2017高考英语二轮复习第一部分语法突破专题1名词、冠词和代词第2讲冠词突破点2冠词用于固定搭配中对点巩固
高考英语二轮复习抢分秘笈：冠词、名词、代词(含答案)
高考英语二轮复习抢分秘笈：冠词、名词、代词（含答案）考点 1 冠词冠词是历年高考的必考点，对于冠词的考查主要集中在冠词的基本用法和习惯用法，高考中常见的考点如下：①冠词的泛指、特指②在形容词和副词比较等级前的用法③固定搭配④ a 和an的区别（2017新增）预计2019年的高考仍然会以考查冠词在具体语境中的正确使用为主，以语篇型语法填空和短文改错的形式出现，它可能把冠词的各种用法结合名词一起进行考查。
考向1 不定冠词1. 与可数名词单数连用, 表示类别，泛指一类人或事物。
☞—I knocked over my coffee cup. It went right over the keyboard.—You shouldn’t put drinks near a computer.2. 用来表示不确定的某一个, 相当于a certain。
☞—Hello, could I speak to Mr. Smith?—Sorr y, wrong number. There isn’t a Mr. Smith here.3.用于数量、时间等名词前, 表示＂每一（单位）的……＂。
☞I earn 10 dollars an hour as a supermarket cashier on Saturdays.4. 在抽象名词、物质名词前(特别是这两种名词有定语修饰时)用不定冠词，使之意义具体化，表示＂一种＂、＂一件＂、＂一份＂等。
☞It is an honour for me to be invited to the party.我被邀请参加聚会是一种荣誉。
(honour是抽象名词，an honour指一件荣誉的事)5. 不定冠词用在序数词前不表示排序，而表示＂再一，又一＂。
☞She didn’t like the color of the two bags and asked for a third one.她不喜欢这两个包的颜色，又要了一个。
2017年高考英语二轮复习 核心考点总动员 专题01 冠词(含解析)
专题 01 冠词关键词：定冠词,不定冠词,零冠词,泛指,特指难度系数：✱✱✱✱推荐指数：✱✱✱✱✱【基础回顾】考点归纳：冠词的泛指和特指是冠词学习的难点之一，也是高考考查的焦点所在。
解题时考生要结合语境分析究竟设空处是表示“泛指”还是表示“特指”：1．表泛指(指一类人或事物中的任何一个，而不具体指哪一个)，用不定冠词；2．表特指(特指某人、某事、某物，指上文中提到的或正在谈论的人或物，或者是谈话双方都知道的人或事物)，用定冠词。
3. 抽象名词属于不可数名词，前面一般不用冠词；但用来表示具体的人或事时，其前用不定冠词。
4. 比较级和最高级前冠词的选择“a/an＋比较级”表示“(众多人或事物中)比……更……的一个”，属于泛指；“the ＋比较级”表示“两者中较……的一个”。
“the＋最高级”表示三者或三者以上的人或事物中“最……的一个”；“a most＋形容词”表示“很……，非常……”。
5. 冠词的固定搭配。
基础必读：(1)定冠词的常考必备：①定冠词the与指示代词this，that同源，有“这 / 那个”之意，但语气较弱，可以和名词连用，表示某个或某些特定的人或物。
②叙述上文提到过的特定的事物或上文未提到，但听话者一定知其所指。
③用于序数词、形容词的比较级、最高级以及形容词only，very，same之前。
④用于表示地球、宇宙中的独一无二的事物尤指各种天体或世界上比较有影响的物体名词前。
⑤用于表示具体的地点、方位，具体的时间或某天的一部分等。
⑥用于表示山川、河流、海洋、群岛、报纸、杂志、朝代的专有名词及由普通名词构成的专有名词之前等等。
(2) 不定冠词的常考必备：①表示数量“一”，与one相近。
②用在首次提到的人或物之前，表泛指。
③用在物质名词、抽象名词之前，表示“一阵，一场，一种……”，也可以表示引起某种情绪的事，即抽象名词具体化使用。
④用于be of a（an）+ n.结构中，表示“相同……的”。
高考英语二轮复习 第一部分 语法突破 专题一 名词和冠词课件
也做俯卧撑来保持身体健康。in place“在适当的位置，在正
确的位置，适当的，恰当的”；in order“整齐，秩序井
专题1 名词和冠词
[考情分析] 单项填空题对名词的考查主要包括名词的辨析、单复数、名 词的固定搭配、名词的格、名词在特殊语境中的应用、名词 的熟词生义以及名词与冠词搭配使用的情况等。冠词多考查 冠词的基本用法。掌握名词和冠词的用法显得尤为重要。
考点一 名词词义辨析
1．(2015·高考江苏卷，T35)—Go and say sorry to your
解析：考查语境选词。句意：一些学校将不得不做出调整， 以便和国家足球改革保持一致。judgment评价，看法； adjustment调整，适应；comment评论，议论；achievement 成就，成绩。既然要和国家足球改革保持一致(in agreement with the national soccer reform)，那么就应该做出调整 (make adjustments)，故选B项。
解析：考查语境选词。句意：减少________最有效的方式之
一就是与你信任的人聊聊感受。与信任的人聊感受可以减少
“压力(stress)”。production生产；energy能源，能量；
power权力，影响力，均与语境不符。
名词词义辨析主要考查考生对基本词汇的掌握程度和名词在 具体语境中的运用。常见考查形式有：异义词辨析、同义词 辨析和近义词根据语境选择符合句意的名词。 常考的几组名词辨析有： 1．cause，reason，excuse 2．award，reward，prize 3．sight，view，scene，scenery
2．(2016·浙江五校联考)Jack，to his________C，refused to get
2017届高考英语二轮专题复习名词与冠词讲义
名词与冠词【考纲解读】关于名词,高考主要考查:1.名词词义辨析和习惯搭配。
名词词义辨析包括同义词辨析、近义词辨析、同形词辨析和不同词义的名词在语境中的辨析。
另外,高考还考查容易混淆的名词的辨形、辨义以及名词的惯用法等。
这些问题主要出现在完形填空中。
2.名词的数(可数与不可数、单数与复数)、名词所有格、抽象名词的具体化、物质名词的量化、名词和冠词的搭配以及主谓一致等。
这些问题常出现在短文改错或语法填空中。
3.名词的“旧词新意”和“名词动化”现象,主要以隐形考查的方式出现在阅读理解和完形填空试题中。
冠词的考查几乎每年都会在新课标卷中出现,主要是在语境中考查考生对冠词的理解和运用。
考查要点主要包括:1.考查定冠词和不定冠词的基本用法。
2.考查定冠词和不定冠词的特殊用法,如抽象名词具体化前冠词的使用情况、比较级前冠词的使用情况。
3.考查冠词的泛指、特指、类指和专指用法。
4.考查零冠词的运用。
另外,还涉及很多冠词与名词的固定搭配。
【考点纵横】【考题导引】2．(2016·全国Ⅰ，69)The nursery team switches him every few _____(day) with his sister.4．(2016·全国Ⅱ，42)Hand le the most important tasks first so you’ll feel a real sense of ______(achieve)．5．(2016·全国Ⅱ，46)Recent______(study) show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks regularly.6. (2016·全国Ⅱ，48)Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outside for____while, exercising, or doing something you enjoy.7．(2016·全国Ⅱ，短文改错)In that case, we will learn little about world.____8．(2015·江苏，33)—Why didn't you invite John to your birthday party?—Well, you know he's ____ wet blanket.9．(2015·浙江，2)Jane's grandmother had wanted to write ____ children's book for many years, but one thing or another always got in ____ way.10．(2015·重庆，3)I just heard ____ bank where Dora works was robbed by ____ gunman wearing a mask.1．attraction [空格前有形容词和物主代词，因此要用其名词形式。
高考英语二轮复习专题一冠词和名词课件
数名词单数。
特别提醒:
如何选择a/an?
当紧跟冠词的名词或修饰词以
开头时,用不定冠词 ;
当紧跟冠词的名词或修饰词以
开头时,用不定冠词 。
【注意】1.拼写以
开头,发音却以
开头的单词,如:
hour,honest,honor,NBA等,其前要 。
2.拼写以
开头,发音却以
开头的单词,如: useful,
university,usual,unit,uniform,European等,其前要 。
1
Confucius was
extraordinary educator and philosopher,
and founded Confucianism. 解析 句意:孔子是一位杰出的教育家和哲学家,他创立了儒家学说。此
处表泛指,且extraordinary的发音以元音音素开头,故应用不定冠词an。
知as识a r2esul含t结有果 不定冠词的固as定a搭rul配e通常
as a whole总体上
as a matter of fact事实上
at a loss不知所措
in a hurry匆忙
in a word总之
in a sense在某种意义上
in a way在某种程度上
in a short while不久
in the distance在远处
in the face of面对
on the whole总的来说
at the same time同时
on the other hand另一方面
to tell(you) the truth说实话
for the time being 暂时
on the sp一点也不
近年高考英语二轮复习 第一部分 语法突破 专题1 名词、冠词和代词 第2讲 冠词 突破点2 冠词用于
（通用版）2017高考英语二轮复习第一部分语法突破专题1 名词、冠词和代词第2讲冠词突破点2 冠词用于固定搭配中对点巩固编辑整理：尊敬的读者朋友们：这里是精品文档编辑中心，本文档内容是由我和我的同事精心编辑整理后发布的，发布之前我们对文中内容进行仔细校对，但是难免会有疏漏的地方，但是任然希望（（通用版）2017高考英语二轮复习第一部分语法突破专题1 名词、冠词和代词第2讲冠词突破点2 冠词用于固定搭配中对点巩固）的内容能够给您的工作和学习带来便利。
同时也真诚的希望收到您的建议和反馈，这将是我们进步的源泉，前进的动力。
本文可编辑可修改，如果觉得对您有帮助请收藏以便随时查阅，最后祝您生活愉快业绩进步，以下为（通用版）2017高考英语二轮复习第一部分语法突破专题1 名词、冠词和代词第2讲冠词突破点2 冠词用于固定搭配中对点巩固的全部内容。
突破点2 冠词用于固定搭配中1．（2016·河南郑州高三质量预测）That’s just what happened one day in 1940. Four boys were taking 62.a walk in the woods near Montignac。
【解析】take a walk散步，固定短语。
2．(2016·河北衡水中学高三期末）The two features of life in England that possibly give visitors the worst impressions are the English weather and English cooking。
61.the former is a natural phenomenon and nobody can do anything about it.【解析】the former前者，固定搭配。
3．（2016·浙江卷）Every time he arrived home at end of the day, we'd greet him at the door。
高考英语二轮语法题型突破篇专题一语法填空题型一3词性转换(名词、形容词和副词)和比较等级
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7．(2015·福建卷)It was __c_o_n_s_id_e_r_a_te__(consider) of Michael to inform us of his delay in case we got worried.
第一部分 语法题型突破篇
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专题一 语法填空
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题型一 有提示词填空
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高考命题3 词性转换(名词、形容词和副词) 和比较等级
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高考热点重温
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热点1 形容词、副词的辨析及词形变化 1．(2018·江苏卷)Despite the poor service of the hotel，the manager is __r_e_l_u_ct_a_n_t___(reluctance) to invest in sufficient training for his staff. 解析：句意：尽管这家宾馆的服务质量很糟糕，但是宾馆经 理还是不愿意在给员工足够的培训方面投资。设空处作表语，根 据提示词可知本空填 reluctant。
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12．(2018·江苏卷)Try to understand what's actually happening instead of acting on the __a_ss_u_m__p_ti_o_n__(assume) you've made.
解析：句意：要努力去弄明白实际上正在发生的事，而不要 根据自己的假设就采取行动。根据语境和设空处前的定冠词 the 可知此处要用所给单词的名词形式。
高考英语二轮复习 第一部分 语法突破 专题1 名词、冠
to 19 were the most difficult time for me. • 【解析】 13至19岁那几年，year要用复数
形式。
• 【答案】 year→years
数名词”意为“每隔……”。every few days每隔几天。
• 2．(2016·全国卷Ⅱ)Recent 66. _s_t_u_d_i_e_s(study) show that we are far more
productive at work if we take short breaks… • 【解析】 谓语动词为show，故空格处应填study的复数形式studies。
• 4．集体名词的数 • 有些集体名词通常只用作复数，如：people，cattle，police； • 有些集体名词只用作单数，如：mankind，jewellery，machinery； • 有些集体名词既可用作单数又可用作复数，单数看作整体，复数看作集
体的各个成员，如： • The crew is large.船员人数很多(指整体)。 • The crew are all tired.船员们都累坏了(指个体)。
第1讲 名 词
栏目导航
突破点1 突破点2
突破点1 名词的数
典题在线
• 1．(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)The nursery team switches him every few 69d._a_y_s____
(day) with his sister so that while one is being bottle－fed… • 【解析】 由few修饰可数名词复数可知，此空填days。“every few＋复
2017年高考英语热点题型和提分秘籍专题01名词和冠词(含解析)
专题01 名词和冠词近几年高考单项填空中单独考查名词的题目相对较少，多与冠词一起进行考查，但完形填空中对名词的考查一直是重点，且考查范围较广。
其命题趋势仍将是：在不同语言环境中去识别词义，进行词义辨析，是高考考查的重点。
因此，考生不仅要弄清词义，而且也要把握好语言环境，在单项填空、完形填空中这类试题会继续出现。
建议考生在复习中注意名词的词义辨析。
冠词是历年高考英语试题中的常考点。
主要考查在理解冠词基本含义的基础上，在具体语境下的冠词的运用，主要包括定冠词和不定冠词的用法区别，名词前不用冠词的情况，特指与泛指以及习语中的冠词用法。
热点题型一名词的数例1、Games, often seen as________activity for children, are still important in________development of teenagers.A. the; theB. an; theC. an; 不填D. the; 不填【答案】B【提分秘籍】名词分为可数名词与不可数名词。
1．可数名词的复数(1)可数名词变复数一般都是直接加s；词尾若是s，x，ch，sh，在词尾加esdesk→desks；dish→dishes stomach的复数形式是stomachs(2)以”辅音字母＋y”结尾的词，要变y为i再加esstudy→studies(3)以f或fe结尾的名词，变f或fe为vesleaf→leaves(4)以字母o结尾的名词，多数加spiano→pianos(5)单、复数同形sheep；deer(6)单、复数都要加s的名词works(工厂)；means(方法)有一些例外情况：(1)巧记以o结尾加es的名词：黑人英雄吃西红柿和马铃薯。
(即Negro，hero，tomato和potato四个词)(2)巧记以f或fe结尾的名词在变复数时直接加s：海湾(gulf)里的首领(chief)只相信(belief)放在屋顶(roof)保险箱(safe)里的证据(proof)。
高三英语一轮复习 第2部分 语法专题突破名词和冠词
专题二名词和冠词一、名词[全国卷考情分析]题型典题试做命题解读语法填空1.(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)This trend，...，has had someunintended side effects(effect) such as overweightand heart disease－the very thing the medicalcommunity was trying to fight.2．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)This development was onlypossible with the introduction(introduce) ofelectricpowered engines and lifts.1.给出名词提示词，考查名词的数；2．给其他词性形式(通常为动词、形容词)提示词，填写名词；3．名词的固定搭配。
短文改错1.(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)The instructor kept repeatingthe word→words，“Speed up！” “Slow down！”【导学号：33220097】2．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)Besides，they often get someuseful informations→information from theInternet.1.可数名词单复数的错用；2．混淆名词的可数与不可数。
(对应学生用书第174页)名词的数Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．(2016·四川高考)Any smell might attract natural enemies(enemy) that would try to eat the little panda. 2．(2017·淄博二模)He lost all his keys(key) to the doors，so he had to get them opened by force.Ⅱ.单句改错Though we are now out of danger，the broken bridge is still great danger to car drivers.great前加a[再解读要点]名词按其词汇意义可分为专有名词和普通名词。
2017年高考一轮复习专题一名词、冠词和代词
专题一名词、冠词和代词名词：A卷全国卷语法填空/单句改错：1．(2016·全国Ⅰ，61)Chengdu has dozens of new millionaires, Asia’s biggest building, and fancy new hotels. But for tourists like me, pandas are its top________(attract)．2．(2016·全国Ⅰ，69)The nursery team switches him every few ________(day) with his sister. 3．(2016·全国Ⅰ，短文改错)My uncle tells me that the key to his success is honest.________. 4．(2016·全国Ⅱ)Handle the most important tasks first so you’ll feel a real sense of ________(achieve)．5. (2016·全国Ⅱ)Recent________(study) show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks regularly.6．(2016·全国Ⅲ)Visiting an apple event is a good chance to see, and often taste, a wide variety of ________(apple)．7．(2015·全国Ⅰ)I’d skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River that are pictured by artists in so many Chinese________(painting)．8．(2015·全国Ⅰ，短文改错)The airs we breathe in is getting dirtier and dirtier. Many rare animals are dying out.________9．(2014·全国Ⅰ，69)While there are amazing stories of instant transformation, for most of us the________(change)are gradual and require a lot of effort and work, like cleaning up a polluted river.10．(2014·全国Ⅰ，短文改错)Since then—for all these year—we have been allowing tomatoes to self seed where they please.________B卷地方卷1．(2016·北京，阅读C)Although these ________(measure) are not effective forever, they are vital for now.2．(2016·北京，阅读D)The college years are supposed to be a time for important ________(grow) in autonomy (自主性) and the development of adult identity.3．(2016·四川，阅读C)The ________(life) of these people have finally been recorded thanks tothe effects of a Frenchman from Paris called Gin.4．(2016·四川，短文改错)Mom has a full－time job, but she has to do most of the houseworks.________5．(2016·江苏，阅读C)The weather ________(effect) both good and bad, are felt in many places. 6．(2015·江苏)Some schools will have to make _______(adjust) in agreement with the national soccer reform.7．(2015·江苏，35)—Go and say sorry to your Mom, Dave.— I’d like to, but I’m afraid she won’t be happy with my ________(apologize)．8．(2015·浙江，15)One of the most effective ways to reduce ________(stressful) is to talk about feelings with someone you trust.9．(2015·湖北)When he was running after his brother, the boy lost his ________(balanced) and had a bad fall.10．(2015·安徽)There is no need to tell me your answer now. Give it some_______(think) and then let me know.冠词： A卷全国卷1．(2016·全国Ⅰ)In 1931，Addams became________ first American woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize.2．(2016·全国Ⅱ，48)Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outside for________while, exercising, or doing something you enjoy.3．(2016·全国Ⅱ，短文改错)In that case, we will learn little about world.________ 4．(2016·全国Ⅱ)A new collection of photos brings ________unsuccessful Antarctic voyage back to life.5．(2016·全国Ⅲ，阅读C)Apple Days are being held at all sorts of places with ________interest in fruit, including stately gardens and commercial orchards(果园)．6．(2015·全国Ⅰ，短文改错)Now I am living in a city, but I miss my home in countryside.________7．(2015·全国Ⅱ，短文改错)A woman saw him crying and told him to wait outside a shop.________8．(2014·全国Ⅰ，63)Now, years later, this river is one of________most outstanding examples of environmental cleanup.9．(2014·全国Ⅰ，短文改错)As result, the plants are growing everywhere.________ 10．(2014·全国Ⅱ，短文改错)There are all kinds of the flowers and trees around the classroom buildings.________B卷地方卷1．(2016·北京，完形)It was ________ cold January in 1925 in North Alaska.The town was cut off from the rest of the world due to heavy snow.2．(2016·四川，阅读B)They have a different kind of superpower that all of us possess: the power to make ________ difference in the lives of others.3．(2016·江苏，阅读C)El Ninõ，________Spanish term for “the Christ child”，was named by South American fisherman.4．(2016·浙江，2)________prize for the winner of the competition is ________two－week holiday in Paris.5．(2015·江苏，33)—Why didn’t you invite John to your birthday party?—Well, you know he’s ________ wet blanket.6．(2015·浙江，2)Jane’s grandmother had wanted to write ________ children’s book for many years, but one thing or another always got in ________ way.7．(2015·重庆，3)I just heard _______bank where Dora works was robbed by _______gunman wearing a mask.8．(2015·陕西，14)________ more learned a man is,________more modest he usually becomes. 9．(2015·四川，5)Brian is gifted in writing music; he is very likely to be ________ Beethoven. 10．(2014·陕西，19)________ village where I was born has grown into ________ town.代词：A卷全国卷1．(2016·全国Ⅰ，68)On my recent visit, I held a lively three－month－old twin that had been rejected by ________(it) mother.2．(2016·全国Ⅱ，短文改错)If we go on a trip abroad, we can broaden your view and gain knowledge we cannot get from books.________3．(2016·全国Ⅱ，短文改错)It does not cost many, yet we can still learn a lot.________4．(2016·全国Ⅲ，短文改错)At first, I thought I knew everything and could make decisions by yourself.________5．(2016·全国Ⅲ，阅读D)No news is good news, and good news is no news.________are the classic rules for the evening broadcasts and the morning papers. 6．(2015·全国Ⅰ，短文改错)We must find ways to protect your environment.________ 7．(2015·全国Ⅱ，短文改错)Five minutes later，Tony saw parents.________ 8．(2014·全国大纲，25)—Who’s that at the door?—________is the milkman.9．(2014·全国大纲，短文改错)Otherwise, it is impossible for him to help each other and to make their friendship last long.________B卷地方卷1.(2016·北京，阅读A)For the first time, I feel good about ________ (me) because I’m doing something, not because someone told me I was doing good. 2．(2016·四川，七选五)Both men and women are living longer these days in industrialized countries. However, women, on average, live longer.In general, ________can expect to live six or seven years more than men.3．(2016·四川，短文改错)When my father came back, I found a bunch of flowers in her hand.________4．(2016·浙江)In many ways , the education system in the US is not very different from________in the UK.5．(2015·浙江，12)How would you like ________ if you were watching your favorite TV program and someone came into the room and just shut it off without asking you? 6．(2015·陕西，13)To warm himself，the sailor sat in front of the fire rubbing one bare foot against the ________．7．(2015·福建，21)The research group produced two reports based on the survey, but ________ contained any useful suggestions.8．(2014·江西，32)—When shall I call，in the morning or afternoon?—________．I’ll be in all day.9．(2014·四川，1)She’d lived in London and Manchester，but she liked ________ and moved to Cambridge.10．(2014·山东)Susan made_______clear to me that she wished to make a new life .专题一参考答案：名词A卷：1.attraction2.days3.honest→honesty4.achievement5.studies6.apples,7.paintings8. airs→air9.changes 10.year→years,名词B卷：1.measures2.growth3. lives4.houseworks→housework5.effects6.adjustments7.apology/apologies8. stress9. balance 10. thought冠词A卷：1. the2. a3.about 后加the4. an5. an6.country 前加the7.第二个a→the 8. the 9.as后加a 10.去掉第一个the冠词B卷：1. a2. a3. a4.The, a5.a6.a,the7. the, a8.The, the9.a 10. The, a代词A卷：1.i ts2.your→our3.many→much4.yourself →myself5.Those/These/They6.your→our7.saw后加his8. It9.him→them代词B卷:1.myself2.they3. her→his4.that5.it6. other7.neither8.Either9.neither 10. it。
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突破点2 冠词用于固定搭配中
1．(2016·河南郑州高三质量预测)That's just what happened one day in 1940. Four boys were taking 62.a walk in the woods near Montignac.
【解析】take a walk散步，固定短语。
2．(2016·河北衡水中学高三期末)The two features of life in England that possibly give visitors the worst impressions are the English weather and English cooking.
61.the former is a natural phenomenon and nobody can do anything about it.
【解析】the former前者，固定搭配。
3．(2016·浙江卷)Every time he arrived home at end of the day, we'd greet him at the door.
【解析】at the end of在……末尾，固定短语。
【答案】在end前加the
4．(2016·湖北黄冈高三质检)I was walking to school this morning when I caught a sight of an old woman with a walking stick lying on the ground.
【解析】catch sight of看见，固定短语。
【答案】去掉a
5．(2017·福建福州外校高三适应性考试)What made matters worse was the fact that my classmates made a fun of me at times.
【解析】make fun of…取笑，固定搭配。
【答案】去掉a
1。