英语的主语

,. 一、主语表示法

1、名词作主语

David arrived last night. 大卫昨晚到达。Pride goes before a fall. 骄必败。

2、代词作主语

Who is speaking, please? （在电话中）请问您是谁？

That's OK. 这没问题。

3、数词作主语

Two will be enough. 两个就够了。

Two-thirds of the workers are women. 三分之二的工人是女工。

4、ing形式（动名词）作主语

Skating is good exercise. 溜冰是很好的运动。

Looking up all the new words in the dictionary took him a lot of time.

从字典里查所有的生词花费了他许多时间。

5、不定式作主语

To translate this ideal into reality needs hard work.

把理想转变成现实需要辛勤的劳动。

6、名词化的形容词作主语

The blind and the lame are well cared

,. for in our country.

在我们国家，盲人和肢残人受到很好的照顾。

The unemployed usually lead a hard life.

失业的人生活一般很困难。

7、短语（词组）作主语

How to do well is an important question.

如何把这件事做好是一个重要问题。Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy.

早睡早起身体好。

8、从句作主语

What has happened proves that our policy is right.

发生的一切证明我们的政策是对的。Whether we'll go depends on the weather.

我们是否去要看天气。

9、副词、介词短语作主语

Slowly is exactly how he speaks. Between 8 and 9 will suit me.

二、用it 作主语的句子

,. （一）it 作人称代词

1、代表刚提到的东西以避免重复Where is my book? ------ It is on the desk.

2、代表抽象的事物

It is very kind of you to help me.

3、指某种动物

Is this your dog? ----No, it isn’t.

4、指未知性别的婴儿

What a beautiful baby? -----Is it a boy?

5、指彼此都知道的东西

When did it happen?

（二）it 作非人称代词

1、指天气

It is a fine day.

2、指时间

It is seven o’clock now.

3、指距离

How far is it from here to Guanzhou?

4、指重量

It is three jin altogether.

5、指环境

It is very crowded here in the weekend. （三）it 表示强调

,. 强调句型：It is/was ……who/that……

It was in the park that I met your father. It is you who I want to look for. （四）it 作先行主语(几种句型)

1、be + 形容词+ 不定式

It is very difficult to finish the job in time.

2、be + 名词+ 不定式

It is my duty to look after his children.

3、be + 介词短语+ 不定式

It is beyond me to say why.

4、及物动词+ 宾语+ 不定式

It takes me three days to finish the task.

5、be + 名词+ 动名词

It is no use saying too much about it now.

6、be + 形容词+ 动名词

It is worthwhile reading the novel. 7、其他结构

It does’t matter making some mistakes.

It does’t make any difference passing the exam.

,. It felt funny dressing like that.

（五）it 用于主语从句（常见的几种句型）1．It is a pity (a shame, a fact, an hono ur, a wonder, a good thing, good news , no wonder etc.) that …

It is a pity that he can’t come. 2．It is strange (natural, surprising, ob vious, true, fortunate, good, wonderful , funny, ridiculous, possible, impossibl e, likely, unlikely, quite clear, unusual, e tc.) that …

It is strange that he should know the answer.

3．It seems (happened, thus came ab out, turned out, suddenly struck me, o ccurred to me, etc.) that…

It seems that he doesn’t like this film.

4．It is said ( reported, rumoured, ann ounced, arranged, decided, stressed, e xpected, etc.) that …

It is said that he has been sent to America.

5．It is doubtful (not known, not decid