英语五种基本句型

英语五种基本句型列式如下：基本句型一:Ｓ＋Ｖ（主＋谓）基本句型二:Ｓ＋Ｖ＋Ｐ（主＋系＋表）基本句型三:Ｓ＋Ｖ＋Ｏ（主＋谓＋宾）基本句型四:Ｓ＋Ｖ＋IO＋DO（主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾）基本句型五:Ｓ＋Ｖ＋Ｏ＋Ｃ（主＋谓＋宾＋宾补）请判断下列句子属于哪种基本句型?1）I am a student.2）His face turns red.3）We went to the movies yesterday.4）She is watching TV now.5）He is going camping next week.6）We must keep the room clean.7）You could give him a ticket of the match.8）We will go there in three days.句子句子是由词按照一定的语法结构组成的。

组成句子的各个部分叫做句子的成分，包括：主语、谓语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语。

主语和谓语是句子的主体部分。

主语The Subject (S.)主语是谓语讲述的对象，表示句子所说的是“什么人”或“什么事物”，一般由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词或短语等充当。

主语一般在句首。

1. Gina is from Australia.2. Lucy is an American girl.3. She often goes to the movies.4. We study in No.1 Middle School.5. The classroom is very clean.6. Three plus five equals eight.7.To teach them English is my job.→It is my job to teach them English.名词Noun（n.）我们身边存在着形形色色的人和物，它们都有自己的称呼，我们用来称呼它们的词就是名词。

概括来说表示人、事物、地方、现象或抽象概念等的名称的词都叫名词。

如：Tom, China, boy, door, pencil, peace代词Pronoun（pron.）代词是代替名词的一种词类。

大多数代词具有名词和形容词的功能。

用来代替名词、形容词或数词。

如：we, that, his, what1.人称代词2.物主代词3.指示代词4.疑问代词指示代词表示“这个”、“那个”、“这些”、“那些”等指示概念的代词。

谓语The Predicate (V.)说明主语“做什么”、“是什么”或者“怎么样”。

谓语（谓语部分里主要的词）必须用动词。

谓语和主语在“人称”和“数”两方面必须一致。

谓语一般在主语后面。

1. We are both quiet.2. He has a toothache.3. His parents are teachers.4. She looks well.5. We study hard.6. We have finished the job.7. He can speak English.表语The Predicative说明主语“是什么”或者“怎么样”，由名词、形容词或相当于名词或形容词的词或短语等充当，和系动词一起构成谓语。

一般在系动词后面。

1. Her mother is a bank clerk.2. Are you ready?3. Our country is getting stronger.4. You look younger than before.5. They are at home now.6. My book is on the desk.7. Everybody is here.宾语The Object (O.)表示动作、行为的对象，由名词、代词或相当于名词的词或短语等充当，和及物动词一起说明主语“做什么”。

一般在谓语之后。

1. All of us like him.2. He’s playing soccer.3. Can I ask some questions?4. She is playing the piano now.5. He often helps me.6. Lucy likes to sleep in the open air.7. We enjoy living in China.定语The Attribute (A.)用来修饰名词或代词。

由形容词、代词、数词、名词、介词短语不定式或相当于形容词的词或短语等充当。

因为名词、代词既可做主语，又可做表语、宾语，所以定语的位置很灵活，凡有名词、代词的地方都可以有定语。

1. I have something to do.2. What’s your name, please?3. She’s a good basketball player.4. The girl behind the tree is my sister.5. The little boy gave me a big apple.6. The black bike is mine.7. They made paper flowers.状语The Adverbial (adv.)用来修饰动词、形容词或副词，一般表示行为发生的时间、地点、目的、方式、程度等意义，通常由副词、介词短语不定式或相当于副词的词或短语等来充当。

1. People are all working hard.2. Beijing is not very cold in winter.3. He did it carefully.4. They want to see her very badly.5. Without his help, we couldn’t work it out.6. Suddenly it began to rain.7. He sat there smoking.补语Complement (C.)英语中有些句子只有宾语并不能表达完整的意思，还必须在宾语后加上宾语补足语才能表达完整的意思。

“宾语+宾语补足语”合称复合宾语。

宾语补足语主要用来说明宾语的特征、状态或身份，主要由形容词、名词、副词、介词短语、分词等充当。

1. I found it very difficult to find work.2. Yesterday he got his leg broken.3. We must keep the classroom clean.4. The boss kept them working all day.5. I saw a stranger enter the building.6. We will make you monitor.7. Leave the door open.1. Last week I went to the supermarket.Last week I went to the supermarket.状主谓状2. The play was very interesting.The play was very interesting.主系状表3. I can’t hear a word.I can’t hear a word.主谓宾4. They were talking loudly.They were talking loudly.主谓状5. It was Sunday.It was Sunday.主系表6. I never get up early on Sundays.I never get up early on Sundays.主状谓状状7. I looked at the young man and the young woman angrily.I looked at the young man and the young woman angrily.主谓宾宾状8. I read a few lines, but I didn’t understand a word.I read a few lines, but I didn’t understand a word.主谓定宾连主谓宾9. My holidays passed quickly, but I didn’t send cards to my friends.My holidays passed quickly, but I didn’t send cards to my friends.主谓状连主谓宾状10. I got up early and bought thirty cards.I got up early and bought thirty cards.主谓状连谓定宾11. He is working for a big firm and he has already visited a great number of different places in Australia.He is working for a big firm and he has already visited a great number of different主谓状连主谓状谓定定places in Australia.宾定12. He has just bought a car and has gone to Alice Springs, a small town in the centre of Australia.He has just bought a car and has gone to Alice Springs, a small town in the centre of 主谓状谓宾连谓状同位语定Australia.他刚买了一辆车然后去了澳大利亚市中心的一个小镇上的爱丽斯温泉.13. He calls at every house in the street once a month and always asks for a meal and a glass of beer.He calls at every house in the street once a month and always asks for主谓宾定状连状谓a meal and a glass of beer.宾他每月一次到这条街来拜访每户人家，而且总是要一顿饭和一杯啤酒。