商务英语综合教程(第二版) Unit 2

New Words
harmonize curb subsidy deliberately suspicion wane revamp reinforce
v. 使和谐 v. 控制，阻止 v. 资助金 adv. 有意地 n. 怀疑，猜疑 v. 减少，减弱 v. 重建，修改
v. 加强
Notes
1.invisible Barriers: 无形贸易壁垒 Barrier: anything that bars or stops progress or prevents persons or things from passing or entering. 一国政府限制或阻止商品 自由流入或流出该 国的任何行动，例如进出口关税、配额和禁运等。 2.global trade liberalization 全球贸易自由化 liberalization 自由化 指政府停止对进口和出口的控制。 3.Asian ire is directed for the moment at the European Union’s rules to deal with “dumped” imports--goods which the EU believes are being sold inside the 15- nation bloc at prices lower than the cost of production. 欧盟制定了对付“倾销”进口货的条例，因为欧盟相信这些货物在15 国联盟中正在以低于生产成本的价格出售，亚洲为此而感到愤慨。
Notes
5Multifibre Arrangement：(MFA) 多种纤维贸易安排即国际纺织品贸 易协议 6. Asians have long argued that the methods for determining injury to domestic industry and calculating dumping margins before imposing the fines are flawed. 亚洲人长期以来一直在抗议：在强行征缴罚款之前用来确定倾销对 于国内工业所带来的损失及核算倾销利润的方法存在问题。 impose(to sb./sth）: v. place (a penalty, tax, etc.) officially on sb. / sth 加 （罚金等）于某人 e.g. impose a further tax on wines and spirits 对果酒/烈性酒进行进一步 加税
New Words
pressure imposition provisional flagrant incriminate ambassador disrupt credibility reputation flawed bleak
n. 压力 n. 征税，课税 adj. 临时的 adj. 声名狼藉的 v. 控告 n.（驻外国）大使 v. 分裂 n. 可信性 n. 声誉 adj. 有瑕疵的，有缺陷的 v. 黯淡的
Notes
7. If WTO members can agree on clear guidelines for curbing industrial subsidies, for instance，Europeans won’t be able to argue that Asian companies are using government funds to keep their export prices deliberately low to capture markets. 如欧盟成员国就反工业补贴共同商定一个明确的纲领性文件，欧洲人也就 不会对亚洲公司使用政府基金直接降低出口价格去占领市场而提出抗议。 curb: prevent (sth) from getting out of control ; restrain 防止（ 某事物）失控；限制 e.g. curb spending waste, etc subsidy：n. 补贴 money paid, esp. by a government, to help an industry, , to keep prices down , etc. 一国政府无偿提供给个人或企业的资助,以使这些个人或企业能以市场所接受 的价格提供某些社会必不可少的产品或劳务。 在国际贸易中，政府也会向本 国的出口商提供补贴。
New Words
boost quota protectionism thriving commissioner legitimate weaver aggrieve substitute contend enthusiasm penalty wield
n. 繁荣 n. 配额 n.保护主义 adj. 令人震颤 n. 委员 adj. 合法的、正规的 n. 织者 v.(通常用被动语态) 使苦恼，使悲伤 v. 替换 v.奋斗，竞争 n. 热情 n. 惩罚，处罚 v. 使用
Biblioteka Baidu Notes
4.The EU, they complain, is using anti-dumping instruments to keep out low-cost Asian exports, even when there’s no proof of dumping or damage to European producers. 他们抱怨道，欧盟甚至在没有任何倾销或损害欧洲生产商利益证据的 情况下，使用反倾销工具来将低成本的亚洲出口品拒之门外。 anti-dumping: ECON. one form of action taken by a government to protect industries from unfair completion, usu. By means of special import duties, to reduce or stop imports of goods for sale at a price lower than in the country in which they were manufactured. （经）反倾销 政府为保护工业免受不公平竞争的损害而可能采取的 一种行动。通常采用特别进口关税的方式，用以减少或直至进口商品 已低于商品生产国国内的价格销售。还可采用另一种方法加以保护， 即通过一国政府与另一政府达成协议，限制出口量，甚至对出口商品 征收出口税，以使它们在进口国的市场上价格更昂贵，从而降低其竞 争力。
商务英语综合教程
Unit 2 Invisible Barriers
Introduction
Tariff, tax levied by a government on imports and exports, seems familiar to everyone. However, to get it clear is not as easy as it is supposed to be , and it is much more difficult to solve the disputes that resulted from it.