病理英语复习题

病理英语复习题

病理学高级教程复习提纲

Pathological test (7、8)

I. A type question

Directions: Each question below contains five suggested answers. Choose the one best response to each question.

1. Which one of the listed statements is the best histologic definition of an abscess?

a. A circumscribed collection of neutrophils with necrotic cellular debris

b. A localizes defect that results from the sloughing of necrotic inflammatory tissue from the

surface of an organ

c. A localized proliferation of fibroblasts and small blood vessels

d. An aggregate of two or more activated macrophage

e.The excessive secretion of mucus from a mucosal surface

2. Which one of the listed statements best describes the process called chemotaxis?

a.Abnormal fusion of phagosomes to primary lysosomes

b.Attachment of chemicals to extracellular material to increase phagocytosis

c.Dilation of blood vessels by chemotherapeutic drugs

d.Movement of cells toward a certain site or source

e.Transmigration of cells from blood vessels into tissue

3. The cardinal sign of inflammation called rubor is mainly the result of

a.Decreased interstitial hydrostatic pressure

b.Decreased vascular permeability of capillaries

c.Increased vascular permeability of venules

d.Vasoconstriction of muscular arteries

e.Vasodilation of arterioles

4. During the early stages of the inflammatory response, histamine-induced increased vascular

permeability is most likely to occur in

a.Arteries

b.Precapillary arterioles

c.Capillaries

d.Postcapillary venules

e.Veins (answer: d)

5. During acute inflammation, histamine-induced increased vascular permeability causes the formation

of exudates (inflammatory edema). Which one of the listed cell types is the most likely source of the histamine ?

a.Endothelial cells

b.Fibroblasts

c.Lymphocytes

d.Mast cells

e.Neutrophils

6. Histologic sections of lung tissue from a 68-year-old female with congestive heart failure and

progressive breathing problems reveal numerous hemosiderin-laden cells within the alveoli. Theses “heart failure cells” originate from alveolar

a.Endothelial cells

b.Eosinophils

c.Lymphocytes

d.Macrophages

e.Pneumocytes

7. By definition, granulomas are composed of

a.Chronic abscess

b.Collagen

c.Endothelial cells and fibroblasts

d.Macrophages or epithelioid cells

e.Hemosiderin-laden macrophages

8. Which one of the listed changes correctly describes the pathophysiology involved in the production

of pulmonary edema in patients with congestive heart failure?

a.Decreased plasma oncotic pressure

b.Endothelial damage

c.Increased hydrostatic pressure

d.Increased vascular permeability

e.Lymphatic obstruction (answer: c)

9. A postmortem clot is most likely to

a.Grossly display features of recanalization

b.Grossly have lines of Zahn

c.Grossly have the appearance of “chicken fat” overlying ‘currant jelly”

d.Microscopically appear attached to the wall of the blood vessel

e.Microscopically have alternating layers of cells and platelets

10. What is the most common site of origin of thrombotic pulmonary emboli?

a.Deep leg veins

b.Lumen of left ventricle

c.Lumen of right ventricle

d.Mesenteric veins

e.Superficial leg veins

11. The most serious common complication of lower extremity thrombophlebitis is

a.Cerebral infarction

b.Kidney infarction

c.Myocardial infarction

d.Pulmonary infarction

e.Intestinal infarction

12. What is the most common cause of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease?

a.Pneumoconiosis

b.Pneumonia

c.Intestitial lung diseases

d.Chronic bronchitis

e.Pulmonary tuberculosis

13. Of the tumors of the liver listed below, which is the most common?

a.Hepatocellular carcinoma

b.Angiosarcoma

c.Cholangiocarcinoma

d.Hamartoma

e.Hemangioma

14. Which of the following is the most common type of breast carcinoma?

a.Intraductal

b.Medullary

c.Papillary

d.Mucinous

e.Infiltrating ductal

15. Fluid that collects during acute inflammation and that has a protein content in excess of 3.0g/dl

and a specific gravity over 1.015 is termed

a.Exudate

b.Transudate

c.Coagulation

d.Lymphokine

e. Hemorrhage

16. The most important prognostic factor for human cancer is the

a.Grade