拟simulate母岩matrix, parent rock计算程序computer program相变facies change数值剖析numerical analysis硬质岩strong rock, film计算工作量calculation load软质岩weak rock解的独一性uniqueness of solution硬质的competent多层结构模型laminated model软质的incompetent非线性nonlinear基岩bedrock横观各向同性lateral isotropy岩组petrofabric各向同性isotropy覆盖层overburden各向异性anisotropy交织层理cross bedding非均质性heterogeneity层面bedding plane界限条件boundary condition片理schistosity本构方程constitutive equation层理bedding初始条件initial condition板理（叶理）foliation初始状态rest condition波痕ripple-mark岩土工程geotechnical engineering,泥痕mud crack土木匠程civil engineering雨痕raindrop imprints基础工程foundation engineering造岩矿物rock-forming minerals最不利滑面the most dangerous slip surface黏土矿物clay mineral交替alternate高岭土kaolinite控制论cybernetics蒙脱石montmorillonite大批现场检查mass field surveys伊利石illite组合式combined type云母mica互相作用interaction白云母muscovite稳固性评论stability evaluation黑云母biotite均质性homogeneity石英quartz介质medium长石feldspar层layer, stratum正长石orthoclase组构fabric斜长石plagioclase辉石pyroxene, picrite1 地形地貌geographic and geomorphic角闪石hornblende工程地质条件engineering geological conditions方解石calcite地形地貌条件geographic and geomorphic conditions结构structure地形land form结构texture地貌geomorphology, relief组构fabric(tissue)微地貌microrelief矿物构成mineral composition地貌单元landform unit, geomorphic unit结晶质crystalline坡度grade非晶质amorphous地形图relief map产状attitude河谷river valley火成岩igneous12岩浆岩magmatic rock粗粒coarse grain火山岩（熔岩） lava中粒medium-grained火山volcano堆积物sediment (deposit)侵入岩intrusive(invade) rock漂石、顽石boulder喷出岩effusive rock卵石cobble深成岩plutonic rock砾石gravel浅成岩pypabysal rock砂sand酸性岩acid rock粉土silt中性岩inter-mediate rock黏土clay基性岩basic rock粘粒clay grain超基性岩ultrabasic rock砂质黏土sandy clay岩基rock base (batholith)粘质砂土clayey sand岩脉（墙）dike壤土、亚黏土loam岩株rock stock砂壤土、亚砂土轻亚黏土sandy loam岩流rock flow浮土、表土regolith (topsoil)岩盖rock laccolith (laccolite)黄土loess岩盆rock lopolith红土laterite岩墙rock dike泥灰peat岩床rock sill软泥ooze岩脉vein dyke淤泥mire, oozed mud, sludge, warp clay花岗岩granite冲积物（层）alluvion斑岩porphyry冲积的alluvial玢岩porphyrite洪积物（层）proluvium, diluvium, diluvion流纹岩rhyolite洪积的diluvial正长岩syenite坡积物（层）deluvium粗面岩trachyte残积物（层）eluvium闪长岩diorite残积的eluvial安山岩andesite风积物（层）eolian deposits辉长岩gabbro湖积物（层）lake deposits玄武岩basalt海积物（层）marine deposits细晶岩aplite冰川堆积物（层） glacier (drift)deposits伟晶岩pegmatite崩积物（层）colluvial deposits, colluvium煌斑岩lamprophyre残积黏土residual clay辉绿岩diabase变质岩metamorphic rock橄榄岩dunite板岩slate黑曜岩obsidian千枚岩phyllite浮岩pumice片岩schist火山角砾岩vulcanic breccia片麻岩gneiss火山集块岩volcanic agglomerate石英岩quartzite凝灰岩tuff大理岩marble堆积岩sedimentary rock糜棱岩mylonite碎屑岩clastic rock混淆岩migmatite黏土岩clay rock碎裂岩cataclasite粉砂质黏土岩silty claystone化学岩chemical rock 3 地质结构生物岩biolith地质结构geologic structure砾岩conglomerate结构结构structural texture角砾岩breccia大地结构geotectonic砂岩sandstone结构运动tectogenesis石英砂岩quartz sandstone造山运动orogeny粉砂岩siltstone起落运动vertical movement钙质粉砂岩calcareous siltstone水平运动horizontal movement泥岩mudstone完好性perfection(integrity)页岩shale起伏度waviness盐岩saline尺寸效应size effect石灰岩limestone围压效应confining pressure effect白云岩dolomite产状因素elements of attitude泥灰岩marl产状attitude, orientation泥钙岩argillo-calcareous走向strike泥砂岩argillo-arenaceous偏向dip砂质arenaceous倾角dip angle, angle of dip泥质argillaceous褶皱fold硅质的siliceous褶曲fold有机质organic matter单斜monocline2向斜syncline破裂crumble背斜anticline共轭节理conjugated joint穹隆dome散状loose挤压squeeze透镜状的lens-shaped a.上盘upper section岩石碎片crag下盘bottom wall, footwall, lower wall岩屑cuttings, debris断距separation薄膜membrane, film订交intersect层理stratification断层fault高角度high dip angle正断层normal fault缓倾角low dip angle逆断层reversed fault反倾anti-dip平移断层parallel fault互层interbed v.层理bedding, stratification Interbedding n.微层理light stratification起伏的unplanar地堑graben波状起伏的undulate, undulating地垒horst, fault ridge粒径particle size断层泥gouge, pug, selvage, fault gouge结构层tectonosphere擦痕stria, striation挤压compression断裂fracture均一的homogeneous破裂带fracture zone剪切错动面shear faulted, bedding zone节理joint切割dissection节理组joint set切割的dissected裂隙fissure, crack致密close, compact微裂隙fine fissure, microscopic fissure结构岩tectonite劈理cleavage糜棱岩mylonite原生裂隙original joint断层角砾岩fault breccia次生裂隙epigenetic joint方解石脉calcite vein张裂隙tension joint碎块岩clastic rock剪裂隙shear joint角砾breccia卸荷裂隙relief crack岩粉rock powder裂隙率fracture porosity岩屑debris, debry结构种类structural pattern固结consolidation岩体结构rock mass structure定向摆列oriented spread岩块block mass结构应力tectonic stress结构体structural element剩余应力residual stress块度blockness结构面structural plane 4 水文地质条件hydrogeological conditions脆弱结构面weak plane水文循环hydrologic cycle临空面free face大气圈atmosphere碎裂结构cataclastic texture水圈hydrosphere板状结构platy structure岩石圈geosphere薄板状lamellose地表径流surface runoff块状的lumpy, massive地下径流subsurface runoff层状的laminated流域valley, drainage basin巨厚层giant thick-laminated流域面积drainage area, river basin area 薄层状的finely laminated汇水面积catchment area脆弱夹层weak intercalated layer地下水ground water, subsurface water 夹层inter bedding,地表水surface water intercalated bed, interlayer, intermediate layer大气水atmospheric water夹泥层clayey intercalation气态水aqueous (vapour) water夹泥inter-clay液态水liquid water连通性connectivity固态水solid water切层insequent上层滞水perched water影响带affecting zone潜水phreatic water完好性integrity n.承压水confined waterIntegrate v. & a.吸着水hygroscopic (adsorptive) waterdegree of integrality介质medium破裂crumble缝隙void胶结cement孔隙水压力pore water pressure泥化argillization浸透压力osmotic pressure, seepage force 尖灭taper-out扬压力uplift pressure错动diastrophism静水压力hydrostatic pressure错动层面faulted bedding plane外静水压力external hydrostatic pressure断续的intermittent动水压力hydrodynamic pressure3浸透力seepage pressure安全系数factor of safety外水压力external water pressure埋深embedment depth内水压力internal water pressure试件coupons水力联系hydraulic interrelation挠度deflection水力折减系数hydraulic reduction coefficient里氏震级Richter scale水头损失water head loss设计烈度design intensity浸透门路filtration path, seepage path基本烈度basic intensity浸透系数penetration coefficient场所烈度site intensity潜水位water table level地震烈度seismic intensity, intensity scale水位water level, stage level优秀周期predominant period水头water head持力层sustained yield含水层aquifer超载surcharge弱含水层（弱透水层）aquitard围岩压力surrounding rock stress滞水层aquiclude附带压力superimposed stress透水层permeable layer, pervious layer应力废弛stress relaxation不透水层（隔水层）aquifuge, impervious layer,应力路迳stress pathimpermeable layer, aquiclude卸荷unload潜水含水层phreatic aquifer浸透率specific permeability承压含水层confined aquifer, artesian aquifer饱和度degree of saturation承压面bearing surface含水量moisture content潜水面phreatic surface, water table均匀粒径mean diameter浸润线phreatic curve颗粒grain, granule, particle不透水界限impervious boundary颗粒级配distribution of grain-size,地下分水岭groundwater ridge grain composition, size distribution粘滞性viscosity级配graduation,富水性abundance grain-size distribution, gradation, grading透水性（浸透性） permeability粒度coarseness grain size, granularity, lump 淋滤（溶滤作用） lixiviation, leaching不均匀系数coefficient of non-uniformity,反滤层inverted gravel filter variation coefficient, variation factor水锈incrustation颗粒分级gradation, size grading渗滴seep孔隙水pore water饱和saturation, saturated孔隙比void ratio (ration)潜水位变化带zone of variable phreatic level缝隙率air voids气象因素meteorological factor孔隙率porosity饱水带zone of saturation裂隙率crackity包气带aeration zone, zone of aeration溶隙率karstity包气带水aeration zone water密度density上层滞水perched water重度unit weight, bulk weight孔隙水pore water浮重度buoyant unit weight裂隙水fissure water折减系数reduction factor岩溶水karstic water压力消失dissipation of pressure联合水bound water, combined water抗力系数coefficient of resistance吸着水hydroscopic water融化系数softening coefficient薄膜水pellicular water含水量water content毛细水capillary water稠度consistency重力水gravitational water塑限plastic limit凝固水condensation water液限liquid limit地下水埋藏条件 condition of groundwater occurrence塑性指数plasticity index地下水埋藏深度 depth of groundwater occurrence液性指数liquidity index压水试验packer permeability test流变rheological抽水试验pumping test蠕变creep塑性plastic5 物理力学性质脆性brittleness(fragility)物理力学physical mechanics n.粘性sticknessPhysico-mechanicala.刚性rigidity折服准则yield criteria弹性的elastic米赛斯折服准则 Von Mises yield criteria粘弹性viso-elasticity朗肯土压力理论 Ranking’s earth pressure theory弹塑性elasto-plasticity剑桥模型Cambridge model, Cam-model压缩性compressibility邓肯 -张模型Duncan-chang model均质性homogeneity本构方程constitutive equation非均质性nonhomogeneity (heterogeneity)局部剪切损坏local shear failure各向同性isotropy整体剪切损坏general shear failure各向异性anisotropy岩体完好性指数 intactness index of rock mass总应力total stress4有效应力effective stress岩石抗力系数coefficient of rock resistance超孔隙水压力excess pore pressure允许承载力allowable bearing capacity孔隙水压力pore water pressure临塑压力critical pressure抗压强度compressive strength接触压力contact pressure抗拉强度tensile strength抗剪强度shear strength 6 工程地责问题不排水抗剪强度 undrained shear strenght工程地责问题engineering geological problem峰值抗剪强度peak share strength定性评论qualitative estimate长久抗剪强度long-term shear strength定量评论quantitative estimate剩余抗剪强度residual shear strength极限均衡法limit equilibrium method负摩擦力negative skin friction, dragdown不良地质现象unfavorable geological condition摩擦角angle of friction风化weathering内摩擦角angle of internal friction变形deformation外摩擦角angle of external friction位移displacement内聚力cohesion不均匀位移differential movement粘聚力cohesion相对位移relative displacement假凝集力pseudo-cohesion沉陷settlement粘着力adhesion山崩avalanche, toppling摩尔圆Mohr’s circle倒塌toppling, toppling collapse包络线envelope滑坡、地滑creep, slide休止角angle of repose,切层滑坡insequent landslide angle of friction(repose, rest), repose angle深层滑坡deep slide峰值peak浅层滑坡shallow slide模量modulus顺层滑坡consequent landslide弹性模量modulus of elasticity ，滑动面Young ’ s modulus, elastic modulus sliding surface, sliding plane, slip surface压缩模量modulus of compressibility滑动带sliding zone变形模量modulus of deformation滑床slide bed卸荷模量unloading modulus滑坡体slide(sliding) mass切线模量tangent modulus古滑坡fossil landslide剪切模量shear modulus推移式滑坡slumping slide割线模量secant modulus牵引式滑坡retrogressive slide旁压模量pressurmeter modulus管涌piping, internal erosion泊松比poisson ’s ration渗漏leakage固结consolidation流砂quicksand固结系数coefficient of consolidation渗流seepage固结度degree of consolidation液化liquefaction超固结比over consolidation ration应变strain7 工程勘探 engineering investigation压缩比compressibility ratio工程地质勘探engineering geology investigation 压缩系数coefficient of compressibility岩土工程勘探geotechnical investigation压缩指数compression index工程地质条件engineering geological condition 初始曲线virgin curve工程地质评论engineering geological evaluation 正常固结土normally consolidated soil勘察survey欠固结土under-consolidated soil岩芯采纳率 core recovery, core extraction超固结土over-consolidated soil岩芯获取率被动土压力passive earth pressure RQD （岩石质量指标） rock quality designation主动土压力active earth pressure程序（步骤）procedure静止土压力 earth pressure at rest勘探阶段investigational stage覆盖压力overburden pressure选点踏勘reconnaissance初始应力initial stress初步设计primary design地应力场ground(geostatic) stress field初步规划preliminary scheme有效应力effective stress初步勘探preliminary prospecting动应力dynamic stress初步踏勘ground reconnaissance动荷载dynamic load可行性研究阶段feasibility stage偏爱荷载eccentric loads初步设计阶段preliminary stage循环荷载inclined loads施工阶段construction sage地应力ground stress, geostatic stress踏勘reconnaissance, inspection初始应力initial stress地质测绘geological survey应力场stress field工程地质测绘engineering geological mapping 纵波longitudinal wave钻探borehole operation, boring液化势liquefaction potential物探geophysical exploration液化指数liquefaction index洞探exploratory adits交角angular钎探rod sounding5钻杆drill rod 坑探exploring mining槽探trenching天然建材检查natural materials surveying (examination)岩土工程勘探报告geotechnical investigation report判定identification, appraisal判定书expertise report判定人identifier, surveyor校核verification总监chief inspector比率proportion地形图geographic map地貌图geomorphological map地质图geological map工程地质图 engineering geological map 实测地质剖面图field-acquired geological profile(section)结构地质图 geological structure map第四纪地质图quarternary geological map地质详图detail map of geology地质柱状图 geologic columnar section, geologic log 钻孔柱状图 logs of bore hole纵剖面图longitudinal section横剖面图cross section展现图reveal detail map节理玫瑰图rose of joints基岩等高线bed rock contour层底等高线contour of stratum bottom岩层界限strata boundary岩面高程elevation of bed rock surface坐标coordinate分层bed separation地质点geological observation point勘探点exploratory point (spot)勘探线exploratory line勘探孔exploration hole平洞adit竖井riser, shaft, vertical shaft探槽exploratory trench探井exploratory pit钻孔borehole, drill hole机钻孔ordinary drill hole套钻孔sleeve drill hole管钻孔pipe drill hole岩芯core岩芯钻探core drilling展转钻探（进）rotary drilling冲击钻探churn drilling, percussion drilling钢砂钻探shot drilling铁砂钻进iron shot drilling跟管钻进follow-down drilling振动钻进vibro-boring, vibro-drilling泥浆钻探mud flush drilling金刚石钻进diamond drilling单动式single acting双层double layer空气钻探air flush drilling钻机drilling rig钻头drill bit, drilling bit螺旋钻头auger勺钻spoon bit冲击钻头percussion bit, chopping bit桶式钻头bucket auger6套管casing岩芯管core barrel冲刷掖flush fluid正循环冲刷direct circulation反循环冲刷reverse circulation泥浆mud, slurry泥皮mud cake护壁dado止水seal, water seal扫孔cleaning bottom of hole钻进drilling平硐adit竖井shaft钻探drilling boring8工程地质试验击实试验compaction test压缩试验compression test固结试验consolidation test单轴试验uniaxial compression test现场剪切试验in-situ shear test单剪试验simple shear test直剪试验direct shear test慢剪试验slow test单剪试验simple shear test快剪试验quick test三轴剪切试验triaxial shear test三轴压缩试验triaxial compression test动三轴试验dynamic triaxial test不固结不排水剪试验unconsolidated undrained test(quick test)固结不排水剪试验consolidated undrained test(consolidated quick test)固结排水试验consolidated drained test(slow test)原位测试in-situ test现场监测on-site(in-site) monitoring现场检测on-site (in-site) inspection观察孔observation borehole静力触探试验cone penetration test,static penetration test, static cone test 标贯试验standard penetration test十字板剪切试验vane shear test, vane test检层法up-hole method, borehole method旁压试验pressuremeter test动力触探试验dynamic penetration test, dynamic sounding 点荷载试验point load test岩石试验rock test应力排除法stress relief method应力恢复法stress recovery method套孔法over-coring method9 岩土体加固breast, driving face,掌子面heading face, tunnel face顶拱vault底拱invert洞室开挖excavation超挖overbreak风钻pneumatic drill开挖断面excavated section塌落slump细骨料混凝土concrete made with fine aggregate 细骨料fine aggregate, fine adjustment67料场stock ground冻结法freezing method土料earth material超载over break矿渣cinder, mineral water residue, scoria, slag衬砌lining性能function, performance, property, nature围堰cofferdam凝固coagulate, congeal, congealment, coagulation堤dike合格qualified, on test, up to standard近坝岸坡abutments初凝initial set施工（缩短）缝 construction joint初凝时间initial setting time心墙core终凝final set截水墙cutoff wall配合比mix proportion防渗墙diaphragm wall塌落度slump排水井drainage wells水化热heat of hydration,排水幕drainage curtainhydration heat, setting heat减压井relief wells水灰比water-cement ratio反滤层filter zone粉煤灰fly ash灌浆资料grout梅花状quincuncial pattern水力劈裂hydraulic fracturing发射shotcrete帷幔线curtain line浇注pouring上游围堰upstream cofferdam钢筋网coiremesh混凝土防渗墙concrete cutoff wall加固reinforce截流interim completion锚杆anchored bar, rock bolt导水墙channel training wall锚索anchored cable正常溢洪道渠首工程service spillway headwork锚紧端anchor station消力塘lined plunge pool锚桩anchored peg隔墙divider walls采石场rock quarry混凝土护坦concrete apron开挖excavation副厂房auxiliary power house清基cleanup foundation闸门室gate chamber明挖open-cut中闸室mid gate chamber爆破explosion开关站switch yard光面爆破smooth blasting电梯井elevator shaft预裂法presplitting尾沟渠tail race特别溢洪道emergency spillway10水工概论坝址toe of dam11 桥梁及基础工程坝踵heel江阴大桥Jiangyin Bridge坝段monolith悬索桥suspension bridge坝顶crest锚碇anchorage坝肩shoulders重力式嵌岩锚gravity socketed anchorage左坝肩left dam abutment北锚碇前（后）锚面副坝saddle dam front(back) surface of northern anchorage三坝址the third dam site塔墩tower标高height mark墩pier上游水位headwater散索鞍splay saddle正常库水位normal reservoir level猫道footbridge地下洞室underground opening (tunnel)主缆main cable压力隧洞pressure tunnel索股cable strand无压隧洞gravity tunnel主鞍main saddle, tower saddle交通洞access tunnel主跨main span灌浆洞grouting tunnel边跨side span明流洞free-flow tunnel引桥approach孔板洞orifice tunnel钢箱梁steel box main girder排砂洞sediment tunnel埋深embedment depth尾水洞tailrace tunnel北塔墩基础north tower base排水洞drainage tunnel基础foundation, footing导流洞diversion tunnel浅基础shallow foundation地道tunnel深基础deep foundation围岩surrounding rock, ambient rock联合基础combined footing围岩应力secondary stress static筏形基础raft(mat) foundation应力集中stress concentrate钢模steel form覆盖层over burden桩pile冒顶cave in, roof fall基桩foundation pile底鼓bottom heave群桩pile groups回弹rebound桩基础pile foundation岩爆rock burst桩承台pile cap78高桩承台high-rise pile cap12 监测仪器低桩承台buried pile cap观察孔observation bore/hole摩擦桩friction pile仪器观察instrumentation端承桩end bearing pile读数装置readout device嵌岩桩socketed pile传感器transducer板桩sheet pile探头probe旋喷桩jet-grouted pile压力盒pressure cell灌输桩cast-in-place pile振弦式应变计vibrating wire strain gauge沉管灌输桩driven cast-in-place pile伸长计、变位计extension meter支护桩soldier piles, tangent piles板式沉降仪foundation base/pate刚性桩rigid pile测斜仪inclinometer柔性桩flexible pile测压计，渗压计piezometer侧向受荷桩laterally loaded pile垂线plumb轴向受荷桩axially loaded pile垂直度plumbness预制桩precast concrete pile振动打桩vibratory pile driving13 安全监控振动钻进vibratory drilling靠谱性检查reliability checking沉箱caisson监控模型monitoring and prediction model沉井（沉箱）(open) caisson监测monitoring地下连续墙diaphragm wall, slurry wall资料datum, data支撑bracing靠谱性reliability超载surcharge稳固性stability接触应力contact pressure安全safety井点降水well-point dewatering评估evaluation, appraise桩极限承载力ultimate bearing capacity of pile评定assessment, assess, rate承载力bearing capacity评论准则criterion阻力resistance灾祸hazard, calamity桩端阻力end resistance确立性方法论Deterministic methodology表面摩擦力skin friction应急行动计划EAP(emergency action plan)粘着系数adhesion factor事故accident负摩擦力negative skin friction紧迫状态emergency安全系数factor of safety紧迫检查emergency inspection压缩层compressed layer灾情等级hazard classification附带应力additional stress, superimposed stress灾祸评论hazard evaluation持力层bearing layer, sustaining layer风险评估risk assessment地基土foundation soil, subsoil临塑压力critical pressure静力（ Static Analysis ）剪切损坏shear failure动力（ Dynamic Analysis ）地基无效foundation failure蠕变（ Creep Material Model ）冲剪损坏punching failure渗流（ Fluid-mechanical Interaction）渐进损坏progressive failure热力学（ Thermal Option ）允许荷载allowable load headward erosion 溯源侵害极限承载力ultimate bearing capacity scouring of levee or bank 淘刷沉降settlement strongly weathered siliceous rock mass with quasi-lamellar沉降差differential settlement weakly weathered siliceous rock mass with quasi-lamellar尾部倾斜angular distortion of continually aftershocks of7 or 8-degree intensity 倾斜tilting坑底隆起bottom heave静止土压力earth pressure at rest稳固数stability number Evidently显然的路堤embankment Correspondingly adv. 相应地 ;有关地 ; 同样地地基办理ground treatment soil improvement the hanging wall of triggering seismic fault垫层cushion oblique~bedding bank slope加固stabilization注浆injection灌浆guniting帷幕curtain挡土墙retaining wall锚固anchoring喷浆guniting锚杆earth anchor盲沟French drain专业外语(为方便记忆 ,跟上边稍有重复 )振冲法vibro jet一．综合类81. geotechnical engineering 岩土工程2. foundation engineering 基础工程3. soil, earth 土4.soil mechanics 土力学cyclic loading 周期荷载 unloading 卸载 reloading 再加载viscoelastic found 粘弹性地基viscous damping 粘滞阻尼 shear modulus 剪切模量5. soil dynamics 土动力学6.stress path 应力路径二．土的分类1. residual soil 残积土groundwater level地下水位2. groundwater 地下水groundwatertable 地下水位3. clay minerals 黏土矿物4. secondary minerals 次生矿物5. landslides 滑坡6. bore hole columnar section 钻孔柱状图7. engineering geologic investigation 工程地质勘探8. boulder 漂石9. cobble 卵石10. gravel 砂石11. gravelly sand 砾砂12. coarse sand 粗砂13. medium sand 中砂14. fine sand 细砂15. silty sand 粉土16. clayey soil 粘性土17. clay 黏土18. silty clay 粉质黏土19. silt 粉土20. sandy silt 砂质粉土21. clayey silt 粘质粉土22. saturated soil 饱和土23. unsaturated soil 非饱和土24. fill (soil) 填土三．土的基本物理力学性质1. c c Compression index2. c u undrained shear strength3. c u /p 0 ratio of undrained strength c u to effectiveoverburden stress p 0(c u /p 0)NC ,(c u /p 0)oc subscripts NC and OC designatednormally consolidated and overconsolidated, respectivelycohesive strength from vane test natural void ratio plasticity indexcoefficientof “ at-rest ” pressure ,for total stresses σ1and σ 28. K 0’do main for effective stresses σ 1σ2’‘and 9. K 0nK 0 for normally consolidated state 10. K 0uK 0 coefficient under rapid continuous loading ,simulatinginstantaneous loading or an undrained condition 11.K 0d K 0 coefficient under cyclicloading (frequency less than 1 Hz),as a912. pseudo-dynamic test for K 0 coefficientandk , k vpermeability in horizontalhvertical directions, respectively 13.N blow count ,standard penetrationtest 14. OCR over-consolidation ratio 15. p c preconsolidation pressure ,from 16.oedemeter test effective overburden pressurep17. p s specific cone penetration18. resistance ,from static cone testqunconfined compressive strengthu19. U,U m degree ofconsolidation ,subscript m denotes mean value of a specimen 20. u ,u b ,u m pore pressure, subscripts b and mdenote bottom of specimen and mean value,21. respectively natural water content, liquid andwwL wp22. plastic limits, respectively‘and σ ’σ ,σ 2principal stresses, σ112denote effective principal stresses四．浸透性和渗流1. Darcy ’ s law 达西定律2. piping 管涌3. flowing soil 流土4. sand boiling 砂沸5. flow net 流网6. seepage 浸透（流）7. leakage 渗流8. seepage (force) pressure 浸透压力9. permeability 浸透性10. hydraulic gradient 水力梯度11.coefficient of permeability 浸透系数五．地基应力和变形1. soft soil 软土2. (negative) skin friction of driven pile 打入桩（负）摩阻力 3. effective stress 有效应力 total stress 总应力 4. field vane shear strength 十字板抗剪强度5. low activity 低活性6. sensitivity 敏捷度7. triaxial test 三轴试验8. foundation design 基础设计9. recompaction 再压缩10. bearing capacity 承载力11. soil mass 土体12. contact pressure 接触应力13. concentrated load 集中荷载14. a semi-infinite elastic solid 半无穷弹性体15. homogeneous 均质16. isotropic 各向同性17. strip footing 条基18. square spread footing 方形独立基础19. underlying soil (stratum ,strata) 下卧层（土）20. dead load =sustained load 恒载连续荷载21. live load 活载22. short –term transient load 短期刹时荷载23. long-term transient load 长久荷载24. reduced load 折算荷载25. settlement 沉降 deformation 变形26. casing 套管27. dike=dyke 堤（防）28. clay fraction 粘粒粒组94. c vane5. e 06. I p7. K 01029.physical properties 物理性质10.ultimate lateral resistance of single pile 单桩横向30.subgrade路基极限承载力31.well-graded soil 级配优秀土11.static load test of pile单桩竖向静荷载试验32.poorly-graded soil 级配不良土12.vertical allowable load capacity 单桩竖向允许承33.sieve 筛子载力34.Mohr-Coulomb failure condition 摩尔 -库仑损坏13.low pile cap 低桩承台条件14.high-rise pile cap 高桩承台35.FEM=finite element method有限元法15.vertical ultimate uplift resistance of single pile单36.limit equilibrium method 极限均衡法桩抗拔极限承载力37.pore water pressure 孔隙水压力16.silent piling 静力压桩38.preconsolidation pressure 先期固结压力17.uplift pile 抗拔桩39.modulus of compressibility压缩模量18.anti-slide pile 抗滑桩40.coefficent of compressibility压缩系数19.pile groups 群桩pression index 压缩指数20.efficiency factor of pile groups 群桩效率系数42.swelling index 回弹指数（η）43.geostatic stress自重应力21.efficiency of pile groups群桩效应44.additional stress 附带应力22.dynamic pile testing 桩基动测技术45.total stress 总应力23.final set 最后贯入度46.final settlement 最后沉降24.dynamic load test of pile桩动荷载试验47.slip line 滑动线25.pile integrity test 桩的完好性试验六．基坑开挖与降水26.pile head=butt 桩头1.excavation 开挖（挖方）27.pile tip=pile point=pile toe桩端（头）2.dewatering （基坑）降水28.pile spacing 桩距3.failure of foundation 基坑失稳29.pile plan 桩位部署图4.bracing of foundation pit 基坑围护30.arrangement of piles =pile layout桩的部署5.bottom heave=basal heave （基坑）底隆起31.group action 群桩作用6.retaining wall 挡土墙32.end bearing=tip resistance 桩端阻7.pore-pressure distribution 孔压散布33.skin(side) friction=shaft resistance桩侧阻8.dewatering method 降低地下水位法34.pile cushion 桩垫9.well point system 井点系统（轻型）35.pile driving(by vibration)打桩（振动）10.deep well point 深井点36.pile pulling test 拔桩试验11.vacuum well point 真空井点37.pile shoe 桩靴12.braced cuts 支撑围护38.pile noise 打桩噪音braced excavation 支撑开挖39.pile rig 打桩机braced sheeting 支撑挡板八．地基办理（ ground treatment）七．深基础deep foundation 1.technical code for ground treatment of building建1.pile foundation 桩基础筑地基办理技术规范1)cast –in-place 灌输桩 2.cushion 垫层法注桩diving casting cast-in-place pile 沉管灌 3.preloading 预压法4.dynamic compaction 强夯法bored pile 钻孔桩 5.dynamic compaction replacement 强夯置换法异型灌输桩special-shaped cast-in-place pile 机控 6.vibroflotation method振冲法7.sand-gravel pile 砂石桩piles set into rock 嵌岩灌输桩pile-stone column 砂石桩rammed bulb pile夯扩桩8.cement-flyash-gravel pile(CFG) 水泥粉煤灰碎石2)belled pier foundation钻孔墩基础桩drilled-pier foundation 钻孔扩底墩9.cement mixing method水泥土搅拌桩under-reamed bored pier10.cement column 水泥桩3)precast concrete pile 预制混凝土桩11.lime pile (lime column)石灰桩4)steel pile 钢桩12.jet grouting 高压发射注浆法steel pipe pile 钢管桩13.rammed-cement-soil pile夯实水泥土桩法steel sheet pile 钢板桩14.lime-soil compaction pile灰土挤密桩5)prestressed concrete pile 预应力混凝土桩lime-soil compacted column 灰土挤密桩prestressed concrete pipe pile 预应力混凝土lime soil pile 灰土挤密桩管桩15.chemical stabilization化学加固法2.caisson foundation 沉井（箱）16.surface compaction表层压实法3.diaphragm wall 地下连续墙截水墙17.surcharge preloading 超载预压法4.friction pile 摩擦桩vacuum preloading 真空预压法end-bearing pile 端承桩18.sand wick 袋装砂井5.(pile)shaft 桩身19.geofabric ,geotextile 土工织物6.wave equation analysis 颠簸方程剖析posite foundation复合地基7.pile caps 承台（桩帽）21.reinforcement method 加筋法8.bearing capacity of single pile 单桩承载力22.dewatering method 降低地下水固结法teral pile load test 单桩横向载荷试验23.freezing and heating 冷热办理法。

地质学专业英语单词

geology [dʒi'ɔlədʒi] n. 地质学i,地质情况volcano [vɔl'keinəu] volcanic n.火山lava ['lɑ:və] n. 熔岩, 火山岩erupt [i'rʌpt] eruption v.暴发, 喷发earthquake ['ə:θkweik] n. 地震crust [krʌst] n.地壳mineralogy [minə'rælədʒi] n.矿物学petrology [pi:'trɔlədʒi] n.岩石学Physical geology n. 动力地质学Historical geology n.历史地质学explore [iks'plɔ:] v.勘探Mineral resource n. 矿产资源coal [kəul] n.煤ore [ɔ:] n.矿石fossil ['fɔsl] n.化石/adj.化石的reservoir ['rezəvwɑ:] n.水库/储层quarry ['kwɔri] n.采石场/v.挖出sequence ['si:kwəns] n.层序lithosphere['liθəsfiə] n.岩石圈hydrosphere ['haidrəsfiə] n. 水圈economic geology经济地质学seismology [saiz'mɔlədʒi] n. 地震学volcanology [vɔlkən'ɔlədʒi] n. 火山学meteoritics [mi:tiə'ritiks]n. 陨石学mantle['mæntl] n.地幔core [kɔ:] n.地核granitic[græ'nɪtɪk] granite adj. 花岗岩的/花岗岩Roche moutonnée n. 羊背石Lofty mountains n.高山Orogenic belt [ɔ:rə'dʒenik]n.造山带morass [mə'ræs]n.沼泽structural geology ['strʌktʃərəl]构造地质学geochemistry[dʒi:əu'kemistri] n.地球化学geophysics[dʒi:əu'fiziks] n.地球物理学paleontology[pæliɔn'tɔlədʒi] n.古生物学stratigraphy[strə'tigrəfi] n.地层学paleogeography [peiliəudʒi'ɔgrəfi]n. 古地理学geological time地质时期continent['kɔntinənt] n.大陆ocean basin n.洋盆,大洋盆地ocean floor n.洋底solar['səulə] adj.太阳的lunar['lu:nə] adj.月亮的radioactive decay放射性衰变seismic ['saizmik] adj. 地震的thermal gradient温度梯度geothermal gradient 地温梯度Mohorovicic discontinuity莫霍面Alpine chain n.山链karst[kɑ:st] n.喀斯特magma ['mægmə]n. 岩浆luster ['lʌstə(r)]n. 光泽hardness ['hɑ:dnis] n.硬度specific gravity n.比重odor ['əudə] n.气味magnetism ['mægnitizəm] n.磁性transparent [træns'perənt] adj.透明的diagnostic [daiəg'nɔstik] adj.诊断的, 特征的impurity [im'pjuəriti] n. 杂质,不纯streak [stri:k] n. 条痕rub [rʌb] rubbingn. 摩擦/相摩擦hand specimen 手标本unglazed['ʌn'gleizd]adj. 没有上釉的porcelain ['pɔ:slin] n.磁器metallic [mi'tælik] adj.金属的vitreous ['vitriəs] adj.玻璃的resinous ['rezinəs] adj. 树脂的/松脂的pearly luster n.珍珠光泽silky luster n.丝绢光泽dull luster n.暗淡光泽,无光泽earthy luster n.土状光泽mohs scale of hardness 莫氏硬度表diaphaneity [diæfə'ni:iti]n. 透明度thin slice 薄片thin section translucent [træns'lu:sənt] adj. 半透明的opaque [əu'peik] adj.不透明的brittle ['britl] n.脆性shatter ['ʃætə] vt.粉碎crystal form n.晶形symmetry ['simitri] n.对称geometric [dʒiə'metrik] adj.几何学的cleavage ['kli:vidʒ] n. 解理plane of weakness 软弱面orientation [ɔ:rien'teiʃən] n.定向fracture ['fræktʃə] n.断口conchoidal [kɔŋ'kɔidl] adj. 贝壳状的uneven ['ʌn'i:vən] adj.参差状的kaolinite ['keiəlinait] n. 高岭石heft [heft] n.重量apatite ['æpətait]n. 磷灰石olivine [ɔli'vi:n] n. 橄榄石fluorite ['fluərait] n.荧石magnetite ['mægnitait]n. 磁铁矿garnet ['gɑ:nit] n. 石榴石nepheline['nefəlin] n. 霞石biotite ['baiətait]n. 黑云母pyrite ['pairait] n.黄铁矿chlorite ['klɔ:rait] n. 绿泥石opal ['əupəl] n. 蛋白石nonhomogeneous ['nɔnhɔmə'dʒi:njəs]adj. 非均质的scapolite ['skæpəlait] n. 方柱石spinel [spi'nel] n. 尖晶石leucite ['lu:sait] n. 白榴石hematite ['hemətait] n.赤铁矿gypsum ['dʒipsəm] n.石膏Chalcopyrite [kælkə'pairait] n. 黄铜矿chromite ['krəumait] n. 铬铁矿allomorph ['æləmɔ:f] n. 同质多像chalcedony [kæl'sedəni] n.玉髓orthoclase ['ɔ:θəkleis] n. 正长石microcline ['maikrəklain] n. 微斜长石barite ['bɛərait] n. 重晶石graphite ['græfait] n. 石墨analcite [ə'nælsait] n. 方沸石cristobalite [kris'təubəlait]n. 方英石corundum [kə'rʌndəm] n. 刚玉scheelite ['ʃi:lait] n. 白钨矿cassiterite [kə'sitərait] n. 锡石borax ['bɔ:ræks] n.硼砂mica ['maikə] n. 云母feldspar ['feldspɑ:] n. 长石hornblende ['hɔ:nblend] n. 角闪石albite ['ælbait]n. 钠长石triclinic [trai'klinik] adj. 三斜晶系的phenocryst ['fi:nəkrist] n. 斑晶relief [ri'li:f] n.突起balsam ['bɔ:lsəm] n. 树胶birefringence [bairi'frindʒəns] n. 双折射Polysynthetic [pɔlisin'θetik]n. 聚片双晶作用albite law n.钠长石律Carlsbad law 卡尔斯巴德律pericline law ['perəklain] 肖纳长石律rhombic section n. 菱切面interference figure 干与图biaxial positive n.二轴正光性axial anglen. 光轴角2V dispersion [dis'pə:ʃən] n. 色散plagioclase ['pleidʒiəkleis] n. 斜长石index of refraction [ri'frækʃən] n. 折射率extinction angle n.消光角furnish ['fə:niʃ] vt. 提供occurrence [ə'kʌrəns] n.产状tectonite ['tektənait]n. 构造岩nesosilicate [ni:səu‘siləkeit]岛状硅酸盐octahedron [ɔktə‘hi:drən] n.八面体prism ['prizəm] n. 棱柱sill [sil] n. 岩床mutual ['mju:tʃuəl] adj.一路的, 彼此的consecutive [kən'sekjutiv] adj.持续的, 连贯的quartzite ['kwɔ:tsait] n.石英岩granularity [grænju'læriti] n.粒度texture ['tekstʃə] n. 结构sorting ['sɔ:tiŋ] n. 分选induration [indju'reiʃən] n. 固结作用cementation [si:men'teiʃən] n.胶结作用weathered surfacen. 风化面rock unit n. 岩石单元cross bedding n.交织层理peculiarity [pikju:li'æriti] n. 特性lithology [li'θɔlədʒi] n.岩性学hydrothermal [haidrə'θə:məl] adj.热液的, 热水的alteration [ɔ:ltə'reiʃən] n. 蚀变mineralization [minərəlɑi'zeiʃən]n. 矿化作用, 成矿作用strike [straik] n. 走向group [gru:p] n.群jointing ['dʒɔintiŋ]n. 节理flow banding n. 流动条带molten ['məultən] adj. 熔化的sedimentary [sedi'mentəri] adj.沉积的metamorphic [metə'mɔ:fik] adj. 变质的igneous ['igniəs] adj. 火成的gneiss [nais] n.片麻岩marble ['mɑ:bl] n.大理石basalt [bə'sɔ:lt] n.玄武岩fragment ['frægmənt] n.碎片peridotite [peri'dəutait] n.橄榄岩glassy ['glæsi]adj. 玻璃质的pebble ['pebl] n. 鹅卵石diabasic [daiə'beisik]adj. 辉绿岩的andesitic ['ændizitik] adj. 安山岩的intersertal [intə'sə:tl]斑状晶间的/间片biogenetic n. 生物成因的bedding plane n.层面palimpsest structure ['pælimpsest]n. 变余构造fluidal structure n.流纹构造clastic [klæstik] adj. 碎屑的cataclastic texture [kætə'klæstik] n.碎裂结构metasomatic [metəsəu'mætik]adj. 交代的crystalloblastic n.变晶质的basic rock n.基性岩kimberlite ['kimbəlait] n. 金伯利岩diorite ['daiərait] n. 闪长岩conglomerate [kən'glɔmərit] n. 砾岩dolomite ['dɔləmait] n.白云石/白云岩evaporite [i'væpərait] n. 蒸发岩, 蒸发盐diabase ['daiəbeis] n. 辉绿岩breccia ['bretʃə] n.角砾岩loess ['ləuis] n. 黄土leptynite n.长英麻粒岩eclogite ['eklədʒait]n. 榴辉岩petrogenesis [petrə'dʒenisis] n. 岩石成因学cartography [kɑ:'tɔgrəfi] n. 制图学, petrography [pi:'trɔgrəfi] n.岩相学petrofabrics [petrə'fæbrik]n.岩组学chalk [tʃɔːk]n. 白垩marlstone ['mɑ:l,stəun] n. 泥灰岩turbidite ['tə:bidait]n. 浊流岩detrital [di'traitl]adj. 碎屑distal ['distəl]adj. 末梢的benthic organism ['benθik]n. 底栖生物aeolian [i:'əuliən] adj. 风成的vertebrate ['və:tibreit]n. 脊椎动物limestone ['laimstəun] n. 灰岩carbonate ['kɑ:bəneit] n.碳酸盐aragonite [ə'rægənait] n. 文石phosphate ['fɔsfeit] n. 磷酸盐taranakite [tærə'nɑ:kait]磷钾铝石silicon dioxide ['silikən dai'ɔksaid] n. 二氧化硅cristobalite [kris'təubəlait]n. 方英石estuarine ['estjuə'rain] adj.入海的/河口的brackish ['brækiʃ]adj. 有盐味的, 咸的ferruginous [fe'ru:dʒinəs] adj. 铁的, 含铁的phosphorite ['fɔsfərait] n. 磷灰石, 磷矿Graded beddingn.递变层理/粒序层理turbidity current [tə:'biditi] ['kʌrənt] n. 浊流estuarine ['estjuə'rain] adj.入海的/河口的brackish ['brækiʃ]adj. 有盐味的, 咸的ferruginous [fe'ru:dʒinəs] adj. 铁的, 含铁的lime-bearingn. 含钙potash feldspar ['pɔtæʃ] n.钾长石alkali granite ['ælkəlai] n.碱性花岗岩peralkaline granite n.过碱性花岗岩rhyolite ['raiəlait] n.流纹岩granodiorite [grænəu'daiərait]n. 花岗闪长岩rhyodacite n.流纹英安岩tonalite ['təunəlait]n. 英云闪长岩dacite ['dæsait]n. 英安岩syenite ['saiənait] n. 正长岩trachyte ['treikait] n. 粗面岩monzonite ['mɔnzənait] n. 二长岩latite ['leitait]n. 安粗岩tristanite n.碱长粗安岩monzodiorite [mɔnzə'daiərait]二长闪长岩monzogabbro 二长辉长岩andesite ['ændizait] n.安山岩hawaiite 橄榄中长玄武岩trachy basaltn. 粗面玄武岩diorite ['daiərait] n. 闪长岩gabbro ['gæbrəu] n. 辉长岩basalt [bə'sɔ:lt] n.玄武岩ultramafic [ʌltrə'mæfik] adj. 超碱的, 超基性的nepheline ['nefəlin] n. 霞石phonolite ['fəunəlait] n. 响岩essexite ['esiksait]n.碱性辉长岩teschenite 沸绿岩theralite ['θiərəlait]霞斜岩tephrite ['tefrait]n. 碱玄岩plutonic [plu:'tɔnik] adj. 深成的nephelinite ['nefəlinait] n. 霞岩hypabyssal [hipə‘bisl] adj. 浅成的peridotite [peri'dəutait] n.橄榄岩protista [prəu'tistə] n. 原生生物界naturalist ['nætʃərəlist] n. 博物学家planta n.植物界animalia [æni'meiliə]n. 动物界autotrophic [ɔ:təu'trɔfik]adj. 自养的heterotrophic [hetərə'trɔfik]adj. 异养的sedentary ['sednteri] adj. 固定不动的microorganism [maikrəu'ɔ:gənizəm] n.微生物chloroplast ['klɔ:rəplæst] n. 叶绿体organelle [ɔ:gə'nel] n.细胞器cytoplasm ['saitəplæzəm] n.细胞质chlorophyll ['klɔrəfil] n.叶绿素cilia ['siliə] n. 纤毛flagella [flə'dʒelə] n. 鞭毛flagellum 的复数locomotion [ləukə‘məuʃən] n.运动fungi ['fʌŋgai] (fungus的复数)n. 真菌amoeba [ə'mi:bə] n. 变形虫clam [klæm] n.蛤morphological [mɔ:fə'lɔdʒikəl] adj. 形态学的membrane ['membrein] n.薄膜nuclear membrane 核膜chromosome ['krəuməsəum] n. 染色体eucaryote [ju:'kæriəut] n. 真核细eucaryotic adj. 真核的procaryotic [prəukæri'ɔtik]adj. 原核的procaryote [prəu'kæriɔt] n. 原核生物monera [mə‘niərə]n. 原核生物nutrition [nju:'triʃən] n.营养ingest [in'dʒest] v. 摄取、吸收obligate heterotrophy专性异养obligate autotrophy专性自养seaweed ['si:wi:d] n. 海草, 海藻ingest [in'dʒest] v. 摄取、吸收obligate heterotrophy专性异养obligate autotrophy专性自养seaweed ['si:wi:d] n. 海草, 海藻ingest [in'dʒest] v. 摄取、吸收obligate heterotrophy专性异养obligate autotrophy专性自养seaweed ['si:wi:d] n. 海草, 海藻symbiosis [simbai'əusis] n.共生, 共栖symbiont ['simbaiɔnt] n. 共生体paleontologist [pæliɔn'tɔlədʒist]n. 古生物学家Precambrian [pri:'kæmbriən] n. 前寒武纪paleobiology [pæliəubai'ɔlədʒi]n. 古生物学paleobotany [peiliə'bɔtəni] n. 古植物学paleozoology [peiliəuzəu'ɔlədʒi] n. 古动物paleoecology [pæliəui:'kɔlədʒi] n. 古生态学arthropoda [ɑ:'θrɔpədə] n. 节肢动物门trilobite ['trailəbait] n.三叶虫chordata ['kɔr'detə]n. 脊索动物类fusulina n.纺锤蜓属crustacea [krʌs'teiʃiə]n. 甲壳纲动物Protozoa [prəutə'zəuə] n. 原生动物, 单细胞动物schwagerina n.希瓦格蜓属bryophyta 苔癣植物门coelenterata [si'lentəreit] n. 腔肠动物tetracoralla n.四射珊瑚目porifera [pɔ:'rifərə]n. 海绵动物anthozoa [ænθə'zəuə] n. 珊瑚虫类brachiopoda n. 腕足动物门mollusca [mɔ'lʌskə] n. 软体动物门lamellibranchia 双壳类（瓣鳃类）pentameracea五房贝parrot ['pærət] n.鹦鹉螺ammonoidea 菊石亚纲ammonoid n. 菊石graptozoa 笔石纲sporozoa [spɔ:rə'zəuə]孢子虫类reptilia [rep'tiliə]n. 爬行动物dinosaur ['dainəsɔ:] n.恐龙conodont ['kəunədɔnt] n. 牙形刺, 牙形石spongia 海绵paleobotanic 古植物学的annelida [ə'nelidə]n. 环节动物门spongia 海绵paleomagnetism [peiliəu'mægnitizəm]n. 古地磁学fumarole ['fju:mərəul] n. (火山的)喷气孔Martian ['mɑ:ʃiən] n. 火星人adj. 火星的amino acid [ə'mi:nə'æsid] n. 氨基酸Baltic ['bɔ:ltik] adj. 波罗的海的angiosperm [ændʒiəspə:m] n. 被子植物withdrawal [wið'drɔ:əl] n.撤退ontogeny [ɔn‘tɔdʒini] n.个体发生, 个体发生学embryologic [embri'ɔlədʒik] (=bryological)胚胎学的amphibian [æm'fibiən]adj.两栖的ancestor ['ænsistə] n.祖宗, 先人的terrestrial [ti'restriəl] adj.陆地的, 陆相的withdrawal [wið'drɔ:əl] n.撤退ontogeny [ɔn‘tɔdʒini] n.个体发生, 个体发生学embryologic [embri'ɔlədʒik](=bryological)胚胎学的areal geologic investigation n.区域地质调查terminology [tə:mi'nɔlədʒi] n.术语stratigrapher [strə'tigrəfə]n. 地层学家sedimentation [sedimən'teiʃən] n.沉积作用sedimentary column 沉积柱stratal unit n. 地层单元fold [fəʊld]n. 褶皱fault [fɔ:lt] n. 断层strata ['streitə] n. 地层名词stratum的复数形式anticline ['æntiklain] n.背斜syncline ['siŋklain] n. 向斜deformation [di:fɔ:'meiʃən] n. 变形plastically 可塑性overturn [əuvə'tə:n] v.倒转overthrust ['əuvəθrʌst]n. 逆掩uplift [‘ʌplift] n. 隆起dome [dəum] n.穹窿block [blɒk]n. 断块, 岩块normal fault 正断层reverse fault逆断层displacement [dis'pleismənt] n. 移动, 位移downdropped block n.下落断块,下降盘fault plane n. 断层面fault breccia n. 断层角砾岩slicken-side n. 擦痕面nappe [næp] n. 推覆体paleostructure n. 古构造orogenesis [ɔ:rəu'dʒenəsis]n. 造山(运动) terrain ['terein] n.地带, 地形crest plane 脊面limb of fold 褶皱翼apex of fold 褶皱极点axial surface n.轴面vertex ['və:teks] n. 极点, 最高点plunge crown倾伏端rising end of syncline向斜仰起端hinge zone枢纽带trough of fold褶曲槽synform ['sinfɔ:m]n.向形,向斜式构造fault effect 断层作用thrust fault 逆冲断层strike-slip fault 走滑断层foliation [fəuli'eiʃən] n. 面理cleavage ['kli:vidʒ]劈理schistosity [ʃis'tɔsiti]n. 片理gneissic schistosity 片麻理flow cleavage 流劈理fracture cleavage破劈理crenulation cleavage折劈理joint [dʒɔɪnt]n. 节理tension joint 张节理shear joint 剪节理compression joint n.挤压节理diagonal joint 斜节理cross joint n. 横节理,交织节理longitudinal joint 纵节理geosyncline [dʒi:əu'sinklain] n. 地槽geotectonic element 大地构造单元plate tectonic板块构造transform fault 转换断层suture line n.缝合带consume zone 消失带collision zone 碰撞带mid-oceanic ridge 大洋中脊faultblock断块polycycle 多旋回T ethys [‘ti:θis] 古地中海, 特提斯海nonconformity n. 不整合disconformity [diskən'fə:miti] n.平行不整合、假整合angular unconformity 角度不整合oxidation [ɔksi'deiʃən] n.氧化lateritization [lætəritai'zeiʃən]n. 红土化作用granulometric [grænjulə'metrik]adj. 颗粒的uniformitarianism [ju:nifɔ:mi'tɛəriənizəm] n.均变说stretched pebble 伸长卵石drag fold 拖曳/牵引褶皱crustal shortening地壳缩短meteoric shower 流星雨solar tide 太阳潮laterite ['lætərait] n. 红土inclination [inkli'neiʃən] n.偏向, 斜坡, 倾斜度rock slab n.光面boudinage 香肠构造hercynian [hə:'siniən]adj. 海西的n.海西fold belt 褶皱带Ouachita ['wɔʃitɔ:]沃希托山脉[美国中南部] Alleghenian orogeny 阿莱干尼造山运动Appalachian n. 阿帕拉契山脉Mauritanides 西非活动带Caledonian [kæli'dəuniən]adj. /n. 古苏格兰人Caledonian [kæli'dəuniən]adj. /n. 加里东Caledonian cycle加里东旋回Caledonian fold加里东褶皱Uralides 乌拉尔（山脉）deposit [di'pɔzit] vt.沉淀, 堆积vt.沉积n.depositiongeochemistry [dʒi:əu'kemistri] n.地球化学epigenesis [epi'dʒenəsis] n.表生作用、后生作用supergene ['sju:pədʒi:n] adj. 浅成的hypogene ['hipədʒi:n] adj. 深成的diagenesis [daiə'dʒenisis] n. 成岩作用magmatism n. 岩浆作用secondary dispersion halos次生分散晕geochemical investigationn.地球化学调查/化探exogene n.外生impregnation [impreg'neiʃən] n.浸染deposit [di'pɔzit] n.矿床sulfur ['sʌlfə] n.硫化物uranium [juə'reiniəm] n. 铀ground water n. 地下水alteration [ɔ:ltə'reiʃən] n. 蚀变aqueous ['eikwiəs] adj. 水的, 水成的aeolian [i:'əuliən] adj. 风成的gravitational ['grævə'teiʃənəl] adj.重力的isotope ['aisətəup] n.同位素gemology [dʒe'mɔlədʒi] n. 宝石学crystallography [kristə'lɔgrəfi] n.结晶学, 晶体学isotope geology 同位素地质学shell rule 壳层规则polymorphism [pɔli'mɔ:fizəm] n.多形性isomorphism [aisəu'mɔ:fizəm] n. 类质同像atmophile element亲气元素siderophile element亲铁元素lithophile ['liθəʊfail]n. 亲石元素biophile elements亲生元素uraninite ['jurəninait] n. 沥青铀矿(天然氧化铀)galena [gə'li:nə] n.方铅矿bornite n. 斑铜矿sphalerite ['sfælərait] n. 闪锌矿carbonado [kɑ:bə'neidəu] n.黑金刚石iron ['aiən] n. 铁magnesium ['mæg'ni: ziəm] n. 镁nickel ['nikl] n.镍cobalt [kəu'bɔ:lt] n.钴chromium ['krəumiəm] n.铬molybdenum [mə'libdinəm] n. 钼lognormal ['lɔg'nɔ:məl] adj. 对数正态的trace element n. 痕量元素, 微量元素bedrock ['bed'rɔk] n.岩床/基岩polar ['pəulə] adj.两极的/极地lithify ['liθifai]v. 石化/岩化silicify [si'lisifai] v. 硅酸化/硅化fossil soil paleosol ['pæliəsɔl]n.古土壤outweigh v. 比...更重要clay [klei] n.粘土silt [silt] n.粉砂salt bed 盐层emanation [emə'neiʃən] n.散发物, 发出物potassium [pə'tæsiəm] n. 钾phosphorus ['fɔsfərəs] n. 磷sodium ['səudiəm] n.钠chlorine ['klɔ:ri:n] n. 氯transport [træns'pɔ:t] n.运输、搬运tin [tin] n.锡platinum ['plætinəm] n.白金, 铂swamp [swɔmp] n.沼泽tundra n. 苔原, 冻土地带taiga ['taigə] n.针叶树林地带emanation [emə'neiʃən] n.散发物, 发出物sodium ['səudiəm] n.钠chlorine ['klɔ:ri:n] n. 氯tin [tin] n.锡platinum ['plætinəm] n.白金, 铂iii。

地质专业词汇中英文对照

地质专业词汇中英文对照一、地层stratigraphy宇eonothem界erathem系system统series阶stage群group组formation段member显生宇Phaneozoic Eonothem 元古宇Proterozoic Eonothem 太古宇Archaean Eonothem新生界Cenozoic Erathem第四系Quaternary System全新统Holocene Series更新统Pleistocene Series 第三系Tertiary System晚第三系Neogene System上新统Pliocene Series中新统Miocene Series早第三系Paleogene System渐新统Oligocene Series始新统Eocene Series古新统Paleocene Series中生界Mesozoic Erathem白垩系Cretaceous System侏罗系Jurassic System三叠系triassic System古生界Paleozoic Erathem二叠系Permian System石炭系Carboniferous System泥盆系Devonian System志留系Silurian System奥陶系Ordovician System寒武系Cambrian System新元古界Neoproterozoic Erathem震旦系Sinian System中元古界Mesoproterozoic Erathem 古元古界Palaeoproterozoic Erathem 地层对比stratigraphic correlation 层位horizon标志层key bed哑层barren bed缺失lacuna尖灭feather edge透镜状结构lensoid连续continuity不连续discontinuity整合conformity不整合unconformity角度不整合angular unconformity平行不整合para-unconformity产状occurrence走向strike倾角dip真倾角true dip视倾角apparent dip倾伏角plunge侧倾角pitch层理bedding层面bedding planes交错层理cross bedding二、岩性lithology粘土clay粉质粘土silty clay砂sand砾石gravel沉积岩sedimentary rock火成岩igneous rock变质岩metamorphic rock粘土岩claystone, clay rock页岩shale泥岩mudstone粉砂岩siltstone泥质粉砂岩argillaceous siltstone, pelitic siltstone, muddy siltstone砂岩sandstone泥质砂岩argillaceous sandstone, pelitic sandstone, muddy sandstone砾岩conglomerate煤coal灰岩limestone泥灰岩marl, marlstone白云岩dolomite蒸发岩evaporite岩浆岩magmatic rock, magmatite 花岗岩granite玄武岩basalt凝灰岩tuff大理岩marble片麻岩gneiss夕卡岩skarn三、矿物mineral 石英quartz长石feldspar云母mica白云母muscovite 方解石calcspar角闪石hornblende 石膏gypsum硬石膏anhydrite 石盐rock salt钾石盐sylvine光卤石carnallite溢晶石tachydrite 水氯镁石bischofite 四、颜色colour灰色gray白色white黄色yellow蓝色blue绿色green黑色black红色red棕色brown黄褐色tan深色dark浅色light暗色dull五、构造tectonics 断层fault正断层normal fault逆断层reverse fault冲断层thrust走滑断层strike-slip fault 倾滑断层dip-slip fault 断层面fault surface断层线fault line地垒horst地堑graben节理joint上盘hanging wall下盘foot wall落差throw平错heave断层泥fault gouge断层角砾fault brecci海侵transgression海退regression褶曲fold背斜anticline向斜syncline褶轴fold axis轴隆区culmination轴陷区depression翼limb穹窿dome盆地basin六、水文地质hydrologic geology河流river水库reservoir泉spring地表水surface water地下水groundwater大气降水atmospheric precipitation潜水phreatic water承压水confined water层间水interstrated water地下水位groundwater level含水层aquifer, water bearing layer隔水层aquiclude, water-resisting layer 弱含水层aquitard透水层permeable bed孔隙含水层porous aquifer裂隙含水层fissured aquifer岩溶含水层karst aquifer无压含水层unconfined aquifer承压含水层confined aquifer含水岩组water-bearing formation 含水岩系water-bearing rock series 持水度water-holding capacity给水度specific yield透水性permeability富水性water yield property溶洞karst cave孔隙水pore water裂隙水fissure water岩溶水karst water补给区recharge area径流区runoff area排泄区discharge area地下径流underground runoff地下水排泄groundwater discharge降水补给precipitation recharge地表水补给surface water recharge越流补给leakage recharge水文地质单元hydrogeological unit地下水赋存条件 groundwater occurrence水文地质条件hydrogeological condition 水文地质类型hydrogeological type地下水储存量groundwater storage地下水监测groundwater monitoring抽水试验pumping test注水试验injection test入渗试验Infiltration test水文调查hydrologic investigation渗透系数osmotic coefficient矿床充水flooding of ore deposit矿床充水条件flooding condition of ore deposit矿床充水水源Water source of ore deposit flooding 矿床充水通道flooding passage in ore deposit充水岩层flooding layer老窿水goaf water矿坑涌水量water yield of mine正常涌水量normal water yield最大涌水量maximum water yield大井法Large diameter well method开采疏干simultaneous draining in mining地下疏干underground draining地表疏干surface draining疏干钻孔drain well疏干巷道draining tunnel矿井突水water bursting in mines突水点water bursting point防水矿柱ore pillar preventing water burst矿井堵水water blocking in mines探水钻孔water exploration borehole注浆孔grouting well最高洪水位maximum flood level七、工程地质egineering geology顶板roof顶板稳定性roof stability顶板冒落带caving zone of top wall顶板裂隙带fissure zone of top wall顶板管理roof control顶板支护roof support顶板崩落collapse of roof底板floor, footwall底鼓footwall heaving岩石物理性质physical properties of rock岩石力学性质mechanical properties of rock 抗压强度compressive strength抗拉强度tensile strength岩爆rock burst软弱结构面weak structural plane工程地质条件engineering geologic condition 八、环境地质environmental geology岩崩rock fall滑坡landslide泥石流mud-rock flow地震earthquake地面沉降subsidence地面开裂land crack地面塌陷ground surface collapse塌陷坑collapse pit地下水污染groundwater pollution地表水污染surface water pollution污染源pollution source地下水资源枯竭 groundwater resource depletion地下水质恶化deterioration of groundwater quality 九、资源/储量resource/reserve矿产资源mineral resources储量reserves基础储量reserve base资源量resources可采储量proved reserves预可采储量probable reserves探明的measured控制的indicated推断的inferred预测的prognostic远景储量prospective reserves经济的economic边际经济的marginally economic次经济的subeconomic内蕴经济的intrinsically economic矿石ore矿层ore bed矿床ore deposit矿块ore block矿柱ore pillar, ore column矿石品位ore grade富矿体ore shoot, ore course 贫矿poor ore。

地质学相关词汇

地质学相关词汇geology 地质学geologist 地质学家crust 地壳mantle 地幔core 地核continental crust 大陆地壳oceanic crust 海洋地壳layer (stratum,复数strata) 地层plate 板块fault 断层fault plane 断层面fault zone 断层带rift (crack; split) 断裂disintegration (decomposition) 分解erosion 腐蚀fossil 化石igneous rock 火成岩sedimentary rock 沉积岩metamorphic rock 变质岩quartz 石英limestone 石灰岩marble 大理石granite 花岗岩lithogenous 岩成的lithosphere 岩石圈magma 岩浆mineral 矿物ore 矿石deposit 矿床platinum 白金，铂silver 银copper 黄铜aluminum 铝tin 锡lead 铅zinc 锌nickel 镍mercury 汞，水银sodium 钠gem 宝石diamond 钻石emerald 绿宝石ruby 红宝石glacier 冰川glacial 冰川的glacial epoch ( age, period) 冰川期glacial drift 冰渍iceberg 冰山volcano 火山active volcano 活火山extinct volcano 死火山dormant volcano 休眠火山eruption 火山喷发crater 火山口lava 火山岩浆volcanic 火山的volcanic dust 火山尘volcanic ash 火山灰earthquake ( quake; tremor; seism) 地震seismic 地震的seismology 地震学magnitude 震级seismic wave 地震波cataclysm 灾变。

地质类专业英语词汇整理

地质类专业英语词汇整理aftershock 余震altitude 海拔高度aqueous 含水的asthenosphere 软流圈astronomy 天文学bedrock 岩基brittle 易碎的catastrophism 灾难论celestial body 天体Cenozoic 新生代的collision 碰撞compressional stress 压应力compressional 压缩的，纵波的concentric 同心的convergent plate boundary 汇聚板块边缘crustal plate 地壳板块dormant 休眠的dynamo theory 发电机理论economic geology 经济地质学epicenter 震中equator 赤道extraterrestrial 宇宙的focus 焦点，震源geochemistry 地球化学geomorphology 地貌学geophysics 地球物理学gravitation 地心引力gravitational condensation hypotheses 重力凝聚假设interstellar 星际的intricate 复杂的inundate 淹没lave 熔岩lunar 月亮的magma 岩浆meteorite 陨石mineralogy 矿物学Moho 莫霍面mudslide 泥石流ocean trench 海沟paleontology 古地理学paleontology 古生物学Paleozoic 古生代的perimeter 周长petrology 岩石学Precambrian 前寒武纪的radioactive 放射性的remote sensing 遥感Renaissance 文艺复兴时期rigidity 刚度sedimentology 沉积学seismograph 地震仪seismologist 地震学家solar system 太阳系space shuttle 航天飞机stratigraphy 地层学structural geology 构造地质学subterranean 地下的tensional stress 张应力tsunami 海啸uniformitarianism 均变论volcano 火山wave amplitude 波幅space probe 空间探测器Neptune 海王星Jupiter 木星Venus 金星basaltic 玄武岩的incandescent 白炽的lapilli 火山砾cinder 火山渣homogeneous 同类的crystalline 警惕地isomorphism 类质同相heterogeneous 异种的，非均质的transparency 透明度fusibility 熔点conductivity 传导率metasomatism 交代作用，交代变质commodity 日用品sulphide 硫化物petrography 岩相学silicate 硫酸盐arsenide砷化物phosphate 磷酸盐alloy 合金halides 卤化物renewable 可再生的non-renewable不可再生的recycling 重复利用beneficiation 选矿allocation 分配，配置reclamation 回收sewage 垃圾provision 供应carboniferous 石炭纪（的）radiometric 放射测量的span 跨度delimit 以。

地质学英语专业名词a-z

地质学英语专业名词a-zA - anticline（背斜）、asthenosphere（软流圈）B - bedding（层理）、basalt（玄武岩）、batholith（岩体）C - cleavage（劈理）、conglomerate（砾岩）、continental drift（大陆漂移）D - deformation（变形）、dike（岩脉）、dip（倾角）E - earthquake（地震）、epicenter（震中）、erosion（侵蚀）F - fault（断层）、fold（褶皱）、formation（地层）G - geology（地质学）、gneiss（片麻岩）、granite（花岗岩）H - horizon（地层）、hot spot（热点）、hydrothermal（热液）I - igneous（火成的）、intrusion（侵入岩体）、isostasy（均衡状态）J - joint（节理）、jaspillite（带铁石英岩）、jadeite（硬玉）K - karst（岩溶）、kimberlite（金伯利岩）、kaolinite（高岭土）L - limestone（石灰岩）、lithosphere（岩石圈）、lava（熔岩）M - magma（岩浆）、metamorphic（变质的）、mineral（矿物）N - nappe（推覆体）、neotectonics（新构造运动）、normal fault（正断层）O - orogeny（造山运动）、outcrop（露头）、ore（矿石）P - plate tectonics（板块构造）、porphyry（斑岩）、petrology（岩石学）Q - quartzite（石英岩）、quarry（采石场）、quicksand（流沙）R - rift（裂谷）、rock（岩石）、regolith（表土）S - sedimentary（沉积的）、schist（片岩）、strike（走向）T - thrust fault（逆断层）、tuff（凝灰岩）、travertine（石灰华）U - unconformity（不整合）、ultramafic（超镁铁质的）、uplift（隆起）V - vein（矿脉）、volcano（火山）、viscosity（粘度）W - weathering（风化）、welded tuff（焊接凝灰岩）、water table（水位）X - xenolith（岩石包体）、xenotime（独居石）、x-ray diffraction（X射线衍射）Y - yardang（雅丹地貌）、yellowstone（黄石公园）、yield strength（屈服强度）Z - zeolite（沸石）、zircon（锆石）、zonal（带状的）。

常用地质学英语词汇

常用地质学英语词汇常用地质学英语词汇2. GEOLOGY地质2.1 LITHOLOGY CASSIFICATION AND DESCRIPTION ORDER 岩性分类与描述顺序2.1.1 Rock Types 岩石类型Sedi Sedimentry 沉积岩clas clastic 碎屑岩ss sandstone 砂岩mdst mudstone 泥岩sh shale 页岩clyst, clst claystone 粘土岩sd sand 砂mSsd medium sandstone 中砂岩fsst fine sandstone 细砂岩bldr boulder 卵石pbl pebble 卵石grl gravel 砾石cgl conglomerate 砾岩gywk graywacke 硬砂岩cbl cobble 大鹅卵石ark arkose 长石砂岩grnl granule 粒砂brec breccic 角砾岩bioc bioclastic 生物碎屑岩vcrs sst very coarse sandstone 极粗砂岩argl argillite 泥板岩gyp gypsum 石膏anhy anhydrite 硬石膏slt salt 盐岩flint-lingite 隧石carbonate 碳酸盐岩ls limestone 灰岩，石灰岩dolo dolomite 白云石dolst dolostone 白云岩mrls marlstone 泥灰石coq coquina 贝壳灰岩biosp biosparte 生物亮晶灰岩biomi biomicrite 生物微晶灰岩clcar calcarenite 灰屑岩，钙屑灰岩clclt calcilutite 泥屑石灰岩micr micrite 微晶灰岩clcrd calcirudite 砾屑石灰岩clslt calcisilitite 粉砂屑石灰岩grst grainstone 粒状灰岩oolitic limestone 鲕状灰岩27 / 19常用地质学英语词汇Igneous Rock 火成岩intrusive igneous 侵入岩extrusive igneous 喷出岩volc colcanic 火山岩grt granite 花岗岩dr diorite 闪长岩grdr grano diorite 花岗闪长岩qu dr quartz diorite 石英闪长岩dr po diorite porphyrite 闪长玢岩syenite 正长岩gab, gb gabbro 辉长岩qu po quartz porphyrite 石英玢岩an andesite 安山岩bas basalt 玄武岩arag aragonite 纹石，霞石Meta Metsmorphic rock 变质岩phyl phyllite 千枚岩sl slate 板岩sch schist 片岩mbl marble 大理岩gne gneiss 片麻岩qtzt quartzite 石英岩novac novaculite致密石英岩2.1.2 COL Color, Colour 颜色blk black 黑色brn brown 棕色yel yellow 黄色gy, gry grey 灰色or orange 橙色，桔色bl blue 蓝色gn, grn green 绿色wi, wht white 白色pnk pink 粉红色pl purple 紫色lav lavender 浅紫色，淡紫色bf buff 浅黄色tn tan 棕黄色choc chocolate 褐色och ochve 褐色，黄褐色olv olive 橄榄色crm cream 奶油色mott motted 杂色，斑点vocl varicoloree 杂色的amb amber 琥珀色28 / 19常用地质学英语词汇lt light 淡的dk, drk dark 暗的cc color code 颜色代码2.1.3 Hardness 硬度VHD very hard 非常硬MHD middle hard 中硬H hard 硬SFT soft 软VSFT very soft 非常软2.1.4 Roundness 磨圆sharp angular 尖棱状angle angular 棱角状subangle subangular 次棱角状subrnd subround 次圆状rnd round 圆状well round 磨圆好2.1.5 Grain Size Terminology 颗粒大小术语(see app. Table) （见附表）2.1.6 Sorting 分选go good 好f fair 一般md medium 中等pr poor 差c coarsely 粗造2.1.7 Cementation 胶结，胶结物cp compact 胶结致密dns dense 胶结密实well well 胶结好lse loose 胶结疏松sdy are sandy arenaceous 砂质sdy sandy 砂质mdy are mudy argillaceous 泥质ethy earthy 泥质cly clay 粘土质cal, calc calcarous 钙质si siliceous 硅质lim limy 灰质kao kaolin 高岭土质carb carbonaceous 碳质的qtzc quartzitic 石英质quartzizose 石英质的nac nacreous 珍珠质2.1.8 Accessories of Rock 岩石的次要成分min mineral 矿物29 / 19常用地质学英语词汇accessary mineral 次生矿物qz, qtz quartz 石英mic, mica micaceous 云母musc muscovite 白云母biot biotite 黑云母srct sericite 绢云母fld feldspar 长石orth orthpclase 正长石plag plagioclase 斜长石gab gabbro 辉长石py pyrite 黄铁矿lmt limonite 褐铁矿mag magnetite 磁铁矿calc calcite 方解石dol dolomite 白云石gyp gypsum 石膏anhy anhydite 无水石膏sa salt 盐asph asphalt 沥青bit bitumen 沥青gil gilsomite 天然沥青flnt flint 黑燧石，电石cht chert 黑硅石chk chalk 白垩fos fossils 化石micfo microfossil 微化石macfo macrofossil 大化石pl fos plant fossil 植物化石vrtb vertebrate 脊椎动物ancient life 古生物fau fauna 动物群flo flora 植物群spo, spr spore 孢子，孢粉tri trilobite 三叶虫cor coral 珊瑚shl shell 贝壳amm ammonite 菊石alg algae 藻类diat diatoms 硅藻char charophyte 轮藻类grap graptolite 笔石类ost ostracod 介形虫（节肢动物）para paraparchites 介形虫cono conodont 牙形虫30 / 19常用地质学英语词汇crin crinoid 海百合Tent Tentaculities 竹节石属moll mollusc 软体动物Ech Echinoid 海胆类（棘皮动物）Bry Bryozoa 苔藓动物门Ceph Cephalipod 头足纲（软体类）Belm Belmnifera 箭石属（头足类）Brach Brachinopoda 腕足类（动物门）Cyp Cypridopsis 斗星介属（介形类）foram foraminifera 有孔虫类Endo Endothgra 内卷虫属（有孔虫类）Glob Globigerina 抱球虫属（有孔虫类）Gast Gasttropod 腹足纲（软体动物）Fus Fusulinicl 纺锤蜓2.1.9 Depositional Distinguishing Feature 沉积识别特征sedimentary structure 沉积构造bdd beded 层状的bndd banded 层状的band band 夹层xlam crosslaminated 交错层理xbdd crossbeded 交错层intbdd interbeded 互层的，夹层的crnk crinkled 褶皱cont contact 接触，界面unconf unconformity 不整合conf conformity 整合crev crevive 裂隙conc concretion 结核，含有物nod nodules 结核。

地质矿产专业英语词汇

地质矿产英语常用词汇：岩石类型（rock type）petrology 岩石学[pi:'trɔlədʒi]igneous rock 火成岩['iɡniəs]magmatic rock 岩浆岩['mægmətik]lava（vocanic rock）火山岩['lɑ:və, 'lævə]intrusive（invade）rock 侵入岩[in'tru:siv]effusive rock 喷出岩[i'fju:siv]plutonic rock 深成岩[plu:'tɔnik]pypabyssal rock 浅成岩acid rock 酸性岩['æsid]intermediate rock 中性岩[,intə'mi:djət, -dieit]basic rock 基性岩['beisik]ultrabasic rock 超基性岩[,ʌltrə'beisik]granite 花岗岩['ɡrænit]porphyry 斑岩['pɔ:firi]porphyrite 玢岩['pɔ:firait]rhyolite ['raiəlait] 流纹岩syenite ['saiinait] 正长岩trachyte ['treikait, 'træ-] 粗面岩diorite [daiərait] 闪长岩andesite ['ændizait] 安山岩gabbro ['ɡæbrəu] 辉长岩basalt ['bæsɔ:lt] 玄武岩aplite ['æplait] 细晶岩pegmatite ['peɡmətait] 伟晶岩lamprophyre ['læmprə,faiə] 煌斑岩diabase ['daiəbeis] 辉绿岩dunite ['dʌnait] 橄榄岩pumice ['pʌmis] 浮岩sedimentary rock [,sedi'mentəri] 沉积岩clastic ['klæstik] 碎屑岩clay rock [klei] 黏土岩chemical rock ['kemikəl] 化学岩biolith ['baiəuliθ]生物岩conglomerate [kən'ɡlɔmərət, -reit, kən'ɡlɔməreit] 砾岩siltstone ['siltstəun] 粉砂岩mudstone ['mʌdstəun] 泥岩shale [ʃeil] 页岩saline rock ['seilain, -li:n] 岩盐limestone ['laimstəun] 石灰岩dolomite ['dɔləmait] 白云岩marl [mɑ:l] 泥灰岩volcanic breccia [vɔl'kænik] ['bretʃiə] 火山角砾岩volcanic agglomerate [ə'ɡlɔmərət, -reit, ə'ɡlɔməreit] 火山块集岩tuff [tʌf] 凝灰岩metamorphic rock [,metə'mɔ:fik] 变质岩slate [sleit] 板岩phyllite 千枚岩schist 片岩gneiss [nais] 片麻岩quartzite ['kwɔ:tsait] 石英岩marble ['mɑ:bl] 大理岩mylonite ['mailənait, 'mil-] 糜棱岩migmatite ['miɡmətait] 混合岩cataclasite 碎裂岩sediment（deposit）['sedimənt] 沉积物、沉积层boulder ['bəuldə] 漂石、顽石cobble ['kɔbl] 卵石gravel ['ɡrævəl] 砾石sand [sænd] 砂silt [silt] 粉土clay [klei] 粘土sandy clay 砂质粘土clayey sand 粘质砂土sandy loam [ləum] 壤土、亚黏土regolith（topsoil）['reɡəliθ]浮土（表土）loess ['ləuis] 黄土laterite ['lætərait] 红土peat [pi:t] 泥炭ooze [u:z] 软泥（海泥）地质矿产英语常用词汇：矿物岩石物理性质（physical character of minerals）hardness ['hɑ:dnis] 硬度luster ['lʌstə] 光泽color ['kʌlə] 颜色transparency（pellucidity）[træns'pærənsi, -'pεə-, trænz-, trɑ:n-] 透明度streak [stri:k] 条痕rent（fracture）[rent] 断口crystal form ['kristəl] 晶形classification [/,klæsifi'keiʃən/] 分类structure ['strʌktʃə] 构造texture ['tekstʃə] 结构fabric ['fæbrik] 组成mineral composition [,kɔmpə'ziʃən] 矿物组成crystalline ['kristəlain] 结晶质amorphous substance [ə'mɔ:fəs] ['sʌbstəns]非晶质fossil ['fɔsəl] 化石degree of rounding ['raundiŋ]磨圆度degree of grains [ɡreins] 粒度地质矿产英语常用词汇：工程地质（engineering geology）geotechnics（geotechnique）土工学、土工技术、岩石工程rock mechanics 岩石力学soil mechanics 土力学geomechanics 地质力学（岩石力学）engineering geological conditions 工程地质条件engineering geological problems 工程地质问题rock mass structure 岩体结构geographic and geomorphic conditions 地形地貌条件geophysical phenomenon 物理地质现象hydrogeological conditions 水文地质条件natural materials 天然材料reservoir 水库settlement 沉降displacement 位移deformation 变形tectonic stress 构造应力residual stress 残余应力angle of internal friction 内摩擦角cohesion 内聚力（凝聚力、粘聚力）pressure tunnel 压力隧洞underground cavern/cavity 地下洞室overburden 覆盖物bed rock（base rock foundation rock）基岩firm rock（sound rock）硬岩weak rock（soft rock）软岩interbed 夹层zone of fracture（broken zones）破碎带homogeneity 均质性nonhomogeneity（heterogeneity）非均质性isotropy 各向同性anisotropy 各向异性地质矿产英语常用词汇：地质构造（geologic structure）fault [fɔ:lt] 断层normal fault ['nɔ:məl] 正断层reversed fault [ri'və:st] 逆断层paralled fault 平移断层gouge [ɡaudʒ] 断层泥stria ['straiə] 擦痕joint [dʒɔint] 节理primary joint ['praiməri] 原生节理secondary ['sekəndəri] 次生节理tension joint ['tenʃən] 张节理unloading joint [,ʌn'ləudiŋ]卸荷节理schistosity [ʃis'tɔsiti] 片理bedding ['bediŋ]层理foliation 板理（叶理）ripple mark ['ripl] 波痕mud crack [mʌd] [kræk]泥痕rain print 雨痕orientation of bedrock [,ɔ:rien'teiʃən, əu-] 岩层产状strike [straik] 走向dip [dip] 倾向angle of dip（dip angle）倾角fold [fəuld] 褶皱anticline ['æntiklain] 背斜syncline ['siŋklain, 'sin-] 向斜monocline（homocline）['mɔnəuklain] 单斜dome [dəum] 穹隆soft stratum 软弱岩层zone of fracture（broken zone）破碎带affected zone 影响带platy structure 板状构造cleavage ['kli:vidʒ] 解理fracture（rupture）['fræktʃə] 断裂fissure（crack fracture）['fiʃə] 裂隙地质矿产英语常用词汇：地质年代（geochronology of geologic time）Archaeozoic era（erathem），太古代（界）Proterozoic era（erathem），元古代（界）Palaeozoic era（erathem），古生代（界）Mesozoic era（erathem），中生代（界）Cenozoic era（erathem），新生代（界）Sinian period（system），震旦纪（系）Cambrian period（system），寒武纪（系）Ordovician period（system），奥陶纪（系）Silurian period（system），志留纪（系）Devonian period（system），泥盆纪（系）Carboniferous period（system），石炭纪（系）Permian period（system），二叠纪（系）Triassic period（system），三叠纪（系）Jurassic period（system），侏罗纪（系）Cretaceous period（system），白垩纪（系）Tertiary period（system），第三纪（系）Quaternary period（system），第四纪（系）。

地质学基础知识词汇

地质学基础知识词汇一、岩石相关。

1. igneous rock [ˈɪɡniəs rɒk]（名词短语）- 释义：火成岩，是由岩浆冷却凝固形成的岩石。

例如花岗岩（granite）就是一种常见的侵入型火成岩。

2. sedimentary rock [ˌsedɪˈmentri rɒk]（名词短语）- 释义：沉积岩，是在地表不太深的地方，将其他岩石的风化产物和一些火山喷发物，经过水流或冰川的搬运、沉积、成岩作用形成的岩石。

如砂岩（sandstone）、页岩（shale）等。

3. metamorphic rock [ˌmetəˈmɔːfɪk rɒk]（名词短语）- 释义：变质岩，是由变质作用所形成的岩石。

在地壳形成和发展过程中，早先形成的岩石，包括沉积岩、岩浆岩，由于后来地质环境和物理化学条件的变化，在固态情况下发生了矿物组成调整、结构构造改变甚至化学成分的变化，而形成一种新的岩石。

大理岩（marble）是由石灰岩（limestone，一种沉积岩）变质而成的变质岩。

二、地质构造相关。

1. fold [fəʊld]（名词/动词）- 名词释义：褶皱，是岩石受力发生的弯曲变形。

褶皱有背斜（anticline）和向斜（syncline）两种基本类型。

- 动词释义：使弯曲，例如：The layers of rock were folded by the tectonic forces.（这些岩层被构造力弯曲了。

）2. fault [fɔːlt]（名词/动词）- 名词释义：断层，是地壳受力发生断裂，沿破裂面两侧岩块发生显著相对位移的构造。

- 动词释义：挑剔，例如：You can't fault his work.（你不能挑剔他的工作。

）在地质学语境中主要用名词意义。

3. stratum [ˈstrɑːtəm]（名词，复数strata）- 释义：地层，是指在地壳发展过程中形成的各种成层和非成层岩石的总称。

例如：The different strata tell the story of different geological periods.（不同的地层讲述着不同地质时期的故事。

地质专业英语词汇

Cosmic宇宙extraterrestrial地球外的nebula星云primeval原始的，远古的spherical球（形）的deposition沉积作用paleogeology 古地质学reservoir储集层sediment沉积物sedimentary rock沉积岩texture结构，纹理diagenesis成岩作用，岩化作用weathering侵蚀，风化作用lithology岩石学，岩性mineralogy矿物学stratigraphic地层学的contour等高线coral reef珊瑚礁deform变形discontinuity间断，不连续性igneous rock火成岩outcrop露出地表的基岩precipitate(使)沉积stratified rock层状的岩石superposition叠覆，地层叠覆律bed层bedded deposit层状沉积物bedding plane层面disconformity平行不整合nonconformity不整合stratum岩层crumple起皱granitic花岗岩mantle地幔trench海沟dsthenosphere软流圈lithosphere岩石圈plate tectonics板块构造学subduction俯冲作用paleomagnetics古地磁学specimen样本，标本basalt玄武岩terrestrial地球的，陆地的epoch世，纪元hematite赤铁矿ilmenite钛铁矿magnetite磁铁矿debris碎屑mafic镁铁质的，基性的magma岩浆magnesium镁seismologist地震学家volatile挥发性的，不稳定的andesite安山岩cinder cone火山渣堆diorite闪长岩felsic长英质矿物，长英质的gabbro辉长岩ignimbrite熔结凝灰岩rhyolite流纹岩shield volcano盾状火山ultramafic超镁铁质的，超基性的pyroclastic火成碎屑silica二氧化硅stratovolcano层状火山aluminosilicate铝硅酸盐crystalline晶体的，晶质的extrusive喷出的，喷出岩andalusite 红柱石batholith岩基dike岩脉faulting断裂作用fault plane 断层面metamorphism变质作用mica云母sill岩床transform fault转换断层shale页岩molten mass熔融体overthrust逆掩断层plutonism火成作用，深成作用pyroxene辉石fold褶皱gypsum 石膏rift valley地堑，裂谷subsidence沉淀superimpose叠加dip倾向marble大理石strike走向topographic地形学的crust地壳biotite黑云母calcite方解石feldspar长石lithification岩化作用moscovite白云母quartz石英。

专业地质英语词汇

俯冲||Subduction图表||diagram成岩作用||diagenesis缝合线||stylolite角闪岩||amphibolite阶||Stage期||Age组||Formation岩群||Group Complex奥陶纪||Ordovician Period奥陶系||Ordovician System白钨矿||Scheelite白云母||muscovite白云石||dolomite白云石化||dolomitizatio白垩纪||Cretaceous Period白垩系||Cretaceous System斑点状构造||spotted structure斑晶||phenocryst斑铜矿||bornite斑杂构造||taxitic structure斑状变晶结构||porphyroblastic texture斑状结构||porphyritic texture板块||plate板块边界||plate boundary板块构造学||plate tectonics板块运动||plate motion板岩||slate伴生矿物||associate mineral半自形粒状||hypidiomorphic granular剥蚀[作用]||denudation边界品位||cut-off grade边坡||slope变粒岩||leptynite, leptite变泥质岩||metapelite变形条带||deformation band变形纹||deformation lamella变余斑状结构||blastoporphyritic texture变质带||metamorphic zone变质反应||metamorphic reaction 变质分异作用||metamorphic differentiation变质阶段||metamorphic episode变质矿床||metamorphic mineraldeposit变质期||metamorphic epoch变质事件||metamorphic event变质相||metamorphic facies变质作用||metamorphism标型矿物||typomorphic mineral标型元素||typochemical element表生异常||hypogene anomaly滨岸||onshore冰川||glacier波状层理||wavy bedding不等粒斑状结构||inequigranularporphyritic texture不等粒状||inequigranular不对称||asymmetry不对称褶皱||asymmetrical fold不连续||discontinuity不整合||unconformity残积矿床||residual deposit层||bed层控矿床||strata-bound mineraldeposite层理||bedding层面||bedding plane, beddingsurface层位||horizon层型||stratotype层序||sequence层序地层学||sequencestratigraphy层状硅酸盐||phyllo-silicate层状火山||stratovolcano层状矿床||stratiform deposit产状[要素]||attitude产状||occurrence长石||feldspar沉积[作用]||sedimentation,deposition沉积分异[作用]||sedimentarydifferentiation沉积盖层||sedimentary cover沉积构造||sedimentary structure沉积环境||sedimentaryenvironment沉积建造||sedimentary formation沉积接触||sedimentary contact沉积结构||sedimentary texture沉积矿床||sedimentary deposit沉积喷流矿床||sedimentaryexhalative deposit沉积物||sediment沉积相||sedimentary facies沉积岩||sedimentary rock沉积组合||sedimentary association沉降||subsidence成矿带||metallogenic belt成矿期||metallogenic epoch成矿区||metallogenic region成矿省||metallogenic province成矿系列||minerogenetic series,metallogenic series;成矿学||metallogeny成矿域||metallogenic domain,metallogenic megaprovince成矿预测||metallogenic prediction成矿元素||ore-forming element成矿作用||metallogenesis,minerogenesis赤铁矿||hematite赤铜矿||cuprite冲断层||thrust磁铁矿||magnetite磁性||magnetic, magnetism次生富集带||zone of secondaryenrichment次生矿物||secondary mineral次生异常||secondary anomaly大地构造图||tectonic map大地构造学||geotectonics大理岩||marble大陆[性]冰川||continental glacier大陆||continent大陆边缘||continental margin单斜||monocline。

地质专业词汇C-D5

conical fold 锥形褶皱 conical fracture 圆锥状破裂 conical orthomorphic projection 正形圆锥投影 conical projection 圆锥投影 conichalcite 砷钙铜矿 conifer 针叶树 coniferous forest 针叶林 coniferous tree 针叶树 conifers 松柏类 conjugate faults 共轭断层 conjugate point 共轭点 conjugate shear planes 共轭剪切⾯ conjugate stress 共轭应⼒ conjugated double bond 共轭双键 conjugated joint 共轭节理 conjugation 共轭 conjugation line 结合线 conjunct arc 联合弧 conjunction plane 联接⾯ connate water 原⽣⽔ connellite 绿盐铜矿 conodonts ⽛形化⽯ conoscope 锥光偏振仪 conrad discontinuity 康拉德不连续⾯ consanguinity 同源 consequent divide 顺向分⽔岭 consequent river 顺向河 consequent valley 顺向⾕ consociation ⼩群落 consolidated rock 固结岩 consolidation 固结 constant pressure line 等压线 constant pressure surface 等压⾯ constant zone of subsurface temperature 恒温层 constituent 成分 constitution diagram 组合图 constitution of earth 地球的组成 constitution water 结构⽔ constitutional ash 固定灰分 constraint arc 限制弧 constructive metamorphism 接⼒变质 constructive phase 构造相 consume zone 消失带 contact 接触圈 contact action 接触酌 contact deposit 接触矿床 contact log 接触式测井 contact metamorphic deposit 接触变质矿床 contact metamorphic zone 接触变质带 contact metamorphism 接触变质 contact metasomatism 接触交代 contact mineral 接触矿物 contact plane 接触⾯ contact spring 接触泉 contact twin 接触双晶 contaminated rock 混杂岩 contamination 混合 contemporaneous 同时的 contemporaneous deformation structure 同⽣变形构造 contemporaneous erosion 同时侵蚀 contemporaneous fault 同⽣断层 contemporaneous heterotopic facies 同时异相 contemporaneous vein 同期脉 content 品位 content of gas ⽡斯含量 continental accretion ⼤陆增长 continental accretion theory 陆地增⽣说 continental air mass ⼤陆⽓团 continental block ⼤陆块 continental borderland ⼤陆边缘地 continental connection ⼤陆连接 continental crust ⼤陆型地壳 continental deposits 陆相沉积 continental drift theory ⼤陆漂恋 continental facies 陆相 continental flysch formation 陆相复理式建造 continental glacier ⼤陆冰川 continental glacier isostatic process ⼤陆冰川均衡过程 continental margin ⼤陆边缘 continental nucleus ⼤陆核 continental rise ⼤陆隆起 continental river ⼤陆河 continental sea 内陆海 continental sediment 陆相沉积 continental shelf 陆棚 continental slope ⼤陆坡 continental stable massif ⼤陆稳定地块 continental terrace ⼤陆台地 continentality ⼤陆度 continuous area 连续区 continuous cleavage 连续劈理 continuous folding 连续褶皱 continuous reaction series 连续反应系 continuous spectrum 连续光谱 continuous terrace 连续阶地 contorted strata 扭曲层 contour 轮廓 contour line 等⾼线 contouring 矿体圈定 contourite 等深线沉积物 contraction 收缩 contraction crack 收缩破裂 contraction fissure 收缩裂缝 contraction hypothesis 收缩假说 contraction joint 收缩节理 contrast area 对照区 contrast photometer 对⽐光度计 control gate 节制闸门 convection 对流 convection cell 对了 convection current theory 对恋 convective precipitation 对猎降⽔ converged terrace 汇合阶地 convergence 汇合 convergence's law 收敛定律 convergent boundary 会聚边缘 convergent drainage 会聚⽔系 conversion table 换算表 converted wave 转换波 converter 转炉 convex 凸起的 convex slope 凸形斜坡 convolute bedding 卷层理 convolute lamination 旋卷纹理 convolution 褶积 cookeite 锂绿泥⽯ cooling joint 冷却节理 cooling plant 冷却装置 coordinate bond 配位键 coordinate number 配位数 coordination 配位 coordination bond 配位键 coordination compound 配位化合物 coordination formula 配位式 coordination lattice 配位晶格 coordinationn polyhedron 配位多⾯体 copiapite 叶绿矾 copper 铜 copper mine 铜矿⼭ copper ore 铜矿 copper ore deposit 铜矿床 copper pyrite 黄铜矿 copper sandstone 铜砂岩 coppite 重烧绿⽯ coprolite 粪化⽯ coprology 粪⽯学 coquimbite 针绿矾 coquina 贝壳灰岩 coral 珊瑚 coral island 珊汉 coral limestone 珊函灰岩 coral mud 珊亨 coral reef 珊焊 coral sand 珊喊 coral shoal 珊旱礁 coral zone 珊壶 corded lava 绳状熔岩 cordierite 董青⽯ cordierite norite 董青苏长岩 cordylite 氟碳钡铯矿 core 岩⼼ core analysis 岩⼼分析 core bit 岩⼼钻头 core boring method 取⼼钻探法 core breaker 岩⼼提取器 core drill 岩⼼钻 core drilling 岩⼼钻进 core extractor 岩⼼提取器 core grabber 岩⼼⽖ core of the earth 地核 core recovery 取⼼回收率 core rock 横卧背斜中⼼岩 core sample 岩⼼试样 core texture 环礁结构 corebarrel 岩⼼管 corecatcher 岩⼼提取器 coring tube 底质柱状取样器 corkite 磷硫铅铁矿 cornetite 蓝磷铜矿 cornification ⾓质化 cornubianite 粒状⾓页岩 cornuite ⼟硅铜矿 cornwallite 翠绿砷铜矿 corona 反应边 coronadite ⽅锰铅矿 coronite 镁电⽓⽯ corrasion 磨蚀 correction 校正 correlation 对⽐ correlation coefficient 相关系数 correlation diagram 相关图 correlation of coal seams 煤层对⽐ correlation of strata 地层对⽐ correlation table 对⽐表 corrosion 腐蚀 corrosion inhibitor 腐蚀防⽌剂 corrosion rim 熔蚀缘 corrosive 腐蚀的 corrugation structure 煤的揉皱构造 corsite 球状闪长岩 corundellite 珍珠云母 corundophilite 脆绿泥⽯ corundum 刚⽟ corvusite ⽔复钒矿 cosalite 斜⽅辉铅铋矿 cosmic abundance 宇宙丰度 cosmic dust 字宙尘 cosmic erosion 宇宙剥蚀酌 cosmic material 宇宙物质 cosmic radiation 宇宙辐射 cosmic radiation age 字宙线辐射年代 cosmobiochemistry 天体⽣化学 cosmochemistry 宇宙化学 cosmogenic nuclide 宇宙源核种 cosmogenic radioisotope 宇宙成因放射性同位素 cosmogeolory 宇宙地质学。

地质专业词汇C-D3

chromatography ⾊层分离法 chrome 铬 chrome diopside 铬透辉⽯ chrome sand 铬砂 chromic acid 铬酸 chromite 铬铁矿 chromite deposit 铬铁矿床 chromium 铬 chromotropic acid 铬变酸 chrompicotite 硬铬尖晶⽯ chronolithologic unit 年代地层单位 chronologic scale 地质年代表 chronology 年代学 chronostratigraphic unit 年代地层单位 chronostratigraphy 年代地层学 chronozone 时带 chrysoberyl ⾦绿宝⽯ chrysocolla 硅孔雀⽯ chrysolite 贵橄榄⽯ chrysoprase 绿⽟髓 chrysotile 纤维蛇纹⽯ chrysotile asbestos 纤维蛇纹⽯ churchite ⽔磷铈矿 churn drill 钢丝绳钻机 churn drilling method 冲魂井⽅法 chute 斜槽 ciliary 纤⽑的 ciliates 纤⽑⾍类 ciminite 正边粗⾯粗⽞岩 cimmerian 误⾥阶 cimolite ⽔⼟ cinder ⽕⼭渣 cinder cone ⽕⼭渣锥 cinerite ⽕⼭凝灰岩 cinnabar ⾠砂 ciplyite 磷硅钙⽯ cipolino 云母⼤理岩 cipollin 云母⼤理岩 cipw classification cipw分类 circle of influence 影响圈 circular structure 环状构造 circulating mud 循环泥桨 circulating water 循环⽔ circulation 循环 circulation drilling 环陵井 circulation index 环粮数 circum pacific 环太平洋的 circum pacific calc alkaline petrographic province 环太平洋钙碱性岩⽯区 circum pacific geothermal belt 环太平洋地热带 circum pacific island arc 环太平洋岛弧 circum pacific seismic zone 环太平洋地震带 circum pacific volcanic belt 环太平洋⽕⼭带 circumdenudation 环蚀 circumerosion 环蚀 circumference 圆周 circumoceanic andesite 环洋安⼭岩 cirque 环⾕ cirrolite 黄磷钙铝⽯ cistern 蓄⽔池 citrate 柠檬酸盐 citric acid 柠檬酸 citrine 黄晶 civil engineering ⼟⽊⼯程 clarain 亮煤 clarite 亮煤 clarke number 克拉克值 clarkeite ⽔钠铀矿 clarodurite 微亮暗煤 clasolite 碎屑岩 class 纲 classification 分类 classification of organisms ⽣物分类 classifier 分级机 classify 分类 clast 碎屑物 clastic 碎屑状的 clastic breccia 碎屑⾓砾岩 clastic deformation 碎屑变形 clastic deposits 碎屑沉积物 clastic dike 碎屑岩墙 clastic ratio 碎屑⽐ clastic rock 碎屑岩 clastic sediments 碎屑沉积 clastic structure 碎屑构造 clastic wedge 碎屑楔状体 clastics 碎屑物 clastocrystalline 碎屑结晶质 clastogranitic 碎屑花岗质的 clathrate texture 格⼦状组构 claudetite ⽩砷⽯ clausthalite 硒铅矿 clavalite 哑铃晶 clavate 棒状的 claviform 棒状的 clavoid 棒状的 clay 粘⼟ clay coating 泥糊 clay deposit 粘⼟矿床 clay desert 粘⼟荒漠 clay film 泥糊 clay gall 粘⼟⽚ clay gouge 断层泥 clay ironstone 泥铁岩 clay mineral 粘⼟矿物 clay plug 粘⼟塞⼦ clay soil 粘⼟质⼟壤 clay stone 粘⼟岩 clay vein 粘⼟脉 clayey 泥质的 clayey sand 粘⼟质砂 claying of soil ⼟壤粘化 clayish 泥质的 claypan 隔⽔粘⼟层 clayzation 粘⼟化 clean sand 净砂层 cleaning 精选 cleaning bottom of hole 扫孔 clear relief 显地形 clearance 间隙 clearing basin 沉积池 cleat 割理 cleavage 解理 cleavage face 劈理⾯ cleavage fan 扇状劈理 cleavage fold 劈理褶皱 cleavage form 劈理形 cleavage plane 劈理⾯ cleave 劈开解理 cleavelandite 叶钠长⽯ cleiophane 纯闪锌矿 cliff 悬崖 cliff glacier 悬崖冰川 cliftonite ⽅晶⽯墨 climate ⽓候 climatography ⽓候学 climatostratigraphy ⽓候地层学 climax 演替顶极 climbing plant 绕攀植物 clingmanite 珍珠云母 clinkstone 响岩 clino axis 斜轴 clino diagonal axis 斜轴 clino prism 钭轴柱 clino pyramid 斜轴锥 clino unconformity 斜交不整合 clinochlore 斜绿泥⽯ clinoclase 光线矿 clinoclasite 光线矿 clinocrocite 铁钾茂 clinodome 斜轴坡⾯ clinoenstatite 斜顽辉⽯ clinoferrosilite 斜铁辉⽯ clinographic projection 斜射投影 clinohedrite 斜晶⽯ clinohumite 钭硅镁⽯ clinohypersthene 钭柴苏辉⽯ clinometer 地质罗盘 clinopinacoid 斜轴⾯ clinoptilolite 斜发沸⽯ clinopyroxene 斜辉⽯ clinounconformity 斜交不整合 clinozoisite 斜帘⽯ clintonite 绿脆云母 clitellum 环带 clockwise rotation 顺 clockwise shearing 顺时针扭动 clod ⼟粒 cloddy 团块状的 close packed structure 密集结构 closed basin 封合盆地 closed community 闭锁植物群落 closed fault 闭合断层 closed fold 闭合褶皱 closed joint 闭式节理 closed system 封闭系统 closed tube analysis 闭管分析 closest packing 最密充填 closing error 闭合误差 closterite 库克油页岩 cloudburst ⼤暴⾬ club mosses ⽯松类 clue method 重点区法 cluster 群；串 coacervate 团聚体 coacervation 凝聚 coadaptation 互相适应 coagulant 凝结剂 coagulation 凝聚 coagulative power 凝结⼒ coal 煤 coal accumulating basin 聚煤盆地 coal accumulating palaeostructure 聚煤古构造 coal accumulating process 聚煤酌 coal analysis 煤分析 coal ash fusion temperature 煤灰熔点 coal ball 煤层⽯球 coal basin 煤盆地 coal bearing formation 含煤地层 coal bearing property 含煤性 coal bearing ratio 含煤系数 coal carbonization 煤之碳化 coal deposits 煤矿床 coal diagenesis 煤成岩酌 coal district 煤产地 coal dressing 选煤 coal field 煤⽥ coal field gas 煤⽥⽓ coal for gasification ⽓化⽤煤 coal forming period 聚煤期 coal forming process 成煤酌 coal gas 煤⽓ coal geology 煤炭地质学 coal measures 煤系 coal metamorphism 煤变质酌 coal mine 煤矿 coal miner 煤矿⼯ coal mining 采煤 coal oil mixture 煤焦油混合物 coal petrology 煤岩学 coal preserving structure 贮煤构造 coal property 煤质 coal reserves 煤储量 coal seam 煤层 coalescing alluvial fan 复合冲积扇 coalification 煤化酌 coalification jump 煤化酌跃变 coalman 煤矿⼯ coaly 含煤的 coarse grained texture 粗粒结构 coarse sand 粗砂 coarse soil ⼤粒⼟壤 coarsness 粗粒度 coast of dalmatian type 达尔马堤亚式海岸 coast of elevation 隆起海岸 coastal aquifer 滨海含⽔层 coastal cave 海岸洞⽳ coastal land form 海岸地形 coastal plain 海滨平原 coastal sand dune 海岸沙丘 coastal terrace 海岸阶地 coastal vegetation 海滨植被 coastline 海岸线 coating 覆盖层 cobalt 钴 cobalt pyrite 硫钴矿 cobaltine 辉钴矿 cobaltite 辉钴矿 cobaltocalcite 钴⽅解⽯ cobaltomenite 硒钴矿 cobaltsmithsonite 钴菱锌矿 cobble stone 中砾⽯ coblenzian stage 科布林茨阶 coccinite 硒汞矿 coccolite 粒辉⽯ coccolith ooze 颗⽯藻软泥 coccolithes 颗⽯藻 coccyx 尾⾻ cockade ore 环状矿⽯ cockade structure 鸡冠构造 cockpit 灰岩盆地 codazzite 菱钙铈矿 code minier 矿⼭法则 code of stratigraphic nomenclature 地层命名法规 coeffcient of volume compressibility 体积压缩系数 coefficient 系数 coefficient of compressibility 压缩系数 coefficient of consolidation 固结系数 coefficient of discharge 量系数 coefficient of elasticity 弹性系数 coefficient of expansion 膨胀系数 coefficient of friction 摩擦系数 coefficient of permeability 渗透系数 coefficient of relaxation 松弛系数 coefficient of restitution 抗冲系数 coefficient of safety 安全系数 coefficient of uniformity 均匀系数 coefficient of variation 变化系数 coefficient of variation of grade 品位变化系数 coefficient of viscosity 粘滞系数 coelenterata 腔肠动物 coelom 体腔 coercive force 矫顽⼒ coercivity 矫顽性 coeruleite 铜矿 coeruleolactite 微晶磷铝⽯。