上海市长宁区2019高三英语一模

长宁区2018-2019学年度第一学期期末质量监控试卷高三英语（满分140分，完卷时间120分钟）2018.12I. Listening ComprehensionSection A （10分）Directions:In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. At the dress shop. B. At the butcher’s.C. At the hairdresser’s.D. At the grocery store.2. A. Play the violin. B. Stay at home.C. Write a composition.D. Attend the concert.3 .A. $4. B. $31. C. $40. D. $69.4. A. Someone witnessing a crime. B.A salesman of the shop.C. Someone looking for the robber.D. A friend of the woman.5.A. How to contact the travel agency. B. Whether her sister has arrived safely.C. Where to find the airline information.D. Why her sister has rescheduled suddenly.6 A. The suitcase might be taken by mistake. B. The suitcase might not be of good quality.C. The suitcase does not look ideal in size.D. The suitcase seems quite cheap-looking.7. A. She has never been to Paris before. B. She knows a young man who could be helpfulC. Shen remembers very little about Paris.D. She would like to talk about it some other time.8. A. He can’t show the woman the direction. B. He’s now working in the principal’s office.C .He has met the woman somewhere before. D. He won't wait for his friend at the entrance.9. A. It has been given a new colour. B. Helen has had it checked recently.C. It has been traded for a new one.D. Helen has just rented it from a garage.10. A. Tom had been preparing the party for long.B. Tom stood out in the job interview in London.C. Tom should have stayed at home for the exam.D. Tom eventually managed to show up at the party.Question 11 through 13 are based on the following passage11.A. Origin of the Oxford English Dictionary. B. Process of English dictionary publication.C. Introduction of English dictionaries.D. History of Webster Dictionary of English12.A.Its reliable sources. B. Its various meanings.C. Its way of invention.D. Its frequency of use.13.A.To emphasize the function of a dictionary B. To Introduce the meaning of the phrase.C. To illustrate the development of languageD. To record the invention of new words.Question 14 through 16 are based on the following passage14.A.By picturing and adding maps. B. By drawing and measuring points.C. By storing and developing images.D. By comparing and matching faceprints.15.A.Banks use it to offer a fast entry B. It can only be used with permissionC. Companies use it for securityD. It can be used to meet customer's needs.16.A.FlexibleB.NeutralC. PositiveD.CriticalQuestion 17 through 20 are based on the following passage17.A.It is not imaginative B. It is not practicalC.It is not time savingD. It is not love sending.18.A.By giving it to someone else B.By refusing to accept it.C.By trading it for a gift cardD.By leaving it aside.19.A.The woman has been convinced. B. The man is direct and grateful.C.The man truly loves snow globesD. The woman picks gift at random.20.A.Practical suggestion on gift giving B. Different opinions on gift giving.C.Easy ways of buying thoughtful gifts.D. Happy moments of getting gifts.Ⅱ.Grammar and VocabularySection ADirection: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct.Planting PatriotismYoung boys are not easily shocked, but 12-year-old Preston Sharp sure knows the feeling .“Yeah, I was surprised and even disappointed, ” Preston said , Preston’s mom , April Sharp said , “It is the first time（21）（see）him like this angry and passionate.”W hat upset her son so much was visiting his grandpa’s grave in Redding, California ,and realizing that not every veteran(老兵) in the cemetery has a flag. So April told him “son, (22)you are going to complain about something , you have to do something about it or let it go”Next thing April knew，Preston was taking on odd jobs and asking fordonations（23）_______________(buy)flags and flowers for every veteran in his grandpa’s cemetery，And when that cemetery(24)________(cover),he moved on to another，and then another. Here we are，nearly three years and about 65,000graves later. He does it everyweek(25)____________the weather is like，rain or shine---especially rain，”They were out there in the rain doing their job,(26)______________(protect)us，”Preston said，His devotion is infections. When word gets out(27)__________Preston will be at a cemetery---he has a Facebook page，Preston Sharp/Vet flags and Flowers---people，like Vietnam veteran FredLoveland，feel(28)________________(oblige)to join in，”It’s amazing，”Loveland said.” What he’s doing brings(29)_____________out because we can’t believe a young man in this country is doing what he does，”It is a movement of young and old，of those who served and those who are so grateful for what they did，all led by a proud grandson(30)______________saw an injustice and decided to do something about it.Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box, Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Aurora(极光):wonders or disturbancesCanada，February 2017:I stood in the snow on a frozen lake，watching as the sky twisted in front of me. Green bands of light ___31___ out in the darkness. Slowly the colours twisted and broke and reappeared elsewhere until，suddenly，a whole band flowed and pulsed across the sky, ____32___ with delicate yellow. pinks and purples. It was as dramatic as thunderstorm，yetcalm.Gentle,yet____33___,Most of all,it was a gift.This was my fifth aurora trip and the first time I had seen fast movements and bright colours.The calm green auroral displays that many people see are driven by a(n)_____34_____ stream of particles(微 )from called the solar wind. But when the sun throws us extra hot fast particles，this process goes overdrive-we get much more movement and colour，It is glorious!Aurora-spotters long for itBut for some，the wild movements of the heavens can have serious ____35___Satellites' electronics are affected or damaged by incoming fast particlies,___36___industries that rely on them. Flights may need to change course to avoid radio ___37__ around the poles，or to protect aircrew from enhanced radiation exposure. During a solar storm，aircrew may receive their annual radiation limit over a single flight.Stormy space weather affects us on the ground，too. A larger storm in 1989 caused a 10-hour electrical blackout over Canada's Quebec Province, costing the economy a(n)____38_____ C$10 billion. Disturbance of the atmosphere causes problems with radio broadcast and GPS. In September 2017,a huge solar fame ______39_____ just as Hurricane lran hit the Caribbean. The resultant HF radio blackout held up the emergency response，Meanwhile，beautiful aurora displays were seen in England. Place its beauty aside，then, and the auroral___40___is nothing other than a giant planetary disturbance，more of a worry than a wonder for some people. Yet seldom do such disturbances have such fascinating side effects as that of the aurora dancing across our Arctic skies.Ill. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Marmoset monkeys exist on a branch of the evolutionary tree that is distinct from the one that led to mans. But they constantly astonish researchers with __ 41___ behavior that seems pretty highly evolved. Their social organization and __ 42___ practices could have been the model for the phrase “It takes a village.” A dominant male and female breed, and their babies are carefully looked after by extended family members who then aren't free to breed themselves.A new study further __ 43___ the marmoset’s reputat ion for admirable community values. Researchers report that these caregivers share their food more generously with little ones __ 44___ than when they’re surrounded by the watchful eyes of other community members. In complex societies whereindividuals band together for _ 45__ protection, researchers have come up with a few widely accepted explanations for selfless behavior. But specific acts, like sharing a delicious cricket（蟋蟀) with a begging baby marmoset, seem to need more _ 46__ explanationOne possibility is that an individual practices _ 47__ as a means of enhancing his status among peers. By _ 48__ that he is so well gifted with material goods that he can give some away, this do-gooder enhances his power within the group. That, in turn, may _ 49__ prospective mates. The other explanation for charitable behavior _ 50_ that kindnesses extended to others are simply the fees of group membership, which offers some future promise of a chance to mate. Failure to share would result in exclusion from the group and a loss of _ 51__ partners. Scientists call this the “pay to stay”model. Importantly, for both of these models to work, acts of kindness must have a(n) _ 52__. That suggests you would see more sharing in group settings; away from judging eyes, a caregiver might be more likely to keep food for himself or herself. And yet, in 2,581 tests conducted with 31 adult and 14 baby marmosets, the _ 53__ appeared to be trueAnthropologists (人类学家) from the University of Zurich carefully documented how often, in groups and in conditions that found caregiver and baby separated from the crowd, an adult would share his or her cricket. When alone with a baby begging for a taste, adult marmosets shared their cricket 85% of the time. When in a group, caregivers offe red up their cricket 67% of the time.” Our results show that helping in common marmosets is not driven by reputation management or _ 54__ avoidance, “ the study authors reported Rather, it is driven by a deep-down motivation to help that is more _ 55__ expressed when individuals are alone with young.”41.A. animal B. careful C. social D. individual42.A. evolving B communicating C organizing D. parenting43.A shines B damages C. affects D protests44.A. at play B in private C. on schedule D by accident45.A. adequate B effective C. continual D. mutual46.A. creative B complex C specific D. official47.A. generosity B wisdom C independence D governance48.A. promising B demonstrating C. pretending D. explaining49.A. count on B. go after C. appeal to D. benefit from50. A. assumes B. confirms C. enhances D. concludes51. A. regular B. dominant C. potential D. previous52. A. atmosphere B. audience C. feedback D. judge53. A. statistics B. expectation C. argument D. opposite54. A. responsibility B. punishment C. arrangement D. difficulty55. A. strongly B. causally C. delicately D. fearlesslySection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. choose the one that fits best according to the Information given in the passage you have just read.(A)What to endure before publication?It takes a lot to write a novel. Even those who haven’t tried would say, “Well, duh!” to this. But it’s not much the mind space or the considerable time it takes to write a novel that is as discouraging as how many times any writer must go back to the drawing board for yet another draft. To really ready a novel for publication, a writer must spend time with his or her book. Like any promising relationship, you, the writer , must date your novel, take it out to dinner, meet its parents, and see it through its most trying and desperate times. As a writer, you have to stay up all night with your novel crying and talking and sometimes even pulling your hair out before that perfect moment of inspiration can truly help you cross the finish line.For many published authors I know, myself included, a completed novel takes them about 10, that’s right, 10 drafts, and at least a year of real editing. Will you be spending every single second editing your novel? No, of course not. Just as drafts need some real time on the surgery table, they also need rest in the recovery room. You don’t nurse a relationship by spending every waking second with them until you can’t stand the sight of each other, and you can’t produce a novel by breathing down its literary neck. However, a novel should undergo many drafts---and different kinds of drafts—before declaring it ready for an agent or editor to see.Everyone has their own way to write a novel, and not all craft advice (or even craft “rules”) should all be followed by everyone, but when it comes to the many drafts of a novel, there are specific things a writer should focus on during each revision to help create a smooth transition from the initial idea to final products.56. People are discouraged from writing a novel mainly because it requires _____.A. a good publisherB. too much thinkingC. tons of working timeD. frequent revisions57. What do writers do in the course of creating a novel?A. They spend every minute with the novel.B. They treat the novel as a lover.C. They go out with some readers for dinner.D. They hurt themselves to stay awake.58. By “breathing down its literary neck” in Paragraph 2, the author most probably means _____.A. writing casually thus failing to take readers’ breath awayB. letting go a single mistake thus annoying the readersC. X-raying the work thus finding each literary mistakeD. sticking too close to the work thus causing anxiety59. Which of the following is most likely to come after the last paragraph?A. The importance of using proper transitional words in writing.B. The writing experience shared by famous successful write.C. Tips on how to make ten drafts to complete a good novel.D. Setbacks writers may suffer if ignoring the craft advice.（B）Top Six Most Challenged Books in 2017Office for Intellectual Freedom (OIF) in the States tracked 354 challenges (formal attempts to remove or restrict access to library materials and services) to library, school, and university materials and servicesin2017. Some individual challenges resulted in requests to restrict or remove multiple titles. Overall, 41660.These six most challenged books are all________A. prize winners or well received by the publicB. written for curious young adults in schoolsC. banned and challenged in nationwide librariesD. involved with violence and aggressive language61.Which of the following would be removed from school libraries to avoid misleading kids into racialism?A. The Hate U GiveB. To Kill a Mocking birdC. The Kite RunnerD. Thirteen Reasons Way62.It can be concluded from the passage that in the States_______A.OIF is responsible for the challenges reported from local schools and universitiesB. the government is challenged by intellectual freedom in public materials and servicesC. issues like mental illness, drug use and sex education really concern the governmentD. best sellers and prize winners are often questioned and rejected by the public（C)The term ‘dark tourism’ is far newer than the practice, which long predates Pompeii's emergence as a dark attraction. Dr Philip Stone, perhaps the world's leading academic expert on dark tourism, considers the Roman Colosseum to be one of first dark tourist sites, where people travelled long distances to watch death as sport. Later, until the late 18" century, the appeal was crueler still in central London, where people paid money to sit in grandstands to watch mass hangings. Dealers would sell pies at the site, which was roughly where Marble Arch stands today.It was only in 1996 that ‘dark tourism' entered the s cholarly vocabulary when two academics in Glasgow applied it while looking at sites associated with the murder of John F.Kennedy. Those who study dark tourism identify plenty of reasons for the growing phenomenon, including raised awareness of it as an identifiable thing. Access to sites has also improved with the arrival of cheap air travel. It's hard to imagine that the Auschwitz-Birkenau memorial and museum would now welcome mare than two million visitors a year were it not for its nearness to Krakow's international airport. Peter Hohenhaus, a widely travelled dark tourist based in Vienna,also points to the broader rise in off-the-beaten track tourism,beyond the territory of popular guidebooks and TripAdvisor rankings. ‘A lot of people don't want mainstream tourism and that often means engaging with places that have a more recent history than, say,a Roman ruin." he says."You go to Sarajevo and most people remember the war being in the news so if feels closer to one’s owe biography(传记)”Hohenhaus is also a fan of‘ beauty in decay’, the contemporary cultural movement in which urban ruins have become subject matter for expensive coffee-table books and a thousand lnstagram(照片墙）accounts. The crossover with death is clear.“I have always been drawn to ruined thing s," the 54-year-old says. But while, like any tourism, dark tourism at its best is educational, the example of Grenfell Tower (aLondon tower block,destroyed by a fire in 2017 with 7l deaths) hints at the unease felt at some sites.“I remember the Lonely Planet Bluelist book had a chapter about dark tourism a while ago and one of the rules was 'don't go back too early'."Hohenhaus says.“I'll be interested to see Grenfell Tower up close.I can see the attraction.But I would not stand in the street taking a selfie（自拍）merrily.”63. 'Dark tourism' can be defined as tourism involving travel to places____________A. hardly having access to in ancient timesB. with a history even before human civilizationC. historically related to death and tragedyD. in Europe famous for cruel but exciting sports64.Dark tourism came into sight when_________.A. scholars finally revealed secrets about some historical eventsB. people were no more satisfied with ordinary tourist destinationsC. road transportation was able to take people around the worldD. researchers realized the significance of sustainable tourism65.What is implied in Hohenhaus' words in the last paragraph?A. People fail to get lessons from disasters causing terrible loss.B. The media are publicizing the modern city ruins improperly.C. Visitors are free to take selfies with the ‘beauty of decay’.D. Some tourists show a lack of respect for dark tourist sites.66.Which of the following best serves as the title of this passage?A. Morality mirrored in tourismB. Tourism boomed with tragediesC. Ranking of dark tourism sitesD. Proper attitudes to dark tourismSection CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Why I stopped worrying about my credit score?If you believed everything you read about your credit score, you'd think it was the most importantcomponent of your financial health. Without a good credit score and history, the experts say, it's more difficult qualify for a mortgage(按揭)or a car loan-and more expensive if you're approved for a loan, too, because you won't get the best interest rates. In many states, bad credit can even raise your insurance payments, cost you a rental apartment, or make it harder to get hired. ___67_____First off, there are several credit scores out there. While it's important to cultivate your credit scores by using credit responsibly, your FICO credit score may not be the same as what VantageScore reports, and lenders may use a different one entirely, so focusing on one score can be a fruitless exercise. More important as financial reporter Dave Ramsey notes on his blog, your credit score is not a measure of your overall financial health. He writes:"____68___"FICO, the most popular credit-scoring agency, users several weighted factors to determine your credit score, including payment history (35 percent), amounts owed (30 percent), length of credit history (15 percent), new credit (10 percent), and credit mix (10 percent). 69 My husband and I enjoyed steady credit scores above 820 for a while. But when we paid off one of our rental properties in 2017, we both saw our credit scores fall by 20 or more points. The sudden drop took place because we completed a 15-year loan and reduced the average length of our credit history tremendously. 70 That’s blackmail. I would rather be debt-free than have a perfect credit score.Your credit score is certainly important when you’re starting out and likely to borrow money for a down payment (首付) on a home or some other big purchase. But once you’re fairly established financially, it’s much easier to see it for what it really is: a measure of how well you borrow money.Ⅳ. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point (s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Take care of your spine (脊柱)T he spine stands at the center of your health, providing your body with structure and support. It also contains your spinal cord, a massive collection of nerves conveying electric signals from the rest of your body to your brain. Since your spine is so central to your health, it’s important to look after it.Maintaining good posture (姿势) is one of the most important things you can do to keep your spine healthy. Proper posture means standing or sitting while keeping your spine straight, except for its natural curves. Posture comes into play even when you’re asleep. Sleeping on your side puts less stress on your spine than most other positions. Staying still for too long—even if your posture is good—can be hard on your back. Especially if you work at a desk most of the day, it’s important to get up and stretch periodically.Exercise is also an important factor in the health of your spine. Stretch can help the muscles around your spine relax and allow bones to shift into better arrangement. Strength exercises like pushups can also help by strengthening the muscles around your spine. However, don’t overdo the exercise, as repeated motions can stain the muscles around your spine.Finally, your diet affects the health of your spine because many vitamins are necessary for bones and nerves. In particular, B vitamins and omega-3 fatty acids help keep nerves healthy, so you may want to consider taking a supplement. Another important factor is vitamin D, which is essential for strong bones. Vitamin D can come from some foods, but it’s also absorbed from sunlight, so it may help to do some of those back exercises outside.Many of the actions necessary to keep your spine healthy are identical to those used to preserve your health in other ways. So protect our back, and the rest of body will benefit.V．TranslationDirections：Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72. 任何人都不可能轻而易举获得成功。