初中英语解题思路—科普环保类(阅读理解)

科普环保类专项练习

学校:______________________

一、阅读理解

When you watch TV programs about wild animals, it is surprising to see how an antelope (羚羊) can run away from a strong lion. In the wilderness, everyone has his own way to protect himself. Even plants have their own ways to fight off enemies.

Over millions of years, plants have developed their own defense system (防卫系统). Chemicals are fantastically used by plants to survive (幸存). By making their leaves, flowers, roots and fruits poisonous (有毒的) to enemies, plants can fight back.

One such plant is the Golden Wattle tree. The British scientist David Cameron has found when an animal eats the tree’s leaves, the amount (数量) of poison increases in the other leaves. “It’s like the injured leaves telephoning the others to fight together against the enemy,” he said.

The tree also sends defense messages to neighboring plants by giving out a special smell. Golden Wattle trees in the nearby 45 meters will get the message and produce more poison within 10 minutes. Now, if an enemy eats too many of the trees’ leaves, he will die.

Every kind of plant or tree is good at producing a special set of chemicals. Herbivores, like rabbits, can safely eat the leaves of one tree, but they may be poisoned by its neighbor.

In this way, plants have not only developed their own defense system, but also shared it with others. This makes it impossible for a single animal to destroy even a small area of forest. 1．From the first 2 paragraphs, we can learn that _________.

A. plants can do nothing against their enemies

B. chemicals are quite useful for plants to survive

C. an antelope can always run away from a strong lion

D. leaves, roots, flowers and fruits of plants are poisonous

2．If anima ls eat one Golden Wattle tree’s leaves, the tree can________.

A. kill the animals with a special smell

B. tell other trees to come to protect it

C. warn other trees against the animals on the phone

D. send defense messages to the neighboring plants

3．The u nderlined word “herbivores” in the 5th paragraph probably means animals which _____. A．produce poison B．live on small animals

C．like to eat rabbits D．feed on plants or grass

4．The last paragraph of the passage suggests that this kind of defense system is ________. A．bad for animals B．good for forests

C．helpful to some animals D．harmful to forests

5．The passage is mainly about __________.

A．the examples of protecting forests

B．the balance between animals and plants

C．the ways of plants fighting against enemies

D．the relationship between lions and antelopes

Qi Haoran, a Junior 1 student, was quite busy over the past winter vacation – and not just with homework.Qi, together with 10 other classmates made a volunteer group to call on people to join the Clean Your Plate Campaign (“光盘行动”).

The 11 students went to many restaurants and told people the importance of saving food.“Excuse me, do you know that 950 million people around the world still haven’t got enough to eat? Please don’t waste food.” They would say this kind of thing hundreds of times every day.

The Clean Your Plate Campaign began on the Internet in January.It calls on people to reduce food waste.

China in these years had serious problems with wasted TV reported in January that the food Chinese people waste every year is enough to feed 200 million people for a year.

Chinese people are well known for being hospitable (好客的) and generous（大方的）.Many even feel that they lose face if their guests have eaten all the food.

Luckily, the campaign has got the support of many.In a restaurant in Xinjiang, the owner give the guests who have eaten all that they ordered a sticker (贴花).People can enjoy a free meal when they have 10 stickers.More than 750 restaurants in Beijing have begun to offer smaller dishes and encourage their guests to take leftovers (剩饭剩菜) home.

To reduce food waste is a big task, and i t needs time.It’s important that everyone does their bit, just like Qi.Did you finish your meals today?

根据短文容，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选择最恰当的答案。

6．What did the 11 students do in the winter vacation?

A.The helped each other with homework.

B.They opened a restaurant together.

C.They volunteered for a campaign.

D.They collected money from customers in restaurants.

7．In this passage the underlined word “call on ” means ______.

A.打

B.号召

C.拜访

D.叫喊

8．The Clean Your Plate Campaign calls on people to _____.

A.do volunteer work

B.work part time in restaurants

C.cut down on food waste

D.wash your plates after dinner

9．From Paragraphs 4-5, we learn that _____.

A.wasting food is a serious problem in China

B.Chinese people waste the most food in the world

C.Chinese people want to show off that they are rich

D.most Chinese people are afraid of losing face at the table

10．What did the restaurant in Beijing do to support the campaign?

A.The owner would have dinner with those who had eaten up their food.

B.It offered a free meal to the guests who had finished all their food ten times.

C.It gave stickers to the guests who ordered small dishes.

D.It encouraged customers to take leftovers home.