高中英语语法被动语态
高中英语知识点归纳被动语态
高中英语知识点归纳被动语态被动语态是英语语法中的一个重要知识点。
在使用被动语态时，主语是承受者，而动作的执行者则成为谓语的一部分。
这一语法结构在表达特定情况和强调动作承受者时非常有用。
本文将对高中英语中常见的被动语态知识点进行归纳总结。
一、被动语态的构成被动语态由助动词“be”（is, am, are, was, were, been）和动词的过去分词构成。
动词的过去分词可根据动词的不同形态进行变化，常见的变化规则包括加“-ed”、改变拼写或使用不规则变化。
二、被动语态的用法1. 描述普遍情况或客观事实：Inventions are made every day.2. 强调动作承受者：The cake was eaten by the children.3. 避免指责或强调行为：Mistakes were made, and lessons were learned.4. 表示不明或未指定的主语：Money was stolen from the bank.三、被动语态的时态被动语态根据需要使用不同的时态。
下面是常见的被动语态时态使用示例：1. 现在时态：The car is washed by my brother every week.2. 过去时态：The letter was sent yesterday.3. 将来时态：The contract will be signed next week.4. 现在进行时态：The house is being built by a group of workers.5. 现在完成时态：The book has been read by many people.四、被动语态与不定式、情态动词的使用1. 被动语态与不定式：The house needs to be repaired.2. 被动语态与情态动词：The project should be completed by tomorrow.五、被动语态的特殊情况1. 特殊疑问句：Where was the bag found?2. 感叹句：How beautifully the song was sung by the singer!3. 含有两个宾语的句子：We were given a gift by our friends.六、被动语态中的常见错误1. 错误的主语：The book is written by Shakespeare.（改为“The book was written by Shakespeare.”）2. 错误的时态：The photos were taken by me last weekend.（改为“The photos have been taken by me.”）通过对高中英语被动语态知识点的归纳总结，我们可以更好地理解和应用被动语态。
高中英语知识点归纳被动语态的构成和用法
高中英语知识点归纳被动语态的构成和用法被动语态是英语语法中常用的一个句子结构，被动语态的构成和用法对于学习英语的学生来说非常重要。
本文将就高中英语知识点归纳被动语态的构成和用法进行详细解析，帮助学生更好地掌握这个语法结构。
一、被动语态的构成被动语态的构成由两部分组成：be动词的各种时态形式和过去分词。
根据主句的时态和语态，be动词的形式会相应发生变化。
1. 现在时态的被动语态构成方式：主动语态：主语 + 动词(to be) + 过去分词被动语态：主语 + am/is/are + 过去分词2. 过去时态的被动语态构成方式：主动语态：主语 + 动词(to be) + 过去分词被动语态：主语 + was/were + 过去分词3. 将来时态的被动语态构成方式：主动语态：主语 + 动词(to be) + going to + 过去分词被动语态：主语 + will be + 过去分词4. 现在完成时态的被动语态构成方式：主动语态：主语 + have/has + 过去分词被动语态：主语 + have/has been + 过去分词二、被动语态的用法被动语态主要用来强调动作的承受者，或表达客观事实，又或者在不知道或想隐瞒动作执行者时使用。
下面将介绍被动语态的常见用法：1. 及物动词的被动语态：及物动词是指需要宾语才能完整表达意思的动词，常见的及物动词有：write, read, eat, drink等。
在被动语态中，及物动词的宾语变成主语，而原来的主语则成为介词"by"引导的短语。
例句：Active: John wrote a letter.（约翰写了一封信。
）Passive: A letter was written by John.（一封信被约翰写了。
）2. 不及物动词的被动语态：不及物动词是指没有宾语的动词，如：arrive, come, go等。
这类动词在被动语态中的主语仍然是动作的承受者，同样需要使用be动词的相应时态形式和过去分词构成。
高中英语语法被动语态详解
现在进行时的被动语态：am / is / are + being + P.P. 过去进行时的被动语态：was / were + being + P.P. 现在完成时的被动语态：have / has + been + P.P. 过去完成时的被动语态：had + been + P.P.
(2) The whole country was very sad at the news of his death; People had considered him to be a great leader.
He had been considered to be a great leader.
the chemistry lab without a teacher. We are not allowed to enter the
chemistry lab without a teacher.
(三)常见的八种时态中的被动语态 2. 一般过去时：
The students didn't forget his lessons easily.
risen. 误：The sun had already been risen. After the earthquake, few houses remained. 误：After the earthquake, few houses were remained.
第三，宾语是反身代词，相互代词，同源宾语，不定式，v-ing形式 及抽象名词等，不能变为被动句子的主语，如：
主要体现在be的变化上，其形式与系动词be的变化形式完全一 样。
高中英语知识点归纳动词的被动语态
高中英语知识点归纳动词的被动语态动词的被动语态是英语中一种常见的语法结构，在高中英语学习中占据重要的位置。
掌握被动语态的使用方法和相关知识点，对于正确理解和运用英语语法是非常关键的。
本文将对高中英语中动词的被动语态进行归纳总结，帮助学生更好地掌握和运用这一语法结构。
I. 被动语态的基本形式被动语态由"be"动词的不同时态形式加上动词的过去分词构成。
其中，被动语态的时态与主动语态保持一致，只是谓语动词的形式发生了变化。
例如：1. 一般现在时的被动语态：am/is/are + 过去分词（例句：The book is read by Tom. 这本书被汤姆读了。
）2. 一般过去时的被动语态：was/were + 过去分词（例句：The letter was written by John. 这封信是约翰写的。
）3. 一般将来时的被动语态：will be + 过去分词（例句：The cake will be eaten by the children. 蛋糕将会被孩子们吃掉。
）除了基本形式外，被动语态还可以与情态动词连用，形成不同时态的情态被动语态。
例如：1. 情态动词can的被动语态：can be + 过去分词（例句：The problem can be solved by the teacher. 这个问题可以被老师解决。
）2. 情态动词should的被动语态：should be + 过去分词（例句：The car should be repaired by a professional mechanic. 这辆车应该由专业的机械师修理。
）II. 被动语态的用法1. 当我们不知道或不关心动作的执行者时，可以使用被动语态。
例如：（例句：The vase was broken. 这个花瓶被打破了。
）2. 当动作的承受者比执行者更重要或更值得强调时，可以使用被动语态。
例如：（例句：The cake was made by my grandmother.这个蛋糕是我奶奶做的。
高中英语语法---被动语态
高中英语语法---被动语态语态也是动词的一种形式，表示主语与谓语之间的关系。
英语有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。
主动语态表示主语是谓语动作的执行者，如：People grew rice in this area some years ago.被动语态表示主语是谓语动作的承受者，如：A new swimming pool will be built on our school.一.被动语态的构成被动语态的形式是由“助动词be+动词的过去分词”构成。
助动词be随着主语的人称，数，时态和语气的不同而变化。
各种时态的被动语态形式如下：1.一般现在时am/is/are+V(p.p)人们利用电能运转机器。
People use electricity to run machines. Electricity is used to run machines.Is electricity used to run machines? Yes, it is . / No, it isn't.2.一般过去时was/were + V(p.p)昨天我们在山坡上种了许多树。
We planted many trees on the hill yesterday.Many trees were planted on the hill yesterday.Were many trees planted on the hill yesterday? Yes, they were. / No, they were not. 3.一般将来时will/shall +be+V(p.p)下星期我们将举行一场运动会。
We will hold a sports meeting next week.A sports meeting will be held next week.Will a sports meeting be held next week? Yes, it will. / No, it won't.4.过去将来时should/would +be+V(p.p)他告诉我们人们将在他家乡建一个大水坝。
高中英语语法 被动语态
高中英语语法被动语态一、被动语态概述语态是动词的一种形式，用以说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。
英语的语态共有两种：主动语态和被动语态。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式，一般说来，只有需要动作对象的及物动词才有被动语态。
汉语往往用“被”、“受”、“给”等词来表示被动意义。
如：He opened the door. 他打开了这扇门。
（主动语态）The door was opened. 这扇门被打开了。
（被动语态）二、被动语态的构成被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。
被动语态的时态变化只改变be的形式，过去分词部分不变。
疑问式和否定式的变化也如此。
1、被动语态的时态较常见的八种，现以动词clean为例列表说明：2、被动语态的句式变化：以一般现在时和动词invite为例，列表说明被动语态的句式变化：3、含有情态动词的被动语态情态动词的被动语态结构为：情态动词+be+过去分词；其时态及句型的变化仅由情态动词完成，“be+过去分词”部分不变。
如：Tables can be made of stone. 桌子可由石头制造。
Tables could be made of stone at that time. 那时桌子可由石头制造。
（一般过去时）Can tables be made of stone? 桌子能用石头制造吗？（疑问句）三、被动语态的用法：1、不知道或没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时。
如：The bridge was built last year. 这座桥是去年建造的。
He was elected chairman. 他被选为主席。
2、当更加强调动作的承受者时。
此时动作的执行者由by引导置于谓语动词之后，不需要时可以省略。
如：The room hasn't been cleaned yet. 房间还没有打扫。
The tiger was killed by him. 老虎被他杀死了。
高中英语语法系列---被动语态讲义
被动语态1 构成1)构成：助动词be+(及物动词的)过去分词语态是动词的一种形式，表示主语和谓语间的关系。
英语动词有主动语态(active voice)和被动语态(passive voice)两种语态。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
被动语态中动作的执行者用by短语表示。
Father cleared away the snow in the yard.父亲清扫了院中的雪。
(主动)The snow in the yard was cleared away by father.院中的雪被父亲清扫了。
(被动)被动语态的否定式是在第一个助动词后加not，也可用简略形式：isn't, aren't, wasn't, weren't, won't, shan't,hasn't, haven't,hadn't。
被动语态的疑问式是将第一助动词放在主语前，特殊疑问句式为：疑问词+一般疑问句。
如果特殊疑问句是对主语进行提问，要用陈述句语序。
English and some other foreign languages are taught in our university.我们大学开设英语和一些其他外语。
Is the novel written by Jack London?这部小说是杰克·伦敦写的吗？The whole city was destroyed by the earthquake.整座城市被地震毁灭了。
Will the protest meeting be held tomorrow?明天举行抗议集会吗？These elements shan't be sent over to the factory at once.这些元件不会立即就送往工厂。
The machine has been placed on a solid foundation.机器已经安置在坚实的地基上。
高中英语语法被动语态(共29张PPT)
The baby is taken good care of by them.
注意：含动词词组的被动语态，须
将其看作一个整体，不可把它们分 隔开来。
• 三注意:
• 1.看时间状语确定时态. • 2.看主语确定be, have 的正确形式. • 3.记准动词的过去分词.
谓
宾(受动者)
Bowls are washed byhis brother every day.
1.They make shoes in that factory. 主语+及物动词+宾语
Shoes are made (by them) in that factory.
一般现在时：S(主语）+am/is /are +过去分 词
5)Exercises: 一.选择填空: 1. Windows__C___ of glass. A.be made B. is made C. are made D. been
made 2. The house__C___ in 2004. A.is built B. is building C. was built D. used 3. A coat can___A__ for keeping warm. A.be used B. is used C. been used D. used
The room will be cleaned by Tom tomorrow.
一般将来时:S+will\shall +be +P.P.
Be going to +be +P.P.
4．Amy can take good care of Gina ．
高中英语语法被动语态构成
高中英语语法被动语态构成被动语态是英语语法中的一种重要结构，用于表达主语是动作的承受者，而非执行者。
在高中英语研究中，被动语态的构成十分关键。
被动语态的构成由两部分组成：助动词be的适当形式和动词的过去分词形式。
下面是被动语态的构成说明：1. 现在时态被动语态的构成：be动词的适当形式 + 动词的过去分词形式- 例子：- 主动语态：She drinks coffee every morning.（她每天早晨喝咖啡。
）- 被动语态：Coffee is drunk by her every morning.（咖啡每天早晨被她喝。
）2. 过去时态被动语态的构成：助动词was/were的适当形式 + 动词的过去分词形式- 例子：- 主动语态：The students cleaned the classroom yesterday.（学生们昨天打扫了教室。
）- 被动语态：The classroom was cleaned by the students yesterday.（教室昨天被学生们打扫了。
）3. 将来时态被动语态的构成：助动词will be的适当形式 + 动词的过去分词形式- 例子：- 主动语态：They will finish the project next week.（他们下周将完成这个项目。
）- 被动语态：The project will be finished by them next week.（这个项目下周将被他们完成。
）被动语态在高中英语语法中的应用非常广泛。
掌握被动语态的构成对于学生们提高英语语法水平、写作和阅读理解都起到重要作用。
总结一下，高中英语语法中被动语态的构成是由be动词的适当形式和动词的过去分词形式组成。
学生们需要通过练习和应用来熟练掌握被动语态的使用。
高中英语语法——被动语态(30张PPT)
主语
谓语 宾语
二、被动语态的一般结构：
动词的被动语态由“助动词be+及物动 词的过去分词”构成。当主动句变为被 动句时，原来的宾语变成了主语，原来 的主语变成了介词by 的宾语。主动句与 被动句的结构虽然不同，但动作的执行 者和承受者的关系并没有改变。
即：be+ done (+ by)
结构： be+ done (+ by)
1. Liu Xiang has ever broken the world record. The world record has ever been broken by Liu Xiang.
2. The floor has been cleaned by my mother.
My mother has cleaned the floor.
The old library is going to be pulled down soon.
E.g.:他的新书下个月就要出版了。
His new book is going to be published next month.
2 be to do sth. be to be done
E.g.:这个任务要在10分钟之内完成。
The wall is about to be painted by the worker.
Obama has become
the first AfricanAmerican president in the United States of America.
The Present Perfect Tense Sentence structure:
subject + have/has +been+ done
高中英语语法 —— 被动语态
高中英语语法——被动语态1、概述：英语动词有两种语态，主动语态和被动语态。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
汉语中常用“被”、“给”、“由”、“受”等词用来表示被动，而英语用：助动词be + 及物动词的过去分词构成。
2、基本用法例句：Mary is loved by all her family.Is your child well taken care of by your parents?Many houses were destroyed in the earthquake.When will the work be finished?The work must be finished by tomorrow.Ought the plan to be put into practice as soon as possible?Who will be sent to the west this year?This car accident is being looked into.All the work has been finished by now.All the photos will have been developed by tomorrow.I was deeply impressed by the boy’s good behaviors.We are all surprised at your arrival.3、被动语态要注意的几个问题1）. 把主动语态变为被动语态时，其谓语动词的时态要与原句时态保持一致，其谓语动词的数要与新主语保持一致。
We have bought a new computer.A new computer has been bought.A new computer have been bought. （wrong）2）. 含有双宾语的主动句变被动句时，可分别将其中的一个宾语变为主语，另一个不动，一般变间接宾语为主语时比较多。
高中英语语法：被动语态-讲解与练习
高中语法：被动语态Ⅰ. 含义与构成1.被动语态表示句中的主语接受谓语动作，也就是说，主语是谓语动作的承受者。
谓语动词用作被动语态的句子叫做被动句。
2.构成：be + 过去分词（be有时可用become 或get代替）Be随着主语的人称、数、时态和语气的不同而变化。
3.被动语态的各种时态形式有：★一般时态：be + 过去分词English is spoken in many countries.Romeo and Juliet was written by Shakespeare.Many believe that one day the earth will be destroyed if people do not learn to live in peace.★进行时态：be + being + 过去分词His plan is being carried out successfully.The new curtains were being hung when the visitors showed up.The car will be being cleaned by my brother.★完成时态：have + been + 过去分词I’ve been robbed.The outcome of the election was announced before all of the votes had beencounted.Everything will have been done by the end of this month.【练一练】1.(2010 湖南) This coastal area _________ a national wildlife reserve last year.A. was namedB. namedC. is namedD.names2.(2010 全国1) The discovery of gold in Australia led thousands to believe that afortune _________.A. is madeB. would makeC. was to be madeD.had made3.(2010 上海) The church tower which _________ will be open to tourists soon. Thework is almost finished.A. has restoredB. has been restoredC. is restoringD. is being restored4.(2010 北京) In the spoken English of some areas in the US, the “r” sounds at theend of the words _________.A. are droppedB. dropC. are being droppedD.have dropped5.(2010 陕西) It is reported that many a new house _________ at present in thedisaster area.A. are being builtB. were being builtC. was being builtD. is being built6.(2010 福建) Every year a flood of farmers arrive in Shenzhen for the money–making jobs they _________ before they leaving their hometowns.A. promisedB. were promisedC. have promisedD. have been promised7.(2010 天津) Traditional folk arts of Tianjin like paper cutting _________ at the cultureshow of the 2010 Shanghai World Expo.A. are exhibitingB. is exhibitingC. are being exhibitingD. is being exhibiting8.(2010 四川) You’ve failed to do what you _________ to and I’m afraid the teacherwill blame you.A. will expectB. will be expectedC. expectedD. wereexpectedⅡ. 用法1.要用到被动语态的情况1）强调动作的承受者：Frank was hit by a car.A new idea has been suggested.2）说话者不知道动作的执行者，或者认为没有必要指出：This bridge was built in 1700.The house is being repaired.3）说话者希望所说的内容显得更加客观，避免就一些自己不太肯定的事表态：此类通常为表示\"据说\"或\"相信\" 的词组，基本上由believe, consider, declare,expect, feel , report, say, see, suppose, think, understand等组成，如：It issaid that…据说；It is reported that…据报道；It is believed that…大家相信；It is hoped that…大家希望；It is well known that…众所周知It is said that Japan’s industrial progress after the war was very remarkable.4）在文章标题、广告、新闻中Waitress wanted.Millions of pounds’ worth of damage has been caused by a storm which swept across the north of England last night.2.感官动词主动语态的宾语补足语是不带to 的不定式，变为被动语态时，该不定式前要加"to"：The teacher made me go out of the classroom.--> I was made to go out of the classroom （by the teacher）.We saw him play football on the playground.--> He was seen to play football on the playground.3.情态动词的被动语态：情态动词+ be +过去分词，Coal can be used to produce electricity for agriculture and industry. 煤可以产生工农业需要的电。
重点高中英语语法被动语态
重点高中英语语法被动语态————————————————————————————————作者：————————————————————————————————日期：高中英语语法-被动语态一．定义语态(voice)表示主语与谓语动词之间的关系。
当主语是动作的动词用（Active V oice）；如果主语是动作的，动词便用（Passive V oice）。
被动语态由be＋及物动词的过去分词构成。
二.考点：考查时态和语态的掌握、与主谓一致连考题型：①②例1.The problem solved and the foreigner got into the taxi.(短文改错)2.Now college graduates (encourage)to start their own business which sounds really good for them.(语法填空)3.Truly elegant chopstics might (make)of gold and silver with Chinese characters.(语法填空)三.做题步骤①判断语态②判断时态③套用具体时态的被动语态形式④注意主谓一致四.各种时态的被动语态形式1) 一般现在时：Subject+ be(am/is/are) +done (过去分词)2）一般过去时:3）一般将来时: Subject+ shall/will/ be going to be done (过去分词)4）过去将来时:5）现在进行时: Subject+ be(am/is/are) being done(过去分词)6）过去进行时:7）现在完成时: Subject+has /have been done8）过去完成时:9）带有情态动词时: Subject+情态动词＋be＋done (过去分词)五.掌握基础，学以致用(用所给动词适当形式填空)1.Visitors (request) not to take photos here.2. The classroom must (clean) every day.3. I (give) ten minutes to decide whether I studied abroad or not.4. you (invited) to a party held in the sckool hall tomorrow.5. A new cinema (build)here now．6.The manager entered the office and was happy to learn that four-fifths of the tickets _ _.(book)7. A meeting (hold) when I was there.8. ---- Have you moved into the new house?---- Not yet, the rooms ___ __.(paint)9. The letter (receive)already.10. He said a satisfying plan (put) forward next week.六.被动语态与系表结构的区别并非所有的“be+过去分词”都为被动语态；有些为系表结构。
高中英语语法-被动语态讲义
被动语态动词语态(V oice)是表示动词主语与动词所表示的动作之间关系的一种动词形式。
动词语态有两种：主动语态(The Active V oice)和被动语态(The Passive V oice)。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。
被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
动词被动语态由“be+过去分词”构成。
能用于被动语态的动词特征1.只有及物动词才能用于被动语态。
例如：The poem was written by him.这首诗是他写的。
A new element has been discovered by the scientist.一个新元素已被这位科学家发现。
2.注意某些及物动词语态的正确使用(1)表示情感的动词excite使…激动，interest使…产生兴趣，satisfy使…满意，delight 使···高兴，please使···高兴，astonish 使…惊奇，puzzle 使·困惑，confuse 使··糊涂，embarrass使···尴尬，annoy使···不悦，amaze使··惊异，等。
The news excited us.消息使我们激动。
We were excited at the news.听到消息我们很激动。
The interview satisfied the manager.访谈使经理满意。
The manager was satisfied with the interview.经理对访谈很满意。
(2)表示受伤的动词hurt,injure,wound。
例如：The driver hurt himself in the accident. The driver was hurt in the accident.驾驶员在事故中受伤。
高中英语语法被动语态规则
高中英语语法被动语态规则被动语态是英语中重要的语法结构之一。
在句子中使用被动语态可以强调动作的承受者，改变句子的语气和结构。
下面是高中英语语法被动语态的规则：构成被动语态被动语态的构成是使用助动词"be"加上及物动词的过去分词形式。
被动语态的句子结构如下：肯定句：主语 + be动词 + 过去分词 + 其他成分否定句：主语 + be动词 + not + 过去分词 + 其他成分疑问句：Be动词 + 主语 + 过去分词 + 其他成分 +。
被动语态的用法1.强调承受者被动语态可以使句子重点放在动作的承受者身上，而不是动作的执行者。
例如：Active voice: They built the house.（他们建造了这座房子。
）Passive voice: The house was built by them.（这座房子被他们建造。
）2.焦点在动作被动语态可以将动作本身放在句子的中心位置，而忽略动作的执行者。
例如：Active voice: He wrote the novel.（他写了这本小说。
）Passive voice: The novel was written.（这本小说已被写成。
）3.无法确定执行者在某些情况下，执行者不知道或无法确定，使用被动语态可以避免提及执行者。
例如：Active voice: ___.（有人偷了我的钱包。
）Passive voice: ___.（我的钱包被偷了。
）注意事项1.及物动词才能使用被动语态，不及物动词不能使用被动语态。
2.使用被动语态要根据上下文合理使用，避免过多使用被动语态，以免影响句子的流畅性和可读性。
以上是高中英语语法被动语态的规则。
熟练掌握被动语态的构成和用法，能够更好地理解和运用英语语法。
高中英语语法——被动语态用法归纳
高中英语语法——被动语态用法归纳被动语态是英语中一种常见的语法结构。
在被动语态中，动作的接受者被放在句子的主语位置，而动作的执行者则被放在句子的宾语位置或省略。
以下是高中英语中被动语态的用法归纳：1. 被动语态的构成被动语态的构成主要是通过“be + 过去分词”来表达动作的被执行。
例如：- The house is built by the workers.（这所房子是被工人建造的。
）is built by the workers.（这所房子是被工人建造的。
）- The letter was written by my sister.（这封信是被我姐姐写的。
）was written by my sister.（这封信是被我姐姐写的。
）2. 被动语态的用途被动语态在英语中使用广泛，常用于以下情况：- 当动作的执行者不明确或不重要时。
例如：- The cake was eaten.（这个蛋糕被吃了。
）（动作的执行者不明确）was eaten.（这个蛋糕被吃了。
）（动作的执行者不明确）- The book is written in English.（这本书是用英语写的。
）（动作的执行者不重要）is written in English.（这本书是用英语写的。
）（动作的执行者不重要）- 当强调动作的接受者或结果时。
例如：- The city was destroyed by the earthquake.（这个城市被地震摧毁了。
）（强调结果）was destroyed by the earthquake.（这个城市被地震摧毁了。
）（强调结果）- The painting was done by a famous artist.（这幅画是由一位著名艺术家完成的。
）（强调接受者）was done by a famous artist.（这幅画是由一位著名艺术家完成的。
）（强调接受者）3. 被动语态与时态被动语态使用与相应时态的被动形式。
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被动语态一、语态的基本概念和种类语态是动词的一种形式，用来表明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。
英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
谓语动词为主动语态的句子叫主动句，谓语动词被动语态的句子叫被动句。
一般来说，主动语态侧重于行为者，被动语态侧重于动作的对象或动作本身。
如：主动句：They built this bridge.他们修的这座桥。
被动句：This bridge was built by them.这桥由他们建造。
二、'三、被动语态的构成被动语态由“be+及物动词的过去分词”构成，助动词be有人称、数和时态的变化，其变化规则与be作为系动词的变化完全一样。
英语主动语态的时态共有十六种，而被动语态只有十种。
四、主动语态变被动语态主动语态转换成被动语态分三步走：第一步是将主动语态中的宾语放在句首，第二步是将主动语态中的谓语变成被动形式，第三步是将主动语态中的主语放在被动句的谓语之后，在前面再加上介词by，引出动作的执行者。
简言之，主动语态变被动语态时，主语与宾语交换位置，谓语变为被动形式，执行者前加by。
主动语态：We speak Chinese.(主语) (谓语) (宾语)（Chinese is spoken by us.(主语) (谓语) (宾语)主动语态转换成被动语态分三种情况：第一种句型：主语+谓语+宾语，主语与宾语交换位置。
例如：I sent an email last night.昨天夜里我发了一封电子邮件。
（主动结构）An email was sent (by me) last night.一封电子邮件昨天夜里（由我）发出了。
（被动结构）第二种句型：主语+谓语+宾语+宾语，将其中任意一个宾语与主语交换位置。
例如：…My parents bought me a new computer.我的父母亲给我买了一台新电脑。
（主动结构）A new computer was bought for me.有人给我买了一台新电脑。
（被动结构）I was bought a new computer.有人给我买了一台新电脑。
（被动结构）第三种句型：主语+谓语+复合宾语，将其中的宾语提到句首，而将宾语补足语仍留在原来的位置。
例如：We found him lying under the tree.我们发现他躺在树底下。
（主动结构，宾语补足语为现在分词。
）He was found lying under the tree.他被发现躺在树底下。
（被动结构，主动结构的宾语补足语lying under the tree在此变成了主语补足语。
）五、八种常用时态的被动语态举例1、}2、一般现在时is/am/are doneA lot of books are kept in our school library.我们学校图书馆有许多藏书。
Radio is used in everyday life.收音机用于日常生活。
3、一般过去时was/were doneA thief was caught last night.一个小偷昨晚被抓了。
They were asked to speak at the meeting.他们被邀请在会议上讲话。
4、现在进行时is/am/are being doneA new library is being put up in their school now.他们学校正在建新图书馆。
`The watch is being repaired.这块表正在修理。
5、过去进行时was/were being doneThe door was being painted at that time.那时门还在油漆。
The equipment was being examined at this time yesterday.昨天这个时间正在检查设备。
6、一般将来时shall/will be doneThe class meeting will be held next Saturday afternoon.班会下周六下午召开。
The thieves will be arrested.这些小偷将被逮捕。
7、过去将来时should/would be done|They said the work would be finished the next day.他们说这项工作第二天就能完成。
8、现在完成时have/has been doneMy bag has been stolen.我的包被偷了。
Many stamps have been collected by me since last year.从去年开始我收集了许多邮票。
9、过去完成时had been doneShe said this airport had never been used.她说这个机场没有使用过。
六、被动语态的用法1、?2、当不知道谁是动作的执行者时，用被动语态。
例如：His bike has been stolen.他的自行车被人偷走了。
This window was smashed last night.这扇窗户昨天晚上被打破了。
3、在没有必要或不想指出谁是动作的执行者时，用被动语态。
例如：China was liberated in 1949.中国是一九四九年解放的。
I was told you were late this morning.我听说你今天早晨迟到了。
4、强调或突出动作的承受者时，用被动语态。
例如：The plan has already been made.计划已经制定好了。
【Wu Ying may be elected secretary of the Party committee.吴英可能当选为党委书记。
用被动语态时，如需同时指出动作的执行者，可用“介词by+动作执行者（宾格）”这一结构。
例如：Midnight was written by Mao Dun.《子夜》是茅盾写的。
This picture can't have been drawn by him.这张画不可能是他画的。
七、使用被动语态应注意的事项1、及物动词能构成被动语态，不及物动词不能构成被动语态。
例如：English is spoken in every country in the world.英语在世界各国都有人使用。
（及物）<Children sleep soundly.小孩子睡的香。
（不及物）某些不及物动词与介词或副词构成不可分割的短语时，如有宾语，可用被动语态。
例如：The speaker was listened to carefully.人们聆听发言人的讲话。
This lesson must be gone over again.这课书必须再复习一遍。
2、把主动语态变为被动语态时，句中谓语动词变为被动语态，及物动词的宾语变为主语。
某些动词（如：give, send, pay, tell, lend, offer, show, throw, hand, bring, buy, get, make, leave等）有时带两个宾语，有形成两种结构的可能。
例如：Someone gave me a book.有人给我一本书。
变为被动语态时可能是：I was given a book (by someone).（比较常用）￥A book was given to me (by someone).3、带有情态动词的一般被动语态时“情态动词+be+过去分词”。
例如：The question needn't be discussed.这个问题不必讨论。
The classroom must be cleaned at once.这个教室应该立即打扫。
4、带有不定式的一般被动语态是“to be+过去分词”。
例如：A new hotel is going to be built near the station.车站附近要建一所新旅馆。
Your bike needs to be repaired.你的自行车需要修理。
5、动词有两个宾语时大多把间接宾语变为主语，保留直接宾语。
例如：^He was asked a number of questions by the teacher.老师问他许多问题。
6、成语动词改为被动语态时不可丢掉其后的介词或副词。
例如：He was often made fun of by his classmates.班上同学经常开他玩笑。
This must be paid attention to.这一点应当注意。
7、“介词in, on, under等+名词”构成介词短语即可表示被动意义又可表示主动意义。
（1）表示主动的常见词组有：be at desk(=be studying); be at work(=be working); be at a meeting(=be having a meeing); be at table(=be having a meal); be at PC(=be operating PC)（2）表示被动的常见词组有：be under discussion(=be being discussed); be under construction(=be being constructed); be under consideration(=be being considered); be under repair(=be being repaired); be past repair(=can't be repaired); be past understanding(=can't be understood); be beyond recognition(=can't be recognized)（一般来说，“past或beyond+有动词意义的名词”表示“不能被......”）八、\九、被动语态的两个重要句型英语里，如果宾语是that从句，那么变成被动语态时就有两种变法，即两个重要的被动语态句型。
例如：They know that he is a good English teacher.他们认为他是个优秀的英语教师。
（主动结构）It is known that he is a good English teacher.人们认为他是个优秀的英语教师。
（被动语态第一种句型，it为被动句的形式主语。
）He is known to be a good English teacher.他被认为是个优秀的英语教师。