某楼层电梯的电气控制系统设计

高等教育自学考试本科毕业论文某楼层电梯的电气控制系统设计

考生姓名：准考证号：

专业层次：本科院（系）：机电一体化指导教师：职称：讲师

重庆科技学院

二O一四年十二月二十日

高等教育自学考试本科毕业论文

某楼层电梯的电气控制系统设计

考生姓名：

准考证号：

专业层次：本科

指导教师：

院（系）：机电工程学院

重庆科技学院

二O一四年十二月二十日

摘要

随着我国经济的高速发展，微电子技术、计算机技术和自动控制技术也得到了迅速发展，交流变频调速技术已经进入一个崭新的时代，其应用越来越广。而电梯作为现代高层建筑的垂直交通工具，与人们的生活紧密相关，随着人们对其要求的提高，电梯得到了快速发展。近年来，我国的电梯生产技术得到了迅速发展．一些电梯厂也在不断改进设计、修改工艺。更新换代生产更新型的电梯，电梯主要分为机械系统与控制系统两大部份，随着自动控制理论与微电子技术的发展，电梯的拖动方式与控制手段均发生了很大的变化，交流调速是当前电梯拖动的主要发展方向。目前电梯控制系统主要有三种控制方式：继电路控制系统(“早期安装的电梯多位继电器控制系统)、PLC控制系统、微机控制系统。继电器控制系统由于故障率高、可靠性差、控制方式不灵活以及消耗功率大等缺点，目前已逐渐被淘汰。微机控制系统虽在智能控制方面有较强的功能，但也存在抗扰性差，系统设计复杂，一般维修人员难以掌握其维修技术等缺陷。而PLC控制系统由于运行可靠性高，使用维修方便，抗干扰性强,设计和调试周期较短等优点，倍受人们重视等优点，已成为目前在电梯控制系统中使用最多的控制方式，目前也广泛用于传统继电器控制系统的技术改造。本文在已有的通变频器的基础上，采用PLC 对电梯进行控制，通过合理的选择和设计，提高了电梯的控制水平，并改善了电梯运行的舒适感，使电梯达到了较为理想的控制效果。

关键词： PLC控制变频调速电梯舒适感 / PLC 电梯 / 可控式编程器

A floor elevator electrical control system design

ABSTRACT

With the development of the economy, microelectronic technology, computer technology and the automatic theory are developed rapidly, the AC variable frequency technology has been in a new state. Its application is becoming more and more widely. But the elevator as an important traffic in skyscraper，it also has developed quickly with the improving requirement of the people . therecent years, our country's elevator production technology obtainedthe rapidly expand. Some elevator factory unceasingly is alsoimproving the design, the revision craft. The renewal productionrenewal's elevator, the elevator mainly divides into the mechanicalsystem and the control system two major parts, along with theautomatic control theory and microelectronic technology'sdevelopment, elevator's dragging way and the control method has hadthe very big change, the exchange velocity modulation is thecurrent elevator dragging main development direction. At presentthe lift control system mainly has three control modes: Followingelectric circuit control system (“early installment elevator manyblack-white control system), PLC control system, microcomputercontrol system. Because the black-white control system the failurerate is high, the reliability is bad, control mode not nimble aswell as consumed power big and so on shortcomings, at present hasbeen eliminated gradually.

The article is based on the now-being general frequency converter, using PLC to control the elevator, the reliability is improved and the feeling of comfort is better through the reasonable selection and design, so the effect of control is more ideal.

Keywords：PLC control frequency conversion timing elevatorfeeling of comfort，PLC elevator，controllable -like programmer