[精华版]张汉熙高级英语课文详解第2册1-5课

[精华版]张汉熙高级英语课文详解第2册1-5课Lesson One
Part One: paragraph 1 --- paragraph 6
sh: v. to move quickly or violently 猛烈冲击、猛打
(1) 暴风雨袭击了海岸的那片树林。

Rainstorm lashed the forest on the coast.
(2) 冰雹无情地打下来。

Hail lashed down mercilessly.
(3) The waves are lashing the shore.
(4) A rising wind was lashing the rain against the window.
2.pummel/ pommel: n.v. to beat or hit with repeated blows, esp. with the fist 用拳头连续敲
打
(1) The thief was pushed and pummeled by an angry crowd.
(2) 他诱骗那人到角落狠狠揍了他30秒钟。

He trapped the man in a corner and pummeled him ferociously for thirty seconds.
3. Louisiana, Mississippi and Alabama
4. California, Las Vegas
5. consult: go to a person or book for information
consult sb.: ask sb. for special information, advice
consult with sb.: to exchange opinions of sb.
6. Hurricane Betsy:
a powerful Hurricane of the 1965 Atlantic Hurricane season which caused enormous damage in
the Bahamas, Florida, and Louisiana.
7. A good: at least, full
(1) 我们足足等了三个小时. We waited for a good three hours.
(2) 昨晚Bill在酒馆里喝得烂醉. Bill had a good drink at the pub last night.
(3) It is a good five hours to drive to the railway station.
(4) His parents gave him a good beating.
8. We can batten down and ride it out.
A metaphor: compare the house in a hurricane to a ship fighting a storm at sea
We can make the necessary preparations and survive the hurricane without much damage.
9. Batten: to fasten with battens 用压条钉住(或固定)
10. Ride it out: to stay afloat during a storm without much damage.
11. Scud: (of clouds or ships) to move swiftly, glide or skim along easily 疾行、飞驰、掠过
(1) The ship scuds before the wind.
(2) White clouds scudded across the sky.
12. Vietnam
(1) A country of southeast Asia (2) Capital: Hanoi (3) The largest city: Ho Chi Minh City (4)
Population: 84,400,000 (5) the Red River (6) the Mekong River Delta 13. Sit out:
(1) It’s hot indoors. Let’s sit out in the garden.
sit sth. out: a. to stay to the end of a performance
b. take no part in (esp. a particular dance) (2) The play was boring, but we sat it out.
(3) I think I will sit out the next dance.
Part Two: paragraph 7 --- paragraph 27
1. French door: two adjoining doors that have glass panes from top
to bottom and they open in
the middle
to throw away; (fig.) to do sth. with a lot of enthusiasm and energy.
2. Fling: to throw violently ;
(1) She flung her shoe at the cat.
(2) The youth got him by the front of his shirt and flung him to the ground. (3) How can you fling your wife away?
(4) He has flung up studies.
(5) She flung herself into her career.
3. shove: push with quick, violent movement. 猛推
(1)人们推推搡搡挤向火车。

People were pushing and shoving toward the train.
(2)警察把剧作家推上警车。

Police shoved the playwright into a van. (3) The U.S. government shoved up the export prices yesterday. (4) Shove
over, friend, and let me sit on the seat beside you. 4. douse: plunge or thrust suddenly into liquid; drench; pour liquid over把… 浸在液体里，使浸透，拨液体在…上
(1) She likes to douse the fruit in cold water .
(2) She doused herself with perfume.
(3) Douse your cigarettes. There is gas in the cellar.
(4) 他们把汽油浇在一辆汽车上，然后点火焚烧。

They had doused a car with gasoline and then set it on fire.
5. shudder: vi. n. shake or tremble suddenly and violently, as in orror or extreme disgust
(1) He shuddered at the memory.
(2) I shudder to think of the consequences.
(3) She gave a great shudder of pleasure from time to time. 6. Inch: n. vt. vi.—move very slowly, carefully, or with difficulty (1) 她看着他一步步登上楼梯。

She watched him inch his way up the stairs.
(2) 救护车爬行般驶向机场。

The ambulance inched to the airport. (3) Production of steel and crude oil inched upward.
(4) He inched the gloves on.
(5) The river was rising by inches.
(6) The car missed him by inches.
(7) He looked every inch the young professor.
(8) Give him an inch (a mile) and he will take an ell (a yard). 7. skim: to move lightly over a surface, not touching; to throw so as to cause to bounce
swiftly and lightly 扔出石块等使掠过(或擦过);在…上掠过
(1) 那孩子扔出一块扁石削过湖面.The child skimmed the flat stone across a lake.
(2) A jetliner appeared to skim buildings in the city.
(3) A seagull skimmed the breakers.
(4) He just skimmed the headlines.
8. maroon: to leave abandoned, isolated, or helpless使处于孤立无援的境地
(1) He was marooned by mutineers with only a week’s supply of food.
(2) Five fishermen were marooned on a rock in a gale.
(3) I am temporarily marooned at home by my injured knee. 9. swath: the space or width covered with one cut of a scythe or other mowing device一刈的面积; 刈幅; 狭长的条或地带
(1) A broad swath of sunlight cut the room in half.
(2) a swath of grassland
cut a (wide) swath:
(1) He was determined to cut a wide swath with the girls. (2) The storm cut a wide swath through the town.
10. snap: a. to (cause to) break with a sudden, sharp crack
(1) Every minute or so I could hear a snap, a crack and a crash as another tree went down.
(2) The branch snapped under the weight of the snow.
(3) 我用力拉鞋带，鞋带啪的绷断了。

The lace snapped when I pulled hard at it.
b. to move so as to cause a sharp sound like sth. suddenly breaking
(1) The door snapped shut behind us.
(2) The dry wood snapped and cracked as it burned. (3) If I hit upon the right name, her fingers snapped. c. to speak or say quickly, usu. in an annoyed way (1) He is always snapping at his child.
d. to photograph
(1) Cameramen snapped celebrities while TV men interviewed them. 11. huddle: to (cause to) crowd together, in a group or in a pile (1) Passengers huddled at the entrance gate.
(2) They like to huddle around the blazing fires when it was
bitterly cold in the house.
(3) She was cold, so huddled up against her sister in bed. Part Three: paragraph 28---paragraph 39
1. strew: vt. (strewed, strewn or strewed): scatter, to spread here and there
(1) They strewed the sawdust on a snow-covered path. =They strewed the snow-covered path with
the sawdust.
(2) Italy was strewn thick with the remains of Roman buildings (3)
他们在园子里播种。

(4) 外交道路上布满挫折。

2. coil: n. v. wind round and round卷, 线圈, 匝, 盘绕, 把...卷成圈(1) She coiled her hair at the back of her head.
(2) The seaman tripped over a coil of rope and fell into the water.
(3) 蛇盘绕在一根树枝上.
(4) 她蜷缩在床上看书。

3. shatter: break suddenly into very small pieces
(1) 突然寂静被打破了。

(2) 他去世的消息使她震惊。

(3) 那一阵上山的急跑后，我感到筋疲力尽。

(4) The rain shattered at the windowpane.
(5) Hopes of reaching an agreement were shattered today.
4. stream: to move in a continuous flowing mass
(1) 我们有时会默默对视，任热泪从我们脸上淌下。

(2) 他精通语言，说起话来滔滔不绝。

(3) 阳光正照进我的房间。

(4) Rural residents are streaming to the cities.
(5) She came in with a streaming umbrella.
(6) Dust streamed out behind the car.
5. rake: n.
v. rake; (fig.) to search or examine in a continuous sweeping manner
(1) Police raked the district for a trace of the missing men.
(2) His gaze raked the class, killing the sound in each face.
(3) 敌方的探照灯横扫海面。

(4) 他在顶楼翻了一下午，找几张旧时的家庭照。

6. rampage: (about, through) to rush about wildly and angrily 横冲直撞，暴跳(如雷)
He could not lie still, but rampaged up and down his bedroom. (1)
(2) Hundreds of youths rampaged through the towns, smashing shop windows and overturning
cars.
(3) The escaped elephant was for two days.
(4) The rioters went and vandalized many shops.
7. Camille, meanwhile, had northward across Mississippi, dropping more than 28
inches of rain into west Virginia and southern Virginia, causing huge
mountain slides and 111 additional before over the Atlantic Ocean.
8. Seabee: member of one of the construction battalions in the U.S. Navy that builds naval
aviation bases and shore facilities. 海军修建营成员
Part Four: Translation
,. 整整一周的大雨造成了该地区河流的外溢，许多房屋被毁，许多农田被淹。

,. 一阵狂风掀走了整个房顶，在劈头盖脸的雨水中，一家人紧紧地依偎在一起。

,. 地震发生时，他明显地感到房屋的晃动，听到窗户破碎的声响。

,. 市政府为将到来的艺术节做了周密的准备工作，一些高大的建筑物上挂起了彩灯和彩旗。

,. 骚乱之后，街上到处都是被烧毁的小汽车、石块。

Unit 2 Marrakech
Scene1: (Par.1-3) The Burial of the Poor Inhabitants
I. Words and Expressions
1. in a cloud: in a large number.
a cloud of: a large number of small things moving through the air as a mass.
e.g.: a cloud of insects
2. thread one’s way through/ across:
to pass through by twisting, turning, or weaving in and out
3. pomegranate (n.) : 石榴;石榴树
4. wail: to cry out in a loud, shrill voice, usu. in mourning or lamentation 悲伤地哭号e.g.:
Wailing Wall
The wind wailed through the trees.
5. chant: (n.) : a simple liturgical song in which a string of syllables or words is sung to each
tune(礼拜仪式唱的)单调的歌, 用同一音调唱出的几个音节或字
6. bier: a platform or portable framework on which a coffin or corpse is place棺材板
7. hack (v.) : to cut roughly or clumsily (at) 胡乱砍、劈
e.g.: After the murderer had killed his victim, he hacked the body to pieces.
He hacked at the branch until it fell to the ground.
8. oblong (adj.): longer than broad;elongated长方形的
9. lumpy (adj.): full of lumps;covered with lumps多块状物的;凹凸不平的
10. hummocky: full of or looking like low, rounded hills布满小丘的;似小圆丘的
11. derelict (adj.): deserted by the owner;abandoned;forsaken无主的;被遗弃的
12. lot (n.): a plot of ground一块地
13. undifferentiated: without clear qualities or distinctive characteristics无区别的
14. prickly (adj.) : full of prickles多刺的
prickly pear : any of a genus of cactus plants having cylindrical or large, flat, oval stem joints
and edible fruits仙人掌果
Prickly heat 痱子
15. bumpy (adj.) : full of bumps;rough;jolting崎岖不平的;颠簸的
II. Paraphrase
1. The burying-ground is merely a huge waste of hummocky earth, like
a derelict building-lot.
(Par. 2)
The burying--ground is only a huge piece of wasteland full of mounds of earth. It looks like an empty and deserted piece of land on which a building was going to be put up.
2. All colonial empires are in reality founded upon that fact. (Par.
3)
All the strong countries build up their empires by treating the people in the colonies like animals.
3. They rise out of earth, they sweat and starve for a few years, and then they sink back into the nameless mounds of the graveyard. (Par.
3)
They are born on this land, then they work hard and suffer from hungry for a few years, and finally they die and are buried in graves without a name.
Scene2: (Par.4-7) The Begging of Bread of an Employee
I. Words and Expressions
1. gazelle (n.) : any of various small，swift，graceful antelopes瞪
羚
2. hindquarter (n.): either of the two hind legs and the adjoining loin of a carcass of veal，beef，
lamb，etc(;the hind part of a four—legged animal(牛、羊、猪等的)后腿肉;[复](四
肢动物的)后躯
3. nibble (v.) : take small, cautious, or gentle bites 小口地咬;谨慎地咬(啃)
nibble at sth.
4. butt (vt.) : strike or push with the head or horns:ram
with the head(用头或角)撞击;顶撞
5. navvy (n.) : a unskilled laborer, as on canals, roads, etc. 劳工;无特殊技术的工人
6. sidle (v.) : move sideways, esp. in a shy or stealthy manner(羞怯或偷偷地)侧身行走
7. stow (v.) : pack or store away; fill by packing in an orderly way 装载; 装进; 收藏
stow things away in the attic
stow clothes into a trunk= stow a trunk with clothes
stow-away 偷乘者，藏于飞机/轮船中免费搭乘者 8. municipality n: a city, town. etc. having its own incorporated
government for local affairs自治市(或镇) Scene3: (Par.8-15) Living Condition of the Jews
I. Words and Expressions
1. ghetto: n. (in certain European cities) a section to which Jews were formerly restricted 犹太人
区
2. Moorish adj.
Moor: (1). A member of a Muslim people of mixed Berber and Arab descent, now living
chiefly in northwest Africa.
(2).One of the Muslims who invaded Spain in the 8th century and established a civilization in
Andalusia that lasted until the late 15th century. 3. skull—cap (n.) : a light, closefitting, brimless cap, usually worn indoors(室内戴的)无沿便帽
4. infest: vt. of rats, insects etc. be present in large numbers大批出动、成批出现、大批滋生
e.g.: warehouses infested with rats
shark-infested waters
The waterway is infested with pirates.
infestation: n. an infestation of rats
5. booth (n.) : a stall for the sale of goods, as at markets or
fairs(市场或集市上的)货摊;摊店，
摊棚
6. prehistoric (adj.): pertaining to ancient times, very old-fashioned老式的;古旧的
7. warp (v.) : become bent or twisted out of shape弯翘、变弯、歪曲
e.g.: The hot sun warped the boards.
His judgment is warped.
8. start on sth.: to take sth. as one’s profession
cf. start to do sth. /doing sth.
9. frenzied (adj.): full of uncontrolled excitement疯狂的，狂乱的
10. clamor (v.): make a loud confused noise or shout;cry out喧嚷，喧嚣，吵闹
11. grope (v.): feel or search about blindly, hesitantly, or uncertainly摸索;探索
(1) She groped for her spectacles in her bag.
(2) Throughout the ages men have groped after the meaning of the Universe and their own role in it.
(3) The lecturer paused, groping for the most effective word to express his meaning.
(4) They groped their way into the dark theatre.
12. self-contained (adj.): having within oneself or itself all that is necessary;self-sufficient，as a
community自给自足的
13. average:
e.g.: We received 20 letters a day on average.
His school work is well above average.
14. witchcraft (n.) : the power or practices of witches: black magic;sorcery巫术;魔法
II. Paraphrase
1. A carpenter sits cross-legged at a prehistoric lathe, turning chair-legs at lightning speed. (Par. 9)
A carpenter sits with his legs crossed and uses a very old-fashioned lathe, giving a round
shape quickly to the chair-legs he is making.
2. Instantly, from the dark holes all round, there was a frenzied rush of Jews. (Par. 10)
Immediately from their dark hole-like cells everywhere, a great number of Jews rushed out,
wild excited.
3. Every one of them looks on a cigarette as a more or less impossible luxury. (Par. 10)
Every one of these poor Jews considered the cigarette as a luxurious thing they could not
possibly afford.
4. A good job Hitler wasn’t there. (Par.11)
It was lucky for the Jews that Hitler had not come to this place. If he had, the Jews would have
been exterminated as they were in Poland and other Europeans countries.
5. Tha t’s only for show. (Par.14)
That’s only for pretense. The Jews only pretend to work as a poor laborer. He is in reality very
rich.
Scene4: (Par.16-18) Cultivation of Soil
1.conspicuous: adj. attracting attention by being unexpected, unusual, outstanding惹人注目的，
显眼的
2.give sb. a second glance: to pay more attention to sb., look twice to satisfy one’s curiosity
3.Gibraltar (Strait of Gibraltar): Channel, connecting the Mediterranean Sea with the Atlantic Ocean. Lying between southernmost Spain and north westernmost Africa, it is 36 mi (58 km) long and narrows to 8 mi (13 km) between Point Marroquí (Spain) and Point Cires (Morocco).
It has long been of great strategic and economic importance.
4. Suez (Suez Canal): A ship canal, about 166 km (103 mi) long, traversing the Isthmus of Suez and linking the Red Sea and the Gulf of Suez with the Mediterranean Sea. Location
Chances are that : (oral) it is possible5.
e.g.: Chances are that he has heard the news.
6. ones’ eyes take in: see, look at
e.g.:I was too busy taking in the beautiful furniture to notice who was in the room.
Her eyes were taking in nothing but the expensive hats.
7. the Distressed Areas: area where there is widespread unemployment, poverty, e.g., a slum
8. grove: (n.) : orchard果园
9. Foreign Legionnaires: France organized a foreign legion shortly after the conquest of Algiers in 1830, enlisting recruits who were not French subjects. Its international character and the tradition of not revealing enlistees’ backgrounds have helped to surround the Foreign Legion with an aura of mystery and romance
10. back—breaking (adj.) : requiring great physical exertion;very tiring费劲的;辛苦的，累
人的
11. lucerne (n.) : a type of plant whose leaves grow in groups of three and which is used
for feeding farm animals紫花苜蓿
12. fodder (n.) : gorse food for cattle，horses，sheep，etc. as cornstalks，hay and straw(牛、马、
羊的)粗饲料;饲草
13. yoke (v.) : put a yoke on;join together;link用轭连起;连合
14. furrow (n.) : a narrow groove made in the ground by a plow沟; 犁沟
15. subsoil (n.) : the layer of soil beneath the surface soil底土，下层土
II. Paraphrase
(1) Still, a white skin is always fairly conspicuous. (Par. 16)
a white skin: synecdoche
However, a white-skinned person is always very noticeable.
(2) In a tropical landscape one’s eye tak es in everything except the human beings. (Par. 16)
If you take a look at the landscape in a tropical region, you will see everything but the human
being.
(3) No one would think of running cheap trips to the Distressed Areas. (Par. 17)
No one would think of organizing cheap trips for the tourists to visit the poor slum areas.
(4) For nine-tenth of the people the reality of life is an endless, backbreaking struggle to wring a
little food out of an eroded soil (Par. 17)
wring: twist, squeeze; eroded: poor
Life is very hard for 90% of the people. They can only produce a little food on the poor soil
with their back-busting toil.
Scene5: (Par.19-21) Life of Women
1. a file of: a line of people one behind the other
2. mummify: to dry up, to become thin and withered, look like a mummy
3. creep: vi. to move slowly, quietly and carefully, esp. so as not to attract attention爬, 蹑手蹑脚,
蔓延
e.g.: The sight of snake makes my flesh creep.
The thief crept along the corridor.
4. hobble (v.) : go unsteadily，haltingly，etc(蹒跚
5. leathery (adj.) : 1ike leather in appearance or texture. tough and flexible(外观或质地)似皮革
的;坚韧的，粗硬的
6. fifteen-hands: unit of measurement, especially for the height of horses; a hand, the breadth of
the human palm, is now usually taken to be 4 inches.
7. packsaddle: a saddle designed to support the load carried by a pack animal 驮鞍
8. bridle: n. a head harness for guiding a horse; it consists of stall, bit and reins马勒, 缰绳
9. halter: n. a rope, cord, strap, etc. usually with a a headstall,
for trying or leading an animal,
with or without a lead rope (缰绳)(马)笼头
10. tip: v.t to pour sth. from one place or container into another
倾覆、倒
11. gut: (usu. Pl.) the bowels; entrails 内脏
have the guts to do sth. 有胆量做某事
II. Paraphrase
(1) Par. 19: She accepted her status as an old woman, that is to say
as a beast of burden.
She took it for granted that as an old woman she was the lowest in
the community, that is to say, she was only fit for doing heavy work
like an animal.
(2) Par. 20: though they had registered themselves on my eyeballs I cannot truly say that I had
seen them.
My eyes must have recorded the scene but I did not consciously
observe what was happening
(for I did not see the old woman carrying the heavy load of firewood)
(3) Par. 21: This k ind of things makes one’s blood boil.
metonymy.
The cruel treatment of the donkey makes one very angry.
(4) Par. 21: People with brown skin are next door to invisible.
People with brown skins are almost invisible.
Scene6: (Par22-26) The Soldiers
1. stork: n. any of a group of large, long-legged wading birds, having a long neck and bill, and
related to herons 鹳
2. infantry: soldiers who fight on battle 步兵
3. clump: v. to cause to form the sounds of heavy footsteps
e.g.: Grandpa clumped along in his boots.
4. clatter: n. A rapid succession of loud, sharp noises 急促的敲击声
5. reach-me-down: adj. colloq. Second-hand or ready made
6. khaki (adj.) : made of khaki (cloth) 卡其(布)制的
7. squash (v.) : force one’s way;squeeze挤进，挤入
8. slump (v.) : have a drooping posture or gait低头弯腰(而行);消沉
9. sensitive: impressive
10. sullen: showing resentment, sulky; glum 揾怒的，闷闷不乐的
11. inquisitive (adj.) : inclined to ask many questions or seek
information; eager to learn好询问的;好奇
12. scrub: to clean by rubbing hard
13. syphilis (n.): an infectious venereal disease, caused by a s- pirochete and usually transmitted
by sexual intercourse or acquired congenitally梅毒
14. garrison: troops stationed in a fort or fortified place驻军;卫戍部队
15. in this connection: while speaking of such things, in this point
16. it doesn’t matter twopence: it doesn’t matter at all
17. charger: n. a horse ridden in battle or on parade 战马，军马
18. N.C.O.: Noncommissioned Officer军士，士官
19. ranks: the body of soldiers of an army 士兵
II. Paraphrase
(1) Their splendid bodies were hidden in reach-me-down khaki uniforms (Par. 23)
The Senegalese soldiers were wearing ready—made khaki uniforms which hid their beautiful well—built bodies(
(2) How long before they turn their guns in the other direction? (Par. 25)
How much longer before they turn their guns around and attack us?
(3) Every white man there had this thought stowed somewhere or other in his mind. (Par. 26)
Every white man, the onlookers，the officers on their horses and the white NCOs, marching
with the black soldiers, had this thought hidden somewhere or other in his mind.
Unit 3 Pub Talk and the King’s English
Part1: (Par.1-3)
1. indulge: v. to allow oneself or someone else to have or do what they want
e.g.: (1) Don't always indulge in empty talk.
(2) This is no time to indulge in sarcasm.
indulgence n.
e.g.: (1) I must ask the readers' kind indulgence for any inaccuracies and omissions that may
possibly occur.
(2) We are sorry indeed that you have been troubled and we asked your indulgence.
indulgent adj.
e.g.: They are indulgent parents.
be indulgent of other’s shortcomings
2. …as it meanders or leaps an sparkles or just glows
--meander (v.) : wander aimlessly or idly;ramble
Leap: to flow swiftly, joyously
Sparkle: to burn brightly, throwing off sparkles
Glow: to burn steadily without flame
--metaphor
3. conversationalist (n.) : a person who converses;esp. one who enjoys and is skilled at
conversation
4. anecdote (n.) : a short, entertaining account of some happening, usually personal or
biographical
5. in a flash: in a bat of an eye
6. Upbringing: the training an education received while growing up
hyperbole.
Here: one who spends so much time in English pubs, a pub frequenter
7. On the rocks: metaphor. compare marriage to a ship wrecked on the rocks. break up
Got out of bed on the wrong side: unlucky. An ancient superstition
that it was unlucky to set the 8.
left foot on the ground first on getting out of bed
9. delve v. to search deeply
e.g.: (1) He enjoys delving into her past.
(2) Delve a little deeper if you really want to know the score.
(3) If your site isn't easy to navigate, people will not stay around
to delve deeper.
10. recesses: a secluded, inner place (al. pl.) 幽深处，隐居处
e.g.:(1) I push the problem down into the dim recess of my mind.
(2) The committee is going into recess for a couple of weeks.
recess: cf. Adjourn
II. Paraphrase
1. Conversation is the most sociable of all human activities. (Pae.1)
--More than other human activities, conversation helps to promote an agreeable, pleasant
relationship among people.
人类的一切活动中，只有闲谈最宜于增进友谊。

2. The charm of conversation is that it does not really start from anywhere. (Par.2)
--The conversation is attractive because it does not need a special topic to start a conversation.
3.There is no winning in conversation. (Par.2)
--In a conversation, one doesn’t try to prove oneself right and the others wrong.
4. The fact that their marriages may be on the rocks, or that their love affairs have been broken or even that they got out of bed on the wrong side is simply not a concern.(Par.3)
--It is not a matter of interest/ importance if…
Part2: (Par.4-11)
1. desultorily: at random, aimlessly 散漫,断断续续,不连贯,随意
desultory adj.
e.g.: (1) He broke into a desultory chat with me over his business affairs.
(2) The careful study of a few books is better than the desultory reading of many.
2. Australia:
--Nation occupying the whole of Australia, the smallest continent, between the Indian Ocean
and the southwest Pacific Ocean.
Location
--Its capital is Canberra, and its largest city is Sydney.
--The first settlements there were penal colonies for British convicts.
--Its aboriginal tribes, which still exist today, are thought to have migrated from Southeast Asia twenty thousand years ago.
3. snobbery: the behavior of a snob
snob: a person who pays too much attention to social class and dislikes or keeps away from
people of a lower class snob
snobbish: adj.
e.g.: Is his distance a result of snobbery or shyness?
4. scamper: to run quickly, taking short steps, usu. playfully or (esp. of a small animal) in fright
e.g.:(1) Giggling, the children scampered back into the house.
(2) to take a scamper through Mark Twain ;
(3) to scamper through Mark Twain
5. turn up one‘s nose at 看不起
cf. turn up the thumbs 赞扬
e.g.: 我讨厌人们那种对爵士乐不屑一顾的文人般的势利。

I’m bored with the intellectual snobbery of people who turn up their noses at jazz.
6. we ought to think ourselves back into the shoes of the Saxon peasant. (Par. 11)
)into the shoes: metaphor (Or more appropriately an idiomatic expression) to think as if one (1
were wearing the shoes of the Saxon peasant, i.e. as if one were a Saxon peasant.
(2)be in another’s shoes: to be in another’s position
e.g.:给我一百万，我也不愿处于你的地位。

I wouldn’t be in your shoes for a million.
一个能从别人的观念来看事情，能了解别人心灵活动的人，永远不必为自己的前
途担心。

One that puts himself in shoes of others can learn the heartbeat of others and should
never be worried about his own destiny.
II. Paraphrase
1. The glow of the conversation burst into flames. (Par. 6)
Metaphor, comparing conversation to a fire.
--The conversation became spirited and exciting.
2. It could still go ignorantly on. (Par. 6)
--The conversation could go on without anybody knowing who was right or wrong.
3. We had traveled in five minutes to Australia. (Para 7)
Metaphor.
--Though we were in an English pub, we were soon talking about Australia and the Australians.
4. The conversation was on wings. (Par. 8)
Metaphor, comparing conversation to a bird flying and soaring.
--The conversation became spirited and exciting.
Part3:(Par.12-17)
1. Thomas Nash: 1567–1601. English Elizabethan Pamphleteer, poet and satirist.
--noted for witty, often invective literary criticism and for The Unfortunate Traveler (1594),
possibly the best Elizabethan narrative work.
2. Thomas Dekker: (1572-1632) English Elizabethan playwright and pamphleteer
--Noted for his vivid portrayals of London life and his genial sympathy for the lower classes.
3. Clip: to abbreviate 简化
e.g.: (1) We clipped our visit by a week.
(2) She wore a diamond clip on her new dress.
4. After five centuries of growth, of tussling with the French of
the Normans and the Angevins and the Plantagenets and at last absorbing it, the conquered in the end conquering the conquerors. English had come royally into its own. (Para 13)
(1)five centuries: The Normans, under William I, conquered England
in 1066 and the Merry
Wives of Windsor was probably written in 1599 – a time span of roughly 500 years
between the two events.
(2)tussle: to fight, struggle, contend, etc, vigorously or vehemently; wrestle
(3)Angevins and Plantagenets: names of ruling Norman dynasties in England (1154-1399).
(4)come into one’s own: to receive proper recognition 受到应有的重
视
e.g.: 随着T型福特汽车的成功，汽车工业得到了应有的重视。

With the success of the model T Ford, the automobile industry came
into its own.
5. pejorative: making or becoming worse; depreciative, derogatorily
贬低的、轻蔑的
6. facetious: lightly joking, esp. at an inappropriate time.
e.g.: He was so facetious that he turned everything into a joke.
7. Speak with the vigor of ordinary folk:
--to use the strong language that ordinary people would use in such circumstances
8. Thomas Carlyle(1795-1881): Scottish literary and political writer, historian
--Birthplace: Ecclefechan, Scotland
--Best Known As: Author of Heroes and Hero-Worship
--most famous in the Victorian era, known for his dense, houghtful books on history and
philosophy
--the victim of a famous misfortune
9. Edict: (n.) : an official public proclamation or order issued by authority;decree法令;命令;
布告。