英语高一句子成分
高中英语句子成分超全大汇总
高中英语句子成分超全大汇总1. 主语(Subject):我们在学校开展了一次文化活动。
2. 谓语(Predicate):我们正在看电影。
3. 宾语(Object):她买了一本新书。
4. 表语(Predicative):他是一位杰出的科学家。
5. 定语(Attributive):这是我的书包。
6. 状语(Adverbial):我每天早上六点起床。
7. 同位语(Appositive):我的朋友,小明,是一名医生。
9. 助动词(Modal Auxiliary):我可以为你帮忙。
10. 状语从句(Adverbial Clause):他到达后,立即开始工作。
11. 宾语从句(Object Clause):我不知道他是否会来。
12. 主语从句(Subject Clause):他说你是他的好朋友。
13. 同位语从句(Appositive Clause):他听说你想要一台新笔记本电脑。
14. 定语从句(Attributive Clause):这是我在图书馆找到的书。
15. 状语从句(Adjective Clause):我买的那辆车是新的。
16. 并列关系(Coordinate Relationship):我喜欢吃苹果和香蕉。
17. 递进关系(Progressive Relationship):他越努力,成绩越好。
18. 因果关系(Causal Relationship):他因为生病,所以没去上学。
19. 条件关系(Conditional Relationship):如果你有时间,我们可以一起去看电影。
20. 让步关系(Concessive Relationship):尽管下雨,但我还是去了。
21. 目的关系(Purpose Relationship):我买了一台电脑,以便更好地学习。
22. 结果关系(Consequential Relationship):他很努力,所以考试取得了好成绩。
24. 同位关系(Appositive Relationship):我的姐姐,一位医生,给了我很多建议。
(完整版)高中英语句子成分分析大全
英语句子成分解析大全一个句子最少由两部分构成,即主语和谓语,它们是句子的主要成分。
句子的次要成分包括宾语(包括双宾语中的直接宾语和间接宾语),表语,定语(包括前置定语及后置定语),状语,同位语(包括限制性同位语及非限制性同位语),补语及呼语。
一.主语:是一句话的中心,整句话都谈它的情况。
如:They were teachers.(他们曾是老师。
) Time flies. (岁月飞逝。
)这两句话中分别由代词 They ,名词 Time 作主语。
二.谓语:是对主语加以陈述,表示主语的行为也许状态。
谓语必定由动词或动词短语充当,因此动词不定式、动名词、分词为非谓语动词,不能够作谓语。
且谓语动词能够表现时态,单复数的语法现象。
如:They were teachers.(他们曾是老师。
) He enjoys singing songs. (他喜欢唱歌。
)这两句话分别由动词 were (are 的过去式),enjoys singing (enjoy doing 动词短语)作谓语。
其中 were 表现出句子的时态为过去时态,且主语的人称为第一人称, enjoys singing 体现出句子的时态为一般现在时,且主语的人称为第三人称。
三.宾语:表示动作的承受者。
宾语放在及物动词也许介词此后。
如: I play with him. (我和他玩。
) I like Chinese food. (我喜欢中国菜。
)这两句话中分别由人称代词 him ,名词 food 作宾语。
直接宾语与间接宾语:有的动词能够接双宾语,直接宾语指的是动词所涉及的物 ,间接宾语是指受益于动词所表示行为的人。
如:He gave me a book.(他给了我一本书)这句话中 a book 为直接宾语, me 为间接宾语。
又如: My mother bought a schoolbag to me.( 我妈妈买了一个书包给我。
)这句话中 schoolbag 为直接宾语, me 为间接宾语。
高一英语语法
高一英语语法高一的英语语法包含了简单的5种基本句型,也是我们在英语写作中时常会用到的句型。
下面是店铺给大家整理的高一英语语法的相关知识,供大家参阅!高一英语语法:句子成分一、句子成分(一)句子成分的定义:构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。
句子成分有主要成分和次要成分;主要成分有主语和谓语;次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语和同位语。
(二)主语:主语是一个句子所叙述的主体,一般位于句首。
但在there be结构、疑问句(当主语不是疑问词时)和倒装句中,主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。
主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。
例如:During the 1990s, American country music has become mo re and more popular.(名词) We often speak English in class.(代词) One-third of the students in this class are girls.(数词)To swim in the river is a great pleasure.(不定式)Sm oking does harm to the health.(动名词)The ri ch should help the poor.(名词化的形容词)When we are going to have an English test has not been decided.(主语从句)It is necessary to master a foreign language.(it作形式主语,真正的主语为后面的不定式)(三)谓语:谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。
动词在句中作谓语,一般放在主语之后。
谓语的构成如下:1、简单谓语:由一个动词或动词短语构成。
如:He practices running every morning.2、复合谓语:(1)由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成。
高一英语上句子成分
基本句型 五: S V O OC (主+谓+宾+宾补) 此句型的句子的共同特点是:动词虽然是及物动词,但是只跟一个 宾语还不能表达完整的意思,必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语, 才能使意思完整。 宾语补足语:位于宾语之后对宾语作出说明的成分。宾语与其补足 语有逻辑上的主谓关系,它们一起构成复合宾语。 名词/代词宾格 + 名词 The war made him a soldier./战争使他成为一名战士. 名词/代词宾格 + 形容词 New methods make the job easy./新方法使这项工作变得轻松. 名词/代词宾格 + 介词短语 I often find him at work./我经常发现他在工作. 名词/代词宾格 + 动词不定式 The teacher ask the students to close the windows./老师让学生们 关上窗户. 名词/代词宾格 + 分词 I saw a cat running across the road./我看见一只猫跑过了马路.
S │V(及物)│ O(宾语) │ C(宾补) 1. They │appointed │him │manager. 他们任命他当经理。 2. They │painted │the door │green. 他们把门漆成绿色 3. This │set │them │thinking. 这使得他们要细想一想。 4. They │found │the house │deserted. 他们发现那房子 无人居住。 5. What │makes │him │think so? 他怎么会这样想? 6. We │saw │him │out. 我们送他出去 7. He │asked │me │to come back soon. 他要我早点回来。 8. I │saw │them │getting on the bus. 我看见他们上了那 辆公共汽车。
高一英语五种基本句型
英语基本句型-1 主系表结构
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本结构是由主语+系动词+表语组成,主 要用以说明主语的特征,类属,状态, 身份等。
表语:用来说明主语的性质或状态。一 般由名词或者形容词担任,有时介词短 语和不定式短语或从句也可以。 如:This table is long.
his father is a teacher. The ball is under the tree. my dream is to be a doctor.
5.我们都认为Jack 是一个勤奋的学生。
All of us/ we all believe that Jack is a hardworking boy.
6. 他不知道去说什么好。
He did not know what to say.
7. 我开窗门你在意吗?
Do you mind my opening the door? Would you mind if I open the door?
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英语基本句型-2 主谓结构
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本结构是由主语加不及物的谓语动词 构成, 常用来表示主语的动作。
此句型的句子有一个共同特 点,即句子的谓语动词都能 表达完整的意思。
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1. Time flies. 2. The moon rose. 3. The man cooked. 4. They talked for half an hour. 5. He has gone.
5.她独自一个人在那里坐着。
She sat there alone.
英语基本句型-3 主谓宾结构
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此句型句子的共同特点是: 谓语动词都具有实义,都 是主语产生的动作,但不 能表达完整的意思,必须 跟有一个宾语,即动作的 承受者,才能使意思完整。 这类动词叫做及物动词。
牛津译林版高一英语新教材:专题一:句子成分和句子结构
专题一:句子成分和句子结构英语中的句子是由词和短语组成的,这些词或短语在句子中起一定的作用,叫做句子成分。
英语的篇章是由句子构成的,不同的内容需要不同类型的句式结构,这些句式结构又构成英语中不同的句子类型。
一、句子成分:(sentence elements)组成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。
句子成分主要有主语、谓语、表语、宾语、同位语、定语、状语、补足语、独立成分(感叹词、呼语和插入语)等。
构成句子的主体部分是主语和谓语。
表语、宾语和补足语是谓语的组成部分。
其它成分如定语、同位语、状语等是句子的次要部分。
1. 主语(subject)主语表示句子说的是“什么人”或“什么事”。
常用的作主语的词类有:名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词性词组和从句。
Knowledge is power. 知识就是力量。
(名词)We study many subjects at school. 在学校我们学习许多科目。
(代词)Two of us will attend the conference. 我们中有两个人要参加这次会议。
(数词)To go to bed early and to get up early is a good habit. 早睡早起是个好习惯。
(不定式)Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。
(动名词)The young should help the old. 年轻人应该帮助年老的人。
(名词性词组)What he said made us surprised. 他所说的话使我们感到惊奇。
(从句)2. 谓语(verb/predicate)谓语说明主语“做什么”“是什么”或“怎么样”。
由动词或动词短语来充当。
We love our country. 我们热爱我们的国家。
She is taking good care of the baby. 她正在好好照看那个婴儿。
3. 宾语(object)宾语表示动作、行为的对象。
高一英语五大句型句子成分分析与训练(无答案)
句子成分分析一、概述英语中,最简单的句子由主语、谓语构成,根据谓语动词性质,可以衍生出五种基本的句子。
其中谓语是句子中的心脏,不可或缺。
(一)主语的类型1.名词或名词短语充当主语The books are on the desk .John works hard.Gold is of great value .2.代词充当主语He always keeps his promiseIt is interesting to climb mountains3.不定式充当主语To study abroad is my greatest desire .To go to Japan for a visit is my plan for this year .4.动名词充当主语Seeing him makes me angry.Collecting stamps is one of his hobbies .Listening to music makes me happy.5.疑问词+不定式充当主语where to meet him is not decided yet.what to do is not decided.6.from+地点名词+to+地点名词充当主语From Beijing to Shanghai is about 1 000 kilometers.7.句子充当主语whether he can join us is a problem.That he doesn' t study makes me angry.Where he lives is still in doubt .(二)谓语由动词充当1.不及物动词2.系动词3.完全及物动词4.不完全及物动词5.授予动词二、由不同谓语类型所构成的五种基本句型(一)主语+系动词+表语(主语补足语)1.be动词,be动词后面的表语有十一种;He is a student.The girl is so cute.My dream is to be a teacher.My job is teaching English.The chair is yours.Kate was here yesterday.She is in the room.The books are on the desk .The problem is whether he can join us .The question is When to set out .My hobby is collecting stamps .The story is interesting .I am interested in the story.The book is of great value.The machine is of no use.2.become,接名词或是形容词作表语;She became a teacher two years ago.He became angry.You will become a good student if you study hard .She is becoming more and more charming.3.turn,通常只接与颜色或心情有关的形容词作表语;The leaves turns green.Her face turned red.The leaves were turning yellow.His face turned red with anger when he saw Mary.4.get,通常接表示生气或激动的形容词作表语;He got mad.Please don’t get angry。
句子成分分析及定语从句-高一英语
句子成分分析讲解--2013-5-1英语中,句子分为简单句和复合句【简单句的五种基本句型】A. 主语+不及物动词(主谓)B. 主语+及物动词+宾语(主谓宾)C. 主语+系动词+表语(主系表)D. 主语+及物动词+双宾语(直接宾语、间接宾语)(主谓+直宾+间宾)E. 主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语(主+谓+宾+宾补)【句子的成分】在英文中句子成分包括:主语、谓语、宾语(直接宾语、间接宾语)、表语、定语和状语、宾语补足语等。
(一)主语:主语是谓语讲述的对象,表示所说的“是什么”或“是谁”。
一般由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词或短语来充当。
它一般在句首。
如:(1)Lucy is a beautiful nurse. (名词作主语)(2)He reads newspapers every day. (代词作主语)(3)Smoking is harmful to the health. (动名词作主语)(4)To swim in Kunming Lake is a great pleasure.(不定式作主语)(5)What we should do is not yet decided. (主语从句作主语)(二)谓语说明主语“做什么”“是什么”或“怎么样”两方面必须一致。
它一般在主语后面。
如:His parents are teachers. (系动词和表语一起作谓语)We study hard. (行为动词作谓语)We don’t finish reading the book. (助动词和行为动词一起作谓语)He can speak English. (情态动词和行为动词一起作谓语)(三)宾语宾语是动作、行为的对象,由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词、短语来担任,它和及物动词一起说明主语做什么。
一般放在谓语之后。
She is doing her homework now.(名词作宾语)She says(that)she is ill.(宾语从句作动词宾语)We often help him.(代词作宾语)He likes to play basketball.(不定式作宾语)We enjoy listening to the music. 我们喜欢听音乐。
高中句子成分详细讲解及基本句型结构
英语句子成分详解一、英语句子的成分组成句子的各个部分叫作句子的成分。
句子成分主要包括主语、谓语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语、定语和状语。
主语和谓语是句子的主体部分。
1)主语subject主语是一个句子的主体,是全句叙述的对象,是句子要说明的人或事物,即表示句子所说的“是什么”或“是谁”,常由名词、代词、动名词或动词不定式等担任,一般位于句首。
The girl can sing many English songs.We are students. / This is my pen. Y ours is on the desk.The blind need more help.To speak loudly in public is not polite.Smoking is bad for your health.2)谓语predicate谓语是对主语加以陈述,表示主语的动作或状态,常由动词担任,一般位于主语之后。
谓语有时态和语态的变化,且要和主语在人称和数上保持一致。
I love you. Y ou hate me. Y ou hurt my heart.I have an English-Chinese dictionary. He has one too.We can play the piano.She is talking with her sister. / I have seen this man before.3)宾语object宾语是谓语动词所涉及的对象,是谓语动词所表示动作的对象或承受者。
常由名词、代词、动名词或动词不定式等担任,一般位于谓语动词(及物动词)或介词之后。
He is doing his homework. / I saw a plane in the sky just now.They did nothing this morning. / I met him on my way home.She wants to go home.We enjoy playing football.【注意】:某些及物动词之后要求有双宾语,即直接宾语和间接宾语,直接宾语指物,间接宾语指人。
高中英语句子成分和句子种类
高中英语句子成分和句子种类
在高中英语中,句子的成分主要包括主语、谓语、宾语、表语、定语、状语和补语。
以下是常见句子种类和其成分的示例:
1.简单句:只包含一个主语和一个谓语。
- 主语 + 谓语:She runs every morning.(主语为She,谓语为runs)
2.并列句:由两个或多个简单句通过连词连接而成。
- 简单句 + 连词 + 简单句:She studies hard, but she still gets low grades.(第一个简单句的主语为She,谓语为studies,第二
个简单句的主语为she,谓语为gets)
3.复合句:包含一个主句和一个或多个从句。
- 主句 + 从句:I will go to the park if it doesn't rain.(主
句的主语为I,谓语为will go;从句的主语为it,谓语为doesn't rain)
4.疑问句:用于提问,通常以动词开头。
- 动词 + 主语 + 其他成分:Do you like ice cream?(动词为Do,主语为you)
5.祈使句:用于发出命令、请求、建议等,通常省略了主语。
- 谓语 + 其他成分:Close the door, please.(谓语为Close)
6.感叹句:表示强烈的情感或感叹,通常以感叹词开头。
- 感叹词 + 主句:What a beautiful sunset!(感叹词为What)
这些只是常见的句子种类和示例,实际上还有其他不同类型的句子,具体的情况需要根据语境和句子的用途来判断。
高中英语句子成分及结构
英语句子成分及句子结构英语句子基本构成成分:主语:可以作主语的成分有名词(如boy),主格代词(如I ,we, he, she, they ),数词、动词不定式,动名词等。
最常用的便是名词、代词、动名词、动词不定式。
主语一般在句首。
(1)名词作主语English is very important. 英语是很重要的。
The students all love their English teacher. ‘这些学生都爱他们的英语老师。
(2)代词作主语They go to school by bus. 他们乘公共汽车上学。
(3)动名词作主语Watching TV too much is bad for your eyes.看电视太多对你的眼睛是有害的。
It’s no use regretting it. 后悔是无用的。
(4)动词不定式(短语)作主语To see is to believe. 眼见为实。
It is necessary to master a foreign language.掌握一门外语是很必要的谓语:谓语由动词构成,谓语时态、语态的变化都体现在动词的变化上,一般在主语之后。
(1)及物动词作谓语We should help each other. 我们应该互相帮助。
All of the students like the novel. 所有这些学生都喜欢这本小说。
(2)不及物动词作谓语You’re driving too fast. 你开车开得太快了。
The teacher came in, book in hand. 老师走进教室,手里拿着书。
(3)连系动词作谓语He looks worried.他看起来很担心。
The box itself is not so heavy. 箱子本身并不重。
(4) 复合谓语:①由情态动词加动词原形构成。
如:You may keep the book for two weeks.②由助动词加动词原形,现在分词,过去分词构成。
高一英语句子成分划分知识点
高一英语句子成分划分知识点英语作为一门国际语言,在世界上广泛使用。
学好英语,尤其是对句子的成分划分有着重要的意义。
本文将从主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语等角度出发,介绍高一英语句子成分划分的知识点。
首先,我们来看主语。
主语是句子中最重要的成分之一,通常是句子的主体,它确定了句子的主题。
主语可以是一个单词,也可以是一个词组,甚至是一个从句。
例如:1. He is a good student.(主语是“He”)2. Playing basketball is his favorite activity.(主语是“Playing basketball”)3. What he said surprised me.(主语是“What he said”)接着,我们来了解谓语。
谓语是句子中用来说明主语动作、状态或存在情况的一部分。
谓语一般由动词构成,但也可以是动词短语或动词不定式。
例如:1. She eats an apple every day.(谓语是“eats”)2. They have been studying English for years.(谓语是“have beens tudying”)3. He wanted to go to the park.(谓语是“wanted to go”)然后,我们来研究宾语。
宾语是句子中的动作对象,它一般接在及物动词之后,帮助说明动作的目标或结果。
宾语可以是一个名词、代词、名词短语或从句。
例如:1. I bought a book yesterday.(宾语是“a book”)2. She took pictures of the beautiful scenery.(宾语是“pictures of the beautiful sc enery”)3. Do you know what time it is?(宾语是“what time it is”)接下来,我们来讨论定语。
高一英语句子成分
高一英语句子成分高一英语句子成分高中英语新课程标准的总目标是发展学生的综合语言应用能力,尤其是他们获取和加工信息的能力以及分析和解决问题的能力,高一英语句子成分有哪些的呢?本文是店铺整理高一英语句子成分的资料,仅供参考。
高一英语句子成分I am a teacher. Are you a student? How beautiful the girl is !现代汉语里一般的句子成分有六种,即主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语和补语。
英语的基本成分有七种:主语(subject)、谓语(predicate)、表语(predicative)、宾语(object)、定语(attribute)、状语(adverbial)、补语(complement)。
1)主语:主语是在句子中说明全句中心主题的`部分.一般由名词,代词,不定式,动名词或从句充当.它的位置一般在句首.The girl is pretty. Reading is useful. To see is to believe.They are good friends.句子成分练习题( 一 )(一). 指出下列句中主语的中心词① The teacher with two of his students is walking into the classroom.② There is an old man coming here.③ The useful dictionary was given by my mother last year.④ To do today's homework withou t the teacher's help is very difficult.2) 谓语:谓语说明主语做什么,是什么,怎么样,由简单动词或者动词短语构成.They are teachers. She looks well.He studies hard. He laughed at his classmates.He can speak English.(二) 选出句中谓语的中心词① I don't like the picture on the wall.A. don'tB. likeC. pictureD. wall② The days get longer and longer when summer comes.A. getB. longerC. daysD. summer③ Do you usually go to school by bus?A. DoB. usuallyC.goD. bus④ There will be a meeting at the library this afternoon.A. will beB. meetingC. the libraryD. afternoon⑤ Did the twins have porridge for their breakfast?A.DidB. twinsC. haveD. breakfast⑥ Tom didn't do his homework yesterday.A. TomB. didn'tC. doD. his homework⑦ What I want to tell you is this.A. wantB. to tellC. youD. is⑧ We had better send for a doctor.A. WeB. hadC. sendD. doctor⑨ He is interested in music.A. isB. interestedC. inD. music⑩ Whom did you give my book to?A. giveB.didC. whomD. book3) 表语:表语说明主语是什么,或者怎么样,由名词,形容词,副词,介词短语,不定式,动名词,短语,或者从句充当.表语位于系动词后面.I am a teacher. She is happy.Everybody is here. They are at home now.My job is to teach English. Seeing is believing.(三) 挑出下列句中的表语① The old man was feeling very tired.② Why is he worried about Jim?③ The leaves have turned yellow.④ Soon They all became interested in the subject.⑤ She was the first to learn about it.4) 宾语: 宾语是动作,行为的对象,由名词,代词,短语,不定式,动名词,从句充当.它和及物动词一起说明主语做了什么,在谓语之后.She plays the piano. He often helps me.I like watching TV. She likes to go to shop this afternoon.I think that he is good guy.(四) 挑出下列句中的宾语① My brother hasn't done his homework.② People all over the world speak English.③ You must pay good attention to your pronunciation.④ How many new words did you learn last class?⑤ Some of the students in the s chool want to go swimming, how about you?⑥ The old man sitting at the gate said he was ill.⑦ They made him monitor of the class.⑧ Go acrothe bridge and you will find the museum on the left.⑨ You will find it useful after you leave school.⑩ They didn't know who "Father Christmas" really is.划出句中的直接宾语和间接宾语① Please tell us a story.② My father bought a new bike for me last week.③ Mr Li is going to teach us history next term.④ Here is a pen.Give it to Tom.⑤ Did he leave any message for me?5) 宾语补足语:在英语中,有些句子只有宾语并不能表达完整的意思,还必须在宾语后面家上宾语补足语才能表达完整的意思.它起补充说明宾语干什么,怎么样的作用.它可以由名词,形容词,副词,介词短语,不定式,现在分词和过去分词充当.If you let me go, I’ll make you king. Leave the door open.We found John out when we arrived. Make yourself at home.I saw him enter the hall. The bokeeps them working all day.I heard my name called.(五) 挑出下列句中的宾语补足语① She likes the children to read newspa-pe-rs and books in the reading-room.② He asked her to take the boy out of school.③ She found it difficult to do the work.④ They call me Lily sometimes.⑤ I saw Mr Wang get on the bus.⑥ Did you see Li Ming playing football on the playground just now?6) 状语:状语用来修饰动词,形容词或副词.它表示行为发生的时间,地点,目的,方式,程度.一般由副词,介词短语,不定式或相当于副词的词或短语充当,也可由从句来充当.He did it carefully. Without his help, we couldn’t work it out.In order to catch up with my classmates, I must study hard.I was born on June 9th 1982 in Guangxi. He is writing with a pen.(六) 挑出下列句中的状语① There was a big smile on her face.② Every night he heard the noise upstairs.③ He began to learn English when he was eleven.④ The man on the motorbike was travelling too fast.⑤ With the medicine box under her arm, MiLi hurried off.⑥ She loves the library because she loves books.⑦ I am afraid that if you've lost it, you must pay for it.⑧ The students followed Un cle Wang to see the othermachine.7) 定语:定语用来修饰名词或代词.形容词,代词,数词,名词,介词短语,不定式,动名词,分词,从句都可以充当定语.The black bike is mine.What’s your name? A broken vase.I have 5 books. A sleeping boy.They made pa-pe-r flowers. The boy in the room is Jack.I have something to do. It is a swimming pool.(七) 挑出下列句中的定语① They use Mr, Mrs with the family name.② What is your given name?③ On the third lap are Cla1 and Cla3.④ I am afraid some people forgot to sweep the floor.⑤ The man downstairs was trying to sleep.⑥ I am wait ing for the sound of the other shoe!Exercise指出下列句子中划线部分的句子成分:1.Whether we’ll go depend on the weather .2. People’s standards of living are going up steadily .3. That was how they were defeated.4.The nursery takes good care of our children .5.I’ll re turn the book to you tomorrow .6.We are sure that we shall succeed .7.The woman with a baby in her arms is his other .8.There are many film that I’d like to see.9.Have you met the person about whom he was speaking ?10.I have a lot of work to do .11.A nyway I won’t stop you from doing it .12.I said it in fun .13.We can send a car over to fetch you .14.She had to work standing up .15.Seeing this ,some comrades became very worried .16.Much interested , he agreed to give it a try .17.The bus arrived ten minutes late .18.We should serve the people heart and soul.19.Spring coming on , the tree turned green .20.Some farmers saw something strange in the sky .21.We think it necessary that everyone should attend the meeting .22.It’s strange that she doesn’t come today .23.It was in the library that I come today .24.He likes drawing at times when he isn’t working .25.We left in such a hurry that we forgot to lock the door.。
高中英语知识点归纳句子成分的分类和功能
高中英语知识点归纳句子成分的分类和功能在高中英语学习中,句子成分是一个非常重要的知识点。
了解并掌握句子成分的分类和功能,对于理解句子的结构和语法规则具有关键性意义。
本文将对高中英语句子成分的分类和功能进行归纳总结。
一、句子成分的分类在英语句子中,常见的句子成分包括主语、谓语、宾语、表语、同位语、状语、定语、补语和插入语等。
1. 主语(Subject):主语是句子的核心部分,通常由名词、代词、动名词、不定式等表示。
主语在句子中的作用是执行动作或者是被动接受动作。
例如:- The cat is sleeping.(猫正在睡觉。
)- He plays basketball every day.(他每天打篮球。
)2. 谓语(Predicate):谓语是句子的动作或状态的核心部分,通常由动词或动词短语表示。
谓语说明主语的动作或状态。
例如:- They are going to the park.(他们要去公园。
)- She is a student.(她是一名学生。
)3. 宾语(Object):宾语是句子中动作的承受者或影响者,通常由名词、代词、动名词、不定式等表示。
宾语通常回答“谁”或“什么”的问题。
例如:- He bought a new car.(他买了一辆新车。
)- Can you pass me the salt?(你能递给我盐吗?)4. 表语(Predicate complement):表语通常用来补充说明主语的身份、特征或状态,通常由形容词、名词、代词等表示。
表语用来对主语进行补充说明。
例如:- She is happy.(她很开心。
)- The book is interesting.(这本书很有趣。
)5. 同位语(Appositive):同位语通常用来对前面的名词或代词进行解释或补充说明,通常由名词、代词等表示。
同位语用来进一步说明前面的名词或代词。
例如:- My sister, a doctor, lives in New York.(我的姐姐,一名医生,住在纽约。
高中英语句子成分
高中英语句子成分句子成分:1.主语(subject):句子所描述的人或事物。
主语可以由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、分词、主语从句和短语等来担任。
例如,太阳从东方升起。
(名词)他喜欢跳舞。
(代词)二十年在历史上是短暂的时间。
(数词)看是信的。
(动名词)看是信的。
(不定式)他需要一本书。
(主语从句)很明显,大象像树一样高大。
(It形式主语,主语从句是真正主语)2.谓语(predicate):说明主语的动作、状态和特征。
简单谓语由动词或动词词组组成,而复合谓语由情态动词或助动词+动词组成。
例如,我看到了山顶上的旗帜吗?他照顾了两个孤儿。
(简单谓语)他能说一口流利的英语。
她好像不喜欢跳舞。
(复合谓语)3.表语(predicative):系动词之后的成分,表示主语的性质、状态和特征。
例如,他是一位老师。
(名词)你已经74岁了!你看起来不像。
(代词)五加五等于十。
(数词)他正在睡觉。
(形容词)他的父亲在里面。
(副词)这幅画挂在墙上。
(介词短语)我的手表不见了。
(形容词化的分词)XXX is to say "I'm poor。
I can't buy a ring."XXX is whether they will come。
Common linking verbs include: be。
sound。
look。
feel。
smell。
taste。
remain。
and seem。
It seems like a good idea。
The sound XXX I feel tired。
XXX: 1.I am a teacher。
2.They are on the playground。
3.My job is teaching English。
4.It gets cold。
5.It sounds interesting。
Object:1) Receiver of n - object of transitive XXXI like China (noun)。
英语句子成分分类详细解析(高中)
英语句子成分分类详细解析(高中)英语句子成分分类详细解析(高中)本文将详细解析英语句子成分的分类,供高中学生参考。
一、主语(Subject)主语是句子中的核心成分,通常是执行动作或者被动接受动作的实体。
主语通常回答句子中的谓语动词是“谁”或“什么”。
例如:“I love cats.”(我爱猫)中的“I”就是主语。
二、谓语(Predicate)谓语是句子中的动作或状态描述部分,通常由一个动词构成。
谓语可以是及物动词,需要接一个宾语,或者是不及物动词,不需要接宾语。
例如:“She is reading a book.”(她正在读一本书)中的“is reading”是谓语。
三、宾语(Object)宾语是谓语动词所作用的对象,它通常回答谓语动词的动作的“谁”或“什么”。
宾语可以是直接宾语或间接宾语。
直接宾语直接接在动词后,间接宾语通常通过介词与动词相关联。
例如:“He gave me a gift.”(他给了我一份礼物)中的“gift”是直接宾语,“me”是间接宾语。
表语是补充说明主语的成分,通常位于系动词之后。
表语可以是形容词、名词、副词等。
例如:“She is beautiful.”(她很漂亮)中的“beautiful”是表语。
五、状语(Adverbial)状语是修饰动词、形容词、副词或句子的成分,用来描述动作的方式、时间、地点、原因等。
状语可以放在句子的不同位置。
例如:“I often go to the park.”(我经常去公园)中的“often”就是状语。
六、定语(Adjective Modifier)定语是用来修饰名词或代词的成分,通常位于被修饰的名词或代词之前。
定语可以是形容词、名词、代词、分词等。
例如:“The red car is fast.”(红色的车跑得很快)中的“red”是定语。
七、同位语(Appositive)同位语是对某个名词或代词进行解释或补充说明的成分,通常置于被解释的名词或代词之后并用逗号隔开。
高一英语主系表结构
There is a new bed and an old desk in the room . 否定句:______________________________ There is not a bed or an old desk in the room. ______________________ Is there a bed or an old 一般疑问句 :__________________________ desk in the room? ______________________
2.具体结构: (1) There is + 单数可数名词/不可数名词+ 地点 状语. E.g. There is a desk in the classroom. 在教室里有一张桌子。 (2) There are + 复数名词+ 地点状语. E.g. There are 5 apples in the box. 盒子里有五个苹果。 口诀: “有”字放前面,有“啥”放中间; 时间地点放后面; 单数is, 复数are 注意be的两变化。
Li老师是个好老师。他很好。他在三楼。
Mr. Li is a good teacher. He is very good. He is on the third floor. (be) 他可能变成坏老师。 He might become a bad teacher. (become, get, turn, grow) (因为)Li老师保持沉默。 (because) He keeps silent. (keep, stay, remain)
3.表语:表语是用来修饰主语的,说明主语的身份,性 质、品性、特征和状态的,表语位于系动词之后,通常 由名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、不定式、动词的ing、从句来充当。表语就是起表述作用的句子成分。 例如: I am fine. ( fine 是形容词,作表语) He is a boy. ( boy 是名词,作表语) Five plus two is seven.( seven 是数词,作表语) We are here. ( here 是副词,作表语) He is not at home. (at home 是介词短语,作表语) My hobby is reading.( reading 是动名词,作表语) Our duty is to make our environment better. (to make 是不定式,作表语)
高一英语句子成分单选题 30 题
高一英语句子成分单选题30 题1. In the sentence “She likes reading books.”, what is the subject?A. SheB. likesC. readingD. books答案解析:A。
在这个句子中,“She”是主语,表示执行动作的人;“likes”是谓语动词,表示主语的动作;“reading books”整体是宾语,其中“reading”是动名词,“books”是“reading”的对象。
所以本题答案是A。
2. Which part is the predicate in the sentence “My mother makes delicious cakes.”?A. My motherB. makesC. delicious cakesD. none of them答案解析:B。
在句子“My mother makes delicious cakes.”中,“My mother”是主语,是句子描述的对象;“makes”是谓语,表示主语发出的动作;“delicious cakes”是宾语。
所以谓语部分是“makes”,答案为B。
3. In “They are playing football on the playground.”, the object is _.A. TheyB. are playingC. footballD. on the playground答案解析:C。
在这个句子里,“They”是主语,“are playing”是谓语(其中“are”是助动词,“playing”是主要的动词形式),“football”是宾语,表示动作的对象,“on the playground”是地点状语。
所以答案是C。
4. What is the subject in “The dog chased the cat.”?A. The dogB. chasedC. the catD. none of them答案解析:A。
高中英语高考复习句子成分详解(共五种)
高考英语句子成分英语的基本成分有八种:主语(subject)、谓语(predicate)、表语(predicative)、宾语(object)、定语(attribute)、状语(adverbial) 、补语(complement)和同位插入。
常用的英语句子除了基本句型的成分不变外,通常是在这些成分的前面或后面增加一些修饰语(modifier)而加以扩大。这些修饰语可以是单词(主要是形容词.副词和数词),也可以是各种类型的短语(主要是介词短语.不定式短语和分词短语)。我们称之为:定语.状语一、定语定语是对名词或代词起修饰.限定作用的词.短语或句子,汉语中常用‘……的’表示。定语通常位于被修饰的成分前。若修饰some,any,every,no构成的复合不定代词时,(如:something.nothing);或不定式.分词短语作定语.从句作定语时,则定语通常置后。副词用作定语时须放在名词之后。1.形容词作定语The little boy needs a blue pen.(little修饰名词boy;blue修饰名词pen.)小男孩需要一支兰色的钢笔。Tom is a handsome boy.Tom是个英俊的男孩。There is a good boy.有个乖男孩。数词作定语相当于形容词:Two boys need two pens.两个男孩需要两支钢笔。The two boys are students.这两个男孩是学生。There are two boys in the room.房间里有两个男孩。代词或名词所有格作定语:His boy needs Tom\'s pen.他的男孩需要Tom的钢笔。His name is Tom.他的名字是汤姆。There are two boys of Toms there.那儿有Tom家的两个男孩。介词短语作定语:The boy in the classroom needs a pen of yours.教室里的男孩需要你的一支钢笔。The boy in blue is Tom.穿兰色衣服的孩子是汤姆。There are two boys of 9,and three of 10.有两个9岁的,三个10岁的男孩。名词作定语:The boy needs a ball pen.男孩需要一支圆珠笔。It is a ball pen.这是一支圆珠笔。There is only one ball pen in the pencil box.这铅笔盒里只有一支圆珠笔。2.副词作定语The boy there needs a pen.那儿的男孩需要一支钢笔。The best boy here is Tom.这里最棒的男孩是Tom。3.不定式作定语The boy to write this letter needs a pen.写这封信的男孩需要一支钢笔。The boy to write this letter is Tom.将要写这封信的男孩是汤姆。There is nothing to do today.今天无事要做。4.分词(短语)作定语The smiling boy needs a pen bought by his mother.那个微笑的男孩需要一支他妈妈买的钢笔。The pen bought by her is made in China.她买的笔是中国产的。There are five boys left.有五个留下的男孩。5.定语从句The boy who is reading needs the pen which you bought yesterday.那个在阅读的男孩需要你昨天买的钢笔。The boy you will know is Tom.你将认识的男孩叫汤姆。There are five boys who will play the game.参加游戏的男孩有五个。二、状语状语修饰动词.形容词.副词或全句,说明方式.因果.条件.时间.地点.让步.方向.程度.目的等。状语在句子中的位置很灵活,常见情况为:通常在句子基本结构之后,强调时放在句首;修饰形容词或副词时,通常位于被修饰的词之前;表示时间.地点.目的的状语一般位于句子两头,强调时放在句首,地点状语一般须在时间状语之前;一些表示不确定时间(如:often)或程度(如:almost)的副词状语通常位于be动词.助动词.情态动词之后,动词之前。有时状语在句中的某个位置会引起歧义,应注意,如:The boy calls the girl in the classroom.一般理解成‘男孩喊教室里的女孩‘(此时in the classroom为girl的定语),也可以理解为‘男孩在教室里喊女孩’(此时in the classroom为地点状语),最好写作‘In the classroom,the boy calls the girl.'1.副词(短语)作状语The boy needs a pen very much.男孩非常需要一支钢笔。(程度状语)The boy needs very much the pen bought by his mother./男孩非常需要他母亲买的那支钢笔。(宾语较长则状语前置)The boy really needs a pen./男孩真的需要一支钢笔。(程度状语)The boy needs a pen now./Now,the boy needs a pen./The boy,now,needs a pen./男孩现在需要一支钢笔。(时间状语)2.介词短语作状语In the classroom,the boy needs a pen.在教室里,男孩需要一支钢笔。(地点状语)Before his mother,Tom is always a boy.在母亲面前,汤姆总是一个男孩子.(条件状语) On Sundays,there is no student in the classroom./星期天,教室里没有学生.(时间状语)3.分词(短语)作状语He sits there,asking for a pen./他坐在那儿要一支笔。(表示伴随状态)Having to finish his homework,the boy needs a pen./因为不得不完成作业,男孩需要一支笔。(原因状语)Frightened,he sits there soundlessly.(因为)受了惊吓,他无声地坐在那儿。(原因状语)4.不定式作状语The boy needs a pen to do his homework./男孩需要一支笔写家庭作业。(目的状语)To make his dream come true,Tom becomes very interested in business./为实现梦想,汤姆变得对商业很有兴趣。5.名词作状语Come this way!走这条路!(方向状语)状语从句:时间状语从句.地点状语从句.原因状语从句.结果状语从句.目的状语从句.比较状语从句.让步状语从句.条件状语从句三、同位语同位语是在名词或代词之后并列名词或代词对前者加以说明的成分,近乎于后置定语。如: We students should study hard./ (students是we的同位语,都是指同一批‘学生’)We all are students./ (all是we的同位语,都指同样的‘我们’)四、独立成分有时句子中会有一些与句子没有语法联系的成分,称为句子独立成分(注意:区别于分词独立结构)。感叹词:oh,hello,aha,ah,等。肯定词:yes否定词:no称呼语:称呼人的用语。插入语:一些句中插入的 I think , I believe,等。如:The story,I think,has never come to the end.我相信,这个故事还远没结束情态词:表示说话人的语气(多作为修饰全句的状语)perhaps也许,maybe大概,acturely实际上,certainly当然,等。五、分词独立结构分词作状语时其逻辑主语与句子的主语一致! 否则应有自己的逻辑主语,构成分词独立结构。
高中英语句子成分划分详解(全)
Grammar of Unit 1Different parts of a sentence概念句子是由词按照一定的语法结构组成的。
组成句子的各个部分叫做句子的成分。
句子的成分包括:主语、谓语、表语、宾语(直接和间接宾语)、宾语补足语、定语和状语。
主语和谓语是句子的主体部分(在英语中,一般句子必须有主语和谓语),表语、宾语和宾语的补足语是谓语里的组成部分。
其他成份如定语和状语是句子的次要成分。
▲句子成分分类1.主语主语是谓语讲述的对象,表示所说的“是什么”或“是谁”。
一般由名词、代词、不定代词或相当于名词的单词或短语来充当,也有从句充当的现象。
大多数主语都在句首。
如:讲述“谁”We work in a big factory.讲述“什么”The classroom is very big.数词作主语Three are enough. 三个人就够了不定式作主语To operate on the blind is one of the ORBIS Doctor’s job.从句作主语What we need is food. 我们最需要的是食物.▲在“There be …”句型中,主语的位置在中间。
如:There are some bottles of milk in the box.▲在个别句型中,主语在整个句子后面,这时前面用it作形式主语。
如:It is very interesting to play the game called “treat or trick”.It took two workers about three months to build the house.2.谓语谓语时用来说明主语“做什么”、“是什么”或“怎么样”,谓语必须是动词,谓语和主语在“人称”和“数”两方面必须一致。
如:He is very generous. She looks very smart and coolWe have finished the job. He can speak German.3.表语表语说明主语“是什么”或“怎么样”,由名词、形容词、介词、副词、不定式及相当于名词的词或短语来充当,它的位置在系动词后面。
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Lesson 1 句子成分【教学目标】1. 复习语法句子成分,掌握句子成分的构成,为长难句的理解打基础。
2.新题型讲解—语法填空技巧【教学重点】学会判断句子的各个成分;在不断巩固练习的基础上熟练掌握语法填空的技巧。
定义:构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。
句子成分主要有主语,谓语,宾语,表语,定语,状语,补足语,同位语等。
1、主语:句子的主体,全句述说的对象。
一般由名词、代词、不定式、动名词或从句担当,通常位于句首。
Jane is good at playing the piano. I need a book. To see is to believe. Seeing is believing. Smoking is bad for health. 找出下列句子中的主语1. She went out in a hurry.2. Tom is very tall.3. Pride goes before a fall.4. Looking up all the new words in the dictionary took him a lot of time.2、谓语:描述主语的行为动作或所处的状态。
由动词,动词短语或系动词加表语担任,常置于主语后。
谓语动词有人称,数,时态和语态的变化。
The train leaves at 6 o ’clock.She is reading.This song sounds wonderful.I worked out this problem under the help of my math teacher.动词分类:动词的分类:⑴行为动词:及物动词不及物动词Have A Try PART 1 语法讲解⑵系动词:be 动词和感官动词⑶情态动词⑷助动词谓语:⑴简单谓语⑵复合谓语助动词+主要动词情态动词+主要动词找出下列句子中的谓语1. His writing is very beautiful. 2. Some people will do just about anything to save money. 3. You should try your best to fulfill your tasks. . 3、宾语:表示动作的对象。
一般由名词(短语), 代词,数词,动名词(短语),动词不定式(短语),从句等充当,常置于谓语后。
He won the game. He likes playing computer. People love to get together to eat, drink and have fun with each other. Do you know that there will be a concert of Eason in Chongqing next week. 找出下列句子中的宾语1. Show your passport, please. 2. She didn't say a nything .3. Can you tell me the way to the nearest hospital. 4、表语:用以表述主语的特征、状态、身份等。
一般由名词(名词短语),代词,数词,动名词(短语),不定式(短语)或形容词担任,置于系动词之后。
He is a student. We are t ired.You look happy today. 注意:除了be 系动词外,还有一些动词也可以用作系动词,1)表感官的动词: sound, look, smell, taste, touch,feel, 等。
2)表转变变化的动词: go, become, turn, grow, get 等。
3)表延续的动词:keep, stay, remain 等。
找出下列句子中的表语1. The war was o ver.2. They seem to know the truth.3. Leaves turn y ellow in autumn.4. Food goes bad easily in summer.Have A Try Have A TryHave A Try5、定语:对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语或句子。
形容词,代词,介词短语,不定式(短语),动名词(短语),分词,从句等均可做定语。
单个词作定语通常置于被修饰词的前面;短语或从句作定语通常置于被修饰词的后面。
The black bike is mine.(black作定语)The boy in blue is Jim.(in blue作定语)I have nothing to do today.(nothing作定语)注意:1、当定语修饰不定代词如:nothing , anything , everything , something,anyone, everyone, someone 等时,定语要放在其后作后置定语。
I tell him something interesting.2、不定式、短语或从句作定语时,也放在被修饰的名词之后。
The boys who are in the room are playing games.I have something important to tell you now.找出下列句子中的定语Have A Try1. He is a clever boy.2. His spoken language is good.3. Is there anyone else who wants to go with me?6、状语:用以修饰动词,位置灵活。
它可以表示地点、时间、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、程度、和让步等。
副词,介词短语,不定式,分词均可做状语。
1)、修饰形容词或副词时,通常位于被修饰的词之前;I am very sorry.2)、表示时间、地点、目的的状语一般位于句子两头,强调时放在句首。
In order to cheer him up, I told him the truth.They are writing English in the classroom.3)、一些表示不确定时间(如:often)或程度(如:almost)的副词状语通常位于be动词、助动词、情态动词之后,动词之前。
We often help him.He is always late for class.状语种类如下:How about meeting again a t six? ( 时间状语)because of the rain. (原因状语)Last night she didn’t go to the dance party(条件状语)I shall go there i f it doesn’t rain.Mr Smith lives on the third floor.(地点状语)She put the eggs into the basket with great care.(伴随状语)She came in w ith a dictionary in her hand.(伴随状语)In order to catch up with the others, I must work harder. (目的状语)He was so tired t hat he fell asleep immediately.(结果状语)She works very hard t hough she is old.(让步状语)Have A Try找出下列句子中的状语1. I will be back in a while.2. They are playing on the playground.3. Only in this way, can you make a success.7、补语:补充说明主语和宾语的情况。
补语分为主语补足语和宾语补足语两种,可由名词,形容词,介词短语,分词和不定式等担任。
常位于宾语后。
He made me sad.(形容词)She asks me to take an umbrella.(不定式)The war made him a soldier.(名词)I find him at home.(介词短语)I saw a cat running along the wall.(分词)找出下列句子中的补语1. They called him the prince of gymnasts.2. I arrived at home very late, t ired and hungry.3. His words made us angry.8、同位语:在句中对某一成分作进一步的解释,说明,并且与其在语法上处于同等地位的句子成分叫做同位语,它通常位于名词、代词后面, 它可以由名词、代词、名词性短语或从句充当。
Tom, our monitor, is a handsome boy.I myself will do the experiment.The suggestion that the new rule be adopted came from the chairman.找出下列句子中的同位语1.The news t hat he won the match is so exciting.2.They expressed the wish that she accept the award.3.The fact that the money has gone does not mean it was stolen.复习Review Keep this in mind 主谓宾表定状补七种成分记清楚主谓宾表是主干辅助成分定状补定语修饰名或代状语修饰动形副We are famiHave A Try Have A Try一.强化训练(一) 挑出下列句中的宾语1. My brother hasn't done h is homework.2. People all over the world speak English.(二) 挑出下列句中的表语1. The old man felt very tired.2. The leaves have turned yellow.(三) 挑出下列句中的定语1. What is your given name?2. I am afraid some c areless people forgot to sweep the floor.(四) 挑出下列句中的宾语补足语1. She likes the children t o read newspapers and book s in the reading-room.2. He asked her to take the boy out of school.(五) 挑出下列句中的状语1. There was a big smile on her face.2. Every nigh t he heard the noise upstairs.PART 2 新题型讲解语法填空阅读下面材料,用不多于1个单词的正确形式填空Yangshuo,ChinaIt was raining lightly when I__1__(arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn. But I didncare. A few hours__2__, I’d been at home in Hong Kong, with __3_(it) choking smog. Here, the air was clean and fresh, even with the rain.I’d skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountaintops and dark waters of the Li River_4__are pictured by artists in so many Chinese_5__(painting). Instead, I ‘d head straight for Yangshuo. For those who fly to Guilin,-known city.it’s only an hour away__6_ car and offers all the scenery of the betterYangshuo__7__(be) really beautiful. A study of travelers_8__(conduct) by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world. And thetown is fast becoming a popular weekend destination for people in Asia. Abercrombie& Kent, a travel company in Hong Kong, says it__9__(regular) arranges quick getaways here for people_10__(live) in Shanghai and Hong Kong.Keys: 1. arrived 2. before 3. its 4. which 5. paintings 6. by 7. is 8. conducted 9. regularly 10. living总结:新题型技巧——语法填空题型特征语法填空题是在一篇200词左右的语言材料中留出10个空白,每空 1.5分,共15分。