(完整版)英语虚拟语气语法归纳总结,推荐文档

虚拟语气:

表示说的话不是事实，不可能发生或者说可能性很小的情况，表达一种愿望、建议、假设。

if were/did, would do

if had done, would have done

if were to do/should do, would do

举例：

If I were you, I would do nothing about it.

If you had taken your teacher’s advice, you wouldn’t have made such a mistake.

If it were to/ should rain tomorrow(表示降水率很低)，they wouldn’t go shopping.

附注：

虚拟语气，条件状从倒装

状语从句中，去掉if,提前were/ had/ should

如：If I were you, I would give up.

→Were I you, I would give up

If you had taken the advice, you would have….

→Had you taken the advice, you would have…

If the world should come to an end,……

→Should the world come to an end……

另外，without, but for, otherwise构成的条件状语从句中，也有含蓄的虚拟语气But for the popularization of electricity, we would lead a whole different life today. (popularization 普及，publicity 宣传)

Without your help, I would have failed.

We’ll go earlier, otherwise we wouldn’t get a seat. （表示可能性小）

但其实，高中英语考试也常考：

错综虚拟语气条件句

即：假设条件状从发生的时间与所假设的谓语动词不一致，此时，主句和从句要根据各自的时间而定。

举例：

If our government had known better how to lay out the road construction, the traffic jam problem would not be so serious today.

(lay out 规划、设计、安排、陈设、摆放… layout n.布局、规划)

二、特殊句式：

I wish I hadn’t made such an irrevocable mistake. (irrevocable不可撤销、不可以挽回的)

2.「十个词」

一坚持：insist （表示坚持主张、认为，不表示坚持说）

二命令：order, command

三建议：advise, propose, suggest （表示建议，不表示表明、显示、暗示）四要求：desire, demand, require, request (两R两D)

这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用(should +) do的形式should可省略

例：

We suggested that Tom （should）have a rest.

It’s suggested that the plan be carried out before long.

(before long, 不久之后, long before很久以前)

尝试翻译：他坚决要求我到场

同时，这些动词的名词形式构成的名词性从句（主语从句、表语从句、同位语）也要用虚拟语气

order, advice, suggestion, proposal, demand, request, desire.

例

It’s an order that the soldiers obey the rules in the army.

My suggestion is that everyone of us three finish one part of this project and then we integrate them together. (integrate整合)

3.would rather 宁愿

I would rather you had been to the movie instead of me.

Don’t come today, I would rather you came tomorrow.

4.部分As if/though 句子好像、似乎

Tom told me this fairy tale in a manner as if it had happened for real yesterday. 5.If only……. 要是…就好了

If only she knew that it's I who sent the gift to her.

6.It’s ( about/ high) time that 是时候做……

+ 1、过去式2、should do

It's time that you went to bed.

说到这里，补充两个句式：

It is the 1st (2nd /3rd ) time that … have/ has done….

It was the 1st time that … had done….

7.It’s necessary/ strange/ natural/ important/essential that…….

从句动词用(should) do

It’s essential that we master a foreign language when doing international trade and business. (essential 必要的、本质的、基本的…..)

8.情态动词+have done

would have done 本来要做

could have done 本能够做（却没做）

might have done 本来可能

should/ought to have done 本来应该做

shouldn’t/ oughtn’t to have done 本来不应该做

needn’t have done 本来不必要做

你本来不应该告诉她真相。

当时我没有足够的钱，否则我会买那本书的。