动词过去式、过去分词的变化规则(yyy整理版)
(完整版)动词过去式过去分词变化规则
动词过去式、过去分词变化规则
(一)分规则变化和不规则变化两种.不规则变化需逐个记忆(二)规则变化遵循以下原则:
(1) 一般情况下,在动词后加ed构成:work / worked,stay / stayed,shout / shouted等.
(2) 在以-e结尾动词后只加d:close / closed,like / liked,live / lived,smile / smiled等.
(3) 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,应将y改为i 再加-ed:study / studied,carry / carried等.
(4) 以重读闭音节或r音节结尾且(中间只有一个元音字母)且末尾只有一个辅音字母动词,要双写末尾的辅音字母再加-ed:stop / stopped,admit / admitted,refer / referred,prefer / preferred等.
【注】(1) 以字母l结尾的动词,若末尾一个音节为重读音节,则必须双写l再加-ed,如control / controlled,但若末尾一个音节为非重读音节,则可双写l(英国英语)或不双写l(美国英语),如travel / travel(l)ed.
(2) 动词picnic(野餐)的过去式和过去分词是picnicked,不是picniced.
(3) 词尾-ed 读音规则是:在清辅音后读作[t],元音和浊辅音后读作[d],在辅音[t]或[d]后读作[id].
(三)不规则变化分类记忆表
初中英语不规则动词表(一)
四、ABB型。
(完整)英语中动词过去式、过去分词的变形规则
动词过去式和过去分词的变化规则动词过去式和过去分词有规则变化和不规则变化两种。
1) 规则变化●一般在动词原形后加—edlook -looked -looked call -called -calledopen -opened -opened need -needed-needed①—ed在清辅音音素后发音为〔t〕,在浊辅音后发音为〔d〕,在元音后发音也为[d]②-ed在t、d后发音为[id]③但fix的过去式和过去分词x不双写,为fixed.●以—e结尾的动词加—dmove -moved -moved phone -phoned -phonedhope -hoped -hoped agree -agreed -agreed●以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,变y为i,再加-edstudy -studied -studied carry -carried-carried try -tried-tried ●以元音字母加y结尾的词,直接加—edplay -played -played enjoy -enjoyed -enjoyed stay -stayed -stayed ●末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词,双写该辅音字母,再加-edstop -stopped -stopped plan -planned -planned fit -fitted -fitted ●以—r结尾的词,双写r字母,再加—edprefer -preferred -preferred refer- referred -referred2) 不规则变化英语中有些动词的过去式和过去分词形式变化不规则,可分为五种情况.1.动词原形、过去式和过去分词完全同形。
cut(切),hit(打) ,cast(扔),hurt(伤害),put(放) ,let(让)shut(关),cost(花费) ,set(放),rid(清除)2.过去式与过去分词完全同形。
过去式,过去分词的变化规则
过去式,过去分词的变化规则
过去式和过去分词是英语中很重要的语法形式,它们在口语和书面语中都非常常见。
它们的变化规则如下:
1. 一般情况下,动词过去式是在动词原形后加上“-ed”,如:work(工作)的过去式和过去分词是worked(工作过)。
2. 如果动词原形以“e”结尾,只需要加上“-d”,如:love(爱)的过去式和过去分词是loved(爱过)。
3. 如果动词原形以辅音字母加“y”结尾,将“y”改为“i”,
再加上“-ed”,如:try(尝试)的过去式和过去分词是tried(尝
试过)。
4. 如果动词原形以元音字母加辅音字母结尾,又重读最后一个
音节,需要双写最后一个辅音字母,再加上“-ed”,如:stop(停止)的过去式和过去分词是stopped(停止过)。
5. 不规则动词的过去式和过去分词则需要特殊记忆,如:go(去)的过去式和过去分词是went(去过)和gone(去过)。
总之,掌握过去式和过去分词的变化规则对于学好英语非常重要。
- 1 -。
动词过去式和过去分词的变化及用法讲解
动词过去式和过去分词的变化及用法讲解动词过去式和过去分词分为规则变化和不规则变化。
一、规则变化大部分动词的过去式和过去分词构成方式一样,一般在词尾加-ed。
如“work”,过去式是“worked”,过去分词也是“worked”。
以“e”结尾的动词,加-d。
如“live”,过去式“lived”,过去分词“lived”。
重读闭音节(以一个元音字母加一个辅音字母结尾,且该音节是重读音节)结尾的动词,双写最后一个辅音字母再加-ed。
如“stop”,过去式“stopped”,过去分词“stopped”。
以“辅音字母+ y”结尾的动词,把“y”变成“i”再加-ed。
如“study”,过去式“studied”,过去分词“studied”。
二、不规则变化不规则动词的过去式和过去分词需要逐个记忆。
如“go”的过去式是“went”,过去分词是“gone”;“see”的过去式是“saw”,过去分词是“seen”。
三、用法过去式主要用于一般过去时,表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。
如:“I watched a movie last night.(我昨晚看了一部电影)”。
过去分词主要用于完成时态(现在完成时、过去完成时等)和被动语态。
如在现在完成时中,“I have finished my homework.(我已经完成我的作业了)”,“finished”是过去分词;在被动语态中,“The book was written by him.(这本书是他写的)”,“written”是过去分词。
四、例题讲解1.He___(go) to school late yesterday.解析:根据时间状语“yesterday”可知句子是一般过去时,“go”的过去式是“went”。
2.She has ____ (write) three novels so far.解析:在现在完成时“have/has + 过去分词”结构中,“write”的过去分词是“written”。
动词过去式与过去分词规则
动词过去式与过去分词规则
动词的过去式和过去分词通常需要遵循以下规则:
1. 以-e结尾的动词直接加-d或-ed作为过去式和过去分词。
例如:live(居住)的过去式和过去分词都是lived(居住过)。
2. 以辅音字母加-y结尾的动词,先将-y变为-i,再加-ed作为过去式和过去分词。
例如:study(学习)的过去式和过去分词都是studied (学习过)。
3. 以重读闭音节结尾的单词,如果末尾只有一个辅音字母,并且这个辅音字母前只有一个元音字母,则双写这个辅音字母,并加-ed作为过去式和过去分词。
例如:stop(停止)的过去式和过去分词都是stopped (停止过)。
4. 部分不规则动词,过去式和过去分词形式不按规则变化。
例如:go(去)的过去式是went(去过),过去分词是gone(已去)。
需要注意的是,英语中有很多不规则动词,它们的过去式和过去分词形式没有明确的规则可循,需要通过学习和记忆来掌握。
动词过去式和过去分词的变化规则
动词过去式和过去分词的变化规则不规则动词过去式和过去分词动词过去式和过去分词的变化规则不规则动词过去式和过去分词归纳(一)、不规则动词过去式和过去分词动词的过去式和过去分词是初中英语教学中的重点,而有些动词的不规则变化是这些重点中的难点,但这些不规则变化也不是毫无规律可循的。
现将初中英语中一些常用的不规则动词变化介绍如下。
一、原形、过去式和过去分词的词形和读音都相同的单词,结尾字母一般是t或d。
如:cut-cut-cut,hit-hit-hit,put-put-put,cost-cost-cost,let-let-let,shut-shut-shut,set-set-set,hurt-hurt-hurt,spread-spread-spread 特殊:动词read的过去式和过去分词虽然词形与原形一致,read-read-read,但发音分别是[ri:d]-[red]-[red]。
二、有些动词的过去分词与原形是一样的。
如:come-came-come,become-became-become,run-ran-run,overcome-overcame-overcome三、有些动词的过去式和过去分词相同。
如:1.把单词结尾的字母d改为t。
如:lend-lent-lent,spend-spent-spent,send-sent-sent 2.改变单词中间元音字母。
如:sit-sat-sat,win-won-won,shine-shone-shone,hold-held-held 3.以eep结尾的动词,把eep改为ept。
如:keep-kept-kept,sleep-slept-slept,sweep-swept-swept 4.过去式和过去分词都以augh或ough结尾的动词。
如:buy-bought-bought,fight-fought-fought,think-thought-thought,bring-brought-brought,teach-taught-taught,catch-caught-caught 5.有的以ay结尾的动词,在过去式和过去分词中把ay变成aid。
英语动词过去式和过去分词的变化规则总结
英语动词过去式和过去分词的变化规则总
结
动词的过去式和过去分词是英语中常见的语法结构,掌握它们的变化规则是学好英语的基础。
一般情况下,动词的过去式和过去分词是可以以“-ed”结尾表示的,但是也存在一些例外,以下是总结的具体规则:
1. 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,将y改为i,再加-ed
如: study -> studied, try -> tried
2. 以重读闭音节结尾的一般动词,双写最后一个字母然后加-ed
如: stop -> stopped, plan -> planned
3. 以“e”结尾的动词,加-d或-ed
如: like -> liked, love -> loved
4. 以辅音字母加元音字母结尾,重读且在单词结束时发音的动词,双写辅音字母再加-ed
如: run -> ran -> runned, begin -> began -> beganned
5. 不规则变化的动词需要记忆,以下列出常见的不规则动词,并列出其过去式和过去分词
be -> was/were -> been
have -> had -> had
do -> did -> done
go -> went -> gone
see -> saw -> seen
eat -> ate -> eaten
掌握这些规则和常见的不规则动词,会使我们在日常交流和学习中避免不必要的错误,提高英语水平。
动词过去式,过去分词的变化规则(yyy整编版)
常见动词过去式、过去分词的变化规则动词过去式和过去分词有规则变化和不规则变化两种。
一、规则变化:1. 一般情况直接加ed,如ask—asked, work—worked2. 以不发音的e结尾,只加d,如love—loved, dance—danced3. 以辅音字母加y结尾,把y变为i,再加ed,如try—tried, study—studied4. 以一个元音字母和一个辅音结尾的重读闭音节结尾的动词(以重读闭音节或r 音节结尾而末尾只有一个辅音字母),先双写末尾这个辅音字母,再加ed,如stop —stopped, permit—permitted注:A. 以l结尾的动词,尾音节重读时,双写l,如control—controlled;尾音节不重读时,双不双写都可以,如travel—traveled(美) /travelled(英) 。
B. 特例:picnic—picnicked—picnicked(去野餐),traffic—trafficked—trafficked(交易,在…通行),prefer—preferred—preferred较喜欢,refer —referred—referred提到另外,还有很多动词的过去式和过去分词是不合乎上述规则的,需要熟记.(见后)C. 读音与说明:①.-ed在清辅音音素后发音为[t]: helped, liked, finished, fetched, stopped, clapped②.-ed在浊辅音和元音后发音为[d]: believed, changed, planned, preferred, followed, stayed③.-ed在[t]、[d] 后发音为[id]: wanted, needed, admitted, permitted二、不规则变化⒈A---A---A型(现在式、过去式、过去分词同形)口诀1:2H(hit, hurt)花钱(cost)让(let) 3S(set,shut,spread)放(put)(下)读书(read)(去)切割(cut)⒉A---A---B型(现在式和过去式同形)口诀2:打败天下无敌手,过去分词加en⒊A---B---A型(现在式和过去分词同形)口诀3:跑、来、成为、(杨)超越,元音字母变成a⒋A---B---B型(过去式与过去分词同形)(1)原形→aught→aught口诀4:教书被抓,变成aught(2)原形→ought→ought口诀5:想买(个)熊球(寻求)带来打架(3)eep→ept→ept口诀:睡觉保持清扫,变成ept(4)词尾-ell变成-old注:复述卖告诉(5)词尾变成-elt注:感觉闻(到)拼写(6)词尾-ild、-end,把d变成t注:使(史)弯曲借出送花费建造(重建)(7)词尾+t注:梦(见)着火,跳跃学习处理意思(8)词尾ay变成aid注:付给说下蛋(9)2个元音减少一个口诀6:喂(牛)加速繁殖,遇见领导射击,出血,去掉后一个元音字母。
英语动词过去式和过去分词的变化规则
动词过去式和过去分词的变化规则动词过去式和过去分词有规则变化和不规则变化两种。
一. 规则变化1. 一般情况直接加ed,如ask—asked, work—worked2. 以不发音的e结尾,只加d,如love—loved, dance—danced3. 以辅音字母加y结尾,把y变为i,再加ed,如try—tried, study—studied4. 以一个元音字母和一个辅音结尾的重读闭音节结尾的动词(以重读闭音节或r 音节结尾而末尾只有一个辅音字母),先双写末尾这个辅音字母,再加ed,如clap / shop / trip / chat / beg / drop / fit / hug / plan / pat / regret / control注:A. 以l结尾的动词,尾音节重读时,双写l,如control—controlled;尾音节不重读时,双不双写都可以,如travel—traveled(美) /travelled(英) 。
B. 读音与说明:①-ed在清辅音音素后发音为[t]: helped, liked, finished, fetched, stopped, clapped②-ed在浊辅音和元音后发音为[d]: believed, changed, planned, preferred, followed, stayed③-ed在[t]、[d] 后发音为[id]: wanted, needed, admitted, permitted二. 不规则变化英语中有些动词的过去式和过去分词形式变化不规则,可主要分为几种情况。
【AAA型】:put—put—put cut—cut—cut shut—shut—shutset—set—set hit—hit—hit hurt—hurt—hurtcost—cost—cost ★read/ri:d/—read/red/—read/red/ let—let—letburst—burst—burst (n. / v.爆发,突发;爆炸)cast—cast—cast (v. 1. 投,掷,抛,扔,撒2. 投射(光、影、视线等)[(+at/on)]3. 脱落;蜕(皮);丢)rid—rid—rid (vt. 使摆脱;使去掉) spread—spread—spread【ABB型】:(原形→aught / ought→aught / ought)catch caught caught teach taught taught bring brought broughtbuy bought bought think thought thought【原形→元音变化→元音变化】sit sat sat meet met met find found foundget got got stand stood stood understand understood understoodwin won won hold held held shine shone shonedig dug dug hang hung/hanged hung/hanged【原形→“…t”→“…t”】lose lost lost build built built spill spilt spilt spoil spoilt spoiltsend sent sent spend spent spent smell smelt smelt feel felt feltmean meant meant learn learnt/learned learnt/learned lend lent lent【原形→“…d”→“…d”】hear heard heard make made made have(has) had had pay paid paid say said said lay laid laid sell sold sold tell told told【“ee/ea”→“e..t”→“e..t”】sleep slept slept sweep swept swept keep kept kept leave left left 【ABC型】:【原形→变形→原形+en/ne】be(am,is) was been be(are) were been see saw seen do did donego went gone beat beat beaten eat ate eaten give gave given hide hid hidden fall fell fallen mistake mistook mistakentake took taken drive drove driven rise rose risen ride rode ridden write wrote written【原形→“-o-”→“过去式-n”】break broke broken speak spoke spoken choose chose chosenforget forgot forgotten freeze froze frozen wake woke/waked woken/waked (原形→“ew”→“原形-n”)draw drew drawn blow blew blown show showed shown *fly flew flown grow grew grown throw threw thrown know knew known【原形→“-a-”→“-u-”】begin began begun ring rang rung drink drank drunk sing sang sung sink sank/sunk sunk/sunken swim swam swum【原形-ear →“-ore”→“-orn”】wear wore worn tear tore torn bear bore born【原形-ake →“-ook”→“-aken”】take took taken shake shook shaken miatake mistook mistaken【原形-i辅e→“-o辅e”→“-i辅(辅)e”】drive drove driven ride rode riden rise rose risen write wrote written strive(v.努力) strove striven【ABA型】become became become come came come run ran runovercome overcame overcome【AB型】(无过去分词)may might must must can could shall should will would。
动词过去式和过去分词变化 规则
ran
run
running runs
跑
ABB型 原形 过去式
过去分词
understandunderstood understood
bring build
brought built
brought built
现分/动名词 三单
中文
understands 理解、明 understanding
白
bringing briቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱgs
permit-
如:stop-
特例:
以-l结尾的动词,尾音节重读时,双写l, 如:control-controlled, 尾音节不 重读时,双不双写都可以,如:travel-traveled(美)/travelled(英)
5. 不规则动词变化
⑴以t结尾,过去式与原形相同。如:put, let, cut, beat, must
sat
sitting
slept
sleeping
spent
spending
stood swept taught told thought won
standing sweeping teaching telling thinking winning
shines shows sits sleeps spends
hangs hears holds keeps learns leaves lends lights loses makes means meets pays says sells sends
燃烧 买 抓住、赶 上 处理 挖 喂养 感觉 打架 发现、找 到 悬挂 听 举办 保持 学习 离开 借 点燃 丢失 制造 意味 遇见 付给 说 卖 送
(完整版)动词过去式及过去分词变化规则.docx
动词过去式和过去分词的变化规则去式和去分有化和不化两种。
Ⅰ. 化 :1.一般情况直接加 ed,如 ask— asked, work— worked2.以不音的 e 尾,只加 d,如 love— loved, dance— danced3.以音字母加 y 尾,把 yi ,再加 ed,如 try— tried, study — studied4.以一个元音字母和一个音尾的重音尾的(以重音或r 音尾而末尾只有一个音字母),先双写末尾个音字母,再加 ed,如 stop— stopped, permit— permitted 注: A. 以 l 尾的 ,尾音重 ,双写 l,如 control — controlled; 尾音不重 ,双不双写都可以,如 travel — traveled( 美 ) /travelled(英 ) 。
B. 特例 :picnic — picnicked — picnicked( 去野餐 ),traffic— trafficked — trafficked(交易 ,在⋯通行)另外 ,有很多的去式和去分是不合乎上述的,需要熟 .(后 )C. 音与明 :①.-ed 在清音音素后音 [t]: helped, liked, finished, fetched, stopped, clapped②.-ed 在音和元音后音 [d]: believed, changed, planned, preferred, followed, stayed③.-ed 在 [t] 、 [d] 后音 [id]: wanted, needed, admitted, permitted II.不表 :(1)AAA 型(原形、去式、去分同形)cost(花)cost cost shut shut shutcut(割)cut cut spit spit/spat spit/ spat(英 )hit(打)hit hit hurt 害) hurt hurtlet()let let put(放)put putread ()read read(2)AAB 型(原形与去式同形)beat(跳)beat beaten(3)ABA 型(原形与去分同形)become(成) became become awake awoke awokencome(来)came come run(跑)ran run(4) ABB 型(去式与去分同形)dig (挖)dug dug build built builtget(得到)got got/gotten catch caught caughthang(吊死)hanged hanged deal dealt dealthang(挂)hung hung feed fed fedhold (抓住)held held find found foundshine(照耀) shone shone forbid forbade/forbad forbiddensit(坐)sat sat pay paid paidwin ()won won send sent sentmeet(遇)met met shoot shot shotkeep (保持)kept kept tell told toldsleep(睡)slept slept win won wonsweep()swept swept feel(感)felt feltsmell()smelt/smelled smelt/ smelledleave(离开)left left build (建) built builtlend(借出)lent lent send (传送)sent sentspend(花费) spent spent lose (丢失) lost lostburn (燃烧) burnt burnt learn(学习)learnt learntmean(意思是)meant meant catch(抓住) caught caughtteach(教)taught taught bring (带来) brought broughtfight (战斗) fought fought buy (买)bought boughtthink (想)thought thought hear (听见)heard heardsell(卖)sold sold tell (告诉)told toldsay(说)said said find (找到)found foundhave/has(有) had had make(制造) made madestand(站)stood stood understand 明白 understood understood (5)ABC 型(动词原形、过去式与过去分词三者不同形)begin(开始) began begun take(取)took takendrink (喝)drank drunk mistake(弄错)mistook mistaken ring (铃响)rang rung ride (骑)rode riddensing (唱)sang sung do(做)did doneswim (游泳) swam swum write (写)wrote writtenblow (吹)blew blown go(去) went gonedraw (画)drew drawn lie (平躺)lay lainfly (飞)flew flown see(看见)saw seengrow(生长) grew grown wear (穿) wore wornknow (知道) knew known be ( am, is, are )(是) was, were been throw (投掷) threw thrown show(出示) showed shownbreak(打破) broke broken choose(选择) chose chosenforget (忘记)forgot forgotten (forgot)bear bore borne/bornspeak(说,讲)spoke spoken draw drew drawnwake(醒)woke woken dreamdreamt/ dreamed dreamt/ dreamed drive (驾驶) drove driven hide hid hiddeneat(吃)ate eaten lay laid laid放置fall (落下)fell fallen lie lied lied撒谎give(给)gave given lielay lain躺rise(升高)rose risen see saw seenshake shook shaken steal stole stolencan----could may---might will---would shall---shouldmust----must。
动词过去式过去分词的变化规则yyy整理版
常见动词过去式、过去分词的变化规则动词过去式和过去分词有规则变化和不规则变化两种。
一、规则变化:1. 一般情况直接加ed,如ask—asked, work—worked2.以不发音的e结尾,只加d,如love—loved, dance—danced3.以辅音字母加y结尾,把y变为i,再加ed,如try—tried, study—studied4. 以一个元音字母和一个辅音结尾的重读闭音节结尾的动词(以重读闭音节或r 音节结尾而末尾只有一个辅音字母),先双写末尾这个辅音字母,再加ed,如stop—stopped, permit—permitted注:A.以l结尾的动词,尾音节重读时,双写l,如control—controlled;尾音节不重读时,双不双写都可以,如travel—traveled(美)/travelled(英)。
B.特例:picnc_picnicked_picnicked(去野餐),trfc~trafficked_trafficked (交易, 在… 通行) , prefer—preferred—preferred 较喜欢 ,refer_referred_referred 提到另外,还有很多动词的过去式和过去分词是不合乎上述规则的,需要熟记.(见后)C. 读音与说明:①.-ed 在清辅音音素后发音为[t]: helped, liked, finished, fetched, stopped, clapped②.-ed 在浊辅音和兀音后发音为[d]: believed, changed, planned, preferred, followed, stayed③.-ed 在[t]、[d]后发音为[id]: wanted, needed, admitted, permitted二、不规则变化1.4一乂一乂型(现在式、过去式、过去分词同形)口诀1:2H (hit, hurt)花钱(cost)让(let) 3S(set,shut,spread)放(put (下)读书(read) (去)切割(cut)口诀2:打败天下无敌手,过去分词加en3・人一4一~型(现在式和过去分词同形)口诀3:跑、来、成为、(杨)超越,元音字母变成a4.人一田一田型(过去式与过去分词同形)⑴ 原形f aught f aught口诀4:教书被抓,变成aught⑵原形一ought-ought口诀5:想买(个)熊球(寻求)带来打架(3) eep一ept一ept口诀:睡觉保持清扫,变成ept⑷ 词尾-ell变成-old注:复述卖告诉⑸词尾变成-elt注:感觉闻(到)拼写(6)词尾-ild、-end,把d变成t注:使(史)弯曲借出送花费建造(重建)⑺词尾+tmean meant meant meaning means 注:梦(见)着火,跳跃学习处理意思(8)词尾ay变成aid注:付给说下蛋(9) 2个元音减少一个口诀6:喂(牛)加速繁殖,遇见领导射击,出血,去掉后一个元音字母。
动词过去式与过去分词规则
动词过去式与过去分词规则动词过去式与过去分词规则一,规则动词(Regular Verbs) 的过去式由“动词原形+-ed”构成,具体变化有:1. 一般的直接在词尾加-ed。
如: want—wanted, work—worked, need—needed, clean—cleaned2. 以不发音的e结尾的在词尾加-d。
如:like—liked, live—lived, use—used, move—moved smile--smiled; hope--hoped.注意:ie结尾动词,直接加d: died;tied.3. 以一个元音字母加一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词,先双写结尾的辅音字母,再加-ed。
如:stop—stopped, trip—tripped planned;4. 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,先把y变成i,再加-ed。
如:study —studied, carry—carried, hurry—hurried, marry—married worried; studied.注意:规则动词过去式加“ed”后的发音规则:在浊辅音和元音后面[d]called [kɔ:ld] borrowed [bɒrəʊd] moved[mu:vd]在清辅音后面[t] helped[helpt] passed[pa :st]在[t] [d]音后面[id]started['sta:tid] counted['kauntid] needed['ni:did] counted['kauntid]补充说明:二、不规则动词(Irregular Verbs)的过去式大体上归纳有以下记忆法:1. 以t结尾的词,过去式与原形相同。
如:put—put, let—let, cut—cut, beat—beat read—read must--must2. 以d结尾的词,把d变成t。
如:build—built, lend—lent, send—sent, spend—spent3. 以n结尾的词,在词后加t。
(完整版)动词过去式及过去分词变化规则
动词过去式和过去分词的变化规则动词过去式和过去分词有规则变化和不规则变化两种。
Ⅰ. 规则变化:1. 一般情况直接加ed,如ask—asked, work—worked2. 以不发音的e结尾,只加d,如love—loved, dance—danced3. 以辅音字母加y结尾,把y变为i,再加ed,如try—tried, study—studied4. 以一个元音字母和一个辅音结尾的重读闭音节结尾的动词(以重读闭音节或r音节结尾而末尾只有一个辅音字母),先双写末尾这个辅音字母,再加ed,如stop—stopped, permit—permitted 注:A. 以l结尾的动词,尾音节重读时,双写l,如control—controlled;尾音节不重读时, 双不双写都可以,如travel—traveled(美) /travelled(英) 。
B. 特例:picnic—picnicked—picnicked(去野餐),traffic—trafficked—trafficked(交易,在…通行)另外,还有很多动词的过去式和过去分词是不合乎上述规则的,需要熟记.(见后)C. 读音与说明:①.-ed在清辅音音素后发音为[t]: helped, liked, finished, fetched, stopped, clapped②.-ed在浊辅音和元音后发音为[d]: believed, changed, planned, preferred, followed, stayed③.-ed在[t]、[d] 后发音为[id]: wanted, needed, admitted, permittedII. 不规则动词表:(1) AAA型(动词原形、过去式、过去分词同形)cost(花费)cost cost shut shut shutcut(割)cut cut spit spit/spat spit/ spat(英)hit(打)hit hit hurt 伤害)hurt hurtlet(让)let let put(放)put putread (读)read read(2) AAB型(动词原形与过去式同形)beat(跳动)beat beaten(3) ABA型(动词原形与过去分词同形)become(变成)became become awake awoke awokencome(来)came come run(跑)ran run(4) ABB型(过去式与过去分词同形)dig(挖)dug dug build built builtget(得到)got got/gotten catch caught caughthang(吊死)hanged hanged deal dealt dealthang(悬挂)hung hung feed fed fedhold(抓住)held held find found foundshine(照耀)shone shone forbid forbade/forbad forbiddensit(坐)sat sat pay paid paidwin (赢)won won send sent sentmeet(遇见)met met shoot shot shotkeep (保持)kept kept tell told toldsleep(睡)slept slept win won wonsweep(扫)swept swept feel(感觉)felt feltsmell(闻)smelt/smelled smelt/ smelledleave(离开)left left build(建设)built builtlend(借出)lent lent send (传送)sent sentspend(花费)spent spent lose (丢失)lost lostburn (燃烧)burnt burnt learn(学习)learnt learntmean(意思是)meant meant catch(抓住)caught caughtteach(教)taught taught bring(带来)brought broughtfight (战斗)fought fought buy(买)bought boughtthink(想)thought thought hear (听见)heard heardsell(卖)sold sold tell(告诉)told toldsay(说)said said find(找到)found foundhave/has(有)had had make(制造)made madestand(站)stood stood understand明白understood understood (5) ABC型(动词原形、过去式与过去分词三者不同形)begin(开始)began begun take(取)took takendrink(喝)drank drunk mistake(弄错)mistook mistaken ring(铃响)rang rung ride(骑)rode riddensing (唱)sang sung do(做)did doneswim(游泳)swam swum write(写)wrote writtenblow(吹)blew blown go(去)went gonedraw (画)drew drawn lie(平躺)lay lainfly(飞)flew flown see(看见)saw seengrow(生长)grew grown wear (穿)wore wornknow(知道)knew known be ( am, is, are )(是)was, were been throw(投掷)threw thrown show(出示)showed shownbreak(打破)broke broken choose(选择)chose chosenforget(忘记)forgot forgotten (forgot) bear bore borne/bornspeak(说,讲)spoke spoken draw drew drawnwake(醒)woke woken dream dreamt/ dreamed dreamt/ dreamed drive(驾驶)drove driven hide hid hiddeneat(吃)ate eaten lay laid laid 放置fall(落下)fell fallen lie lied lied 撒谎give(给)gave given lie lay lain 躺rise(升高)rose risen see saw seenshake shook shaken steal stole stolencan----could may---might will---would shall---shouldmust----must。
过去式过去分词变化规则
过去式过去分词变化规则过去式和过去分词是英语中常见的动词形式。
它们在句子中的使用方式和变化规则有一些区别。
一、过去式的变化规则1. 一般情况下,动词的过去式是在词尾加上-ed。
例如:walk - walked, talk - talked。
2. 以不发音的-e结尾的动词,直接加上-d。
例如:live - lived, dance - danced。
3. 以重读闭音节结尾的单词,如果末尾只有一个辅音字母,则双写这个辅音字母,再加上-ed。
例如:stop - stopped, plan - planned。
4. 以辅音字母+y结尾的动词,将y变为i,再加上-ed。
例如:study - studied, try - tried。
5. 以辅音字母+元音字母+辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节单词,双写最后一个辅音字母,再加上-ed。
例如:admit - admitted, prefer - preferred。
6. 不规则动词的过去式需要特殊记忆,例如:go - went, have - had。
二、过去分词的变化规则1. 一般情况下,动词的过去分词是在词尾加上-ed。
例如:play - played, work - worked。
2. 以不发音的-e结尾的动词,直接加上-d。
例如:live - lived, dance - danced。
3. 以辅音字母+y结尾的动词,将y变为i,再加上-ed。
例如:study - studied, try - tried。
4. 以辅音字母+元音字母+辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节单词,双写最后一个辅音字母,再加上-ed。
例如:admit - admitted, prefer - preferred。
5. 不规则动词的过去分词需要特殊记忆,例如:go - gone, have - had。
过去式和过去分词在句子中的使用方式也有一些区别。
过去式通常用来表示过去发生的动作或状态,而过去分词则可以用作动词的补语、形容词或短语的一部分。
英语动词过去式和过去分词的变化规则
动词过去式和过去分词的变化规则动词过去式和过去分词有规则变化和不规则变化两种。
一. 规则变化1. 一般情况直接加ed,如ask—asked, work—worked2. 以不发音的e结尾,只加d,如love—loved, dance—danced3. 以辅音字母加y结尾,把y变为i,再加ed,如try—tried, study—studied4. 以一个元音字母和一个辅音结尾的重读闭音节结尾的动词(以重读闭音节或r音节结尾而末尾只有一个辅音字母),先双写末尾这个辅音字母,再加ed,如clap / shop / trip / chat / beg / drop / fit / hug / plan / pat / regret / control 注:A. 以l结尾的动词,尾音节重读时,双写l,如control—controlled;尾音节不重读时,双不双写都可以,如travel—traveled(美) /travelled(英) 。
B. 读音与说明:①-ed在清辅音音素后发音为[t]: helped, liked, finished, fetched, stopped,clapped②-ed在浊辅音和元音后发音为[d]: believed, changed, planned, preferred,followed, stayed③-ed在[t]、[d] 后发音为[id]: wanted, needed, admitted, permitted二. 不规则变化英语中有些动词的过去式和过去分词形式变化不规则,可主要分为几种情况。
【AAA型】:put—put—put cut—cut—cut shut—shut—shutset—set—set hit—hit—hit hurt—hurt—hurtcost—cost—cost ★read/ri:d/—read/red/—read/red/ let—let—letburst—burst—burst (n. / v.爆发,突发;爆炸)cast—cast—cast (v. 1. 投,掷,抛,扔,撒2. 投射(光、影、视线等)[(+at/on)]3. 脱落;蜕(皮);丢)rid—rid—rid (vt. 使摆脱;使去掉) spread—spread—spread【ABB型】:(原形→aught / ought→aught / ought)catch caught caught teach taught taught bring brought brought buy bought bought think thought thought【原形→元音变化→元音变化】sit sat sat meet met met find found foundget got got stand stood stood understand understood understood win won won hold held held shine shone shonedig dug dug hang hung/hanged hung/hanged【原形→“…t”→“…t”】lose lost lost build built built spill spilt spilt spoil spoilt spoiltsend sent sent spend spent spent smell smelt smelt feel felt felt mean meant meant learn learnt/learned learnt/learned lend lent lent 【原形→“…d”→“…d”】hear heard heard make made made have(has) had had pay paid paid say said said lay laid laid sell sold sold tell told told【“ee/ea”→“e..t”→“e..t”】sleep slept slept sweep swept swept keep kept kept leave left left 【ABC型】:【原形→变形→原形+en/ne】be(am,is) was been be(are) were been see saw seen do did donego went gone beat beat beaten eat ate eaten give gave givenhide hid hidden fall fell fallen mistake mistook mistakentake took taken drive drove driven rise rose risen ride rode ridden write wrote written【原形→“-o-”→“过去式-n”】break broke broken speak spoke spoken choose chose chosenforget forgot forgotten freeze froze frozen wake woke/waked woken/waked (原形→“ew”→“原形-n”)draw drew drawn blow blew blown show showed shown *fly flew flown grow grew grown throw threw thrown know knew known【原形→“-a-”→“-u-”】begin began begun ring rang rung drink drank drunk sing sang sung sink sank/sunk sunk/sunken swim swam swum【原形-ear →“-ore”→“-orn”】wear wore worn tear tore torn bear bore born【原形-ake →“-ook”→“-aken”】take took taken shake shook shaken miatake mistook mistaken【原形-i辅e→“-o辅e”→“-i辅(辅)e”】drive drove driven ride rode riden rise rose risen write wrote written strive(v.努力) strove striven【ABA型】become became become come came come run ran runovercome overcame overcome【AB型】(无过去分词)may might must must can could shall should will would。
动词过去式过去分词变化规则
动词过去式过去分词变化规则
动词过去式和过去分词的变化规则因动词的种类而有所不同。
下面是
一些常见的规则:
1. 一般规则:动词过去式通常在动词原形后加上-ed。
例如:play
→ played, walk → walked。
2. 以-e结尾的动词:如果动词原形以-e结尾,只需在末尾加上-d。
例如:live → lived, dance → danced。
3. 单个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节单词:如果动词原形是一个重读
闭音节单词,且结尾只有一个辅音字母,需双写这个辅音字母再加上-ed。
例如:stop → stopped, plan → planned。
4. 以“辅音字母+ y”结尾的动词:如果动词原形是以一个辅音字母
加上-y结尾,将-y改为-i再加上-ed。
例如:carry → carried, study → studied。
5. 特殊变化:有些动词原形的过去式和过去分词形式发生不规则变化,需要单独记忆。
例如:go → went, be → was/were。
需要注意的是,英语中有很多不规则动词,它们的过去式和过去分词
形式与一般规则不同,需要单独记忆。
一些常见的不规则动词包括:eat
→ ate, see → saw, break → broke, write → wrote等。
总之,掌握动词的过去式和过去分词形式需要多加练习和积累,熟悉
常见的规则和不规则动词变化形式,以便正确运用。
动词过去式和过去分词的变化规则
动词过去式和过去分词的变化规则不规则动词过去式和过去分词动词过去式和过去分词的变化规则不规则动词过去式和过去分词归纳(一)、不规则动词过去式和过去分词动词的过去式和过去分词是初中英语教学中的重点,而有些动词的不规则变化是这些重点中的难点,但这些不规则变化也不是毫无规律可循的。
现将初中英语中一些常用的不规则动词变化介绍如下。
一、原形、过去式和过去分词的词形和读音都相同的单词,结尾字母一般是t或d。
如:cut-cut-cut,hit-hit-hit,put-put-put,cost-cost-cost,let-let-let,shut-shut-shut,set-set-set,hurt-hurt-hurt,spread-spread-spread 特殊:动词read的过去式和过去分词虽然词形与原形一致,read-read-read,但发音分别是[ri:d]-[red]-[red]。
二、有些动词的过去分词与原形是一样的。
如:come-came-come,become-became-become,run-ran-run,overcome-overcame-overcome三、有些动词的过去式和过去分词相同。
如:1.把单词结尾的字母d改为t。
如:lend-lent-lent,spend-spent-spent,send-sent-sent 2.改变单词中间元音字母。
如:sit-sat-sat,win-won-won,shine-shone-shone,hold-held-held 3.以eep结尾的动词,把eep改为ept。
如:keep-kept-kept,sleep-slept-slept,sweep-swept-swept 4.过去式和过去分词都以augh或ough结尾的动词。
如:buy-bought-bought,fight-fought-fought,think-thought-thought,bring-brought-brought,teach-taught-taught,catch-caught-caught 5.有的以ay结尾的动词,在过去式和过去分词中把ay变成aid。
动词过去式及过去分词变化规则归纳总结
动词过去式和过去分词的变化规则:动词过去式和过去分词有规则变化和不规则变化两种。
规则变化:1. 一般情况直接加ed,如ask—asked, work—worked2. 以不发音的e结尾,只加d,如love—loved, dance—danced3. 以辅音字母加y结尾,把y变为i,再加ed,如try—tried, study—studied4. 以一个元音字母和一个辅音结尾的重读闭音节结尾的动词(以重读闭音节或r音节结尾而末尾只有一个辅音字母),先双写末尾这个辅音字母,再加ed,如stop—stopped, permit—permitted现在分词的变化规则:1、一般在词尾加-ing(一般-ing)。
例如: going,playing,knowing2、以不发音的字母e结尾,先去e再加-ing(去e)。
例如:making,arriving,coming3、以重读闭音节结尾,且词尾只有一个辅音字母时,先双写这个辅音字母,再加-ing(重闭单辅先双写)。
例如:running,stopping,preferring4、以-ie结尾,先将-ie改成y,再加-ing。
例如:tying,dying, lying口诀:现在进行ing,以e 结尾要去e,除去几个特殊词,系住tie-tying死去die-dying要躺下lie-lying,直接ie变成y,一元一辅双写辅(单音节的词)。
把原形变单数第三人称方法1、一般情况加S2、以s,x,ch,sh,o结尾的加es3、y前是辅音改y为i加es4、特殊情况have变has规则的可数名词的复数变化规则:1.一般情况加 s : book-- books mouth---mouths house---houses girl---girls2.以 s 、 sh 、 ch 、 x结尾的加 es : class--- classes box----boxes match----matches3.辅音字母 + y结尾的变 y为 i加es: city---cities country----countries party----parties factory----factories4.以 o 结尾的词 +es的只有以下词:heroes Negroes tomatoes potatoes zeroes/zeros以 o 结尾并且词尾有两个元音字母 +s radios, zoos, bamboos ,(pianos ,kilos photos)5.以f, fe 结尾的变f或fe为v +es :一、人称代词表示“我”、“你”、“他”、“她”、“它”、“我们”、“你们”、“他们”的词,叫做人称代词。
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常见动词过去式、过去分词的变化规则
动词过去式和过去分词有规则变化和不规则变化两种。
一、规则变化:
1. 一般情况直接加ed,如ask—asked, work—worked
2. 以不发音的e结尾,只加d,如love—loved, dance—danced
3. 以辅音字母加y结尾,把y变为i,再加ed,如try—tried, study—studied
4. 以一个元音字母和一个辅音结尾的重读闭音节结尾的动词(以重读闭音节或r 音节结尾而末尾只有一个辅音字母),先双写末尾这个辅音字母,再加ed,如stop—stopped, permit—permitted
注:A. 以l结尾的动词,尾音节重读时,双写l,如control—controlled;尾音节不重读时,双不双写都可以,如travel—traveled(美) /travelled(英) 。
B. 特例:picnic—picnicked—picnicked(去野餐),traffic—trafficked—trafficked (交易,在…通行),prefer—preferred—preferred较喜欢,refer—referred—referred提到
另外,还有很多动词的过去式和过去分词是不合乎上述规则的,需要熟记.(见后)
C. 读音与说明:
①.-ed在清辅音音素后发音为[t]: helped, liked, finished, fetched, stopped, clapped
②.-ed在浊辅音和元音后发音为[d]: believed, changed, planned, preferred, followed, stayed
③.-ed在[t]、[d] 后发音为[id]: wanted, needed, admitted, permitted
二、不规则变化
⒈ A---A---A型(现在式、过去式、过去分词同形)
口诀1:2H(hit, hurt)花钱(cost)让(let) 3S(set,shut,spread)放(put)(下)读书(read)(去)切割(cut)
⒉ A---A---B型(现在式和过去式同形)
口诀2:打败天下无敌手,过去分词加en
⒊ A---B---A型(现在式和过去分词同形)
口诀3:跑、来、成为、(杨)超越,元音字母变成a
⒋ A---B---B型(过去式与过去分词同形)
(1)原形→aught→aught
口诀4:教书被抓,变成aught
(2)原形→ought→ought
口诀5:想买(个)熊球(寻求)带来打架
(3)eep→ept→ept
口诀:睡觉保持清扫,变成ept
(4)词尾-ell变成-old
注:复述卖告诉
(5)词尾变成-elt
注:感觉闻(到)拼写
(6)词尾-ild、-end,把d变成t
注:使(史)弯曲借出送花费建造(重建)(7)词尾+t
注:梦(见)着火,跳跃学习处理意思
(8)词尾ay变成aid
注:付给说下蛋
(9)2个元音减少一个
口诀6:喂(牛)加速繁殖,遇见领导射击,出血,去掉后一个元音字母。
(10)其他
⒌ A---B---C型(现在式、过去式和过去分词都不相同)
(1)原形(-aw,-ow)→ew→own
注:长(grow)大后,才知道(know),不要乱扔(throw)乱吹(blow)乱画(draw)乱飞(fly),show例外
(2)原形i→a→u
注:铃响(ring)后,开始(begin)唱歌(sing),游泳(swim)时,不要喝(drink)太多的水,否则会下沉(sink)的
(3)原形-ear,过去式-ore,过去分词-orn
注:发誓扯破穿戴生育,ear变ore,分变orn。
hear例外
(4)元音变成--o_e,分词过去式+n
口诀22:偷盗醒来说选择打破结冰
(5)元音--i_e,过去式--o_e,过去分词原形后+n
注:驾驶骑车升起写字。
注意骑车写字双写辅音(d和t),give,hide例外。
(6)原形→过去式→过去分词:原形后+(e)n
口诀25:给吃禁止原谅摇动,证明看到落下在(带)犯错
(7)其他
注意lie与lay的区别
6.情态动词——没有过去分词的动词can(能够)---could,
may(也许)---might
must(必须)---must
shall(将/会)---should
will(将/愿意)---would
need(需要)---needed
dare(敢)---dared
7.过去式和过去分词有两种形式
区别一:在主动语态中,只能用borne.如:
She has borne him six children.她给他生了6 个孩子.
她生了一男一女.
误:She has born a son and a daughter.
正:She has borne a son and a daughter.
区别二:在带有by 短语的被动语态中,要用borne.如:
他是一个英国妇女生的.
误:He was born by an English woman.
正:He was borne by an English woman.
区别三:用于be born 表示“出生”时,不用borne.如:
He was born in Beijing on April 15,1966.他于1966年4月15日出生在北京.
Ten children are born in this hospital every day.这家医院每天有10个孩子出生.
He was born to [of] wealthy parents.他出生在有钱人家.
He was born French,but later took Canadian citizenship.他生为法国人,但后来取得了加拿大的公民身份.
有时用于比喻义.如He was born to be a great writer.他生来就注定是一个伟大的作家.
区别四:born 有时可用于名词前作定语,表示“天生的”,此时不能用borne.如:He was a born poet.他天生是个诗人.
区别五:若用于“生育”之外的其他意义,其过去分词要用borne.如:
The task is borned on our shoulders.这任务落在我们的肩上.。