【北京大学-病理学试题知识点】_3 炎症

leg below the knee. He experiences pain onmovement of this leg, and there is tenderness to palpation. Which of the following complications is most likely to occur next after these events?第三章炎症自测内容B.Foreign body giant cell formationC.Plasma cell production of共48题1. A 36-year-old man has had a chronic coughwith fever and weight loss for the past month. A chest radiograph reveals multiple nodules of 1 to 4 cm, some of which demonstrate cavitation in the upper lobes. A sputum sample reveals the presence of acid fast bacilli. Which of the following cells is the most important in the development his lung lesions?immunoglobulinA.Gangrenous necrosis of the footB.Pulmonary thromboembolism D.Release of growth factors bymacrophagesC.Disseminated intravascularE.Histamine release by mast cellscoagulation4. A 4-year-old child reaches up to the stoveand touches a pot of boiling soup. Within several hours, there is marked erythema of the skin of fingers on the child's right hand, and smallblisters appear on the finger pads. Which of the following terms best describes this process?D.Hematoma of the thighE.Soft tissue sarcomaA.MacrophageB.FibroblastC.NeutrophilD.Mast cellE.Platelet3. A 62-year-old man has had increasingdyspnea for 6 years. He has no cough or fever. He had inhaled silica dust for many years in his job. A chest x-ray now shows increasedinterstitial markings and parenchymal nodules of 1 to 3cm. His pulmonary problems are most likely due to which of the following A.Fibrinous inflammation B.Serous inflammation C.Purulent inflammation D.Ulceration2. After two weeks in the hospital following afall in which he incurred a fracture of his left femoral trochanter, a 78-year-old man nowhas a left leg that is swollen, particularly the lowerinflammatory processes?A.Neutrophilic infiltration with release ofE.Granulomatous inflammationleukotrienes5. Patients have pharyngeal infections. Themost typical clinical course averages 3 days from the time of onset until the patient sees the physician. In most instances the patients experience fever and chills. On physical examination, the most common finding was a pharyngeal purulent exudate. Which of the following types of inflammation did these patients most likely have?of a biopsy specimen of a duodenal lesion is shown. Which of the following terms best describes this lesion?C.EdemaD.Ulceration A.AbscessE.Suture granulomaB.Caseating granulomaC.Chronic inflammationD.Purulent exudateE.Ulceration8. The most characteristic feature ofgranulomatous inflammation isA.Aggregations of epithelioidA.Granulomatous inflammationB.Abscess formation macrophagesB.Necrosis7. One month after an appendectomy, a34-year-old man palpates a small nodulebeneath the skin at the site of the healed right lower quadrant incision. The nodule is excised, and microscopic examination showsC.Acute inflammation C.Multinucleated giant cellnghans’giant cellsE.EosinophilsD.Resolution of inflammationE.Chronic inflammationmacrophages, collagen, a few small lymphocytes, and multinucleated giant cells. Polarizable, refractile material is seen in the nodule. Which of the following complications of the surgery best accounts for these findings?6. A 48-year-old man has experienced9. All of the following are associated withmidabdominal pain for several weeks. He is afebrile. There is mild upper abdominal chronic inflammation EXCEPT:A.Preponderance of lymphocytes,tenderness on palpation, and bowel sounds are present. Stool is positive for occult blood. An upper gastrointestinal endoscopy is performed and biopsies are taken. Microscopic examinationmacrophages, and plasma cellsA.Chronic inflammationB.Abscess formationB.Arises de novo or from acuteA.A fluid low in protein content with aC.Allows leukocytes to move from theinflammationspecific gravity of less than 1.020periphery to the center of the column of blood in a vesselsts months to yearsB.A fluid high in protein content with aD.Results in a transudatespecific gravity of less than 1.020D.Macrophages aggregated throughC.A fluid high in protein content with aE.Results in leukocyte pavementing themacrophage inhibiton factor (MIF)specific gravity of more than 1.020adventitia of blood vessels13. All of following are true of neutrophils EXCEPT:ually related to higher levels ofD.A fluid with large amounts oftissue damage than seen in acute inflammation 10. Which one of the following mediators of acute inflammation is chemotactic?neutrophils and necrotic materialA.Phagocytize bacteriaE.Happens before transudate due toA.SerotoninB.Contain oxidases and proteasesC.First on scene after tissue injuryD.Release histamineincreased vascular permeability12. The vascular response in acute inflammationplement 3aC.ProstaglandinsD.Lysosomal proteases A.Is initially a vasodilatation followed byvasoconstrictionE.Life expectancy in tissue is around 4B.Involves the emigration of neutrophilsdaysE.Oxygen radicals into the interestial tissues before other inflammatory cells14. A 56-year-old man has had increasingdifficulty breathing for the past week. Onphysical examination he is afebrile. Auscultation of the chest reveals diminished breath sounds11. An exudate is best described as:and dullness to percussion bilaterally. There is 2+ pitting edema present to the level of the thighs.A chest radiograph reveals bilateral pleural effusions. Which of the following laboratory test findings is he most likely to have? B.Prostaglandins E.Basophils17. A 52-year-old woman with no majormedical problems takes a long airplane flight.Upon arrival at Sydney's Kingsford Smithairport in New South Wales following the flightfrom Los Angeles, California, she cannot puther shoes back on. Which of the following is themost likely explanation for this phenomenon?C.KallikreinD.Hydrogen peroxideA.HypoalbuminemiaB.GlucosuriaE.Leukotriene16. In an experiment, a lung tissue preparation is exposed to Mycobacterium tuberculosis organisms. Over the next week, it is observed that granulomas form in the lung. Within the granuloma there are inflammatory cells expressing class II MHC antigens. These cells elaborate cytokines that promote fibroblastic production of collagen within the granulomas. From which of the following peripheral blood leukocytes are these cells bearing class II antigen most likely to be derived?C.NeutrophiliaD.AnemiaA.Activation of Hageman factor has led to bradykinin productionB.A lot of drinks were served in the firstE.Hypernatremiaclass section.15. A 58-year-old woman had a cough with fever for 3 days. A chest radiograph revealed infiltrates in the right lower lobe. A sputum culture grew Streptococcus pneumoniae. The clearance of these organisms from the lung parenchyma would be most effectively accomplished through generation of which of the following substances by the major inflammatory cell type responding to this infection?C.She didn't take any aspirinD.A cellulitis developed in her legsE.Venous hydrostatic pressure wasA.NeutrophilsB.B cells increased18. A 45-year-old man has had a fever and drycough for 3 days, and now has difficultybreathing and a cough productive of sputum.On physical examination his temperature isC.MonocytesD.NK cellsA.Platelet activating factorFor 09基础by cs38.5℃. Diffuse rales are auscultated over the lower lung fields. A chest radiograph shows a right pleural effusion. A right thoracentesis is performed. The fluid obtained has a cloudy appearance with a cell count showing 5500 leukocytes per microliter, 98% of which are neutrophils. Which of the following terms best describes his pleural process? the following mechanisms has most likelyproduced this series of events?B.Herpes simplex virusC.Escherichia coliA.Hypertrophic scar (keloid) formationB.Development of a fibrosarcoma D.Treponema pallidumC.Poor wound healing from diabetes E.Toxoplasma gondiimellitus 21. A 20-year-old woman sustains an injury toher right calf in a mountain biking accident nearMoab. On physical examination she has a 5cmlong laceration on the right lateral aspect of herlower leg. This wound is closed with sutures.Wound healing proceeds over the followingweek. Which of the following factors will bemost likely to aid and not inhibit wound healingin this patient?A.Serous inflammationD.Foreign body response from suturing B.Purulent inflammationC.Fibrinous inflammationD.Chronic inflammationE.Granulomatous inflammationE.Staphyloccocal wound infection20. A 24-year-old primigravida is late in thesecond trimester of pregnancy. She experiencesthe sudden onset of some cramping lowerabdominal pain. This is immediately followed bypassage of some clear fluid from the vaginaalong with a foul-smelling discharge. The fetus isstillborn two days later. Examination of theplacenta demonstrates extensive neutrophilicinfiltrates in the chorion and amnion. Which ofthe following organisms is most likely to beresponsible for these findings?A.Secondary wound infectionB.Presence of suturesC.Poor tissue perfusionD.Hypoalbuminemia19. A 19-year-old man incurs a stab wound to the chest. The wound is treated in the emergency room. Two months later there is a firm, 3x2cm nodular mass with intact overlying epithelium in the region of the wound. On examination the scar is firm, but not tender, with no erythema.This mass is excised and microscopically shows fibroblasts with abundant collagen. Which of A.Mycobacterium tuberculosisE.Corticosteroid therapy。