2010下半年英语二级《笔译综合》样卷及答案

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二级笔译考试样题答案

二级笔译考试样题答案一、词汇选择（每题1分，共10分）1. The company is currently undergoing a period ofsignificant ________.A. inflationB. transitionC. stagnationD. fluctuation答案：B2. The government has taken measures to ________ the spreadof the virus.A. containB. sustainC. accelerateD. mitigate答案：A3. The ________ of the project was delayed due to bad weather.A. implementationB. inaugurationC. executionD. commencement答案：D4. The new policy aims to ________ the gap between the rich and the poor.A. bridgeB. widenC. deepenD. ignore答案：A5. The company has decided to ________ its operations in the overseas market.A. expandB. contractC. suspendD. dissolve答案：A6. The ________ of the old factory will lead to the creation of new jobs.A. renovationB. demolitionC. relocationD. adaptation答案：B7. The team's ________ to the challenge was impressive.A. responseB. reactionC. acceptanceD. submission答案：A8. The ________ of the new law has been postponed due to political disagreements.A. enforcementB. establishmentC. formulationD. implementation答案：D9. The ________ of the old bridge was necessary for safety reasons.A. repairB. maintenanceC. replacementD. inspection答案：C10. The company is seeking to ________ its product line with more innovative items.A. diversifyB. specializeC. standardizeD. streamline答案：A二、阅读理解（每题2分，共20分）Passage 1In recent years, there has been a significant increase in the number of people choosing to work remotely. This trend has been driven by advancements in technology, which have made it easier for employees to connect with their colleagues and access company resources from anywhere. As a result, many companies have adopted flexible work policies, allowing employees to work from home or other locations outside the traditional office setting.11. What is the main reason for the increase in remote work?A. The need for more office spaceB. Technological advancementsC. The desire for a better work-life balanceD. The high cost of office rentals答案：B12. What is one benefit of remote work mentioned in the passage?A. Reduced commuting timeB. Increased job opportunitiesC. Improved office productivityD. Lower energy consumption答案：APassage 2The concept of a circular economy has gained traction in recent years as a way to address environmental concerns. In a circular economy, resources are kept in use for as long as possible, and waste is minimized by designing out waste and making sure that products can be reused, repaired, or recycled. This approach contrasts with the traditional linear economy, where resources are used once and then discarded.13. What is the primary goal of a circular economy?A. To increase consumer spendingB. To reduce waste and extend resource useC. To encourage the production of new productsD. To promote the use of renewable resources答案：B14. How does a circular economy differ from a linear economy?A. It focuses on resource conservationB. It emphasizes product innovationC. It relies on non-renewable resourcesD. It prioritizes economic growth over the environment答案：A三、翻译（英译汉，每题15分，共30分）15. The integration of artificial intelligence into various industries has the potential to revolutionize the way we work and live, offering new opportunities for innovation and efficiency.答案：人工智能在各个行业的融合有潜力彻底改变我们的工作和生活方式，为创新和效率提供新的机会。

2010下半年英语二级《笔译综合》样卷及答案

全国翻译专业资格（水平）考试英语二级《笔译综合》试卷Section 1: Vocabulary and Grammar (60 points) This section consists of 3 parts. Read the directions for each part before answering the questions.Part 1 Vocabulary Selection In this part, there are 20 incomplete sentences. Below each sentence, there are 4 choices marked by letters A, B, C and D respectively. Choose the word or phrase which best completes each sentence. There is only ONE right answer. Blacken the corresponding letter as required on your Machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.1. All the students of this university have free _____ to the Internet via a broadband connection. A.acess B.entrance C.permission D.passageway 2. It is rumored that Mr. Smith, the grandson of the founder of the university and a professor of philosophy, will be _____ as president in March. A.indulged B.inaugurated C.induced D.integrated 3. When I visited the area after the hurricane, I became _____ by what I saw and heard there. A.stressed pressed C.impressed D.distressed 4. When the actor appeared on the stage again, shouts and cheers broke _____ from the crowd and continued for about five minutes. A.in B.off C.forth D.up 5. The _____ value of a coin, i.e. the value of the metal in it, is usually less than the value of what it will buy. A.external B.interior C.intrinsic D.extrinsic 6. Hotels and restaurants are an _____ part of the city, without which the tourist industry could not exist. A.additional B.inseparable C.accommodated D.integral 7. We can find a full _____ of his political belief in his newly-published books. position B.exposition C.deposition D.disposition 8. I don't think you can persuade him ; he always _____ to his own principles. A.adapts B.devotes C.adheres D.dedicates 9. In the advanced course of our training, students must take objective tests at monthly _____. A.distance B.length C.gaps D.intervals 10. 10. Going around at the top of the mountain, we watched the fog _____ from the valley below; it Going around at the top of the mountain, we watched the fog _____ from the valley below; it seemed that we had entered a fairyland. A.descend B.decrease C.arise D.ascend 11. 11. Richard has an _____ manner, although he comes from a middle-class family background and Richard has an _____ manner, although he comes from a middle-class family background and has received his education at Cambridge. A.abrupt B.absurd C.active D.agreeable 12. 12. The history teacher told us the ring was a piece of _____ treasure because it had been handed The history teacher told us the ring was a piece of _____ treasure because it had been handed down from an ancient king. A.invaluable B.valued C.previous D.precise 13. 13. In the last few years, the _____ of regular folks going under the cosmetic knife skyrocketed. In the last few years, the _____ of regular folks going under the cosmetic knife skyrocketed. A.amount B.figures C.group D.number 14. 14. He was too busy to do any exercise at all until he turned 58. And he is much better _____ He was too busy to do any exercise at all until he turned 58. And he is much better _____ now than ever before. A.form B.condition C.look D.shape 15. 15. All All All of of of us us us in in in research research research have have have focused focused focused on on on a a a drug drug drug that that that is is is so so so _____ _____ _____ that that that it it it can can can change change change brain brain chemistry. A.monstrous B.powerful C.vigorous D.heavy 16. 16. He was only a _____ ruler of the country, the real one was his mother, who actually handled He was only a _____ ruler of the country, the real one was his mother, who actually handled state affairs and possessed the power of making decisions. A.oblivious B.notable C.obscure D.nominal 17. 17. _____ that she is interested in children, I am sure that teaching is the right profession for her. _____ that she is interested in children, I am sure that teaching is the right profession for her. A.However B.Provided C.Given D.Unless 18. 18. She had _____ opportunity to exercise leadership, which she has dreamed of since she was She had _____ opportunity to exercise leadership, which she has dreamed of since she was young. A. utter B.utmost C.ambitious D.ample 19. 19. 19. They They They intend intend intend to to to remove remove remove the the the _____ _____ _____ rules rules rules and and and regulations regulations regulations that that that are are are discouraging discouraging discouraging foreign foreign investment in their country. A.henpecked B.garnished C.unmitigated D.onerous 20. 20. The Central Bank is interested in how much money is in _____ in the economy. The Central Bank is interested in how much money is in _____ in the economy. A.circulation B.circle C.reserve D.rotation Part 2 Vocabulary Replacement This part consists of 20 sentences. In each of them one word or phrase is underlined, and below each, there are 4 choices marked by letters A, B, C and D respectively. Choose the word or phrase that can replace the underlined part without causing any grammatical error or changing the basic meaning of the sentence. There is only ONE right answer. Blacken the corresponding letter as required on your Machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET. 21. 21. Tom Tom Tom felt felt felt sure sure sure he he he would would would get get get the the the post, post, post, but but but he he he was was was never never never even even even considered considered considered for for for it. it. it. That That That was was was a a smack in the eye for him. A.nothing serious B.nothing important C.a humiliating rebuff D.an expected disappointment 22. 22. Our neighbors are so reserved and unfriendly that they never speak to us. Our neighbors are so reserved and unfriendly that they never speak to us. A.aloof B.relieved C.airy D.resistant 23. 23. Security Security Security men men men believe believe believe the the the tit-for-tat tit-for-tat tit-for-tat murders murders murders were were were the the the result result result of of of the the the bombing bombing bombing which which which had had occurred in the city center. A.furious B.retaliatory C.malevolent D.chain 24. 24. The conclusion reached at the workshop was that the manufacturing process was obsolete. The conclusion reached at the workshop was that the manufacturing process was obsolete. A.dilapidated B.extant C.archaic D.outdated 25. 25. Some people wish to amend the law so that children must stay at school until they are 16. Some people wish to amend the law so that children must stay at school until they are 16. A.gratify B.pacify C.rectify D.verify 26. 26. Prof. Clark disregarded the warning from his colleagues and continued his research work. Prof. Clark disregarded the warning from his colleagues and continued his research work. A.ignored B.deplored C.explored C.implored 27. 27. Some Some Some observers observers observers say say say the the the recent recent recent coup coup coup of of of a a a military military military government government government in in in that that that country country country will will will lead lead lead to to anarchy. A.monarch B.maniac C.disorder D.discipline 28. 28. As As As a a a conductor, conductor, conductor, Leonard Leonard Leonard Bernstein Bernstein Bernstein was was was famous famous famous for for for his his his intensely intensely intensely vigorous vigorous vigorous and and and exuberant exuberant style. A.enticing B.enthusiastic C.extravert D.exultant 29. 29. His peers admonished him that he had to increase his study time as the final examination was His peers admonished him that he had to increase his study time as the final examination was around the corner. A.astonished B.warned C.threatened D.alarmed 30. 30. Isolated cases of disaffection Isolated cases of disaffection – or harbingers of a mass cross-border movement that threatens Europe’s economic stability? The question is pressing. A.sing B.forerunner C.messenger D.vanguard 31. 31. Justices of the Peace have jurisdiction over the trials of some civil suits and of criminal cases Justices of the Peace have jurisdiction over the trials of some civil suits and of criminal cases involving minor offenses. A.supremacy B.authority C.guidance D.administration 32. 32. What these young men and women need to do now is to develop a mentality to reconcile their What these young men and women need to do now is to develop a mentality to reconcile their ideals with reality. A.interact B.interface C.harmonize D.pair 33. 33. 33. The search for eternal youth is no less fervent now than it was 2,000 years ago. People are The search for eternal youth is no less fervent now than it was 2,000 years ago. People are trying practically anything. A.prolonged B.external C.protracted D.excessive 34. 34. SD Memory Cards are versatile high-capacity storage cards that are extremely small - about SD Memory Cards are versatile high-capacity storage cards that are extremely small - about the size of a postage stamp. A.adaptable B.adoptable C.variable D.veritable 35. 35. This book comes as a revelation to one who was nourished in his youth on the englightened This book comes as a revelation to one who was nourished in his youth on the englightened English socialitst tradition represented by George Bernard Shaw. A.replacement B.discovery C.representation D.resolution 36. 36. Johnson was so absorbed in his novel that he forgot about his dinner cooking in the oven. Johnson was so absorbed in his novel that he forgot about his dinner cooking in the oven. A.obtained B.enlivened C.obliged D.engrossed 37. 37. The man we met this morning grows many kinds of plants in his garden, most of which are The man we met this morning grows many kinds of plants in his garden, most of which are flowers including succulent and cacti. A.rises B.raises C.plants D.plows 38. 38. The The The scientist scientist scientist contested contested contested the the the assumption assumption assumption of of of previous previous previous scientists scientists scientists that that that the the the fate fate fate of of of human human human beings beings could not be predicated. A.suspended B.rejected C.suspected D.repulsed 39. 39. In In In the the the last last last 10 10 10 years years years we we we have have have all all all witnessed witnessed witnessed an an an impressive impressive impressive growth growth growth in in in our our our knowledge knowledge knowledge about about environment. A.impreative B.observable C.important D.obvious 40. 40. In their culture and in their eyes success all too often means imply outdoing other people by In their culture and in their eyes success all too often means imply outdoing other people by virtue of achievement judged by some single scale – income or honors. A.outfitting B.outbidding C.outraging D.outshining Part 3 Error Correction This part consists of 20 sentences. In each of them there is an underlined part that indicates a grammatical error, and below each, there are 4 choices marked by letters A, B, C and D respectively. Choose the word or phrase that can replace the underlined part so that the error is corrected. There is only ONE right answer. Blacken the corresponding letter as required on your Machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET. 41. 41. The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see be carrying out next year. The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see be carrying out next year. A.carry out B.carrying out C.carried out D.to carry out 42. 42. The The examiner failed some candidates, and 15 of them being students without work experience. A. 15 being B.among 15 were C.15 of them were D.15 of whom were 43. 43. Despite of their opposition, he went his own way and started his preparations. Despite of their opposition, he went his own way and started his preparations. A.Despiting of B.Despited of C.Despite D.Despited 44. 44. Network Network Network television, television, television, magazine, magazine, magazine, and and and direct direct direct mail mail mail –– that that will will will be be be the the the big big big gainers gainers gainers in in in advertising advertising revenues next year. A.which B.these C.they D.all 45. 45. 45. I hear that he knows four languages, such as Chinese, French, German and Japanese. I hear that he knows four languages, such as Chinese, French, German and Japanese. A.for example, ly, C.like D.as 46. 46. The The The more more more people people people you you you know, know, know, the the the less less less you you you have have have time time time to to to see see see them them them but but but you you you can can can always always always reach reach them on the Internet. A. A. less you have the time less you have the time B. the less time you have C. C. the less time do you have the less time do you have D. D. less the time you have less the time you have 47. 47. Having heard the weather forecast, the boat was stopped in the harbour. Having heard the weather forecast, the boat was stopped in the harbour. A. A. the boat did not sail out of the boat did not sail out of B. they did not sail out of C. C. the boat remained in the boat remained in D. they were stopped in 48. 48. Once they had fame, fortune, secure futures; now all that left is utter poverty. Once they had fame, fortune, secure futures; now all that left is utter poverty. A.that all is left B.all that is left C.all what is left D.all which is left 49. 49. Mary must have received my mail; otherwise she could have replied before now. Mary must have received my mail; otherwise she could have replied before now. A.Mary should B.Mary ought to C.Mary shouldn’t D.Mary couldn’t 50. 50. We will ship the goods on Monday according to your order less we hear from you by Friday. We will ship the goods on Monday according to your order less we hear from you by Friday. A.nevertheless B.unless C.lest D.until 51. 51. When this agreement if signed, a circular will be prepared for given to our customers. When this agreement if signed, a circular will be prepared for given to our customers. A.given out B.given off C.dispatches D.distribution 52. 52. It is now clear that no such creatures as vampires have been seen and none been found in the It is now clear that no such creatures as vampires have been seen and none been found in the world. A. was found B.are found C.have been found D.have been found out 53. 53. My My company is Excellent Kitchenware Company, there nearby is a big market for kitchenware in our city. A.there near B.and there near C.there nearly D.and nearby there 54. 54. The government has hardly taken The government has hardly taken measures to crack down on there crimes when new ones occurred. A. A. Hardly had the government taken Hardly had the government taken B. B. The government took hardly The government took hardly C. C. Hardly the government had taken Hardly the government had taken D. D. The government is hardly taking The government is hardly taking 55. 55. The general manager demanded that the job will be completed before the summer holidays. The general manager demanded that the job will be completed before the summer holidays. A.would be B.must be C.be D.had to be 56. 56. Our Our Our company company company will will will provide provide provide you you you with with with free free free transportation transportation transportation as as as you you you requested requested requested and and and charge charge charge the the installation. A.installation with charge B.in the installation C.freely installation D.installation in charge 57. 57. Doctors warned sun-starved tourists who received too much sunlight that they were at serious Doctors warned sun-starved tourists who received too much sunlight that they were at serious risk than others of contracting skin cancer. A.with more serious B.at seriously C.at more serious D.seriously with 58. 58. We have sent an order slip to all that we have reason to believe are interested in our books. We have sent an order slip to all that we have reason to believe are interested in our books. A. A. who are believed by us who are believed by us B. B. with who we have reason to believe with who we have reason to believe C. C. who we have reason to believe who we have reason to believe D. D. with whom we believe with whom we believe 59. 59. As As As an an an English English English major major major student student student at at at one one one of of of the the the most most most famous famous famous universities universities universities in in in China, China, China, I I I strongly strongly believe that business English is more practical than other fields. A.a student in English B.a major English student C.an English major D.an English student major 60. 60. The engineers are going through with their highway project, in spite that the expenses have The engineers are going through with their highway project, in spite that the expenses have risen. A.just because B.even though C.as though D.now that Section 2: Reading Comprehension (30 points) In this section you will find after each of the passage a number of questions or unfinished statements about the passage, each with 4 (A, B, C and D) choices to answer the question or complete the statement. You must choose the one which you think fits best. Blacken the corresponding letter as required on your Machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET. Question 61-70 are based on the following passage. Next Next door door door to to to a a a lunch lunch lunch counter counter counter advertising advertising advertising a a a grilled grilled grilled cheese cheese cheese special special special is is is a a a gallery gallery gallery where where where V V an Gogh’s ―Irisesǁ shares the walls with Monet landscapes and works from the Italian Renaissance. They are all fakes. They are all for sale. ―A forger? Yes. We’re expert forgers you could say. But we make no attempt to deceive. We don’t pretend to sell original works. We have all the thrill of being a forger, but no risk.ǁ With With prices prices prices for for for original original original art art art rising rising rising into into into the the the tens tens tens of of of millions, millions, millions, some some some art art art lovers lovers lovers are are are turning turning turning to to high-quality copies done by expert artists. In addition, some museums confronting skyrocketing insurance premiums are considering stashing the authentic pieces and displaying a reproduction. No No major major major U.S. U.S. U.S. art art art museum museum museum is is is known known known to to to be be be displaying displaying displaying reproductions reproductions reproductions in in in place place place of of of originals. originals. Such Such a a a practice practice practice would would would raise raise raise questions questions questions about about about why why why people people people visit visit visit museums museums museums in in in the the the first first first place. place. place. But But museum security has become a growing concern. Bids for paintings have climbed at auction houses. But prices for fakes run only from about $1,000 to $10,000 for paintings, depending on the size and complexity of the original. In Europe where copying masterpieces is centuries-old craft, painters often use pigments and brushes typical of the period of the original. The painting is placed in a frame closely resembling its era. Sometimes the gallery purchases 17th century furniture to use the wood for frames. The final step is the antiquing proce ss using chemicals and heat and humidity. ―We can make special types of cracks from little spider-web types to long splits.ǁ 61. 61. This passage is most probably taken out of a/an _____. This passage is most probably taken out of a/an _____. A. A. court confession by a person suspected of making fakes court confession by a person suspected of making fakes B. B. commercial advertisement for a new profession in arts commercial advertisement for a new profession in arts C. C. feature story in a newspaper, magazine, or a web page feature story in a newspaper, magazine, or a web page D. D. industrial profile for a museum promoting a new show industrial profile for a museum promoting a new show 62. 62. The word ―Monetǁ underlined in Paragraph 1 refers to a _____.The word ―Monetǁ underlined in Paragraph 1 refers to a _____. A. master artist B. master forger C. famous dealer D. rich collector 63. 63. Both quotes in the passage are probably from a person who is a/an _____. Both quotes in the passage are probably from a person who is a/an _____. A. master artist B. art piece forger C. museum director D. artworks thief 64. 64. The third sentence in the last paragraph implies that the gallery _____. The third sentence in the last paragraph implies that the gallery _____. A. A. carries 17th-century furniture as sideline exhibits carries 17th-century furniture as sideline exhibits B. B. is part of the process in making fake paintings is part of the process in making fake paintings C. C. provides the space only for forgers to produce fakes provides the space only for forgers to produce fakes D. D. manufactures wooden frames for paintings as a sideline manufactures wooden frames for paintings as a sideline 65. 65. Obviously, Obviously, Obviously, the the the phrase phrase phrase ―expert ―expert artistsǁ artistsǁ underlined underlined underlined in in in Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph 3 3 3 refers refers refers to to to people people people who who who are are _____. A. A. experts in evaluating art works experts in evaluating art works B. B. painters decorating the museums painters decorating the museums C. C. makers of faked famous paintings makers of faked famous paintings D. D. experts who can identify forgeries experts who can identify forgeries 66. 66. ―Such a practiceǁ underlined in Paragraph 4 refers to the display of _____.―Such a practiceǁ underlined in Paragraph 4 refers to the display of _____. A. A. forged works in place of genuine artwork forged works in place of genuine artwork B. B. original productions in place of their copies original productions in place of their copies C. C. both fake productions and original paintings both fake productions and original paintings D. D. real reproductions and original masterpieces real reproductions and original masterpieces 67. 67. According to the passage, the word ―stashingǁ underlined in Paragraph 3 is synonymous with According to the passage, the word ―stashingǁ underlined in Paragraph 3 is synonymous with _____. A. slashing B. smashing C. stacking D. storing 68. 68. As repeatedly stated in the passage _____ was certainly the major reason why forgeries are As repeatedly stated in the passage _____ was certainly the major reason why forgeries are sold. A. insurance B. security C. quality D. price 69. 69. The word ―copiesǁ underlined in Paragraph 3 does NOT refer to _____.The word ―copiesǁ underlined in Paragraph 3 does NOT refer to _____. A. fakes B. forges C. reproductions D. non-authentic works 70. 70. According to this passage, which of the following statements is true? According to this passage, which of the following statements is true? A. A. The works on display are meant to sell as originals. The works on display are meant to sell as originals. B. B. The works meant to sell as originals are on display. The works meant to sell as originals are on display. C. C. Here you may purchase a masterpiece for $1,000. Here you may purchase a masterpiece for $1,000. D. D. Here one may buy fast food any time and eat it here. Here one may buy fast food any time and eat it here. Questions 71-80 are based on the following passage. No No revolutions revolutions revolutions in in in technology technology technology have have have as as as visibly visibly visibly marked marked marked the the the human human human condition condition condition as as as those those those in in transport. Moving goods and people, they have opened continents, transformed living standards, spread spread diseases, diseases, diseases, fashions fashions fashions and and and folk folk folk around around around the the the world. world. world. Y et Y et technologies technologies technologies to to to transport transport transport ideas ideas ideas and and information across long distances have arguably achieved even more: they have spread knowledge, the basis of economic growth. The most basic of all these, the written word, was already ancient by 1000. By then China had, in basic form, the printing press, using carved woodblocks. But the key to its future, movable metal type, was four centuries away. The Chinese were hampered by their thousands of ideograms. Even Even so, so, so, they they they quite quite quite soon soon soon invented invented invented the the the primitive primitive primitive movable movable movable type, type, type, made made made of of of clay, clay, clay, and and and by by by the the the 13th 13th century they had the movable wooden type. But the real secret was the use of an easily cast metal. When When it it it came, came, came, Europe Europe Europe –– aided aided by by by simple simple simple Western Western Western alphabets alphabets alphabets –– leapt leapt forward forward forward with with with it. it. it. One One reason reason why why why Asia’s Asia’s Asia’s civilizations, civilizations, civilizations, in in in 1000 1000 1000 far far far ahead ahead ahead of of of Europe’s, Europe’s, Europe’s, then then then fell fell fell behind behind behind was was was that that that they they lacked the technology to reproduce and diffuse ideas. On Johannes Gutenberg’s invention in the 1440s were built not jus t the Reformation and the Enlightenment, but Europe’s agricultural and industrial revolutions too. et Y et information information information technology technology technology on on on its its its own own own would would would not not not have have have got got got far. far. far. Literally: Literally: Literally: better better better transport transport technology too was needed. That was not lacking, but there the big change came much later: it was railways and steamships that first allowed the speedy, widespread dissemination of news and ideas ideas over over over long long long distances. distances. distances. And And And both both both technologies technologies technologies in in in turn turn turn required required required people people people and and and organizations organizations organizations to to develop develop their their their use. use. use. They They They got got got them: them: them: for for for individual individual individual communication. communication. communication. The The The postal postal postal service: service: service: for for for wider wider publics, the publishing industry. Throughout Throughout the the the 19th 19th century, the the postal postal postal service service service formed formed formed the the the bedrock bedrock bedrock of of of national national national and and international international communications. communications. communications. Crucial Crucial Crucial to to to its its its growth growth growth had had had been been been the the the introduction introduction introduction of of of the the the stamp, stamp, combined with a low price, and payment by the sender. Britain put all three of these ideas into effect in 1840. By By then, then, then, the the the world’s world’s world’s mail mail mail was was was taking taking taking off. off. off. It It It changed changed changed the the the world. world. world. Merchants Merchants Merchants in in in America’s America’s eastern eastern cities cities cities used used used it it it to to to gather gather gather information, information, information, enraging enraging enraging far-off far-off far-off cotton cotton cotton growers growers growers and and and farmers, farmers, farmers, who who found that the New Yorkers knew more about crop prices than they did. In the American debate about about slavery, slavery, it it offered offered abolitionists abolitionists a a a low-cost low-cost low-cost way way way to to to spread spread spread their their their views, views, views, just just just as as as later later technologies have cut the cost and widened the scope of political lobbying. The post helped too to integrate the American nation, tying new newly opened west to the settled east. Everywhere, its development drove and was driven by those of transport. In Britain, travelers rode by mail coach to posting inns. In America, the post subsidized road-building. Indeed, argues Dan Schiller, a professor of communications at the University of California, it was the connection between the post, transport and national integration that ensured that the mail remained a public enterprise even in the United States, its first and only government-run communications medium, and until at least the 1870s, the biggest organization in the land. The change has not only been one of speed and distance, though, but of audience. About 200 years ago, a man’s words could reach no further than his voice, not just in range but in whom they reached. But, for some purposes, efficient communication is mass communication, regular, cheap, quick and reliable. When it became possible, it transformed the world. 71. 71. According to the passage, which of the following statements is true? According to the passage, which of the following statements is true? A. A. Transporting Transporting Transporting goods goods goods and and and people people people is is is the the the most most most important important important technology technology technology in in in the the the history history history of of mankind. B. B. Technology in transporting goods and people has changed human conditions more than Technology in transporting goods and people has changed human conditions more than anything else. C. C. Technology Technology in spreading information has changed human conditions more than transportation technology. D. D. Technology in spreading information can’t change the economic development of society.Technology in spreading information can’t change the economic development of society. 72. 72. Accord Accord According ing ing to to to the the the passage, passage, passage, Asian Asian Asian civilizations, civilizations, civilizations, which which which were were were ahead ahead ahead of of of Europe’s, Europe’s, Europe’s, fell fell fell behind behind because _____. A. A. Asian languages were more difficult to learn. Asian languages were more difficult to learn. B. B. European languages had simple alphabets European languages had simple alphabets C. C. they didn’t have the technology to spread ideas they didn’t have the technology to spread ideas D. D. people’s com people’s com munication skills were not good enough 。

英语翻译二级笔译综合能力模拟试题及答案解析(4)

英语翻译二级笔译综合能力模拟试题及答案解析（4） Vocabulary ReplacementThis part consists of 15 sentences in which one word or phrase is underlined. Below each sentence, there are 4 choices respectively marked by letters A, B, C and D. Choose the word or phrase that can replace the underlined part without causing any grammatical error or changing the basic meaning of the sentence. There is only ONE right answer. Blacken the corresponding letter as required on your Machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.第34题When insects feed on decaying plant material in a compost pile, they help turn it into useful garden soil.A.availableanicC.distasteful。

英语翻译二级笔译综合能力模拟试题及答案解析(2)

英语翻译二级笔译综合能力模拟试题及答案解析（2）(1/20)Vocabulary SelectionIn this part, there are 20 incomplete sentences. Below each sentence, there are 4 choices respectively marked by letters A, B, C and D. Choose the word or phrase which best completes each sentence. There is only ONE right answer. Blacken the corresponding letter as required on your Machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.第1题Where any people have made a temporary approach to such a character, it has been because the dread of heterodox ______ was for a time suspended.A.speculationB.spectrumC.petrologyD.speculum下一题(2/20)Vocabulary SelectionIn this part, there are 20 incomplete sentences. Below each sentence, there are 4 choices respectively marked by letters A, B, C and D. Choose the word or phrase which best completes each sentence. There is only ONE right answer. Blacken the corresponding letter as required on your Machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.第2题The self-important cant of musicologist on record jackets often suggests that true appreciation of the music is an ______ process closed to the uninitiated listener, however enthusiastic.A.unreliableB.arcaneC.elementaryD.intuitive上一题下一题(3/20)Vocabulary SelectionIn this part, there are 20 incomplete sentences. Below each sentence, there are 4 choices respectively marked by letters A, B, C and D. Choose the word or phrase which best completes each sentence. There is only ONE right answer. Blacken the corresponding letter as required on your Machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.第3题You might include a couple of heady growth stocks ______ with your more pedestrian investments.A.apartB.besideC.as well asD.side by side上一题下一题(4/20)Vocabulary SelectionIn this part, there are 20 incomplete sentences. Below each sentence, there are 4 choices respectively marked by letters A, B, C and D. Choose the word or phrase which best completes each sentence. There is only ONE right answer. Blacken the corresponding letter as required onyour Machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.第4题When the plane was flying up to the normal height, ______ and immediately the pilot had to fly it back to the airport.A.somewhere was on the blinksB.somewhere had a strange noiseC.something became abnormalD.something was on edge上一题下一题(5/20)Vocabulary SelectionIn this part, there are 20 incomplete sentences. Below each sentence, there are 4 choices respectively marked by letters A, B, C and D. Choose the word or phrase which best completes each sentence. There is only ONE right answer. Blacken the corresponding letter as required on your Machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.第5题When it comes to Chinese, Jane already knew some of the characters, but John had to start from ______.A.screwB.scrapC.scratchD.scrape上一题下一题(6/20)Vocabulary SelectionIn this part, there are 20 incomplete sentences. Below each sentence, there are 4 choices respectively marked by letters A, B, C and D. Choose the word or phrase which best completes each sentence. There is only ONE right answer. Blacken the corresponding letter as required on your Machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.第6题The human intelligence that created industrial civilization now has the assignment of making the civilization ______ man's basic needs.patible withB.reducible toC.assignable toD.warrantable for上一题下一题(7/20)Vocabulary SelectionIn this part, there are 20 incomplete sentences. Below each sentence, there are 4 choices respectively marked by letters A, B, C and D. Choose the word or phrase which best completes each sentence. There is only ONE right answer. Blacken the corresponding letter as required on your Machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.第7题Most people frown on sufferings, though a ______ enjoys suffering.A.masochistB.philatelistC.misanthropistD.agnostics上一题下一题(8/20)Vocabulary SelectionIn this part, there are 20 incomplete sentences. Below each sentence, there are 4 choices respectively marked by letters A, B, C and D. Choose the word or phrase which best completes each sentence. There is only ONE right answer. Blacken the corresponding letter as required on your Machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.第8题With most online recruitment services, job seekers must choose their words carefully; ______ the search engine will never make the correct match.A.thereforeB.otherwiseC.providedD.however上一题下一题(9/20)Vocabulary SelectionIn this part, there are 20 incomplete sentences. Below each sentence, there are 4 choices respectively marked by letters A, B, C and D. Choose the word or phrase which best completes each sentence. There is only ONE right answer. Blacken the corresponding letter as required on your Machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.第9题Fashion is partly a search for new language to discredit the old, a way in which each generation can ______ its immediate predecessor and distinguish itself.A.honorB.condoneC.emulateD.repudiate上一题下一题(10/20)Vocabulary SelectionIn this part, there are 20 incomplete sentences. Below each sentence, there are 4 choices respectively marked by letters A, B, C and D. Choose the word or phrase which best completes each sentence. There is only ONE right answer. Blacken the corresponding letter as required on your Machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.第10题The children made so much ______ that Mrs. Green had to spend three days cleaning up afterwards.A.messB.troubleC.damageD.nuisance上一题下一题(11/20)Vocabulary SelectionIn this part, there are 20 incomplete sentences. Below each sentence, there are 4 choicesrespectively marked by letters A, B, C and D. Choose the word or phrase which best completes each sentence. There is only ONE right answer. Blacken the corresponding letter as required on your Machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.第11题We listened dumb-struck, full of ______, to the shocking details of the corruption of the president of the company.A.incredulityB.ingenuityC.ingenuousnessD.incredibility上一题下一题(12/20)Vocabulary SelectionIn this part, there are 20 incomplete sentences. Below each sentence, there are 4 choices respectively marked by letters A, B, C and D. Choose the word or phrase which best completes each sentence. There is only ONE right answer. Blacken the corresponding letter as required on your Machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.第12题The British Constitution is ______ a large extent a product of the historical events described above.A.inB.byC.atD.to上一题下一题(13/20)Vocabulary SelectionIn this part, there are 20 incomplete sentences. Below each sentence, there are 4 choices respectively marked by letters A, B, C and D. Choose the word or phrase which best completes each sentence. There is only ONE right answer. Blacken the corresponding letter as required on your Machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.第13题His ideas about the current situation were so ______ that I had to agree with him.A.cavernousB.chronicC.choralD.cogent上一题下一题(14/20)Vocabulary SelectionIn this part, there are 20 incomplete sentences. Below each sentence, there are 4 choices respectively marked by letters A, B, C and D. Choose the word or phrase which best completes each sentence. There is only ONE right answer. Blacken the corresponding letter as required on your Machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.第14题It is understandable that though adolescent maturational and developmental states occur in an orderly sequence, their timing ______ with regard to onset and duration.A.faltersB.variesC.acceleratesD.dwindles上一题下一题(15/20)Vocabulary SelectionIn this part, there are 20 incomplete sentences. Below each sentence, there are 4 choices respectively marked by letters A, B, C and D. Choose the word or phrase which best completes each sentence. There is only ONE right answer. Blacken the corresponding letter as required on your Machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.第15题Only hotel guests have the______of using the private beach.A.occasionB.possibilityC.privilegeD.allowance上一题下一题(16/20)Vocabulary SelectionIn this part, there are 20 incomplete sentences. Below each sentence, there are 4 choices respectively marked by letters A, B, C and D. Choose the word or phrase which best completes each sentence. There is only ONE right answer. Blacken the corresponding letter as required on your Machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.第16题It is understandable that though adolescent maturational and developmental states occur in an orderly sequence, their timing ______ with regard to onset and duration.A.faltersB.variesC.acceleratesD.dwindles上一题下一题(17/20)Vocabulary SelectionIn this part, there are 20 incomplete sentences. Below each sentence, there are 4 choices respectively marked by letters A, B, C and D. Choose the word or phrase which best completes each sentence. There is only ONE right answer. Blacken the corresponding letter as required on your Machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.第17题The technician is ______ to almost all the tasks, who may even falls asleep on the job.A.reluctantB.decreantC.recuperativeD.recusant上一题下一题(18/20)Vocabulary SelectionIn this part, there are 20 incomplete sentences. Below each sentence, there are 4 choicesrespectively marked by letters A, B, C and D. Choose the word or phrase which best completes each sentence. There is only ONE right answer. Blacken the corresponding letter as required on your Machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.第18题Most of the participants believe it truly more democratic to hold a ______ rather than let the government alone makes decisions on all the important issues.A.referendumB.refectoryC.reiterationD.recalcitrance上一题下一题(19/20)Vocabulary SelectionIn this part, there are 20 incomplete sentences. Below each sentence, there are 4 choices respectively marked by letters A, B, C and D. Choose the word or phrase which best completes each sentence. There is only ONE right answer. Blacken the corresponding letter as required on your Machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.第19题The Earth ______ three principal layers: the dense, iron-rich core, the mantle made of silicate rocks, and the thin, solid-surface crust.prisesposesC.consistsD.concedes上一题下一题(20/20)Vocabulary SelectionIn this part, there are 20 incomplete sentences. Below each sentence, there are 4 choices respectively marked by letters A, B, C and D. Choose the word or phrase which best completes each sentence. There is only ONE right answer. Blacken the corresponding letter as required on your Machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.第20题Due to the fact that universities can not enroll all the candidates, ______ to university is competitive.A.admissionB.affidavitC.admirationD.allegiance上一题下一题(1/15)Vocabulary ReplacementThis part consists of 15 sentences in which one word or phrase is underlined. Below each sentence, there are 4 choices respectively marked by letters A, B, C and D. Choose the word or phrase that can replace the underlined part without causing any grammatical error or changing the basic meaning of the sentence. There is only ONE right answer. Blacken the corresponding letter as required on your Machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.第21题Once the lapwing's nest is threatened, the bird hobbles and pretends to be injured in order to lure its enemies away from the nest.A.escapesB.collapsesC.screamsD.limps上一题下一题(2/15)Vocabulary ReplacementThis part consists of 15 sentences in which one word or phrase is underlined. Below each sentence, there are 4 choices respectively marked by letters A, B, C and D. Choose the word or phrase that can replace the underlined part without causing any grammatical error or changing the basic meaning of the sentence. There is only ONE right answer. Blacken the corresponding letter as required on your Machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.第22题During the middle ages, science was considered to be based on the occult.A.fundamentalB.supernaturalC.anthropologicalD.theoretical上一题下一题(3/15)Vocabulary ReplacementThis part consists of 15 sentences in which one word or phrase is underlined. Below each sentence, there are 4 choices respectively marked by letters A, B, C and D. Choose the word or phrase that can replace the underlined part without causing any grammatical error or changing the basic meaning of the sentence. There is only ONE right answer. Blacken the corresponding letter as required on your Machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.第23题There was no enmity between us, so we were able to reach an agreement on the sale of the property.A.animosityB.indemnityC.perfidyD.obloquy上一题下一题(4/15)Vocabulary ReplacementThis part consists of 15 sentences in which one word or phrase is underlined. Below each sentence, there are 4 choices respectively marked by letters A, B, C and D. Choose the word or phrase that can replace the underlined part without causing any grammatical error or changing the basic meaning of the sentence. There is only ONE right answer. Blacken the corresponding letter as required on your Machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.第24题Most readers are drawn to the facetious stories of his recent novel.A.factualB.humourousC.sarcasticD.ridiculous上一题下一题(5/15)Vocabulary ReplacementThis part consists of 15 sentences in which one word or phrase is underlined. Below each sentence, there are 4 choices respectively marked by letters A, B, C and D. Choose the word or phrase that can replace the underlined part without causing any grammatical error or changing the basic meaning of the sentence. There is only ONE right answer. Blacken the corresponding letter as required on your Machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.第25题By providing legal representation the American Civil Liberties Union works to defend citizens against breaches of their civil rights.A.exercisesB.perusalsC.violationsD.branches上一题下一题(6/15)Vocabulary ReplacementThis part consists of 15 sentences in which one word or phrase is underlined. Below each sentence, there are 4 choices respectively marked by letters A, B, C and D. Choose the word or phrase that can replace the underlined part without causing any grammatical error or changing the basic meaning of the sentence. There is only ONE right answer. Blacken the corresponding letter as required on your Machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.第26题In Germany, the baroque style of art thrived in the 17th and 18th centuries.A.flourishedB.flouredC.flauntedD.fluctuated上一题下一题(7/15)Vocabulary ReplacementThis part consists of 15 sentences in which one word or phrase is underlined. Below each sentence, there are 4 choices respectively marked by letters A, B, C and D. Choose the word or phrase that can replace the underlined part without causing any grammatical error or changing the basic meaning of the sentence. There is only ONE right answer. Blacken the corresponding letter as required on your Machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.第27题Most of that professor's writings are either for the bird or a hodgepodge of thoughts and ideas coppied from other authors.A.pasticheB.paternalismC.paucityD.pathology上一题下一题(8/15)Vocabulary ReplacementThis part consists of 15 sentences in which one word or phrase is underlined. Below each sentence, there are 4 choices respectively marked by letters A, B, C and D. Choose the word or phrase that can replace the underlined part without causing any grammatical error or changing the basic meaning of the sentence. There is only ONE right answer. Blacken the corresponding letter as required on your Machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.第28题Because of the limited time, he swallowed the food and hurried to the work place.A.fastenedB.engulfedC.hurriedD.quickened上一题下一题(9/15)Vocabulary ReplacementThis part consists of 15 sentences in which one word or phrase is underlined. Below each sentence, there are 4 choices respectively marked by letters A, B, C and D. Choose the word or phrase that can replace the underlined part without causing any grammatical error or changing the basic meaning of the sentence. There is only ONE right answer. Blacken the corresponding letter as required on your Machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.第29题His complaint about our management was not without reasons.A.could be rectifiedB.could be justifiedC.was modifiedD.could be enforced上一题下一题(10/15)Vocabulary ReplacementThis part consists of 15 sentences in which one word or phrase is underlined. Below each sentence, there are 4 choices respectively marked by letters A, B, C and D. Choose the word or phrase that can replace the underlined part without causing any grammatical error or changing the basic meaning of the sentence. There is only ONE right answer. Blacken the corresponding letter as required on your Machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.第30题That university has produced a large number of social celebrities, including four Presidents and three Speakers.A.sproutedB.spawnedC.stashedD.spouted上一题下一题(11/15)Vocabulary ReplacementThis part consists of 15 sentences in which one word or phrase is underlined. Below each sentence, there are 4 choices respectively marked by letters A, B, C and D. Choose the word or phrase that can replace the underlined part without causing any grammatical error or changingthe basic meaning of the sentence. There is only ONE right answer. Blacken the corresponding letter as required on your Machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.第31题In San Francisco, California, only 2,000 units were built. San Francisco has only a 1.6 percent vacancy rate but stringent rent control laws.A.stressfulB.stragglyC.strictD.straight上一题下一题(12/15)Vocabulary ReplacementThis part consists of 15 sentences in which one word or phrase is underlined. Below each sentence, there are 4 choices respectively marked by letters A, B, C and D. Choose the word or phrase that can replace the underlined part without causing any grammatical error or changing the basic meaning of the sentence. There is only ONE right answer. Blacken the corresponding letter as required on your Machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.第32题The central government hopes to curtail military spending in the next year.A.forbidB.invertC.prolongD.shorten上一题下一题(13/15)Vocabulary ReplacementThis part consists of 15 sentences in which one word or phrase is underlined. Below each sentence, there are 4 choices respectively marked by letters A, B, C and D. Choose the word or phrase that can replace the underlined part without causing any grammatical error or changing the basic meaning of the sentence. There is only ONE right answer. Blacken the corresponding letter as required on your Machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.第33题The emperor gave a grandiose banquet to celebrate his marriage of convenience.A.simutaneousB.sumptuousC.stimulatinyD.bump上一题下一题(14/15)Vocabulary ReplacementThis part consists of 15 sentences in which one word or phrase is underlined. Below each sentence, there are 4 choices respectively marked by letters A, B, C and D. Choose the word or phrase that can replace the underlined part without causing any grammatical error or changing the basic meaning of the sentence. There is only ONE right answer. Blacken the corresponding letter as required on your Machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.第34题When you are looking for a job, it is important to make an excellent resume to sell yourself to。

考研英语二(2010-1012)三年真题及答案

2010年考研英语二Section IUse of EnglishDirections:Read the following passage. For each numbered blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET l. (10 points)The outbreak of swine flu that was first detected in Mexico was declared a global pandemic on June 11, 2009, in the first designation by the World Health Organization of a worldwide pandemic in 41 years.The heightened alert came after an emergency meeting with flu experts in Geneva that convened after a sharp rise in cases in Australia, and rising numbers in Britain, Japan, Chile and elsewhere.But the pandemic is "moderate" in severity, according to Margaret Chan, the organization's director general, with the overwhelming majority of patients experiencing only mild symptoms and a full recovery, often in the absence of any medical treatment.The outbreak came to global notice in late April 2009, when Mexican authorities noticed an unusually large number of hospitalizations and deaths among healthy adults. As much of Mexico City shut down at the height of a panic, cases began to crop up in New York City, the southwestern United States and around the world.In the United States, new cases seemed to fade as warmer weather arrived. But in late September 2009, officials reported there was significant flu activity in almost every state and that virtually all the samples tested are the new swine flu, also known as (A) H1N1, not seasonal flu. @Zov&0 1 In the U.S., it has infected more than one million people, and caused more than 600 deaths and more than 6,000 hospitalizations.Federal health officials released Tamiflu for children from the national stockpile and began taking orders from the states for the new swine flu vaccine. The new vaccine, which is different from the annual flu vaccine, is available ahead of expectations. More than three million doses were to be made available in early October 2009, though most of those initial doses were of the FluMist nasal spray type, which is not recommended for pregnant women, people over 50 or those with breathing difficulties, heart disease or several other problems. But it was still possible to vaccinate people in other high-risk group: health care workers, people caring for infants and healthy young people.SectionⅡReading comprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four passages. Answer the questions below each passage by choosing A, B, C and D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.(40 points)Text1The longest bull run in a century of art-market history ended on a dramatic note with a sale of 56 works by Damien Hirst, “Beautiful Inside My Head Forever”, at Sotheby’s in London on September 15th 2008 (see picture). All but two pieces sold, fetching more than ā70m, a record for a sale by a single artist. It was a last hurrah. As the auctioneercalled out bids, in New York one of the oldest banks on Wall Street, Lehman Brothers, filed for bankruptcy.The world art market had already been losing momentum for a while after rising vertiginously since 2003. At its peak in 2007 it was worth some $65 billion, reckons Clare McAndrew, founder of Arts Economics, a research firm—double the figure five years earlier. Since then it may have come down to $50 billion. But the market generates interest far beyond its size because it brings together great wealth, enormous egos, greed, passion and controversy in a way matched by few other industries.In the weeks and months that followed Mr Hirst’s sale, spending of any sort became deeply unfashionable, especially in New York, where the bail-out of the banks coincided with the loss of thousands of jobs and the financial demise of many art-buying investors. In the art world that meant collectors stayed away from galleries and salerooms. Sales of contemporary art fell by two-thirds, and in the most overheated sector—for Chinese contemporary art—they were down by nearly 90% in the year to November 2008. Within weeks the world’s two biggest auction houses, Sotheby’s and Christie’s, had to pay out nearly $200m in guarantees to clie nts who had placed works for sale with them.The current downturn in the art market is the worst since the Japanese stopped buying Impressionists at the end of 1989, a move that started the most serious contraction in the market since the second world war. This time experts reckon that prices are about 40% down on their peak on average, though some have been far more volatile. But Edward Dolman, Christie’s chief executive, says: “I’m pretty confident we’re at the bottom.”What makes this slump different from the last, he says, is that there are still buyers in the market, whereas in the early 1990s, when interest rates were high, there was no demand even though many collectors wanted to sell. Christie’s revenues in the first half of 2009 were still higher th an in the first half of 2006. Almost everyone who was interviewed for this special report said that the biggest problem at the moment is not a lack of demand but a lack of good work to sell. The three Ds—death, debt and divorce—still deliver works of art to the market. But anyone who does not have to sell is keeping away, waiting for confidence to return.21.In the first paragraph,Damien Hirst's sale was referred to as “a last victory”because ____-.A.the art market hadwitnessed a succession of victoryiesB.the auctioneer finally got the two pieces at the highest bidsC.Beautiful Inside My Head Forever won over all masterpiecesD.it was successfully made just before the world financial crisis22.By saying “spending of any sort became deeply unfashionable”(Li ne 1-2,Para.3),the author suggests that_____ .A . collectors were no longer actively involved in art-market auctionsB .people stopped every kind of spending and stayed away from galleriesC.art collection as a fashion had lost its appeal to a great extentD .works of art in general had gone out of fashion so they were not worth buying23.Which of the following statements is NOT ture?A .Sales of contemporary art fell dramatically from 2007to 2008.B.The art market surpassed many other industries in momentum.C.The market generally went downward in various ways.D.Some art dealers were awaiting better chances to come.24.The three Ds mentioned in the last paragraph are ____A.auction houses ' favoritesB.contemporary trendsC.factors promoting artwork circulationD.styles representing impressionists25.The most appropriate title for this text could be ___A.Fluctuation of Art PricesB.Up-to-date Art AuctionsC.Art Market in DeclineD.Shifted Interest in ArtsText2I was addressing a small gathering in a suburban Virginia living room -- a women's group that had invited men to join them. Throughout the evening one man had been particularly talkative frequently offering ideas and anecdotes while his wife sat silently beside him on the couch. Toward the end of the evening I commented that women frequently complain that their husbands don't talk to them. This man quickly concurred. He gestured toward his wife and said "She's the talker in our family." The room burst into laughter; the man looked puzzled and hurt. "It's true" he explained. "When I come home from work I have nothing to say. If she didn't keep the conversation going we'd spend the whole evening in silence."This episode crystallizes the irony that although American men tend to talk more than women in public situations they often talk less at home. And this pattern is wreaking havoc with marriage.The pattern was observed by political scientist Andrew Hacker in the late '70s. Sociologist Catherine Kohler Riessman reports in her new book "Divorce Talk" that most of the women she interviewed -- but only a few of the men -- gave lack of communication as the reason for their divorces. Given the current divorce rate of nearly 50 percent that amounts to millions of cases in the United States every year -- a virtual epidemic of failed conversation. In my own research complaints from women about their husbands most often focused not on tangible inequities such as having given up the chance for a career to accompany a husband to his or doing far more than their share of daily life-support work like cleaning cooking social arrangements and errands. Instead they focused on communication: "He doesn't listen to me" "He doesn't talk to me." I found as Hacker observed years before that most wives want their husbands to be first and foremost conversational partners but few husbands share this expectation of their wives.In short the image that best represents the current crisis is the stereotypical cartoon scene of a man sitting at the breakfast table with a newspaper held up in front of his face while a woman glares at the back of it wanting to talk.26.What is most wives' main expectation of their husbands?A.Talking to them.B.Trusting them.C.Supporting their careers.D. Shsring housework.27.Judging from the context ,th e phrase “wreaking havoc”(Line 3,Para.2)most probably means ___ .A generating motivation.B.exerting influenceC.causing damageDcreating pressure28.All of the following are true EXCEPT_______A.men tend to talk more in public tan womenB.nearly 50percent of recent divorces are caused by failed conversationC.women attach much importance to communication between couplesDa female tends to be more talkative at home than her spouse29.Which of the following can best summarize the mian idea of this text ?A.The moral decaying deserves more research by sociologists .B.Marriage break_up stems from sex inequalities.C.Husband and wofe have different expectations from their marriage.D.Conversational patterns between man and wife are different.30.In the following part immediately after this text,the author will most probably focuson ______A.a vivid account of the new book Divorce TalkB.a detailed description of the stereotypical cartoonC.other possible reasons for a high divorce rate in the U.S.D a brief introduction to the political scientist Andrew HackerTxet3Over the past decade, many companies had perfected the art of creating automatic behaviors — habits — among consumers. These habits have helped companies earn billions of dollars when customers eat snacks, apply lotions and wipe counters almost without thinking, often in response to a carefully designed set of daily cues.“There are fundamental public health problems, like hand washing with soap, that remain killers only because we can’t figure out how to change people’s habits,” Dr. Curtis said. “We wanted to learn from private industry how to create new behaviors that happen automatically.”The companies that Dr. Curtis turned to — Procter & Gamble, Colgate-Palmolive and Unilever — had invested hund reds of millions of dollars finding the subtle cues in consumers’ lives that corporations could use to introduce new routines.If you look hard enough, you’ll find that many of the products we use every day — chewing gums, skin moisturizers, disinfecting wipes, air fresheners, water purifiers, health snacks, antiperspirants, colognes, teeth whiteners, fabric softeners, vitamins — are results of manufactured habits. A century ago, few people regularly brushed their teeth multiple times a day. Today, because of canny advertising and public health campaigns, many Americans habitually give their pearly whites a cavity-preventing scrub twice a day, often with Colgate, Crest or one of the other brands.A few decades ago, many people didn’t drink water outside of a meal. Then beverage companies started bottling the production of far-off springs,and now office workers unthinkingly sip bottled water all day long. Chewing gum, once bought primarily by adolescent boys, is now featured in commercials as a breath freshener and teeth cleanser for use after a meal. Skin moisturizers are advertised as part of morning beauty rituals,slipped in between hair brushing and putting on makeup.“Our products succeed when they become part of daily or weekly patterns,” said Carol Berni ng, a consumer psychologist who recently retired from Procter & Gamble, the company that sold $76 billion of Tide, Crest and other products last year. “Creating positive habits is a huge part of improving our consumers’ lives, and it’s essential to making new products commercially viable.”Through experiments and observation, social scientists like Dr. Berning have learned that there is power in tying certain behaviors to habitual cues through relentless advertising. As this new science of habit has emerged, controversies have erupted when the tactics have been used to sell questionable beauty creams or unhealthy foods.31.According to Dr.Curtis,habits like hand washing with soap________.[A] should be further cultivated[B] should be changed gradually[C] are deepiy rooted in history[D] are basically private concerns32.Bottled water,chewing gun and skin moisturizers are mentioned in Paragraph 5 so as to____[A] reveal their impact on people’habits[B] show the urgent need of daily necessities[C]indicate t heir effect on people’buying power[D]manifest the significant role of good habits33.which of the following does NOT belong to products that help create people’s habits?[A]Tide[B]Crest[C]Colgate[D]Unilver34.From the text wekonw that some of consumer’s habits are developed due to _____[A]perfected art of products[B]automatic behavior creation[C]commercial promotions[D]scientific experiments35.the author’sattitude toward the influence of advertisement on people’s habits is____[A]indifferent [B]negative [C]positive [D]biasedText4Many Americans regard the jury system as a concrete expression of crucial democratic values, including the principles that all citizens who meet minimal qualifications of age and literacy are equally competent to serve onjuries; that jurors should be selected randomly from a representative cross section of the community; that no citizen should be denied the right to serve on a jury on account of race, religion, sex, or national origin; that defendants are entitled to trial by their peers; and that verdicts should represent the conscience of the community and not just the letter of the law. The jury is also said to be the best surviving example of direct rather than representative democracy. In a direct democracy, citizens take turns governing themselves, rather than electing representatives to govern for them.But as recently as in 1986, jury selection procedures conflicted with these democratic ideals. In some states, for example, jury duty was limited to persons of supposedly superior intelligence, education, and moral character. Although the Supreme Court of the United States had prohibited intentional racial discrimination in jury selection as early as the 1880 case of strauder v. West Virginia,the practice of selecting so-called elite or blue-ribbon juries provided a convenient way around this and other antidiscrimination laws.The system also failed to regularly include women on juries until the mid-20th century. Although women first served on state juries in Utah in 1898,it was not until the 1940s that a majority of states made women eligible for jury duty. Even then several states automatically exempted women from jury duty unless they personlly asked to have their names included on the jury list. This practice was justified by the claim that women were needed at home, and it kept juries unrepresentative of women through the 1960s.In 1968, the Congress of the United States passed the Jury Selection and Service Act, ushering in a new era of democratic reforms for the jury.This law abolished special educational requirements for federal jurors and required them to be selected at random from a cross section of the entire community. In the landmark 1975 decision Taylor v. Louisiana, the Supreme Court extended the requirement that juries be representative of all parts of the community to the state level. The Taylor decision also declared sex discrimination in jury selection to be unconstitutional and ordered states to use the same procedures for selecting male and female jurors.36.From the principles of theUS jury system,welearn that ______[A]both litcrate and illiterate people can serve on juries[B]defendants are immune from trial by their peers[C]no age limit should be imposed for jury service[D]judgment should consider the opinion of the public37.The practice of selecting so—called elite jurors prior to 1968 showed_____[A]the inadcquavy of antidiscrimination laws[B]the prevalent discrimination against certain races[C]the conflicting ideals in jury selection procedures38.Even in the 1960s,women were seldom on the jury list in some states because_____[A]they were automatically banned by state laws[B]they fell far short of the required qualifications[C]they were supposed to perform domestic duties[D]they tended to evade public engagement39.After the Jury Selection and Service Act was passed.___[A]sex discrimination in jury selection was unconstitutional and had to be abolished[B]educational requirements became less rigid in the selection of federal jurors[C]jurors at the state level ought to be representative of the entire community[D]states ought to conform to the federal court in reforming the jury system40.in discussing the US jury system,the text centers on_______[A]its nature and problems[B]its characteristics and tradition[C]its problems and their solutions[D]its tradition and developmentSection ⅢTranslation46.Directions:In this section there is a text in English .Translate it into Chinese. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET2.(15points)“Suatainability” has become apopular word these days, but to Ted Ning, the concept will always have personal meaning. Having endured apainful period of unsustainability in his own life made itclear to him that sustainability-oriented values must be expressed though everyday action and choice.Ning recalls spending aconfusing year in the late 1990s selling insurance. He’d been though the dot-com boom and burst and,desperate for ajob,signed on with a Boulder agency.It didin’t go well. “It was a really had move because that’s not my passion,” says Ning, whose dilemma about the job translated, predictably, into a lack of sales. “I was miserable, I had so much anxiety that I would wake up in the middle of the night and stare at the ceiling. I had no money and neede d the job. Everyone said, ‘Just wait, you’ll trun the corner, give it some time.’”2010年考研英语二真题答案：21 D 22 A 23 B 24 C 25 C26 A 27 C 28 D 29 D 30 B31 A 32 A 33 D34 C 35 B36 A 37 C 38 C 39 C 40 D新题型：F T T T F2011年考研英语二Section I Use of EnglishDirections：Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered black and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)The Internet affords anonymity to its users, a blessing to privacy and freedom of speech. But that very anonymity is also behind the explosion of cyber-crime that has 1 across the Web.Can privacy be preserved 2 bringing safety and security to a world that seems increasingly 3 ?Last month, Howard Schmidt, the nation’s cyber-czar, offered the federal government a 4 to make the Web a safer place-a “voluntary trusted identity” system that would be the high-tech 5 of a physical key, a fingerprint and a photo ID card, all rolled 6 one. The system might use a smart identity card, or a digital credential 7 to a specificcomputer .and would authenticate users at a range of online services.The idea is to 8 a federation of private online identity systems. User could 9 which system to join, and only registered users whose identities have been authenticated could navigate those systems. The approach contrasts with one that would require an Internet driver’s license 10 by t he government.Google and Microsoft are among companies that already have these“single sign-on” systems that make it possible for users to 11 just once but use many different services.12 .the approach would create a “walled garden” n cyberspace, with safe “neighborhoods” and bright “streetlights” to establish a sense of a 13 community.Mr. Schmidt described it as a “voluntary ecosystem” in which “individuals and organizations can complete online transactions with 14 ,trusting the identities of each other and the identities of the infrastructure 15 which the transaction runs”.Still, the administration’s plan has 16 privacy rights activists. Some applaud the approach; others are concerned. It seems clear that such a scheme is an initiative push toward what wo uld 17 be a compulsory Internet “drive’s license” mentality.The plan has also been greeted with 18 by some computer security experts, who worry that the “voluntary ecosystem” envisioned by Mr. Schmidt would still leave much of the Internet 19 .They argue that all Internet users should be 20 to register and identify themselves, in the same way that drivers must be licensed to drive on public roads.1.A.sweptB.skippedC.walkedD.ridden2.A.forB.withinC.whileD.thoughwlessC.pointlessD.helplesspromiseD.proposalrmationB.interferenceC.entertainmentD.equivalent6.A.byB.intoC.fromD.overpared8.A.dismissB.discoverC.createD.improve9.A.recallB.suggestC.selectD.realize10.A.relcasedB.issuedC.distributedD.delivered11.A.carry on B.linger onC.set in D.log in12.A.In vainB.In effectC.In return D.In contrastpeting14.A.cautionB.delightC.confidenceD.patience15.A.onB.afterC.beyondD.across16.A.dividedB.disappointedC.protectedD.united17.A.frequestlyB.incidentallyC.occasionallyD.eventually18.A.skepticismB.releranceC.indifferenceD.enthusiasm19.A.manageableB.defendableC.vulnerableD.invisible20.A.invitedB.appointedC.allowedD.forcedSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions after each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40points)Text 1Ruth Simmons joined Goldman Sachs’s b oard as an outside director in January 2000: a year later she became president of Brown University. For the rest of the decade she apparently managed both roles without attracting much eroticism. But by the end of 2009 Ms. Simmons was under fire for having sat on Goldman’s compensation committee; how could she have let those enormous bonus payouts pass unremarked? By February the next year Ms. Simmons had left the board. The position was just taking up too much time, she said.Outside directors are supposed to serve as helpful, yet less biased, advisers on a firm’s board. Having made their wealth and their reputations elsewhere, they presumably have enough independence to disagree with the chief executive’s proposals. If the sky, and the share price is falli ng, outside directors should be able to give advice based on having weathered their own crises.The researchers from Ohio University used a database hat covered more than 10,000 firms and more than 64,000 different directors between 1989 and 2004. Then they simply checked which directors stayed from one proxy statement to the next. The most likely reason for departing a board was age, so the researchers concentrated on those “surprise” disappearances by directors under the age of 70. They fount that after a surprise departure, the probability that the company will subsequently have to restate earnings increased by nearly 20%. The likelihood of being named in a federal class-action lawsuit also increases, and the stock is likely to perform worse. The effect tended to be larger for larger firms. Although a correlation between them leaving and subsequent bad performance at the firm is suggestive, it does not mean that such directors are always jumping off a sinking ship. Often they “trade up.” Leaving riskier, s maller firms for larger and more stable firms.But the researchers believe that outside directors have an easier time of avoiding a blow to their reputations if they leave a firm before bad news breaks, even if a review of history shows they were on the board at the time any wrongdoing occurred. Firms who want to keep their outside directors through tough times may have to create incentives. Otherwise outside directors will follow the example of Ms. Simmons, once again very popular on campus.21. According to Paragraph 1, Ms. Simmons was criticized for .[A]gaining excessive profits[B]failing to fulfill her duty[C]refusing to make compromises[D]leaving the board in tough times22. We learn from Paragraph 2 that outside directors are supposed to be .[A]generous investors[B]unbiased executives[C]share price forecasters[D]independent advisers23. According to the researchers from Ohio University after an outside director’s surprise departure, the firm is likely to .[A]become more stable[B]report increased earnings[C]do less well in the stock market[D]perform worse in lawsuits24. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that outside directors .[A]may stay for the attractive offers from the firm[B]have often had records of wrongdoings in the firm[C]are accustomed to stress-free work in the firm[D]will decline incentives from the firm25. The author’s attitude toward the role of outside directors is .[A]permissive[B]positive[C]scornful[D]criticalText 2Whatever happened to the death of newspaper? A year ago the end seemed near. The recession threatened to remove the advertising and readers that had not already fled to the internet. Newspapers like the San Francisco Chronicle were chronicling their own doom. America’s Federal Trade commission la unched a round of talks about how to save newspapers. Should they become charitable corporations? Should the state subsidize them ? It will holdanother meeting soon. But the discussions now seem out of date.In much of the world there is the sign of crisis. German and Brazilian papers have shrugged off the recession. Even American newspapers, which inhabit the most troubled come of the global industry, have not only survived but often returned to profit. Not the 20% profit margins that were routine a few years ago, but profit all the same.It has not been much fun. Many papers stayed afloat by pushing journalists overboard. The American Society of News Editors reckons that 13,500 newsroom jobs have gone since 2007. Readers are paying more for slimmer products. Some papers even had the nerve to refuse delivery to distant suburbs. Yet these desperate measures have proved the right ones and, sadly for many journalists, they can be pushed further.Newspapers are becoming more balanced businesses, with a healthier mix of revenues from readers and advertisers. American papers have long been highly unusual in their reliance on ads. Fully 87% of their revenues came from advertising in 2008, according to the Organization for Economic Cooperation & Development (OECD). In Japan the proportion is 35%. Not surprisingly, Japanese newspapers are much more stable.The whirlwind that swept through newsrooms harmed everybody, but much of the damage has been concentrated in areas where newspaper are least distinctive. Car and film reviewers have gone. So have science and general business reporters. Foreign bureaus have been savagely cut off. Newspapers are less complete as a result. But completeness is no longer a virtue in the newspaper business.26. By saying “Newspapers like …their own doom” (Lines 3-4, Para. 1), the author indicates that newspaper .[A]neglected the sign of crisis[B]failed to get state subsidies[C]were not charitable corporations[D]were in a desperate situation27. Some newspapers refused delivery to distant suburbs probably because .[A]readers threatened to pay less[B]newspapers wanted to reduce costs[C]journalists reported little about these areas[D]subscribers complained about slimmer products28. Compared with their American counterparts, Japanese newspapers are much more stable because they .[A]have more sources of revenue[B]have more balanced newsrooms[C]are less dependent on advertising[D]are less affected by readership29. What can be inferred from the last paragraph about the current newspaper business?[A]Distinctiveness is an essential feature of newspapers.[B]Completeness is to blame for the failure of newspaper.[C]Foreign bureaus play a crucial role in the newspaper business.[D]Readers have lost their interest in car and film reviews.30. The most appropriate title for this text would be .。

(记忆版)2010全国外语翻译资格证考试英语二级笔译试题

2010全国外语翻译资格证秋季考试英语二级笔译试题（2010.11.13）(记忆版)2010年11月13日在厦门大学参加2010年全国外语翻译资格证英语二级笔译考试，凭回忆将题目及考试启示整理如下：考题来源：英译汉英美散文，特别是美文。

《经济学人》等英美报刊杂志的原文。

汉译英：作家作品序言，特别是散文。

人民日报等报纸的社论、评论文章。

启示：要广泛阅读，最大限度地提高英文水平。

同时要不遗余力地看中文报刊杂志，提高中文水平。

努力，努力，再努力，这就是这次的全国外语翻译资格证考试带给我的启示。

我的水平还很不够。

英译汉Passage1 Saying it with silenceOften silence makes people uncomfortable, accustomed as they are to the noise and commotion of the world, but silence is all about coming home to ourselves.When we sit in silence we relax and slip into an exquisite nothingness. We look within and drop our opinionated mind and learn to feel everything around us more deeply.Often it happens that when we wait in silence, life rushes back to fill those crevices in our souls. There are times when silence becomes the most potent way of communication and is more effective than words.Lovers all over the world are said to communicate with silence. Understand each other‟s silence. The famous telepathy between two people who have strong feelings for each other happens in a compelling silence.Undeniably, silence needs a special kind of power and authority of mind and saying it with silence needs a certain …command of language‟. To say nothing is often more difficult than expressing the anger, love and betrayal with words.However, being silent with a natural and calm stillness within is like a spiritual reflex. Analyze it too much or think too much about it and it degenerates itself into something superficial and edgy. If we become self-conscious about silence then we begin to work against it. We rush to fill it with inane talks and nervous gestures, and the silence loses its value.But we can certainly develop this powerful way of communicating by practicing a calm mind. By realizing that between stimulus and response, there is a space and in that space is our power to choose ourresponse because in our response lies our growth and our freedom. That “space” is silence.Each time when I feel that I just cannot take another step forward in life, I seek refuge in silence. And sure enough I get recharged with fresh dose of faith, hope and confidence.Passage2 来自《经济学人》Women and workDec 30th 2009From The Economist print editionThe rich world‟s quiet revolution: women are gradually taking over the workplaceGetty ImagesAT A time when the world is short of causes for celebration, here is a candidate: within the next few months women will cross the 50% threshold and become the majority of the American workforce. Women already make up the majority of university graduates in the OECD countries and the majority of professional workers in several rich countries, including the United States. Women run many of the world’s great companies, from PepsiCo in America to Areva in France.Women’s economic empowerment is arguably the biggest socialchange of our times. Just a generation ago, women were largely confined to repetitive, menial jobs. They were routinely subjected to casual sexism and were expected to abandon their careers when they married and had children. Today they are running some of the organisations that once treated them as second-class citizens. Millions of women have been given more control over their own lives. And millions of brains have been put to more productive use. Societies that try to resist this trend—most notably the Arab countries, but also Japan and some southern European countries—will pay a heavy price in the form of wasted talent and frustrated citizens.Click here to find out more!This revolution has been achieved with only a modicum off riction (see article). Men have, by and large, welcomed women’s invasion of the workplace. Yet even the most positive changes can be incomplete or unsatisfactory. This particular advance comes with two stings. The first is that women are still under-represented at the top of companies. Only 2% of the bosses of America’s largest companies and 5% of their peers in Britain are women. They are also paid significantly less than men on average. The second is that juggling work and child-rearing is difficult. Middle-class couples routinely complain that they have too little time for their children.汉译英Passage1在这里，作者有时候会无所事事。

catti二级笔译综合能力试题精选及答案解析

catti二级笔译综合能力试题精选及答案解析一、Vocabulary Selection（本大题1小题．每题1.0分，共1.0分。

In this part, there are 20 incomplete sentences. Below each sentence, there are four words or phrases respectively marked by letters A, B, C and D. Choose the word or phrase which best completes each sentence. There is only one right answer. ）第1题The less the surface of the ground yields to the weight of the body of a runner, ________ to the body.A the stress it is greaterB greater is the stressC greater stress isD the greater the stress【正确答案】：D【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】固定用法。

the+比较级，the+比较级。

二、Vocabulary Replacement（本大题11小题．每题1.0分，共11.0分。

This part consists of 15 sentences in which one word or phrase is underlined. Below each sentence, there are four choices respectively marked by letters A, B, C and D. You are to select the ONE choice that can replace the underlined word without causing any grammatical error or changing the principal meaning of the sentence. There is only one right answer. ）第1题The thief was apprehended, but his accomplice had disappeared.A people who saw himB the person who helped himC guns and knivesD stolen goods模考吧网提供最优质的模拟试题，最全的历年真题，最精准的预测押题！【正确答案】：B【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】名词辨析。

2010年考研英语二真题全文翻译答案超详解析

2010 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（二）试题答案与解析Section I Use of English一、文章题材结构分析本文是取材于新闻报道，叙述了猪流感的爆发，产生的严重影响以及政府采取的针对性措施。

首段和第二段简述了猪流感的爆发引起世界各国的重视。

第三段引用专家的观点，认为瘟疫并不严重。

第四段和第五段以墨西哥及美国的情况为例，说明了猪流感的严重性和致命性。

第六段叙述了联邦政府针对猪流感的具体措施。

二、试题解析1.【答案】D【解析】上文提到“…was declared a global epidemic…”，根据declare 的逻辑（“宣布为”），可知应该选D 项designated“命名，制定”，而不是C 项commented“评论”，这是典型的近义词复现题目。

2．【答案】C【解析】本题目可依据“句意”找到意思线索，选出答案，难度在于出处句是个长难句。

本句的理解应该抓住alert、meeting 和a sharp rise 三者的关系，根据after a sharp rise 可知是rise（“病例数的增加”）是meeting（“日内瓦专家会议”）的原因，由此可推导出alert 并非是meeting 的原因，而是结果，即meeting 使得alert 升级。

根据上述分析可以排除B、D 选项，B 项activated“激活，激起”，D 项“促使，引起”，此两项的选择都在讲alert 导致了meeting的召开。

而C 项followed 意思是“紧随，跟在……之后”，体现出after 的逻辑，完全满足本句rise 之后是meeting，meeting 之后是alert 的逻辑，所以是正确项。

而A 项proceeded“继续”，属不及物动词，不可接宾语，用法和逻辑用在此处都不合适。

3．【答案】B【解析】本题目应该关注并列连词and，从并列呼应来看：空格后的表达in Britain…对应前面的in Australia，所以空格处rising _____ 应该对应a sharp rise in cases（“病例数的剧增”），因此空格处是“数量”的逻辑才对。

2010年11月CATTI_二级笔译实务英翻汉真题及详解(精)

第一篇Offshore supply vessels resembling large, floating flat-backed trucks fill Victoria Dock, unable to find charters in a sign of the downturn in Britain's oil industry.With UK North Sea oil and gas production 44 percent below its peak, self-styled oil capital of Europe Aberdeen fears the slowdown is not simply cyclical.The oil industry that at one stage sparked talk of Scotland as "the Kuwait of the West" has already outlived most predictions.Tourism, life sciences, and the export of oil services around the world are among Aberdeen's targeted substitutes for North sea oil and gas -- but for many the biggest prize would be to use its offshore oil expertise to build a renewable energy industry as big as oil.The city aims to use its experience to become a leader in offshore wind, tidal power and carbon dioxide capture and storage.Alex Salmond, head of the devolved Scottish government, told a conference in Aberdeen last month the market for wind power could be worth 130 billion pounds, while Scotland could be the "Saudi Arabia of tidal power.""We're seeing the emergence of an offshore energy market that is comparable in scale to the market we've seen in offshore oil and gas in the last 40 years," he said. Another area of focus, tourism, has previously been hindered by the presence of oil. Eager to put Aberdeen on the international tourist map, local business has strongly backed a plan by U.S. real estate tycoon Donald Trump for a luxury housing and golfproject 12 km (8 miles) north of the city, even though it means building on a nature reserve.The city also hopes to reorientate its vibrant oil services industry toward emerging offshore oil centers such as Brazil. "Just because the production in the North Sea starts to decline doesn't mean that Aberdeen as a global center also declines," said Robert Collier, Chamber of Commerce Chief Executive. "That expertise can still stay here and be exported around the world."第二篇We mark the passing of 800 years, and that is indeed a remarkable span for any institution. But history is never an even-flowing stream, and the most remarkable thing about modern Cambridge has been its enormous growth over the past half century. Since I came up as an undergraduate in 1961 the student population has more than doubled. More students have meant more teachers, and, even more significantly, more scholars devoted solely to research: every category has more than doubled in numbers. This huge increase has been partly absorbed by an expansion of the colleges: they all have more students and more Fellows than they did 50 years ago; and, since 1954, no fewer than 11 of the 31 colleges are either brand new foundations, or have been conjured up as new creations from existing but quite different bodies. From being a university primarily driven by undergraduate education, Cambridge's reputation is now overwhelmingly tied to its research achievements, which can be simply represented by the fact that more than three-quarters of its current annual income is devoted to research. This has brought not just new laboratories but new buildings to house wholefaculties and departments: in the mid-20th century few faculties had a physical manifestation beyond, perhaps, a library and a couple of administrative offices. Cambridge attracts the best students and academics because they find the University and the colleges stimulating and enjoyable places in which to live and work. The students are thrown in with similarly able minds, learning as much from each other as from their teachers; the good senior academics know better than to be too hierarchical or to cut themselves off from intellectual criticism and debate.One generation dismisses another: not even Erasmus or Newton, Darwin or Keynes stand unscathed by the passage of time; nor can we be but humbled, especially in our day when so much information is so easily accessible, by the vast store of knowledge which we can approach but never really control. Our library and museum collections bring us into contact with many lives lived in the past. They serve as symbols of the continuity of learning, or the diversity of views, of an obligation to wrestle with fact and argument, to come to our own conclusions, and in turn to be accountable for our findings. The real quest is not for knowledge, but for understanding.。

2010年英语二真题及答案【完整打印版】

2010年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试(英语二)试题Section I USE of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C or D on ANSWER SHEET1.(10 points)The outbreak of swine flu that was first deteccted in Mexico was declared a global epidemic on june 11,2009. It is the first wotldwide cpidemic__1__by the World Health Organization in41years. The heightened alert __2__an emergency meeting with flu experts in Geneva that assembled after a sharp pise in cases in Australia.and rising __3__in Britain ,japan,Chile and elsewhere.Bur the epiemic is “__4__”in severity. According to Margaret Chan. The organization’s director general,__5__the overwhelming majorty of patients experiencing only mild symptoms and full recovery. Often in the__6__of any medical treatment.The ourbreak came to gobal__7__in lafe April2009.when Mexican authorities noted an unusually latge number of hospitalizations and deaths__8__ healthy adults. As much ofMexico City Shut down at the height of a panic,cases began to__9__in New York City.the southwestem United States and atound the world.In the United States, new cases seemed to fade__10__warmer weather arrived.But in late September 2009,officials reported there was__11__flu activity in almost every state and that virtually all the__12__tested are the new swine flu. Also known as(A)H1N1,not seasonal flu.In the U.S.,It has__13__more than one million people,and caused mone than 600 deaths and more than 6,000 hospitalizations.Federal health officials ___14___ Tamiflu for children from the national stockpile and began __15__ orders from the atates for the new swine flu vaccine.The new vaccine,which is different from the annual flu vaccine,is__16__ ahead of expectations.More than three million doses were to be made available in early October 2009,though most of those __17__doses were of the FluMist nasal spray type,which is not __18__ for pregnant women,people over 50 or those with breathing difficulties,heart disease or several other__19__.But it was still possible to vaccinate people in other high-risk groups;health care workers,people __20__infants and healthy young people.1 [A] criticized [B] appointed [C]commented [D] designated2 [A] proceeded [B] activated [C] followed [D] prompted3 [A] digits [B] numbers [C] amounts [D] sums4 [A] moderate [B] normal [C] unusual [D] extreme5 [A] with [B] in [C] from [D] by6 [A] progress [B] absence [C] presence [D] favor7 [A] reality [B] phenomenon [C] concept [D] notice8. [A]over [B] for [C] among [D] to9 [A] stay up [B] crop up [C] fill up [D] cover up10 [A] as [B] if [C] unless [D]until11 [A] excessive [B] enormous [C] significant [D]magnificent12 [A]categories [B] examples [C] patterns [D] samples13 [A] imparted [B] immerse [C] injected [D] infected14 [A] released [B] relayed [C] relieved [D] remained15 [A] placing [B] delivering [C] taking [D] giving16 [A] feasible [B] available [C] reliable [D] applicable17 [A] prevalent [B] principal [C] innovative [D] initial18 [A] presented [B] restricted [C] recommended [D] introduced19 [A] problems [B] issues [C] agonies [D] sufferings20 [A] involved in [B] caring for [C] concerned with [D] warding offSection Ⅱ Reading comprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four passages. Answer the questions below each passage by choosing A, B, C and D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)Text1The longest bull run in a century of art-market history ended on a dramatic note with a sale of 56 works by Damien Hirst, “Beautiful Inside My Head Forever”，at Sotheby’s in London on September 15th 2008. All but two pieces sold, fetching more than ￡70m, a record for a sale by a single artist. It was a last victory. As the auctioneer called out bids, in New York one of the oldest banks on Wall Street, Lehman Brothers, filed for bankruptcy.The world art market had already been losing momentum for a while after rising bewilderingly since 2003. At its peak in 2007 it was worth some $65 billion, reckons Clare McAndrew, founder of Arts Economics, a research firm—double the figure five years earlier. Since then it may have come down to $50 billion. But the market generates interest far beyond its size because it brings together great wealth, enormous egos, greed, passion and controversy in a way matched by few other industries.In the weeks and months that followed Mr Hirst’s sale, spending of any sor t became deeply unfashionable, especially in New York, where the bail-out of the banks coincided with the loss of thousands of jobs and the financial demise of many art-buying investors. In the art world that meant collectors stayed away from galleries and salerooms. Sales of contemporary art fell by two-thirds, and in the most overheated sector—for Chinese contemporary art—they were down by nearly 90% in the year to November 2008. Within weeks the world’s twobiggest auction houses, Sotheby’s and Christie’s, had to pay out nearly $200m in guarantees to clients who had placed works for sale with them.The current downturn in the art market is the worst since the Japanese stopped buying Impressionists at the end of 1989, a move that started the most serious contraction in the market since the Second World War. This time experts reckon that prices are about 40% down on their peak on average, though some have been far more fluctuant. But Edward Dolman, Christie’s chief executive, says: “I’m pretty confident we’re at the bottom.”What makes this slump different from the last, he says, is that there are still buyers in the market, whereas in the early 1990s, when interest rates were high, there was no demand even though many collectors wanted to sell. Christie’s revenues in the first half of 2009 were still higher than in the first half of 2006. Almost everyone who was interviewed for this special report said that the biggest problem at the moment is not a lack of demand but a lack of good work to sell. The three Ds—death, debt and divorce—still deliver works of art to the market. But anyone who does not have to sell is keeping away, waiting for confidence to return.21.In the first paragraph, Damien Hirst's sale was referred to as “a last victory” because ____.A. the art market had witnessed a succession of victoriesB. the auctioneer finally got the two pieces at the highest bidsC. Beautiful Inside My Head Forever won over all masterpiecesD. it was successfully made just before the world financial crisis22.By saying “spending of any sort became deeply unfashionable”(Line 1-2,Para.3)，the author suggests that_____.A. collectors were no longer actively involved in art-market auctionsB .people stopped every kind of spending and stayed away from galleriesC. art collection as a fashion had lost its appeal to a great extentD .works of art in general had gone out of fashion so they were not worth buying23. Which of the following statements is NOT true?A .Sales of contemporary art fell dramatically from 2007 to 2008.B. The art market surpassed many other industries in momentum.C. The market generally went downward in various ways.D. Some art dealers were awaiting better chances to come.24. The three Ds mentioned in the last paragraph are ____A. auction houses ' favoritesB. contemporary trendsC. factors promoting artwork circulationD. styles representing impressionists25. The most appropriate title for this text could be ___A. Fluctuation of Art PricesB. Up-to-date Art AuctionsC. Art Market in DeclineD. Shifted Interest in ArtsText2I was addressing a small gathering in a suburban Virginia living room—a women's group that had invited men to join them. Throughout the evening one man had been particularly talkative, frequently offering ideas and anecdotes, while his wife sat silently beside him on the couch. Toward the end of the evening I commented that women frequently complain that their husbands don't talk to them. This man quickly nodded in agreement. He gestured toward his wife and said, "She's the talker in our family." The room burst into laughter; the man looked puzzled and hurt. "It's true," he explained. "When I come home from work, I have nothing to say. If she didn'tkeep the conversation going, we'd spend the whole evening in silence."This episode crystallizes the irony that although American men tend to talk more than women in public situations, they often talk less at home. And this pattern is wreaking havoc with marriage.The pattern was observed by political scientist Andrew Hacker in the late 1970s. Sociologist Catherine Kohler Riessman reports in her new book "Divorce Talk" that most of the women she interviewed—but only a few of the men—gave lack of communication as the reason for their divorces. Given the current divorce rate of nearly 50 percent，that amounts to millions of cases in the United States every year —a virtual epidemic of failed conversation.In my own research complaints from women about their husbands most often focused not on tangible inequities such as having given up the chance for a career to accompany a husband to his or doing far more than their share of daily life-support work like cleaning, cooking, social arrangements and errands. Instead they focused on communication: "He doesn't listen to me." "He doesn't talk to me." I found as Hacker observed years before that most wives want their husbands to be first and foremost conversational partners but few husbands share this expectation of their wives.In short the image that best represents the current crisis is the stereotypical cartoon scene of a man sitting at the breakfast table with a newspaper held up in front of his face, while a woman glares at the back of it, wanting to talk.26. What is most wives' main expectation of their husbands?A. Talking to them.B. Trusting them.C. Supporting their careers.D. Sharing housework.27. Judging from the context, the phrase “wreaking havoc”(Line 3,Para.2)most probably means ___ .A. generating motivation.B. exerting influenceC. causing damageD. creating pressure28. All of the following are true EXCEPT_______A. men tend to talk more in public than womenB. nearly 50 percent of recent divorces are caused by failed conversationC. women attach much importance to communication between couplesD. a female tends to be more talkative at home than her spouse29. Which of the following can best summarize the main idea of this text?A. The moral decaying deserves more research by sociologists.B. Marriage break-up stems from sex inequalities.C. Husband and wife have different expectations from their marriage.D. Conversational patterns between man and wife are different.30. In the following part immediately after this text, the author will most probably focus on ______A. a vivid account of the new book Divorce TalkB. a detailed description of the stereotypical cartoonC. other possible reasons for a high divorce rate in the U.S.D. a brief introduction to the political scientist Andrew HackerText 3Over the past decade, many companies had perfected the art of creating automatic behaviors — habits —among consumers. These habits have helped companies earn billions of dollars when customers eat snacks, applylotions and wipe counters almost without thinking, often in response to a carefully designed set of daily cues.“There are fundamental public health problems, like dirty hands instead of a soap habit, that remain killers only because we can’t figure out how to change people’s habits,” Dr. Curtis said. “We wanted to learn from private industry how to create new behaviors that happen automatically.”The companies that Dr. Curtis turned to —Procter & Gamble, Colgate-Palmolive and Unilever —had invested hundreds of millions of dollars finding the subtle cues in consumers’ lives that corporations could use to introduce new routines.If you look hard enough, you’ll find that many of the products we use every day —chewing gums, skin moisturizers, disinfecting wipes, air fresheners, water purifiers, health snacks, antiperspirants, colognes, teeth whiteners, fabric softeners, vitamins—are results of manufactured habits. A century ago, few people regularly brushed their teeth multiple times a day. Today, because of canny advertising and public health campaigns, many Americans habitually give their pearly whites a cavity-preventing scrub twice a day, often with Colgate, Crest or one of the other brands.A few decades ago, many people didn’t drink water outside of a mea l. Then beverage companies started bottling the production of far-off springs, and now office workers unthinkingly sip bottled water all day long. Chewing gum, once bought primarily by adolescent boys, is now featured in commercials as a breath freshener and teeth cleanser for use after a meal. Skin moisturizers are advertised as part of morning beauty rituals, slipped in between hair brushing and putting on makeup.“Our products succeed when they become part of daily or weekly patterns,” said Carol Berni ng, a consumer psychologist who recently retired from Procter & Gamble, the company that sold $76 billion of Tide, Crest and other products last year. “Creating positive habits is a huge part of improving our consumers’ lives, and it’s essential to making new products commercially viable.”Through experiments and observation, social scientists like Dr. Berning have learned that there is power in tying certain behaviors to habitual cues through relentless advertising. As this new science of habit has emerged, controversies have erupted when the tactics have been used to sell questionable beauty creams or unhealthy foods.31. According to Dr. Curtis, habits like hand washing with soap________.[A] should be further cultivated[B] should be changed gradually[C] are deeply rooted in history[D] are basically private concerns32. Bottled water, chewing gun and skin moisturizers are mentioned in Paragraph 5 so as to____[A] reveal their impact on people’s habits[B] show the urgent need of daily necessities[C] indicate their effect on people’s buying power[D] manifest the significant role of good habits33. W hich of the following does NOT belong to products that help create people’s habits?[A] Tide[B] Crest[C] Colgate[D] Unilever34. From the text we know that some of consumer’s habits are developed due to _____[A]perfected art of products[B]automatic behavior creation[C]commercial promotions[D]scientific experiments35. T he author’s attitude toward the influence of advertisement on people’s habits is____[A] indifferent[B] negative[C] positive[D] biasedText4Many Americans regard the jury system as a concrete expression of crucial democratic values, including the principles that all citizens who meet minimal qualifications of age and literacy are equally competent to serve on juries; that jurors should be selected randomly from a representative cross section of the community; that no citizen should be denied the right to serve on a jury on account of race, religion, sex, or national origin; that defendants are entitled to trial by their peers; and that verdicts should represent the conscience of the community and not just the letter of the law. The jury is also said to be the best surviving example of direct rather than representative democracy. In a direct democracy, citizens take turns governing themselves, rather than electing representatives to govern for them.But as recently as in 1986, jury selection procedures conflicted with these democratic ideals. In some states, for example, jury duty was limited to persons of supposedly superior intelligence, education, and moral character. Although the Supreme Court of the United States had prohibited intentional racial discrimination in jury selection as early as the 1880 case of Strauder v. West Virginia, the practice of selecting so-called elite or blue-ribbon juries provided a convenient way around this and other antidiscrimination laws.The system also failed to regularly include women on juries until the mid-20th century. Although women first served on state juries in Utah in 1898, it was not until the 1940s that a majority of states made women eligible for jury duty. Even then several states automatically exempted women from jury duty unless they personally asked to have their names included on the jury list. This practice was justified by the claim that women were needed at home, and it kept juries unrepresentative of women through the 1960s.In 1968, the Congress of the United States passed the Jury Selection and Service Act, ushering in a new era of democratic reforms for the jury. This law abolished special educational requirements for federal jurors and required them to be selected at random from a cross section of the entire community. In the landmark 1975 decision Taylor vs. Louisiana, the Supreme Court extended the requirement that juries be representative of all parts of the community to the state level. The Taylor decision also declared sex discrimination in jury selection to be unconstitutional and ordered states to use the same procedures for selecting male and female jurors.36. From the principles of the US jury system, we learn that ______[A]both liberate and illiterate people can serve on juries[B]defendants are immune from trial by their peers[C]no age limit should be imposed for jury service[D]judgment should consider the opinion of the public37. The practice of selecting so-called elite jurors prior to 1968 showed_____[A]the inadequacy of antidiscrimination laws[B]the prevalent discrimination against certain races[C]the conflicting ideals in jury selection procedures[D]the arrogance common among the Supreme Court justices38. Even in the 1960s, women were seldom on the jury list in some states because_____[A]they were automatically banned by state laws[B]they fell far short of the required qualifications[C]they were supposed to perform domestic duties[D]they tended to evade public engagement39. After the Jury Selection and Service Act was passed.___[A] sex discrimination in jury selection was unconstitutional and had to be abolished[B] educational requirements became less rigid in the selection of federal jurors[C] jurors at the state level ought to be representative of the entire community[D] states ought to conform to the federal court in reforming the jury system40. In discussing the US jury system, the text centers on_______[A]its nature and problems[B]its characteristics and tradition[C]its problems and their solutions[D]its tradition and developmentPart BDirections:Read the following text and decide whether each of the statements is true or false. Choose T if the statement is true or F it the statement is not true. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET1.(10 points)Copying Birds May Save Aircraft FuelBoth Boeing and Airbus have trumpeted the efficiency of their newest aircraft. The 787 and 350 respectively . Their clever designs and lightweight composites certainly make a difference . But a group of researchers at Stanford University , led by Ilan Kroo , has suggested that airlines could take a more naturalistic approach to cutting jet-fuel use and it would not require them to buy new aircraft.The answer, says Dr Kroo , lies with birds . Since 1914, scientists have known that birds flying in formation-a V-shape-expend less energy. The air flowing over a bird’s wings curls upwards behind the wingtips . a phenomenon known as upwash. Other birds flying in the upwash experience reduced drag, and spend less energy propelling themselves . Peter Lissaman, an aeronautics expert who was formerly at Caltech and the University of Southern California ,has suggested that a formation of 25 birds might enjoy a range increase of 71%.When applied to aircraft, the principles are not substantially different . Dr Kroo and his team modeled what would happen if three passenger jets departing from Los Angeles, San Francisco and I as Vegas were to assemble over Utah, assume an inverted V-formation occasionally change places so all could have a turn in the most favourable positions , and proceed to London. They found that the aircraft consumed as much as 15% less fuel (coupled with a reduction in carbon-dioxide output). Nitrogen-oxide emissions during the cruising portions of the flight fell by around a quarter.There are , of course , knots to be worked out . One consideration is safety , or at least the perception of it . Would passengers feel comfortable travelling in companion? Dr Kroo points out that the aircraft could be separated by several nautical miles , and would not be in the intimate groupings favoured by display teams like the Red Arrows , A passenger peering out of the window might not even see the other planes. Whether the separation distances involved would satisfy air-traffic-control regulations is another matter, although a working group at the International Civil Aviation Organisation has included the possibility of formation flying in a blueprint for new operational guidelines.It remains to be seen how weather conditions affect the air flows that make formation flight more efficient. In zones of increased turbulence, the planes’ wakes will decay more quickly and the effect will diminish. Dr Kroo says this is one of the areas his team will investigate further. It might also be hard for airlines to co-ordinate the departure times and destinations of passenger aircraft in a way that would allow them to gain from formation flight. Cargo aircraft, in contrast, might be easier to reschedule, as might routine military flight.A s it happens, America’s armed forces are on the on case already. Earlier this year the country’s Defence Advanced Research Projects Agency announced plans to pay Boeing to investigate formation flight, though theprogramme has yet to begin . There are reports that some military aircraft flew in formation when they were low on fuel during the Second World War ,but Dr Lissaman says they are unsubstantiated. “My father was an RAF pilot and my cousin the skipper of a Lancaster lost over Berlin,”he adds. So he s hould know.41. Findings of the Stanford University researchers will promote the sales of new Boeing and Airbus aircraft.42. The upwash experience may save propelling energy as well as reducing resistance.43. Formation flight is more comfortable because passengers can not see the other plans.44. The role that weather plays in formation flight has not yet been clearly defined.45. It has been documented that during World War Ⅱ, America’s armed forces once tried formation flight to save fuel.Section Ⅲ Translation46.Directions:In this section there is a text in English .Translate it into Chinese. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET2.(15points)“Suatainability” has become apopular word these days, but to Ted Ning, the concept will always have personal meaning. Having endured apainful period of unsustainability in his own life made itclear to him that sustainability-oriented values must be expressed though everyday action and choice.Ning recalls spending aconfusing year in the late 1990s selling insura nce. He’d been though the dot-com boom and burst and,desperate for ajob,signed on with a Boulder agency.It didin’t go well. “It was a really had move because that’s not my passion,” says Ning, whose dilemma about the job translated, predictably, into a la ck of sales. “I was miserable, I had so much anxiety that I would wake up in the middle of the night and stare at the ceiling. I had no money and needed the job. Everyone said, ‘Just wait, you’ll trun the corner, give it some time.’”Section Ⅳ WritingPart A47. Directions:You have just come back from the U.S. as a member of a Sino-American cultural exchange program. Write a letter to your American colleague to1) Express your thanks for his/her warm reception;2) Welcome him/her to visit China in due course.You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2.Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use “Zhang Wei” instead.Do not write your address. (10 points)Part B48. Directions:In this section, you are asked to write an essay based on the following chart. In your writing, you should1) Interpret the chart and2) Give your comments.You should write at least 150 words.Write your essay on on ANSWER SHEET 2. (15 points)10年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试(英语二)试题标准答案Section I Use of English1.D2.C3.B4.A5.A6.B7.D8.C9.B 10.A 11.C 12.D 13.D 14.A 15.C 16.B 17.D 18.C 19.A 20.BSectionⅡReading comprehensionpartA21.D 22.A 23.B 24.C 25.C 26.A 27.C 28.B 29.D 30.B 31.A 32.A 33.D 34.C 35.B36.D 37.A 38.C 39.B 40.DPart B41.F 42.T 43.F 44.T 45.FSection Ⅲ Translation最近，“承受力”成了一个流行词，但对Ted Ning来说，他对其含义有自己亲身的体会。

二级笔译考试样题答案

二级笔译考试样题答案一、词汇选择（共10分）1. The company has been experiencing a period of rapid growth and expansion, which has led to a significant increase in its ________.A. assetsB. liabilitiesC. equityD. revenue答案：A2. The ________ of the new policy will be discussed at thenext meeting.A. implementationB. executionC. enforcementD. application答案：A3. The ________ of the ancient city has been well preserved, making it a popular tourist destination.A. architectureB. infrastructureC. structureD. construction答案：A4. The ________ of the project was delayed due to bad weather.A. initiationB. commencementC. startD. beginning答案：B5. The ________ of the company's profits has been attributed to the successful marketing campaign.A. increaseB. riseC. growthD. expansion答案：C二、阅读理解（共20分）Passage 1In recent years, there has been a surge in the popularity of eco-friendly products. Consumers are becoming more conscious of the environmental impact of their purchases and are seeking out products that are sustainable and have a lower carbon footprint. This trend has led to an increase in the demand for organic foods, renewable energy sources, and energy-efficient appliances.Questions:6. What has caused the surge in the popularity of eco-friendly products?A. The rise in consumer incomeB. The increase in environmental awarenessC. The decrease in the cost of productionD. The improvement in product quality答案：B7. Which of the following is NOT a result of the trendtowards eco-friendly products?A. Increased demand for organic foodsB. Increased demand for renewable energy sourcesC. Increased demand for energy-efficient appliancesD. Decreased demand for conventional products答案：DPassage 2The digital transformation of businesses has been asignificant driver of economic growth in the past decade. Companies that have embraced digital technologies have seen improvements in efficiency, customer satisfaction, andoverall profitability. However, this transformation also presents challenges, such as data security and the need for continuous innovation to stay competitive.Questions:8. What is a benefit of digital transformation for businesses?A. Improved efficiencyB. Increased costsC. Decreased customer satisfactionD. Reduced profitability答案：A9. What is a challenge faced by businesses during digital transformation?A. Data securityB. Reduced competitionC. Lack of innovationD. Excess capacity答案：A三、翻译（共70分）Translate the following sentences from English to Chinese: 10. The report highlights the importance of earlyintervention in the treatment of mental health issues.答案：报告强调了早期干预在治疗心理健康问题中的重要性。

11月CATTI二级笔译综合能力阅读题

11月CATTI二级笔译综合能力阅读题2010年11月CATTI二级笔译综合能力阅读题点击查看>> 2010年11月CATTI二级笔译实务英译汉真题(1)2010年11月CATTI二级笔译实务英译汉真题(2What is Fluency with Information Technology?Fluency with information technology (abbreviated as FITness) goes beyond traditional notions of computer literacy. As noted in Chapter 1, literacy about information technology might call for a minimal level of familiarity with technological tools like word processors, e-mail, and Web browsers. By contrast, FITness requires that persons understand information technology broadly enough to be able to apply it productively at work and in their everyday lives, to recognize when information technology would assist or impede the achievement of a goal, and to continually adapt to the changes in and advancement of information technology. FITness therefore requires a deeper, more essential understanding and mastery of information technology for information processing, communication, and problem solving than does computer literacy as traditionally defined. (Box 2.1 addresses the difference between literacy and FITness in more specific terms.) Note also that FITness as described in this chapter builds on many other fundamental competencies, such as textual literacy, logical reasoning, and knowledge of civics and society.Information technology is a medium that permits the expression of a vast array of information, ideas, concepts, and messages, and FITness is about effectively exploiting that expressive power. FITness enables a person to accomplish a variety of different tasks using information technology and to develop different ways of accomplishing a given task.FITness comes in degrees and gradations and is tied to different purposes. FITness is thus not an “end state” that is independent of doma in, but rather develops over a lifetime in particular domains of interest involving particular applications. Aspects of FITness can be developed by using spreadsheets for personal or professional budgeting, desktop publishing tools to create or edit documents or Web pages, search engines and database management tools for locating information on the Web or in large databases, and design tools to create visualizations in various scientific and engineering disciplines.The wide variety of contexts in which FITness is relevant is matched by the rapid pace at which information technology evolves. Most professionals today require constant upgrading of technological skills as new tools become useful in their work; they learn new word processing programs, new computer-assisted design environments, or new techniques for searching the World Wide Web. Different applications of informationtechnology emerge rather frequently, both in areas with long traditions of using information and information technology and in areas that are not usually seen as being technology-intensive. Perhaps the major challenge for individuals embarking on the goal of lifelong FITness involves deciding when to learn a new tool, when to change to a new technology, when to devote energy to increasing technological competency, and when to allocate time to other professional activities.The above comments suggest that FITness is personal, graduated, and dynamic. FITness is personal in the sense that individuals evaluate, distinguish, learn, and use new information technology as appropriate to their own sustained personal and professional activities. What is appropriate for an individual depends on the particularapplications, activities, and opportunities for FITness that are associated with the individual’s area of interest or specialization, and what is reasonable for a FIT lawyer or a historian to know and be able to do may well differ from what is required for a FIT scientist or engineer. FITness is graduated in the sense that it is characterized by different levels of sophistication (rather than a single FIT / not-FIT judgment), and it is dynamic in that it requires lifelong learning as information technology evolves.Being Fluent with Information Technology, National Academy Press, Washington, DC.。

2010自考英语二试卷及答案

2010自考英语二试卷及答案1998年4月的自查已经结束，7月的自查正慢慢向我们走来。

至于考生的紧张复习，本网站提供了2010年英语二级自考试卷和答案，希望对考生有所帮助。

红色字体是参考的正确答案。

I .单项选择题1 .他们不会被影响去重复他们是或说奇怪的事情。

到了那里，她生病了。

安妮一出生。

安妮刚学会。

安妮刚出生时。

当3 .所有的_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _都是持续供应的燃油。

a .需要什么b .思想需要c .满足他们的需要。

这就像一个_____。

幻想化石碳时尚直流炉5。

我希望下次我们见面时，你会精神更好。

公元256年至公元前1996年。

________他们追求的是利润。

什么时候7。

该卫星还展示了它如何为生活在难以生存的偏远地区的人们提供帮助。

交通运输研究所(编辑:白天骄)8。

我们只去剧院。

绝对频繁地连续不断地，偶尔地9。

我们可以得出这样的结论:我们练习得越多，我们就会越熟练。

传统第二代C。

结论事实汤姆的父亲直到昨天才回家不写信不写信给c不写信给d不写信2完形填空题(编者:白天骄)1“联合国”这个名字可能是由美国总统富兰克林·罗斯福提出的。

成员国的第一批代表在1942年元旦聚会并签署了一项共同目标宣言。

1944年在敦巴顿橡树园，第11联合会的代表们一起起草了12份提案。

这些建议在1945年4月开始的旧金山国际组织会议上经过13次修改后，终于在1945年6月26日由50个国家签署成为《联合国宪章》。

波兰不是会议的15个成员国，后来签署了宪章，并被列入16个成员国的名单。

直到那年秋天，在中国、法国、苏联、英国和美国以及大多数其他参与国批准并签署《宪章》后，联合国诞生了。

日期是10月24日，现在20日是联合国日。

1.11甲土地乙权力丙军队丁领域2。

3年12个月。

争论，争论，争论。

14 A .被b .接纳决定于c .允许于d .同意于5 .15A。

b代表c代表d代表6。

16甲.原乙.原丙.前丁.正式7。

二级笔译考试样题答案

二级笔译考试样题答案一、词汇替换题1. 请将下列句子中的划线部分替换为同义词。

- 原句：The company's profits have skyrocketed in the past year.- 替换：The company's earnings have dramatically increased in the past year.2. 请将下列句子中的划线部分替换为同义词。

- 原句：She is an expert in the field of linguistics.- 替换：She is a specialist in the domain of language studies.3. 请将下列句子中的划线部分替换为同义词。

- 原句：The new policy has been met with mixed reactions. - 替换：The new policy has been received with varied responses.二、句子翻译题4. 将下列中文句子翻译成英文。

- 中文：随着科技的发展，远程工作变得越来越普遍。

- 英文：With the advancement of technology, remote work is becoming increasingly common.5. 将下列英文句子翻译成中文。

- 英文：The rapid growth of the internet hasrevolutionized the way we communicate.- 中文：互联网的快速增长彻底改变了我们的沟通方式。

三、段落翻译题6. 将下列段落从中文翻译成英文。

- 中文：近年来，随着全球化的加速，跨国公司的业务不断扩张，对多语种翻译的需求也随之增加。

为了满足这一需求，许多公司开始投资于人工智能翻译技术，以提高翻译效率和质量。

- 英文：In recent years, with the acceleration of globalization, the business of multinational companies has been expanding continuously, and the demand for multilingual translation has also increased. To meet this demand, many companies have begun to invest in artificial intelligence translation technology to improve translation efficiency and quality.7. 将下列段落从英文翻译成中文。

英语二笔翻译真题2010年11月

英语二笔翻译真题2010年11月2010年11月英语二级《笔译实务》试题Section 1: English-Chinese Translation（英译汉）Part A Compulsory Translation（必译题）Offshore supply vessels resembling large, floatingflat-backed trucks fill Victoria Dock, unable to findcharters in a sign of the downturn in Britain's oil industry.With UK North Sea oil and gas production 44 percent below its peak, self-styled oil capital ofEurope Aberdeen fears the slowdown is not simply cyclical.The oil industry that at one stage sparked talk of Scotland as "the Kuwait of the West" hasalready outlived most predictions.Tourism, life sciences, and the export of oil services around the world are among Aberdeen'stargeted substitutes for North sea oil and gas -- but for many the biggest prize would be touse its offshore oil expertise to build a renewable energy industry as big as oil.The city aims to use its experience to become a leader in offshore wind, tidal power and carbondioxide capture and storage.Alex Salmond, head of the devolved Scottish government, told a conference in Aberdeen lastmonth the market for wind power could be worth 130 billion pounds, while Scotland could bethe "Saudi Arabia of tidal power.""We're seeing the emergence of an offshore energy market that is comparable in scale to themarket we've seen in offshore oil and gas in the last 40 years," he said.Another area of focus, tourism, has previously been hindered by the presence of oil. Eager toput Aberdeen on the internationaltourist map, local business has strongly backed a plan byU.S. real estate tycoon Donald Trump for a luxury housing and golf project 12 km (8 miles)north of the city, even though it means building on a nature reserve.The city also hopes to reorientate its vibrant oil services industry toward emerging offshore oilcenters such as Brazil. "Just because the production in the North Sea starts to decline doesn'tmean that Aberdeen as a global center alsodeclines," said Robert Collier, Chamber ofCommerce Chief Executive. "That expertise can still stay here and be exported around theworld."Part B Optional Translation（二选一题）Topic 1 （选题一）We mark the passing of 800 years, and that is indeed a remarkable span for any institution.But history is never an even-flowing stream, and the most remarkable thing about modernCambridge has been its enormous growth over the past half century. Since I came up as anundergraduate in 1961 the student population has more than doubled. More students havemeant more teachers, and, even more significantly, more scholars devoted solely to research:every category has more than doubled in numbers. This huge increase has been partly absorbed by an expansion of the colleges: they all have more students and more Fellows thanthey did 50 years ago; and, since 1954, no fewer than 11 of the 31 colleges are either brand new foundations, or have been conjured up as new creations from existing but quite differentbodies.From being a university primarily driven by undergraduate education, Cambridge's reputation isnow overwhelmingly tied to its research achievements, which can be simply representedbythe fact that more than three-quarters of its current annual income is devoted to research.This has brought not just new laboratories but new buildings to house whole faculties anddepartments: in the mid-20th century few faculties had a physical manifestation beyond,perhaps, a library and a couple of administrative offices.Cambridge attracts the best students and academics because they find the University and thecolleges stimulating and enjoyable places in which to live and work. The students are thrown inwith similarly able minds, learning as much from each other as from their teachers; the good senior academics know better than to be too hierarchical or to cut themselves off from intellectual criticism and debate.One generation dismisses another: not even Erasmus or Newton, Darwin or Keynes stand unscathed by the passage of time; nor can we be but humbled, especially in our day when somuch information is so easily accessible, by thevast store of knowledge which we can approach but never really control. Our library and museum collections bring us into contactwith many lives lived in the past. They serve as symbols of the continuity of learning, or the diversity of views, of an obligation to wrestle with fact and argument, to come to our ownconclusions, and in turn to be accountable for our findings. The real quest is not for knowledge,but for understanding.。

上海市中级笔译第二阶段口试真题2010年9月

上海市中级笔译第二阶段口试真题2010年9月(总分：5.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、口语题(总题数：1，分数：1.00)1.Topic: Can shopping vouchers increase consumption?Questions for Reference:1. To stimulate consumption, which is more effective, tax reduction or shopping vouchers?2. What are the major purposes of issuing shopping vouchers?3. In what way can the shopping vouchers best be distributed? Shall every citizen be given the same amount of shopping vouchers or should the vouchers be limited to the lower-income people only?（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________正确答案：(略)解析：二、口译题(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Part ADirections: In this part of the test, you will hear 2 passages in English. After you have heard each paragraph, interpret it into Chinese. Start interpreting at the signal... and stop it at the singal... You may take notes while you are listening. Remember you will hear the passages ONLY ONCE. Now let's begin Part A with the first passage.(总题数：1，分数：2.00)1.Passage 11.Passage 1（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________正确答案：(至于我们美国人，你们会感到我们太看重个人主义，太看重个人利益，这样可能会牺牲集体的利益，甚至会损害社会的和谐。

2010年下半年二级笔译英译汉试题

CATTI 2010年下半年二级笔译英译汉试题文章红字是试题原文Passage OneScottish City Prepares for Life Beyond OilBy REUTERSPublished: October 21, 2009ABERDEEN, SCOTLAND —Offshore supply vessels resembling large, floating trucks fill Victoria Dock, unable to find charters, in a sign of the downturn in the British oil industry.With British North Sea production of oil and natural gas 44 percent below its peak, Aberdeen, the self-styled oil capital of Europe, fears the slowdown is not simply cyclical.An oil industry that at one s tage inspired talk of Scotland as “the Kuwait of the West” has already outlived most predictions, having enjoyed a hydrocarbon heyday of almost five decades. As it prepares for the end of oil, Aberdeen is remaking itself, putting its hopes in renewable energy and tourism.“I’m steering my kids away from anything to do with oil,” said John Irvine, a truck driver who used to work on the rigs. “It’s not going to last forever.”The oil industry has been good to Aberdeen. BMWs and Mercedes-Benzes are plentiful in the traffic jams that clog the roads at rush hour, and Jaguar, Aston Martin and Porsche sports cars with personalized license plates are evident in the city, which has about 200,000 inhabitants. The North Sea industry, with current output of 2.5 million barrels of oil equivalent per day, pays more to the British government’s coffers than any other industry, is one of the highest spenders on goods and services and is an important employer.About 40 percent of the Aberdeen area’s economy —worth £10.5 billion, or $17.2 billion —relies on the oil industry, according to the Aberdeen and Grampian Chamber of Commerce.Oil has pushed unemployment down in the Granite City, as Aberdeen is known for the hard rock from which most of its buildings are constructed, to less than half the British average, which is 7.9 percent.But with Brent crude at about $80 a barrel, little more than half of its peak last year, the harbor is quieter now, the port authority says.Dockworkers say some ship owners are so pessimistic about getting charters soon that they will not even pay to dock at the harbor. A dozen vessels are moored a few kilometers off Aberdeen’s sandy coast. Normally, one might see one or two, oil workers said.As big oil companies like BP and Royal Dutch Shell have cut spending, Aberdeen has seen hundreds of layoffs, and for the first time in years, engineering graduates from local universities have struggled to find jobs.The employment situation has resulted in vacant shops on Union Street, the main thoroughfare, while bars, restaurants and taxi drivers say business is slacker than a year ago.Tourism, life sciences and the export of oil services around the world are among Aberdeen’s preferred substitutes for North Sea oil and natural gas.But for many, the biggest prize would be to use its offshore oil expertise to build a renewable energy industry as big as oil.The city wants to use its experience to become a leader in offshore wind, tidal power and carbon dioxide capture and storage.It hopes those industries will receive a lift from global climate change talks in Copenhagen in December.“We have to harness that expertise and turn Aberdeen into the energy capital of Europe and not just the oil capital of Europe,” said Mike Rumbles, a member of the Scottish Parlia ment from West Aberdeenshire.It is a broad marketing shift for the city.Alex Salmond, head of the Scottish government, told a conference in Aberdeen last month that the market for wind power could be worth £130 billion, while Scotland could be the “Saudi Arabia of tidal power.”“We’re seeing the emergence of an offshore energy market that is comparable in scale to the market we’ve seen in offshore oil and gas in the last 40 years,” he said.Tidal power remains at the testing stage, and the economic viability of new offshore wind projects has been questioned even by current investors like the German-owned utility E.ON.A carbon capture and storage industry could also be developed, filling depleted North Sea oil fields with carbon dioxide.People in the oil industry doubt that any Copenhagen treaty would provide sufficient incentives to make this activity profitable.Another area of focus, tourism, has previously been hindered by the presence of oil.“The hoteliers got lazy,” said a taxi driver, Jim Moir. “Th ey were full Monday to Friday with oil workers, so they never bothered attracting tourists.”Eager to put Aberdeen on the international tourist map, businesses have strongly backed a plan by the U.S. real estate tycoon Donald Trump for a luxury housing and golf project 12 kilometers, or 8 miles, north of the city, even though it means building on a nature reserve.Mr. Trump is locked in a dispute with landowners who refuse to sell to him. He hopes the local authorities will, if necessary, invoke compulsory purchase powers to facilitate the development. The city also wants to reorient its vibrant oil services industry toward emerging offshore oil centers like Brazil.“Just because the production in the North Sea starts to decline doesn’t mean that Aberdeen as a global center also declines,” said Robert Collier, the chamber of commerce’s chief executive. “That expertise can still stay here and be exported around the world.”Local companies plying their wares to international buyers at the Offshore Europe exhibition and conference last month said the shift in emphasis was under way.“Ninety percent of our production is exported,” said Ian McCormick, international managing director for Equalizer, standing beside a yellow mock-up pipeline to which were attached samples of his company’s stainless steel clamps.When the oil finally does run out, the decommissioning of hundreds of offshore platforms and thousands of pipelines will be an opportunity in itself.The infrastructure will need to be disassembled and returned to shore for disposal, creating a market worth at least £23 billion, estimates Oil and Gas UK, an industry lobbying group.“It could be the beginning of a whole new industry,” said Lewis MacDonald, a member of the Scottish Parliament representing Aberdeen Central.Passage Two‘The real quest is not for knowledge, but for understanding…’GORDON JOHNSONWe mark the passing of 800 years, and that is indeed a remarkable span for any institution. But history is never an even-flowing stream, and the most remarkable thing about modern Cambridge has been its enormous growth over the past halfcentury. Since I came up as an undergraduate in 1961 the student population has more than doubled(from just under 9,000 to just over 18,000), graduate students now constitute about a third of the whole; just as notable, around half of all students are now women. More students have meant more teachers, and, even more significantly, more scholars devoted solely to research: every category has more than doubled in numbers. This huge increase has been partly absorbed by an expansion of the colleges: they all have more students and more Fellows than they did 50 years ago; and, since 1954, no fewer than 11 of the 31 colleges are either brand new foundations, such as New Hall, Churchill, Darwin, Wolfson, Clare Hall, Lucy Cavendish and Robinson, or have been conjured up as new creations from existing but quite different bodies, like Homerton, Hughes Hall, Fitzwilliam and St Edmund’s.From being a university primarily driven by undergrad uate education, Cambridge’s reputation is now overwhelmingly tied to its research achievements, which can be simply represented by the fact that more than three-quarters of its current annual income is devoted to research. This has brought not just new laboratories but new buildings to house whole faculties and departments: in the mid-20th century few faculties(and those mainly in the sciences) had a physical manifestation beyond, perhaps, a library and a couple of administrative offices. As lateas the 1960s, the History Faculty existed as the Seeley Library (then in the Cockerell Building beside the Senate House, now the Caius College Library) and a tiny bolt-hole in Green Street presided over by the formidable Miss Box. Now it has a remarkable (if controversial) building on the Sidgwick Site, surrounded by buildings for Law, Music, Divinity, English, Philosophy, Criminology, Classics, Modern and Medieval Languages, and Asian and Middle Eastern Studies.Physically, the University has burst out of the old town centre: the University Library, Selwyn and Newnham no longer form outposts on the western frontier, since beyond and between them lie new colleges and scientific departments relocated to West Cambridge from old placesin the city centre; Peterhouse, Engineering and Chemistry no longer stand sentinel to the south, since distant on the road to Colchester lies Addenbrooke’s Hospital (itself moved from Trumpington Street) with the Clinical School and a vast array of bio-scientific research laboratories and institutes.Growth on this scale, in so few decades, is unprecedented in the long history of the University. It has not been without its discomforts; we should not underestimate the ferocity of battles fought to get to where we are. It is simply not true, though it is often alleged, thatUniversity politics are vicious because little is at stake. It is a highly controversial thing to decide what (and who) to teach, and which frontier of knowledge to advance upon next and where to make the investments that might support these decisions; it is hard also to defineour role in the affairs of the state and its many agencies, or our relationto business and industry, to alumni and other well-meaning friends; and it is difficult to determine just where to strike the bargains that bring in the resources needed for the University’s work. It is because the University is so relevant and important to our society’s well-being that it is the focus of so much attention, and a place of real struggle for power and influence.However, Cambridge has prospered and stands amongst the foremost universities of the world. Despite the change of scale, Cambridge has retained the quality of a great university: a placewhere enquiry is encouraged and tested and where critical thought is the order of the day. The University brings together a wide range of disciplines and, loosely, pursues them all. There has been no plan to catch them up in some great common, coherent and directed search project that would solve the problems of the age, though some of what is learnt here is directly relevant to work beyond the University, and some of what is discovered has immediate practical application. For all of its size, Cambridge is still a collection of colleges and departments, separate and overlapping disciplines. The parish government is often criticized for being a bit anarchic, and this at times frustrates some within and annoys authorities without. But it remains fundamentally a place of individual scholarly creativity and clear educational purpose.Cambridge attracts the best students and academics because they find the University and the colleges stimulating and enjoyable places in which to live and work. The students are thrown in with similarly able minds, learning as much from each other as from their teachers; the good senior academics know better than to be too hierarchical or to cut themselves off from intellectual criticism and debate.We so easily believe that what we spend our waking hours thinking about must somehow be an advance on what is known or understood already.Earlier generations have thought the same. They were sure that they were right as well. In the sciences there is often agreed progress, but even here there will be conflicting ideas and uncertainties. One generation dismisses another: not even Erasmus or Newton, Darwin or Keynes stand unscathed by the passage of time; nor can we be but humbled, especially in our day when so much information is so easily accessible, by the vast store of knowledge which we can approach but never really control. Our library and museum collections bring us into contact with many lives lived in the past. They serve as symbols of the continuity of learning, or the diversity of views, of an obligation to wrestle with fact and argument, to come to our own conclusions, and in turn to be accountable for our findings. The real quest is not for knowledge, but for understanding.It is remarkable that Cambridge should have had a University for so long. We take it for granted. We assume that Cambridge has always been an important centre of learning, and that what has been will be forever.But history tells us otherwise. The University and the colleges have a chequered past. More often than not, however, teachers and students here have been conscientious and followed their vocation. They have sought out and promoted knowledge, and been the guardians of much that is good in our culture. They have remained close to the interests and needs of our society at large, asking hard questions, challenging established ways of thinking, and incorporating new understanding in what is taught and learned. We celebrate a great history; but we can look forward to a future only by knowing what it is that makes the genius of the place.Gordon Johnson is President of Wolfson College and Provost of the Gates Cambridge Trust.。

2010下半年英语二级《笔译综合》样卷及答案

全国翻译专业资格（水平）考试英语二级《笔译综合》试卷Section 1: Vocabulary and Grammar (60 points)This section consists of 3 parts. Read the directions for each part before answering the questions.Part 1 Vocabulary SelectionIn this part, there are 20 incomplete sentences. Below each sentence, there are 4 choices marked by letters A, B, C and D respectively. Choose the word or phrase which best completes each sentence. There is only ONE right answer. Blacken the corresponding letter as required on your Machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.1. All the students of this university have free _____ to the Internet via a broadband connection.A.acessB.entranceC.permissionD.passageway2. It is rumored that Mr. Smith, the grandson of the founder of the university and a professor of philosophy, will be _____ as president in March.A.indulgedB.inauguratedC.inducedD.integrated3. When I visited the area after the hurricane, I became _____ by what I saw and heard there.A.stressedpressedC.impressedD.distressed4. When the actor appeared on the stage again, shouts and cheers broke _____ from the crowd and continued for about five minutes.A.inB.offC.forthD.up5. The _____ value of a coin, i.e. the value of the metal in it, is usually less than the value of what it will buy.A.externalB.interiorC.intrinsicD.extrinsic6. Hotels and restaurants are an _____ part of the city, without which the tourist industry could not exist.A.additionalB.inseparableC.accommodatedD.integral7. We can find a full _____ of his political belief in his newly-published books.positionB.expositionC.depositionD.disposition8. I don't think you can persuade him ; he always _____ to his own principles.A.adaptsB.devotesC.adheresD.dedicates9. In the advanced course of our training, students must take objective tests at monthly _____.A.distanceB.lengthC.gapsD.intervals10. Going around at the top of the mountain, we watched the fog _____ from the valley below; it seemed that we had entered a fairyland.A.descendB.decreaseC.ariseD.ascend11. Richard has an _____ manner, although he comes from a middle-class family background and has received his education at Cambridge.A.abruptB.absurdC.activeD.agreeable12. The history teacher told us the ring was a piece of _____ treasure because it had been handeddown from an ancient king.A.invaluableB.valuedC.previousD.precise13. In the last few years, the _____ of regular folks going under the cosmetic knife skyrocketed.A.amountB.figuresC.groupD.number14. He was too busy to do any exercise at all until he turned 58. And he is much better _____ now than ever before.A.formB.conditionC.lookD.shape15. All of us in research have focused on a drug that is so _____ that it can change brain chemistry.A.monstrousB.powerfulC.vigorousD.heavy16. He was only a _____ ruler of the country, the real one was his mother, who actually handled state affairs and possessed the power of making decisions.A.obliviousB.notableC.obscureD.nominal17. _____ that she is interested in children, I am sure that teaching is the right profession for her.A.HoweverB.ProvidedC.GivenD.Unless18. She had _____ opportunity to exercise leadership, which she has dreamed of since she was young.A. utterB.utmostC.ambitiousD.ample19. They intend to remove the _____ rules and regulations that are discouraging foreign investment in their country.A.henpeckedB.garnishedD.onerous20. The Central Bank is interested in how much money is in _____ in the economy.A.circulationB.circleC.reserveD.rotationPart 2 Vocabulary ReplacementThis part consists of 20 sentences. In each of them one word or phrase is underlined, and below each, there are 4 choices marked by letters A, B, C and D respectively. Choose the word or phrase that can replace the underlined part without causing any grammatical error or changing the basic meaning of the sentence. There is only ONE right answer. Blacken the corresponding letter as required on your Machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.21. Tom felt sure he would get the post, but he was never even considered for it. That was a smack in the eye for him.A.nothing seriousB.nothing importantC.a humiliating rebuffD.an expected disappointment22. Our neighbors are so reserved and unfriendly that they never speak to us.A.aloofB.relievedC.airyD.resistant23. Security men believe the tit-for-tat murders were the result of the bombing which had occurred in the city center.A.furiousB.retaliatoryC.malevolentD.chain24. The conclusion reached at the workshop was that the manufacturing process was obsolete.A.dilapidatedB.extantC.archaicD.outdated25. Some people wish to amend the law so that children must stay at school until they are 16.A.gratifyB.pacifyC.rectifyD.verify26. Prof. Clark disregarded the warning from his colleagues and continued his research work.A.ignoredB.deploredC.explored C.implored27. Some observers say the recent coup of a military government in that country will lead to anarchy.A.monarchB.maniacC.disorderD.discipline28. As a conductor, Leonard Bernstein was famous for his intensely vigorous and exuberant style.A.enticingB.enthusiasticC.extravertD.exultant29. His peers admonished him that he had to increase his study time as the final examination was around the corner.A.astonishedB.warnedC.threatenedD.alarmed30. Isolated cases of disaffection – or harbingers of a mass cross-border movement that threatens Europe’s economic stability? The question is pressing.A.singB.forerunnerC.messengerD.vanguard31. Justices of the Peace have jurisdiction over the trials of some civil suits and of criminal cases involving minor offenses.A.supremacyB.authorityC.guidanceD.administration32. What these young men and women need to do now is to develop a mentality to reconcile their ideals with reality.A.interactB.interfaceC.harmonizeD.pair33. The search for eternal youth is no less fervent now than it was 2,000 years ago. People are trying practically anything.A.prolongedB.externalC.protractedD.excessive34. SD Memory Cards are versatile high-capacity storage cards that are extremely small - about the size of a postage stamp.A.adaptableB.adoptableC.variableD.veritable35. This book comes as a revelation to one who was nourished in his youth on the englightened English socialitst tradition represented by George Bernard Shaw.A.replacementB.discoveryC.representationD.resolution36. Johnson was so absorbed in his novel that he forgot about his dinner cooking in the oven.A.obtainedB.enlivenedC.obligedD.engrossed37. The man we met this morning grows many kinds of plants in his garden, most of which are flowers including succulent and cacti.A.risesB.raisesC.plantsD.plows38. The scientist contested the assumption of previous scientists that the fate of human beings could not be predicated.A.suspendedB.rejectedC.suspectedD.repulsed39. In the last 10 years we have all witnessed an impressive growth in our knowledge about environment.A.impreativeB.observableC.importantD.obvious40. In their culture and in their eyes success all too often means imply outdoing other people by virtue of achievement judged by some single scale – income or honors.A.outfittingB.outbiddingC.outragingD.outshiningPart 3 Error CorrectionThis part consists of 20 sentences. In each of them there is an underlined part that indicates a grammatical error, and below each, there are 4 choices marked by letters A, B, C and D respectively. Choose the word or phrase that can replace the underlined part so that the error is corrected. There is only ONE right answer. Blacken the corresponding letter as required on your Machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.41. The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see be carrying out next year.A.carry outB.carrying outC.carried outD.to carry out42. The examiner failed some candidates, and 15 of them being students without work experience.A. 15 beingB.among 15 wereC.15 of them wereD.15 of whom were43. Despite of their opposition, he went his own way and started his preparations.A.Despiting ofB.Despited ofC.DespiteD.Despited44. Network television, magazine, and direct mail –that will be the big gainers in advertisingA.whichB.theseC.theyD.all45. I hear that he knows four languages, such as Chinese, French, German and Japanese.A.for example,ly,C.likeD.as46. The more people you know, the less you have time to see them but you can always reach them on the Internet.A. less you have the timeB. the less time you haveC. the less time do you haveD. less the time you have47. Having heard the weather forecast, the boat was stopped in the harbour.A. the boat did not sail out ofB. they did not sail out ofC. the boat remained inD. they were stopped in48. Once they had fame, fortune, secure futures; now all that left is utter poverty.A.that all is leftB.all that is leftC.all what is leftD.all which is left49. Mary must have received my mail; otherwise she could have replied before now.A.Mary shouldB.Mary ought toC.Mary shouldn’tD.Mary couldn’t50. We will ship the goods on Monday according to your order less we hear from you by Friday.A.neverthelessB.unlessC.lestD.until51. When this agreement if signed, a circular will be prepared for given to our customers.A.given outB.given off5/13C.dispatchesD.distribution52. It is now clear that no such creatures as vampires have been seen and none been found in the world.A. was foundB.are foundC.have been foundD.have been found out53. My company is Excellent Kitchenware Company, there nearby is a big market for kitchenware in our city.A.there nearB.and there nearC.there nearlyD.and nearby there54. The government has hardly taken measures to crack down on there crimes when new ones occurred.A. Hardly had the government takenB. The government took hardlyC. Hardly the government had takenD. The government is hardly taking55. The general manager demanded that the job will be completed before the summer holidays.A.would beB.must beC.beD.had to be56. Our company will provide you with free transportation as you requested and charge the installation.A.installation with chargeB.in the installationC.freely installationD.installation in charge57. Doctors warned sun-starved tourists who received too much sunlight that they were at serious risk than others of contracting skin cancer.A.with more seriousB.at seriouslyC.at more seriousD.seriously with58. We have sent an order slip to all that we have reason to believe are interested in our books.A. who are believed by usB. with who we have reason to believeC. who we have reason to believeD. with whom we believe59. As an English major student at one of the most famous universities in China, I strongly believe that business English is more practical than other fields.A.a student in EnglishB.a major English studentC.an English majorD.an English student major60. The engineers are going through with their highway project, in spite that the expenses have risen.A.just becauseB.even thoughC.as thoughD.now thatSection 2: Reading Comprehension (30 points)In this section you will find after each of the passage a number of questions or unfinished statements about the passage, each with 4 (A, B, C and D) choices to answer the question or complete the statement. You must choose the one which you think fits best. Blacken the corresponding letter as required on your Machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.Question 61-70 are based on the following passage.Next door to a lunch counter advertising a grilled cheese special is a gallery where Van Gogh’s ―Irises‖ shares the walls with Monet landscapes and works from the Italian Renaissance.They are all fakes. They are all for sale. ―A forger? Yes. We’re expert forgers you could say. But we make no attempt to deceive. We don’t pretend to sell original works. We have all the thrill of being a forger, but no risk.‖With prices for original art rising into the tens of millions, some art lovers are turning tohigh-quality copies done by expert artists. In addition, some museums confronting skyrocketing insurance premiums are considering stashing the authentic pieces and displaying a reproduction.No major U.S. art museum is known to be displaying reproductions in place of originals. Such a practice would raise questions about why people visit museums in the first place. But museum security has become a growing concern.Bids for paintings have climbed at auction houses. But prices for fakes run only from about $1,000 to $10,000 for paintings, depending on the size and complexity of the original.In Europe where copying masterpieces is centuries-old craft, painters often use pigments and brushes typical of the period of the original. The painting is placed in a frame closely resembling its era. Sometimes the gallery purchases 17th century furniture to use the wood for frames. The final step is the antiquing proce ss using chemicals and heat and humidity. ―We can make special types of cracks from little spider-web types to long splits.‖61. This passage is most probably taken out of a/an _____.A. court confession by a person suspected of making fakesB. commercial advertisement for a new profession in artsC. feature story in a newspaper, magazine, or a web pageD. industrial profile for a museum promoting a new show62. The word ―Monet‖ underlined in Paragraph 1 refers to a _____.A. master artistB. master forgerC. famous dealerD. rich collector63. Both quotes in the passage are probably from a person who is a/an _____.A. master artistB. art piece forgerC. museum directorD. artworks thief64. The third sentence in the last paragraph implies that the gallery _____.A. carries 17th-century furniture as sideline exhibitsB. is part of the process in making fake paintingsC. provides the space only for forgers to produce fakesD. manufactures wooden frames for paintings as a sideline65. Obviously, the phrase ―expert artists‖ underlined in Paragraph 3 refers to people who are _____.A.B. painters decorating the museumsC. makers of faked famous paintingsD. experts who can identify forgeries66. ―Such a practice‖ underlined in Paragraph 4 refers to the display of _____.A. forged works in place of genuine artworkB. original productions in place of their copiesC. both fake productions and original paintingsD. real reproductions and original masterpieces67. According to the passage, the word ―stashing‖ underlined in Paragraph 3 is synonymous with _____.A. slashingB. smashingC. stackingD. storing68. As repeatedly stated in the passage _____ was certainly the major reason why forgeries are sold.A. insuranceB. securityC. qualityD. price69. The word ―copies‖ underlined in Paragraph 3 does NOT refer to _____.A. fakesB. forgesC. reproductionsD. non-authentic works70. According to this passage, which of the following statements is true?A. The works on display are meant to sell as originals.B. The works meant to sell as originals are on display.C. Here you may purchase a masterpiece for $1,000.D. Here one may buy fast food any time and eat it here.Questions 71-80 are based on the following passage.No revolutions in technology have as visibly marked the human condition as those in transport. Moving goods and people, they have opened continents, transformed living standards, spread diseases, fashions and folk around the world. Yet technologies to transport ideas and information across long distances have arguably achieved even more: they have spread knowledge, the basis of economic growth.The most basic of all these, the written word, was already ancient by 1000. By then China had, in basic form, the printing press, using carved woodblocks. But the key to its future, movable metal type, was four centuries away. The Chinese were hampered by their thousands of ideograms. Even so, they quite soon invented the primitive movable type, made of clay, and by the 13th century they had the movable wooden type. But the real secret was the use of an easily cast metal.When it came, Europe –aided by simple Western alphabets –leapt forward with it. One reason why Asia’s civilizations, in 1000 far ahead of Europe’s, then fell behind was that they lacked the technology to reproduce and diffuse ideas. On Johannes Gutenberg’s invention in the 1440s were built not jus t the Reformation and the Enlightenment, but Europe’s agricultural and industrial revolutions too.Yet information technology on its own would not have got far. Literally: better transport technology too was needed. That was not lacking, but there the big change came much later: it was railways and steamships that first allowed the speedy, widespread dissemination of news and ideas over long distances. And both technologies in turn required people and organizations to develop their use. They got them: for individual communication. The postal service: for wider publics, the publishing industry.Throughout the 19th century, the postal service formed the bedrock of national and international communications. Crucial to its growth had been the introduction of the stamp, combined with a low price, and payment by the sender. Britain put all three of these ideas into effect in 1840.By then, the world’s mail was taking off. It changed the world. Merchants in America’s eastern cities used it to gather information, enraging far-off cotton growers and farmers, who found that the New Yorkers knew more about crop prices than they did. In the American debate about slavery, it offered abolitionists a low-cost way to spread their views, just as later technologies have cut the cost and widened the scope of political lobbying. The post helped too to integrate the American nation, tying new newly opened west to the settled east.Everywhere, its development drove and was driven by those of transport. In Britain, travelers rode by mail coach to posting inns. In America, the post subsidized road-building. Indeed, argues Dan Schiller, a professor of communications at the University of California, it was the connection between the post, transport and national integration that ensured that the mail remained a public enterprise even in the United States, its first and only government-run communications medium, and until at least the 1870s, the biggest organization in the land.The change has not only been one of speed and distance, though, but of audience. About 200 years ago, a man’s words could reach no further than his voice, not just in range but in whom they reached. But, for some purposes, efficient communication is mass communication, regular, cheap, quick and reliable. When it became possible, it transformed the world.71. According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?A. Transporting goods and people is the most important technology in the history of mankind.B. Technology in transporting goods and people has changed human conditions more than anything else.C. Technology in spreading information has changed human conditions more than transportation technology.D. Technology in spreading information can’t change the economic development of society.72. Accord ing to the passage, Asian civilizations, which were ahead of Europe’s, fell behind because _____.A. Asian languages were more difficult to learn.B. European languages had simple alphabetsC. they didn’t have the technology to spread ideasD. people’s com munication skills were not good enough73. Johannes Gutenberg’s invention probably refers to _____.A. printing technologyB. transportation technologyC. the Reformation and the EnlightenmentD. industrial revolution74. The word ―dissemination‖ underli ned in Paragraph 4 means _____.A. plantationB. distributionC. receptionD. Direction75. Which of the following statements is NOT true about the postal service ?A. American abortionists were not happy about it.B. The stamp was invented in Britain.C. It helped the independence of America.D. In the 1840s it was the major means of national communications in Britain.76. What can the postal service do?A. Collecting market prices of goods.B. Spreading ideas at a low cost.C. Promoting political lobbying.D. All of the above.77. In the United States, the postal service belongs to _____.A. a private companyB. the governmentC. road-building enterprisesD. national integration78. The word ―its development‖ underlined in Paragraph 7 refers to the development of _____.A. the American nationB. the mail coachC. road buildingD. the postal service79. The words ―the change‖ underlined in Paragraph 8 refer to _____.A. time changeB. technology changeC. change in spreading ideasD. change of human abilities80. Which of the following statements is NOT true about mass communication?A. It can reach no further than human voice.B. It can reach a large audience.C. It is rapid and efficient.D. It can be trusted.Questions 81-90 are based on the following passage.Is test anxiety destructive? Can we make test anxiety work for us? The answer to both of these questions is yes. Test anxiety often interferes with student performance but this same test anxiety, if channeled correctly, can help improve performance.In order to lessen the destructive elements of test anxiety, the approach should be to develop improved confidence and knowledge. As your knowledge of the course material increases, your confidence in your ability to succeed will increase. As your confidence increases, your anxiety will go down, allowing your knowledge to come through more efficiently. The way you prepare for a test can reduce anxiety during the test.You will be surprised how confident you will feel if you know the material. Studies of memory show if you want to be able to recall information from text or lecture you have to review that material several times. It is important to know your own abilities and operate accordingly. If you know that you learn best by listening, prepare a tape of significant material and listen to the tape.Study partners or study groups are often useful for self-testing. Experience in stressful situations tends to lessen anxiety in those situations. One way to help yourself retrieve material is through the use of mnemonic codes. Learn a code that lets you remember complex material. Developing an outline for an essay question that you know will be on the test or memorizing a formula are forms of code development.Students are often frustrated by the sheer volume of material that has to be studied in college. Many instructors conduct reviews, give hints, identify what is important to study, use handouts or overhead transparency outlines. These materials should be at the top of your study list. If the instructor took the time to identify them, you should assume that they will play an important part of the test. While knowledge acquired during test preparation can help reduce anxiety, it is another thing to take the test itself. Following are a few suggestions to help reduce anxiety during the test.When I arrive at a test, I often find students flipping test pages at the last minute trying to cram it all in at the end. You would be better off trying to relax, meditating a little, and clearing your mind to allow yourself the ability to concentrate on the question that are coming.As soon as the instructor gives you the signal to start, dump out formulas, codes, outlinesfrom your memory onto the test answer sheets so that you will not have to worry about whether you will remember the codes long enough until you get to the appropriate test question.You can build your confidence if you go through the test and answer all of the questions that you know first. Go back and work on those questions that need greater analysis, or that need to be worked out or need to be guessed at and your anxiety will not kick in until later in the test.For those of you whose anxiety increases as study and preparation increase, your goal should be to start concentrating on things that take your mind off the test, i.e., television, books, hobbies, movies, etc. Meditation and aerobic exercise have proven to be very useful methods for reducing undesirable effects of stress.The solution to reducing the destructive influences of stress is to plan to study. Map out a schedule of when you will study each day. Identify the specific topics that you will study each day. Identify the areas of the material that you have had problems with and study those. Your plan should include reading the text material, reviewing notes and homework assignments, identifying material that needs further explanation, developing codes for memory material and testing yourself. Once you have studied adequately, your confidence will be fairly high, your knowledge will be satisfactory to do well on the test and the stomach butterflies will help you focus on the task at hand.I’d wish you good luck on finals, but you and I both kno w that the more effectively you study, the luckier you will get.81. The word ―channeled‖ underlined in Paragraph 1 means _____.A. directedB. usedC. runD. passed82. Which of the following statements is NOT mentioned as a good side of the test anxiety?A. It can help improve performance if channeled correctly.B. It motivates us to study and prepare for exam.C. It can help us to concentrate.D. It can always ensure a good score in the test.83. What is the relationship between knowledge and confidence and test anxiety?A. As your knowledge of the course material increases, your confidence in your ability to succeed will increase.B. As your test anxiety increases, your knowledge and confidence will increase.C. As your confidence increases, your anxiety will go down, allowing your knowledge to come through more effectively.D. Both A and C.84. Which of the following test preparation ways cannot help one reduce anxiety during the test?A. You should know your own abilities and operate accordingly and learn as much as you can.B. Study partners or study groups are useful for self-testing.C. You can retrieve materials by using mnemonic codes.D. You should pay more attention to the materials identified by the teacher.85. What should be at the top of your study list when you prepare a test?A. The most complex materials.B. The questions asked by students.C. The materials reviewed and hints given by the teacher.D. The materials mastered by most students.86. The suggestions to help reduce anxiety during the test are _____.A. relaxing, mnemonic codes and easy questions firstB. relaxing, dumping and easy questions firstC. relaxing, easy questions first and extreme anxietyD. aerobic exercise, relax and dumping87. According to the passage, useful means for reducing undesirable effects of stress are _____.A. knowledge and confidenceB. learning ability and instructor’s hintsC. meditation and aerobic exerciseD. rest and meditation88. The author’s attitude towar d reducing the test anxiety is _____.A. negativeB. positive。

2010考研英语二翻译真题、参考答案和来源分析唐静

宁回忆了在上个世纪90年代末期的某一年，他卖保险，那是一种浑浑噩噩的生活。在经历了网络经济的兴盛和衰败之后，他非常渴望得到一份工作，于是和一家博德的代理公司签了合约。
It didn't go well. "It was a really bad move because that's not my passion," says Ning, whose dilemma about the job translated, predictably, into a lack of sales. "I was miserable. I had so much anxiety that I would wake up in the middle of the night and stare at the ceiling. I had no money and needed the job. Everyone said,” Just wait, you'll turn the corner, give it some time.''
当今，“可持续性”已经成为了一个流行的词语。但是，对特德宁来说，它对这个词有着自身的体会。在忍受了一段痛苦的、难以为继的生活之后，他清楚地认识到，以可持续发展为导向的生活价值必须通过日常的活动和做出的选择表现出来。

Ning recalls spending a confusing year in the late 1990s selling insurance. He'd been through the dot-com boom and burst and, desperate for a job, signed on with a Boulder agency.

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全国翻译专业资格（水平）考试英语二级《笔译综合》试卷Section 1: Vocabulary and Grammar (60 points)This section consists of 3 parts. Read the directions for each part before answering the questions.Part 1 Vocabulary SelectionIn this part, there are 20 incomplete sentences. Below each sentence, there are 4 choices marked by letters A, B, C and D respectively. Choose the word or phrase which best completes each sentence. There is only ONE right answer. Blacken the corresponding letter as required on your Machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.1. All the students of this university have free _____ to the Internet via a broadband connection.A.acessB.entranceC.permissionD.passageway2. It is rumored that Mr. Smith, the grandson of the founder of the university and a professor of philosophy, will be _____ as president in March.A.indulgedB.inauguratedC.inducedD.integrated3. When I visited the area after the hurricane, I became _____ by what I saw and heard there.A.stressedpressedC.impressedD.distressed4. When the actor appeared on the stage again, shouts and cheers broke _____ from the crowd and continued for about five minutes.A.inB.offC.forthD.up5. The _____ value of a coin, i.e. the value of the metal in it, is usually less than the value of what it will buy.A.externalB.interiorC.intrinsicD.extrinsic6. Hotels and restaurants are an _____ part of the city, without which the tourist industry could not exist.A.additionalB.inseparableC.accommodatedD.integral7. We can find a full _____ of his political belief in his newly-published books.positionB.expositionC.depositionD.disposition8. I don't think you can persuade him ; he always _____ to his own principles.A.adaptsB.devotesC.adheresD.dedicates9. In the advanced course of our training, students must take objective tests at monthly _____.A.distanceB.lengthC.gapsD.intervals10. Going around at the top of the mountain, we watched the fog _____ from the valley below; it seemed that we had entered a fairyland.A.descendB.decreaseC.ariseD.ascend11. Richard has an _____ manner, although he comes from a middle-class family background and has received his education at Cambridge.A.abruptB.absurdC.activeD.agreeable12. The history teacher told us the ring was a piece of _____ treasure because it had been handed down from an ancient king.A.invaluableB.valuedC.previousD.precise13. In the last few years, the _____ of regular folks going under the cosmetic knife skyrocketed.A.amountB.figuresC.groupD.number14. He was too busy to do any exercise at all until he turned 58. And he is much better _____ now than ever before.A.formB.conditionC.lookD.shape15. All of us in research have focused on a drug that is so _____ that it can change brain chemistry.A.monstrousB.powerfulC.vigorousD.heavy16. He was only a _____ ruler of the country, the real one was his mother, who actually handled state affairs and possessed the power of making decisions.A.obliviousB.notableC.obscureD.nominal17. _____ that she is interested in children, I am sure that teaching is the right profession for her.A.HoweverB.ProvidedC.GivenD.Unless18. She had _____ opportunity to exercise leadership, which she has dreamed of since she was young.A. utterB.utmostC.ambitiousD.ample19. They intend to remove the _____ rules and regulations that are discouraging foreign investment in their country.A.henpeckedB.garnishedC.unmitigatedD.onerous20. The Central Bank is interested in how much money is in _____ in the economy.A.circulationB.circleC.reserveD.rotationPart 2 Vocabulary ReplacementThis part consists of 20 sentences. In each of them one word or phrase is underlined, and below each, there are 4 choices marked by letters A, B, C and D respectively. Choose the word or phrase that can replace the underlined part without causing any grammatical error or changing the basic meaning of the sentence. There is only ONE right answer. Blacken the corresponding letter as required on your Machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.21. Tom felt sure he would get the post, but he was never even considered for it. That was a smack in the eye for him.A.nothing seriousB.nothing importantC.a humiliating rebuffD.an expected disappointment22. Our neighbors are so reserved and unfriendly that they never speak to us.A.aloofB.relievedC.airyD.resistant23. Security men believe the tit-for-tat murders were the result of the bombing which had occurred in the city center.A.furiousB.retaliatoryC.malevolentD.chain24. The conclusion reached at the workshop was that the manufacturing process was obsolete.A.dilapidatedB.extantC.archaicD.outdated25. Some people wish to amend the law so that children must stay at school until they are 16.A.gratifyB.pacifyC.rectifyD.verify26. Prof. Clark disregarded the warning from his colleagues and continued his research work.A.ignoredB.deploredC.explored C.implored27. Some observers say the recent coup of a military government in that country will lead to anarchy.A.monarchB.maniacC.disorderD.discipline28. As a conductor, Leonard Bernstein was famous for his intensely vigorous and exuberant style.A.enticingB.enthusiasticC.extravertD.exultant29. His peers admonished him that he had to increase his study time as the final examination was around the corner.A.astonishedB.warnedC.threatenedD.alarmed30. Isolated cases of disaffection – or harbingers of a mass cross-border movement that threatens Europe’s economic stability? The question is pressing.A.singB.forerunnerC.messengerD.vanguard31. Justices of the Peace have jurisdiction over the trials of some civil suits and of criminal cases involving minor offenses.A.supremacyB.authorityC.guidanceD.administration32. What these young men and women need to do now is to develop a mentality to reconcile their ideals with reality.A.interactB.interfaceC.harmonizeD.pair33. The search for eternal youth is no less fervent now than it was 2,000 years ago. People are trying practically anything.A.prolongedB.externalC.protractedD.excessive34. SD Memory Cards are versatile high-capacity storage cards that are extremely small - about the size of a postage stamp.A.adaptableB.adoptableC.variableD.veritable35. This book comes as a revelation to one who was nourished in his youth on the englightened English socialitst tradition represented by George Bernard Shaw.A.replacementB.discoveryC.representationD.resolution36. Johnson was so absorbed in his novel that he forgot about his dinner cooking in the oven.A.obtainedB.enlivenedC.obligedD.engrossed37. The man we met this morning grows many kinds of plants in his garden, most of which are flowers including succulent and cacti.A.risesB.raisesC.plantsD.plows38. The scientist contested the assumption of previous scientists that the fate of human beings could not be predicated.A.suspendedB.rejectedC.suspectedD.repulsed39. In the last 10 years we have all witnessed an impressive growth in our knowledge about environment.A.impreativeB.observableC.importantD.obvious40. In their culture and in their eyes success all too often means imply outdoing other people by virtue of achievement judged by some single scale – income or honors.A.outfittingB.outbiddingC.outragingD.outshiningPart 3 Error CorrectionThis part consists of 20 sentences. In each of them there is an underlined part that indicates a grammatical error, and below each, there are 4 choices marked by letters A, B, C and D respectively. Choose the word or phrase that can replace the underlined part so that the error is corrected. There is only ONE right answer. Blacken the corresponding letter as required on your Machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.41. The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see be carrying out next year.A.carry outB.carrying outC.carried outD.to carry out42. The examiner failed some candidates, and 15 of them being students without work experience.A. 15 beingB.among 15 wereC.15 of them wereD.15 of whom were43. Despite of their opposition, he went his own way and started his preparations.A.Despiting ofB.Despited ofC.DespiteD.Despited44. Network television, magazine, and direct mail –that will be the big gainers in advertising revenues next year.A.whichB.theseC.theyD.all45. I hear that he knows four languages, such as Chinese, French, German and Japanese.A.for example,ly,C.likeD.as46. The more people you know, the less you have time to see them but you can always reach them on the Internet.A. less you have the timeB. the less time you haveC. the less time do you haveD. less the time you have47. Having heard the weather forecast, the boat was stopped in the harbour.A. the boat did not sail out ofB. they did not sail out ofC. the boat remained inD. they were stopped in48. Once they had fame, fortune, secure futures; now all that left is utter poverty.A.that all is leftB.all that is leftC.all what is leftD.all which is left49. Mary must have received my mail; otherwise she could have replied before now.A.Mary shouldB.Mary ought toC.Mary shouldn’tD.Mary couldn’t50. We will ship the goods on Monday according to your order less we hear from you by Friday.A.neverthelessB.unlessC.lestD.until51. When this agreement if signed, a circular will be prepared for given to our customers.A.given outB.given offC.dispatchesD.distribution52. It is now clear that no such creatures as vampires have been seen and none been found in the world.A. was foundB.are foundC.have been foundD.have been found out53. My company is Excellent Kitchenware Company, there nearby is a big market for kitchenware in our city.A.there nearB.and there nearC.there nearlyD.and nearby there54. The government has hardly taken measures to crack down on there crimes when new ones occurred.A. Hardly had the government takenB. The government took hardlyC. Hardly the government had takenD. The government is hardly taking55. The general manager demanded that the job will be completed before the summer holidays.A.would beB.must beC.beD.had to be56. Our company will provide you with free transportation as you requested and charge the installation.A.installation with chargeB.in the installationC.freely installationD.installation in charge57. Doctors warned sun-starved tourists who received too much sunlight that they were at serious risk than others of contracting skin cancer.A.with more seriousB.at seriouslyC.at more seriousD.seriously with58. We have sent an order slip to all that we have reason to believe are interested in our books.A. who are believed by usB. with who we have reason to believeC. who we have reason to believeD. with whom we believe59. As an English major student at one of the most famous universities in China, I strongly believe that business English is more practical than other fields.A.a student in EnglishB.a major English studentC.an English majorD.an English student major60. The engineers are going through with their highway project, in spite that the expenses have risen.A.just becauseB.even thoughC.as thoughD.now thatSection 2: Reading Comprehension (30 points)In this section you will find after each of the passage a number of questions or unfinished statements about the passage, each with 4 (A, B, C and D) choices to answer the question or complete the statement. You must choose the one which you think fits best. Blacken the corresponding letter as required on your Machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.Question 61-70 are based on the following passage.Next door to a lunch counter advertising a grilled cheese special is a gallery where Van Gogh’s “Irises” shares the walls with Monet landscapes and works from the Italian Renaissance.They are all fakes. They are all for sale. “A forger? Yes. We’re expert forgers you could say.But we make no attempt to deceive. We don’t pretend to sell original works. We have all the thrill of being a forger, but no risk.”With prices for original art rising into the tens of millions, some art lovers are turning to high-quality copies done by expert artists. In addition, some museums confronting skyrocketing insurance premiums are considering stashing the authentic pieces and displaying a reproduction.No major U.S. art museum is known to be displaying reproductions in place of originals. Such a practice would raise questions about why people visit museums in the first place. But museum security has become a growing concern.Bids for paintings have climbed at auction houses. But prices for fakes run only from about $1,000 to $10,000 for paintings, depending on the size and complexity of the original.In Europe where copying masterpieces is centuries-old craft, painters often use pigments and brushes typical of the period of the original. The painting is placed in a frame closely resembling its era. Sometimes the gallery purchases 17th century furniture to use the wood for frames. The final step is the antiquing proce ss using chemicals and heat and humidity. “We can make special types of cracks from little spider-web types to long splits.”61. This passage is most probably taken out of a/an _____.A. court confession by a person suspected of making fakesB. commercial advertisement for a new profession in artsC. feature story in a newspaper, magazine, or a web pageD. industrial profile for a museum promoting a new show62. The word “Monet” underlined in Paragraph 1 refers to a _____.A. master artistB. master forgerC. famous dealerD. rich collector63. Both quotes in the passage are probably from a person who is a/an _____.A. master artistB. art piece forgerC. museum directorD. artworks thief64. The third sentence in the last paragraph implies that the gallery _____.A. carries 17th-century furniture as sideline exhibitsB. is part of the process in making fake paintingsC. provides the space only for forgers to produce fakesD. manufactures wooden frames for paintings as a sideline65. Obviously, the phrase “expert artists” underlined in Paragraph 3 refers to people who are _____.A. experts in evaluating art worksB. painters decorating the museumsC. makers of faked famous paintingsD. experts who can identify forgeries66. “Such a practice” underlined in Paragraph 4 refers to the display of _____.A. forged works in place of genuine artworkB. original productions in place of their copiesC. both fake productions and original paintingsD. real reproductions and original masterpieces67. According to the passage, the word “stashing” underlined in Paragraph 3 is synonymous with _____.A. slashingB. smashingC. stackingD. storing68. As repeatedly stated in the passage _____ was certainly the major reason why forgeries are sold.A. insuranceB. securityC. qualityD. price69. The word “copies” underlined in Paragraph 3 does NOT refer to _____.A. fakesB. forgesC. reproductionsD. non-authentic works70. According to this passage, which of the following statements is true?A. The works on display are meant to sell as originals.B. The works meant to sell as originals are on display.C. Here you may purchase a masterpiece for $1,000.D. Here one may buy fast food any time and eat it here.Questions 71-80 are based on the following passage.No revolutions in technology have as visibly marked the human condition as those in transport. Moving goods and people, they have opened continents, transformed living standards, spread diseases, fashions and folk around the world. Yet technologies to transport ideas and information across long distances have arguably achieved even more: they have spread knowledge, the basis of economic growth.The most basic of all these, the written word, was already ancient by 1000. By then China had, in basic form, the printing press, using carved woodblocks. But the key to its future, movable metal type, was four centuries away. The Chinese were hampered by their thousands of ideograms. Even so, they quite soon invented the primitive movable type, made of clay, and by the 13th century they had the movable wooden type. But the real secret was the use of an easily cast metal.When it came, Europe –aided by simple Western alphabets –leapt forward with it. One reason why Asia’s civilizations, in 1000 far ahead of Europe’s, then fell behind was that they lacked the technology to reproduce and diffuse ideas. On Johannes Gutenberg’s invention in the 1440s were built not jus t the Reformation and the Enlightenment, but Europe’s agricultural and industrial revolutions too.Yet information technology on its own would not have got far. Literally: better transport technology too was needed. That was not lacking, but there the big change came much later: it was railways and steamships that first allowed the speedy, widespread dissemination of news and ideas over long distances. And both technologies in turn required people and organizations to develop their use. They got them: for individual communication. The postal service: for wider publics, the publishing industry.Throughout the 19th century, the postal service formed the bedrock of national and international communications. Crucial to its growth had been the introduction of the stamp, combined with a low price, and payment by the sender. Britain put all three of these ideas into effect in 1840.By then, the world’s mail was taking off. It changed the world. Merchants in America’s eastern cities used it to gather information, enraging far-off cotton growers and farmers, who found that the New Yorkers knew more about crop prices than they did. In the American debate about slavery, it offered abolitionists a low-cost way to spread their views, just as later technologies have cut the cost and widened the scope of political lobbying. The post helped too to integrate the American nation, tying new newly opened west to the settled east.Everywhere, its development drove and was driven by those of transport. In Britain, travelers rode by mail coach to posting inns. In America, the post subsidized road-building. Indeed, argues Dan Schiller, a professor of communications at the University of California, it was the connection between the post, transport and national integration that ensured that the mail remained a public enterprise even in the United States, its first and only government-run communications medium, and until at least the 1870s, the biggest organization in the land.The change has not only been one of speed and distance, though, but of audience. About 200 years ago, a man’s words could reach no further than his voice, not just in range but in whom they reached. But, for some purposes, efficient communication is mass communication, regular, cheap, quick and reliable. When it became possible, it transformed the world.71. According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?A. Transporting goods and people is the most important technology in the history of mankind.B. Technology in transporting goods and people has changed human conditions more than anything else.C. Technology in spreading information has changed human conditions more than transportation technology.D. Technology in spreading information can’t change the economic development of society.72. Accord ing to the passage, Asian civilizations, which were ahead of Europe’s, fell behind because _____.A. Asian languages were more difficult to learn.B. European languages had simple alphabetsC. they didn’t have the technology to spread ideasD. people’s com munication skills were not good enough73. Johannes Gutenberg’s invention probably refers to _____.A. printing technologyB. transportation technologyC. the Reformation and the EnlightenmentD. industrial revolution74. The word “dissemination” underli ned in Paragraph 4 means _____.A. plantationB. distributionC. receptionD. Direction75. Which of the following statements is NOT true about the postal service ?A. American abortionists were not happy about it.B. The stamp was invented in Britain.C. It helped the independence of America.D. In the 1840s it was the major means of national communications in Britain.76. What can the postal service do?A. Collecting market prices of goods.B. Spreading ideas at a low cost.C. Promoting political lobbying.D. All of the above.77. In the United States, the postal service belongs to _____.A. a private companyB. the governmentC. road-building enterprisesD. national integration78. The word “its development” underlined in Paragraph 7 refers to the development of _____.A. the American nationB. the mail coachC. road buildingD. the postal service79. The words “the change” underlined in Paragraph 8 refer to _____.A. time changeB. technology changeC. change in spreading ideasD. change of human abilities80. Which of the following statements is NOT true about mass communication?A. It can reach no further than human voice.B. It can reach a large audience.C. It is rapid and efficient.D. It can be trusted.Questions 81-90 are based on the following passage.Is test anxiety destructive? Can we make test anxiety work for us? The answer to both of these questions is yes. Test anxiety often interferes with student performance but this same test anxiety, if channeled correctly, can help improve performance.In order to lessen the destructive elements of test anxiety, the approach should be to develop improved confidence and knowledge. As your knowledge of the course material increases, your confidence in your ability to succeed will increase. As your confidence increases, your anxiety will go down, allowing your knowledge to come through more efficiently. The way you prepare for a test can reduce anxiety during the test.You will be surprised how confident you will feel if you know the material. Studies of memory show if you want to be able to recall information from text or lecture you have to review that material several times. It is important to know your own abilities and operate accordingly. If you know that you learn best by listening, prepare a tape of significant material and listen to the tape.Study partners or study groups are often useful for self-testing. Experience in stressful situations tends to lessen anxiety in those situations. One way to help yourself retrieve material is through the use of mnemonic codes. Learn a code that lets you remember complex material. Developing an outline for an essay question that you know will be on the test or memorizing a formula are forms of code development.Students are often frustrated by the sheer volume of material that has to be studied in college. Many instructors conduct reviews, give hints, identify what is important to study, use handouts or overhead transparency outlines. These materials should be at the top of your study list. If the instructor took the time to identify them, you should assume that they will play an important part of the test. While knowledge acquired during test preparation can help reduce anxiety, it is anotherthing to take the test itself. Following are a few suggestions to help reduce anxiety during the test.When I arrive at a test, I often find students flipping test pages at the last minute trying to cram it all in at the end. You would be better off trying to relax, meditating a little, and clearing your mind to allow yourself the ability to concentrate on the question that are coming.As soon as the instructor gives you the signal to start, dump out formulas, codes, outlines from your memory onto the test answer sheets so that you will not have to worry about whether you will remember the codes long enough until you get to the appropriate test question.You can build your confidence if you go through the test and answer all of the questions that you know first. Go back and work on those questions that need greater analysis, or that need to be worked out or need to be guessed at and your anxiety will not kick in until later in the test.For those of you whose anxiety increases as study and preparation increase, your goal should be to start concentrating on things that take your mind off the test, i.e., television, books, hobbies, movies, etc. Meditation and aerobic exercise have proven to be very useful methods for reducing undesirable effects of stress.The solution to reducing the destructive influences of stress is to plan to study. Map out a schedule of when you will study each day. Identify the specific topics that you will study each day. Identify the areas of the material that you have had problems with and study those. Your plan should include reading the text material, reviewing notes and homework assignments, identifying material that needs further explanation, developing codes for memory material and testing yourself. Once you have studied adequately, your confidence will be fairly high, your knowledge will be satisfactory to do well on the test and the stomach butterflies will help you focus on the task at hand.I’d wish you good luck on finals, but you and I both kno w that the more effectively you study, the luckier you will get.81. The word “channeled” underlined in Paragraph 1 means _____.A. directedB. usedC. runD. passed82. Which of the following statements is NOT mentioned as a good side of the test anxiety?A. It can help improve performance if channeled correctly.B. It motivates us to study and prepare for exam.C. It can help us to concentrate.D. It can always ensure a good score in the test.83. What is the relationship between knowledge and confidence and test anxiety?A. As your knowledge of the course material increases, your confidence in your ability to succeed will increase.B. As your test anxiety increases, your knowledge and confidence will increase.C. As your confidence increases, your anxiety will go down, allowing your knowledge to come through more effectively.D. Both A and C.84. Which of the following test preparation ways cannot help one reduce anxiety during the test?A. You should know your own abilities and operate accordingly and learn as much as you can.B. Study partners or study groups are useful for self-testing.C. You can retrieve materials by using mnemonic codes.D. You should pay more attention to the materials identified by the teacher.85. What should be at the top of your study list when you prepare a test?A. The most complex materials.B. The questions asked by students.C. The materials reviewed and hints given by the teacher.D. The materials mastered by most students.86. The suggestions to help reduce anxiety during the test are _____.A. relaxing, mnemonic codes and easy questions firstB. relaxing, dumping and easy questions firstC. relaxing, easy questions first and extreme anxietyD. aerobic exercise, relax and dumping87. According to the passage, useful means for reducing undesirable effects of stress are _____.A. knowledge and confidenceB. learning ability and instructor’s hints。