7 WASTES
7大浪费经典介绍(中英文版)ppt课件
Equipment
Downtime 设备停机时间
Poor layout 糟糕的厂区布局
Supplier Quality 供应商的质量
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Low Down Inventory To Expose Problem
通过降库存暴露问题
库存水平
维修问题 效率问题 质量问题
交货问题
23
23
Waste of Motion
• Define and discuss value added and non-value added 定义和讨论“增值”与“非增值”
• Identify and discuss ways to eliminate waste 辨认和探讨消除浪费的方法
5
5
Identification of Waste 浪费的识别
Why? 为什么?
Therefore 因此
The greater the resistance 阻力越大
4
To improve we must continuously change 要提高就必须不断改进
For every action (change) there is an equal & opposite reaction 每一次用力(改变)都会有相应的反作用力
磨削工序
11
11
Value Added – Examples
增值案例
Is it Value Added (VA) or Non-Value Added (NVA)?
请判断是否增值?
VA增值 NVA不增值 Cutting operation
切削工序
Grinding operation
Seven_Waste_七大浪废
Seven Wastes
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Example
搬运的浪费
物料储存区距离使用单位非常远
( 仓库到针车19线有 100 米的距离 )
仓库
结果: 我们必须通知搬运员去哪里取料 我们需要额外的库存区 我们需要额外的物料搬运员和设备
Seven Wastes 14
等待的浪费
定义: 人、机器或产品在 “睡觉” 影响:时间、空间、劳力、潜在的报废、 $$$ 原因:不清楚或没有标准,布置等 • 范例 …………..?
Seven Wastes
15
Waste of Waiting (People) 人的等待
In the above photo, why was this waste generated? 在这个例子中,为什么浪费会产生呢?
Seven Wastes 16
Waste of waiting (machine) 机器的等待
Seven Wastes
29
多余制程的浪费
定义: 在加工或组装产品中,做一些对顾客品质期望不必要的操作工序 • 影响:时间、成本、劳力、$$$ • 原因:不清楚或没有标准 范例 …………..?
Seven Wastes
30
Waste of Over-Process 多余制程的浪费
What causes this waste? 计算半成品的数量. 为什么会产生这样的浪费呢 ?
•
不可避免的不增加价值活动 Incidental 没有增加价值,但在当前的技术及生产条件下无法避免的 生产活动。
•
浪费(不增加价值) Non Value Added – 没有增加价值(改变材料的形状、形式或 功能),且可以立刻消除的活动。
Seven Wastes
Walk By - 7Wastes 7种浪费
Walk By – 7 wastesSELV July 2 – July 5, 2012Walk-by / Lean Manufacturing / SPSA principle concept of Lean Manufacturing (and SPS) is that most problems are visible and the best improvement ideas will come from people going to the factory floor and observing the problems. A “Walk-by” is a special way to test our own assumptions about what is going on in the process by “seeing” the actual process running. In the SPS, this is the first part of the concept “I SEE, I DO”. More often than not, when we actually “see”, we see that something else is going on than what we expected. The regular Walk-by is, finally, to check whether progress is happening at the desired pace. Walk-by is an essential responsibility of all MBC and DVC employees.Schneider Electric - GST \ SPS – G. PARRINI – 2010 2Walk-by is an essential part of the SPS assessmentWalk-by, during an SPS assessment, is a good opportunity to have the vision of the factory floor from the eyes of a person unfamiliar to the plant. Assessors are not safety experts but each time they “walk-by” they look for safety issues. Most of the issues seen are not expert related issues but simple observations of behavior that could be seen at one moment and may not be observed later. The Schneider plant of Pisek gives the name “Ghost” to those issues highlighted during a Walk-bySchneider Electric - GST \ SPS – G. PARRINI – 20103Walk by is also an extremely effective tool for the identification of waste●During the walk-by…● We see ● We ask why? ●And most of the time the reply is: “That’s an exceptional situation, you will not see it again tomorrow” This is not an acceptable response to a “why” question!Schneider Electric - GST \ SPS – G. PARRINI – 201047 Main wastes (MUDA)WaitingTTransport & HandlingWOverproductionO O D5IInventoryOver processingMMotion Defects & ReworkSchneider Electric - GST \ SPS – G. PARRINI – 2010Waste: Transportation● Two seconds of value added timeWeld Parts, place in bin Move & place bin on trolley Transport trolley to Warehouse Move bins to pallet Wrap pallet● Opportunity to reduce waste, reduce NPV costsTransport pallet to Rack Transport pallet from rack Put in shipping lane Transport pallet to truckSchneider Electric - GST \ SPS – G. PARRINI – 20106Waste: Transportation● Waste of labor ● What if ???????● Subcon shipped 12 trays already on a trolley? ● How much NPV labor can be saved? ● NPV at subcon and in warehouse.“White poles” from subcon received in trays on pallets 120,000 poles per day Trays on the pallet Trays are transferred from pallet to trolley Total number of trolleys Motions per trolley: 1 pull of 7 trays, manual move of 572 poles per tray1,667 trays 7 trays per stack 12 trays per trolley 139 2-3 “pulls” per trolleySchneider Electric - GST \ SPS – G. PARRINI – 20107Waste: Transportation● Is this optimized? Is this productive?Schneider Electric - GST \ SPS – G. PARRINI – 20108Waste: Inventory● Waste of inventory always leads to wasted floor space (square meters)Schneider Electric - GST \ SPS – G. PARRINI – 20109Waste: Inventory● Waste of inventory always leads● Waste of space ● Waste of Moving / TransportationSchneider Electric - GST \ SPS – G. PARRINI – 201010Waste: Motion●Operator must manually remove the welded part before putting in the new parts to be welded●67 Welders do not have auto eject●Time lost = .5 –1.0 secondsExample of Potential Savings Calculation Average welds per machine:5,800X 3 Shifts 17,400X 60 machines 1,044,000Manual eject time .5 seconds Totalopportunity 8,700 minutes 145 hoursCurrent Time spent (60 people X 3 shifts X 8 hours 1,440 hoursProductivity10%Waste: Waiting●Every day that I went to the floor there was a different cell stopped and people waiting.Waitin gWaitin gWaitin gWaitin gIf you have a flexibleworkforce, can’t we findWaitin g Waitin gsomething else for the people to do?Waste: Overproduction●Finished goods inventory–in the factory!!!●It cannot be MTO if you have stock!●MTO MOQ Must = 1Waste: Over-processing●Inspection: human visual inspectionis only good to about 5000 PPM●If we have advancedAutomated equipment, whydo we need a finished goodsampling plan ?●It is hard to be so good●You have an excellent plant●So what does SELV do to improve?See the waste●Even the smallest waste, multiplied many times, can equal huge savings.Challenge everything●Tribal Knowledge & Assumptions●When you are good….●And you have been doing many things the same for along time●It is sometimes hard to question what you are doing.●Challenge everything, challenge the processes,challenge the rules●Think creatively●There is no such thing as a dumb idea.Be creative●“We can’t because…”●The biggest waste in every company is the waste of our employee’s creativity●Involve all of your employees in the change process●Leverage their collective intelligence and their experience●Never talk about why you can not do something●Always talk about how you can do it.Benchmark●Against the best, not the others ●Against internal, but also external。
7S要点简述
清洁
日:Seiketsu
英:Sanitary
通过制度化来维持成果
维持以上3S工作,使其规范化、标准化,使环境整洁干净、明亮清爽
坚持“3不要”的原则——
即不要放置不用的东西,不要弄乱,不要弄脏;
不仅物品需要清洁,现场工人同样需要清洁;
工人不仅要做到形体上的清洁,而且要做到精神的清洁。
5
素养
日:Shitsuke
7S要点简述
No.
7S
外文
目的
要点
效果
1
整理
日:Seiri
英:Sort
将"空间"腾出来活用
清理物品,区分“要”与“不要”,不要的坚决予以处理;
改善和增加作业面积;现场无杂物,行道通畅,提高工作效有利于减少库存、节约资金。
2
整顿
日:Seiton
英:Straighten
不因小失大,勿以善小而不为,勿以恶小而为之,
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节约
英:Save
勤俭节约
物尽其用
对时间、空间、能源等方面合理利用,以发挥他们的最大效能,是对整理工作的补充和指导
秉持三个观念:
1.能用的东西尽可能利用;
2.以自己就是主人的心态对待企业的资源;
3.切勿随意丢弃,丢弃前要思考其剩余的使用价值。
Tony Han /20111021整理
英:Sentiment
提升人的品质
养成讲礼义、有道德、自觉遵守纪律等习惯,自觉遵守纪律和规则
通过素质的提高,唤醒人的自主管理能力,从而自觉做好各项工作。
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安全
英:Safety
让人身与财产不受侵害
建立健全各项安全管理制度;
对操作者的技能进行训练;
LEAN专用词
Push system 推式生产 Pull system 拉式生产 Muda 浪费 Kaizen 改善 Kanban 看板Visual control system 目视控制系统 Mass production大规模生产 mised-model production混和型生产one piece flow 单件流程 water spider水蜘蛛 mistake-proofing错误校正 Red tag 红牌TT(Takt time)生产节奏 WIP(work in process) 库存 VSM(value steam map)价值溪流图表格明细:標准作業票Standard Work Sheet多能工表Multi Skilled Sheet改善事例记录本Kaizen Event Record价值流程图Value Stream/Process Flow Chart快速换模/线查核表Quick change over checklist每小時生產管理表EVN Hourly Production Management Sheet生產狀況趨勢圖Production Trend Chart上游单位评估记录表The Status of up stream sub cell/supplier measured材料需求表Material requirement listseven muda七大浪费the seven wastes are overproduction in excess of demand, waiting for the next processing step, unnecessarytransprot of materials, overprocessing of parts due to poor tool and product design, inventories greater than the absolute minimum needed, unnecessary movement by employees during the course of their word,and theproduction of defective partsCEDAC 鱼骨图cause-and -effect diagram with the addition of cards): a significant enhancement to the widely usedIsakawa"fishbone"diagramming technique for problem solvingQCO (Quick Changeover) 快速转换:the installation of a new tool in a metalworking machine.A changeover begins after the last good piece off onerun has been produced(and inspected, if necessary, to confirm that it is good) and ends when the first goodpiece off the new run is producedNon-value-adding非增值Any activity in a production process that is considered wasteful; which is th say, any activity that does notchange material of does not add information to a product or service in a way that the end-user values enoughto pay for.BCS(Build Customer Schedule)计划执行率D2D(Dock to Dock)生産前導時間:a tactical measurement used to indicate the veocity of material in the production process starting with the receipet of raw materials to the shipment of that meterial to a customer orderRFT(right the first time)一次达标率MLT( Manufacturing lead time)制造期:the amount of time nominally taken from the issuance of raw material through the prodution process to thecompletion of the saleable productTPM(Total Productive Maintenance)全员生产保全A Japanese Kaizen Strategy focus on improving the efficiency of machine to gain the overall profit of thecompanyfocused equipment improvement聚焦设备改进:an approach, applied in the later stages of total productive maintenance, that focuses on specific equipment proameters of capabilities so as to improve the overall equipment effectiveness.OEE(overall equipment effectiveness)设备总体有效性the primary metric of total productive maintenance that indicates a single piece of equipment's actualcontribution as a percentage of its potential to add value to the value streamMatrix diagram矩阵图:a graph used to show the relationship between two or more diffrerent factors。
waste是什么意思
waste是什么意思waste表达的意思有很多种,那么你知道waste做动词,名词和形容词分别都有哪些意思吗?下面店铺为大家带来waste的英语意思解释和英语例句,欢迎大家一起学习!waste作名词的意思:浪费,白费,挥霍钱财;废料,废品waste作动词的意思:浪费;徒劳;(使)损耗;(使)消瘦waste作形容词的意思:废弃的,无用的,荒芜的waste的英语音标:英 [weist] 美 [west]waste的时态:现在分词: wasting过去式: wasted过去分词: wastedwaste的英语例句:1. Solid low-level waste will be disposed of deep underground.放射性水平低的固体废料将做地下深埋处理。
2. They make compost out of all kinds of waste.他们用各种废料制造堆肥。
3. Overcrowding has taxed the city's ability to deal with waste.人口过多使得城市的垃圾处理能力达到了极限。
4. The ability to separate out reusable elements from other waste is crucial.能从其他废料中分离出可重复利用成分是很关键的。
5. I think that is a total waste of money.我认为那完全是浪费金钱。
6. The aphid is now laying waste to the wheat and barley fields.蚜虫正在毁掉一片片的小麦和大麦田地。
7. I'm not one to waste time on just anyone.我可不是个随便浪费时间在任何人身上的人。
8. You could waste your whole life on a pipe-dream.白日梦会荒废你一生。
Seven MODAS七种浪费
Eliminate Wastes 消除七种浪费 • • • • • • • Correction 返工 Overproduction 过量 生产 Conveyance 搬运 Motion 多余动作 Waiting 等待 Inventory 库存 Processing 过程不当
Definition of Wastes 什么是浪 费?
一切物料搬运
活动
Waste of Material Movement Conveyance 物料搬运
Characteristics特征:
• • • • • Extra Fork Trucks Multiple Storage Locations Extra Facility Space Incorrect Inventory Counts Opportunity for Damage 多余的叉车,空间,物品损坏
• Incapable Processes / 能力不足 • Operator Control Error / 操作不当 • Insufficient Training / 培训不足
7SEA
7SEA管理目录什么是7SEA7SEA管理的要素什么是7SEA7SEA是由素养(Sentiment)、整理(Sort)、整顿(Straighten)、清扫(Sweep)、清洁(Sanitary)、安全(Safety)、节约(Save)、环保(Environmental protection)和活动(Activity)的英文开头字母构成的,其也是7SEA管理法的要素。
7SEA现场管理法是"5S管理"的基础上进一步完善发展起来的。
7SEA管理的要素(一) 管理要素7SEA现场管理法中的字母分别是"素养(Sentiment)"、"整理(Sort)"、"整顿(Straighten)"、"清扫(Sweep)"、"清洁(Sanitary)"、"安全(Safety)"、"节约(Save)"、"环保(Environmental protection)"和"活动(Activity)"、的英文开头字母,也是构成7SEA管理法的要素。
现场是由各生产要素构成的,现场管理是对人、机、料、法、环、信息、制度等生产要素的综合管理,而人不仅是诸多生产和管理要素的核心,更是实施各项管理的主体。
因此,只有把员工作为系统最重要的要素,去主动推动和保证系统的运行,才能在系统中的其他要素发生变化时,由人这个第一要素及时准确地进行相应的变化,推动系统的处理和反馈,使生产现场的各要素重新达到和谐统一。
没有了人,再完善的系统也将失去生命力。
而和人员的数量相比,高素质的员工是系统的决定性的要素。
因此,应把高素质的员工作为现场管理的根本,首先对"5S"的顺序进行调整,把"素养"作为7SEA的第一条,纲举目张,总领其它要素,并且对各要素的内容进行了充实和新的诠释,进一步发展和完善了"5S"管理。
waste的第三人称单数和短语例句
waste的第三人称单数和短语例句waste的第三人称单数: wastes waste的词组短语: waste water 污水,废水 solid waste 固体废物,固态废物;固体废料,固体垃圾 waste gas 废气 a waste of 浪费… waste water treatment 废水处理,污水处理 waste第三人称单数例句: 1. nuclear weapons plants across the country are heavily contaminated with toxic wastes. 全国的核武器工厂均受到了有毒废弃物的严重污染。
2. he decided to do something about reforesting man-made wastes of western australia. 他决定为在澳大利亚西部人为导致荒芜的土地上重新造林做点事情。
3. the system wastes a large amount of water. 这套系统浪费了大量的水。
4. he wastes time fiddling about with minor matters. 他把时间都浪费在鸡毛蒜皮的小事上。
5. the functionof the kidneys is to excrete wastes from the body. 肾的功能是排泄人体里的废物. 6. these wastes are finally eliminated from the body in the urine. 这些废物最后从尿中排出. 7. all wastes are usually eliminated from the body before death. 通常在(人)死亡之前一切废物都从体内排出. 8. we traveledthrough treeless wastes. 我们穿过了没有树木的荒地.9. the explorers spent months in the arctic wastes. 探险家们在北极荒原上工作了几个月. 10. his failureto turn his attention to flagrant wastes of public moneyis inexcusable. 他未能注意到公共资金的公然浪费,这是不可原谅的。
7大浪费培训资料
原因 Causes – 不好的或错误的设备/工装 Poor or wrong machine/tool – 不一致的作业方法 Inconsistent work methods – 规定的附件不正确 Incorrect hardware specified
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七大浪费 Seven wastes
动作 (任何人或设备对产品或服务不增值的动作) Motion (Any movement of people or machines that does not add value to the product or service)
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削减浪费的目的 Purpose of eliminating wastes 浪费成本 Co$t of waste
在本区域内发现和确定 Catch and fix in own area
X1
在下一个区域内发现和确定 Catch and fix in next area
X10
在发货前发现和确定 Catch and fix before shipping
原因 Causes – 工厂布局不好 Poor plant layout – 过程流程不理解 Poor understanding of the process flow – 大批量产品数量 Large batch sizes – 生产长周期 Long lead times – 巨大的存储区 Large storage areas 例子 Example(s) – 生产用组件离线存放 Components off-line storage – 半成品生产线中堆积 WIP stacking in the process
英语waste是什么中文意思
英语waste是什么中文意思英语waste是什么中文意思英语waste是一个多词性的单词,我们要知道它不只有一种中文意思的。
以下是店铺为大家整理了英文单词waste具体的中文意思,欢迎大家参考。
waste的中文意思英 [west] 美 [west]第三人称单数:wastes现在分词:wasting过去分词:wasted过去式:wasted名词:浪费,白费,挥霍钱财;废料,废品,废物;荒地,荒芜;消耗(量),损耗及物/不及物动词:浪费;徒劳;(使)损耗;(使)消瘦及物动词:破坏;干掉;(游戏或比赛中)大胜形容词:废弃的,无用的,荒芜的相关例句:及物动词1. He was wasted by disease.他因患病而虚弱。
2. Long dry periods wasted the land.长期的干旱使土地荒芜。
不及物动词1. Turn the water off. Don't let it waste.把水关上,别让它白白流掉。
名词1. The city was burnt to a desolate waste.这城市被焚毁成废墟。
2. A lot of poisonous waste from the chemical works polluted the river.化工厂的许多有毒废料污染这条河。
waste的情景对话生意场上A:I would suggest that you use this material instead of that .我建议你改用这种替代那种。
B:But that costs more .可是那样成本较高。
A:But you will get less waste from this .但可以减少浪费。
B:We‘ll try it once .那么就试一次看看吧。
咨询A:The last order didn‘t work out too well for us上回订的'货用起来不怎么顺。
7s整理整顿标准及要求(中英文)
生活及公共区
序号
No
区域
Area
项目对象
Article
整理实施的标准要求
SEIRI Standards
1
厂区
Plant Area
通道
Road
通道畅通,没有杂物阻挡通道现象;
Keep the roadsmooth without litter to block;
2
厂区
Plant Area
公共区
Public Area
6
车间Workshop
消防设备及设施
Firefighting Apparatus & Facilities
消防栓、灭火器柜体上不允许放置任何物品,且正面距离1米的范围内不允许放置任何物品;
No article is allowed to be placed on the cabinet of the fire-hydrants and fire extinguishers, and no article is allowed to be placed within 1m from the frontage thereof;
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作业区
Work zone
配件架பைடு நூலகம்
Accessories Rack
架子上没有不需要的物品存放,架子上的需要物品作好分类并依类别摆放;
No unnecessary articleshould beonthe rack,and necessaryarticles on the rack should be classified and placedby category;
6
厕所
Washroom
7 Wastes
‘value added’. 增值的活动。非增值的活动即是”Waste”浪费。 浪费 缺陷产品 过度生产 搬运 等待 过多库存 Defective Product Overproduction Transportation Waiting Inventory
动作浪费 Over Motion 过度加工 Over Processing
生产流程七大浪费
• Important to the customer. 对客户很重要。 对客户很重要。 • Transformation of information or material.改变了信息或产品。 改变了信息或产品。 改变了信息或产品 • DONE RIGHT THE FIRST TIME. 一次做对。 一次做对。 要同时符合以上三个要求的活动才是
举例
- 材料损失 - 加工工时损失 - 返工工时损失
后果
- 延期出货/客户抱怨 - 辅助材料损失 - 降价损失 -
过度生产
- 提前消耗不该发生的费用(材料费/人工费) - 隐藏“等待”浪费 - 品质风险 - 过多在制品/周期长 - 增加周转箱/空间/搬运/库存 - 搬运工时损失 - 购买搬运工具损失 - 物品移动摆放所需空间 - 产能损失 - 生产周期延长 - 延期出货 - 产生不必要的搬运/摆放/放置/寻找等动作浪费 - 现金/管理成本/空间/货架/品质风险/呆料,废料风险 - 掩盖问题,影响管理者的进一步改善的意识和动力 - 生产效率低 - 人机工程 - 安全 - 工时损失 - 生产周期延长 - 搬运造成品质不良
6
搬运的浪费
Defects 缺陷产品 Over Production 过度生产
Transportation 搬运
Waiting 等待 Inventory 库存 Over Motion 动作浪费 Over Processing 过度加工
waste用法详解
waste用法详解waste作为名词,有以下几种常见用法:1. 垃圾、废物:如household waste(家庭垃圾),industrial waste(工业废物)。
- We need to separate the recyclables from the rest of the waste.(我们需要把可回收物品与其他垃圾分开。
)2. 浪费、挥霍:表示不必要或不合理的使用资源(时间、金钱等)。
- Don't waste your time on pointless arguments.(不要把时间浪费在无意义的争论上。
)- It's a shame to waste all that food.(把那么多食物浪费掉真是可惜。
)3. 损耗、浪费:指因为某种原因而被耗费或失去效用。
- There is a lot of energy wasted in the form of heat.(有很多能量以热的形式被浪费掉。
)- We need to find a way to reduce water waste.(我们需要找到一种减少水的损耗的方式。
)4. (精力、能力的)消耗:表示精力、时间、能力等方面的消耗。
- Studying for exams can be mentally exhausting and a waste of time.(备考可以让人感到精疲力竭,而且是时间的浪费。
)- He felt drained after a long day at work and had nothing left to give. It felt like a waste.(在工作了一整天后,他感到筋疲力尽,没有了什么可付出的,感觉很浪费。
)5. 废物、残余:表示产生的副产品或没被充分利用的东西。
- The byproduct of this process is a toxic waste that needs to be disposed of safely.(这个过程产生的副产品是一种有毒的废物,需要安全处理。
精益管理专业术语
精益管理六西格玛——常用专业术语:(筛选)什么是六西格玛西格玛(大写Σ,小写σ)是希腊文的字母,其小写“σ”在统计学中称为标准差。
在六西格玛方法中,用来表示过程的质量水平,其中4σ=6210 /百万,5σ=230/百万,6σ=百万。
一般企业的产品瑕疵率大约是3~4σ,以4σ而言,相当于每一百万个机会里有6210次误差。
如果企业不断改进流程,达到6σ的程度,即在一百万个机会里只找得出个瑕疪,这样的绩效已经近于完美。
六西格玛作为流程改进方法论,最早是由摩托罗拉公司的比尔·史密斯于1986年提出,于20世纪90年代通过通用电气公司的实践得以发展和完善。
它通过精确的数理统计和分析,找出影响质量的因素并解决问题,力求使产品和服务的质量接近6σ水平。
随着实践的经验积累,六西格玛现在已不仅仅是一个衡量业务流程能力的标准和业务流程优化方法,而是已经衍生成一套成体系的管理哲学,为企业提高绩效提供了一套行之有效的方法,因此为世界各地越来越多的现代企业所采用,并逐渐从制造业、服务业拓展到医院和政府部门。
实施六西格玛管理的好处主要表现在以下几个方面:——提升企业管理能力——提升企业产能——增加财务收益——节约企业运营成本——提高顾客满意度——改进服务水平——形成积极向上的企业文化Five Whys (五个“为什么”)当遇到问题的时候,不断重复问“为什么”,目的要发现隐藏在表面下的问题根源。
例如,一个关于机器故障停机的例子:1.为什么机器停止工作?机器超负荷运转导致保险丝烧断了。
2.为什么机器会超负荷运转?没有能够对轴承进行充分的润滑3.为什么没有给轴承充分的润滑?润滑油泵泵送不足4.为什么泵送不足?润滑泵的转轴过于陈旧,甚至受损发出了“卡嗒卡嗒”的响声。
5.为什么转轴会破旧受损?由于没有安装附加滤网,导致金属碎屑进入了油泵。
如果没有反复的追问“为什么”,操作员可能只会简单的更换保险丝或者油泵,而机器失效的情况仍会再次发生。
waste的第三人称单数和短语例句
Waste英[weɪst] 美[weɪst] vt. 浪费;滥用;白费;糟蹋;未充分利用;使…屈才;干掉;(游戏或比赛中)大胜,把…打得落花流水第三人称单数:wastesWastesAs if in confirmation, a line appears along the featureless wastes ahead.仿佛是在确认,一条线出现在前面没有特色的垃圾上。
What is to be done, she thought, if he refuses his food, starves, wastes away?她想,如果他拒绝食物,挨饿,浪费时间,该怎么办呢?These wastes are finally eliminated from the body in the urine.这些废物最后从尿中排出.All wastes are usually eliminated from the body before death.通常在(人)死亡之前一切废物都从体内排出.We traveled through treeless wastes.我们穿过了没有树木的荒地.The explorers spent months in the Arctic wastes.探险家们在北极荒原上工作了几个月.His failure to turn his attention to flagrant wastes of public money is inexcusable.他未能注意到公共资金的公然浪费,这是不可原谅的。
Most industrial wastes can be controlled by treatment and production process changes.通过处理和生产流程的改变,可以控制大多数工业废水.。
七英语单词
七英语单词●七的英语怎么读:seven,英[ˈsɛvən]美[ˈsɛvən]。
Seven years(七年);at sixes and sevens(乱七八糟)。
●In the largest room about a dozen children and seven adults are sittingon the carpet.●在最大的那个房间里,十几个孩子和七个大人正坐在地毯上。
●The legislation provides for the detention of suspected terrorists for upto seven days.●法律规定,对嫌疑恐怖分子最多可拘留七天。
●Tests at the age of seven provide a benchmark against which the child'sprogress at school can be measured.●七岁时进行的测试为孩子在学校中的学习发展提供了一个测量基准。
●On average doctors write just over seven prescriptions each year perpatient; in Germany it is double.●一个医生平均一年仅为每个病人开大约七个处方;而德国是这个数字的两倍。
●We started German in year seven.●我们在七年级开始学习德语。
●He was on the lam for seven years.●他曾在逃了七年。
●They journeyed for seven long months.●他们作了长达七个月的旅行。
●Of the seven bicycles we had, only two were fit for the road.●我们的七辆自行车中,只有两辆适合这种路。
●He was tried in absentia and sentenced to seven years in prison.●他在未出庭的情况下被判七年监禁。
waste的用法 (3)
Waste的用法简介Waste是一个英语单词,表示“浪费,废弃”的意思。
在日常生活和商业领域中,我们经常会遇到各种形式的浪费现象。
这篇文档将介绍waste的用法以及如何避免浪费。
动词用法1.waste on: 表示在某事上浪费时间、金钱或资源。
–例句:•She wasted all her money on uselessthings.•Don’t waste your time on people whodon’t appreciate your efforts.2.waste away: 指“消瘦或消磨”。
–例句:•He wasted away after months of illness.•The company’s profits have been wasting away for years.3.waste up: 意为“轻率行事或怠慢”。
–例句:•Don’t waste up your opportunities.•He wasted up his chances of promotion by not working hard.名词用法1.waste: 指“废弃物或垃圾”。
–例句:•Please dispose of your waste properly.•The city has implemented a wastemanagement program to reduce pollution.2.wasteland: 意为“废弃地或不毛之地”。
–例句:•The post-industrial area has turned into a wasteland.•The abandoned factory is now a desolate wasteland.避免浪费的方法1.节约用水和能源: 合理使用水资源和电力,例如关上不需要的灯光和电器,修复漏水和水龙头等。
2.减少食物浪费: 制定合理的食物购买计划,储存合适的食物量,合理利用剩余食物,避免浪费。
waste的用法
waste的用法
waste主要用作及物动词,接名词或代词作宾语。
也可用作名词,表示浪费,不可数,但可连用不定冠词。
用作形容词时,有荒芜的,废弃的等含义。
v.浪费; 滥用; 白费; 糟蹋; 未充分利用; 使…屈才;
n.浪费; 滥用; 白费; 糟蹋; 废料; 废物; 弃物; 垃圾;
adj.荒芜的; 废弃的; 丢弃的; 无用的;
第三人称单数:wastes 现在分词:wasting 过去式:wasted 过去分词:wasted
1.waste可用作名词,表示浪费,不可数,但可连用不定冠词。
waste也可作“废料,废弃物”解,指失去原使用价值的、陈旧、破损了的物品,是不可数名词,表示不同种类的废弃物时可用于复数形式。
It was mere waste of breath to argue with him.
和他辩论不过只是白费力气。
2.waste可用作动词
waste的基本意思是“浪费”,即对人、财、物等使用不当或没有节制。
其特征表现在主观方面是粗心或奢侈,表现在客观方面则是白白付出而没有取得成就或好处。
All his efforts were wasted.他的所有努力都白费了。
I don't like to waste your time.我不愿浪费你的时间。
3.waste可用作形容词有“废弃的,无用的”含义,在句中只用作定语。
He threw it away,thinking it was waste paper.
他把它扔掉,以为它是废纸。
感谢您的阅读,祝您生活愉快。
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Over Processing
Are we applying too much ? Do we do this too often ? Is that fettling / grinding really necessary ? Are those protectors really needed ? Do we need a stud & nut – would a bolt be adequate? Is all that packaging necessary?
7 WASTE MODULE V1.0
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Waiting
This is usually the easiest waste to see
Don’t have operators waiting for machines
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2
Process and Method Waste
Long changeover Poor workplace design No maintenance Temporary storage Equipment problems Unsafe methods Operator motion
3
Micro waste within process
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Transportation
• All material movement or handling is considered non-value added by the customer. Transportation, does not add value and should be minimized or eliminated. • Causes: – Batch processing – Poor layout/distance between operations – Long changeovers – Large lots – Finite storage areas – LIFO vs. FIFO
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Inventory
Turn product into CASH, reduce inventory, minimize buffers
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• Why is this??
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Remember ....
Total Cost Model
Raw Material Material
Housekeeping
The Good Ship?? Finished Product to Customer
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The Irony of Inventory
• Organisations that suffer from material & part shortages and have a poor delivery performance can usually be found to have excessive inventory levels.
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Waste Defined
• Activities that absorb resources but create no value • Also known as the 3Ms Muda The 7 deadly wastes Mura Unevenness of processes Muri Over burden of people or machines
Bending and reaching Double handling Excess walking Looking for stock Looking for tools Paperwork Speeds and feeds No standardised work
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Sea of Inventory
Product
Absenteeism
Delivery Transportation
Breakdown
Transportation
INVENTORY HIDES PROBLEMS
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Time
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Over processing
• Effort which adds no value to a product or service, enhancements which are ‘invisible’ to the customer. • Work which could be combined with another process. • Causes: – That’s the way we’ve always done it – Improper fixtures, tools, jigs – No standard work – Misuse of materials – Mistakes in process – Excessive checking – Closed-minded thinking – Poor layout
ESAB CENTRAL LEAN OFFICE 7 WASTE MODULE V1.0
Waste – (MUDA)
7 DEADLY WASTES
• Transport • Inventory • Motion • Waiting • Over Production • Over Processing • Defects
Excessive Inventory
• Excessive raw, WIP or finished goods inventory is wasteful • Inventory should exist for two reasons: – Buffer, required to maintain throughput in an environment where variation is present – Satisfy customer demand • Reducing variation enables inventory reduction
Waiting
• Idle time – any idle time such as watching equipment, waiting for inspection, waiting for raw material, waiting for maintenance, waiting for paper work… • Causes: – When two dependent activities are not fully synchronized – Insufficient amount of storage containers – Poor layout – Poor work balance – Unreliable equipment
7 WASTES
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7 WASTE MODULE V1.0
3 Levels of waste
1
Gross Waste
W.I.P PLANT LAYOUT REJECTS RETURNS REWORKS DAMAGED PRODUCTS CONTAINER SIZE BATCH SIZE POOR LIGHTING DIRTY EQUIPMENT MATERIAL DELIVERED TO POINT OF USE
• Causes: – Inventory is viewed as security (just in case) – Process not capable – No standard practices, lack of adherence – Poorly performing suppliers – Ineffective maintenance – Long setup times – Lack of workplace organization – Poor forecasting and production planning/scheduling – Lack of training – Producing to speculative demand (forecast) – Departmental layouts
CommunicationImຫໍສະໝຸດ alanceProblems
Manpower
Service
Motion
Take the work to the operator not the operator to the work
Eliminate walking Use pouches & dollies Everything within arms reach one at a time Parts orientation
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