高考专题复习情态动词

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高考语法复习之情态动词

高考语法复习之情态动词

五、will和would的用法 1.will (1)表示请求、建议,常用于第二人称。 Will you please go with me? (2)表示意愿、决定、允许。 I will never do that again. (3)表示习惯性动作或某种倾向,“总是,惯于”,通常用 于第三人称。 Fish will die out of water.
解析
句意为:要耐心。你不能期望世界会这么快地改变。 not可能不;
can’t不可能,不能;needn’t没有必要;may will not将不会,不会。根据句意知选A项。
5.—I haven’t got the reference book yet,but I’ll have a test on the subject next month. —Don’t worry.You A.could
—I’m afraid n我可以把这本书带出去吗?——恐怕不
行。may可用来表示请求、许可。
4.Just be patient.You soon. A.can’t C.may not
A
expect the world to change so (2010· 全国Ⅰ,29) B.needn’t D.will not
感悟高考
1.You
D
buy a gift,but you can if you want to. (2010· 湖南,23) B.mustn’t D.don’t have to
A.must C.have to
解析
句意为:你不必买礼物,但是如果你想买的话也可以
买。mustn’t禁止,不可以;don’t have to不必。根据句意, D项正确。
Ⅰ.用适当的情态动词填空 1. Looking people in the eye can sometimes make them nervous and embarrassed. 2.—Oh my god!You shouldn’t wear slippers to attend the conference. —I’m sorry.I forgot there is a conference. 3.—Hello,Peter.Would you please go shopping with me after school? —Sorry.Our school is a boarding school.In school days nobody shall go out of school without the head teacher’s permission.

高考专题复习——情态动词

高考专题复习——情态动词

高考专题复习——情态动词发表时间:2011-10-19T10:36:23.293Z 来源:《学英语》(高中教师版)2011年第2期供稿作者:佘巧荣[导读] 无三人称单数形式,无非谓语形式,后接动词原形。

湖南邵东十中佘巧荣一、情态动词的种类Can,could;may,might;shall,should;must;will,would;ought to;have to;dare(daren’t);need(needn’t);used to二、情态动词的特点无三人称单数形式,无非谓语形式,后接动词原形。

三、各个情态动词的含义Can/could1.表能力:表示某人本身具备的一般的能力Compare:was/were able to:表示过去经过一番努力做成了某事,相当于manage to do sth./ succeeded in doing sth.此时不用could。

例如:⑴There was a big fire in the house, but he was able to escape.A computer ______ think for itself; it must be told what to do.A. can’tB. couldn’tC. may notD. might not答案:A,表示本身具备的能力。

⑵The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone ______ get out.A. had toB. wouldC. couldD. was able to答案:D,表示在具体场合成功地做了某事。

⑶He studied hard and ___ pass the examination.A. could be able toB. couldC. was able toD. ought to答案:C。

⑷In three months he ___speak good English.A. canB. can be able toC. will be able toD. may beCan,could 只能表现在或过去的能力,而be able to有各种时态形式。

高考情态动词归纳

高考情态动词归纳

情态动词归纳表情态V词义&用法注意事项特殊用法can could 1.表具备某种能力Can表现在能力;Could表示过去能力.可用be able to代替;was/were able to to表示成功做了某事(1)表惊异、怀疑、不相信、不耐烦等。

(此意常用于否定句、疑问句或惊叹句语气)Can/Could this be true?(2)can not…too\enough表示"无论怎样``````也不过分","越``````越好":You can't be too careful.2.表请求和允许①请求用could 语气委婉②允许不用could.3.表“可能性”①can用于否定和疑问句(could不限)②can (be)表示有时候会(常与sometimes, at times 连用)may might 1.表请求和允许①请求用might语气更委婉。

②允许时用may,表示“可以”(表示允许时不用might)。

(1)may/might well+V原形:表"完全可能,,很可能"= be very likely to:He maywell be proud for his son.(2)may/might as well+V原形:"最好,满可以,倒不如"You may as well stay here over night.2.表可能性“也许”此意常用于肯定句。

(might可能最小)3表祝愿固定句型为“May+主语+V原型”:May you succeed!must 1.表“必须”①must多表主观、现在/将来义务;have to多表客观、过去义务②mustn't表"禁止";否定用needn't /don't have to(1)表示必然结果:All men must die.人固有一死。

高考英语情态动词专题训练答案及解析

高考英语情态动词专题训练答案及解析

高考英语情态动词专题训练答案及解析一、单项选择情态动词1.No student ________ go out of school to have lunch without permission of the headteacher. A.might B.mustC.shall D.could【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。

句意:未经校长允许,任何学生不得离开学校去吃午饭。

might可能;must一定,必须;shall会,将;could能够。

本句是一条禁令。

shall用于肯定句并且主语是第一、三人称时,表示允诺,警告,劝告等语气。

故选C。

2.According to a newly released regulation on online video services, no one _____ generate, release or spread fake news or information by using such technologies.A.can B.shall C.will D.may【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。

句意:根据最新发行的关于网络视频服务的规章,任何人都不可以使用此类技术生成、发行或者传播虚假消息。

A. can 能够,有时会;B. shall 一三人称表示征求对方意见;二三人称陈述句,表示允诺、威胁、恐吓或法律条文的规定。

C. will 意愿;D. may 也许,可能。

根据前面的regulation(规定)可知,本题选shall更加合理。

故选B。

3.---Artistic people can be very difficult sometimes.---Well, you______know---you married one.A.might B.would C.shall D.should【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词词义辨析。

A. might可能,也许;B. would将会;C. shall必须,会;D. should 应该。

情态动词高中知识点高三

情态动词高中知识点高三

情态动词高中知识点高三情态动词是一类具有特殊意义和用法的动词,它们在句子中一般与实义动词连用,表示说话人的推测、命令、请求、建议等情态。

在高中英语学习中,掌握情态动词的正确用法至关重要。

本文将介绍情态动词的相关知识点,帮助高三学生更好地运用这一语法现象。

一、情态动词的定义情态动词,又称情态助动词,是用来表示说话人对某种动作或状态的态度、推测、可能性、能力、意愿、义务等情态的一类特殊动词。

常见的情态动词包括can、could、may、might、must、shall、should、will、would等。

二、情态动词的用法1. 表示能力情态动词can表示某人具有能力或可能做某事,could用于过去说法。

例如:- She can speak three languages fluently.(她能说流利的三种语言)- He could lift the heavy boxes when he was younger.(他年轻时能搬起这些沉重的箱子)2. 表示推测和可能性情态动词may、might、could用于表示推测和可能性。

may用于表示较为肯定的推测,might和could表示推测的可能性较小。

例如:- The weather is cloudy, it may rain later.(天气多云,可能会下雨)- He might be late for the meeting.(他可能会迟到会议)3. 表示义务和建议情态动词must表示说话人对某种行为具有强烈的责任感或坚决要求,should表示建议。

例如:- We must obey the laws of the country.(我们必须遵守国家的法律)- You should apologize to your friend for your mistake.(你应该为你的错误向朋友道歉)4. 表示许可和请求情态动词can、may、could用于表示允许和请求。

语法2情态动词及动词的时态语态

语法2情态动词及动词的时态语态

16) Jack _______ yet, otherwise he would have telephoned me. (97 上海卷) A. mustn’t have arrived B. shouldn’t have arrived
C. can’t have arrived D. need not have arrived 答案 C 17) “ Could I call you by your first name?” “ Yes, you _______.” A. will 答案 C B. could (98 上海卷) C. may D. might
4) The fire spread through the hotel very quickly, but everyone _______ get out. (NMET97) A. had to 答案 B. would C. could D. was able to
D 5) “When can I come for the photos? I need them tomorrow afternoon.” “They _______ be ready by 12:00.” (NMET 98) A. can 答案 B B. should C. might D. need
18) There was a lot of fun at yesterday’s party. You ______ come, but why didn’t you? (99 上海卷) A. must have C. need have 答案 D B. should D. ought to have
4、现在进行时: 1)、 have, be, hear, see, like, remember, find 及 sound等一般不用进行时。 2)、 go, come, start, leave及arrive可用进行时表 示将来。 3)、be always doing表示正在干…,常有责备或表扬 之意。 4)、be asking for trouble习惯都用进行时。

高考英语必备语法:情态动词

高考英语必备语法:情态动词

高考英语必备语法:情态动词高考英语必备语法:情态动词情态动词一、can和could1、can的用法(1)表示体力和脑力方面的能力。

(2)表示对现在的动作或状态进行主观的猜测,主要用在否定句和疑问句中。

(3)表示可能性,理论上的可能性,意为“有时候可能会”,可用于肯定句。

(4)表示允许,意思与may接近。

(5)表示说话人的推测、怀疑、惊异、猜测或不肯定等,主要用于否定句、疑问句或感叹句中。

(6)can的特殊句型cannot…too / enou gh表示“无论怎么。

也不过分”。

“越。

越好”。

cannot but+ do sth.表示“不得不,只好”。

2、could的用法(1)表示能力,指的是过去时间。

(2)表示允许,指的是过去时间。

(3)表示可能,可以指过去时间,也可以指现在时间,表示语气缓和。

(4)委婉客气地提出问题或陈述看法,指的是现在时间。

主要用于疑问句,回答时用can。

3、can与could的区别can表推测时只用于否定句和疑问句(could无此限制)。

couldn’t的可能性比can’t小。

4、can与be able to的区别(1)现在时:无区别,但后者不常用。

(2)完成时;can没有完成时,此时要用have(has,had)been able to。

(3)将来时:can没有将来时,要用will be able to。

(4)过去时:could表示一般能力,was/were able to 表示在具体场合通过努力成功做成某事的能力。

二、may 和might1、may的用法(1)表示询问或说明一件事可不可以做。

(2)表示一件事或许会发生或某种情况可能会存在,通常用在肯定句和否定句中。

注意:表示可能性时,can’t语气强,表示“不可能”,may not语气弱,表示“可能不”。

2、might的用法(1)表示询问或允许,指的是过去时间。

(2)表示可能发生的事,可以指过去时间,也可以指现在时间,语气更加不肯定,可能性比may小一些。

高考中对情态动词的考查

高考中对情态动词的考查

高考中对情态动词的考查情态动词是高考考查的重点语法项目之一,2005年全国17套高考试题对此都有考查。

下面就近几年来高考试题中出现的情态动词的考点实行归纳分析,以便同学们复习掌握。

一、情态动词表推测1. 肯定的推测一般用must, should, may(might)或could(不用can),其中,must的语气最强,译为“肯定”、“准是”、“想必是”;should的语气次之,译为“很可能”、“应该”,指按常理推测;may(might),could的语气最弱,译为“也许”、“可能”。

①Helen _______ go on the trip with us but she isn’t quite sure yet. (2005年安徽卷)A. shallB. mustC. mayD. can②—I’ve taken someone else’s green sweater by mistake.—It ___ Harry’s. He always wears green. (2005年广东卷)A. has to beB. will beC. mustn’t beD. could be③I have lost one of my gloves. I _______ it somewhere.(2005年北京春季卷)A. must dropB. must have droppedC. must be droppingD. must have been dropped④If I ____ plan to do anything I wanted to ,I’d like to go to Tibet and travel through as much of it as possible. (2005年湖北卷)A. wouldB. couldC. had toD. ought toKey:C D B B2. 否认推测分为两种情况:1)语气不很肯定时,常用may not, might not或could not,译为“可能不”、“也许不”。

高考英语情态动词讲解

高考英语情态动词讲解

(一)情态动词常考点will很可能,大概不会,不该会,,吗?(一)表能力would可能性比will小语气比won’t弱语气比will弱canshould说话者有较大的试探性// 表示现在的能力beableto说话者有较大的试探性willbeableto oughtto:表示将来的能力// (含义同should)could表示过去的能力was/wereabletocan/不可能有可能吗?couldhave+过去分词:表示过去有能力做但未做could可疑的可能不可能语气比can弱如:Iamstarvingtodeath。

I can eattwobowlsofricenow。

或许,也许,也未可知,(现在的能力)我快饿死了,现在我能吃两碗米饭。

可能不/ may也说不定Ifyouhaveagoodsleep,you willbeableto workoutthisproblem。

might比may还弱比maynot还弱/ (将来的能力)如果你好好睡一觉,你将能够解出这道题。

(2)表示具体事情实际发生的可能性时,may,must常用于肯定句,一般不用于否定句和疑问句(maynot表示Thefirespreadthroughthehotelveryquicklybuteveryone wasableto getout。

“可能不”);can常用于否定句、疑问句或感叹句中,表示疑惑、惊讶或不相信等意思;could既可用于肯定句,(过去成功的做了某事)尽管这场大火迅速蔓延到了整个宾馆,但是每个人都能够逃出又可用于否定句、疑问句中。

如:去。

This can’t/couldn’t bedonebyhim。

(表不相信)I couldhaveworked outtheproblem,butIdidn’t。

这不可能是他做的。

(过去有能力做但未做)我本来可以解决这个问题,但没有解决。

This maynot bedonebyhim。

专题03 情态动词和虚拟语气(解析版)(全国通用版)-高考英语复习

专题03 情态动词和虚拟语气(解析版)(全国通用版)-高考英语复习

专题03 情态动词和虚拟语态情态动词★ 情态动词:can, could, may, might, must, ought to, shall, will, would, need ,dare1. 表示推测的情态动词1.1基本原则:1.1.2 对现在或将来情况推测,用情态动词+do / be / be doing…对过去的推测,用情态动词+have done / been…1.1.3表示肯定推测的情态动词,按可能性由大到小依次为:must> should / oughtto>may>might>could1.1.4否定推测,按语气由强到弱依次为:can’t / couldn’t(根本不可能)>may not> mightnot/could not(可能不)。

1.2 具体用法:1.2.1 must be表示推测,意为“一定是……” 只用于肯定句中must have done意为“一定做过某事或某事肯定发生了” 并且有前文铺垫e.g. Listen! There must be some children in the room.The road is wet. It must have rained last night.1.2.2 should (not) / ought (not) to在中表示根据常规或常识推测,表示“某事应该或不应该发生”e.g. It is nearly 7 o’clock. Jack should be here at any moment.You shouldn’t be texting in the class now. We are having a lesson.(should not 含有责备之意)1.2.3 can, could表达推测时,一般用于疑问句和否定句中;can用于肯定句中表示一种理论上的可能性,意为“有时候会…”,并不牵涉是否真的会发生;could用于肯定句中,语气比may/ might更弱。

高考(完整版)情态动词大全

高考(完整版)情态动词大全

高考(完整版)情态动词大全一、选择题1.It’s amazing that the pen ________turn voice into text with few mistakes.A.can B.must C.may D.need2.Think twice before making a decision, or you __________ get into trouble.A.may B.can't C.shouldn't D.mustn't 3.—Dad, must we wait until the light becomes green?—Yes, I am afraid we ________. That’s the traffic rule.A.may B.can C.have to D.need4.—________ you give me a hand? I can’t put up the poster by myself.—No problem.A.Could B.Should C.Need D.Must5.— Is Lang Lang going to perform at Art Center this Friday?— Yes. It ________ be him. He has been here for three days.A.might B.must C.mustn’t D.may6.You'd better __________ hard from now on, __________ you will fail the exam. A.work; and B.working; or C.working; and D.work; or 7.—Where is Tom? I am considering ________ him about the result of the exam.—Oh. You ________. He has known it already.A.to tell; can't B.telling; needn't C.tell; mustn't D.told; shouldn't 8.When you visit a museum, some instructions should ________ and we’d better not ________ them.A.pay attention to; be against B.be paid attention; againstC.be paid attention to; against D.be paid attention to; be against9.We shouldn’t throw any objects from the building. Even a small object ________ cause serious injuries or death, when dropped from a great height.A.must B.should C.may D.need10.A lot of online resources ________ be used either by teachers at school or parents at home. A.can B.should C.need D.must11.—Will my car be ready by the end of the day?—It ________ be, sir. I’ll call if there’s any problem.A.must B.could C.shall D.should12.If you buy your mum an iRobot floor cleaner, she ________ sweep the floor every day. A.can’t B.mustn’t C.needn’t D.shouldn’t 13.— Zoe, what do you think is the greatest advantage of shopping online?— At least I ______ spend much time going from shop to shop.A.shouldn’t B.can’t C.needn’t D.mustn’t 14.—Have you decided to take up teaching as career after graduation?—I ________ go abroad for further education instead. But it depends.A.must B.should C.may D.shall15.The boy is very brave.I ________ he ________ the tall tree.A.dare say; dares to climbB.dare to say; dare climbingC.dare saying; dares climbD.dare to say; dares climbed16.—Amy, I hear you've got many foreign coins._______ I have a look?—Of course, I'll fetch them for you.A.May B.MustC.Should D.Need17.When I was young, my father ___________ take me to climb the hill which was not far from our house.A.may B.must C.would D.should 18.—Would you please________in that way? That’s not safe!—Sorry. I won’t do it any more.A.not driving B.not to drive C.no driving D.not drive 19.Dr. Zhong Nanshan once said, "To prevent the spread of this disease, we________never be too careful."A.can B.may C.must D.should20.I ________ hear you clearly. Would you please repeat it?A.mustn’t B.can’t C.needn’t D.shouldn’t 21.For the safety of the passengers, objects like guns ________ be carried on board.A.may not B.needn’t C.might not D.mustn’t 22.—Must I finish all my homework today, Mum?—No, you ________, my dear. You can finish some tomorrow if you like.A.needn’t B.shouldn’t C.can’t D.mustn’t 23.—Suzy described every detail of the accident just now.—Her memory ________ be completely back.A.shall B.need C.must D.could24.— Mum, why do I have to wash hands so many times a day?—You ________ be too careful, for your health.A.can’t B.mustn’t C.may not D.needn’t25.—In China, many parents complain that their children have to stay up late to do the homework.—Don’t worry. The government has realized the problem. I’m sure there ________ be good news soon.A.can B.should C.need D.must26.I think all the students love the weekends because, to them, they ________ get up early on Saturdays or Sundays.A.mustn’t B.don’t need C.needn’t D.can’t 27.—Shall I tell him the change of the time right now?—I’m afraid you ________, otherwise he will be late for the meeting.A.can B.may C.must D.need 28.—Seventy dollars for such a dress! You ________ be joking!—I’m serious. It’s made of silk fr om Hangzhou.A.must B.need C.will D.can29.Our Chemistry teacher always tells us we ________ be too hardworking before the exams. A.mustn’t B.shouldn’t C.needn’t D.can’t 30.—Could you tell me how to renew the library books?—With pleasure. You ________ com e to our desk every time. It’s easier to renew them online. A.can’t B.mustn’t C.needn’t D.shouldn’t31.A hard-working man ________ become a great scientist, but a great scientist ________ be a hard-working man.A.can’t; can B.may not; must C.can’t; must D.may not; can 32.—The article says that a person’s animal sign decides his personality.—You ________ read it for fun, but don’t believe in that.A.can B.must C.shouldn’t D.needn’t 33.—Who’s singing next door? Is it Miss Wang?—It ________ be her. She’s hav ing the board meeting.A.can’t B.shouldn’t C.mustn’t D.needn’t34.To avoid ________, we’d better ________ the parents’ meeting online.A.gather; hold B.gathering; hold C.gather; holding D.to gather; to hold 35.—How do you like my new dress?—Well, if I ________ say, it is not suitable for you.A.may B.must C.have to D.should36.— Excuse me, could you tell me where the Nanjing Brocade Museum is?—Go along this road for five minutes. You ________ miss it. It’s a huge building.A.mustn’t B.can’t C.needn’t D.shouldn’t 37.—Must the children leave at six tomorrow morning?—No, they _______. They can have more time to get ready for the trip.A.can’t B.needn’t C.mustn’t D.may not 38.—Why didn’t you tell it to me earlier?— Why ________ I? I want to have my own secret.A.can B.may C.should D.shall 39.—Hurry up, Jack! Let’s cross the road as fast as possible.—No, you ________. Don’t you see the light is still red?A.couldn’t B.wouldn’t C.mustn’t D.needn’t 40.—Must we stop the Japanese government discharging nuclear waste water (排放核污水) into the Pacific Ocean?—________. Because everyone should protect our earth and it is bad ________ us to eat the polluted seafood and drink the waste water.A.Yes, we can; of B.No, we mustn’t; of C.Yes, we must; for D.No, we needn’t; for【参考答案】一、选择题1.A解析:A【详解】句意:神奇的是,这支笔能把声音转换成文字,而且很少出错。

(完整版)高考情态动词讲解

(完整版)高考情态动词讲解

语法专题(三)情态动词考点归纳考点一:情态动词表示能力1.表现在的或一般的能力:表示现在的或一般的能力用can或be able to,can 比be able to 使用得更普遍。

can 侧重指有能力做某事;而be able to更强调通过努力、克服困难做成某事。

A computer can't think for itself ;it must be told what to do.He is a native speaker of English,so he can of course speak English quite well.2.表示将来的能力:表示将来能力用will be able to。

If you have a good sleep,you will be able to work out this problem.如果你睡个好觉,你就能做出这道题。

3.表示过去的能力:could 表示过去一般的能力,即不表示做或未做某事;而was (were) able to do则表示过去有能力并且成功地做了某事,相当于managed to do something/succeeded in doing somethin。

g考点二:情态动词表示推测(可能性)可能性可分为客观的(理论的)可能性和具体事情实际发生的可能性。

1.客观的(理论的)可能性指并不涉及具体某事是否会发生,此种用法常常可以说明人或事物的特征。

can 用于肯定句中表示客观的(理论的)可能性,can用于疑问及否定句中则表示实际发生的可能性。

The World Wide Web is sometimes jokingly called the World Wide Wait because it can be very slow.A left- luggage office is a place where bags can be left for a short time,especially in a railway station.2.表示具体事情实际发生的可能性:表示具体事情实际发生的可能性的这些词后接动词原形是对现在事情的推测,后接完成式则表示对过去事情的推测;其中can,may/might,should,ought to,must 有时还可接进行时表示对现在正在进行的事情的推测。

高考英语专项复习《动词的时态、语态、情态动词、虚拟语气》真题总结含答案

高考英语专项复习《动词的时态、语态、情态动词、虚拟语气》真题总结含答案

高考英语专项复习《动词的时态、语态、情态动词、虚拟语气》真题总结含答案一、2022年高考真题1.(2022年全国甲卷语法填空)In the last five years. Cao ___67___ (walk) through 34 countries in six continents, and in 2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa’s ___68___(high) mountain.67.【答案】has walked【解析】考查动词时态。

句意:在过去的五年中,曹操穿越了六大洲的34个国家,2016年,他到达了乞力马扎罗山顶,这是非洲最高的山峰。

根据时间状语in the last five years可知,此处应用现在完成时,主语Cao为第三人称单数,助动词用has。

故填has walked。

68.【答案】highest【解析】考查形容词最高级。

句意:在过去的五年中,曹穿越了六大洲的34个国家,2016年,他到达了乞力马扎罗山顶,这是非洲最高的山峰。

根据空前Africa’s可知,此处表示乞力马扎罗山是非洲最高的山脉,应用形容词最高级。

故填highest。

2.(2022年全国甲卷短文改错)He showed me how his medical instruments was used. However, after I went to high school, somehow I become distant from him. I was unwilling talk with him and often disobeyed his rule of not stay out with my friends too late.【详解】2.【答案】was→were【解析】考查主谓一致。

句意:他向我展示他的医疗器械是如何使用的。

主语instruments 为复数形式,全文为一般过去时,be动词用复数形式were。

(完整版)高考情态动词讲解.doc

(完整版)高考情态动词讲解.doc
他们肯定在离我们不远处尾随着我们。
You should be doing your exercises instead of watching TV.
现在你该做作业而不是看电视。
2
考点三:情态动词表示请求、允许、允诺
1.表示征求对方的意见或提出建议时 ,shall可以用于第一 、第三人称的疑问句 ,will和would用于第二人称的疑问句。分别构成:Shall I/we/he/she/they...?或Will(Would)you(please)...?

might
比may还弱
比may
not还弱
有可能吗?
语气比
can弱
这些词后接动词原形是对现在事情的推测 ,后接完成式则表示对过去事情的推测;其中can,may/might,should,ought to,must有时还可接进行时表示对现在正在进行的事情的推测 。
另外,can还可用于否定句 、疑问句或感叹句中 ,表示疑惑 、惊讶或不相信等意思;而could既可用于肯定句又可用于否定句 、疑问句中;ought to和might表示推测时 ,并不一定表示过去 ,而表示可能性弱于他们相应的现在时形式 。
语法专题(三)
情态动词
考 点 归 纳
考点一:情态动词表示能力
1.表现在的或一般的能力:
表示现在的或一般的能力用can或be able to,can比be able to使用得更普遍。can侧重指有能力做某事; 而be able to更强调通过努力、克服困难做成某事 。
A computer can't think for itself;it must be 4.can和may都可表示许可 ,但can较随便,may更正式。

高考情态动词语法专题

高考情态动词语法专题

情态动词情态动词表示说话人的语气和情态。

如需要、可能、愿意、怀疑等。

情态动词有一定的词义,但不完整,必须和主要动词的原型一起构成谓语。

常用的情态动词有:can, could, may, might, must, have to, ought to, need, dare, shall, will, should, would, be able to,及半情态动词be to do, had better等。

情态动词的基本用法:(一)can“能够”1.表示体力或脑力方面的能力,或根据客观规律能做某事的能力。

如:He can speak English. I can go there now.注意(1)can表“能够”时,既可指现在也可指将来。

(2)can与be able to的区别:①表“能力”时二者同义No one can / is able to do it.②be able to常侧重经过努力有能力做到,有多种时态。

can侧重自身的能力,只有一般现在时和一般过去时。

③was / were able to do表示通过努力克服困难或在一定的条件下成功地做了某事,侧重结果,相当于managed to do或succeeded in doing...。

could仅表自身的能力或本领,但未必成功做到。

With the help of the firemen, they were able to leave the burning house.He was able to swim across the river.In the end, we were able to rescue the workers trapped in the fire.2.表示“许可,允许”。

在疑问句中表示请求,许可;否定句中表示“不许”。

此时常与may通用:May/Can I do it?This sort of thing can't go on! 这类事情不能再继续了!注意can not有时可以表示“禁止”相当于mustn't:You can't(mustn't,are not allowed to)play football in the street.你不可以在大街上踢球。

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一、考点聚焦1、 情态动词的基本用法(1)can 、be ableto 和could①can 和be able to 都表示能力,意思上没多大区别。

但can 只有现在和过去时,而be able to 则有更多的形式。

但当成功地完成某一具体动作时,通常不用could 而用was/were able to 来表示。

这时was/were able to 相当于managed to ,表示经过一番努力,终于能够完成某事。

如:Can you use chopsticksThe wounded man still was able to get to the village and was saved in the end.②can 和couldcan 和could 都可以表示能力、技能、许可、建议或请求和可能性。

但比较委婉客气地提出问题或陈述看法,一般用could ,回答时则用can 。

如:Could you help me carry the bag Can I help you (2)may/might①may/might 表示可能,但may 比might 可能性大。

如:-Why isn’t he in class He may be sick.(生病的可能性较大) —He might be sick.(生病的可能性较小) ②may/might 表示“允许”,may 用于现在时或将来时,might 常用在间接引语中表过去时,但might 也可用于现在时间,表示比较委婉的语气,回答用may 。

如:He says we may leave. He said we might leave.③may / might 表示建议或请求,但might 比may 更客气,意思更肯定而无过去时态的含义。

Yes, you can / may. —May / Might I use your bike —No, you mustn’t (3)must①must 表示必须,应该,没有时态变化。

如: You must do everything as I do. ②must 表示肯定的推测。

如:The light is still on, so he must be at home. ③mustn’t 表示禁止做某事。

如: You mustn’t smoke in the office. (4)have to have to 表示“必须、不得不”,是由于某种外界(客观)原因而“必须”,“不得不”做某事,也可表示经常的或习惯性的事“必须”做。

have to 的否定形式表示不必。

have to 可用于多种时态中。

如:You will have to clean your own boots when you join the army. I have to be at my office every evening. (5)should / ought to学 科:英语复习内容:语法——代词情态动词 预计用时:10学时①should和ought to表示应当、应该,前者比后者语气轻。

如:You should / ought to work hard.②should / ought to work hard.Since she is not here, whe should / ought to be in the classroom.③should / ought to的否定形式表示禁止之意。

如:Children shouldn’t smoke.④should可表示陈述意见,推出建议或请求;而ought to可以表示劝告之意。

如:You ought to respect your parents.He suggested that they should leave at once.(6)will / would①will 用于各种人称表示“意志”、“意愿”或“决心”等,否定式won’t + 动词。

如:I will tell you all about it.Tom won’t do such a thing.②will用于疑问句中,常用在第二称时表示说话人向对方提出“请求”或“询问”如:Will you please tell her the news when you see her③will 表示习惯性的动作,有“总是”、“惯于”的含义。

如:Fish will die out of water.④would 表示客气的请求、建议或意愿。

如:Would you please be quietWould you like coffee⑤would 表示过去反复发生的动作。

如:When I passed my school I would see my teachers who taught me 5 years ago.(7)needneed 作“必要”讲,既可作情态动词,也可作实义动词。

作实义动词时后面的动词不定式要带to,其变化与一般动词相同。

如:I need to think it over.—Need you go now —Yes, I must./No, I needn’t(8)daredare表示“敢”的意思。

作为情态动词时,主要用在疑问句和否定句中。

dare若作实义动词,后面可带to的不定式,此时to也可以省略。

dare与need的用法相似。

如:How dare you say thatShe doesn’t date(to)ask her father.(9)used toused to表示过去常常发生的动作或存在的习惯,但现在已不复存在了。

如:He used to smoke.(10)shall①shall作为情态动词用于第二、三人称,表示说话人的意愿,有“命令”、“警告、威胁、强制”和“允许”等意思。

如:We shall do as our teacher says.You shall have the book as soon as I finish it.②在疑问句中,shall用于征求对方的意见或请求指示,常用于第一、第三人称。

如:Where shall he wait for usShall we go out for a walk2、情态动词表示推测或判断的用法下表即是表示推测的情态动词使用的场合:例如:It must have rained last night.She may not be at home. = It is possible that she is not at home.She can’t be at home. = It is impossible that she is at home.They should be there right now.3、情态动词在虚拟语气中的用法情态动词用于虚拟语气中表示责备的感情色彩,用法如下:(1)should have done表示“本来应该做某事而实际上未做”,而shouldn’t have done则表示“本不应该做某事而实际上做了”。

如:You should have told me about it earlier.You shouldn’t have said such words to your parents.(2)ought to have done也表示“本应该……”而ought not to have done则意为“本不应该……”。

如:You ought to have told me about it earlier.You ought not to have said such words to your parents.(3)needn’t have done表示“本无必要做某事而实际上做了”。

如:You needn’t have walked so quickly since time was enough.(4)could have done表示“本来有可能……而事实上未做到”。

如:I could have come on time, but my car broke on the way.二、精典名题导解选择填空1. I was really anxious about you. You________home without a word.(NMET 2001)’t have ’t have left’t have left ’t have解析:答案为B。

本题考查的是情态动词在虚拟语气中的用法。

题目给出的条件是“我确实非常担心你”,因此后面可知应是责备you不应该没说一句话就离开了。

2.—Are you coming to Jeff’s party—I’m not sure. I__________ go to the concert instead.(NMET 2000)解析:答案为D。

本题考查情态动词的基本用法。

由题目中“I’m not sure”,表明我可能去Jeff’s party,也可能去音乐会,故用might。

3. —Will you stay for lunch—Sorry, ____________. My brother is coming to see me.(NMET 99)mustn’t can’t needn’t won’t解析:答案为B。

本题考查表示请求的英语口语,用will来向第二人称提问的疑问结构,是表示一种请求和意愿,是用疑问的形式来表达较为婉转的祈使语气,意思是“请你……,好吗”,对于这种问句的肯定回答是:Suree! Gertainly! Yes, of course. I’d be glad to 等;否定回答通常是:I’m sorry, I can’t. No, I’m afraid I can’t. I’m sorry, but … I’d like to, but …等。

注意情态动词表客气的用法及其在一般疑问句中的问与答。

4.—Isn’t that Ann’s husband over there—No, it be him I’m sure he doesn’t wear glasses.A. can’tB. must notC. won’tD. may not解析:答案为A。

本题考查情态动词表推测。

问:那边的难道不是Ann的丈夫吗?答:不是。

不可能是他,我确信他不戴眼镜。

be tired-you’ve only been working for an hour.A. must notB. won’tC. can’tD. may not解析:答案为C。

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