2017考研英语阅读理解题材解析——苏格兰独立
2017年考研英语一阅读解析
2017年考研英语一阅读解析2017年考研英语一的阅读部分，相较于往年，难度有所提升，但整体上保持了考研英语一贯的风格和特点。
今年的阅读材料涵盖了多个领域，包括社会现象、科学研究、文化教育等，旨在考察考生的英语阅读能力、逻辑推理能力以及对文章主旨的理解能力。
首先，阅读理解的第一篇文章讨论了现代社会中人们对于个人隐私的态度。
文章通过对比不同年龄段的人群对隐私问题的看法，揭示了随着科技的发展，个人隐私保护意识的增强。
考生在解答这类题目时，需要仔细阅读文章，理解作者的观点，并根据文章内容推断出正确的答案。
第二篇文章则聚焦于科学研究领域，探讨了一项新的科学发现。
文章通过详细的实验过程和数据分析，向读者展示了这一发现的重要性。
考生在解答这类题目时，需要具备一定的科学知识背景，并且能够理解复杂的科学术语和概念。
第三篇文章转向文化教育领域，讨论了教育对于个人成长的影响。
文章通过对比不同教育背景的人在职场上的表现，强调了教育的重要性。
考生在解答这类题目时，需要关注文章中的关键信息，如教育背景与职场表现之间的关系，并据此选择正确的答案。
最后一篇文章则关注了社会现象，讨论了城市化进程中出现的问题。
文章通过分析城市化对环境和社会的影响，呼吁人们采取行动，以减缓城市化带来的负面影响。
考生在解答这类题目时，需要理解文章的主旨，并能够从文章中提取出关键信息，以支持自己的答案。
总的来说，2017年考研英语一的阅读部分要求考生具备较强的阅读理解能力，能够快速准确地捕捉文章的主旨和细节信息。
同时，考生还需要具备一定的逻辑推理能力，能够根据文章内容推断出正确的答案。
通过平时的大量阅读和练习，考生可以提高自己的阅读速度和理解能力，从而在考试中取得更好的成绩。
2017考研英语二阅读真题及答案【5】
2017考研英语二阅读真题及答案【5】Text 4Though often viewed as a problem for western states， the growing frequency of wildfires is a national concern because of its impact on federal tax dollars， says Professor Max Moritz， a specialist in fire ecology and management。
In 2015， the US Forest Service for the first time spent more than half of its $5.5 billion annual budget fighting fires—nearly double the percentage it spent on such efforts 20 years ago。
In effect，fewer federal funds today are going towards the agency’s other work—such as forest conservation， watershed and cultural resources management，and infrastructure upkeep—that affect the lives of all Americans。
Another nationwide concern is whether public funds from other agencies are going into construction in fire-prone districts。
As Moritz puts it， how often are federal dollars building homes that are likely to be lost to a wildfire?“It’s already a huge problem from a public expenditure perspective for the whole country，” he says。
2017考研英语阅读理解精读P3—工学类
2017考研英语阅读理解精读P3—工学类Passage 3(Antarctica and Environment)Antarctica has actually become a kind of space station – a unique observation post for detecting important changes in the world’s environment. Remote from major sources of pollution and the complex geological and ecological systems that prevail elsewhere, Antarctica makes possible scientific measurements that are often sharper and easier to interpret than those made in other parts of the world.Growing numbers of scientists therefore see Antarctica as a distant-early-warning sensor, where potentially dangerous global trends may be spotted before they show up to the north. One promising field of investigation is glaciology. Scholars from the United States, Switzerland, and France are pursuing seven separate but related projects that reflect their concern for the health of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet –a concern they believe the world at large should share.The Transantarctic Mountain, some of them more than 14,000 feet high, divide the continent into two very different regions. The part of the continent to the “east”of the mountains is a high plateau covered by an ice sheet nearly two miles thick. “West”of the mountain, the half of the continent south of the Americas is also covered by an ice sheet, but there the ice rests on rock that is mostly well below sea level. If the West Antarctic Ice Sheet disappeared, the western part of the continent would be reduced to a sparse cluster of island.While ice and snow are obviously central to many environmental experiments, others focus on the mysterious “dry valley”of Antarctica, valleys that contain little ice or snow even in the depths of winter. Slashed through the mountains of southern Victoria Land, these valleys once held enormous glaciers that descended 9,000 feet from the polar plateau to the Ross Sea. Now the glaciers are gone, perhaps a casualty of the global warming trend during the 10,000 years since the ice age. Even the snow that falls in the dry valleys is blasted out by vicious winds that roars down from the polar plateau to the sea. Left bare are spectacular gorges, rippled fields of sand dunes, clusters of boulders sculptured into fantastic shapes by 100-mile-an-hour winds, and an aura of extraterrestrial desolation.Despite the unearthly aspect of the dry valleys, some scientists believe they may carry a message of hope of the verdant parts of the earth. Some scientists believe that in some cases the dry valleys may soak up pollutants faster than pollutants enter them.1. What is the best title for this passage?[A] Antarctica and environmental Problems.[B] Antarctica: Earth’s Early-Warning station.[C] Antarctica: a Unique Observation Post.[D] Antarctica: a Mysterious Place.2. What would the result be if the West Antarctic Ice Sheet disappeared?[A] The western part of the continent would be disappeared.[B] The western part of the continent would be reduced.[C] The western part of the continent would become scattered Islands.[D] The western part of the continent would be reduced to a cluster of Islands.3. Why are the Dry Valleys left bare?[A] Vicious wind blasts the snow away.[B] It rarely snows.[C] Because of the global warming trend and fierce wind.[D] Sand dunes.4. Which of the following is true?[A] The “Dry Valleys”have nothing left inside.[B] The “Dry Valleys”never held glaciers.[C] The “Dry Valleys”may carry a message of hope for the verdant.[D] The “Dry Valleys”are useless to scientists.Vocabulary1. distant-early-warning sensor 远距离早期报警传感器2. plateau 高原，高地3. slash 挥砍4. blast 一阵疾风/狂风5. vicious 邪恶的，凶魔般的6. gorge 峡谷7. ripple 起伏，使起微波8. sand dune 沙丘9. verdant 绿色10. extraterrestrial 地球之外的11. aura 气氛难句译注1. Growing numbers of scientists therefore see Antarctica as a distant-early waning sensor, where potentially dangerous global trends may be spotted before they show up to the north.【结构简析】see …as 把……看作。
2017年考研英语二真题及答案解析1
2017年考研英语二真题及答案解析跨考教育英语教研室Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text.Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)People have speculated for centuries about a future without work.Today is no different, with academics, writers, and activists once again 1 that technology is replacing human workers.Some imagine that the coming work-free world will be defined by 2 .A few wealthy people will own all the capital, and the masses will struggle in an impoverished wasteland..A different and not mutually exclusive 3 holds that the future will be a wasteland of a different sort, one 4 by purposelessness: Without jobs to give their lives 5 , people will simply become lazy and depressed.6 today’s unemployed don’t seem to be having a great time.One Gallup poll found that 20 percent of Americans who have been unemployed for at least a year report having depression, double the rate for 7 Americans.Also, some research suggests that the 8 for rising rates of mortality, mental-health problems, and addicting9 poorly-educated middle-aged people is shortage of well-paid jobs.Perhaps this is why many 10 the agonizing dullness of a jobless future.But it doesn’t 11 follow from findings like these that a world without work would be filled with unease.Such visions are based on the 12 of being unemployed in a society built on the concept of employment.In the 13 of work, a society designed with other ends in mind could 14 strikingly different circumstances for the future of labor and leisure.Today, the 15 of work may be a bit overblown.“Many jobs are boring, degrading, unhealthy, and a waste of human potential, ”says John Danaher, a lecturer at the National University of Ireland in Galway.These days，because leisure time is relatively 16 for most workers，people use their free time to counterbalance the intellectual and emotional 17 of their jobs.“When I come home from a hard day’s work，I often feel 18 ，”Danaher says，adding，“In a world in which I don’t have to work，I might feel rather different”—perhaps different enough to throw himself 19 a hobby or a passion project with the intensity usually reserved for 20 matters.1. [A] boasting [B] denying [C] warning [D] ensuring[答案][C] warning2. [A] inequality [B] instability [C] unreliability [D] uncertainty[答案][A] inequality3. [A] policy [B]guideline [C] resolution [D] prediction[答案][D] prediction4. [A] characterized [B]divided [C] balanced [D]measured[答案][A] characterized5. [A] wisdom [B] meaning [C] glory [D] freedom[答案][B] meaning6. [A] Instead [B] Indeed [C] Thus [D] Nevertheless[答案][B] Indeed7. [A] rich [B] urban [C]working [D] educated[答案][C] working8. [A] explanation [B] requirement [C] compensation [D] substitute[答案][A] explanation9. [A] under [B] beyond [C] alongside [D] among[答案][D] among10. [A] leave behind [B] make up [C] worry about [D] set aside[答案][C] worry about11. [A] statistically [B] occasionally [C] necessarily [D] economically[答案][C] necessarily12. [A] chances [B] downsides [C] benefits [D] principles[答案][B] downsides13. [A] absence [B] height [C] face [D] course[答案][A] absence14. [A] disturb [B] restore [C] exclude [D] yield[答案][D] yield15. [A] model [B] practice [C] virtue [D] hardship[答案][C] virtue16. [A] tricky [B] lengthy [C] mysterious [D] scarce[答案][D] scarce17. [A] demands [B] standards [C] qualities [D] threats[答案][A] demands18. [A] ignored [B] tired [C] confused [D] starved[答案][B] tired19. [A] off [B] against [C] behind [D] into[答案][D] into20. [A] technological [B] professional [C] educational [D] interpersonal [答案][B] professional试题精析[答案][C] warning考点: 上下文语义理解解析: 空格之后的宾语从句部分“technology is replacing human workers.”结合选项, 应该选择warning。
2017考研英语阅读理解试题及名师解析（18）
相关推荐：新东⽅校推荐： It is said that inEngland death is pressing, in Canada inevitable and in California optional.Small wonder. Americans’ life expectancy has nearly doubled over the past century. Failinghips can be replaced, clinical depression controlled, cataracts removed in a30-minute surgical procedure. Such advances offer the aging population aquality of life that was unimaginable when I entered medicine 50 years ago. Butnot even a great health-care system can cure death—and ourfailure to confront that reality now threatens this greatness of ours。
Death is normal; we are genetically programmed to disintegrate andperish, even under ideal conditions. We all understand that at some level, yetas medical consumers we treat death as a problem to be solved. Shielded bythird-party payers from the cost of our care, we demand everything that canpossibly be done for us, even if it's useless. The most obvious example islate-stage cancer care. Physicians—frustrated by theirinability to cure the disease and fearing loss of hope in the patient—too oftenoffer aggressive treatment far beyond what is scientifically justified。
2017考研英语二完型填空来源及浅析
2017考研英语二完型填空来源及浅析Dculture. “We think it’s bad to just sit around with nothing to do,” says Everett. “For the Pirahã, it’s quite a desirable state.”Gray likens these aspects of the hunter-gatherer lifestyle to the carefree adventures of many children in developed countries, who at some point in life are expected to put away childish th ings. But that hasn’t always been the case. According to Gary Cross’s 1990 book A Social History of Leisure Since 1600, free time in the U.S. looked quite different before the 18th and 19th centuries. Farmers—which was a fair way to describe a huge number of Americans at that time—mixed work and play in their daily lives. There were no managers or overseers, so they would switch fluidly between working, taking breaks, joining in neighborhood games, playing pranks, and spending time with family and friends. Not to mention festivals and other gatherings: France, for instance, had 84 holidays a year in 1700, and weather kept them from farming another 80 or so days a year.This all changed, writes Cross, during the Industrial Revolution, which replaced farms with factories and farmers with employees. Factory owners created a more rigidly scheduled environment that clearly divided work from play. Meanwhile, clocks—which were becoming widespread at that time—began to give life a quicker pace, and religious leaders, who traditionally endorsed most festivities, started associating leisure with sin and tried to replace rowdy festivals with sermons.As workers started moving into cities, families no longer spent their days together on the farm. Instead, men worked in factories, women stayed home or worked in factories, and children went to school, stayed home, or worked in factories too. During the workday, families became physically separated, which affected the way people entertained themselves: Adults stopped playing “childish” games and sports, and the streets were mostly wiped clean of fun, as middle- and upper-class families found working-class activities like cockfighting and dice games distasteful. Many such diversions were soon outlawed.With workers’ old outlets for play having disappeared in a haze of factory smoke, many of them turned to new, more urban ones. Bars became a refuge where tired workers drank and watched live shows with singing and dancing. If free time means beer and TV to a lot of Americans, this might be why.At times, developed societies have, for a privileged few, produced lifestyles that were nearly as play-filled as hunter-gatherers’. Throughout history, aristocrats who earned their income simply byowning land spent only a tiny portion of their time minding financial exigencies. According to Randolph Trumbach, a professor of history at Baruch College, 18th-century English aristocrats spent their days visiting friends, eating elaborate meals, hosting salons, hunting, writing letters, fishing, and going to church. They also spent a good deal of time participating in politics, without pay. Their children would learn to dance, play instruments, speak foreign languages, and read Latin. Russian nobles frequently became intellectuals, writers, and ar tists. “As a 17th-century aristocrat said, ‘We sit down to eat and rise up to play, for what is a gentleman but his pleasure?’” Trumbach says.It’s unlikely that a world without work would be abundant enough to provide everyone with such lavish lifestyles. But Gray insists that injecting any amount of additional play into people’s lives would be a good thing, because, contrary to that 17th-century aristocrat, play is about more than pleasure. Through play, Gray says, children (as well as adults) learn how to strategize, create new mental connections, express their creativity, cooperate, overcome narcissism, and get along with other people. “Male mammals typically have difficulty living in close proximity to each other,” he says, and play’s harmony-promoting properties may explain why it came to be so central to hunter-gatherer societies. While most of today’s adults may have forgotten how to play, Gray doesn’t believe it’s an unrecoverable skill: It’s not uncommon, he says, for grandparents to re-learn the concept of play after spending time with their young grandchildren.When people ponder the nature of a world without work, they often transpose present-day assumptions about labor and leisure onto a future where they might no longer apply; if automation does end up rendering a good portion of human labor unnecessary, such a society might exist on completely different terms than societies do today.So what might a work-free U.S. look like? Gray has some ideas. School, for one thing, would be very different. “I think our system of schooling would completely fall by the wayside,” says Gray. “The primary purpose of the educational system is to teach people to work. I don’t think anybody would want to put our kids through what we put our kids through now.” Instead,Gray suggests that teachers could build lessons around what students are most curious about. Or, perhaps, formal schooling would disappear altogether.Trumbach, meanwhile, wonders if schooling would become more about teaching children to be leaders, rather than workers, through subjects like philosophy and rhetoric. He also thinks that people might participate in political and public life more, like aristocrats of yore. “Ifgreater numbers of people were using their leisure to run the country, that would g ive people a sense of purpose,” says Trumbach.Social life might look a lot different too. Since the Industrial Revolution, mothers, fathers, and children have spent most of their waking hours apart. In a work-free world, people of different ages might come together again. “We would become much less isolated from each other,” Gray imagines, perhaps a little optimistically. “When a mom is having a baby, everybody in the neighborhood would want to help that mom.” Researchers have found that having close relationships is the number-one predictor of happiness, and the social connections that a work-free world might enable could well displace the aimlessness that so many futurists predict.In general, without work, Gray thinks people would be more likely to pursue their passions, get involved in the arts, and visit friends. Perhaps leisure would cease to be about unwinding after a period of hard work, and would instead become a more colorful, varied thing. “We wouldn’t have to be as self-or iented as we think we have to be now,” he says. “I believe we would become more human.”。
2017考研英语阅读理解试题及解析（26）
相关推荐：新东⽅校推荐： Americans no longerexpect public figures, whether in speech or in writing, to command the Englishlanguage with skill and gift. Nor do they aspire to such command themselves. Inhis latest book, Doing Our Own Thing: The Degradation of Language and Why We Should,Like, Care, John McWhorter, a linguist and controversialist of mixed liberaland conservative views, sees the triumph of 1960s counter-culture asresponsible for the decline of formal English。
Blaming the permissive 1960s is nothing new, but this is not yetanother criticism against the decline in education. Mr. McWhorter’s academicspecialty is language history and change, and he sees the gradual disappearanceof “whom”， for example, to be natural and no more regrettable than the loss ofthe case-endings of Old English。
But the cult of the authentic and the personal, “doing ourown thing”， has spelt the death of formal speech, writing, poetry and music.While even the modestly educated sought an elevated tone when they put pen topaper before the 1960s, even the most well regarded writing since then hassought to capture spoken English on the page. Equally, in poetry, the highlypersonal, performative genre is the only form that could claim real liveliness.In both oral and written English, talking is triumphing over speaking,spontaneity over craft。
2017考研英语真题解析之阅读题
2017考研英语真题解析之阅读题跨考教育英语教研室—项硕考试一结束，就有学生留言告诉我，好高兴呀，今年的英语阅读依然很简单呢。
然而，我们跨考陪考的英语老师说今年的阅读题目出得蛮有心机的呢。
学生说简单，老师说不简单，因缺思厅。
那真相只有一个，文章不难，但是题目不简单。
考后跟我打听英语答案的同学很多，因为某道题不确定答案来跟我讨论的同学更多。
其中有一道题可以说是独得众位同学的恩宠，就是阅读第二篇文章的第30题，也就是最后一题——问作者对于choosing Mauna Kea as the TMT site 选址Mauna Kea建TMT天文望远镜的态度是怎样。
毋庸置疑，这是一道态度题，文章里头的attitude明明白白地说明了这一点，四个选项里的老熟人，什么criticism，approval更是进一步佐证了我们的判断。
其实我们在课堂上讲态度题的解题思路时，往往第一步就是先判断题型，套路那么多，不用对怎么可以。
那态度题的特征之一就是题干中的attitude，另外一个更显著的特征是选项中的表示态度的词汇，好比optimistic，skeptical等等。
确定了题型后，重点到了，怎么做？态度题的解题关键有两个，第一点是主旨，有时候文章的主旨句就直接能看出作者的态度，是支持还是反对，要是不明显，那就有可能是中性。
当然，也可能还要用到第二个关键，也就是情感色彩。
一般表达情感色彩的词都是形容词和副词，所以多关注形容词和副词你就能看出作者态度了，也就是所谓的察言观色，比方说什么unfortunately，regrettable等等。
如果以上你还觉得不够解渴，担心范围太大，找不到，那我再友情赠送一个圣诞大礼包：全文态度题往往在最后一段都能找到线索，嘘，小声点。
办法肯定是管用的，要是不管用，那肯定是你没用对，我们不妨以2017年英语阅读第二篇的最后一题来试一试。
这道全文态度题咱们可以通过情感色彩来找到线索，有人问为什么不用主旨句找？很简单，因为很多人找不着主旨句，而这篇文章的主旨句也没有明显到长眼睛就能发现。
2017考研英语阅读理解试题及名师解析(2)-考研模拟及答案解析
2017考研英语阅读理解试题及名师解析(2) Being a man hasalways been dangerous. There are about 105 males born for every 100 females,but this ratio drops to near balance at the age of maturity, and among70-year-olds there are twice as many women as men. But the great universal ofmale mortality is being changed. Now, boy babies survive almost as well as girlsdo. This means that, for the first time, there will be an excess of boys inthose crucial years when they are searching for a mate. More important, anotherchance for natural selection has been removed. Fifty years ago, the chance of ababy(particularly a boy baby) surviving depended on its weight. A kilogram toolight or too heavy meant almost certain death. Today it makes almost nodifference. Since much of the variation is due to genes, one more agent ofevolution has gone。
2017考研英语二阅读真题答案解析【3】
2017考研英语二阅读真题答案解析【3】Text 2With so much focus on children’s use of screens，it’s easy for parents to forget about their own screen use。
“Tech is designed to really suck on you in，” says Jenny Radesky in her study of digital play，“and digital products are there to promote maximal engagement。
It makes it hard to disengage，and leads to a lot of bleed-over into the family routine。
”Radesky has studied the use of mobile phones and tablets at mealtimes by giving mother-child pairs a food-testing exercise。
She found that mothers who sued devices during the exercise started 20 percent fewer verbal and 39 percent fewer nonverbal interactions with their children。
During a separate observation，she saw that phones became a source of tension in the family。
Parents would be looking at their emails while the children would be making excited bids for their attention。
2017考研英语阅读理解题材解析之英国议会停摆
2017考研英语阅读理解题材解析之英国议会停摆每年考研英语阅读篇章很多都取材于经济学人，因此2017年考研复习之初，一定要从基础打好，稳扎稳打。
凯程网考研频道分享《经济学人》文章，希望大家能够多看、多练，提升阅读能力！考研英语阅读题源经济学人文章：英国议会停摆Politics英国政治Winding down时钟停摆Over a year before the general election, Parliament isalready clocking off大选后一年多，议会已像时钟一样停摆PARLIAMENT feels different from usual. The lobbies and corridors are quieter. The queues in thecanteens are shorter. Records of internet activity in the Palace of Westminster show thatmonthly visits to YouTube have overtaken those to Parliament's information pages. Visits tocricket websites are up, too. The division bells still ring in MPs' offices to announce votes andthe wood-panelled committee rooms are still busy—but debates tend to be on independent(and sometimes eccentric) initiatives by MPs rather than on government bills. Each seems to bedoing his own thing.英国议会与往常大不一样。
高考英语 考前突破阅读理解能力 苏格兰国民党将公布独立计划素材
苏格兰国民党将公布独立计划Scotland's first minister is to set out the SNP's blueprint for independence, ahead of next September's referendum.苏格兰首席大臣将先于明年九月份的公投，公布苏格兰国民党的独立计划。
Scottish First Minister Alex Salmond is unveiling the white paper in GlasgowAlex Salmond said the Scottish government's 670-page white paper would put beyond dispute Scotland's ability to be a successful, independent nation.On 18 September, Scots voters will be asked the yes/no question: "Should Scotland be an independent country?"Opposition politicians said "time was running out" for the SNP to answer key questions about the challenges ahead.'Stuffed full'The white paper, "Scotland's future: Your guide to an independent Scotland", is being launched by Mr Salmond and Deputy First Minister Nicola Sturgeon during an event at Glasgow's Science Centre.The Scottish government has described the white paper as a "landmark document", with the case for economic growth and fairness at its heart.The SNP has argued Scotland's finances are healthier than those of the UK, providing a strong foundation to put the focus of the referendum campaign on Scotland's future.Speaking ahead of the launch, Ms Sturgeon told BBC Scotland the white paper was "stuffed fu ll with facts and figures and information", with a "heavy focus" on addressing questions that pe ople wan ted answered.She said: "This is an exciting day in the referendum campaign."For everybody out there who has said, 'I'm not sure how to vote because I don't feel I've got all the information I need', this is the day when that information is put out there."Informatio n that sets out the overwhelming case for independence, the benefits it will bring for individuals, families, communities, the country as a whole, the practicalities about how we make the journey to independence and answers to a whole range of questions people have been asking."Ms Sturgeon added: "This is a big moment in the campaign and one which I think will decisively shift the dynamic of it."。
2017考研英语一阅读理解Text 4真题及答案解析
Text 4In a rare unanimous ruling, the US Supreme Court has overturned the corruption conviction of a former Virginia governor, Robert McDonnell. But it did so while holding its nose at the ethics of his conduct, which included accepting gifts such as a Rolex watch and a Ferrari automobile from a company seeking access to government.The high court ’s decision said the judge in Mr. McDonnell ’s trial failed to tell a jury that it must look only at his “official acts,” or the former governor ’s decisions on “specific ” and “unsettled ” issues related to his duties.Merely helping a gift-giver gain access to other officials, unless done with clear intent to pressure those officials, is not corruption, the justices found.The court did suggest that accepting favors in return for opening doors is “distasteful ” and “nasty.” But under anti-bribery laws, proof must be made of concrete benefits, such as approval of a contract or regulation. Simply arranging a meeting, making a phone call, or hosting an event is not an “official act ”.The court ’s ruling is legally sound in defining a kind of favoritism that is not criminal. Elected leaders must be allowed to help supporters deal with bureaucratic problems without fear of prosecution for bribery.” The basic compact underlying representative government,” wrote Chief Justice John Roberts for the court,” assumes that public officials will hear from their constituents and act on their concerns.”But the ruling reinforces the need for citizens and their elected representatives, not the courts, to ensure equality of access to government. Officials must not be allowed to play favorites in providing information or in arranging meetings simply because an individual or group provides a campaign donation or a personal gift. This type of integrity requireswell-enforced laws in government transparency, such as records of official meetings, rules on lobbying, and information about each elected leader ’s source of wealth.Favoritism in official access can fan public perceptions of corruption. But it is not always corruption. Rather officials must avoid double standards, or different types of access foraverage people and the wealthy. If connections can be bought, a basic premise of democratic society —that all are equal in treatment by government —is undermined. Good governance rests on an understanding of the inherent worth of each individual.The court ’s ruling is a step forward in the struggle against both corruption and official favoritism.36. The undermined sentence (Para.1) most probably shows that the court _______.[A] avoided defining the extent of McDonnell ’s duties.[B] made no compromise in convicting McDonnell.[C] was contemptuous of McDonnell ’s conduct.[D] refused to comment on McDonnell ’s ethics.【答案】C【解析】答案为C 。
2017考研英语阅读理解试题及名师解析(8)-考研模拟及答案解析
2017考研英语阅读理解试题及名师解析(8) Why do so manyAmericans distrust what they read in their newspapers? The American Society ofNewspaper Editors is trying to answer this painful question. The organizationis deep into a long self-analysis known as the journalism credibility project。
Sad to say, this project has turned out to be mostly low-levelfindings about factual errors and spelling and grammar mistakes, combined withlots of head-scratching puzzlement about what in the world those readers reallywant。
But the sources of distrust go way deeper. Most journalists learnto see the world through a set of standard templates (patterns) into which theyplug each day's events. In other words, there is a conventional story line inthe newsroom culture that provides a backbone and a ready-made narrativestructure for otherwise confusing news。
苏格兰独立问题
一些反对独立的经济学家看来，独立后的苏格 兰的确会成为富国，但前景惨淡——因为它会 很快变穷。根据独立智库财政研究所调研，苏 格兰公共部门2012 至2013年度赤字1400万英 镑，占GDP 11%，赤字比例比希腊和爱尔兰还 要高，加上苏格兰计划独立后每年增加3%公 共支出，这意味着即使苏格兰花光所有石油收 入，财政上的窟窿也会不断扩大。另外，未来 50年苏格兰劳动力将缩减，人口衰老和健康问 题将大大增加养老金和医疗保健支出，使公共 部门开支面临更大压力。
英国首相卡梅伦在召开内阁会议 前指出，虽然他本人反对英国分 裂，但为了避免苏格兰的地位不 明确影响英国的经济，所以卡梅 伦同意将在 2014 年前举行苏格
2012.1.9
苏格兰多个党派在爱丁堡 启动“是的，苏格兰”独 立公投拉票活动但是调查 显示只有 33% 的苏格兰人 支持独立。
2012.5.25
Flag Institute
货币和北海石油收入争议
靠英镑阻止苏格兰独立？
独立后的苏格兰能否继续保留英镑？在萨 尔蒙德看来，苏格兰当然可以继续使用英 镑，并与英国协商组成货币联盟；但英国 财政大臣奥斯本早就明确表态，若苏格兰 独立，就不能使用英镑作为其法定货币， 英国也不会跟苏格兰结成货币联盟。
苏格兰独立问题
苏格兰
为什么要独立
苏格兰王国在公元843年完成统一后，曾是一个独 立国家。但在1296年被英格兰国王爱德华一世几乎 完全占领，持续的抵抗运动使得1314年班诺克本之 战后苏格兰重获实际独立，并在1328年与英格兰签 署的“爱丁堡-北安普顿协议”中获得承认。 1603年，英格兰女王伊丽莎白一世驾崩，其外侄孙 苏格兰国王詹姆士六世继任成为英格兰王詹姆士一 世。英苏两国共戴一主，但政府各自独立运作。 1642至1651年爆发英国内战，英格兰一度废除君 主而成为共和制国家。期间苏格兰归属有波动。 1707年，苏格兰和英格兰两国共同签署通过《联合 法案》，大不列颠王国成立，苏格兰成为其中的一 部分。（即视频中说的那一段）
2017考研英语二阅读真题答案解析【2】
2017考研英语二阅读真题答案解析【2】Part ADirections：Read the following four texts。
Answer the questions below each text by choosing A， B， C or D。
Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET。
(40 points)Text 1Every Saturday morning，at 9 am，more than 50，000 runners set off to run 5km around their local park。
The Parkrun phenomenon began with a dozen friends and has inspired 400 events in the UK and more abroad。
Events are free， staffed by thousands of volunteers。
Runners range from four years old to grandparents; their times range from Andrew Baddeley’s world record 13 minutes 48 seconds up to an hour。
Parkrun is succeeding where London’s Olympic “legacy” is failing。
Ten years ago on Monday， it was announced that the Games of the 30th Olympiad would be in London。
Planning documents pledged that the great legacy of the Games would be to level a nation of sport lovers away from their couches。
英语阅读苏格兰风情文章
英语阅读苏格兰风情文章英语阅读苏格兰风情文章Scotland is a unique and austere place, laden with history, where you can find aristocrafic palaces and castles, as well as the traditional parades in national costumes. It has some of the most beautiful cities in Europe, a living testimony of a proud and splendid past.苏格兰是一个独特的地方，自然条件虽不算得天独厚，历史的厚重感却随处可见。
豪门望族的府第与城堡历历在目，仪仗队的士兵也还穿着传统服装。
这里有全欧洲最美的城市，它们诉说着苏格兰昔日的荣光。
In order to see and discover the true soul of Scotland today, what forged the character of this splendid region, we have to go towards the northern regions, to the Grampian Mountains. Beautiful and unspoiled,it was difficult to farm. The Scots subdued the environment with simple spades and strong arms,想看看真正的苏格兰，追寻这里民族精神的源泉，就得去北部的格兰扁山区。
格兰扁山区景色怡人没有受到现代文明的污染，这里—度不适合耕作，而倔强的苏格兰人，凭着铁锹和双手征服了这片土地，The history of this ancient struggle, and its people's ancient love affair with the hard land, is enclosed within the walls of the Angus Folk Museum. You are able to get a feel ofthe t3rpical rural atmosphere of times past from the everyday artifacts displayed here,苏格兰先民的艰苦劳作与他们自古对这片贫瘠土地的眷恋，在这个安格斯大众博物馆里一览无余。
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2017考研英语阅读理解题材解析——苏格兰独立在考研英语中，阅读分数可谓是占到了总分的半壁江山，正所谓“得阅读者得考研”。
对于备考考研的同学们，在平时的复习中一定要拓展阅读思路，各类话题都要关注，这样才能在整体上提升考研英语阅读水平!一起来学习吧!Scottish independence苏格兰独立Sparks flying火花四溅Poverty and dependence on the state pull Scots inopposite directions贫困和对英国的依赖将苏格兰拉离了原来的方向BETTING shops in Rosyth are rowdier than usual.The troublemakers are not the familiar sort —drunks jousting over a Rangers match or the 4.30at Musselburgh—but punters debating Scottish independence. “We've had to chuck peopleout,”grumbles one bookie. A gnarled customer agrees: “I don't like people talking about it inmy cab,”he growls, eyes not moving from the racing. As the referendum on September 18thdraws closer, tensions in this shipbuilding town are growing.在罗赛斯，博彩店相较于平日愈发喧嚣。
闹事者们并不是平日那一拨——醉鬼们押宝一场流浪者队的比赛或是Musselburgh赛马——而是赌马者们给苏格兰独立下注。
“我们必须把人撵出去，”一位赛马的下注者抱怨道。
一个性情暴躁的顾客也颇为同意：“我不喜欢人们在我的车里谈论这件事情，”他吼道，同时目不转睛的盯着比赛。
随着9月18日的公投将近，这个造船小镇的紧张感也在不断增加。
All politics is local, even when an entire country's future is at stake. But in Rosyth, a run-downport in the shadow of the Forth Bridge near Edinburgh, distinctive local factors are pullingpeople in opposite directions. The importance of the town's biggest industry seems to militatefor sticking with Britain. But the generally depressed state of the economy makesindependence more appealing (see article). The outcome of this tug-of-war will determinehow people vote in Rosyth—and in other parts of Scotland.所有的政治都是地区性的，即使是在一个国家的未来岌岌可危之时。
但在罗塞斯，这个靠近爱丁堡附近福斯桥的破旧港口，独特的地方性因素使得人们走上了相反的方向。
城镇最大的产业的重要性似乎是阻碍了其与英国的绑定。
但是普遍低迷的经济状况使得独立更加迫切(见文章)。
这场拉锯战的后果将决定人们如何在罗赛斯——和苏格兰其他地区投票。
Residents are reminded of the case for union every time they leave their homes. Above treetopsand through gaps between pebble-dashed houses, glimpses of a vast blue rig marked “AirCarrier Alliance”and “Royal Navy”are visible. Beyond, the grey, 65,000-tonne slab of Britain'snewest aircraft-carrier,HMS Queen Elizabeth, sits in the estuary. In a place where 13% ofworking-age adults are on out-of-work benefits, the shipyard is by far the largest employer—and it relies on money from Westminster.居民们在每次离家之时总会被提醒联合的事例。
从树梢上卵石做的房子之间的间隙，瞥见一个巨大的蓝色船桅上标有“航空运输联盟”和“皇家海军”的字样。
英国最新一级排水量达6.5万吨的航母，伊丽莎白女王号航空母舰就坐落在河口。
已达成年工龄成人中的13%仰仗着失业福利，造船厂是目前最大的雇主——而且它还依赖于来自英国议会的资金。
Those who build and man the ships are therefore firmly unionist. At a ceremony to name thecarrier on July 4th, they booed Alex Salmond, Scotland's nationalist first minister and the leaderof the pro-independence “yes”campaign. The following week the Rosyth workers' unionrepresentatives appeared before MPs in Westminster to warn against secession. Henry Wilson,a convener at BAE Systems, a defence firm, warned that naval shipbuilding in Scotland would be“finished”if Mr Salmond got his way.那些建造并给船只配备人员的人因此是坚定的联合主义者。
在7月4日给某运输公司命名的仪式上，苏格兰民族主义第一部长和支持独立“成功”运动的领导遭到了Alex Salmond 他们的嘘声哄笑。
接下来的一周，罗赛斯的工人工会代表在议员之前出现在英国议会对反分裂提出警告。
一位BAE系统公司(一个防卫公司)的召集人Henry Wilson给出警告，如果Salmond如此遂心所欲，那么在苏格兰的海军船舶建造将“玩完”。
Before the ship sails起航之前In the ex-servicemen's club on Admiralty Road most agree with Mr Wilson. Only one drinker iswilling to admit to backing “yes”. “Ey, I've made up my mind,”says Jimmy, grinning defiantly.He struggles to hold his own around here, he adds: “full of “no”voters; gets very heated.”“Hewon't listen,”sighs Janet, the barmaid, wiping beer glasses. Janet thinks Mr Salmond's promisesare baloney: “I don't trust him as far as I could throw him.”在位于海军部大道的退役军人俱乐部中，多数人对Wilson的观点表示赞同。
只有一个酒徒愿意支持“成功”。
“嗯，我已经决定了，”Jimmy笑嘻嘻的说道。
他在这里艰难的保持的自己的观点，他补充道：“全都是‘反对'的选民;气氛变得异常激烈。
”“他听不进去，”酒吧的女招待Janet边擦酒杯边叹息。
Janet认为Salmond的承诺都是瞎扯。
“我一点也不相信他。
”Jimmy is in a minority in the ex-servicemen's club, but he may not be in Rosyth at large.Nationalist sentiment is widespread. More “yes”signs are visible in windows than are “no”ones. Scottish saltires the size of bedsheets billow above allotments and from blocks of flats.Beyond the shipyard there is little sign of the British union flag.在这个退伍军人俱乐部中，Jimmy是一位少数民族人民，但他可能在罗赛斯就不是了。
民族主义者的情绪是很普遍的。
在窗户上，相较于“反对”，更多的“成功”标志随处可见。
来自公寓中的床单大小的苏格兰旗覆盖于物品上。
在造船厂，几乎看不见大英国旗的身影。
In 2010 an NHS study of central Rosyth put male life expectancy at 73.3 years—five yearsshorter than the British average. Teenage pregnancy and welfare dependency are unusuallycommon, too. Those hard-up locals not employed in the shipyard could be forgiven for thinkingthat the union is not working for Scotland—and taking a gamble on independence.在2010年，来自中央罗赛斯的英国国民健康保险制度(NHS)研究表明男性的预期寿命是73.3——比英国的平均年龄还短5年。