阅读理解解题技巧之词义猜测解题指导

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专题15-阅读之词义猜测题(原卷版)-备战2022年新高考英语一轮复习考点一遍过

考点15 阅读之词义猜测（原卷版）【命题趋势】词义猜测题型是高考中必考题型，每年考察1-2题。

所以词义猜测题型也是考生需要复习的考点。

词义猜测，即阅读中的完形填空。

可以通过前后句子中的关键词寻找相对应的词。

只要找到方法，拿下词义猜测轻而易举。

当然，着需要我们掌握足够的词汇量才能游刃有余！【重要考向】一、了解词义猜测题型的基本设题方式和基本提示词；二、掌握词义猜测解题技巧；考向一【2021年新高考全国卷Ⅰ阅读理解C篇】When the explorers first set foot upon the continent of North America, the skies and lands were alive with an astonishing variety of wildlife. Native Americans had taken care of these precious natural resources wisely. Unfortunately, it took the explorers and the settlers who followed only a few decades to decimate a large part of these resources. Millions of waterfowl ( 水禽) were killed at the hands of market hunters and a handful of overly ambitious sportsmen. Millions of acres of wetlands were dried to feed and house the ever-increasing populations, greatly reducing waterfowl habitat.29. What does the underlined word “decimate” mean in the first paragraph?A. Acquire.B. Export.C. Destroy.D. Distribute.了解词义猜测题型的基本设题方式(1) 代词类猜词题The underlined word "them" in Paragraph 2 refers to_______.The underlined word “it" in Para. 4 refers to _______.(2) 其他类猜测题What does the word X (in Paragraph X) mean?What does the underlined word X mean?What can we learn from the underlined sentence?The underlined word X probably means _______.考向二【2021年全国乙卷阅读理解C篇】Still, 55 percent of Australians have a landline phone at home and only just over a quarter （29%）rely only on their smartphones according to a survey （调查）. Of those Australians who still have a landline, a third concede that it’s not really necessary and they’re keeping it as a security blanket — 19 percent say they never use it while a further 13 percent keep it in case of emergencies. I think my home falls into that category.25. What does the underlined word “concede” in paragraph 3 mean?A. Admit.B. Argue.C. Remember.D. Remark.1. 代词类猜词题做题方法第一步：优先看划线句第二步：前指向性第三步：代词单复数线索2. 其他类猜词题做题方法根据构词法：通过转化、合成、词根词缀等词根词缀常见前缀：前缀作用：通常前缀一般改变单词的意义，不改变词性常见后缀：后缀作用：通常会改变单词的词性，构成意义相近的其他词性(3) 因果法—— 根据因果关系常见表示因果的词汇：because, for, as, since, for the reason that, considering that (4) 并列法—— 根据并列顺承关系常见的并列词：and, as well as, not only…but also…, together/along with, when/while (5) 转折法——根据转折关系常见表示转折的词汇：while, not, but, however, yet, otherwise, though, despite, in spite of , in contrast, instead of, rather than1.【2021年浙江卷1月阅读理解C篇】“The vagueness of the gesture meanings suggests either that the chimps have little to communicate, or we are still missing a lot of the information contained in their gestures and actions,” she said. “Moreover, the meanings seem to not go beyond what other animals convey with non-verbal communication. So, it seems the gulf remains.”29. What does the underlined word “gulf” in the last paragraph mean?A. Difference.B. Conflict.C. Balance.D. Connection.2.【2021年全国甲卷阅读理解C篇】Southbank, at an eastern bend in the Thames, is the center of British skateboarding, where the continuous crashing of skateboards left your head ringing .I loved it. I soon made friends with the local skaters. We spoke our own language. And my favorite: Safe. Safe meant cool. It meant hello. It meant don't worry about it. Once, when trying a certain trick on the beam（横杆）, I fell onto the stones, damaging a nerve in my hand, and Toby came over, helping me up: Safe, man. Safe. A few minutes later, when I landed the trick, my friends beat their boards loud, shouting: “Safe! Safe! Safe!” And that's what mattered—landing tricks, being a good skater.9. What do the underlined words “Safe! Safe! Safe!” probably mean?A. Be careful!B. Well done!C. No way!D. Don't worry!3.【2021年6月浙江卷阅读理解A篇】In the past few years, an increasing number of people and organisations have begun coming up with plans to counter this trend. A couple of years ago, film-maker David Bond realised that his children, then aged five and three, were attached to screens to the point where he was able to say "chocolate" into his three-year-old son's ear without getting a response. He realised that something needed to change, and, being a London media type, appointed himself"marketing director for Nature". He documented his journey as he set about treating nature as a brand to be marketed to young people. The result was Project Wild Thing, a film which charts the birth of the Wild Network a group of organisations with the common goal of getting children out into nature.26. Which of the following can replace the underlined word "charts" in paragraph 2A. recordsB. predictsC. delaysD. confirms4.【2021天津卷3月阅读理解B篇】The poignancy of Jordan retiring from his beloved basketball to play baseball and what had pushed him to make such a tough decision took me by surprise. As I watched him take off his basketball uniform and replace it with a baseball uniform, I saw him leaving behind the layer that no longer served him, just as our lizard had. Neither of them chose the moment that had transformed them. But they had to live with who they were after everything was different. Just like us. I realized that we have to learn to leave the past behind.43. The underlined part "leaving behind the layer" in Paragraph 8 can be understood as .A. letting go of the pastB. looking for a new jobC. getting rid of a bad habitD. giving up an opportunity5.【2020全国卷Ⅰ阅读理解B篇】While I tend to buy a lot of books, these three were given to me as gifts, which might add to the meaning I attach to them. But I imagine that, while money is indeed wonderful and necessary, rereading an author’s work is the highest currency a reader can pay them. The best books are the ones that open further as time passes. But remember, it’s you that has to grow and read and reread in order to better understand your friends.26. What does the underlined word ＂currency＂in paragraph 4 refer to?A. Debt.B. Reward.C. Allowance.D. Face value.6. 【2020全国卷Ⅱ阅读理解C篇】Nutria were brought there from Argentina by fur farmers and let go into the wild. “The ecosystem down there can’t handle this non-native species（物种）.It’s destroying the environment.It’s them or us." says Michael Massimi, an expert in this field.The fur trade kept nutria check for decades，but when the market for nutria collapsed in the late 1980s，the cat-sized animals multiplied like crazy.30. What does the underlined word “collapsed” in paragraph 5 probably mean?A. Boomed.B. Became mature.C. Remained stable.D. Crashed.7. 【2020全国卷Ⅱ阅读理解D篇】As I grew older and became a mother, the library took on a new place and an added meaning in my life. I had several children and books were our main source(来源) of entertainment. It was a big deal for us to load up and go to the local library, where my kids could pick out books to read or books they wanted me to read to them.33. What does the underlined phrase “an added meaning” in paragraph 3 refer to?A. Pleasure from working in the library.B. Joy of reading passed on in the family.C. Wonderment from acting out the stories.D. A closer bond developed with the readers.8. 【2020全国卷III阅读理解B篇】Yet "Apes" is more exception than the rule. In fact, Hollywood has been hot on live animals lately. One nonprofit organization, which monitors the treatment or animals in filmed entertainment, is keeping tabs on more than 2,000 productions this year. Already, a number of films, including "Water for Elephants," "The Hangover Part Ⅱ" and "Zookeeper," have drawn the anger of activists who say the creatures acting in them haven’t been treated properly.26. What does the underlined phrase "keeping tabs on" in paragraph 3 probably mean?A. Listing completely.B. Directing professionally.C. Promoting successfully.D. Watching carefully.9. 【2020全国新高考卷阅读理解C篇】His visit, however, ended up involving a lot more than that. Hence this book, Chasing the Sea: Lost Among the Ghosts of Empire in Central Asia, which talks about a road trip from Tashkent to Karakalpakstan, where millions of lives have been destroyed by the slow drying up of the sea. It is the story of an American travelling to a strange land, and of the people he meets on his way: Rustam, his translator, a lovely 24-year-old who picked up his colorful English in California, Oleg and Natasha, his hosts in Tashkent, and a string of foreign aid workers.9. What does the underlined word “that” in paragraph 2 refer to? （）A. Developing a serious mental disease.B. Taking a guided tour in Central Asia.C. Working as a volunteer in Uzbekistan.D. Writing an article about the Aral Sea.10. 【2020全国新高考卷阅读理解D篇】According to a recent study in the Journal of Consumer Research, both the size and consumption habits of our eating companions can influence our food intake. And contrary to existing research that says you should avoid eating with heavier people who order large portions（份）, it's the beanpoles with big appetites you really need to avoid.13. What does the underlined word "beanpoles" in paragraph 1 refer to? （）A. Big eaters.B. Overweight persons.C. Picky eaters.D. Tall thin persons.11.【2019全国卷Ⅰ阅读理解B篇】But he’s nervous.＂I’m here to tell you today why you should … should…＂Chris trips on the＂-ld,＂a pronunciation difficulty for many non-native English speakers. His teacher, Thomas Whaley, is next to him, whispering support.＂…Vo te for …me…＂Except for some stumbles, Chris is doing amazingly well. When he brings his speech to a nice conclusion, Whaley invites the rest of the class to praise him.25. What does the underlined word ＂stumbles＂in paragraph 2 refer to?A. Improper pauses.B. Bad manners.C. Spelling mistakes.D. Silly jokes.12.【2019全国卷Ⅱ阅读理解B篇】I guess that there's probably some demanding work schedule, or social anxiety around stepping up to help for an unknown sport. She may just need a little persuading. So I try again and tug at the heartstrings. I mention the single parent with four kids run ning the show and I talk about the dad coaching a team that his kids aren’t even on… At this point the unwilling parent speaks up, "Alright. Yes, I’ll do it."25. What does the underlined phrase "tug at the heartstrings" in paragraph 2 mean?A. Encourage team work.B. Appeal to feelings.C. Promote good deeds.D. Provide advice.13.【2019全国卷Ⅲ阅读理解B篇】"China is impossible to overlook," says Hill. "Chinese models are the faces of beauty and fashion campaigns that sell dreams to women all over the world, which means Chinese women are not just consumers of fashion —they are central to its movement. "Of course, only are today's top Western designers being influenced by China —some of the best designers of contemporary fashion are themselves Chinese." Vera Wang, Alexander Wang, Jason Wu are taking on Galiano, Albaz, Marc Jacobs-and beating them hands down in design and sales," adds Hill.26.What do the underlined words "taking on" in paragraph 4 mean?A. learning fromB. looking down onC. working withD. competing against14.【2019天津卷阅读理解D篇】The book turns out to be one that has appealed to the world for more than 350 years. That former prisoner was Cervantes, and the book was Don Quixote（《堂吉诃德》）. And the story poses an interesting question: why do some people discover new vitality and creativity to the end of their days, while others go to seed long before?We’ve all known people who run out of steam before they reach life’s halfway mark. I’m not talking about those who fail to get to the top. We can’t all get there. I’m talking about people who have stopped learning on growing because they have adopted the fixed attitudes and opinions that all too often come with passing years.52. What does the underlined part in Paragraph 3 probably mean?A. End one’s struggle for liberty.B. Waste one’s energy taking risks.C. Miss the opportunity to succeed.D. Lose the interest to continue learning.1.【广东省广州市2021届高三一模】Nearly two hundred years later, Leeuwenhoek's discovery of microbes helped French chemist and biologist Louis Pasteur to develop his “theory of disease”. This concept suggested that disease originates from tiny organisms attacking and weakening the body. Pasteur’s theory later helped doctors to fight infectious diseases including anthrax, diphtheria, polio, smallpox, tetanus, and typhoid. All these breakthroughs were the result of Leeuwenhoek's original work. Leeuwenhoek did not foresee this legacy.5．The underlined phrase “this legacy” in paragraph 3 refers to_______.A．the discovery of microbes.B．Pasteur's theory of disease.C．Leeuwenhoek's contribution.D．the origin of the tiny organism.2.【广东省深圳市2021届高三调研】By the time I arrived, the sailing club had grown. At weekends, we would work on her all day, cleaning and painting her, and collapse into sleeping bags on the floor at night. Then came the big day when a school sailing trip was announced. Its destination was Saint-Malo. But it also meant that we had to refit the ship by removing every piece of ballast(压舱物)and replacing the bilge water(底舱污水)before we were allowed to sail.And I did learn the ropes on that school trip. I learned how to operate a ship in the high waves. I learned the meaning of teamwork and became a better team player. I also learned that the best fish is the one that you have caught and cooked yourself from a boat that you have rebuilt and sailed yourself.7．What does the underlined phrase “learn the ropes” in paragraph 4 mean?A．Learn to cook.B．Master useful skills.C．Ensure sailing safety.D．Use ropes properly.3.【广东湛江一中2021届高三模拟】On achieving success:“When you make a choice and say, ‘Come hell or high water, I am going to be this,’ then you should not be surprised when you are that. It should not be something that is intoxicating or out of character because you have seen this moment for so long that ... when that moment comes, of course it is here because it has been here the whole time, because it has been [in your mind] the whole time.”On failure:“I don’t mean to sound cavalier when I say that, but never. It’s basketball. I’ve practiced and practiced and played so many times. There’s nothing truly to be afraid of, when you think about it ... Because I’ve failed before, and I woke up the next morning, and I’m OK. People say bad things about you in the paper on Monday, and then on Wednesday, you're the greatest thing since sliced bread. I’ve seen that cycle, so why would I be nervous about it happening?”5．The word “cavalier” in the 3rd paragraph probably means __________.A．not serious or caring B．anxious and eagerC．worried and pessimistic D．not proud or arrogant4.【河北省石家庄市2021届高三质检】“This must be a simply vast wardrobe!” thought Lucy, going still further in. Then she noticed that there was something crunching under her feet. “Is that more mothball?” she thought, stooping down to feel it with her hand. But instead of feeling the hard, smooth wood, she felt something soft and powdery and extremely cold. “This is very queer,” she said, and went on a step or two further.7．What does the underlined word “queer” mean?A．Terrifying.B．Empty.C．Strange.D．Impressive.5.【湖南师范大学附中2021届高三模拟】In two-and-a-half years, the pair still have to replenish their incomes with some writing and editing, but the business is growing and within five years they hope to be helping fund half a dozen research projects. It is a big task. “Some days we think it would be great to turn it off,” MacCallum says, “but when we see the wonder on the face of a person who is experiencing somewhere like the Galapagos for the first time, we know we are living a wonderful life.”7．The underlined word “replenish" in Paragraph 4 means _________.A．consume B．supply C．reduce D．control6.【重庆市第八中学2021届高三二诊】Professor Sabbatucci received hundreds of calls from people hoping to trick him into handing them the cash. But there was one voice he recognized and he arranged to meet the man in a park. The robber, a 35-year-old unemployed father of two, gave back the suitcase and burst into tears. He could not believe what was happening. “Why didn’t you keep the money?” he asked. The professor replied, “I couldn’t because it’s not mine.” Then he walked off, spurning the thief’s offer of a reward.27．The underlined word “spurning” in the last sentence can be replaced by ________.A．accepting B．claimingC．rejecting D．cancelling7.【河北省张家口市2021届高三期末】In 1985. C'harlie Burrell inherited （继承）a piece of land in West Sussex, England, which is 3.500 acres. It had been in his family for more than 200 years. As it was a failing farm, he and his wife. Isabella Tree, were all set to run a traditional farm, but soon realized the costs far outweighed the profits. The land wasn't suitable for growing crops anymore.So. in 2001, the couple decided to try something else — an experiment in “rewilding”，or restoring environments to their natural state. They reintroduced native species, including Tamworth pigs, Exmoor ponies, longhorn cattle, and deer. Then they took out all the fences and let the animals wander freely.In the following years, the land went through an incredible change. The once neat fields were covered with bushes, creating habitats where new plant and animal species could grow.Now it's home to many different creatures, including two rare species of bats, nightingales, peregrine falcons, white storks, and even turtle doves, whose numbers have dropped by 98 percent in the U. K. over the last few decades!“We were living in a biological desert. Now, ecologists are blown away all the time by just the amount of life here," Isabella said. "It shows the potential that this kind of project has for changing trends of biodiversity decline.What's more, the land is now profitable! Charlie and Isabella offer multiple services there, including walking tours, safaris, photography classes, and rewilding workshops. They also sell meat to control their large animal populations, and even allow visitors to spend a night outside in the tents they set up.What a promising outcome! This is amazing news for conservationists and shows that our planet can be returned to its natural glory, if only we let it. Now, it's a beautiful reminder of how ecosystems can be restored by letting Mother Nature take the control.8.【河北省张家口市第一中学2021届高三期中】The end of the school year was in sight and spirits were high. I was back teaching after an absence of 15 years, dealing with the various kinds of "forbidden fruit" that come out of book bags. Now was the spring of the water pistol.I decided to think up a method of dealing with forbidden fruit."Please bring that pistol to me," I said. "I'm going to put it in my Grandma's Box.""What's that?" they asked."It's a large wooden chest full of toys for my grandchildren," I replied,"You don't have grandchildren," someone said."I don't now." I replied. "But someday I will. When I do, my box will be full of wonderful things for them."My imaginary Grandma's Box worked like magic that spring, and later. Sometimes. students would ask me to describe all the things I had in it. Then I would try to remember the different possessions I supposedly had taken away—since I seldom actually kept them. Usually the offender would appear at the end of the day, and I would return the belonging.25．What do the underlined words "the offender" in paragraph 8 refer to?A．The student's parent.B．The maker of the Grandma's Box.C．The author's grandchild.D．The owner of the forbidden fruit.9.【2020届8月贵州省贵阳市普通高中高三摸底】As it turned out, it not only shocked the US actress, but also brought criticism from those who believed Fanning was too young compared to other veterans in the industry. But Fanning’s acting experience was in fact a good argument for her jury membership. In fact, Fanning has been a Hollywood fixture for longer than you realize.4. What does the underlined word “veterans” probably mean?A. shocked actressesB. green hands C experienced people D. music producers10.【湖北省华中师范大学第一附属中学2021届高三期中】It’s been less than a month since Arnold, a Texas high school student, was forbidden from going to the prom and graduation unless he cut his locs. As his story spread on social media, celebrities and activists came to Arnold’s defence and encouraged him to stand up to his school’s hair discrimination. Now, in a significant turn of events, he’s proudly wearing his own hair-style at the 2020 Oscars.Arnold and his mother were invited to attend as the guests of director Matthew A．Cherry, who won the award for Best Animated Short Film for Hair Love tonight. Fittingly, the short film tells the story of a Black father learning to style his daughter’s natural hair.Arnold told us he couldn’t wait to walk the red carpet with the Hair Love team. “I’m so grateful. I never expected any of this,” Arnold says. “The message of that movie and my message go together so well. I think it’s really amazing how they reached out to me and how we can fight this together.”5．What does the underlined word “this” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?A．Violence.B．Discrimination.C．Panic.D．Starvation.11.【湖南省郴州市2021届高三第二次质量检测】While studying, I began exploring Mexico, crossing the country several times by bus. Now I work as a photojournalist in Mexico and along the border, documenting desperate situations that face everyday Mexicans. Though necessary and important, news stories don’t reflect the Mexico that I fell for and that is home to so many people I love. A task focused on the country’s natural beauty was a welcome reprieve for me.9．What can best replace the underlined word “reprieve” in Paragraph 2?A．Memory.B．Idea.C．Victory.D．Relief.12.【湖南省湖南师大附中2021届高三月考三】Clark, a rising fifth-grader who is Filipino-American, told HuffPost he's been dreaming about breaking Phelps' record ever since he started swimming competitively at age 7."I was so motivated,"Clark said about his win."I was so happy that I was able to beat that record.”Phelps competed in his first Olympics at age 15. He went on to become the most decorated Olympian in history, with 28 medals overall. “Everyone in the crowd was excited when they realized what a special swim they had just seen when we announced the long-standing record had been broken,"Cindy Rowland,Pacific Swimming's director, wrote in an email.5．Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word“decorated”in Paragraph 4?A．Being popular.B．Being respected.C．Being talked about most.D．Being awarded medals.13.【辽宁省沈阳市郊联体2021届高三期末】The artists of Creative Growth will be on view throughout the month of August, coupled with musical performances and film screenings organized by L.A．Takedown. All proceeds from the month will benefit the artists and space. The money will be used to improve the condition of the studio and for the development of the artists. “L.A．doesn’t really have a place like Creative Growth,” Olson said, discussing his hopes for the show.14．What does the underlined word “proceeds” in the last paragraph mean?A．Activities.B．WorkC．Profits D．Arrangement14.【辽宁省沈阳市郊联体2021届高三期末】“I tested it at home and just couldn’t believe the result. I sprayed it in Sienna’ s room first and the floor was immediately silenced,” said Lanzarotti. “Eight months later, it was still silent. It felt like a huge relief. When Tracy saw the difference for the first time, her face just lit up. You can treat a couple of rooms in an hour.” he added. “It’ s a no-brainer for any parents with noisy floors, and it’ll be life-changing.”7．What do the underlined word “a no-brainer” in the last paragraph mean?A．A difficult decision.B．An unusual effort.C．A real headache.D．An easy job.15.【湖北省黄冈市2021届高三调研】I might be letting my young son watch too much television. I am certainly watching too many of his programs. They can really be perplexing as they force you to think carefully about the mysteries of life.For example, when Franklin (the turtle) wanted a pet, his parents didn’t want it to be a frog. They felt that frogs belong in a pond. Isn’t that where turtles belong?4．What does the underlined word “perplexing” in paragraph 1 probably mean?A．Boring.B．Humorous.C．Confusing.D．Curious.。

高中英语阅读理解技巧之词义猜测题

According to the short passage，the word“robust”，probably means________. A. strange B．weak
√C. Strong D. interesting
What skills have we learnt?
1.通过对比和比较找出反义词，近义词来猜测词义（synonym，antonym）
脆的
4.定义法
解题技巧四：
根据定义（definition）来猜测词义
常用提示词：that is，be defined as, be known as , be called, mean 等.
skill4
1.) The young man was bashful that he did not dare to speak to the pretty girl.
英语阅读理解技巧之词义猜测题
（word-guessing）
Lead-in(导入)
词义猜测题常用的提问方式有：
1）The underlined word / phrase in the passage means ____．
2）The word "it / them"in the first paragraph refers to ____．
2.根据因果关系猜测词义（cause and effect）
3.根据定义来猜测词义（definition）
4.根据构词法：前缀、后缀来猜测词义
5.根据列举的事例来猜测词义（example）
6.通过上下文语境来猜测词义（context）
1. When Andrea Peterson did her first teaching job, she faced the daunting task of creating a music program with almost no money for equipment or supplies .

初中英语阅读理解中的词义猜测技巧

初中英语阅读理解中的词义猜测技巧在初中英语学习中，阅读理解是一个重要的部分，而词义猜测则是阅读理解中的一项关键技能。

当我们遇到不熟悉的单词或短语时，如果能够准确地猜测出它们的意思，将有助于我们更好地理解整篇文章。

下面，我将为大家介绍一些在初中英语阅读理解中实用的词义猜测技巧。

一、通过上下文语境猜测词义上下文语境是猜测词义最常用也是最有效的方法之一。

我们可以通过阅读单词或短语所在的句子以及前后的句子，来获取相关的线索。

例如，如果一个句子中提到“John was so hungry that he devoured the entire pizza in minutes” 在这里，我们不认识“devoured”这个词，但通过前面提到“John 很饿”以及后面“整个披萨在几分钟内”，可以猜测“devoured”是“狼吞虎咽地吃”的意思。

再比如，“The weather was extremely hot, and people sought refuge in the shade” 从“天气非常热”以及“在阴凉处”，可以推断出“sought refuge”大概是“寻找庇护、躲避”的意思。

二、利用定义、解释或同位语猜测词义有些文章会直接对生词进行定义、解释或者通过同位语来帮助读者理解词义。

比如，“A thermometer is an instrument used to measure temperature” 很明显，通过“is an instrument used to measure temperature”（是一种用来测量温度的仪器），我们能明白“thermometer”是“温度计”的意思。

又或者，“My sister, Mary, who is a doctor, always works very hard” 这里“who is a doctor”就是对“Mary”的同位语解释，让我们知道 Mary 的职业是医生。

中考英语阅读理解猜词题解题技巧

中考英语阅读理解猜词题解题技巧一、了解猜词题的基本要求猜词题是中考英语阅读理解题中常见的一种题型，通常要求考生根据上下文和语墅提示来猜测词语的意思。

考生在解答猜词题时，需要具备一定的词汇量和语境分析能力，同时还需要掌握一些解题技巧，才能更好地完成这类题目。

二、掌握常见的猜词技巧1. 根据上下文猜测词义猜词题通常会提供一段上下文，考生需要根据上下文的逻辑关系和语墅提示来猜测词语的意思。

在猜测词义时，可以通过理解段落主题、分析句子结构、推断逻辑关系等方法来获取线索，进而推测词语的含义。

在以下句子中：“He is a very diligent student and always finishes his homework on time.”我们可以通过上下文来猜测diligent的意思，因为上文提到他是一个“非常勤奋的学生”，所以diligent的意思可能是勤奋的、努力的。

2. 利用语境提示进行词义推断除了根据上下文猜测词义外，还可以利用语境提示进行词义推断。

比如一些词语的前后文会提供一些提示性的词语，这些提示性词语往往可以帮助我们推测目标词语的意思。

在以下句子中：“W hen the teacher asked a difficult question, the students looked puzzled.”我们可以通过后面的“looked puzzled”来推测difficult的意思，因为学生们显然是对这个问题感到困惑。

3. 掌握常见词义辨析技巧在解答猜词题时，有些词语的词义可能会让考生感到困惑，这时就需要掌握一些词义辨析技巧。

比如通过对比近义词或反义词的意思，来推测目标词语的含义。

在以下句子中：“The music was so loud that it was almost deafening.”我们可以通过对比loud和deafening的意思，来推测deafening的含义，因为loud表示“大声的”，而deafening应该表示“震耳欲聋的”。

高考英语阅读理解解题指导：破解猜测词义题

高考英语阅读理解解题指导：破解猜测词义题猜测词义是英语阅读理解的重要考点之一，近几年高考试题中都会有一个小题考查词义猜测。

词义猜测题可以针对单词、短语的意思进行命题考查，还可以针对某一句子的准确理解或代词的精确指代进行设题。

除了直接考查单词或短语词义猜测外，在阅读理解文章中，总会有一些单词或短语超出了新课标词汇表的范围，但又没有附加注释，而需要考生猜测，这也是对词义猜测的一种间接考查。

1.利用释义法解题在说明文尤其是科技类说明文中，作者通常会对一些关键词或专业术语进行解释。

常见的有对该词下定义或后跟同位语、定语从句、冒号、破折号、括号等引出解释说明部分。

通过阅读定义或解释部分，读者便可理解该词或短语的意思。

【考例1】（2022年全国乙卷，C篇）29. What does “maintenance” underlined in paragraph 3 refer to?A. Personnel safety.B. Assistance from drones.C. inspection and repair.D. Construction of infrastructure.解析：原文：That includes huge savings in maintenance costs and better protection of railway personnel safety. It is calculated that European railways alone spend approximately 20 billion euros a year on maintenance, including sending maintenance staff, often at night, to inspect and repair the rail infrastructure. That can be dangerous work that could be avoided with drones assisting the crews’ efforts.“including sending maintenance staff, often at night, to inspect and repair the rail infrastructure”对“maintenance”进行了解释，故推测maintenance是“维护，保养”的意思，C项inspection and repair与句中的inspect and repair对应。

高考阅读理解词义猜测题解题指导

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例析阅读理解题中词义猜测题的解答技巧

正确理解文中单词或短语的含义是理解文章的第一步，也是理解文章的基础。

但英语单词、短语的含义并非完全等同于词典中所标注的汉语意思，其含义随不同语境会有所不同。

我们能根据上下文理解灵活变化的词义，才算是真正初步具备了一定的阅读理解能力。

在高考阅读理解题中，词义猜测题通常有以下三种情况：①推测划线单词或短语的含义；②推测划线代词的指代含义；③推测划线句子的含义。

近三年全国高考细节理解题题量统计卷名年份新高考I卷全国卷I（乙卷）全国卷II（甲卷）全国卷III 202021112021111120221122技巧一：对于推测划线单词或短语的含义的题目，可以依据定义、同位语、文章中的例子、对比关系或比较关系、构词法、并列结构、因果关系等来解题。

【典题例析1】(苏州市2022学年第二学期学业质量阳光指标调研卷)For Amazon and Netflix，adding games to their platforms could attract more subscribers. Or at the very least dissuade existing ones from leav-ing.After a jump caused by pandemic in users，Netflix dropped430,000subscribers in the second quarter but regained some of these in the third flix has said in the past that in the“attention economy”，it com-petes against video games just as much as video stream-ing services.What does the underlined word“dissuade”in Para-graph3mean?A.Forbid.B.Discourage.C.Release.D.Protect.【解析】答案B。

阅读理解4大题型解题技巧和5个解题步骤

阅读理解四大类题型解题技巧不论是中考还是高考，阅读理解始终是占分最大的一类题型。

而阅读理解主要考察的目标是阅读速度和对文章理解的正确率。

在英语的阅读理解题中，主要考察的有4大类题型：主旨大意型；事实细节型；推理判断型；词义猜测型。

在开始对这四大类题型进行解题复习前，大家首先要注意以下几个问题：1、正确处理好复杂句式、生词和选项的关系与题目无关，不影响理解文章大意的，就不必浪费时间和精力。

相反，那些和题目相关的长难句，我们就要首先分析其类型(是带有较多成分的简单句，还是含有多个简单句的并列句，还是含有多个从句的复合句，还是含有多个插入成分)，理清句子成分，去除干扰成分，抓住句子主干！对待生词也应该采取同样的方法，首先看看生词是否与题目、文章的大意有关，如果是题目要求所必需的，我们就要弄清楚生词所处的语境，以及和下文的联系，推测生词含义，否则就忽略它！2、所选有据，忠实原文，避免主观必须以作者的思维模式为准绳，以原文提供的事实、细节和逻辑关系为基点，切忌自以为是。

同时，很多时候，我们要选出的是最佳选项，而不是符合原文的正确选项。

因此我们必须通盘考虑，取主要，舍枝节。

（1）阅读题干，明确问题------减少盲目性。

（2）快速掌握大意，不在细节上纠缠。

（3）可在文中相应处作出标记，以便进一步了解并最终确定答案。

（4）带着问题略读原文，确定答案。

3、知己知彼，减少失误有时四个选项中总有一个极易误选，因此，了解干扰项的特点，可大大减少失误。

干扰项可分为以下三种：1．与原文矛盾。

2．无中生有。

即选项与文章内容不矛盾，但在文中没有相关信息支持，没有根据。

这类选项的干扰较大。

在做此类题时，切忌把自己或他人观点作为选择依据。

3．答非所问。

在做此类题时，不仅要判断选项内容的正确性，还应注意选项是否针对题目。

一、主旨大意题要求在理解全文的基础上对全文进行高度概括或总结。

题干：Main idea, topic, title, purpose, aim, means to解题思路：1、寻找主题句，从而抓住全段中心思想，常见位置是段首句或第二句，但也可能在段尾或段中。

阅读理解中的语境推测与词义猜测技巧

阅读理解中的语境推测与词义猜测技巧阅读理解是我们在学习和生活中都常常会遇到的一项重要技能。

通过阅读，我们可以获取到各种各样的信息，并且对所读内容进行理解和分析。

在阅读理解过程中，语境推测和词义猜测是两个非常关键的技巧。

本文将深入探讨阅读理解中的语境推测和词义猜测技巧。

一、语境推测技巧1. 上下文线索：在阅读中，我们可以根据上下文中的其他词语和句子来推测某个词的意思。

比如，如果我们遇到一个生词，但是在前后文中出现了一些与该生词相关的词语，我们可以根据这些线索来推测其意思。

2. 逻辑推理：通过推理上下文中的逻辑关系，我们可以推测出某个词的含义。

例如，如果在文章中提到某个人是“医生”，而后面又描述了他在医院里工作，那么我们就可以推测出“医生”的含义是指一个在医院从事医疗工作的人。

3. 词形变化：有时，一个词的词形变化也可以给我们一些线索。

比如，一个名词的形容词形式通常可以告诉我们它的意思。

例如，“dangerous”是“danger”的形容词形式，我们可以通过这个变化来判断“danger”的含义是“危险”。

4. 修饰语和限定语：在阅读中，修饰语和限定语经常提供了对某个词义的进一步解释和说明。

通过仔细分析修饰语和限定语，我们可以更好地理解所读内容。

比如，“a tall man”中的“tall”就是一个修饰语，通过它我们可以推测出“man”的身高较高。

二、词义猜测技巧1. 词根和词缀：通过了解一些常见的词根和词缀，我们可以对词义进行猜测。

例如，“un-”表示“否定”或“相反”，“-able”表示“能够”，我们可以通过这些前缀和后缀来判断一个词的含义。

2. 词语关联：有时，我们可以将词与其前后文中的其他词语进行关联，从而猜测出它的意思。

比如，如果一个句子中提到“the king's palace”，我们可以通过词语“king”和“palace”的关联来猜测“palace”的含义是“宫殿”。

3. 上下文语境：阅读中的上下文给出了非常重要的线索，我们可以通过上下文中的其他词语和句子来推测出一个词的意思。

词义猜测题解题技巧

词义猜测题解题技巧词义猜测题是中考英语阅读理解题中必考题之一，主要考查同学们语篇分析、逻辑推理等综合能力。

解题时，同学们要注意把握技巧，根据上下文逻辑关系、标点符号、构词规则等，准确猜测生词词义。

一、词义猜测类题目常见的设问方式：1.The word"..."refers to/probably means_____.2.The underlined word "..." could best be replaced by_.3.What does the expression"..."stand for?4.By saying"..."we mean____.5."..."as used in the passage can best be defined as___——·6.Which of the following words can take the place of the word"..."?二、词义猜测题是指利用语境（上下文）推测、判断某些生词词义的题。

在近几年的高考阅读试题中词义猜测题的考查力度逐步加大。

词义猜测是一项阅读技巧，主要考查考生根据上下文推断单词意思的能力。

因此，所考单词的意义通常超出大纲范围——超纲词义含义推断、熟词生义或熟词在特定语境中的意思。

词义猜测题常考查对句中关键性词语（实词、短语、指代关系等）的理解。

三、【解题流程】“一原则”、“二关注”速解词义猜测题一原则结合上下文词义猜测题所提问的单词、词组或句子一般都是考生不认识的，即使认识，正确答案也未必是熟悉的含义。

这种题目目的就是希望考生能结合上下文，来理解不认识的单词、词组或句子。

二关注关注并列转折部分这是做词义猜测题的一大利器。

因为由并列转折连接的两部分会存在语义含义和成分的对应。

高考英语专题阅读理解之词义猜测题解题技法学生版

高考英语专题阅读理解之词义猜测题解题技法学生版阅读理解之词义猜测题解题技法一．设问方式By saying that “...” in the first (second ...) paragraph, the author means that ________.In Paragraph ..., “...” can be replaced by“______”．The meaning of “...” in Paragraph ... is related to ________.Which of the following has the closest meaning to ... (Paragraph ...)？As is used in Line ..., the word “...” refers to ________.The underlined sentence in the ... paragraph probably means that ________.二．词义猜测题7大猜词技巧要做好词义猜测题，考生除了必须熟练掌握《考试大纲》规定的词汇外，在平时的训练中还要注意积累生词和短语，掌握构词法的基本知识，对于各种前、后缀的变化形式了然于心，还要学会根据上下文语境进行合理推测，掌握一定的解题技巧。

1.根据定义或上下文解释进行猜测有时短文中出现一个需要猜测其意义的词或短语，下面接着出现其定义或解释。

标点符号，如逗号后的解释(名词同位语)、破折号后的解释、括号内的解释等。

这都是判断该词或短语意义的主要依据。

例如：①Annealing is a way of making metal softer by heating it and then letting it cool very slowly.句子给予了annealing一个明确的定义，即“退火”。

②It will be very hard but also very brittle — that is, it will break easily.从that is(也就是说)后的解释中我们可以了解到，brittle是“脆的”意思。

初三英语阅读理解技巧词义猜测题的解题技巧

初三英语阅读理解技巧词义猜测题的解题技巧初三英语阅读理解技巧：词义猜测题的解题技巧在初三英语的学习中，阅读理解是一个重要的部分，而词义猜测题则是阅读理解中的常见题型。

对于很多同学来说，这类题目可能具有一定的挑战性，但只要掌握了正确的解题技巧，就能轻松应对。

接下来，我将为大家详细介绍初三英语阅读理解中词义猜测题的解题技巧。

一、通过上下文语境猜测词义上下文语境是猜测词义最常用也是最有效的方法之一。

在阅读过程中，我们可以通过前后的句子、段落来推断生词的含义。

例如，如果生词前后出现了解释说明的语句，那么这些语句往往能帮助我们理解词义。

比如：“The term ‘ecosystem’ refers to a communityof living organisms and their environment ”在这个句子中，“refers to”后面的内容就是对“ecosystem”这个词的解释，即“生态系统是指生物群落及其环境”，从而我们可以理解“ecosystem”的意思。

再比如，有时候上下文会通过对比、类比的方式来暗示生词的词义。

如果文中提到“A is different from B B is known as a kind of vehicle, whileA is a tool used for writing ”那么我们就可以推测出 A 可能是某种书写工具。

此外，上下文的逻辑关系也能为词义猜测提供线索。

比如因果关系、转折关系等。

如果文中说“Although he was very tired, he still insisted on working ”通过“although”所表示的转折关系，我们可以猜测“insisted on”可能有“坚持”的意思。

二、利用构词法猜测词义英语中有很多单词是通过构词法构成的，了解常见的构词法可以帮助我们猜测词义。

前缀和后缀是常见的构词元素。

比如“un”“dis”“in”等前缀通常表示否定；“ful”“less”“able”“ous”等后缀可以改变单词的词性和意思。

阅读理解中的词义猜测技巧及练习

阅读理解中的词义猜测技巧及练习阅读理解是学习过程中必不可少的一项技能，而在阅读理解过程中，词义猜测是非常重要的一环。

通过正确猜测词义，我们能更好地理解文章内容，提高阅读效果。

本文将介绍一些词义猜测的技巧，并提供一些练习。

一、从上下文推测词义在阅读理解中，我们可以通过上下文的线索来推测生词的词义。

上文或下文中的其他单词、短语、句子可以提供关于生词意义的信息。

例如：1. 同义词法推测：当遇到一个生词时，我们可以寻找上下文中是否有与其意思相近的词，从而推测出生词的意义。

比如，当我们遇到"tiny"这个生词，而在上文中提到了"small"这个词，我们可以推测出"tiny"的意思是非常小的。

2. 反义词法推测：有时，我们可以通过寻找上下文中的反义词来推测生词的意义。

例如，当遇到"happy"这个生词时，在上文中提到了"unhappy"，我们可以推测"happy"的意思是快乐的。

3. 举例法推测：在阅读理解中，有时会出现对生词进行解释的例子。

例如，当遇到一个生词"pessimistic"时，下文中提到了"always seeing the negative side"，我们可以推测出"pessimistic"的意思是看问题时总是看到负面的。

二、根据词缀推测词义词缀是词根的前缀或后缀，可以给出单词的一些含义线索。

通过熟悉常见的词缀，我们可以在阅读理解中更准确地猜测生词的意义。

例如：1. 前缀推测：当遇到以"un-"作为前缀的生词时，我们可以推测出它们有否定的意思。

比如，"unclear"的意思是不清楚的，"unhappy"的意思是不快乐的。

2. 后缀推测：当遇到以"-ful"作为后缀的生词时，可以推测出它们表示充满某种特性或具有某种特性。

词义猜测题解题技巧

高一英语培优材料词义猜测题的解题技巧这类题包括词义猜测和句意猜测两类；词义又包括单词和短语意义。

近几年的高考阅读理解题中一般有2至3个小题是直接考查词句意义猜测的。

对词义考查主要有对生词词义的推测和对熟词生义的推测或是在特定场合下对词或句子的理解。

这里着重谈一谈如何猜测词的意思。

1、根据转折关系根据上下句之间表示转折或对比关系的连接词，如but, however, otherwise, though等就可以看到前后句在意义上的差别，从而依据某一句的含义，来确定另一词的含义。

另外，分号也可以表示转折，对比或不相干的意义。

如：例1：Any fool can make soap, but it takes a genius to sell it. （广东卷）What does genius mean? _____________________例2：A child’s birthday party doesn’t have to be a hassle; it can be a basket of fun, according to Beth Anaclerio, an Evaston mother of two, ages 4 and 18 months. (全国卷)·What does the underlined word “hassle” probably mean?A. A party designed by specialistsB. A plan requiring careful thoughtC. A situation causing difficulty or troubleD. A demand made by guests2、根据对比关系表示对比关系的标志词有：unlike, not, while, on the other hand, in spite of, in contrast等。

2022年中考复习阅读解题技巧分析：词义猜测类

阅读理解题型专讲专练之三：【词义猜测题】常见的解题方法：（一）上下文线索猜测词义任何一篇文章中的句子在内容上都不是绝对孤立的，都跟句子所在的段落及整篇文章有关。

利用上下文提供的情景和线索，进行合乎逻辑的综合分析而推测词义，是阅读过程中的一大关键，也是高考的热点。

如：If he thinks he can invite me out, he is all wet. I don’t like to be with him.A. drunkB. sweatingC. happyD. mistaken（1）The climate of the west coast is the most moderate ( )in Canada, summers are cool and fairly dry and winters are mild, cloudy and wet. Even in mid-winter, the temperature is usually above freezing.（2）All the houses in the city collapsed ( ) during the earthquake.（3）For people who live within a stone’s throw ( ) from the office to be late to work is unforgivable（4）The conflagration( ) was so fierce that with just a few second one could see towering flames where the house had stood and the smoke which filled the sky could be seen for miles and miles.（二）根据定义或解释猜测词义阅读文章中的有些生词尤其是新闻报导及科普类文章中的生词，往往在其后有对该词进行解释说明性的短语或句子，如to be, that is , mean, stand for, namely, refer to, to mean ,in other words等，有时也以同位语、定语从句的形式出现，或用破折号、括号来表示。

高考英语阅读理解中的词义猜测方法

高考英语阅读理解中的词义猜测方法〔关键词〕英语；阅读；词义；猜测1. 根据文中的解释或定义猜测生词的含义以生词的解释或定义为线索猜测词义是进行快速阅读最常见的一种办法。

如果在文章中出现比较生僻的词时，文中又能找出类似to be defined as，to be called，that is to say，to mean，to refer to，to be known as等对生词作出解释的语境线索，就可以领悟出该词的意思。

如：Pantomime refersto ashort play in which no words arespoken．此例中refers to 具有解释功能，再加上in which引导的定语从句提供的信息，pantomime的意思就很清楚了，意为“哑剧”。

2. 根据生活常识或经验猜测生词的含义在阅读的过程中如碰到生词，学生可以根据自身的经验或常识将其猜测出来。

如：Most of the flowers are beginning to wither because of the cold and dry weather．此句中wither为生词，但根据生活常识，由“由于寒冷和干燥的天气”可推测出多数花儿开始“凋谢、枯萎”。

3. 根据同义词或近义词猜测生词的含义通常情况下作者为了更清楚地表达自己的意思，往往用一个同义词或近义词解释另一个比较难的词，这些同义或近义词为学生推断词义提供了明显的线索。

or，like，as…as，the same as，similarly等都可作为引出同义词的标志性词语。

如：Mr Smith loves to talk，and his wife is similarly loquacious．很显然由similarly这个语境线索，可推测出loquacious意为love to talk．4. 根据反义词或转折关系来猜测生词的含义有时作者会用一些反义词来揭示事物的不同点，这些反义词无疑为学生猜测词义提供了非常好的线索。

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