初中英语语法-英语从句总结
初中英语语法之——定语从句
注意:当先行词指人时,偶尔也可用关系代who, 如: / whohas a sense of duty won’t 1) Any man that __________ do such a thing. 任何有责任感的人都不会做这样的事。 2)All the guests___________ that / whowere invited to her wedding were important people. 所有应邀来参加她婚礼的客人都是重要人物。
定语从句
(Attributive clause)
一. 定语 定语用来限定、修饰名词或代词的,是对名词或 代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语(动词不定式 短语、动名词短语和分词短语)或句子,汉语中 常用‘……的’表示。 主要由形容词担任,此外,名词,代词,数词, 分词,副词,不定式以及介词短语也可以来担任, 也可以由一个句子来担任。 作定语时通常放在它所修饰的词之前,作前置定语。 短语和从句作定语时则放在所修饰的词之后,作 后置定语。
“who”是引导定语从句的关系词,代 替先行词the man,在定语从句中作主 语。
三、关系代词引导的定语从句 1. who指人,在从句中做主语 1)The boys who ____are playing soccer are from Class 1. 2)Yesterday I helped an old man who ____lost his way. 2. whom指人,在定语从句中充当宾语,在口语和 非正式语体中常用who代替,常可省略。 1) Mr. Liu is the person (whom/who) _____________you talked about. who/whom 2) The man ______________you met just now is my friend.
初中英语语法要点总结
初中英语语法要点总结Copyright by Terry LeeAll rights reserved1. 宾语从句2. 状语从句3 定语从句4. wish和hope5. thanks for和thanks to6. 感官动词用法之一7. 感官动词用法之二8. find和think部分用法9. would like / want / feel like10. 词序易错的短语11. 对“评价”“天气”提问之区别12. take, cost, pay, spend区别13. 双宾结构14. 部分词作连词与介词15. 动词ed / ing作形容词用法之一16. 动词ed / ing作形容词用法之二17. 动词ing和带to不定式作主语18. later / after / ago / before19. 四季20. 十二个月21. 星期几22. 四个“也”23. 带to不定式用法之一24. little /few/ a little / a few用法25. as……as用法26. Must I / May I / Need I…? 用法27. prefer用法28. some-, any-, every-用法29. 动词时态和形式30. if / whether区别31. 因为32. happen与take place区别33. so与such区别34. so的另两个用法35. neither / nor用法之一36. keep, make, get, have用法37. used短语区别38. 介词through / past / across 区别39. the number of / a number of40. 延续性动词与短暂性动词41. all / each / both / none / either / neither42. 计量表达法43. too much, too many与much too44. 及物动词+ 副词45. 反意疑问句46. put on, wear, dress, in47. in + 名词表形容词或副词或作状语48. other(s) / the other(s) / another49. how long /how often /how soon /how far50. 分数表达51. 三个“到达”52. 感叹句53. because/ instead / out 单独使用及加of54. hear 与hear of区别55. alone 与lonely区别56. belong to与be57. by常见用法58. be good 四短语59. 比较级与最高级部分要点60. talk, tell, say, speak61. sometime(s) / some time(s)62. need 的用法63. do with 与deal with64. 就近原则65. 主谓一致66. quite / such / really用法之一67. 部分用what 提问的句型68. there be部分用法69. 常见表否定的词或短语70. 常见后接动词原形的词或短语71. 常见后接动词ing的词或短语72. 常见后接带to不定式的词或短语73. 被动语态用法74. 名词或所属格作定语75. win与beat区别76. 代词it/that/ this / one部分用法77. at the end of, by the end of, in the end区别78. have gone to, have been to, have been in区别79. all 与whole用法80. a bit / a little区别81. 短语“擅长/ 不擅长”“对…有利/有害”82. 表数量的词与短语的部分用法83. 易用错的副词84. 常用于现在完成时的词或短语85. 形容词与副词区别86. everyday与every day87. everyone与every one88. none与no one89. 乘交通工具之表达90. kind of 与kinds of91. rain / snow / wind的常见修饰词92. day的部分用法93. 个别名词的部分用法94. leave的用法95. ill与sick的区别96. return用法97. favorite与own的类似结构98. stop / start / like / forget / remember / go on等词或短语的不同99. 人称代词形式100. 基数词和序数词101. room / space / place的区别102. 常见国籍、人及语言的对应103. ―the+序数词‖ 与―a / an +序数词‖的区别104. j ob与work105. with和in表示“用”106. 时刻之表达107. be + 形+ of sb 与for sb的区别108. t ake, bring, fetch与carry109. 条件与祈使110. in / on / at + 时间111. one day,someday / some day112. m issing与lost113. 常见部分名词及其修饰词114. 个别疑问句的常见否定回答115. fun的用法116. except / except for / besides117. 常见含介词to的短语118. because与why的部分用法119. no与not的区别120. T hat’s all right./ All right./ That’s right./That’s all. 的区别121. o n表方式的用法122. 用yes与no回答时要注意的问题123. o n与in和tree的搭配124. 时间状语什么情况下前无介词125. 表地点的副词的更多用法126. 冠词的部分用法127. 概数和确数128. 否定的比较级表最高级的含义129. 个别with易错短语归纳130. 倒装句部分用法附录:不规则动词表初中英语语法及各要点总结(The 10th edition)(Copyright by Terry LeeAll rights reserved )1. 宾语从句:怎样判断出一个从句是宾语从句?○1在动词后作宾语(动宾):Do you know where he comes from? 划线部分是动词know的宾语。
初中英语语法状语从句大全
初中英语语法状语从句大全1.时间状语从句引导连词有when,while,till,not…until,since,after ,before ,as soon asThe bus won’t start until everybody gets on.公共汽车直到每人都上车为止,才开动。
When he knocked at the door I was cooking.当他敲门时,我正在煮饭。
Last night before he came back home, his wife had already cooked dinner and waited for 2 hours.昨天晚上在他回到家之前,他的妻子已经做好晚饭足足等了他两小时之久。
After I went to church, I went shopping.2. 地点状语从句地点状语从句通常由where, wherever 引导。
Where there is a will, there is a way. 哪里有志向,哪里就有出路。
有志者事竟成。
Where there is a life, there is a hope. 哪里有生命,哪里就有希望。
留得青山在,不怕没柴烧。
Wherever you go, whatever you do, I will be right here waiting for you.不管你去哪里,不管你做什么,我都会在此守侯你。
3.原因状语从句引导连词有because,as, since。
He didn′t see the film because he had seen it.他没有看那部电影,因为他已经看过了。
They couldn’t get on the train,for it was too crowed.比较:because, since, as和for1) because语势,用来说明人所不知的原因,回答why提出的问题。
初中英语语法-英语从句总结
初中英语语法-英语从句总结初中英语语法总结(从句)英语从句三⼤类型按⼀般说法,可分为三⼤类14种从句。
⼀,名词性从句1主语从句Whether it's right or not remains to be seen. 2宾语从句I wonder whether it's right or not.3同位语从句This is a question whether it's right or not. 4表语从句The question is whether it's right or not.⼆,定语从句1限定性定语从句She is the student who can speak English well.2⾮限定性定语从句She is the student, who can speak English well.三,状语从句1时间状语从句The fact will come out when he comes here.2地点状语从句You can go wherever you like.3原因状语从句Pay more attention to your lessons because you are astudent.4⽅式状语从句He walks as if he were a king.5⽬的状语从句She went to Japan so that she could learn Japanese well. 6结果状语从句She went to Japan so that she learned Japanese well. 7条件状语从句I will understand it if he tells me.8让步状语从句He knows a lot though he is little.1.定语从句There are some old books in the box.The boy dressed in blue is from America.分清⼏个概念:先⾏词与关系代词/关系副词。
初中英语语法——三大从句汇总(重点笔记)
初中英语语法——三大从句汇总在英语中,主要有三大从句,即名词性从句(包括主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句,同位语从句)、形容词性从句(即定语从句)、副词性从句(即状语从句,包括时间、条件、结果、目的、原因、让步、地点、方式等)。
以下是一些基本的从句的语法知识点A、定语从句专项讲解与训练一、定语从句概念定语从句(attributive clause),顾名思义,就是一个句子作定语从属于主句。
定语一般是由形容词充当,所以定语从句又称作形容词从句。
另外,定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的,故又称作关系从句。
定语从句一般放在它所修饰的名词或代词之后,这种名词或代词被称作先行词。
请看示例:The woman who lives next door is a teacher.先行词定语从句在所有的从句中,算定语从句最难掌握,因为汉语里没有定语从句,汉语里只有定语,而且总是放在名词之前来修饰名词。
二、关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词代替前面的先行词,并且在定语从句中充当句子成分,可以作主语、宾语、定语等。
常见的关系代词有:who, that, which。
它们的主格、宾格和所有格如下表所示:先行词主格宾格所有格人 who whom whose物 which which whose of which人、物 that that —(一)关系代词who, whom和 whose的用法who代替人,是主格,在定语从句中作主语。
例如:An architect is a person who designs buildings. 建筑师是设计房屋的人。
I will never forget the teacher who taught us chemistry in the firstyear of my senior middle school.我将永远不会忘记在高一时教我们化学的那位老师。
Anyone who wants to apply for this job must send us the resume by email first. 想应聘这个职位的任何人都必须先通过电子邮件向我们发送简历。
初中英语语法——定语从句用法总结归纳
初中英语语法——定语从句用法总结归纳定语从句是一种引导句,用来修饰主句中的其中一元素,它可以放在
句子的末尾也可以放在句子的中间,它可以表示人或物的属性、行为,也
可以表示特定的时间、地点,其可以紧挨主语或主句元素。
关于定语从句
用法,可以总结如下:
一、定语从句的关系词
1. 一般情况下,用that 或which来引导定语从句。
2. 当定语从句修饰人的时候,用who或whom来代替that或which。
二、定语从句的排列方式
1.无论是放在句首、句中还是句末,定语从句的顺序是:关系词+主
语+谓语+其他成分。
2.在句尾,定语从句可以省略关系词,但同时必须有清楚的上下文逻
辑关系,以保证语意的正确表达。
三、定语从句使用的特殊情况
1. 当定语从句改变主句的主语时,要使用as 引导定语从句。
2. 当定语从句修饰不明确的物体时,可以用whatever, whichever, who或whom来引导定语从句。
3. 当定语从句的内容被省略时,可以用all, some, any, none, little, few, much, many等来引导定语从句。
初中英语语法三大从句总结,仅此一份,建议收藏!
在初中英语中,主要有三大从句,即宾语从句、定语从句、状语从句(包括时间、条件、结果、目的、原因、让步、地点、方式等)。
小编今天跟大家分享的就是这三个从句的主要语法点,赶快看起来吧!宾语从句一、定义在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。
二、连接词that: I think that you can pass the exam.Whether/if: I don’t know what the word means.“Wh”: I don’t know what the word means.I don’t know where he found the book.只用whether的情况:1. 与or not连用:I don’t know whether it’s raining or not.2. 与动词不定式连用:He doesn’t know whether to accept the invitation.3. 连接词前有介词时:It depends on whether he is coming.三、时态1. 主句是一般现在时态,从句根据实际情况而定(各种时态均可)She wants to know what he has done for the exam.2.主句是一般过去时态,从句用相应的过去的时态。
1)She said that she was a student.2)She said that she would fly to Japan in a week.3)She said that she had finished her homework already.3. 如果宾语从句说的是客观真理、自然现象或事实时,这时宾语从句要用一般现在时态。
The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.一、定义在复合句中修饰名词、代词的从句叫定语从句。
初中英语语法大全——定语从句
初中英语语法大全——定语从句一.定语从句的概念、位置及构成1. 定语从句的概念和位置在句子中起定语作用的从句称为定语从句。
定语从句在句子中的作用相当于形容词,故又称为形容词性从句。
eg: Do you know the girl who is singing on the stage? 你认识正在舞台上唱歌的那个女孩吗?eg: This is the museum which was built last year. 这就是去年建成的博物馆。
2. 先行词和关系词被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。
指代先行词,放在先行词和定语从句之间起连接作用,同时又充当定语从句的某一个成分( 主语、宾语、表语、状语等)的词叫关系词。
关系词分为关系代词和关系副词。
引导定语从句的关系代词有that, who, whom, whose, which;关系副词有when, where, why等。
eg: The man who has an umbrella in his hand is my uncle. 手拿雨伞的那个人是我叔叔。
eg: The train which has just left is for Shenzhen. 刚开走的火车是驶往深圳的。
eg: Let's find a place where we can have a picnic. 我们找一个能野餐的地方吧。
3.定语从句的构成eg: He has a car.+ The car has 7 seats.→ He has a car which has 7 seats.他有一辆7座的汽车。
eg: The hotel was very clean. + We stayed there. →The hotel where we stayed was very clean.我们待过的那家宾馆很干净。
二、关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词有that, which,who, whom, whose等,其主要用法见下表:1.that引导的定语从句that既可以指人也可以指物,在定语从句中作主语宾语或表语。
初中英语语法复习之宾语从句知识归纳
初中英语语法复习之宾语从句知识归纳概述宾语从句是名词性从句的一种。
在主从复合句中充当宾语,位于及物动词、介词或复合谓语之后的从句称为宾语从句。
宾语从句分为三类:动词的宾语从句、介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句。
无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句,宾语从句都必须使用陈述语序,即“主句+连词+宾语从句(主语+谓语+)”句式。
根据连接词在从句中所担任的不同成分,可分为以下四种:连接词+谓语,连接词在从句中作主语,常见的连接词有who,what,which 等;连接词+名词+谓语,连接词在从句中作主语的定语,常见的连接词有whose,what,which,how many,how much等;连接词+主语+谓语,连接词在从句中作宾语、状语或表语,常见的连接词有who(m),what,which,how many,howmuch,when,why,how,where,if/whether(在句中不充当任何成分)等;连接词+名词+主语+谓语,连接词在从句中作宾语或表语的定语,常见的连接词有what,which,how many,how much,how等。
当由陈述句充当宾语从句时,用that引导,that无词义,在口语或非正式文体中常省略。
如:He said that he could finish his work before supper.他说他会在晚饭前完成工作。
当由一般疑问句充当宾语从句时,用if或whether引导。
例如:He said that he knew you.他说他认识你。
He asked me why I had come here.他问我为什么来这里。
I asked him what he wanted.我问他要什么。
Could you tell me if/whether they are all League members?你是否能告诉我他们都是团员吗?I’m interested in what he has said.我对他说的话很感兴趣。
初中英语语法宾语、定语、状语从句总结
初中英语语法宾语、定语、状语从句总结- 1 -宾语从句一、定义在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。
二、连接词that: I think that you can pass the exam.Whether/if: I don’t know what the word means.“Wh”: I don’t know what the word means.I don’t know where he found the book.只用whether的情况:1. 与or not连用:I don’t know whether it’s raining or not.2. 与动词不定式连用:He doesn’t know whether to accept the invitation.3. 连接词前有介词时:It depends>三、时态1. 主句是一般现在时态,从句根据实际情况而定(各种时态均可) She wants to know what he has done for the exam.2.主句是一般过去时态,从句用相应的过去的时态。
1)She said that she was a student.2)She said that she would fly to Japan in a week.3)She said that she had finished her homework already.3. 如果宾语从句说的是客观真理、自然现象或事实时,这时宾语从句要用一般现在时态。
The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.- 2 -定语从句一、定义在复合句中修饰名词、代词的从句叫定语从句。
二、先行词先行词指人who /that先行词指物which/ that定语从句一般紧跟被修饰的名词或代词(即先行词)后三、关系代词关系代词代替先行词在句子中担当成分,所以从句中不可再出现其他代替先行词的代词四、翻译方法“….的”Whom: 先行词指人,则代替先行词在定语从句中充当宾语(包括介词的宾语), 与who的区别是如果前面带介词则必须用whom1. This is the teacher whomwho we like best.2. I don’t like the boy to whom you are talking.Whose : 指人或物,作定语,表示“…的”eg: Harry is the boy whose mother is our math teacher.关系代词只能that 的特殊情况:1.先行词前有序数词修饰时:This is the first gift that my parents bought me.2.先行词前有形容词最高级修饰时:This is the most exciting film that I have ever seen.3. 先行词是不定代词something, anything等时.e.g. Is there anything that you want in this shop4. 先行词是人和物时, 用that.e.g. He talked about some writers and books that were unknown to us all.5. 先行词被all , little , the>e.g. This is the last place that I want to visit.6. 特殊疑问句以who 或which 开头,只能用that引导.Who is the girl that is making a speech>当关系代词前使用介词时:物+介词+which ; 人+ 介词+ whom当关系代词前使用介词时:e.g. 1. This is the train by which we went to Beijing.2. This is the teacher to whom my mother is talking.- 3 -状语从句一、定义在复合句中由从句表示的状语称作状语从句,它可以用来修饰谓语(包括非谓语动词)、定语或状语,或是整个句子。
初中英语语法大全:从句篇(独家资料)
内容: 第 1 篇:名词性从句的概念
名词性从句的概念
在复 主语从句 表语从句 宾语从句 同位语从句
第 2 篇:主语从句
主语从句
如果一个从句在一个句子中充当主语,这个从句就叫主语从句 主语从句可以直接放在句首;也可用 it 作形式主语,而将从句放在句末
5、宾语从句后移 it 可以作形式宾语,而把真正的宾语从句放在句子后面 I think it a pity that they didn't go there. 我认为他们没有去真是可惜。
宾语从句的时态问题
若主句的谓语动词是一般现在时,宾语从句的谓语动词可根据情况使用各种时态
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He went on working though it was very late. 虽然很晚了,他还在继续工作。 Though he doesn't like writing letters, he likes receiving letters. 虽然他不喜欢写信,但他喜欢收到来信。
条件状语从句
4、在某些形容词之后的从句有时也被看作是宾语从句,如 afraid,sure,sorry, glad,worried,aware,confident,angry 等 They were angry that they had lost the chance. 失去机会,他们很生气。 I'm sorry that I'm late again. 很抱歉,我又迟到了。
初中英语语法大全:从句篇 本资料为 kwekwe 方法英语独家内部资料,严禁任何媒体、网站、个人或组织 以任何形式或出于任何目的在未经本公司书面授权的情况下抄袭、转载。 目录: 第 1 篇:名词性从句的概念 第 2 篇:主语从句 第 3 篇:宾语从句 第 4 篇:表语从句 第 5 篇:同位语从句 第 6 篇:状语从句 第 7 篇:定语从句 第 8 篇:限制非限制定语从句
初中英语语法——三大从句之表语从句
【初中英语语法——三大从句之表语从句】【表语从句】表语从句就是用一个句子作为表语。
说明主语是什么或者怎么样,由名词、形容词或相当于名词或形容词的词或短语充当,和连系动词一起构成谓语。
表语从句只能置于主句之后,而主句的动词只能是联系动词。
名词性从句在be等系动词后作表语时被称为表语从句,例如: T he problem is how we can get the things we need.问题是我们怎样能弄到我们需要的东西。
(how 在表语从句中充当方式状语)// The s cissors are not what I need. 这把剪刀不是我所需要的。
(what 在表语从句中充当宾语)// What I told him was that I would find h im a good play. 我告诉他的是我会给他找个好剧本。
(what在主语从句中作直接宾语, that作为表语从句的引导词在该表语从句中不充当句子成分,不能省略)// That is what I want to tell you.那就是我想要对你讲的。
(what在表语从句中充当直接宾语)// That is why she failed to pass the exam. 那就是她考试不及格的原因。
(why 在表语从句中充当原因状语)“That is why...”是常用句型,意为“这就是……的原因/因此……”,其中why引导的名词性从句在句中作表语,该句型通常用于针对前面已经说明过的原因进行总结,又如: That is why you see this old woman before you know, Jeanne. 珍妮,这就是现在这个老太婆出现在你面前的原因。
(前文提到Jeanne对老妇人显得苍老憔悴深感诧异,说话人对她讲述了其中的原因之后,用这一句来进行概括)。
// That is why I came. 这就是我来的原因。
初中英语语法知识点
初中英语语法知识点初中英语语法知识点1宾语从句1. 宾语从句的含义充当主句宾语的从句叫做宾语从句。
如:She knew that the teacher had seen the film.她知道这位老师看过这部电影。
“that the teacher had seen the film”做 knew 的宾语,同时又是由连接词 that 引导的从句,所以它叫做宾语从句。
2. 宾语从句的分类(1)动词宾语从句:顾名思义,它是位于动词后面的宾语从句。
如:He asked whose handwriting was the best in our class.他问我们班上谁的书法最好。
(2)介词宾语从句:顾名思义,它是位于介词后面的宾语从句。
如:I agree with what you said just now.我同意你刚才说的话。
(3)形容词宾语从句:顾名思义,它是位于形容词后面的宾语从句。
如:I am afraid that I will be late. 恐怕我要迟到了。
3. 引导宾语从句的连接词(1)that:没有含义,在宾语从句中不做成分(2)whether/if:表示是否,在宾语从句中不做成分。
I don't know if /whether he still lives here after so many years. 我不知道这么多年后,他是否还住在这里。
(3)连接代词:what, which, who, whom, whose(在宾语从句中做主、宾、表和定语)连接副词:where, when, how, why(在宾语从句中做状语)The small children don't know what is in their stockings.(what 在宾语从句中做主语)这些小孩子不知道什么在他们的长筒袜里。
Could you tell me why you were late for the meeting this morning?(why 在宾语从句中做原因状语)你能告诉我为什么你今天早上开会迟到吗?4. 在做宾语从句的题目时应注意两点(1)时态:①当主句是现在时态时,宾语从句可以根据需要使用任何时态。
初中英语语法状语从句
初中英语语法状语从句1.时间状语从句引导连词有when,while,till,not…until,since,after ,before ,as soon asThe bus won’t start until everybody gets on.公共汽车直到每人都上车为止,才开动。
When he knocked at the door I was cooking.当他敲门时,我正在煮饭。
Last night before he came back home, his wife had already cooked dinner and waited for 2 hours.昨天晚上在他回到家之前,他的妻子已经做好晚饭足足等了他两小时之久。
After I went to church, I went shopping.2. 地点状语从句地点状语从句通常由where, wherever 引导。
Where there is a will, there is a way. 哪里有志向,哪里就有出路。
有志者事竟成。
Where there is a life, there is a hope. 哪里有生命,哪里就有希望。
留得青山在,不怕没柴烧。
Wherever you go, whatever you do, I will be right here waiting for you.不管你去哪里,不管你做什么,我都会在此守侯你。
3.原因状语从句引导连词有because,as, since。
He didn′t see the film because he had seen it.他没有看那部电影,因为他已经看过了。
They couldn’t get on the train,for it was too crowed.比较:because, since, as和for1) because语势,用来说明人所不知的原因,回答why提出的问题。
初中英语语法总结,从句
初中英语语法总结,从句篇一:初中英语语法——三大从句汇总初中英语语法——三大从句汇总在英语中,主要有三大从句,即名词性从句(包括主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句,同位语从句)、形容词性从句(即定语从句)、副词性从句(即状语从句,包括时间、条件、结果、目的、原因、让步、地点、方式等)。
以下是一些基本的从句的语法知识点A、定语从句专项讲解与训练一、定语从句概念定语从句(attributive clause),顾名思义,就是一个句子作定语从属于主句。
定语一般是由形容词充当,所以定语从句又称作形容词从句。
另外,定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的,故又称作关系从句。
定语从句一般放在它所修饰的名词或代词之后,这种名词或代词被称作先行词。
请看示例:The woman who lives next door is a teacher.先行词定语从句在所有的从句中,算定语从句最难掌握,因为汉语里没有定语从句,汉语里只有定语,而且总是放在名词之前来修饰名词。
二、关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词代替前面的先行词,并且在定语从句中充当句子成分,可以作主语、宾语、定语等。
常见的关系代词有:who, that, which。
它们的主格、宾格和所有格如下表所示:格先行词主格宾格所有格人 who whom whose物 which whichwhoseof which人、物 that that —(一)关系代词who, whom和 whose的用法who代替人,是主格,在定语从句中作主语。
例如:An architect is a person who designs buildings. 建筑师是设计房屋的人。
I will never forget the teacher who taught us chemistry in the first year of my senior middle school. 我将永远不会忘记在高一时教我们化学的那位老师。
【初中英语】初中英语语法关于关系副词引导的定语从句的用法总结
【初中英语】初中英语语法关于关系副词引导的定语从句的用法
总结
【—语法关于关系副词引导的定语从句的用法总结】一般情况下关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词,在从句中作状语。
如果还不懂得同学,可参考下文!
关系副词引导的定语从句
关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词,在从句中作状语。
1)什么时候,在哪里,为什么
关系副词when,where,why的含义相当于"介词+which"结构,因此常常和"介词
+which"结构交替使用,例如:
有时你必须屈服。
有些时候,任何人都必须屈服。
beijingistheplacewhere(inwhich)iwasborn. 北京是我的出生地。
这是为什么?这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的原因吗?
2)that代替关系副词
它可以用来代替由when、where、why和“介词+which”引导的定语从句。
这在英语口语中经常被省略,例如:
hisfatherdiedtheyear(that/when/inwhich)hewasborn. 他父亲在他出生那年逝世了。
他很可能找到了他住的地方。
他不太可能找到他四十年前居住的地方。
对于上述判断的两种方法,如果还不太明白的同学们,可结合例句进行分析总结!
你知道什么时候,在哪里,为什么,而不是关系副词吗?如果你什么都不懂,来吧!。
【初中英语】初中英语语法总结之定语从句
【初中英语】初中英语语法总结之定语从句【—语法总结之定语从句】下文时对定语从句的全面总结包括从定语从句的关系代词、指物的关系代词及其他方面的比较。
定语从句由关系代词who、who、who、as和关系副词where、when、why等引导,但要记住:1.what不能引导定语从句.2、相关词的分析必须考虑定语从句中的成分。
一.指人的关系代词有who、whose、whom、that.试分析:我们昨天拜访的那位老人是著名的艺术家。
misswangistakingcareofthechildwhoseparentshavegonetobeijing.和她握手的人现在是校长。
(=与我父亲握手的人现在是校长。
)注:a.指人时有时只用who不宜用that。
1.先行词是一、一或任何人(2)anyonewhobreaksthelawshouldbepunished.2.先决条件是这些thesewhoaregoingtobeijingarethebeststudentsofourschool.3.在开头的句子中thereisastudentwhowantstoseeyou.4.句子中有两个定语从句。
一个定语从句的关系代词是that,另一个应该是who以避免重复。
thestudentthatwonthefirstprizeisthemonitorwhoworkshards.5.在非限制性定语从句中b.主句以who开头的句子中,只用that,不用who。
二、指事物的关系代词是which,which(=which),即试验分析:1.ilikethebookswhich/thatwerewrittenbyluxun.2.我们所做的一切都很好。
3.thisisthehouseinwhichwelivedlastyear.(=thisisthehousewhich/thatwelivedinlast year.)4.我喜欢朝南的人。
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初中英语语法总结(从句)英语从句三大类型按一般说法,可分为三大类14种从句。
一,名词性从句1主语从句Whether it's right or not remains to be seen.2宾语从句I wonder whether it's right or not.3同位语从句This is a question whether it's right or not.4表语从句The question is whether it's right or not.二,定语从句1限定性定语从句She is the student who can speak English well.2非限定性定语从句She is the student, who can speak English well. 三,状语从句1时间状语从句The fact will come out when he comes here.2地点状语从句You can go wherever you like.3原因状语从句Pay more attention to your lessons because you are a student.4方式状语从句He walks as if he were a king.5目的状语从句She went to Japan so that she could learn Japanese well. 6结果状语从句She went to Japan so that she learned Japanese well. 7条件状语从句I will understand it if he tells me.8让步状语从句He knows a lot though he is little.1.定语从句There are some old books in the box.The boy dressed in blue is from America.✍分清几个概念:先行词与关系代词/关系副词。
先行词是指定语从句所修饰的中心词;关系代词主要有who, whom, whose, which, that; 关系副词主要有 when,where, why。
关系代词和关系副词有两个作用,一是连接主句和从句的作用,二是在定语从句中做成分。
⏹定语从句分为:限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句, 限定性定语从句如果去掉会影响句子意义的完整性,非限定性定语从句即使去掉也不会影响句子意义的完整性,如: July is the month when we have a lot of rain.There are many plays (that) I’d like to see.The meeting was put off, which surprised us a lot.This note is left by Mary, who was here a moment ago.1.非限定性定语从句,其作用为:对所修饰的成分作进一步的说明,它与主句用逗号隔开。
此类从句省略后其余部分仍可成立。
在非限定性定语从句中,which可代表前面的整个句子;代表人时只能用who,whom,而不能用that;as也可用作关系代词。
例如:2. telephone,as we know,was the invention of Alexander Graham Bell.3. D.Roosevelt,who died there on April 12,1945.4. in a damp(潮湿的)house for a long time is harmful to one’s health,whichis known to everyone.5.限定性定语从句中that可代表人和事,而which只代表事;二者在从句中作主语或宾语。
that作宾语时常可省略,which则不能,而且其后的“不及物动词+介词’’中的介词不能省略。
which作宾语时,先行词与which之间的介词不能省。
例如:6.first doll that could say“mama”was invented in 1830.7. second half of his voyage was by far the more dangerous part,during whichhe sailed round the Cape Horn合恩角.✍代表all,anything,something,nothing,much等词时,用that而不用which,that作宾语可省略。
例如:care anything that has something to do with it.'d better do something he prefers to do to please him.is the last time we met each other.came across the woman you told me about yesterday.✍who和whom引导的从句用来修饰人,分别作从句的主语和宾语。
where是关系副词,用于表示地点的定语从句,而when用来表示时间。
whose是关系代词,修饰名词作定语。
例如:Ford is the person who is most responsible for developing the idea of mass production.knee is the joint where the thigh bone meets the large bone of the lower leg. next morning, when she came down to breakfast , Mary was beaming with the pleasure of a new,great discovery.visiting professor is a famous scientist whose son studies in my department.✍注意几点:that可替代who, whom(指人),也可替代which(指物)whose 既可指人又可指物引导定语从句的关系代词紧跟介词做从句的宾语时,不用that,只用which几个例子:Is she the girl that/who sells flowers?The train that/which has just left is for Xi’an.The people (who/that/whom) you were talking to were Russians.The girl to whom I spoke is my cousin.I have never met the boy whose mother is a famous actress.My book is on the table whose legs are broken.He went to China in 1945, when the War World II was over.Look, this is the house where the writer was born.The tool with which he is working is called a wrench(扳手).2.状语从句He swims fast.Nervous, he opened the letter.Legs broken, the soldier crawled back home.She used to stay up until midnight.With a book in his hand, the teacher came in.✍状语从句可分为:时间状语从句(主要由when,whenever,after,before,a5,since,once,until,while等连词引导),结果状语从句(由so…that和such…that连接),让步状语从句(由though,although, no matter,even if, however,whatever 等词引导),原因状语从句(由as,because,since和for引导),条件状语从句(由if, whether,as long as,provided that等词引导),地点状语从句(由where引导),行为方式状语从句(由as引导)。
有时条件状语从句中,主句不可以用将来时,而用一般时代替。
✍状语从句中的“主语+be”可以省略,前提是:从句主语和主句主语一致,且从句谓语“be”省略后的结构为“连词+现在分词/过去分词介词短语/形容词/名词短语”。
) 例如:necessary,I would like to see you in your office.seriously wounded,he never complained.条件状语从句:1)Let's go out for a walk unless you are too tired.(除非,若不;相当于if---not)即:If y ou are too tired,we’ll not go out for a walk.2)You may borrow my book as long as you keep it clean.(只要,表示条件的唯一性)3)Take your umbrella in case it rains.(以防---,以免---)4)I can tell you the truth on condition that you promise to keep a secret.(条件是---)5)Supposing it rains, shall we continue the sports meeting?(如果,假如)6)He won't be against us in the meeting provided/providing that we ask for hisadvice in advance.(假如,除非以……为条件)7)You will be successful in the interview once you have confidence.(一旦---就--)方式状语从句方式状语从句通常由as, (just) as…so…, as if, as though引导。