中医英语期末考试重点整理
中医英语 重点
1.A hospital usually has two main departments: the outpatient department and the inpatient department.医院通常有两个主要的部门:门诊和住院部门。
2.The herb medicines are used in combination with western medicines in the treatment of a number of diseases, such as acute abdominal conditions, bone fractures, coronary heart diseases, and so on.草本药物是用来结合西药治疗一系列的疾病,例如急性腹部的条件下,骨折,冠状动脉心脏病,等等3.Traditional Chinese Medicine is a discipline dealing with human physiology and pathology, diagnosis, treatment and prevention of diseases.中国传统医学是一门学科处理人类生理、病理、诊断、治疗和预防疾病。
4.It is a theoretical system much influenced by ancient materialism and dialectics, with the doctrine on yin-yang and the concept of holism as its guiding principles, the physiology and pathology of the Zang-fu organs and meridians as its bases, and treatment by differentiation of syndromes (Bianzheng-Lunzhi) as its diagnostic and therapeutic features.这是一个理论体系深受古代唯物主义和辩证法,阴阳学说和整体论的概念作为其指导原则、生理、病理的脏腑、经络为基地,和治疗由分化综合征(Bianzheng-Lunzhi)作为其诊断和治疗功能。
专业中医英语考试期末题及答案
1.The relationship of heart and lungs can also be called ().A Qi and Blood relationship2.As insufficient exposure to sunlight constitute a risk factor for , the aged people are advised to expose themselves to thesunlight to prevent it.C osteoporosis3.The suffix "—" means "process of cutting".B tomy4.When a heart disorder affects the liver or a kidney disorder affects the lung, we call it "disorder in the mother affecting the child".✔5.—comes and goes quickly, moves swiftly, blows intermittently, and sways the branches of the trees.C Wind6.Discontinue using this cream immediately if it makes you feelD itchy7.The combining form "—"means "heart".C cardi/o8.The vital organs in the chest, such as the heart and lungs, are well protected by the cavityformed by ribs, sternum, and vertebrae.C anterior9.The plural form of axilla isB axillas10.The suffix "_" means "tumor".D-oma11.You couldn't have inherited the disease because it is not.D genetic12.If someone is HIV- it means that he/she has the HIV virus.B positive13.abnormalities and defects are anatomic problems that develop before birth.B congenital14.gastrectomyB surgical removal of a part or the whole of the stomach15.The prefix "hyper-" means "D above16.radiusB lateral upper arm bone17.Depression is usually caused by ()C Liver qi stagnation18.The term Zang" in Chinese medicine refers to ().D Five Zang-organs and Six Fu-organs19.means within or administered into a vein.A intravenous20.—arises as a result of either the impaired movement and transformation of fluids associatedwith morbidity of the lung, spleen, and kidney, or the "boiling" of the fluids by depressed fire.B Phlegm21.is the redness of the skinB erythema22.The combining form "crani/o" means "—D skull23.In systemic blood circulation, oxygen-poor blood returns from the tissue in the upper portionof the body through vena cava.D superior24.When ova are not fertilized by , they are to be eliminated from the body.D sperm25.2. Dryness as an evil has characteristics of environmental phenomenon of dryness. Dryness that invades the body from the outside is known as external dryness, and normally occurs in dry regions or in dry weather. ✔26.The controls the growth and division of the cell.B nucleus27.from this medication include nausea and depression.A side effect28.The symptoms of include fever, weight loss, weakness, cough, and as aresult of damage toblood vessels in the lungs,hemoptysis, Le. the coughing up of phlegm containing blood.C tuberculosis29.fall into two large categories: granulocytes and agranulocytes.B leukocytes30.Bone and blood are considered specialized, in which the intercellular matrix is, respectively,hard and liquidA connective tissues31.is a field in medicine that focuses on the health of older people.A geriatrics32.4. Generalized signs of blood stasis include a dull, stagnant facial complexion, green-blue or purple lips and tongue, and stasis macules on the edge of the tongue. The pulse is fine or rough.✔33.The disease is characterized by a sudden onset with high fever, headache, malaise, chills, myalgia, and or pain in the joints.A arthraglia34.9. TCM therapies focus on the illness that the patient contracts rather than the person who is sick.✔35.7. Blood heat may not result from heat toxin entering the blood.✔36.The combining form "my/o"means"A muscle37.The combining form "—" means "joint".A articul/o38.transmissionB sending a message39.If pain disappears and then comes back again, it's referred to as "." pain.C recurrent40.The suggests that your wife is seventeen weeks pregnant.C ultrasound41.6.In Chinese Medicine theory, the movements and mutations of qi explains all physiologic activities of our body.✔42.cells are organized into tissues that peform specific functions. The four basic types are as follows:A epithelial tissues connective tissues muscle tissues nervous tissues43.She may never walk again because her was so badly injured.B spine44.—refers to generalized impairment of the smooth flow of blood, local stagnation of blood inthe vessels, or local accumulation of extravasated blood.B Blood stasis45.It seems your toes are.= swollen and infected.B inflamed46.3. Dietary irregularities may not only affect the spleen and the stomach, causing digestive disturbances, food accumulation, stomach pain, diarrhea, but in cases of excessive liquor consumption and overindulgence in sweet and fatty foods, dietary irregularity may create heat, phlegm, and dampness.✔47.The combining form "angi/o" means "—C vessel48.You shouldn't drive because this medicine might make you feel.A light-headed49.The combining form"—"means "stomach".B gastr/o50.The plural form of bronchus isB bronchi51.When—evil invades the exterior, the patient may complain of physical fatigue, heavy head ,cumbersome limbs.C dampness52.8. A herbology and nature masterpiece, the Ben Cao Gang Mu (Compendium of Materia Medica)compiled by Li Shizhen in the ing Dynasty (1368-1644) was the first book in the world that scientifically categorized medicinal herbs.✔53—.refers to the process of examining the surface of the body by touching to detect the presence of diseases.D Palpation54.urthritisA inflammation of the joint55.The suffix "_"means "inflammation".B -itis56.Dietary irregularities, sexual intemperance and taxation fatigue, external injuries, parasitesbelong to—C neutral cause57.5.The tertiary collaterals refer to the smallest and the thinnest ones of the whole body.✔58.The relationship of lungs and kidney centers on ()A Fluids59.1.Fire evil is characterized by fluctuating generalized fever; fatigued limbs; loss of appetite; oppression in the chest nausea and vomiting; abnormal stool; short voidings of reddish urine; soggy pulse; and thick, slimy tongue fur.✔60.is the inflammation of a vein.A Phlebitis。
医学英语重点
考古挖掘（archaeological excavation）基本生存(basic survival)食疗(dietary therapy) 形成(take shape)湿病(damp ailment)挤压病变部位(press on the affected area)增强感觉(enhance sensation)阐释（shed light on）留下(leave behind)形成基础(form the foundation for)寒病(cold diseases)炎症感染(inflammatory infection) 草药麻醉(herbal anesthesia)保健(maintain wellness) 与…并行run parallel to 临床经验(clinical experience)民间医药folk medicine 给予重视(attach importance to)中西医结合(integration of TCM and Western medicine)免疫系统(immune system) 落脚生根(take hold)有…趋势(have atendency to)口头记载(oral record)始于(date from)食用未煮熟的牛肉(consuming uncookedbeef)各类预防措施(variouspreventive measures)预防伤寒病(guardagainst typhoid)第一本中国药典(thefirst official Chinesepharmacopoeia)在植物治疗学领域(inthe domain ofphytotherapy)跟随中医药的发展(inthe wake of the TCMdevelopment)中医药在欧洲的重大影响(the considerableinfluence of TCM inEurope)精通草药研究(versedin herbal medicine study)从…而来的治疗方法(remedies drawn from)著名中医大师(renowned TCMmasters)他的职务治疗学领域的医学知识(his medicalknowledge in the realmof phytotherapy)由于唐朝商业联系的扩展(due to expandingcommercial relationduring the Tang dynasty)在七世纪后半叶(in thelatter half of the seventycentury)中国文化的魅力(thecharms of Chineseculture)受益于与中医的合作(benefiting from thecooperation with Chinesephysicians)医药管理与教学(theadministration andteaching of medicine)当代中医药著作(contemporary TCMworks)对于此次旅程的描述(the account of thisjourney)唐朝中医药的迅速发展the rapid growth of TCMin the Tang dynasty伤口感染的危险(therisk of infection fromwounds)阴阳学说（theory of yinand yang）阴阳转化(conversionof yin and yang)阳中之阳(yang withinyang)阳中之阴(yin withinyang)身体上部(the upperpart of the body)下部(the lower part ofthe body)内脏(internal organs)疾病发展过程(diseaseprogression)阴阳对立(opposition ofyin and yang)恢复平衡的治疗手段(treatment strategies torestore balance)代谢活动(metabolicactivity)体表(superficial aspectsof the body)疾病治疗(treatment ofdisease)阴虚(yin deficiency)阳气(yang qi)卫气(wei qi)心情.心境state of mind阴性体质(yinconstitution)阴液耗伤(consumption of yin fluid)阳盛overabundant yang 虚证(deficiency syndrome)实证(excess syndrome) 相生顺序(the generating sequence)相克顺序the controlling sequence乘(over-act)肝为心之母(the liver is the mother of the heart) 肾阴滋养肝血kidney yin nourishes liver blood 干预(interfere with)心克肺(the heart controls the lungs)肺主降气(the lungs send qi downwards)肝主升气(the liver spreads qi upwards)引起(give rise to)失去平衡out of balance 失去控制out of control 心火(heart fire)肾阴虚(kidney yin deficiency)谋虑不决lack of assertion健忘(poor memory)纳呆(poor appetite) 纳气(hold qi down)肾病传肝(the kidneyaffects the liver)在临床实践中(inclinical practice)面）青green面）赤red面）萎黄sallow面）白white面）黑dark便溏(loose stools)歌（五声）singing tone ofvoice哭（五声）(weepy voice)呻（五声）(groaning orhusky tone of voice)臊（五嗅）(rancid smell)焦（五嗅）(burned smell)香(五嗅)(fragrant,sweetish smell)腥臭（五嗅）rank orrotten smell腐（五嗅）(putrid smell)酸（五味）(sour taste)苦（五味）(bitter taste)甘（五味）(sweet taste)辛（五味）(pungent taste)咸（五味）(salty taste)口）淡(flat taste)口）粘(sticky taste)视物模糊blurred vision鼻干(dry nostrils)经常喷嚏frequentsneezing脾主运化The spleenrules transformation andtransportation脾主升清The spleenrules rise of the usablesubstancse脾统血The spleengoverns blood肝藏血The liver storesblood气为血之帅Qi is thecommander of blood肝主疏泄The liver rulesflowing and spreading肾为先天之本Thekidneys are the root oflife肾主水The kidneys rulewater肾主纳气The kidneysrule the grasping of qi心藏神The heart storesthe spirit心主血脉The heart rulesblood and blood vessels肺主气The lungs rule qi肺主行水，通调水道Thelungs move and adjustthe water channel基础组织（fundamentaltexture）与…相关with referenceto后天之本the foundationof post-natal existence水谷精微pure nutritiveessences调畅气机(temper andsoften the qi)先天之精(primordialseed of the life)命门之火(life gate fire)肾阴和肾阳(yin andyang of the kidneys)狭义之“神”little spirit广义之“神”bigcomposite spirit娇脏(tender organ)祛除浊气expel impureair有机整体an organicwhole皮疹(skin eruption)鼻咽部不适(nose andthroat disorders)外邪exterior perniciousinfluences风寒(wind cold)风热（wind heat）风燥(wind dryness)湿邪(dampness)肺里实证interior excesslung system disharmony自汗spontaneoussweating肺气虚夹湿(deficient lung qi with dampness) 中药丸(herbal pill)肺阴液不足(deficient fluids of the lung)内燥(internal dryness)盗汗(night sweats)五心烦热five centers heat便溏(loose stools)思虑过度(excessive mental activity)脾气虚deficient spleen qi非经期出血(nonmenstrual uterine bleeding)小便清长(clear,copious urine)形寒肢冷cold extremities and body湿盛(excess damp)渴不欲饮(thirst without the desire to drink)水谷精微essence of drink and food气虚deficiency of qi血虚blood deficiency 补气药herbs for invigorating qi气滞血瘀qi stagnation leading to blood stasis 气的升降出入ascending,descending,exiting and entering of qi腹胀abdominaldistention里急后重tenesmus气不摄血qi fails toconsolidate blood气不行水qi not movingwater水停气滞water stoppingcausing qi blockage津液代谢metabolism ofbody fluids津液的生成、输布与排泄creation,distributionand excretion of bodyfluids气津两虚deficiency ofboth qi and fluid津液积聚fluidaccumulation脏腑之气qi of thezang-fu organs临床实践clinicalpractice与…相同be identicalwith先天之气innate/pre-natal qi后天之气acquired/post-natal qi正气healthy qi真气genuine qi元气original qi宗气pectoral qi卫气defensive qi中气middle qi营气nutritive qi精微物质a refinedessence功能活动functionalactivity气的普通性和特殊性universality andparticularity of qi语声低微a weak voice毛孔开合opening andclosing of the pores气化qi transformation气机qi movement气生血qi generatingblood气行血qi moving blood气摄血qi holding blood气的温煦作用warmingfuction of qi气的防御作defendingfunction of qi气的固摄作用holdingfunction of qi经络学说channel theory十二正经twelve regularchannels运行全身气血transporting qi and bloodin the whole body循行路线circulatingcourse别络divergentcollaterals浮络superficialcollaterals孙络tertiary collaterals奇经八脉eightextraordinary channels经别branch channel十二筋经twelve muscleregions十二皮部twelve skindivisions/cutaneousregions循行方向和交接规律flowing direction andconnecting law循经感传channeltransmissionphenomenon经络现象channelphenomenon经脉循行路线therunning course of thechannels头乃诸阳之会the headbeing the junction of allyoung channels经气channel qi十二经脉twelve channel 阳脉之海sea of the yang channels任主胞胎the Conception Vessel governing the uterus and gestation血海sea of blood经气meridian qi气街pathway of qi根结root and knot十四经fourteen meridians经脉循行the running course of the meridians 经络诊断meridians diagnosis玄府sweat pore直中direct attack循经传transmission along a meridian再经disease involving other meridian过经disease transmitting from one meridian to another经尽disease of one meridian without transmission六经辨证syndrome differentiation according to the six meridian theory 刺经活络needing themeridian to activate thecollateral经络辨证syndromedifferentiation accordingto the meridian theory本经取穴point selectionalong the affectedmeridian针刺麻醉acupunctureanesthesia引经药meridianushering drug循经取穴selectingacupoints along thecourse of a meridian病因aetiology/(diseasecause)发病机制pathogenesis外感六淫attacked by sixexogenous pathogenicfactors七情内伤internalimpairment due to sevenabnormal emotions瘀血痰饮stagnatedblood and phlegmretention其性清扬being markedby dispersion风痰阻络wind-phlegm obstructingthe channelsfacial paralysis腠理闭塞closedmuscular interstitialspace头晕眼花vertigo哮喘asthma下利清谷diarrhea withundigested food寒主收引cold beingcharacterized bycontraction筋脉拘挛spasmodiccontraction of tendons津液耗伤consumptionof body fluids烦躁不安restlessness视物模糊blurred vision胸闷如窒a suffocatingsensation in the chest腻苔sticky or greasy fur头痛目赤headache andeye congestion小便短赤dark scantyurine热扰心神pathogenicheat disturbing the mind双目上翻upward staringof the eyes嗳气腐臭foul belching肥甘厚味greasy andhighly-flavored food七情seven emotions形神统一inseparabilityof the body and mind肝主疏泄the liver beingin charge of flowing andspreading气血调和smooth flow ofqi and blood怒则气上rage causing qito move upward面色潮红flushed face月经不调menstrualirregularities言语不利disturbances ofspeech肺主一身之气the lunggoverning the qi of thewhole body善恐易惊being easilystartled气机flow of qi喜胜悲joy counteractingsadness卫气营血defense-qi-nutrient-bloodphases气脱depletion of qi内生五邪fiveendogenous evils惊悸不安palpitationsand insecurity潮热盗汗tidal fever andnight sweat五味偏嗜flavor predilection饮食不节improper diet 心火上炎rising fo heat in the heart病机disease mechanism 辩证discriminate patterns阴阳失调disharmony of yin and yang变态反应allergy脏腑经络失调disharmony of organ systems and meridians 血行不畅poor circulation of blood面色晄白pale but bright face离经之血blood outside the vessels实热伤津excess heat consuming body fluids 虚热empty heat心肝不和disharmony of the heart and liver systems心血不足deficient heart blood少神deficient shen神乱disturbed shen言语错乱confused speech 身体不适out of sorts疼痛拒按pain thatworsens with pressure自汗spontaneoussweating意识丧失loss ofconsciousness脏器下垂prolapse ofan organ气陷sinking qi病理产物pathologicalproducts水湿痰饮water,damp,phlegm andretained fluid早衰premature aging四肢拘挛convulsion ofthe four extremities脓血便stools containingmucus and even blood脓疮suppurating sore湿润性湿疹weepingeczema下利清谷diarrhea withundigested food肠鸣辘辘intestinalrumblings舌胖有齿痕tonguepuffy with teeth marks腻苔a greasy coat头身困重a heavysensation in the head andbody关节酸痛joint sorenessand pain湿性缠绵难愈dampnesstends to be prolongedand intractable大便粘腻不爽hesitantand viscous stools排尿不畅difficulturination水湿外溢outward flowof dampness脾胃湿盛dampnessfrom the stomach瘰疬痰scrofula andnodular masses经络阻滞blockage ofthe meridians脾胃运化功能失常theimpaired transformativeand transportive functionof the spleen andstomach systems滑数脉slippery and fastpulse白带黄稠臭秽purulent leukorrhea witha foul odor全身水肿generalizededema水液代谢失常disturbance of watermetabolism忧思神疲worry,pensiveness andmental overwork病机传变progression ofpathogenesis湿伤脾阳pathogenicdampness impairs spleenyang养生health cultivation民间知识folkknowledge延长寿命increaselongevity调节饮食regulate diet自然规律natural laws日常生活everyday life恐胜喜fear restricts joy悲胜怒grief blocksanger饮食偏嗜diet preference抗衰老anti-aging七八分饱70-80 percentfull香烟烟雾cigarettesmoke二氧化碳carbon dioxide饮酒alcoholconsumption扩张血管dilate bloodvessel与…相反incontradiction with言传oral transmission 锻炼身体take exercise 物质运动material movement情绪波动emotional fluctuations大怒excessive anger 清洁充足的水源clear and plentiful water sources多种食物diverse foods 房劳sexual stress气功qigong外气external qi动功movement qigong 桩功standing pole qigong静功static qigong双掌合十seal palm symbols意念consciousness认知疗法cognitive therapy抑郁症depression中医观点TCM perspective文献literature高血压hypertension经前综合征premenstrual syndrome 失眠insomnia 句子Unit1：人以天地之气生，四时之法成Man comes to lifethrough the qi of heavenand earth ;He matures inaccordance with the lawsof the four seasons.Uint2：阴阳者，天地之道也，万物之纲纪，变化之父母，生杀之本始Yin and yang arethe law of heaven andearth ,the principles ofall things,the parents ofall changes,the origin oflife and death.Unit3：母病及子，子病及母Disorders of theaffect the son and thoseof the son affect themother.水曰润下Water ischaracterized bymoistening anddownward flowing.Unit4：五藏着，所以藏精神血气魂魄者也The five zang organs arewhat store of theessence,spirit,blood ,qi,yang soul ,and yin soul.所谓五脏藏着，精气而不泄也。
基础中医英语复习要点 (2)
《基础中医英语》复习要点Unit One A History of TCMI Vocabularyailment 失调therapeutic 治疗的pharmacological 药理的arthritis 关节炎manipulation 手法inflammatory 发炎的anesthesis 麻醉prescription 处方debilitate 虚弱appendicitis 阑尾炎stagnation 停滞treatise 论著revival 复兴formula 配方well-deserved 当之无愧的Canon of Medicine 《内经》Huangdi's Canon of Medicine 《黄帝内经》《伤寒杂病论》Compendium of Materia Medica 《本草纲目》Treatise on Cold-Induced and MiscellaneousDiseaseII Termsclinical practice 临床经验press on the affected area 挤压病变部位oral record 口头记载Archaeological excavation 考古挖掘trail and error 反复试验acupuncture and moxibustion 针灸dietary therapy 食疗pharmacological effect 药理作用cold damp ailments 寒湿病form the foundation for 形成...的基础herbal anesthesia 草药麻醉advance in medicine 中医的进步maintain wellness 保健western-trained physician 西医court physician 御医integration of TCM and western medicine 中西医结合abdominal pain 腹痛attach importance to 重视take hold 生根immune system 免疫系统basic survival 基本生存III Key Sentences1. 在丝绢上的有关医药的记载阐释了早期的中医药历史。
(完整word版)中医英语期末复习
U1 Traditional Chinese Medicine：History and Development1.四大经典：黄帝内经：Huangdi`s Cannon of Medicine难经：Classic of Difficulties伤寒杂病论：Treatise on Cold Damage and Miscellaneous Diseases神农本草经：Shengnong`s Classic of Materia Medica2.金元四大家（four great medical schools in the Jin and Y uan Dynasties）及学术观点、学派刘完素——School of Cold and Cool。
believed that “fire—heat”was the main cause of a variety of diseases and these diseases should be treated with drugs cold and cool in nature。
张从正——School of Purgation。
believed that all diseases were caused by exogenous pathogenic factors and advocated that pathogenic factors should be driven out by means of diaphoresis,emesis and purgation。
李杲——School of Reinforcing the Earth。
held that “internal impairment of the spleen and stomach would bring about various diseases”and emphasized that the most important thing in clinical treatment was to warm and invigorate the spleen and stomach。
中医英语复习整理
中医英语复习整理Unit 11.整体医学 Holistic medicine2.整体观念Holistic concept or Holism3.诊断与保健体系a system of diagnosis and health-care approaches4.一套非常成熟的治疗及保健方法A highly sophisticated set of practices designed to cure illness and to maintain health and wellbeing5.草药Herbal remedies6.阴阳平衡：balance of yin and yang; Yin-yang balance; balance between yin and yang7.阴平阳秘：Yin is even (steady) and yang is sound (firm).8.阴阳失调：disharmony of yin and yang; imbalance of yin and yang9.阴阳调和：Harmony of yin and yang10.调和肝胃：Harmonizing the liver and stomach11.中医学Chinese Medicine12针灸Acupuncture13.血汗同源The blood and sweat share the same source.14.中医师Practitioner of Chinese Medicine15.症状和体征Symptoms and (physical) signs16.为每一个体重建和谐与平衡To reestablish harmony and equilibrium for each individual17.宇宙中的万物都是相互依赖、相互作用的Everything in the universe is interdependent and interactive18.将细小的针插入身体的不同穴位The insertion of fine needles into a variety of points in the body19.中医理论 Chinese medical theory20.中医基础理论The fundamental (basic) theories of Chinese medicine21.中医理论体系The theoretical system of Chinese medicine22.神经系统The nervous system23.内分泌系统The endocrine system24.内分泌失调The endocrine disorder25.肺炎的病因Pathological cause of pneumonia26.风、寒、暑、湿、躁、火Wind, cold, summer-heat, dampness, dryness, and fire风邪Wind evil, pathogenic wind27.肝风上头The liver wind going to the head28.病原体Agent of disease29.精确的诊断Precise diagnosis30.失调的证Pattern of disharmony31.临床研究Clinical study32.使证恢复平衡，使个体恢复协调To bring the configuration into balance, to restore harmony to the individual 33.诊断六名胃痛患者患有消化道溃疡病To diagnose six patients with stomach pain as having peptic ulcer disease 34.所有患者患有相同疾病。
中医英语知识点总结
中医英语知识点总结Key Concepts of TCMYin and Yang: TCM is based on the concept of Yin and Yang, which represent the opposing forces that are essential for life. Yin is associated with coolness, darkness, and stillness, while Yang is associated with warmth, brightness, and movement. Health is believed to be maintained through a balance of Yin and Yang within the body.Qi: Qi (pronounced "chee") is the vital energy that flows throughout the body and is essential for maintaining health and vitality. It is believed that illness occurs when the flow of Qi is disrupted or blocked. TCM aims to restore the balance and smooth flow of Qi through various therapies.Five Elements: TCM categorizes the body and the natural world into five elements – Wood, Fire, Earth, Metal, and Water. Each element is associated with specific organs, emotions, seasons, and colors. The interaction and balance of these elements are believed to play a crucial role in maintaining health.Meridians: TCM practitioners believe that energy, or Qi, travels through the body along specific pathways called meridians. These meridians are linked to the organs and are the basis for acupuncture and acupressure therapy.TCM Diagnosis and Treatment MethodsDiagnosis in TCM is based on various methods such as observation, auscultation, olfaction, inquiry, and palpation. Practitioners observe a patient's appearance, listen to their voice and breathing, smell body odors, ask about symptoms and medical history, and feel the body for areas of tenderness, swelling, or other signs of imbalance.Based on the diagnosis, TCM practitioners use a combination of therapies to treat patients. Some of the common treatment methods in TCM include:Acupuncture: This involves the insertion of thin needles into specific points on the body to stimulate the flow of Qi and restore balance. It is used to treat a wide range of conditions such as pain, stress, infertility, and digestive disorders.Herbal Medicine: TCM uses a wide variety of medicinal herbs to create individualized formulas tailored to a patient's specific condition. The herbs are often prescribed in the form of teas, powders, pills, or tinctures.Cupping: This involves placing glass or plastic cups on the skin to create a vacuum that increases blood flow and promotes healing. It is often used to relieve muscle tension, pain, and inflammation.Moxibustion: This involves burning dried mugwort near the skin to warm and stimulate specific acupuncture points. It is often used to treat conditions related to cold and dampness.Dietary Therapy: TCM places a strong emphasis on the role of food in maintaining health. Dietary therapy aims to balance the body through the consumption of specific foods based on a patient's constitution and condition.Massage (Tui Na): This involves various manipulations and techniques to stimulate acupuncture points and meridians. It is used to treat musculoskeletal disorders, stress, and improve overall health.Qi Gong and Tai Chi: These are ancient Chinese practices that combine movement, breath, and meditation to cultivate Qi and promote health and wellbeing.ConclusionTraditional Chinese Medicine is a valuable and rich medical system that continues to be practiced and integrated into modern healthcare around the world. It offers a holistic and individualized approach to health and healing that aims to restore balance and harmony within the body. With its unique concepts, diagnosis methods, and treatment modalities, TCM provides an alternative and complementary option for those seeking natural and holistic healthcare solutions.。
研究生中医英语复习要点
翻译短语1．中国医药学traditional Chinese medicine; TCM2．中医基础理论basic theory of TCM3．临床经验clinical experience4．辨证论治treatment based on syndrome differentiation5．中药学Chinese pharmacy6．针灸acupuncture and moxibustion7．病因学etiology8．方剂prescription; formula9．滋阴降火nourishing yin and reducing fire10．六腑six fu-organs11．整体观念holism12．社会属性social attribute13．诊断学diagnostics14．邪正关系relationship between pathogenic factors and healthy qi 15．治疗学therapeutics16．风寒感冒common cold due to wind and cold17．同病异治treatment of the same disease with different remedies 18．异病同治treatment of different diseases with the same remedy 19．疾病本质nature of disease20．相互转化mutual transformation21．寒极生热extreme cold turning into heat22．相互消长mutual wane-wax23．相互制约mutual restriction24．相互依存interdependence25．五行学说the doctrine of five elements26．相乘相侮subjugation and counter-restriction27．土虚木乘deficient earth being subjugated by wood28．生克制化inhibition-development with generation and restriction 29．母病及子involvement of a child- organ by its mother-organ disorder 30．藏象学说doctrine of visceral manifestations31．奇恒之腑extraordinary fu-organs32．水谷精微essence of water and food33．临床实践clinical practice34．藏而不泻storage without discharge/excretion35．心气充沛sufficiency of heart qi36．血液充盈sufficiency of blood37．汗血同源sweat and blood sharing the same origin38．脾主运化the spleen governing transportation and transformation 39．后天之本origin of acquired constitution40．奇恒之腑extraordinary fu-organs41．上焦upper energizer42．泌别清浊separating the lucid from the turbid43．初步消化primary digestion44．月经来潮occurrence of menstruation45．先天禀赋innateness46．水液代谢water metabolism47．气机调畅smoothness of qi movement48．气机qi movement49．气化qi transformation50．先天之气innate qi51．后天之气acquired qi52．气生血qi generating blood53．气行血qi propelling blood54．津血同源body fluid and blood sharing the same origin55．气为血帅，血为气母Qi serves as commander of blood and blood does as mother of qi 56．益气固脱nourishing qi to stop collapse57．经络学说meridian theory58．经络系统meridian system59．十二正经twelve regular meridians60．奇经八脉eight extraordinary meridians61．十二经别twelve meridians’divergences62．外感六淫six exogenous pathogenic factors63．风邪外袭pathogenic wind attacking the exterior64．感受寒邪attack/invade by pathogenic cold65．阴虚生内热production of endogenous heat due to yin deficiency66．七情内伤internal impairment due to seven emotions67．体质强弱(body )constitutional state68．五心烦热feverish sensation in the five centers (palms, soles, and chest)69．五志过极extreme changes of five emotions70．阴阳互损mutual involvement of yin and yang71．精充气足sufficient essence and abundant qi72．肌肤甲错squamous and dry skin73．预后良好favorable prognosis74．脉象pulse conations75．表里同病disease involving both exterior and interior76．寒热错杂co-existence of cold and heat/ mixture of cold and heat 77．真寒假热true cold with false heat78．寒证化热cold syndrome transforming into heat one79．热证转寒transformation of heat syndrome into cold one 80．潮热盗汗tidal fever and night sweating81．中草药Chinese medicinal herbs82．四气五味four properties and five flavors83．燥湿健脾drying dampness to invigorate the spleen84．升降沉浮ascending, descending, sinking and floating85．归经channel tropism of medicines86．用药禁忌medication contraindication87．方剂学science of prescription88．方剂的加减modification of a prescription89．剂型与剂量drug form and dosage90．药物毒性toxicity of medicinal herb91．引经报使guiding action92．药物饮片herbal slice93．针灸疗法acupuncture and moxibustion (therapy)94．针刺补泻reinforcing and reducing95针刺止痛analgesia by acupuncture96．针刺麻醉acupuncture anesthesia97．耳针疗法ear acupuncture (therapy)98．提插捻转lifting, thrusting, twisting and rotating (techniques)翻译句子1．中国医药学有数千年的历史，是中国人民长期同疾病作斗争的经验总结。
医学英语期末重点总结
医学英语期末重点总结一、绪论医学英语作为医学专业的一门重要的外语课程，学习和掌握医学英语的基本知识和技能对于医学专业的学生来说是非常重要的。
在医学英语的学习过程中，学生们需要掌握医学领域的词汇和表达方式，了解医学英语的语法和用法规范，培养良好的听、说、读、写的能力，并能够在医学实践中灵活运用所学知识。
本文将对医学英语期末考试的重点内容进行总结和归纳，以便学生们能够有针对性地复习和备考。
二、医学英语的基础知识1. 医学英语的词汇医学英语的词汇是医学专业学生需要掌握的基本知识之一。
学生们需要熟悉常用的医学术语和词汇，包括疾病、症状、治疗方法、药物等方面的词汇。
在词汇学习中，学生们可以通过阅读医学材料和参考专业词典来增加词汇量，并进行词汇的积累和整理。
2. 医学英语的语法和用法医学英语的语法和用法规范是医学英语学习的重要内容之一。
学生们需要掌握医学英语的基本语法知识和句式结构，并能够正确地运用所学的语法规则。
在语法学习中，学生们可以通过阅读医学文献和参考相关的语法书籍进行学习和练习。
3. 医学英语的听、说、读、写能力医学英语的听、说、读、写能力是学生们在医学英语学习中需要培养和提高的基本技能。
学生们可以通过听录音、参加听力训练班和英语口语角等方式来提高听力和口语能力；通过阅读医学文献、做阅读理解题和写作练习等方式来提高阅读和写作能力。
三、医学英语的实践应用1. 医学英语的听力实践医学英语的听力实践是学生们在医学英语学习中需要重点关注和实践的内容之一。
学生们可以通过听录音和参加听力训练班等方式来提高听力能力，并能够听懂医学讲座、医生的病情说明和病人的病史等。
2. 医学英语的口语实践医学英语的口语实践是学生们在医学英语学习中需要针对性地进行的实践活动。
学生们可以参加英语口语角、医学英语演讲比赛等口语实践活动，提高口语表达和交流能力，并能够与外国医生、病人和同行进行有效的沟通。
3. 医学英语的阅读实践医学英语的阅读实践是学生们在医学英语学习中需要重点进行的实践活动。
中医英语重点
一、Ａ词译1.tumor:a mass ofdiseased cells in thebody which divide andincrease too quickly肿瘤，肿块2.anesthesia:the state ofbeing unable to feelpain麻醉3.formula:a prescriptionof ingredients in fixedproportion配方，组方4.pharmacological:related to the scientific studyof drugs and medicines药理的1.Ophthalmology:medical science dealing withdiseases of the eye眼科学2.Aromatic:having apleasant noticeablesmell芳香的xative: a drugtending to stimulateevacuation of thebowels通便的4.Alimentary:of food anddigestion食物及消化的5.Paediatrics:thebranch of medicineconcerned withchildren and theirdieases儿科学6.Phytotherapy:the useof vegetable drugs inmedicine 植物治疗法，本草疗法二、1.chronic:recurringconstantly慢性的2.anatomy:scientificstudy of the structure ofanimal bodies解剖结构3.assimilation:theconversion ofnutriments into livingtissue吸收，消化4.pathogen:somethingthat causes disease inyour body病原体5.syndrome:an illnesswhich consists of a setof physical or mentalproblems综合征1.stamina:physical ormental strength毅力，持久力2.constitution:conditionof a person’s body withregard tohealth,strength,ect. 体格，体质3.dehydration: loss ofwater from the body orfrom an organ or a bodypart脱水4.hyperactive:abnormallyor extremely active活动过度的，机能亢进的三、1.physiology:the branchof biology that dealswith the normalfunctions of livingorganisms and theirparts生理学2.excretion:the process ofeliminating or expellingwaste matter(生物体和细胞中)排泄，分泌3.nausea:feeling ofsickness with aninclination to vomit恶心，作呕4.palpitation:a noticeablyrapaid,strong,orirregular heartbeat dueto agitation,exertion,orillness 心悸5.irritability:having orshowing a tendency tobe easily annoyed ormade angry易怒，烦躁1.deficiency:a lack orshortage缺乏，不足2.retention:the continuedpossession,use,orcontrol of sth保留，保持3.groan:make a deepinarticulate sound inresponse to pain ordespair呻吟4.subdue:overcome,quieten,or bring undercontrol(a feeling orperson)克制，抑制四、1.ambience:the specialatmosphere or moodcreated by a particularenvironment环境，气氛2.inhalation:breathe inair,smoke,or gas吸入3.volition:the power tochoose or decidesomething withoutbeing forced to do it意志力，自愿选择4.disposition:particulartype of character性情脾气1.lethargy:feeling as ifone has no energy andno interest in doinganything无精打采，瞌睡2.distention:swelling orbeing swollen腹胀3.syndrome:an illnesswhich consists of a setof physical or mentalproblems综合征plexion:the naturalcolour or appearance ofthe skin on face面色五、1.stagnate:not circularingor flowing停滞，瘀滞2.abdomen:a part of thebody below the chestthat includes thestomach and bowels腹部3.excrete:eliminate by anormal discharge分泌，排泄4.expulsion:the act ofsending or driving asubstanse out of bodyor a container排出5.diarrhea:abdominalfrequence and liquidityof fecal discharges.腹泻1.extremities:the part ofthe body that arefarthest from thecentre,especially thehands and feet（人体的）末端，四肢，手足2.pathogenic:able tocause disease致病的3.pectoral:relating to orconnecting with thechest胸部的4.pore:holes in the skinthat sweat can passthrough毛孔，气孔六、1.acupunture:method ofpricking the tissues ofthe human body withfine needles in order tocure disease,to relievepain or as a localanesthetic针刺疗法，针治2.cutaneous:of,relating ,to,or affecting the skin皮肤的3.acupoint:locations onthe body that are thefocus of acupuncture腧穴？4.congestion:excessiveaccumulation of bloodor qther fluid in a bodypart充血5.homeostasis:the abilityor tendency of anorganism or a cell tomaintain internalequilibrium by adjustingits physiologicalprocesses.内环境稳定，体液平衡1.meridian:any of thechannels through whichvital energy is believedto circulate round thebody经脉2.metabolism:thecomplex of physical andchemical processesoccuring within a livingcell or organism that arenecessary for themaintenance of life新陈代谢plication:anydisease or disorder thatoccurs during thecourse of (or because of)another disease并发症4.replenish:make full orcomplete again bysupplying what hasbeen used up or islacking5.补充6.dyspepsia:a disorder ofdigestive functioncharacterized bydiscomfort or heartburnor nausea消化不良七、1.pathogenesis:theoccurrence,development of a2.disease致病原因，发病3.exogenous:derived ororiginating externally外生的（外界产生的，由外生长的）4.hematuria:the presenceof blood in urine血尿5.phlegm:abnormal thickmucus secreted by themucosa of therespiratory passagesduring certain infectionsprocesses痰6.ulcer:open sorecontaining poisonousmatter on the outsideof the body or on thesurface of an internalorgan溃疡1.anorexia:loss ofappetite,especially as aresult of a disease厌食，食欲不振2.psoriasis:an abnormallylow level of glucose inthe blood低血糖症八、1.insomnia:inability tosleep失眠2.grumpy:bad-tempered脾气坏的3.prolapse:a condition inwhich an organ of thebody has slippedforward or down脱垂，脱出1.disrupt:cause disorderin sth将某事物弄乱，扰乱2.pensiveness:deeoserious thoughtfulness冥想的，忧虑的3.melancholy:deepsadness which lasts forsome tim悲伤，忧郁，忧伤e九、1.detrimental:causingharm or injury有害的，不利的2.alleviate:providephysical relief,as frompain减轻，缓和1.meditation:contemplation of spiritual matters沉思，坐禅2.premenstrual:of orrelating to or occuringduring the period justbefore menstruation经期前3.ailment:illness,esp aslight one疾病填空1.Hua Tuo is credited withbeing the first surgeonin the world to developand useanesthesia ,alsofurthering the limitedChinese knowledge ofanatomy.2.Acupuncture is one ofthe most effecitiveforms of alternativetherapy ,which helpstreat many types ofdebilitating conditionsand a variety ofailments.使虚弱3.It has been assumedthat various disorders inthe autonomic nervoussystem ,such ashormonaldisturbances ,may benormalized duringauricular acupuncture.标准化4.The incidence ofadhesions followingabdominal surgery iscumulative withmultiple surgeries andfemale gynecologicalsurgeries give aparticularly high rate ofadhesions.腹部的5.TCM has a lot oftherapeutic methods inthe treatment ofhypertension,includingmedication,acupuncture,etc.治疗的1.In china ,Westernmedicine is oftenregarded as moreeffective in acutesituations or where theaetiology isknown,while TCM ismore effective forimmune conditions orchornic illness.病因学2.It was said that by theuse of pulsology achinese practitionercould describe thesymptoms and pasthistory of a patientwithout even seeingthe patient. 脉学3.The ophthalmology ofTCM features a longhistory evidences bymultiple records,suchas the “eye diseases”recorded in oraclebone inascriptionsfound in Yin ruins. 眼科学4.Herbalism,also knownas phytotherapy is thefoik and traditionalmedicinal practicebased on the use ofplants and plantextracts. 植物治疗法，本草疗法5.Semiology is thescience of the signs orsymptoms of disease.符号学，症状学1.When we expand andfill out chests withair,we are in the yangphase ofrespiration,when weexhale and empty ourlungs,we are in thecontractive yin phase.呼吸作用2.Our personalities resultfrom the complexinterplay between ourenvironment.相互影响3.Tourists are morevulnerable toattack,because they donot know which areasof the city to avoid.易受伤害的，脆弱的4.The symptoms areexcessive fatigue,eitherin the form of chronic oracute attacks.急性的5.The findings show ingeneral terms thatcontraction of the brainbegins sooner in peopleIn the country than inthe town.收缩1.This traditional chineseherbal medicinemodulates eatingbehavior and themalresponse induced bytumor necrosis factor inrats.调节，调整2.The limitationa ofcognitive functioningwill cause a child withmental retardation tolearn and develop moreslowly than a typicalchild.妨碍，延迟3.Summer heat deriveafrom overabundantyang heat in summer,sowhen it attacks thebody,yang qi of thebody will be extremelyexuberant(活跃).太丰富的，亢盛4.The new initiative isexpected to stimulateadditional scientificexchange andcollaboration on TCMbetween individualscientists and researchinstitutions in bothcountries.刺激，激发促使5.Hyperactivity,orexcessive stirring mostlyis the result of an excessof yang qi,whether thatexcess be a true excessor only a relative excess.活动过度的，机能亢进的1.If the spleen dose notmake enough blood,theheart will suffer andpalpitations,insomnia,poor memory and slightdepression will ensue.失眠2.It is only when thecontrolling function getsout of hand(in whichcase it is called“over-acting”)that theliver can actuallyinterfere with andimpair the stomach andspleen functions. 损害，削弱，减少3.The slpeen activity intrangforming andtransporting fluids isessential to the kidneys’transformation andexcretion of fluids. (生物体和细胞中)排泄，分泌4.The spleen (representedby the earth element)transforms andtransports the essentialnutrients to replenishthe lungs.补足1.If a patient is sufferingfrom heart trouble andhas a darkcomplexion,it may beexplained as watersubjugating fire.面色，肤色2.The transportation andtransformation of thespleen is able to subduethe qverflowing ofkidney water.3.Normal humanphysiological activitiesare understood as therelative balance andharmonization betweenyin and yang.和睦4.Urinary retention ischaracterised by poorurinary stream withintermittentflow,straining,a sense ofincomplete voiding andhesitancy.1.The film is not suitablefor people of a nervousdisposition.2.In a humanpharmaceutical(制药的)factory the synthesis ofa useful chemical needsa production line.合成，生成1.Pernicious anemia(贫血)is a severe form ofanemia that issomething fatal.有害的，致命的2.The swop(交换) did notcome to light untilarlena,who sufferedfrom a congenital heartdefect,had to undergosurgery先天的，天生的3. A pediatrician said thebruising would havecaused a degree ofdistress wheninflicted,but it wouldhave been temporaty.瘀伤，擦伤4.Of 225 new patientsattending ouradolescent gynecology（妇科）clinic in1992,167 presentedwith menstrualdisturbances.月经的5.When she wasthirty-six,she had hadan operation to repair auterine prolapse. 脱垂，脱出1.Vitamins and mineralsare essential for theproper growth andmetabolism of a livingorganism.新陈代谢2.Gradual deterioration ofspecific tissues,cells, ororgans withcorrespondingimpairment or loss offunction are caused byinjury,disease,or aging.损伤3.Angina pectoris due tostagnation of qi andblood stasis can betrested by herbalpreparations. 停滞，瘀滞4.Blood disorders aregenerally divided intohemorrhage,bloodstasis and deficiency.血行停滞5.Phlegm accumulateswhen the lungs areirritated,and when themoisture of the body isoverheated bypathogenic qi.积累，积聚1.Local factors in the skinunrelated to allergysuch as sweating andoverhydration tend toaggravate eczema.湿疹2.Burning pain is oftenapplied to the sensationof active pepticulceration.溃疡3.This class of medicine isconsidered first-linetherapy when nasalcongestion is primarysymptom of thepatient’s rhinitis.充血1.Acupuncture forfunctional dyspepsiahas been proved to beeffective in clinics,butits benefit is lack ofstrong evidence.消化不良2.Pneumonia is one of thecommom complicationsfaced by bed-riddenpatients.并发症3. A foot massage is goodfor stimulating bloodcirculation.按摩，推拿4.Persistent gastritis canbe a symptom of agastric ulcer orpernicious anemia orstomach cancer orother disorders.有害的，恶性的5.He presented withstiffness,severe musclepain and swelling of allof his extremities,withnumbness and tinglingin his distal extremities.远端的1.Those who suffer fromParkinson’s Disease orsimilar disorders can’tmaintain enoughequilibrium to ride abike.平衡2.Patients withpulmonary congestionoften experienceincreasing shortness ofbreath,most oftenduring exertion or whilelying down.充血3.Gout（痛风）has beenreferred to as the richman’s disease;it isthought thatoverindulgence inalcohol and rich foodsattribute to this painfulcondition. 过度沉溺，嗜好4.If the patient developssuch symptoms asnausea,vomiting anddizziness,the use of thisdrug should beabandoned.发展5. A person with severedepression has little orno interest in work orhobbies,and may evenhave trouble getting outof bed.抑郁1.The report ascribes therise in childhoodasthma to the increasein pollution.把…归因于2.Frequent bowelmovement is a sign ofdisturbance of thestomach and intestines.中断，打扰，干扰3.Drug residues inanimal-derived foodproducts are animportant considerationfor consumers.残渣4.Venous blood isdepleted of oxygen bythe tissues and returnsto the lungs foroxygenation.耗空1.Atherosclerosis is thenarrowing of thearteries due to thehardening of the bloodvesseles and deposit offatty tissue.沉淀物2.Coronary heartdisease,including anginapectoris,is thedisturbance of bloodsupply to the heart.中断，打搅，打扰3.When qi is deficient andunable to maintainsufficient and smoothblood circulation,thepatient will havepalpitations,oppressionof thechest,spontaneoussweating and shortnessof breath.自发的，自然产生的4.The exuberance ofpathogens results in anexcess syndrome,whilethe depletion ofessence qi may bring ona deficiency syndrome.弄空，竭尽5.Ascending,descending,exiting and entering arethe basic forms of qimovement.降6.Deficiency of yang leadsto exogenous cold,whiledeficiency of yin causesendogenous heat.内生的，内源的1．In the refugee centerswe saw many chilerenwhose stomachs weredistended because oflack of food.膨胀2．Heretofore,doctors havetried low fatsdiets toreduce the cholesterolin the blood.胆固醇1.For thousands ofyears,a healthy diet wasconsidered as thecrucial approch tolongevity.长寿，长命2.Tcm intervention couldeffectively control andalleviate the symptomsand prevent the diseasefrom exacerbation.减轻，缓和3.Massage can dilateblood vessels,raise skintempersture and relaxthe mind and body.扩大，膨胀4.Ifyou are hungry,eat alight meal or snack ahalf hour beforepractice,but ifpossible,abstain fromeating.戒酒，戒除1.Red tea contains nocaffeine and has beenshown to help easecases of hypertension.高血压ing qigong therapy orteaching qigongpractice can alleviatesome of the symptomsof an ailment.疾病3.Asthma is acommon,chronicdisorder of therespiratory system thatcan cause dangerousattacks that makebreathing difficult.气喘，哮喘4.in traditional chinesemedicine,meditationmay be practiced as astill form with nophysical movement andas a moving form,suchas in qigong and taijiquan. 沉思，坐禅5.Clinical evidence hassuggested that theappropriate use of TCMwith mpdernantidiabetic drugs canprevent or amelioratethe development ofdiabetic complications.改善，改良翻译术语1.阴阳转化conversion ofyin anf yang2.阳中之阳yang withinyang3.阴阳对立opposition ofyin and yang4.代谢活动metabolicactivity虚证deficiency syndrome实证excess syndrome1.相生顺序thegenerating sequence2.相克顺序thecontrolling sequence3.肾阴虚kidney yindeficiency4.纳呆poor appetite5.肾病传肝thekidney(mother)affectsthe liver(child)1.脾主运化the spleenrules transpormationand transportation2.气为血之帅qi is thecommander of blood3.肝主疏泄the liver rulesflowing and spreading4.肾主纳气the kidneysrules the grasping of qi5.藏象visceral state1.外邪exterior perniciousinfluences2.自汗spontaneoussweating3.五心烦热five centersheat4.便溏loose stools5.形寒肢冷coldextremities and body6.渴不欲饮thirstwithout the desire todrink1.水谷精微essence ofdrink and food2.气滞血瘀qi stagnationleading to blood stasis3.气不摄血qi fails toconsolidate blood4.水停气滞waterstopping causing qiblockage1.元气original qi2.宗气pectoral qi3.卫气defensive qi4.营气nutritive qi1.经络学说channeltheory2.十二正经twelveregular channels3.奇经八脉eightextraordinary channels1.经脉循行the runningcourse of the meridians2.六经辨证syndromedifferentiationaccording to the sixmeridian theory3.经络辩证syndrome thedifferentiation4.according to themeridian theory5.循经取穴selectingacupoints along thecourse of a meridian1.发病机制pathogenesis2.外感六淫attacked bysix exogenouspathogenic factors3.七情内伤internalimpairment due toseven abnormalemotions4.瘀血痰饮stagnatedblood and phlegmretention5.下利清谷diarrhea withundigested food1．月经不调menstrualirregularities2．惊悸不安palpitationsand insecurity3．饮食不节improper diet1．病机diseasemechanism2．脏器下垂prolapse ofan organ3．病理产物pathologicalproducts1.脓血便stoolscontaining mucus andeven blood2.大便粘腻不爽hesitantand viscous stools1.养生health cultivation2.饮食偏嗜dietpreference。
基础中医英语复习要点.doc
《基础中医英语》复习要点Unit One A History of TCMI.在终绢上的旮关医药的记载闹释了早期的屮医药历史。
The medical texts written on silk shed light on the early history of TCM. 2. 为了向大众传播针灸知识，葛洪写了《肘后备急方）。
Ge Hong wrote A Handbook of Prescriptions for Emergencies in order to spread the knowledge of acupuncture and moxibustion to the masses.3. 《内经》记载，邂病耑要热药來治，热病耑要洚药米氏，这个原则在临床屮沿用至今。
Canon of Medicine states that cold diseases should be treated with hot herbs, and hot diseases should be treated with cold herbs. This principle is still followed in clinical practice.4. 《针灸资企经》足宋代敁車:要的民7:著作之一，书中王执中融入了民间厌生的行氏经验。
One of the important books in the Song dynasty was Classic of Nourishing Life with Acupuncture and Moxibustion, in which Wang Zhizhong incorporated the clinical experiences of the practitioners of folk medicine.5.布中国许多受两民教育的民生和科学家开始进行针刺，艾灸，屮苹药的研宄，屮两民两个系统逐步融合开始。
基础中医英语复习要点 (2)
The generating 相生顺 The liver spread qi upward 肝主生气
sequence
序
The controlling 相克顺 Heart fire dry up the lung 心火消灼津
sequence
序
fluids
液
The over-acting 相乘顺 Kidney yin deficiency
动
yang
upper body
身体上 holistic approach to 用整体的观念看
部
health and well-being 待健康
III Key Sentences 1. Chinese medical theory, though scientific in its own right, is built on a foundation of ancient philosophical thought. 中医理论是一种建立在古代哲学思想的基础之上科学理论。 2. Yin and yang are quite similar to the notion of dialectics as expressed in western philosophy. 阴阳与西方哲学中辩证法的概念十分相似。 3. It is important to remember that yin and yang are not static concept and that they are constantly influencing and determining one another. 阴阳不是一成不变的，而是不断地相互影响、相互转化，记住这一点 尤为重要。 4. Not only do yin and yang balance each other, but they mutually generate one another. 阴阳平衡，相互资生。 5. 阴阳理论是中医理论系统的重要组成部分，并贯穿于该系统的各个方 面。
中医英语复习整理
中医英语复习整理八页Unit 11.整体医学 Holistic medicine2.整体观念Holistic concept or Holism3.诊断与保健体系a system of diagnosis and health-care approaches4.一套非常成熟的治疗及保健方法A highly sophisticated set of practices designed to cure illness and to maintain health and wellbeing5.草药Herbal remedies6.阴阳平衡： balance of yin and yang; Yin-yang balance; balance between yin and yang7.阴平阳秘：Yin is even (steady) and yang is sound (firm).8.阴阳失调：disharmony of yin and yang; imbalance of yin and yang9.阴阳调和：Harmony of yin and yang10.调和肝胃：Harmonizing the liver and stomach11.中医学Chinese Medicine12针灸Acupuncture13.血汗同源The blood and sweat share the same source.14.中医师Practitioner of Chinese Medicine15.症状和体征Symptoms and (physical) signs16.为每一个体重建和谐与平衡To reestablish harmony and equilibrium for each individual17.宇宙中的万物都是相互依赖、相互作用的Everything in the universe is interdependent and interactive18.将细小的针插入身体的不同穴位The insertion of fine needles into a variety of points in the body19.中医理论 Chinese medical theory20.中医基础理论The fundamental (basic) theories of Chinese medicine21.中医理论体系The theoretical system of Chinese medicine22.神经系统The nervous system23.内分泌系统The endocrine system24.内分泌失调The endocrine disorder25.肺炎的病因Pathological cause of pneumonia26.风、寒、暑、湿、躁、火Wind, cold, summer-heat, dampness, dryness, and fire风邪Wind evil, pathogenic wind27.肝风上头 The liver wind going to the head28.病原体Agent of disease29.精确的诊断Precise diagnosis30.失调的证Pattern of disharmony31.临床研究Clinical study32.使证恢复平衡，使个体恢复协调To bring the configuration into balance, to restore harmony to the individual 33.诊断六名胃痛患者患有消化道溃疡病To diagnose six patients with stomach pain as having peptic ulcer disease 34.所有患者患有相同疾病。
中医英语重点
1 ．中国医药学 traditional Chinese medicine; TCM2 ．中医基础理论 basic theory of traditional Chinese medicine3 ．临床经验 clinical experience4 ．辨证论治 treatment based on syndrome differentiation5 ．本草 materia medica16 ．医疗实践 medical practice17 ．治疗原则 therapeutic principles18 ．寒凉药物 herbs cold and cool in nature19 ．滋阴降火 nourishing yin to reduce fire20 ．瘀血致病 diseases caused by blood stagnation1 ．中国医药学有数前年的历史，是中国人民长期同疾病作斗争的经验总结。
TCM, a medical system with a history of thousands of years is the summary of the experience of the Chinese people accumulating in their struggle against disease.2．中医学在古代唯物论和辩证法思想的影响和指导下，通过长期的医疗实践，逐步形成并发展成为独特的医学理论体系。
Under the guidance of classic materialism and dialectics, TCM has eventually evolved into a unique medical system through long term medical practice.3 ．中医学是研究人体生理、病理以及疾病的诊断和防治的一门科学。
TCM is a science focusingon the study of physiology andpathology as well as diagnosis, prevention and treatment of diseases.4．《黄帝内经》总结了春秋战国以来的医疗成就和治疗经验，确立了中医学的独特的理论体系，成为中医药学发展的基础。
基础中医英语复习要点 (2)
《基础中医英语》复习要点Unit One A History of TCMI Vocabularyailment 失调therapeutic 治疗的pharmacological 药理的arthritis 关节炎manipulation 手法inflammatory 发炎的anesthesis 麻醉prescription 处方debilitate 虚弱appendicitis 阑尾炎stagnation 停滞treatise 论著revival 复兴formula 配方well-deserved 当之无愧的Canon of Medicine 《内经》Huangdi's Canon of Medicine 《黄帝内经》《伤寒杂病论》Compendium of Materia Medica 《本草纲目》Treatise on Cold-Induced and MiscellaneousDiseaseII Termsclinical practice 临床经验press on the affected area 挤压病变部位oral record 口头记载Archaeological excavation 考古挖掘trail and error 反复试验acupuncture and moxibustion 针灸dietary therapy 食疗pharmacological effect 药理作用cold damp ailments 寒湿病form the foundation for 形成...的基础herbal anesthesia 草药麻醉advance in medicine 中医的进步maintain wellness 保健western-trained physician 西医court physician 御医integration of TCM and western medicine 中西医结合abdominal pain 腹痛attach importance to 重视take hold 生根immune system 免疫系统basic survival 基本生存III Key Sentences1. 在丝绢上的有关医药的记载阐释了早期的中医药历史。
中医英语期末考试复习精要
课后习题重点短语翻译1．中国医药学traditional Chinese medicine; TCM2．中医基础理论basic theory of TCM3．临床经验clinical experience4．辨证论治treatment based on syndrome differentiation5．中药学Chinese pharmacy6．针灸acupuncture and moxibustion7．病因学etiology8．方剂prescription; formula9．滋阴降火nourishing yin and reducing fire10．六腑six fu-organs11．整体观念holism12．社会属性social attribute13．诊断学diagnostics14．邪正关系relationship between pathogenic factors and healthy qi 15．治疗学therapeutics16．风寒感冒common cold due to wind and cold17．同病异治treatment of the same disease with different remedies 18．异病同治treatment of different diseases with the same remedy 19．疾病本质nature of disease20．相互转化mutual transformation21．寒极生热extreme cold turning into heat22．相互消长mutual wane-wax23．相互制约mutual restriction24．相互依存interdependence25．五行学说the doctrine of five elements26．相乘相侮subjugation and counter-restriction27．土虚木乘deficient earth being subjugated by wood28．生克制化inhibition-development with generation and restriction 29．母病及子involvement of a child- organ by its mother-organ disorder 30．藏象学说doctrine of visceral manifestations31．奇恒之腑extraordinary fu-organs32．水谷精微essence of water and food33．临床实践clinical practice34．藏而不泻storage without discharge/excretion35．心气充沛sufficiency of heart qi36．血液充盈sufficiency of blood37．汗血同源sweat and blood sharing the same origin38．脾主运化the spleen governing transportation and transformation 39．后天之本origin of acquired constitution40．奇恒之腑extraordinary fu-organs41．上焦upper energizer42．泌别清浊separating the lucid from the turbid43．初步消化primary digestion44．月经来潮occurrence of menstruation45．先天禀赋innateness46．水液代谢water metabolism47．气机调畅smoothness of qi movement48．气机qi movement49．气化qi transformation50．先天之气innate qi51．后天之气acquired qi52．气生血qi generating blood53．气行血qi propelling blood54．津血同源body fluid and blood sharing the same origin55．气为血帅，血为气母Qi serves as commander of blood and blood does as mother of qi56．益气固脱nourishing qi to stop collapse57．经络学说meridian theory58．经络系统meridian system59．十二正经twelve regular meridians60．奇经八脉eight extraordinary meridians61．十二经别twelve meridians’divergences62．外感六淫six exogenous pathogenic factors63．风邪外袭pathogenic wind attacking the exterior64．感受寒邪attack/invade by pathogenic cold65．阴虚生内热production of endogenous heat due to yin deficiency66．七情内伤internal impairment due to seven emotions67．体质强弱(body )constitutional state68．五心烦热feverish sensation in the five centers (palms, soles, and chest) 69．五志过极extreme changes of five emotions70．阴阳互损mutual involvement of yin and yang71．精充气足sufficient essence and abundant qi72．肌肤甲错squamous and dry skin73．预后良好favorable prognosis74．脉象pulse conations75．表里同病disease involving both exterior and interior76．寒热错杂co-existence of cold and heat/ mixture of cold and heat 77．真寒假热true cold with false heat78．寒证化热cold syndrome transforming into heat one79．热证转寒transformation of heat syndrome into cold one80．潮热盗汗tidal fever and night sweating81．中草药Chinese medicinal herbs82．四气五味four properties and five flavors83．燥湿健脾drying dampness to invigorate the spleen84．升降沉浮ascending, descending, sinking and floating85．归经channel tropism of medicines86．用药禁忌medication contraindication87．方剂学science of prescription88．方剂的加减modification of a prescription89．剂型与剂量drug form and dosage90．药物毒性toxicity of medicinal herb91．引经报使guiding action92．药物饮片herbal slice93．针灸疗法acupuncture and moxibustion (therapy)94．针刺补泻reinforcing and reducing95针刺止痛analgesia by acupuncture96．针刺麻醉acupuncture anesthesia97．耳针疗法ear acupuncture (therapy)98．提插捻转lifting, thrusting, twisting and rotating (techniques)99.热证转寒heat syndrome transforming into cold syndrome100舌淡苔白而润滑pale tongue with white, moist and slippery fur101.脉数无力rapid and weak pulse102.潮热盗汗tidal fever and night sweating103.神昏谵语coma with delirium104. 疾病的发生发展与变化occurrence, development, and changes of disease 105. 体质强弱(body )constitutional state106. 气血功能紊乱dysfunction of qi and blood107.多种多样的病理变化various pathological changes108. 邪正盛衰exuberance or decline of pathogenic factors and healthy qi/ strength contrast bet ween pathogenic factors and healthy qi109. 病症的虚实变化deficiency or excess changes of disease /transformation between deficiency and excess during a disease句型翻译1．中国医药学有数千年的历史，是中国人民长期同疾病作斗争的经验总结。
中医英语期末考试
中医英语复习课内容Jun 22nd问诊：--Chief complaints--Patient history: including pulse, tongue, complexion(面色)--Diagnosis(four examinations and eight principles四诊八纲)--Prescription strategyDifferences in treating a western patient:--explain more prescription and symptoms--comfort: less tolerance--needle depth: much more shallow--herbs: 1. dosage lower(低剂量)2. taste3. use legal herbsQi (对气的理解，参看老师印给我们的那堆资料《The web that have no weaves》，Page 43~52)Patterns in TCM:SP Qi deficiency(脾气虚): Poor appetite, exhaustion, not feel like talking, heaviness of limbs, loose stool. Pulse: sinking and thready. Tongue: paletongue with thin white coating.Sinking of SP Qi: hernia(疝)，numbness（麻木）, thin and deep pulse, pale tongue with thin coating. Myasthenia(肌无力)，bleeding urination. Prolapsus (the anus, the womb. 肛门脱垂，子宫脱垂)Liver Qi stagnation: hypochondriac pain(胁痛), stiffness, wiry pulse, purple tongueLiver blood deficiency: irregular menstruation（月经不调），dull pain, pale fingernail and lips（唇甲色白）, blurr ed vision（视物模糊）, pale tongue with white coating.Kidney yang deficiency: afraid of cold（畏寒）, limb coldness, pale complexion, morning diarrhea, slow weak pulse, soreness and weakness Kidney qi deficiency: swollen tongue(舌胖大), deep pulse, shallow respirationLung heat: cough, yellow phlegm (or sputum 痰), fever, red tongue with yellow coatingLung qi deficiency: weak and deep pulse, white tongue, shortness of breath, white and pale complexion, afraid of wind and cold, sweat spontaneously(自汗)Heart yin deficiency: insomnia, dizziness, irritability and fidgety(烦躁), palpitation(心悸), thready, weak and rapid pulse, night sweat, peeling on the tip of the tongue.Heart blood stasis: （注：这是根据老师的笔记改的，原来老师在黑板上写了heart blood deficiency）wiry and thready pulse（脉弦细）, cold hands, palpitations, stabbing prickly pain(刺痛) in the chest radiate to the shoulder, cyanosis of lips and nails(唇甲紫绀)Wind cold: Aversion to cold（恶寒）, fever, headache, aching pain in four limbs, floating pulse（浮脉）, no sweat, back pain.Wind heat: fever, sweat, cough, fast pulse, headache, cough.中医英语复习课内容Jun 15nd课堂上讨论过的所有内容：1. Fundamentals of TCM----qi, blood, essence（精）, spirit2. Huang Di Nei Jing（《黄帝内经》）----hun（魂）, po（魄）3. Organs----patterns（证型）, disease4. Case studies5. Communication----doctor, patient, lecture TCM（west v.s. east）6. TCM acceptance in the foreign countries----medicine(biomedicine v.s. TCM: research), treatment中西方医学的区别（从language，belief，research三个方面讨论）1. Language：(中) 1. therapeutic evaluations from human judgement based on clinical experience and impression；2. uses terminology that is strange to a Western ear，e.g.“Dampness of the Spleen”(西) more accurate terms, set up goldern standards/ rules,individualism2. Research：(中) emphasize interrelationship and wholism（整体观）: direct attention to the complete physiological and psychological individual, including all relevant information, gather all symptoms and patient’s characteristics to form “pattern of disharmony”(西) 1. safeguards of the double-blind randomized control trial(双盲实验和控制变量原则);2. legitimate healing as “a cause and effect relationship between a specific agent or treatment and a specific biological result.”(寻求因果关系)3. Belief：（中）the result of a continuous process of critical thinking（辨证思维）（西）资料整理：谭其琛林洁锋。
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ⅠUnit11 7 10 13tumor['tju:mə]n. 肿瘤anesthesia[,ænis'θi:ziə]n. 麻醉formula[ˈfɔ:mjulə]n.处方proportion[prəˈpɔ:ʃən]n. 比例pharmacological[,fɑ:mә'kɒlәʒikl]adj. 药理学的2、4、6、7、12、14ophthalmology [ˏɔfθælˋmɔlədʒi]n. 眼科学aromatic[,ærəu'mætik]adj. 芳香的noticeable['nəutisəbl]adj. 显而易见的，显著的laxative['læksətiv]n. 泻药adj. 通便的evacuation[iˏvækjuˋeiʃn]n.排泄bowel['bauəl] n. 肠alimentary[,æli'mentəri]adj.消化的，食物的digestion[diˋdʒestʃən]paediatrics[,pi:di'ætriks]n. 儿科学phytotherapy[,faitəu'θerəpi]n.植物疗法Unit22、9、11、12、15recur[ri'kə:]vi. 复发constantly[ˈkɔnstəntli]adv. 不断地assimilation[əˏsimiˋleiʃn]n. 同化；吸收conversion[kənˈvə:ʃən]n. 转换pathogenic[pæθəˋdʒenik]adj. 致病的1、3、9、12stamina['steiminə] n.体力，耐力constitution[ˌkɔnstiˈtju:ʃən]n.体质dehydration[ˏdiːhaiˋdreiʃn]n. 脱水Unit31、7、9、10、15excretion [eks'kri:ʃən]n.排泄eliminate[i'limineit]vt. 消除；排除nausea[ˈnɔ:ziə]n. 恶心inclination[ˌinkliˈneiʃən]n. 倾向palpitation[ˏpælpiˋteiʃən]n. 心悸agitation[ˏædʒiˋteiʃn]n. 激动exertion[ig'zә:ʃәn]n.劳累irritability[,iritə'biləti]n.易怒2、4、5、10pallid[ˈpælid]adj. 苍白的retention[riˋtenʃən]n. 保留,潴留possession[pəˈzeʃən]n. 拥有；财产subdue[səb'dju:]vt. 征服Unit46、12、13、16ambience['æmbiəns]n. 气氛inhalation[ˏinhəˋleiʃn]volition[vəuˋliʃən]n. 意志力disposition[ˌdispə'ziʃən]n.性情2、3、8、10lethargy[ˋleθədʒi]n.昏睡，倦怠distention[disˋtenʃn]n. 膨胀swelling[ˋsweliŋ]n. 肿胀swollen['swəulən]adj. 肿胀的Unit53、5、10、12、15stagnant['stæɡnənt]adj. 停滞的abdomen[æb'dəumen]n. 腹部excrete[ek'skri:t]vt. 排泄；分泌eliminate[i'limineit]vt. 消除expulsion[iks'pʌlʃən]n. 驱逐diarrhea[,daiə'riə]n. 腹泻，痢疾abdominal[æbˋdɔminl]adj. 腹部的fecal['fi:kəl]adj.粪便的3、6、11、14pectoral['pektərəl]adj. 胸的pore[pɔː]n.孔Unit61、2、3、12、17prick[prik]v.n. 刺fine[fain]adj.细小的cutaneous[kju:'teiniəs]adj. 皮肤的congestion[kənˋdʒestʃn]n.充血homeostasis[,həumiəu'steisis]n.体内平衡equilibrium[,i:kwi'libriəm]n. 均衡1、2、4、6、9metabolism[mi'tæbəlizəm]n.新陈代谢occur[ə'kə:]complication[ˏkɔmpliˋkeiʃn]n. 并发症replenish[riˈpleniʃ]vt. 补充dyspepsia[dis'pepsiə]n.消化不良heartburn[ˋhɑːtˏbəːn]n.胃灼热Unit72、3、6、18、20pathogenesis[ˏpæθəˋdʒenisis]n. 发病机理occurrence[əˈkʌrəns]exogenous[ekˋsɔdʒinəs]adj.外源的externally[eks'tə:nəli]adv. 外部地hematuria[,hi:mə'tjuəriə]n. 尿血thick[θik]adj. 厚的mucus['mju:kəs]n. 粘液secrete[si'kri:t]vt.分泌mucosa[mju:'kəusə]n.粘膜respiratory['respərətəri,]adj. 呼吸的infectious[inˋfekʃəs]adj. 传染的sore[sɔː]n. 疮，溃疡10、11anorexia[,ænə'reksiə]n. 厌食hypoglycemia[,haipəuglai'si:miə]n. 低血糖症glucose[ˈglu:kəus]n. 葡萄糖Unit82、6、11grumpy[ˈgrʌmpi]adj. 脾气暴躁的prolapse['prəulæps]n. vi.脱垂slip[slip]n. v滑2、6、14pensiveness['pensiv]n.沉思Unit911、17detrimental[,detri'mentəl]adj. 有害的2、9、13meditation[ˌmediˈteiʃən]n. 冥想contemplation[ˌkɔntemˈpleiʃən]n.沉思menstruation[ˏmenstruˋeiʃən]n.月经ⅡUnit12 5 10 11 12an effective form of alternative[ɔ:lˈtə:nətiv] therapy替代疗法treat many types of debilitating [di'biliteitiŋ]adj. 使衰弱的conditions and a variety of ailments['eilmənt]n. 小病assume[ə'sju:m,]vt假定autonomic[ɔːtəuˋnɔmik]nervous system 植物神经系统hormonal[hɔ:'məunl]adj.激素的disturbance [di'stə:bəns] 内分泌失调be normalized['nɔ:məlaiz]vt. 使正常化during auricular[ɔ:ˈrikjulə]adj. 耳的acupuncture incidence['insidəns]n. 发生率adhesion[ədˋhiːʒn]n.粘连abdominal[æbˋdɔminl]adj. 腹部的cumulative['kju:mju,leitiv]adj. 累积的multiple[ˈmʌltipəl]adj.多样的；许多的Female gynecological[ˏdʒinikəˋlɔdʒikəl,ɡai-]surgerytherapeutic[,θerə'pju:tik]adj. 治疗的methods hypertension [ˌhaipə'tenʃən]n. 高血压hypotension[ˏhaipəuˋtenʃn]n.低血压2、5、11、12、15aetiology [ˌi:ti'ɔlədʒi]n.病原学immune[i'mju:n]adj. 免疫的oracle[ˈɔrəkl]n甲骨文bone inscriptions [inˈskripʃən]n.碑文herbalism ['hə:bəlizəm]n. 草药学extract[ikˈstrækt]n.提出物semiology [ˌsi:mi'ɔlədʒi]n.症状学Unit21、3、8、9、10phase[feiz]n. 阶段exhale[eks'heil]v. 呼气interplay['intəplei]n.vi. 相互影响gene[dʒi:n]n.基因vulnerable[ˈvʌlnərəbəl]adj.易受伤害的excessive[ik'sesiv]adj. 过多的；过分的fatigue[fə'ti:ɡ]n. 疲劳contraction[kənˈtrækʃ(ə)n]n. 收缩1、2、6、12、13modulate[ˈmɔdjuleit]vt. 调节thermal['θə:məl]adj. 热的，热量的necrosis[neˋkrəusis]n. 坏死；坏疽cognitive[ˈkɔgnitiv]adj. 认知的，认识能力的retardation[ˏriːtɑːˋdeiʃən]n.迟缓derive[di'raiv] from 源自，衍生于exuberant[iɡˋzjuːbərənt]adj.充溢的，过度的initiative[iˈniʃiətiv]n.主动性，首创精神collaboration[kəˌlæbəˈreiʃən]n. 合作excessive[ik'sesiv]adj. 过度的excess[ˈekses]n.过度，过量Unit33、5、10、12insomnia[inˈsɔmniə]n.失眠ensue[inˈsju:]vi.接着发生，接踵而来interfere[,intə'fiə]vi.干涉，妨碍withreplenish[riˈpleniʃ]vt. 补充2、3、5、14complexion[kəm'plekʃən]n.面容subjugate[ˈsʌbdʒəgeit]vt. 征服poor urinary['juərinəri]stream[stri:m]n.溪流；流动with intermittent[,intə'mitənt]adj. 间歇的flowstrain[strein]n.v. 拉紧a sense of imcomplete voiding[vɔid]vt.排放hesitancy ['hezitənsi]Unit45、7、8、9wheezing [hwi:z] sound喘息声synthesis['sinθisis]n.合成1、5、6、7、10pernicious[pəˈniʃəs]adj.致命的anemia[ə'ni:miə]n. 贫血congenital[kənˈdʒenitl]adj. 先天的heart diseases 先天性心脏病pediatrician[ˏpiːdiəˋtriʃən]n. 儿科医师bruising ['bru:ziŋ]n.擦伤distress[disˋtres]n.痛苦inflict[in'flikt]vt. 造成adolescent[,ædəu'lesnt]adj. 青春期的n. 青少年gynecology [ˌgaini'kɔlədʒi]n. 妇科menstrual['menstruəl] adj. 月经的disturbances月经不调uterine['ju:tərain]adj.子宫的prolapse ['prəulæps] vi.n. 脱垂Unit52、3、5、11、12metabolism[mi'tæbəlizəm, me-]n.新陈代谢deterioration[di,tiәriә'reiʃәn]n. 恶化；退化corresponding[ˌkɔriˈspɔndiŋ]adj.相应的；一致的angina[æn'dʒainə]pectoris['pektəris心绞痛herbal preparation[ˌprepəˈreiʃən]中药制剂hemorrhage[ˋheməridʒ]n.v出血phlegm[flem]n. 痰irritate['iriteit]v. 刺激，激怒moisture[ˈmɔistʃə]n.湿气Unit62、3、6、10sodium['səudiəm]n.钠potassium[pə'tæsjəm]n.钾chloride[ˋklɔːraid]n. 氯化物phosphate[ˋfɔsfeit]n. 磷酸盐allergy[ˋælədʒi]n. 过敏overhydration[ˏəuvəhaiˋdreiʃən]n. 水分过多aggravate['æɡrəveit]vt. 加重eczema[ˋekzimə]n. 湿疹peptic['peptik]adj. 有助消化的n. 消化器官ulceration[ˏʌlsəˋreiʃən]n. 溃疡；溃疡形成nasal['neizəl]adj. 鼻的rhinitis[rai'naitis]n. 鼻炎1、3、8、12、15pneumonia[nju:'məunjə]n. 肺炎bed-ridden patients卧床病人gastritis[ɡæs'traitis]n. 胃炎a gastric['ɡæstrik]ulcer ['ʌlsə]一个胃溃疡stiffness['stifnis]n.强直, 僵硬numbness[ˋnʌmnəs]n. 麻木tingling[ˋtiŋɡliŋ]n. 麻刺感，刺痛distal[dis'təl]adj.末梢的，远端的Unit73、4、5、8、10Parkinson ['pɑ:kinsən]n. 帕金森pulmonary[ˋpʌlmənəri]adj. 肺的exertion[igˈzə:ʃən]n.努力，劳累gout[gaut]n.痛风overindulgence['əuvərin'dʌldʒəns]n. 放纵depression[diˈpreʃən]n. 沮丧1、2、8、13、15ascribe[ə'skraib]vt.归咎于atypical[, ei'tipikəl]adj. 非典型的obsess[əb'ses]v.困扰residue ['rezidju:]venous['vi:nəs]adj. 静脉的deplete[di'pli:t]vt. 耗尽oxygenation[ˏɔksidʒiˋneiʃən]n.氧化作用Unit81、2、3、8、11、12 atherosclerosis[ˏæθəˏrəuskliəˋrəusis]n.动脉粥样硬化deposit[diˋpɔzit]n.沉淀coronary[ˋkɔrənəri]adj.冠状的heart disease sufficient[səˈfiʃənt]adj. 足够的；充分的oppression[ə'preʃən] n. 压抑exuberance [ig'zju:bərəns]n. 丰富pathogen[ˋpæθədʒin]n. 病原体ascend[ə'send]v. 上升descend[di'send]v. 下降interstitial[ˏintəˋstiʃəl]adj. 间质的obstruct[əbˈstrʌkt]v. 阻塞disperse[dis'pə:s]v. 分散endogenous[enˋdɔdʒənəs]adj.内生的4、13refugee[ˌrefjuˈdʒi:]n. 难民distend[dis'tend]vt 膨胀heretofore['hiətu'fɔ:]adv.迄今为止cholesterol[kəˋlestərəul]n.胆固醇Unit93、6、9、11longevity[lɔn'dʒeviti]n. 长寿intervention[ˌintəˈvenʃən]n.介入exacerbation[ekˏzæsəˋbeiʃn]n. 恶化dilate[daiˈleit]v. 扩张abstain[əb'stein]vi.避免.1、5、6、8、12antidiabetic['ænti,daiə'betik]adj.抗糖尿病的ameliorate[ə'mi:ljəreit]v. 改善diabetic[,daiə'betik]diabetes[ˏdaiəˋbiːtiːz]ⅣUnit113 19 经典名著herbal['hə:bəl]adj. 草药的integration[intiˈɡreiʃn]n.结合《五十二病方》Prescriptions for Fifty-two Ailments《黄帝内经》Huangdi's Canon['kænən]n. 标准；教规of Medicine 《伤寒杂病论》Treatise['tri:tiz, -tis]n. 论述；专著on Cold-Induced[in'dju:s]vt. 诱导and Miscellaneous[,misi'leinjəs,'misə'leiniəs] adj. 混杂的Diseases《肘后备急方》A handbook of Prescriptions for Emergencies《千金方》Invaluable[in'væljuəbl] Prescriptions《针灸资生经》Classic of Nourishing['nʌriʃiŋ]Life with Acupuncture and Moxibustion《本草纲目》Compendium[kəm'pendiəm]n. 纲要ofMateria[məˋtiəriə]物质Medica《诸病源候论》Treatise on the Causes and Symptoms of Diseases《新修本草》Newly Compiled Materia Medica of the Tang Dynasty['dinəsti]《唐本草》The Tang-dynasty Materia Medica《脉经》The Pulse[pʌls] Classic《针灸甲乙经》The ABC Classic of Acupuncture and MoxibustionUnit22、5、12、14conversion[kənˈvə:ʃən]n. 转换metabolic[ˏmetəˋbɔlik]adj新陈代谢的9、10excess[ˈekses]n.过量Unit31、4、14、17、19Unit41、5、6、9、+藏象texture[ˈtekstʃə]primordial[praiˋmɔːdiəl]adj. 原始的usable['ju:zəbl]grasp[grɑ:sp]v.n.抓住essence['esəns]n.精后天之本foundation[faunˈdeiʃən] ofpost-natal['neitəl]adj. 出生的existence[iɡ'zistəns]生育，发育和成熟birth, development and maturation[ˏmætjuˋreiʃən]肺为水之上源the lungs are the upper origin of water心主脉the heart/ lung/ liver/ spleen/ kidney governs the vessels/ skin/ tendons/ muscles and the four limbs/bones心开窍于舌the heart opens into the tongue/nose/eyes/mouth/ears, external genitals[ˋdʒenitl]adj. 生殖的n. 生殖器and the anus['einəs]n. 肛门心华在面external manifestation[ˌmænifeˈsteiʃən]n. 表现on the face/the body hair/the nails/the lips/the hair主生殖to govern reproduction濡养和温煦诸脏腑to nourish and warm the viscera4、10、16、17、22、24exterior[ik'stiəriə]adj. 外部的n. 外部spontaneous[spɔnˋteinjəs]adj. 自发的loose[lu:s]adj. 宽松的stool[stu:l]n.粪便extremities[iks'tremitis]n. 四肢Unit51、5、9、11consolidate[kənˈsɔlideit]v.巩固5、6、7、9original [ə'ridʒənl] pectoral[ˋpektərəl]a.胸部的Unit61、2、85、13、15、20select[si'lekt]Unit72、3、4、5、11+各种病因Six exogenous factors: wind, cold, summer-heat, dampness dryness and fire.Seven emotional factors: anger, joy, worry, grief n. 悲and melancholy ['melənkəli]n. 忧, fear andfright[frait]n. 惊.Improper diet and malnutrition[ˏmælnjuːˋtriʃən]n. 营养失调，营养不良:overeating and malnutrition overindulgence in particular foods intake of unclean foods7、16、19irregularity[iˌregjuˈlæriti]Unit81、19、21mechanism[ˋmekənizəm]n. 机制2、12viscous['viskəs]adj.黏的Unit91、9cultivation[ˌkʌltiˈveiʃən]n. 培养preference['prefərəns]dysmenorrhea [,dismenə'riə] n. [妇产] 痛经reproductive [,ri:prə'dʌktiv]adj. 生殖的endocrine ['endəukrain, -krin] n. 内分泌；激素adj. 内分泌的；激素的mechanism ['mekənizəm] n. 机制herbs-separated moxibustion at thenavel['neivəl] 肚脐灸estradiol [,estrə'daiəl] n. 雌二醇progesterone [prəu'dʒestərəun] n. 孕酮prostaglandin [,prɔstə'ɡlændin] n. 前列腺素tutor ['tju:tə] n. 导师alleviate [ə'li:vieit] vt. 减轻painmenstrual ['menstruəl]adj. 月经的cycle n. 周期prior ['praiə] treatment 治疗前post treatment 治疗后long-term effects 长期效应，远期效果decrease/increase the level of 降低/升高···的含量notable ['nəutəbl] adj. 值得注意的，显著的electrocardiogram [i,lektrəu'kɑ:diəuɡræm] n. 心电图（ECG）a general hospital with various departments 有各种科室的综合医院ward [wɔ:d] n. 病房out-patient department 门诊部a treatment room 治疗室hydrocephalus [,haidrəu'sefələs]n.脑积水brain atrophy ['ætrəfi] n. 萎缩fracture ['fræktʃə] n. 骨折tumor ['tju:mə] n. 肿瘤cerebral['seribrəl]adj. 大脑的infarction[in'fɑ:k ʃən] n. 梗塞一、阴阳1、含义implication [,impli'kei~]“水火为阴阳之征兆”Water and fire are used as the signifiers['signifaiə]n. 记号of yin and yang in Huangdi Neijing.“水为阴，火为阳”water is yin and ~2、相互作用interaction between ~①阴阳对立opposition [,ɔpə'ziʃən] of ~②互根interdependence between ~③消长wane [wein]衰落and。