雅思18test2passage1阅读解析
剑桥雅思18阅读 解析
剑桥雅思18阅读解析
剑桥雅思18是备考雅思阅读考试的重要资料之一。
它包含了一系列真实的阅
读材料，覆盖了各种题型，帮助考生熟悉考试内容和格式。
本文将对剑桥雅思18
阅读进行解析，帮助考生更好地理解和应对该资源。
剑桥雅思18阅读部分共包括四篇阅读文章，每篇文章后面都有对应的题目和
答案解析。
阅读文章的主题涵盖了科学、社会学、历史和文化等多个领域，考察考生对不同主题的理解和推理能力。
每篇阅读文章在布局上大致分为三个部分：引入、主体和结尾。
在引入部分，
文章会介绍文章的主题，并提出一个问题或观点。
主体部分则详细展开文章的主题，给出相关的事实、数据和例子。
结尾部分一般是对主题的进一步讨论或总结。
每篇文章后面都有一系列问题，包括推理题、细节题、事实推断题等多种题型。
这些问题旨在考察考生对文章内容的理解和分析能力。
在回答问题时，考生需要仔细阅读文章，理清问题的要求，找到相关的信息和线索，并进行合理的推理和判断。
剑桥雅思18阅读题目的答案解析通常会提供详细的解题思路和解释。
考生可
以通过阅读这些解析，了解正确答案的选择原因，并借鉴解题技巧。
同时，还可以通过对解析的学习，提高自己的阅读理解能力和题目答题策略。
总之，剑桥雅思18阅读是备考雅思阅读考试的重要资料。
通过对其中的文章
和问题的学习和分析，考生可以提高自己的阅读理解能力，并熟悉考试题型和答题技巧。
祝愿每一位考生都能够在雅思考试中取得优异的成绩！。
18考研英语一真题阅读理解红绿蓝答案解析
18考研英语一真题阅读理解红绿蓝答案解析Among the annoying challenges facing the middleclass is one that will probably go unmentioned in the next presidentialcampaign: What happens when the robots come for their jobs?Don’t dismiss that possibility entirely. Abouthalf of U.S. jobs are at highrisk of being automated,according to a University of Oxford study, with the middle class disproportionately squeezed. Lower-incomejobs like gardening or day care don’t appeal to robots. But many middle-classoccupations—trucking, financial advice, software engineering—have aroused theirinterest, or soon will. The rich own the robots, so they will be fine.21. Who will be most threatened by automation?[A] Leading politicians.[B] Low-wage laborers.（与下划线句矛盾）[C] Robot owners.（与加粗矛盾）[D] Middle-class workers.This isn’t to be alarmist. Optimists point outthat technological upheaval has benefited workers in the past. The IndustrialRevolution didn’t go so well for Luddites whose jobs were displaced bymechanized looms, but it eventually raised living standards and created morejobs than it destroyed. Likewise, automation should eventually boostproductivity, stimulate demand by driving down prices, and free workers fromhard, boring work. But in themedium term, middle-class workers may need a lot of help adjusting.22 . Which of the following best represents theauthor’sview?[A] Worries about automation are in factgroundless.[B] Optimists’ opinions on new tech find littlesuppo rt.[C] Issues arising from automation need to be tackled.[D] Negative consequences of new tech can beavoided.The first step, as Erik Brynjolfsson and AndrewMcAfee argue in The Second Machine Age, should be rethinking education and jobtraining. Curriculums—fromgrammar school to college—shouldevolve to focus less onmemorizing facts and more on creativity and complexcommunication. Vocational schools should do a better job of fosteringproblem-solving skills and helping students work alongside robots. Onlineeducation can supplement the traditional kind. It could make extra training andinstruction affordable. Professionals trying to acquire new skills will be ableto do so without going into debt.23. Education in the age of automation should put more emphasis on _____.[A] creative potential[B] job-hunting skills[C] individual needs[D] cooperative spiritThe challenge of coping with automationunderlines the need for the U.S. to revive its fading business dynamism:Starting new companies must be made easier. In previous eras of drastictechnological change, entrepreneurs smoothed the transition by dreaming up waysto combine labor and machines. The best uses of 3D printers and virtual realityhaven’t been invented yet. The U.S. needs the new companies that will inventthem.Finally, because automation threatens to widenthe gap between capital income and labor income, taxes and the safety net willhave to be rethought. Taxeson low-wage labor need tobe cut, and wage subsidies such as the earned income tax credit should beexpanded: This would boost incomes, encourage work, reward companies for jobcreation, and reduceinequality.24. The author suggests that tax policies be aimed at _____.[A] encouraging the development of automation[B] increasing the return on capital investment[C] easing the hostility between rich and poor[D] preventing the income gap from wideningTechnology will improve society in ways big andsmall over the next few years, yet this will be little comfort to those who findtheir lives and careers upended by automation.Destroying the machines that are coming for ourjobs would be nuts. But policies to help workers adapt will be indispensable.The first step…The challenge of coping with automationunder…Finally, because automation threat…25. In this text, the author presents a problemwith _____.[A] opposing views on it[B] possible solutions to it[C] its alarming impacts[D] its major variationsText 2A new survey by Harvard University finds morethan two-thirds of young Americans disapprove of President Trump’s use ofTwitter. The implication is that Millennials prefer news from the White Houseto be filtered through other source, not a president’s social media platform.Most Americans rely on social media to checkdaily headlines. Yet as distrusthas risen toward all media, people may be starting to beef up their medialiteracy skills. Such a trend is badly needed. During the 2016 presidentialcampaign, nearly a quarter of web content shared by Twitter users in thepolitically critical state of Michigan was fake news, according to the University of Oxford.And a survey conducted by BuzzFeed News found 44 percent of Facebook users rarely or never trust newsfrom the media giant.26. According to the Paragraphs 1 and 2, many young Americans cast doubtson _____.[A] the justification of the news-filteringpractice[B] people’s preference for social mediaplatforms[C] the administrations’ ability to handleinformation[D] social media was a reliable source of newsMost Americans rely on social media to checkdaily headlines. Yet as distrust has risen toward all media, people may be starting to beef up their media literacyskills. Such a trend is badly needed. During the 2016 presidential campaign,nearly a quarter of web content shared by Twitter users in the politicallycritical state of Michigan was fake news, according to the University ofOxford. And a survey conducted by BuzzFeed News found 44 percent ofFacebookusers rarely or never trust news from the media giant.27. The phrase “beef up” (Line 2, Para. 2) i s closest in meaning to_____.[A] sharpen[B] define[C] boast[D] shareYoung people who are digital natives are indeedbecoming more skillful at separating fact from fiction in cyberspace. A Knight Foundation focus-group surveyof young people between age s 14 and 24 found they use “distributed trust” toverify stories. They cross-checksources and prefer news from different perspectives—especially those that are open about anybias. “Many young people assume a great deal of personal responsibility foreducating themselves and actively seeking out opposing viewpoints,” the surveyconcluded.28. According to the Knight Foundation survey, young people _____.[A] tend to voice their opinions in cyberspace[B] verify news by referring to diverse resources[C] have a strong sense of responsibility[D] like to exchange views on “distributedtrust”Such active research can have another effect. A2014 survey conducted in Australia, Britain, and the United States by theUniversity of Wisconsin-Madison found that young people’s reliance on socialmedia led to greater political engagement.Social media allows users to experience newsevents moreintimately and immediately while also permitting them to re-sharenews as a projection of their values and interests. This forces users to bemore conscious of their role in passing along information. A survey by Barna researchgroup found the top reasongiven by Americans for thefake news phenomenon is “readererror,” more so than made-up stories or factual mistakes in reporting.About a third say the problem of fake news lies in “misinterpretation or exaggeration of actualnews” via social media. In other words, the choice to share news on socialmedia may be the heart of the issue. “This indicates there is a real personalresponsibility in count eracting this problem,” says Roxanne Stone, editor inchief at Barna Group.29. The Barna survey found that a main cause for the fake news problem is _____.[A] readers’ outdated values[B] journalists’ biased reporting[C] readers’ misinterpretation[D] jo urnalists’ made-up storiesSo when young people are critical of anover-tweeting president, they reveal a mental discipline in thinking skills—andin their choices on when to share on social media.30. Which of the following would be the besttitle for the text?[A] A Risein Critical Skills for Sharing News Online[B] A Counteraction Against the Over-tweetingTrend[C] The Accumulation of Mutual Trust on SocialMedia[D] The Platforms for Projection of PersonalInterestsText 3Any fair-minded assessment of the dangers ofthe dealbetween Britain’s National Health Service (NHS) and DeepMind muststart by acknowledging that both sides mean well. DeepMind is one of theleading artificial intelligence (AI) companies in the world. The potential ofthis work applied to healthcare is very great, but it could also lead tofurther concentration of power in the tech giants. It is against thatbackground that the information commissioner, Elizabeth Denham, has issued herdamning verdict against the Royal Free hospital trust under the NHS, whichhanded over to DeepMind the records of 1.6 million patients in 2015 on thebasis of a vague agreementwhich took far too littleaccount of the patients’ rights and their expectations of privacy.31.What is true of the agreement between the NHS and DeepMind ?[A] It caused conflicts among tech giants.[B] It failed to pay due attention to patient’s rights.[C] It fell short of the latter’s expectations.[D] It put both sides into a dangeroussituation.DeepMind has almost apologized. The NHS trust has mended its ways. Further arrangements—andthere may be many—between the NHS and DeepMind will be carefully scrutinised to ensure that allnecessary permissions have been asked of patients and all unnecessary data hasbeen cleaned. There are lessons about informed patient consent to learn. Butprivacy is not the only angle in this case and not even the most important. MsDenham chose to concentrate the blame on the NHS trust, since under existinglaw it “controlled” the data and DeepMind merely “processed” i t. But thisdistinction misses the point that it is processing and aggregation, notthemere possession of bits, that gives the data value.32. The NHS trust responded to Denham’s verdict with _____.[A] empty promises[B] tough resistance[C] necessary adjustments[D] sincere apologiesDeepMind has almost apologized. The NHS trusthas mended its ways. Further arrangements—and there may be many—between the NHSand DeepMind will be carefully scrutinised to ensure that all necessarypermissions have been asked of patients and all unnecessary data has beencleaned. There are lessons about informed patient consent to learn. But privacyis not the only angle in this case and not even the most important. Ms Denhamchose to concentrate the blame on the NHS trust, since un der existing law it“controlled” the data and DeepMind merely “processed” it. But this distinctionmisses the point that it isprocessing and aggregation, not the mere possession of bits, that gives the data value.33.The author argues in Paragraph 2 that_____.[A] privacy protection must be secured at allcosts（无中生有）[B] leaking patients’ data is worse thanselling it（无中生有）[C] making profits from patients’ data isillegal（曲解原文）[D] the value of data comes from the processing of itThe great question is who should benefit fromthe analysis of all the data that our lives now generate. Privacy law builds onthe concept of damage to an individual from identifiable knowledge about them.That misses the way the surveillance economy works. The data of an individualthere gains its value only when it iscompared with the data of countlessmillions more.The use of privacy law to curb the tech giantsin this instance feels slightly maladapted. This practice does not address thereal worry. It is not enough to say that the algorithms DeepMind develops willbenefit patients and save lives. What matters is that they will belong to a private monopoly which developed them usingpublic resources. If software promises to save lives on the scale that drugsnow can, big data may be expected to behave as a big pharm has done. We arestill at the beginning of this revolution and small choices now may turn out tohave gigantic consequences later. A long struggle will be needed to avoid afuture of digital feudalism. Ms Denham’s report is a welcome start.34.According to the last paragraph, the real worry arising from this deal is_____.[A] the vicious rivalry among big pharmas[B] the ineffective enforcement of privacy law[C] the uncontrolled use of new software[D] the monopoly of big data by tech giantsThe use of privacy law to curb the tech giantsin this instance feels slightly maladapted. This practice does not address thereal worry. It is not enough to say that the algorithms DeepMind develops willbenefit patients and save lives. What matters is that they will belong to a privatemonopoly which developed them using public resources. If software promises tosave lives on the scale that drugs now can, big data may be expected to behaveas a big pharm has done. We are still at the beginning of this revolution andsmall choices now may turn out to have gigantic consequences later. A long struggle will be needed toavoid afuture of digital feudalism. Ms Denham’s report is a welcomestart.35.The author’s attitude toward the applicationof AI to healthcare is _____.[A] ambiguous[B] cautious[C] appreciative[D] contemptuousText 4The U.S. Postal Service (USPS) continues to bleed red ink. It reported a net loss of $5.6 billion for fiscal2016, the 10th straight year its expenses have exceeded revenue. Meanwhile, it has more than $120 billion in unfunded liabilities,mostly for employee health and retirement costs. There are many bankruptcies.Fundamentally, the USPS is in a historic squeeze between technological changethat has permanently decreased demand for its bread-and-butter product,first-class mail, and a regulatory structure that denies management the flexibility to adjust itsoperations to the new reality.36. The financial problem with the USPS is caused partly by _____.[A] its unbalanced budget[B] its rigid management[C] the cost for technical upgrading[D] the withdrawal of bank supportAnd interestgroups ranging from postal unionsto greeting-card makers exertself-interested pressureon the USPS’s ultimate overseer—Congress—insisting that whatever elsehappens to the Postal Service, aspects of the status quo theydepend on getprotected. This is why repeated attempts at reformlegislation have failed in recent years, leaving the Postal Serviceunable to pay its bills except by deferring vital modernization.37. According to Paragraph 2, the USPS fails to modernize itself due to _____.[A] the interference from interest groups[B] the inadequate funding from Congress[C] the shrinking demand for postal service[D] the incompetence of postal unionsNow comes word that everyoneinvolved—Democrats, Republicans, the Postal Service, the unions and the system’sheaviest users—has finally agreed on a plan to fix the system. Legislation ismoving through the House that would save USPS an estimated $28.6 billion overfive years, which could help pay for new vehicles, among other survivalmeasures. Most of the moneywould come from a penny-per-letter permanent rate increase and from shiftingpostal retirees into Medicare. The latter step would largely offset thefinancial burden of annually pre-funding retiree health care, thus addressing a long-standing complaint by the USPSand its union.38. The long-standing complaint by the USPS and its unions can be addressed by _____.[A] removing its burden of retiree health care.[B] making more investment in new vehicles.[C] adopting a new rate-increase mechanism.[D] attracting more first-class mail users.If it clears the House, this measure wouldstill have to getthrough the Senate—where someone is bound to point out thatit amounts to the bare, bare minimum necessary to keep the Postal Serviceafloat, not comprehensive reform. There’s no change to collective bargaining atthe USPS, a major omission considering that personnel accounts for 80 percentof the agency’s costs. Also missing is any discussion of eliminating Saturdayletter delivery. That common-sense change enjoys wide public support and wouldsave the USPS $2 billion per year. But postal special-interest groups seem tohave killed it, at least in the House. The emerging consensus around the billis a sign that legislatorsare getting frightenedabout a politically embarrassing short-term collapse at the USPS. It is not,however, a sign that they’re getting serious about transforming the postalsystem for the 21st century.39. In the last paragraph, the author seems toview legislators with_____.[A] respect[B] tolerance[C] discontent[D] gratitude40. Which of the following would be the besttitle for the text?[A] The USPS Starts to Miss Its Good Old Days[B] The Postal Service: Keep Away from MyCheese[C] The USPS: Chronic Illness Requires a QuickCure[D] The Postal Service Needs More than a Band-Aid。
剑桥雅思解析18
剑桥雅思解析18摘要：1.引入：说明剑桥雅思解析18的重要性2.解析部分：分析剑桥雅思18的试题结构、题型及难度3.解题技巧：针对不同题型提供解题策略和方法4.实战演练：解析剑桥雅思18中的真题，展示解题过程5.总结：回顾剑桥雅思18的解析，给出备考建议正文：剑桥雅思解析18是对雅思考试试题的深入分析和研究，对于备考雅思的考生具有重要参考价值。
下面我们将从试题结构、题型及难度等方面进行详细解析，并提供针对性的解题技巧。
一、试题结构剑桥雅思18的试题结构与往常的雅思真题保持一致，分为四个部分：听力、阅读、写作和口语。
试题在难度上循序渐进，既适合初学者，也适合已经有一定基础的考生进行自我检验。
二、题型解析1.听力：听力部分包括四个section，话题多样，涵盖生活、学术、自然等方面。
题目类型包括填空题、选择题、地图题、流程图等。
解题技巧：在做题时要注意抓住关键词，提高信息筛选能力，同时注意听力材料的细节。
2.阅读：阅读部分同样包括四个section，文章题材丰富，涉及科学、社会、文化等多个领域。
题目类型有填空题、选择题、判断题、配对题等。
解题技巧：阅读时要注意文章的篇章结构，抓住主旨大意，提高阅读速度和理解能力。
3.写作：写作部分包括两个task，分别为图表作文和议论论文。
题目要求考生针对给定话题进行分析和阐述。
解题技巧：写作前先审题，明确文章的目的和结构，注意行文逻辑和语言表达。
4.口语：口语部分包括四个topic，考查考生的日常交流能力。
题目涉及个人喜好、家庭、工作、学习等方面。
解题技巧：口语要注意发音清晰，表达流畅，善于运用连接词和词汇。
三、实战演练以下为剑桥雅思18中的一道真题解析：【听力】Section 1题目：一位学生与学校管理员关于报名参加课外活动的对话。
解题过程：1.仔细阅读题目，了解对话背景和人物关系2.关注对话中的关键信息，如时间、地点、活动名称等3.注意选项的区别，筛选出符合题意的答案四、总结剑桥雅思18的解析为我们提供了丰富的真题资源和实用的解题技巧，考生们在备考过程中可以充分利用这些资源，提高自己的雅思成绩。
剑桥雅思18阅读 解析
剑桥雅思18阅读解析摘要：1.剑桥雅思18阅读概述2.解析剑桥雅思18阅读中的文章特点3.针对剑桥雅思18阅读的解题策略4.提升阅读能力的建议正文：剑桥雅思18阅读作为一套经典的雅思阅读练习材料，为广大雅思考生提供了丰富的备考资源。
本文将从以下几个方面对剑桥雅思18阅读进行解析，帮助考生更好地应对雅思阅读考试：一、剑桥雅思18阅读概述剑桥雅思18阅读包含了4篇文章，涵盖了各类题型，如段落匹配、填空题、选择题等。
文章主题多样，涉及科学、社会、文化等多个领域，难度适中。
通过对这些文章的练习，考生可以熟悉雅思阅读的题型和题材，提高答题速度和准确性。
二、解析剑桥雅思18阅读中的文章特点1.真实性强：剑桥雅思阅读的文章均来源于英美等地的原版文章，保证了文章的真实性和权威性。
2.题材丰富：文章涵盖了各个领域，既有科普类文章，如气候变化、动植物保护等，也有社会文化类文章，如教育、就业等。
3.难度适中：剑桥雅思18阅读的文章难度与实际雅思考试相近，适合雅思考生进行模拟练习。
4.结构清晰：文章结构严谨，逻辑清晰，有利于考生把握文章主旨。
三、针对剑桥雅思18阅读的解题策略1.快速浏览：在开始解答题目前，先快速浏览文章，了解文章大意和结构，为后续答题奠定基础。
2.精准定位：针对不同题型，运用关键词定位法、句子关系定位法等技巧，迅速找到答案所在位置。
3.分析选项：仔细分析每个选项，排除不符合题意的选项，确定正确答案。
4.答题技巧：熟悉各类题型的解题技巧，提高答题准确率和速度。
四、提升阅读能力的建议1.词汇积累：不断扩大词汇量，掌握雅思阅读常用词汇，提高阅读理解能力。
2.阅读训练：多阅读英文文章，培养阅读习惯，提高阅读速度和准确性。
3.练习真题：多做雅思阅读真题，熟悉题型和题材，总结经验教训。
4.学习技巧：掌握雅思阅读技巧，提高答题效率。
总之，剑桥雅思18阅读是一套具有较高实用价值的备考资料。
18年英语一第二篇阅读
18年英语一第二篇阅读The second reading passage of the English Paper I in the 2018 college entrance examination focuses on the issue of gender pay gap. The passage discusses the reasons behind the pay disparity between men and women and explores possible solutions to address this issue.According to the reading passage, the gender pay gap refers to the difference in earnings between men and women in the workforce. Despite significant progress in gender equality, women still earn less than men in many countries around the world. The passage identifies several factors contributing to the gender pay gap.Firstly, occupational segregation plays a role in the gender pay gap. Women tend to be concentrated in certain industries and professions that offer lower wages compared to those dominated by men. This can be attributed to various factors, including societal expectations and gender stereotypes that influence career choices.Secondly, the passage highlights the impact of motherhood on women's earnings. Women often face the challenge of balancing their career with family responsibilities. The need to take time off work for pregnancy, childbirth, and childcare can disrupt women's career progression and result in lower wages. Furthermore, the passage suggests that women are more likely to work part-time or in flexible jobs to accommodate family needs, which further affects their earning potential.Additionally, the passage mentions the issue of discrimination as a contributing factor to the gender pay gap. Women may face unequal treatment in the workplace, such as lower wages for performing the same job as their male counterparts. Discrimination can also manifest in the form of limited career advancement opportunities for women.To address the gender pay gap, the passage suggests several potential solutions. Firstly, the passage emphasizes the importance of raising awareness about the issue. By educating the public and employers about the gender pay gap and its consequences, society can take steps towards achieving gender equality in the workplace.Secondly, the passage suggests the need for policy changes to promote pay transparency. Making salary information more accessible can help identify and address pay disparities. Moreover, implementing laws and regulations that prohibit gender-based pay discrimination can provide legal protection for women.Furthermore, the passage highlights the significance of promoting work-life balance and providing support for working parents. Policies such as paid parental leave, affordable childcare, and flexible working arrangements can enable women to continue their careers while also fulfilling their family responsibilities.In conclusion, the second reading passage of the 2018 English Paper I examines the gender pay gap, its causes, and potential solutions. The passage identifies occupational segregation, motherhood, and discrimination as key factors contributing to the pay disparity between men and women. To address this issue, the passage suggests raising awareness, promoting pay transparency, and implementing policies that support work-life balance and working parents. Achieving gender equality in the workplace requires collective efforts from individuals, employers, and policymakers.。
雅思阅读c18t2解析
雅思阅读c18t2解析
【实用版】
目录
1.文章概述
2.文章结构
3.文章亮点
4.文章不足
5.总结
正文
一、文章概述
本文是一篇雅思阅读 c18t2 的解析文章，主要针对雅思阅读考试的c18t2 题型进行分析和解答。
文章通过详细解析该题型的出题规律、解题技巧等方面，帮助考生更好地应对雅思阅读考试。
二、文章结构
文章分为五个部分，分别是：文章概述、文章结构、文章亮点、文章不足和总结。
1.文章概述：简要介绍雅思阅读 c18t2 题型的特点和重要性。
2.文章结构：分析该题型的文章结构和解题步骤。
3.文章亮点：列举该题型的文章亮点，如词汇、表达等方面。
4.文章不足：探讨该题型可能出现的问题和不足之处。
5.总结：对全文进行总结，给出应对该题型的建议。
三、文章亮点
1.词汇丰富：c18t2 题型的文章通常涉及较广泛的话题，如社会、科
技、文化等，因此文章中的词汇也相对丰富。
考生在解答这类题目时，可以学到很多有用的词汇和表达。
2.解题技巧：文章中提供了一些解题技巧，如快速浏览、寻找关键词等，这些技巧对于提高解题速度和准确率具有很大的帮助。
四、文章不足
1.文章长度：由于 c18t2 题型的文章较长，考生在解答过程中可能会感到时间紧迫，需要提高阅读速度。
2.题目难度：随着题型的难度逐渐加大，考生在解答时可能会遇到较大的挑战，需要具备较强的逻辑思维能力。
五、总结
总的来说，雅思阅读 c18t2 题型是一项重要的考试内容，考生需要对其有充分的了解和准备。
2018考研英语二阅读理解text1
2018考研英语二阅读理解text1全文来自《2015年6月英语六级阅读理解真题》。
阅读理解：文本1To many, the word "Latin" is the exciting sound of a pulsating fiesta; but to some, those two syllables (音节) are far tamer, calling to mind a long-dead language spoken by toga-clad (穿长袍的) scholars. Latin is enjoying a resurgence (再度流行) of sorts, and not only in the words and phrases found in law, medicine, and the other disciplines that have over the centuries borrowed from the language of ancient Rome. "We are experiencing a real explosion of interest in Latin," says Richard A. LaFleur, classicist and author of Latin textbooks. "If you look at the number of students taking Latin, the number of teachers teaching it, or the amount of Latin materials on the market, it is simply amazing." There are more than two thousand high schools in the United States that offer courses in Latin, according to Wilton Barnhardt, who teaches Latin at the university of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. The demand is so great that he has had job offers from Ivy League universities.Latin was originally spoken in the region around Rome, known as Latium, and its alphabet co mes from the Etruscan alphabet. When the Roman Empire was at its peak, the language was spoken throughout the Mediterranean, including in North Africa, all of Europe north of the Alps (阿尔卑斯山) and in parts of Asia. And today, according to the "Ethnologue: Languages of the World," Latin is the official language of Vatican City, but it is a dead language.This resurgence, say Latin’s many new friends, is an ind ication that even today, when technology changes, molds, and remolds the world at light speed, people rem本人n strongly interested in discovering the roots of this ancient language so that Latin can be used as an avenue to study the culture and politics of the time. Others believe that the language can expand English proficiency skills, given that many English wordse from Latin. Without knowledge and understanding of Latin, some former supporters of the language argue, students may have a difficult time understanding English literature or writing clear, elegant, and to-the-point prose. They say that learning Latin requires discipline, which can be transferred to other subjects. It is evident, given the growing interest in Latin, that despite the talk of techno logy’s "glory days," the ancient language’spopularity is not just a current fad. For LaFleur, part of the language’s charm lies in the fact that it is finite — there are a finite number of words to learn, for one thing—and that it is difficult and requires from its students self-discipline, persistence and critical thinking. "Latin is not for wimps (胆小鬼)," he says. "It is really for bright, ambitious, self-motivated students, who are spurred on by its challenge."1. 文章主题总述：本文主要介绍了拉丁语复兴的现象，并分析了拉丁语恢复流行的原因和意义。
雅思18test2passage1阅读解析
雅思18test2passage1阅读解析本文为对雅思18年第2套试题第1篇文章的阅读解析。
这篇文章主要讲述了有机食品的受欢迎程度和市场销售情况。
有机食品是一种
注重生态可持续性和健康的食品选择。
文章指出，许多人选择有机食品是因为它们被认为更健康、不含有化学添加剂和农药。
但是，对这些食品的效益和价值存在争议。
文章提到了一项研究，该研究对比了有机和非有机食品的营养含量。
结果显示，有机食品中的营养含量与非有机食品相似。
但是，有机食品在农场和生态系统的可持续性方面表现更好。
此外，文章提到了一些研究结果，这些研究发现有机农场土壤中的微生物和有机物含量更高，这对食品生产和环境保护具有重要意义。
文章还探讨了有机食品的价格问题。
有机食品往往比非有机食品更昂贵。
这是
因为有机农场需要更多的劳动力和资源来维持生态可持续性。
然而，由于人们对健康和环境的关注日益增加，有机食品市场的需求也在不断增长。
总之，本文讨论了有机食品的受欢迎程度、市场销售情况以及有关其效益和价
格的争议。
虽然有机食品与非有机食品的营养含量相似，但有机食品在农场和生态系统的可持续性方面表现更好。
此外，尽管有机食品更昂贵，但随着人们对健康和环境的关注增加，有机食品市场的需求也在增长。
请注意，以上内容仅为对任务名称的回答，不包含任何链接或政治设计。
2018年8月雅思真题回忆及解析
2021年8月雅思真题回忆及解析梦想在前方，努力在路上。
对于考生来说，拿到证书就是我们向往的远方。
无忧考网搜集整理了2021年8月雅思真题回忆及解析，希望对大家有所帮助。
2021年8月举行了4场考试，时间分别为8月2日、8月11日、8月18日、8月25日。
以下内容仅供参考。
8月2日雅思阅读真题回忆：Passage 1：题目： Beavers 海狸题型： 6 填空题+7 判断题题号：新题文章大意：1. 海狸的生活习性;2. 人们对海狸从捕猎到重新引入;3. 海狸对环境的作用参考答案：1-6) 填空题1.colonies.海狸很有领地意识，不会跟殖民者分享栖息地。
2.aspen.海狸喜欢吃多种植物的树叶和树根，尤其是山杨.3.tissue.4.oil.海狸用什么让自己的皮毛油光水滑5.lodge.海狸用树枝搭建成窝6.mud.海狸用泥巳把树枝缝糊上以便防水。
7-13) 判断题7.TRUE.8.NOT GIVEN9.FALSE.10.FALSE.11.TRUE.12.TRUE.13.NOT GIVEN (答案仅供参考)Passage 2：题目：考古遗迹题型：5 段落信息配对题+4 人物观点匹配题+4 摘要填空题题号：新题文章大意：考古类。
发现了一个古代文明遗迹，讲到了其起源和作用。
参考答案：14-18) 段落信息配对题14.E15.F16.H17.C18.D19-22) 人物观点匹配题19.D20.A21.E22.C24-26) 摘要填空题23.settlement24.hammer25.limestone26.bonesPassage 3：题目：人类味蕾的发现和有关研究题型：6 选词填空题+5 判断题+3 单项选择题题号：新题文章大意：最开场，食物的味道对人类生存有着巨大的意义。
酸戒苦的味道意味着食物正在腐坏(decay)，甜的味道意味着食物可以吃。
人们对食物的分辨因为有捕食者(predator)的威胁而更有难度。
2018年管理类英语二真题-详尽解析
[同义词] blackball minus veto disconfirming
[反义词] positive affirmative neutral
painful [-fl]
[释义] adj. 疼痛的，使痛苦的
[同义词] atrocious sore irritating afflictive
[反义词] painless
①27 个学生被告知哪些钢笔是带 电的;另有 27 个只被告知一些是带电 的，当独自一个人在房间的时候，那
room, the students who did not know
些不知道会产生电击的学生比那些知
which ones would shock them clicked more pens and incurred more shocks than the students who knew what would __8__. ②Subsequent experiments reproduced this effect with other stimuli,
[释义] v. 繁殖，再生，复制，使...在脑海中重现
[构词] [re- 再，produce 生产 → 再生产，再造，复制]
[同根词] abduct abduction educate education induce
[同义词] regurgitate procreate multiply
photograph [ˈfəutəgrɑ:f]
inherent [ɪnˈhɪərənt, -ˈher-]
[释义] adj. 固有的，内在的，与生俱来的
[构词] [in- 加强意义，her 粘，-ent …的 → 生来的，固有的，原有的]
2018年5月24日雅思阅读真题回忆以及解析
2018年5月24日雅思阅读真题回忆以及解析2018年5月24日的雅思考试终于结束了，那么不知道同学对于此次考试感觉怎么样呢？下面就和店铺一起来看看2018年5月24日雅思阅读真题回忆以及解析。
今年阅读的新题很多，涉及不同的方面。
今天考试的三篇文章涉及了不同的层面，既有人文科学，也有社会科学，需要考生们有扎实的语言功底和正确的做题习惯。
幸运的是，今天的阅读出现了一篇旧题，之前就刷过这些题目的考生，这次会感觉很友好。
Passage 1：题目：Viking ship and its replica土质研究题型：7判断题+6简答题题号：旧题文章大意：待补充参考答案：待补充参考文章：暂无Passage 2：题目： Tasmania Tiger塔斯马尼亚虎题型：无选项摘要题+人物名称配对题+单选题题号：旧题文章大意：暂无参考答案：14-17）无选项摘要题14. Black stripes.15. 12 million.16. Australia.17. European。
18-22）人物名称配对题18. A。
19. D。
20. C。
21. B。
22. A。
23. D。
24-26）单选题24. B。
25. D。
26. A。
（答案仅供参考）参考文章：Tasmanian Tiger塔斯马尼亚虎Although it was called tiger， it looked like a dog with black stripes on its back and it was the largest known carnivorous marsupial of modem times. Yet， despite its fame for being one of the most fabled animals in the world， it is one of the least understood of Tasmania＇s native animals. The scientific name for the Tasmanian tiger is Thylacine and it is believed that they have become extinct in the 20th century.Fossils of thylacines dating from about almost 12 million years ago have been dug up at various places in Victoria， South Austnilia and Western Australia. They were widespread in Australia 7000 years ago， but have probably been extinct on the continent for 2000 years. This is believed to he because of the introduction of dingoes around 8000 years ago. Because of disease，thylacine numbers may have been declining in Tasmania at the time of European settlement 200 years ago， but the decline was certainly accelerated by the new arrivals. The last known Tasmanian Tiger died in Hobart Zoo in 1936 and the animal is officially dassilied jis extinct. Technically， this meansthat it has not been officially sighted in the wild or captivity for 50 years. However， there are still unsubstantiated sightings.Hans Naarding，whose study of animal had taken him around the world，was conducting a survey of a species of endangered migratory，bird. What he saw that night is now regarded as the most credible sighting recorded of thylacine that many believe has been extinct for more than 70 years.＂I had to work at night＂，Naarding Uikes up the story. ＂I was in the habit of inlermittently shining a spotliglit around. The beam fell on an animal in front of the vehicle， less than 10m away. Instead of risking movement by grabbing for a camera， I decided to register very carefully what I was seeing. The animal was about the size of a small shepherd dog， a very healthy male in prime condition. What set it apart from a dog， though， was a slightly sloping hindquarten with a fairly thick tail being a straight continuation of the backline of the animal. It had 12 distinct stripes on its hack，continuing onto its butt. I knew perfectly well what I was seeing. As soon as I reached for the camera，it disappeared into the tea-tree underprowth and scrub.＂The director of Tasmania＇s National parks at the time，Peter Morrow，decided in his wisdom to keep Naarding＇s sighting of the thylacine secret for two years. When the news finally broke，it was accompanied by pandemonium. I was besieged by television crews， including four to five from Japan，and otliers from the United Kingdom， Germany， New Zealand and South Ainerica，w said Naarding.Government and private search parties combed the region，but no further sightings were made. The tiger， as always， had escaped to its lair， a place many insist exists only in ourimagination. But since then， the thylacine has staged something of a comeback， becoming part of Australian mythology.There have been more than 4，000 claimed sightings of the beast since it supposedly died out， and the average claims each year reported to authorities now number 150. Associate professor of zoology at the University of Tasmania， Randolph Rose， has said he dreams of seeing a thylacine. But Rose， who in his 35 years in Tasmanian academia has fielded countless reports of thylacine sightings， is now convinced that his dream will go unfulfilled.＂The consensus among conservationists is that， usually，any animal with a population base of less than 1，000 is headed for extinction within 60 years，” says Rose. “Sixty years ago，there was only one thylacine that we know of， and that was in Hobart Zoo，he says.Dr. David Pemberton， curator of zoology at the Tasmanian Museum and Art Gallery， whose PhD thesis was on the thylacine，says that despite scientific thinking that 500 animals are required to sustain a population， the Florida panther is down to a dozen or so animals and，while it does have some inbreeding problems， is still ticking along. Mril take a punt and say that，if we manage to find a thylacine in the scrub， it means that there are 50-plus animals out there.After all，animals can be notoriously elusive. The strange fish known as the coelacanth，with its ＂proto-legs＂，was thought to have died out along with the dinosaurs 700 million years ago until a specimen was dragged to the surface in a shark net off the south-east coast of South Africa in 1938.Wildlife biologist Nick Mooney has the unenviable task of investigating all wsightingsw of llie tiger totalling 4，000 sincethe mid-1930s， and averaging about 150 a year. It was Mooney who was first consulted late last month about the authenticity of digital photographic images purportedly taken by a German tourist while on a recent bushwalk in the state. On face value，Mooney says，the account of the sighting，and the two photographs submitted as proof， amount to one of the most convincing cases for the species＇ survival he has seen.And Mooney has seen it all—the mistakes， the hoaxes， the illusions and the plausible accounts of sightings. Hoaxers aside，most people who report sightings end up believing they have seen a thylaeine，and are themselves believable to the point they could pass a lie-detector test， according to Mooney. Otliers，having tabled a creditable report，then become utterly obsessed like the Tasmanian who has registered 99 thylacine sightings to date. Mooney has seen individuals bankrupted by the obsession， and families destroyed. ＂It is a blind optimism tliat something is，rather than a cynicism that something isn’t，” Mooney says. “If something cr osses the road，it’s not a case of ‘I wonder what tliat was？* Rather， it is a case of ＇that＇s a thylacine！＇ It is a bit like a gold prospector＇s blind faith，＂it has got to be there＂.However， Mooney treats all reports on face value. I never try to embarrass people， or make fools of them. But the fact that I don＇t pack the car immediately they ring can often be taken as ridicule. Obsessive characters get irate tliat someone in my position is not out there when they think the thylacine is there.＂But Hans Naarding， whose sighting of a striped animal two decades ago was the highlight of Ma life of animal spotting＂，remains bemused by the time and money people waste on tigersearches. He says resources would be better applied to saving the Tasmanian devil，and helping migratory bird populations that are declining as a result of shrinking wetlands across Australia.Could the thylacine still be out there？ MSure，w Naarding says. But he also says any discovery of surviving thylacines would be Mrather pointless＂. MHow do you save a species from extinction？ What could you do with it？ If there are thylacines out there， they are better off right where they are.＂Questions 14-17Complete the summary below.Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the passage for each answer.Write your answers in boxes 14-17 on your answer sheet.The Tasmanian tiger， also called thylacine， resembles the look of a dog and has 14_________onitsfUrcoat.M£inyfossilshavebeenfound，showingthatthylacines had existed as early as 15______________years ago. They lived throughout 16________ before disappearing from the mainland. And soon after the 17___________ settlers arrived the size of thylacine population in Tasmania shrunk at a higher speed.Questions 18-23Look at the following statements （Questions 18-23） and the list of people below.Match each statement with the correct person， A， B， C or D， Write the correct letter A， B， C or Dt in boxes 18-23 on your answer sheet.NB You may use any letter more than once.List of PeopleA Hans NaardingB Randolph RoseC David PembertonD Nick Mooney18 His report of seeing a live thylacine in the wild attracted international interest.19 Many eye-witnesses1 reports are not trustworthy.20 It doesnJ t require a certain number of animals to ensure the survival of a species.21 There is no hope of finding a surviving Tasmanian tiger.22 Do not disturb them if there are any Tasmanian tigers still living today.23 The interpretation of evidence can be affected by people＇s beliefs.Questions 24-26Write the correct letter in boxes 37-39 on your answer sheet.37. Hans Narrding’s sighting has resulted inA government and organizations’ cooperative efforts to protect thylacineB extensive interests to find a living thylacine.C increase of the number of reports of thylacine worldwide.D growth of popularity of thylacine in literature.38. The example fo coelacanth is to illustrateA it lived in the same period with dinosaursB how dinosaurs evolved legsC some animals are difficult to catch in the wildD extinction of certain species can be mistaken39. Mooney believes that all sighting reports should beA given some credit as they claim even if they are untrueB aced upon immediatelyC viewed as equally untrustworthyD questioned and carefully investigated Passage 3：题目：天赋题型：暂无题号：新题文章大意：待补充参考答案：待补充参考文章：暂无。
雅思18test2阅读
孔子的读书心得(通用7篇)孔子的读书心得篇1孔子，中国古代伟大的思想家、教育家、政治家，儒家学派创始人，名字为孔丘，字仲尼。
他的主要成就包括提出“仁”的学说，主张爱人如己，要求统治者为政以德，强调统治者应该反对苛政，让人民过上富足的生活，并且要求统治者体恤民情，爱惜民力。
他的教育思想也对后人产生了深远的影响，他提倡“有教无类”，认为人人都有受教育的资格，并主张“温故而知新”，即通过积累知识，可以从中获得新的领悟。
在孔子的思想中，“仁”是他的核心学说，他通过解释“仁”的含义和践行方式，阐述了其对于人类社会和人类自身的深刻理解。
他主张以德治国，反对苛政，认为“民可使由之，不可使知之”，即可以通过引导和教育人民，使他们遵守道德规范，而不是强制他们接受过度的管束。
在阅读孔子思想的过程中，我深深感受到他的伟大之处。
他的学说不仅具有深远的理论价值，更具有指导实践的现实意义。
他的教育思想让我明白了教育对于个人成长和社会发展的重要性，而他的治国理念则让我认识到一个好的政府应该如何为人民谋福利，为社会创造和谐稳定的环境。
总之，孔子是一位伟大的思想家，他的学说对于人类社会的影响深远。
通过阅读孔子的思想，我不仅获得了丰富的知识，更深刻地认识到了人类自身的价值和意义。
孔子的读书心得篇2胡玫是个了不起的女导演，她能把有关于信仰与理念的重大主题在荧屏的方寸间运筹帷幄，不能不说这些有关于她的气度与胸怀。
正如比李咏更出众的哈文一样，其唯美与气魄的完美统一，告诉世界，女人的心胸不只是仅仅能容下厨房与男人，如果有其善良、善感、坚忍与包容，她甚至比男人更能容下这个正反两面的世界。
在胡玫导演的电影《孔子》里我看到了这一点。
后人追寻着孔子闪闪发光的思想一走千年，却不知其实孔子的一生也是因落魄不得志而郁郁寡欢。
那么多有见地的政治思想和四两拨千斤的军事谋略，只能寄托给能够采纳它的明君智臣，这不能不说是其命运的悲哀。
所以当我们看到颜回在冰河中用生命去护卫圣人的思想时，看到子路急于实现孔子的理想而战死沙场时，我们便会不由自主地热泪狂奔。
剑桥雅思18阅读 解析
剑桥雅思18阅读解析【最新版】目录1.剑桥雅思 18 阅读概述2.剑桥雅思 18 阅读题目类型及解题技巧3.剑桥雅思 18 阅读练习及答案解析4.备考建议及资源推荐正文【剑桥雅思 18 阅读概述】剑桥雅思 18 是剑桥大学考试委员会推出的官方雅思真题集，其中包括了雅思阅读、听力、写作和口语四个部分的题目。
对于备考雅思的考生来说，剑桥雅思 18 阅读题目具有很高的参考价值，可以帮助考生了解雅思阅读考试的题型、难度和趋势。
本文将对剑桥雅思 18 阅读进行解析，为考生提供一些备考建议和资源推荐。
【剑桥雅思 18 阅读题目类型及解题技巧】剑桥雅思 18 阅读题目主要包括以下几种类型：1.事实细节题：要求考生从文章中找出具体的事实信息，如数据、时间、地点等。
2.推理判断题：要求考生根据文章的内容进行推理和判断，如推断作者的观点、态度等。
3.词汇理解题：要求考生理解文章中出现的生词或难词，以及理解其上下文的含义。
4.主旨大意题：要求考生概括文章的主题或段落的主旨。
针对这些题目类型，考生可以采用以下解题技巧：1.事实细节题：快速定位到相关段落，仔细阅读并找出答案。
2.推理判断题：结合全文内容进行推理，注意不要过度推理或主观臆断。
3.词汇理解题：利用上下文和词根词缀等方法猜测词义，避免直接查阅词典。
4.主旨大意题：通读全文或段落，抓住核心内容，简洁概括。
【剑桥雅思 18 阅读练习及答案解析】为了帮助考生更好地了解剑桥雅思 18 阅读题目，这里提供一篇阅读练习及答案解析：阅读文章：Australia’s Sporting SuccessPassage 1:You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 1-13, which are based on the reading passage below.Australia’s Sporting SuccessAustralia is a country known for its sporting achievements.Its success in sports can be attributed to several factors.Firstly, Australia has a population of just over 24 million people, but it has a large number of sports clubs and organizations that cater to people of all ages and abilities.This means that there are many opportunities for people to participate in sports.Secondly, sports are highly valued in Australianculture.Sports events are regularly televised, and people from all walks of life enjoy watching and discussing sports.Thirdly, Australia has a strong system of sports education and training.Many schools have sports programs that cater to studentsof different ages and abilities.In addition, there are many sports academies that provide specialized training to talented athletes.Finally, Australia’s success in sports is also due to its strong commitment to investing in sports infrastructure.The government has invested heavily in building sports facilities, such as stadiums and swimming pools, which are accessible to the public.Questions:1.What is the population of Australia?2.What factors contribute to Australia’s success in sports?3.How does the Australian government invest in sports infrastructure?【备考建议及资源推荐】1.多做真题：通过练习剑桥雅思 18 等真题集，了解考试题型和难度，提高解题能力。
剑桥雅思18t2阅读
剑桥雅思18t2阅读剑桥雅思18考试是一次重要的国际英语能力测试，涵盖了听力、阅读、写作和口语四个部分。
其中，阅读部分是考查学生在阅读理解和分析能力方面的能力。
本文将重点探讨剑桥雅思18考试的阅读部分，包括其特点、难度以及备考建议。
一、剑桥雅思18考试阅读部分概述剑桥雅思18考试的阅读部分是一项基于真实语料的测试，旨在考查学生在各类文本中获取信息、推断意义和推理作者意图的能力。
阅读部分共分为三篇文章，涵盖了不同主题和文体，如社科类、自然科学类、人文类等。
每篇文章长度在800-1000词左右，通常由三个段落组成。
剑桥雅思18考试的阅读部分总计40个问题，每篇文章后附有13-14个问题。
二、剑桥雅思18考试阅读部分特点1. 专业性强：剑桥雅思18考试的阅读材料选择了一些专业领域的文章，如心理学、环境科学、社会学等。
这些文章除了在内容上充实、丰富外，还有一定的专业性，需要考生熟悉相关背景知识。
2. 多种题型：剑桥雅思18考试的阅读部分涉及多种题型，如填空题、选择题、匹配题、判断题等。
每种题型对学生的阅读能力和解题能力有不同的要求，需要考生灵活运用各种解题方法。
3. 难度适中：剑桥雅思18考试的阅读部分整体难度适中。
尽管考生需要具备较好的英语阅读水平，但文章的长度不算太长，词汇难度相对可控。
同时，文章在语言表达上也较为规范，不会出现过多的复杂结构和隐晦句意。
三、剑桥雅思18考试阅读部分备考建议1. 增强词汇量：阅读部分涉及大量的词汇，因此建议考生在备考过程中增加词汇量，特别是一些专业性较强的词汇。
可以通过背单词、阅读英文原著、参加培训班等方式来提高词汇量。
2. 提高阅读速度：在考试总时间有限的情况下，提高阅读速度显得尤为重要。
建议考生通过多读英文文章，并注意提高阅读效率，培养快速扫描和寻找关键信息的能力。
3. 加强练习：多做剑桥雅思18考试的真题和练习题，熟悉题型，了解考点。
通过分析解题过程和答案解析，找出解题的技巧和规律，做到知己知彼。
剑桥18t2test1范文
剑桥18t2test1范文剑桥18t2test1范文：人工智能的发展与应用人工智能（Artificial Intelligence，AI）是一种模拟人类智能的技术和系统，它可以感知、学习、推理和决策。
近年来，随着计算机技术的迅速发展，人工智能逐渐走进人们的生活，并在各个领域发挥着重要作用。
人工智能在医疗领域的应用越来越广泛。
通过分析大量的医疗数据，人工智能可以帮助医生进行疾病的早期诊断和治疗方案的制定。
例如，人工智能可以通过对患者病历和病例的分析，辅助医生进行癌症的早期筛查，从而提高治疗的成功率。
此外，人工智能还可以在手术中提供辅助，通过精确的计算和操作，减少手术风险，提高手术成功率。
人工智能在交通领域的应用也越来越受到关注。
随着城市化进程的加快，交通拥堵问题日益突出。
人工智能可以通过分析交通数据和预测交通流量，优化交通信号灯的配时，提高道路通行效率。
此外，人工智能还可以通过智能驾驶技术实现无人驾驶，减少交通事故的发生。
人工智能在金融领域的应用也十分广泛。
人工智能可以通过分析大量的金融数据，预测股市走向，提供投资建议。
此外，人工智能还可以通过对用户行为的学习和分析，提供个性化的金融服务。
例如，银行可以通过人工智能技术识别用户的消费习惯，推荐适合用户的金融产品和服务。
除了以上几个领域，人工智能还在教育、娱乐、安防等领域发挥着重要作用。
在教育领域，人工智能可以根据学生的学习情况，提供个性化的学习方案和辅导。
在娱乐领域，人工智能可以根据用户的喜好，推荐适合的电影、音乐和游戏。
在安防领域，人工智能可以通过图像识别和行为分析，提高监控系统的效率和准确性。
然而，人工智能的发展也带来了一些问题和挑战。
首先，人工智能可能会导致一些职业的消失。
随着自动化技术的发展，一些简单重复性的工作可能会被机器取代，从而导致人们失去工作机会。
其次，人工智能的发展也带来了一些伦理和法律问题。
例如，无人驾驶技术可能会面临道德和法律责任的问题，当发生交通事故时，应该由谁来承担责任？人工智能的发展为我们的生活带来了许多便利和机遇，但也带来了一些问题和挑战。
雅思剑18写作范文test2
雅思剑18写作范文test2Task 1（小作文：柱状图）题目大概是关于不同年龄段人群在四个不同年份对某种产品（假设为智能手机）的拥有率。
一、开头段。
Hey, look at this super interesting bar chart. It's all about how different age groups own smartphones in four different years. It's like a peek into the digital habits of people over time.二、主体段1（按年龄段描述趋势）Let's start with the youngest age group, say 16 24 years old. Well, in the first year, their ownership rate was already quite high, like around 30%. And then, whoosh! It just kept on climbing over the years. By the last year shown on the chart, it was almost up to 80%. These young folks arelike digital natives, always quick to grab the latest gadgets.Now, the 25 34 year olds. Their initial ownership rate was a bit lower than the youngest group in the first year, about 20%. But they also showeda steady increase. They were like, "Hey, we can't be left behind!" and by the end, they reached around 70%.The 35 44 year olds had a more gradual start. In the beginning, only about 15% of them had smartphones. But as time passed, they started tocatch up too. It's like they finally realized how useful these things arefor work and play. By the last year, their ownership rate got to around 60%.三、主体段2（对比分析）The older age groups, like 45 54 and 55+ were a bit different. The 45 54 year olds started really low, around 5% in the first year. They seemed a bit more hesitant about this new technology. But slowly and surely, they started to get on board. By the last year, they had around 40% ownership.The 55+ age group was the slowest to adapt. Their initial ownership rate was barely 2% in the first year. It was like they were thinking, "What on earth is this smartphone thing?" But even they couldn't resist the trend completely. By the end, they had about 20% ownership.四、结尾段。
雅思18解析
雅思18解析摘要：一、引言1.介绍雅思考试2.说明雅思18 的难度和重要性二、雅思18 的题型和难度1.听力部分2.阅读部分3.写作部分4.口语部分三、备考雅思18 的建议1.了解考试内容和结构2.制定合理的备考计划3.提高语言技能4.做模拟试题和真题练习5.参加培训课程和寻求指导四、总结1.强调雅思18 的重要性2.鼓励考生积极备考正文：雅思考试是英语能力的测试，被广泛应用于留学、移民等领域。
雅思18是雅思考试的最新版本，相较于之前的版本，雅思18 在题型和难度上有所改变，因此对于考生来说，备考雅思18 显得尤为重要。
雅思18 的题型和难度如下：在听力部分，雅思18 的题目更加贴近实际生活，需要考生对英语国家的日常生活、文化和社会有较深入的了解。
此外，雅思18 的听力材料长度有所增加，对考生的听力理解和速记能力提出了更高的要求。
阅读部分，雅思18 的文章主题更加广泛，涵盖了科学、社会、文化等多个领域。
文章的难度也有所提高，考生需要在较短的时间内理解并分析文章内容，回答问题。
此外，雅思18 的阅读部分还新增了段落标题匹配题，考生需要掌握新的解题技巧。
写作部分，雅思18 的题目更加灵活，要求考生具备较强的逻辑思维和表达能力。
考生需要针对题目要求，组织清晰、有条理的文章结构，同时注意语法、词汇和拼写等方面的准确性。
在口语部分，雅思18 的话题更加多样化，涵盖了日常生活、工作和学习等多个方面。
考生需要具备流利的口语表达能力，同时能够准确地传达自己的观点和看法。
此外，雅思18 的口语部分还增加了即兴演讲环节，考生需要在短时间内准备和完成演讲。
针对雅思18 的备考，建议考生首先了解考试内容和结构，熟悉各个部分的题型和要求。
其次，制定合理的备考计划，确保在规定的时间内完成各项备考任务。
同时，提高语言技能，包括词汇、语法、发音等方面。
此外，通过做模拟试题和真题练习，考生可以熟悉考试流程，检验自己的备考效果。
如果有条件，考生还可以参加培训课程，寻求专业老师的指导。
雅思(阅读)模拟试卷18(题后含答案及解析)
雅思（阅读）模拟试卷18(题后含答案及解析) 题型有：1. Reading ModuleReading Module (60 minutes)READING PASSAGE 1You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 1-13, which are based on Reading Passage 1 below. Money transfers by mobile A The ping of a text message has never sounded so sweet. In what is being touted as a world first, Kenya’s biggest mobile operator is allowing subscribers to send cash to other phone users by SMS. Known as M-Pesa, or mobile money, the service is expected to revolutionise banking in a country where more than 80% of people are excluded from the formal financial sector. Apart from transferring cash--a service much in demand among urban Kenyans supporting relatives in rural areas---customers of the Safaricom network will be able to keep up to 50000 shillings (￡370) in a “virtual account”on their handsets.B Developed by V odafone, which holds a 35% share in Safaricom, M-Pesa was formally launched in Kenya two weeks ago. More than 10000 people have signed up for the service, with around 8 minion shillings transferred so far, mostly in tiny denominations. Safaricom’s executives are confident that growth will be strong in Kenya, and later across Africa. “We are effectively giving people ATM cards without them ever having to open a real bank account,” said Michael Joseph, chief executive of Safaricom, who called the money transfer concept the “next big thing” in mobile telephony.C M-Pesa’s is simple. There is no need for a new handset or SIM card. To send money you hand over the cash to a registered agent-- typically a retailer-who credits your virtual account. You then send between 100 shillings (74p) and 35,000 shillings (￡259) via text message to the desired recipient--even someone on a different mobile network-- who cashes it at an agent by entering a secret code and showing ID. A commission of up to 170 shillings (￡1.25) is paid by the recipient but it compares favourably with fees levied by the major banks, whose services are too expensive for most of the population.D Mobile phone growth in Kenya, as in most of Africa, has been remarkable, even among the rural poor. In June 1999 Kenya had 15000 mobile subscribers. Today it has nearly 8 million out of a population of 35 million, and the two operators’networks are as extensive as the access to banks is limited. Safaricom says it is not so much competing with financial services companies as filling a void. In time, M-Pesa will allow people to borrow and repay money, and make purchases. Companies will be able to pay salaries directly into workers’phones--something that has already attracted the interest of larger employers, such as the tea companies, whose workers often have to be paid in cash as they do not have bank accounts. There are concerns about security, but Safaricom insists that even if someone’s phone is stolen the PIN system prevents unauthorised withdrawals. Mr Joseph said the only danger is sendingcash to the wrong mobile number and the recipient redeeming it straight away.E The project is being watched closely by mobile operators around the world as a way of targeting the multibillion pound international cash transfer industry long dominated by companies such as Western Union and Moneygram. Remittances sent from nearly 200 million migrant workers to developing countries totalled ￡102 billion last year, according to the World Bank. The GSM Association, which represents more than 700 mobile operators worldwide, believes this could quadruple by 2012 if transfers by SMS become the norm. V odafone has entered a partnership with Citigroup that will soon allow Kenyans in the UK to send money home via text message. The charge for sending￡50 is expected to be about ￡3, less than a third of what some traditional services charge.Questions 1-4The text has 5 paragraphs (A-E). Which paragraph contains each of the following pieces of information?1．A possible security problem.正确答案：D*2．The cost of M-Pesa.正确答案：C*3．An international service similar to M-Pesa.正确答案：E*4．The fact that most Kenyans do not have a bank account.正确答案：AQuestions 5-8Complete the following sentences using NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS from the text.5．Safaricom is the ______ mobile phone company in Kenya.正确答案：biggest*6．An M-Pesa account needs to be credited by ______.正确答案：an agent/a registered agent*7．______ companies are particularly interested in using M-Pesa.正确答案：Tea*8．Companies like Moneygram and Western Union have ______ the international money transfer market.正确答案：long dominatedQuestions 9-13Do the following statements agree with the information given in the text? TRUE——if the information in the text agrees with the statement FALSE——if the information in the text contradicts the statement NOT GIVEN——if there is no information on this9．Most Kenyans working in urban areas have relatives in rural areas.A．真B．假C．NOT GIVEN正确答案：C*10．So far, most of the people using M-Pesa have used it to send small amounts of money.A．真B．假C．NOT GIVEN正确答案：A*11．M-Pesa can only be used by people using one phone network.A．真B．假C．NOT GIVEN正确答案：B*12．M-Pesa can be used to buy products and services.A．真B．假C．NOT GIVEN正确答案：B*13．The GSM Association is a consumer organization.A．真B．假C．NOT GIVEN正确答案：BREADING PASSAGE 2You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 14-26, which are based on Reading Passage 2 below. Park the Car Permanently A More than a million people are likely to be disappointed by their experience of the Government’s attempts to improve the democratic process. They may have signed an online petition against road pricing, but ministers are determined to push ahead with plans to make it more expensive to drive. The Government is convinced that this is the only way to reduce congestion and the environmental damage caused by motoring.B Why wait until you are forced off the road by costly charges? You may enjoy the convenience of your car, but the truth is that for huge numbers of people, owning a car makes little financial sense. You’d be far better off giving it up and relying on other forms of transport. “I’m 47 and I’ve never owned a car, despite having a job that requires me to travel all over the South-east to visit clients,”says Donnachadh McCarthy, an environmental expert who specialises in advising people how to be greener. “A car is a huge financial commitment, as well as being a psychological addiction. Not owning a vehicle Is far more practical than most people realise.”C It may seem as if cars have never been cheaper. After all, It is now possible to buy a brand new car for less than ￡4800--the Perodua Kelisa, if you’re Interested. There are plenty of decent vehicles you can buy straight from the showroom for between ￡5000 and ￡7000. Of course, if you buy second-hand, the prices will be even lower. However, the falling purchase price of cars masks the fact that it has never been more expensive to own and run o vehicle. The estimate Is that the cost of running a car rose by more than ten per cent last year alone. The annual cost of running your own vehicle is put at an average of ￡5539, or ￡107 a week. White drivers who do less or more than the average mileage each year will spend correspondingly less or more, many of the costs of car ownership are fixed--and therefore unavoidable.D Depreciation---the fact that your vehicle loses a large chunk of its resale value each year—s one problem, accounting for ￡2420 a year. The cost of finance packages, which most people have to resort to to pay for at least part of the price of a new car, has also been rising--to an average of ￡1040 a year. Then there’s insurance, maintenance, tax and breakdown Insurance, all of which will cost you broadly the same amount, however many miles you do. Only fuel costs are truly variable. While petrol prices are the most visible Indicator of the cost of running a car, for the typicaldriver they account for less than one-fifth of the real costs each year. In other wards, leaving aside all the practical and psychological barriers to giving up your car, in financial terms doing so makes sense for many people.E Take the cost of public transport, for example. In London, the most expensive city in the UK, the most expensive annual travel card, allowing travel in any zone at any time, costs Just over ￡1700. You could give up your car and still have thousands of pounds to spare to spend on occasional car hire. in fact, assuming that you have the most expensive travel card in London, you could hire a cheap car from a company such as easyCar far about 30 weeks a year, and still be better off overall than if you own your own vehicle. Not that car hire is necessarily the mast cost-effective option for people who are prepared to do without a car but may still need to drive occasionally.F Streetcar, one of several “car clubs” with growing numbers of members, reckons that using its vehicles twice a week, every week, for a year, would cost you just ￡700. Streetcar’s model works very similarly to those of its main rivals, Citycarclub and Whizzgo. These three companies, which now operate in 20 of Britain’s towns and cities, charge their members a refundable deposit--￡150 at Streetcar---and then provide them with an electronic smartcard. This enables members to get into the vehicles, which are left parked In set locations, and the keys are then found in the glove compartment. Members pay an hourly rate for the car--￡4.95 is the cost at Streetcar---and return it to the same spot, or to a different designated parking place.G Car sharing is an increasingly popular option for people making the same journeys regularly--to and from work, far example. Many companies run schemes that help colleagues who live near to each other and work in the same place to contact each other so they can share the Journey to work. Liftshare and Carshare are two national organisations that maintain online databases of people who would be prepared to team up, Other people may be able to replace part or all of their journey to work-- or any journeys, for that matter--with low-cost transport such as a bicycle, or even by just walking. The more you can reduce your car use, however you gain access to it, the more you will save.Questions 14-17The text has 7paragraphs (A-G). Which paragraph does each of the following headings best fit?14．Don’t wait!正确答案：B*15．Team up正确答案：G*16．Join a club正确答案：F*17．Use public transport正确答案：EQuestions 18-22According to the text, FIVE of the following statements are true. Write the corresponding letters in answer boxes 18 to 22 in any order.[A] Me Carthy claims people can become addicted to using cars.[B] The cost of using a car rose by over ten per cent last year.[C] Most British people borrow money to help buy cars.[D] Many people need cars to drive in London occasionally.[E] Streetcar operates in over 20 cities in Britain.[F] Streetcar’s cars must be left at specific locations.[G] Car sharing is becoming more popular with people who live and work near each other.[H] The government wants to encourage people to go to work on foot or by bicycle.18．【18】______正确答案：A*19．【19】______正确答案：B*20．【20】______正确答案：C*21．【21】______正确答案：F*22．【22】______正确答案：GQuestions 23-26According to the information given in the text, choose the correct answer or answers from the choices given.23．The government has decided ______.A．not to follow protestors’ suggestions.B．to become more democratic.C．to go ahead with charging drivers to use roads.正确答案：AC*24．Cars are often ______.A．relatively cheap in Britain.B．relatively expensive to operate in Britain.C．sold second-hand in Britain.正确答案：AB*25．Fuel costs ______.A．make up about 20% of the cost of running a car.B．are related to the amount drivers pay for their cars.C．depend on how far you drive.正确答案：AC*26．Using public transport ______.A．will save money for British motorists, except in London.B．and renting a car part of the time can save money.C．costs Londoners about ￡1700 a year.正确答案：BREADING PASSAGE 3You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 27-40, which are based on Reading Passage 3 below.Low Cost Lamps Light Rural India Until throe months ago, life in this humble village without electricity would come to a halt after sunset. Inside his mud-and-clay home, Ganpat Jadhav’s three children used to study in the dim, smoky glow of a kerosene lamp. When their monthly fuel quota of four litres dried up in just a fortnight, they had to strain their eyes using the light from a cooking fire. That all changed with the installation of low-cost, energy-efficient lamps that are powered entirely by the sun. The lights were installed by the Grameen Surya Bijli Foundation (GSBF), an Indian non-governmental organization focused on bringing light to rural India. Some 100,000 Indian villages do not yet have electricity. The GSBF lamps use LEDs--light emitting diodes--that are four times more efficient than a normal bulb. After a ＄55 installation cost, solar energy lights the lamp free of charge. LED lighting, like cell phones, is another example of a technology whose low cost could allow the rural poor to leap into the 21st century.As many as 1.5 billion people--nearly 80 million in India alone--light their houses using kerosene as the primary lighting media. The fuelis dangerous, dirty, and--despite being subsidized--consumes nearly four percent of a typical rural Indian household’s budget. A recent report by the Intermediate Technology Development Group suggests that indoor air pollution from such lighting media results in 1.6 million deaths worldwide every year. LED lamps, or more specifically white LEDS, are believed to produce nearly 200 times more useful light than a kerosene lamp and almost 50 times the amount of useful light of a conventional bulb. “This technology can light an entire rural village with less energy than that used by a single conventional 100 watt light bulb,” says Dave Irvins-Halliday, a professor of electrical engineering at the University of Calgary, Canada and the founder of Light Up the World Foundation (LUTW). Founded in 1997, LUTW has used LED technology to bring light to nearly 10000 homes in remote and disadvantaged comers of some 27 countries like India, Nepal, Sri Lanka, Bolivia, and the Philippines. The technology, which is not yet widely known in India, faces some scepticism here. “LED systems are revolutionising rural lighting, but this isn’t a magic solution to the world’s energy problems,”says Ashok Jhunjhunwala, head of the electrical engineering department at the Indian Institute of Technology, Madras. In a scenario in which nearly 60 percent of India’s rural population uses 180 million tons of biomass per year for cooking via primitive wood stoves--which are smoky and provide only 10-15 percent efficiency in cooking--Jhunjhunwala emphasises the need for a clean energy source, not just for lighting but for other domestic purposes as well The Indian government in April launched an ambitious project to bring electricity to 112000 rural villages in the next decade. However, the remote locations of the village will make reaching this goal difficult. A.K. Lakhina, the chairman of India’s Rural Electrification Corporation, says the Indian government recognizes the potential of LED lighting powered by solar technology, but expressed reservations about its high costs. “If only LEDs weren’t imported but manufactured locally,”he says, “and in bulk.”The lamps installed in nearly 300 homes by GSBF cost nearly half the price of other solar lighting systems. Jasjeet Singh Chaddha, the founder of the NGO, currently imports his LEDs from China. He wants to set up an LED manufacturing unit and a solar panel manufacturing unit in India. If manufactured locally, the cost of his LED lamp could plummet to ＄22, as they won’t incur heavy import duties. “We need close to ＄5 million for this,” he says. Mr. Chaddha says he has also asked the government to exempt the lamps from such duties, but to no avail. An entrepreneur who made his money in plastics, Chaddha has poured his own money into the project, providing the initial installations free of charge. As be looks to make the project self-sustainable, he recognizes that it’s only urban markets--which have also shown an avid interest in LED lighting--that can pay. The rural markets in india can’t afford it, he says, until the prices are brought down. The rural markets would be able to afford it, says Mr. Irvine-Halliday, if they had access to micro-credit. He says that in Tembisa, a shanty town in Johannesburg, he found that almost 10,000 homes spent more than ＄60 each on candles and paraffin every year. As calculations revealed, these families can afford to purchase a solid state lighting system in just over a year of paying per week what they would normally spend on candles and paraffin--if they have access to micro-credit. LUTW is in the process of creating such a micro-creditfacility for South Africa.In villages near Khadakwadi, the newly installed LED lamps are a subject of envy, even for those connected to the grid. Those connected to the grid have to face power cuts up to 6 or 7 hours a day. Constant energy shortages and blackouts are a common problem due to a lack of power plants, transmission, and distribution losses caused by old technology and illegal stealing of electricity from the grid. LEO systems require far less maintenance, a longer life, and as villagers jokingly say, “no electricity bills.”The lamps provided by GSBF have enough power to provide just four hours of light a day. However, that’s enough for people to get their work done in the early hours of the night, and is more reliable than light generated off India’s electrical grid, Villagers are educated by GSBF officials to make the most of the new lamps. An official from GSBF instructs Jadhav and his family to clean the lamp regularly. “Its luminosity and life will diminish if you let the dust settle on it,”he warns them.Questions 27-30For each question only ONE of the choices is correct. Write the corresponding letter in the appropriate box on your answer sheet.27．The GSBF lamps ______.A．provide light for 100000 Indian villages.B．are very expensive to install.C．are powered by the sun.正确答案：C*28．More than half of India’s population uses ______.A．kerosene as a cooking fuel.B．biomass as a cooking fuel.C．solar power as a cooking fuel.正确答案：B*29．In India, the GSBF lamps are too expensive for most people ______.A．in rural areas.B．in urban areas.C．in all areas.正确答案：A*30．The GSBF lamps ______.A．are not as reliable as electricity from the national power grid.B．require skill to use.C．only provide four hours of light a day.正确答案：CQuestions 31-35Complete the following sentences using NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS from the text.31．Another example of cheap technology helping poor people in the countryside is ______.正确答案：cell phones*32．Kerosene lamps and conventional bulbs give off less ______ than GSBF lamps.正确答案：useful light*33．It is unlikely that the Indian government will achieve its aim of connecting 112000 villages to electricity because many villages are ______.正确答案：remote*34．GSBF lamps would be cheaper if it weren’t for ______.正确答案：(heavy) import duties*35．Users need to wipe ______ from the LED in order to keep it working well.正确答案：dustQuestions 36-40Do the following statements agree with the information given in the text? TRUE——if the information in the text agrees with the statement FALSE——if the information in the text contradicts the statement NOT GIVEN——if there is no information on this36．Ganpat Jadhav’s monthly ration of kerosene was insufficient.A．真B．假C．NOT GIVEN正确答案：A*37．Kerosene causes many fires in homes in developing countries.A．真B．假C．NOT GIVEN正确答案：C*38．LED systems could solve the world’s energy problems.A．真B．假C．NOT GIVEN正确答案：B*39．Chaddha has so far funded the GSBF lamp project himself. A．真B．假C．NOT GIVEN正确答案：A*40．Micro-credit would help to get more people to use LED lamps. A．真B．假C．NOT GIVEN正确答案：A。
2018英语二阅读text1
2018英语二阅读text1In the 2018 English Second Language Examination, Text 1 was given as part of the reading comprehension section. This text focused on the topic of animal intelligence and the need for further research in this field. It included four passages that discussed different aspects of animal intelligence. The paragraphs below provide a summary and analysis of each passage.Passage 1 discusses the cognitive abilities of rats. The author states that rats are capable of sophisticated behaviors and learning capacities, which are comparable to those of humans and primates. The passage further explains various experiments conducted on rats to test their problem-solving skills and decision-making abilities. The results of these experiments indicate that rats possess a higher level of cognitive functions than previously recognized.In Passage 2, the focus shifts to the social intelligence of elephants. The author highlights the complex social structure and emotional bonds within elephant herds. The passage also presents evidence of elephants demonstrating empathy and mourning rituals for deceased members of their herd. Examples of cooperative behaviors, such as assisting injured herd members and caring for young elephants, are discussed, further supporting the idea of elephants' high level of social intelligence.Passage 3 explores the communication skills of dolphins. It discusses how dolphins use a unique system of clicks, whistles, and body movements to communicate with one another. The author explains that dolphins possess a sophisticated language-like system, allowing them to convey complex messages and establish social bonds. The passage also provides examples ofdolphins engaging in cooperative hunting and coordinating their efforts through vocalizations.In Passage 4, the focus shifts to the problem-solving abilities of crows. The author explains how crows have been observed using tools to obtain food and solve complex puzzles. The passage also discusses the idea of crows having a sense of self-awareness, as demonstrated through their ability to recognize themselves in mirrors. The passage emphasizes the need for further research to understand the full extent of crows' cognitive abilities.Overall, these four passages highlight the remarkable intelligence of animals and the importance of studying animal cognition. The examples provided in each passage demonstrate that animals possess a wide range of cognitive abilities that are often underestimated. Understanding animal intelligence not only enriches our understanding of the animal kingdom but also has important implications for conservation efforts and the ethical treatment of animals.In conclusion, Text 1 of the 2018 English Second Language Examination delves into the topic of animal intelligence. The four passages within the text shed light on the cognitive abilities of rats, the social intelligence of elephants, the communication skills of dolphins, and the problem-solving abilities of crows. By presenting compelling evidence of these abilities, the text emphasizes the need for further research into animal cognition. This understanding not only enhances our appreciation for the intricate minds of animals but also influences our approaches to conservation and ethical treatment.。
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雅思18test2passage1阅读解析
摘要：
1.文章概述
2.文章结构
3.文章主题细节解析
4.文章结论
正文：
1.文章概述
本文是一篇关于雅思18test2passage1 阅读解析的文章，主要针对这篇文章进行深入的解析，帮助考生更好地理解文章内容，提高阅读能力。
2.文章结构
文章分为四个部分，分别是文章概述、文章主题细节解析、文章结论和总结。
文章概述部分介绍了文章的主题和目的，文章主题细节解析部分详细解析了文章的主题内容，文章结论部分总结了文章的主题和结论，总结部分对整篇文章进行了总结。
3.文章主题细节解析
文章的主题是关于雅思18test2passage1 的阅读解析，主要从以下几个方面进行了解析：
（1）文章的主旨：文章主要讲述了如何提高阅读能力，以及如何在阅读中获取关键信息。
（2）文章的结构：文章采用了总分总的结构，首先介绍了文章的主题和目的，然后详细解析了文章的内容，最后总结了文章的主题和结论。
（3）文章的细节：文章详细解析了文章的主题内容，包括如何提高阅读能力、如何在阅读中获取关键信息等。
4.文章结论
文章的结论是，通过提高阅读能力和在阅读中获取关键信息，可以更好地理解和掌握文章的内容。
同时，文章也提醒考生，在阅读中要注意细节，避免因为疏忽而遗漏关键信息。