初中定语从句讲解复习课程
中考英语语法复习说课稿讲义第十二讲:定语从句
中考英语语法复习说课稿讲义第十二讲:定语从句一. 教材分析定语从句是中考英语语法中的重要内容,也是学生难以掌握的部分。
本讲主要围绕定语从句的定义、分类、引导词以及用法进行讲解。
通过本讲的学习,学生能够理解定语从句的概念,掌握定语从句的分类和引导词,学会如何运用定语从句修饰名词或代词。
二. 学情分析定语从句是学生在初中阶段接触到的较复杂的语法知识,对于部分学生来说可能存在一定的难度。
学生在学习过程中可能会对定语从句的分类和引导词产生混淆,同时也容易在实际运用中出现错误。
因此,教师在教学过程中需要耐心引导,让学生逐步理解和掌握定语从句的用法。
三. 说教学目标1.知识目标:使学生理解定语从句的概念,掌握定语从句的分类和引导词,了解定语从句的用法。
2.能力目标:培养学生运用定语从句修饰名词或代词的能力,提高学生的英语表达能力。
3.情感目标:激发学生学习英语语法的兴趣,增强学生自信心,培养学生的合作精神。
四. 说教学重难点1.重点:定语从句的定义、分类、引导词以及用法。
2.难点:定语从句在实际语境中的运用,特别是关系代词和关系副词的用法。
五. 说教学方法与手段1.采用情境教学法,通过设置各种真实的语境,让学生在实际语境中学习和运用定语从句。
2.运用多媒体教学手段,如PPT、视频等,直观地展示定语从句的用法,增强学生的学习兴趣。
3.分组讨论法,让学生在小组内讨论定语从句的用法,互相学习,共同进步。
4.任务型教学法,通过完成各种任务,让学生在实践中运用定语从句,提高学生的实际运用能力。
六. 说教学过程1.导入:通过一个谜语引发学生对定语从句的好奇心,激发学生的学习兴趣。
2.讲解:讲解定语从句的定义、分类、引导词以及用法,结合实例进行分析。
3.练习:让学生进行定语从句的练习,及时纠正学生在练习中出现的错误。
4.情境创设:设置各种真实的语境,让学生在语境中运用定语从句。
5.分组讨论:让学生在小组内讨论定语从句的用法,互相学习,共同进步。
初中定语从句语法讲解完整版
初中定语从句语法讲解完整版•定语从句基本概念•关系代词引导定语从句目录•关系副词引导定语从句•介词+关系词引导定语从句•特殊类型定语从句•定语从句在句子中成分和位置•总结回顾与拓展延伸01定语从句基本概念定义与作用定义定语从句是对名词或代词进行修饰、限定的从句,其作用是提供更多关于所修饰词的信息。
作用使句子表达更具体、生动,有助于读者或听者更准确地理解所表达的内容。
前置定语通常将定语从句放在被修饰词的前面,如“漂亮的花园”中,“漂亮的”就是前置定语。
将定语从句放在被修饰词的后面,用逗号隔开,如“花园,漂亮的”中,“漂亮的”就是后置定语。
对被修饰词进行必要的限定,使句子意思更明确,如“我喜欢那本红色的书”中,“红色的”就是限定性定语从句。
对被修饰词进行补充说明,去掉后不影响句子意思的完整性,如“我昨天买了本书,它是关于历史的”中,“它是关于历史的”就是非限定性定语从句。
后置定语限定性定语从句非限定性定语从句结构形式与其他从句区别与名词性从句区别名词性从句在句子中充当主语、宾语等成分,而定语从句则充当定语成分,修饰名词或代词。
与状语从句区别状语从句表达主句动作发生的时间、条件、原因等背景信息,而定语从句则对名词或代词进行修饰、限定。
与同位语从句区别同位语从句对前面的名词进行解释说明,两者处于同等地位;而定语从句则对前面的名词进行修饰、限定,处于从属地位。
02关系代词引导定语从句关系代词种类及用法关系代词种类常见的关系代词有who,whom,whose,that,which,as等。
用法关系代词在定语从句中充当主语、宾语、定语等,连接先行词和从句,起到桥梁作用。
限制性定语从句中关系代词省略情况省略条件在限制性定语从句中,当关系代词在从句中充当宾语时,可以省略。
示例The book (that) I borrowed from the library is veryinteresting. 我从图书馆借的那本书很有趣。
初中英语定语从句复习说课课件
第三步,难点突破。 第三步,难点突破。
在基本练习结束以后,进入复习的重要两个环节, 在基本练习结束以后,进入复习的重要两个环节,即关系 代词中“ 代词中“which”与“that” “who” “whose”的用法区 与 别。首先,对于第一个难点设置一个小的情形,以学生感 首先,对于第一个难点设置一个小的情形, 兴趣的哈利波特系列小说和电影为背景。 兴趣的哈利波特系列小说和电影为背景。以完成句子练习 为训练形式。呈现关系代词中的只能够用关系代词“that” 为训练形式。呈现关系代词中的只能够用关系代词“ 的特殊情况。然后,让学生观察这些句子。学生通过观察, 的特殊情况。然后,让学生观察这些句子。学生通过观察, 总结相关规律。接着,通过将例句与语法点连线的方式, 总结相关规律。接着,通过将例句与语法点连线的方式, 复习这一特殊用法。 复习这一特殊用法。
2教材处理 教材处理
主要从两个方面作难点突破。 主要从两个方面作难点突破。 1,作为语法复习方面,重点突破点是关系代词 作为语法复习方面, 作为语法复习方面 的用法who和whose的用 中“which”与“that”的用法 与 的用法 和 的用 法以及他们的区别。 法以及他们的区别。 2,作为难度提升方面,重点突破定语从句的长 作为难度提升方面, 作为难度提升方面 句分析和写作中的定语从句整合。 句分析和写作中的定语从句整合。
3教学目标 教学目标
• 这节课的主要目的是通过本章复习, 使 这节课的主要目的是通过本章复习 学生明白定语从句的构成和用法。 学生明白定语从句的构成和用法。 • 并且学生在复习定语从句的同时,了 并且学生在复习定语从句的同时, 解它在阅读和写作中的运用。 解它在阅读和写作中的运用。
4重点难点 重点难点
• 其次,从课堂教学组织方面来说,也存在一些问 题。一个就是评课老师提到的,在语法总结这一 块,应当让学生先分析,总结归纳之后,然后再 连线。留给学生思考的时间太少了。对课堂的驾 驭不是很纯熟。第二个就是在长句分解这一部分, 处理的灵活性不够。对于有些句子,比较复杂的, 或者学生一时难以分析清楚地。我马上就急了, 不能够耐心地,或者转换方式来引导他们找到正 确的答案。也许找句子的主干不行,可以通过翻 译法或者其他的方法来理解这个句子。说明我在 课堂把握的灵活性上,还需要进一步的提升。学 生有时候问题回答不到,也许是因为老师的引导 不到位而造成的。
定语从句(9张PPT)初中英语专项复习
注意:当先行词指人时,也可以用who。如:
Wang Hua is the only person in our school that/who will attend
the meeting. 王华是我校将出席此会议的仅有的一人。 (5)当先行词前面有who, which等疑问代词时。如:
Mr. Lin is just the man (whom) I want to see. 林老师正是我想见的人。 注意:关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替, 也可以省略。 如:
The man (who/whom) you met just now is my friend. 你刚才见到的那个人是我的朋友。
There is little that I can do for you. 我几乎不能为你做任何事。 注意:当先行词指人时,也可以用who。 如:
Any man that/who has a sense of duty won't do such a thing. 但凡有点责任感的人都不会做这种事。
THANK YOU
(2)当先行词被序数词修饰时。如:
The first place that they visited in London was Big Ben. 他们在伦敦参观的第一站是大本钟。 (3)当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。如:
This is the best film that I have ever seen. 这是我所看过的最好的一部电影。 (4)当形容词被the very, the only, the same, the last 等修饰时。如:
初中定语从句教案详解
初中定语从句教案详解一、教学目标:1. 让学生掌握定语从句的定义和基本用法。
2. 使学生能够识别并运用关系代词who、which、that和关系副词where、when、why等引导定语从句。
3. 培养学生运用定语从句进行句子构建和理解的能力。
二、教学内容:1. 定语从句的定义和作用2. 关系代词who、which、that的用法3. 关系副词where、when、why的用法4. 定语从句的练习和应用三、教学重点和难点:1. 定语从句的定义和基本用法2. 关系代词who、which、that和关系副词where、when、why的区分和应用四、教学过程:1. 导入:通过一个图片或故事引出定语从句的概念,让学生初步感知定语从句的存在。
2. 讲解:详细讲解定语从句的定义、作用以及关系代词who、which、that和关系副词where、when、why的用法。
结合实际例句,让学生理解并掌握定语从句的构成和用法。
3. 练习:布置一些定语从句的练习题,让学生运用所学知识进行句子构建和理解。
通过小组讨论或个人作业的形式,巩固所学内容。
4. 应用:设计一些实际场景或故事,让学生运用定语从句进行口语表达或写作练习,提高学生的实际运用能力。
5. 总结:对本节课的内容进行总结,强调定语从句的重要性和用法。
鼓励学生在日常学习中多运用定语从句,提高英语水平。
五、教学评价:1. 课堂参与度:观察学生在课堂上的积极参与情况和提问回答的表现。
2. 练习完成情况:检查学生完成练习题的正确率和进步程度。
3. 应用能力:评估学生在口语表达和写作中运用定语从句的能力。
4. 课后反馈:收集学生的学习反馈,了解他们对定语从句的理解和掌握程度。
六、教学建议:1. 注重学生的个体差异,因材施教,给予不同水平的学生适当的指导和帮助。
2. 多用多媒体教学手段,如图片、视频等,增加课堂的趣味性和生动性。
3. 鼓励学生多进行口语练习,提高学生的实际运用能力。
定语从句(18张PPT)初中英语专项复习课件
(2)先行词被特定缠,that抢先把位占。 当先行词被the only, the very, the same, the right 等修饰时,关系代词用that 而不用which The white flower is the only one ( that) I really like.
What is the attributive clause? (什么是定语从句)
定语从句:在复合句中修饰名词或代词,在句子中起定 语作用的从句。
Huitailang is a wolf who is very bad..
先行词 关系词 定语从句 先行词: 被修饰的名词或代词 关系词:1.连接从句;2.替代先行词;
THANK YOU
The girl is Gu Ailing. 分解
The girl’s hair is yellow. whose在定语从句中作定语
关系代词 who whom which that whose
可指代
人 人 物 人、物 人、物
从句中的成分
主语、宾语 宾语
主语、宾语 主语、宾语
定语Βιβλιοθήκη that和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换, 但在下 列情况下, 一般用that而不用which。 (1) 先行词为不定代词all,much,little,something, everything,nothing,none等,that来把which踹。
The lady whom my teacher talked with is my mother.
初中定语从句复习教案
初中定语从句复习教案一、教学目标:1. 让学生掌握定语从句的定义和基本用法。
2. 使学生能够正确运用定语从句修饰名词或代词。
3. 培养学生运用定语从句进行口语表达和写作的能力。
二、教学内容:1. 定语从句的定义和作用。
2. 定语从句的关系词:who, which, that等。
3. 定语从句的先行词:名词和代词。
4. 定语从句的句子结构:关系词+谓语+宾语/表语。
5. 定语从句的的位置:前置或后置。
6. 定语从句的练习和应用。
三、教学过程:1. 导入:通过一个谜语引出定语从句的概念,激发学生的兴趣。
2. 新课讲解:(1)讲解定语从句的定义和作用,让学生明白定语从句的作用是为了更清楚地描述名词或代词。
(2)介绍定语从句的关系词:who, which, that等,并讲解它们的使用场合。
(3)讲解定语从句的先行词:名词和代词,让学生明白先行词的作用。
(4)介绍定语从句的句子结构:关系词+谓语+宾语/表语,让学生掌握定语从句的基本构成。
(5)讲解定语从句的位置:前置或后置,让学生明白定语从句在句子中的位置。
3. 课堂练习:(1)让学生练习用定语从句修饰名词或代词,巩固所学知识。
(2)让学生练习判断定语从句的关系词,提高学生的辨别能力。
(3)让学生练习变换句子结构,熟练运用定语从句。
4. 口语表达:让学生运用定语从句进行口语表达,提高学生的实际应用能力。
5. 写作练习:让学生运用定语从句进行写作,培养学生的写作能力。
6. 课堂小结:对本节课的内容进行总结,让学生掌握定语从句的基本用法。
四、课后作业:1. 复习定语从句的定义和基本用法。
2. 复习定语从句的关系词和先行词。
3. 复习定语从句的句子结构和位置。
4. 完成课后练习题,巩固所学知识。
五、教学评价:1. 课堂表现:观察学生在课堂上的参与程度、回答问题的准确性等,了解学生的学习情况。
2. 课后作业:检查学生的作业完成情况,评估学生的掌握程度。
3. 口语表达和写作:评估学生在口语表达和写作中的运用能力,了解学生对定语从句的实际应用情况。
初中·定语从句详细讲解讲课讲稿
定语从句定语从句是一个重点语法项目,而且也是各种考试中考查的重点,要牢固掌握好关系代词和关系副词的基本用法及特殊用法,并且学会利用相关知识来作出判断,准确解答相关试题。
知识详单何为定语从句:在复合句中充当定语的从句叫定语从句。
定语从句的作用相当于形容词,用来修饰主句中的某一名词、代词或整个主句。
先行词:被定语从句修饰的词,定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。
关系词:在先行词和定语从句之间起连接作用的词叫关系词。
关系词有关系代词和关系副词两种。
知识点1关系词知识点2关系代词的用法知识点3关系副词的用法知识点4定语从句的注意事项考点突破考点1 考察关系代词的用法1.(哈尔滨中考)Everyone has his aim in life. However, you can't get fat on one mouthful. Start with the easiest thing______ you can controlA. whoB. thatC. which【解析】选B。
先行词thing是物,且由最高级修饰,关系代词用that,2.(绥化中考) The story book_________ you lent me is very interesting.A. whichB. itC. what【解析】选A。
先行词为The story book,指物,关系词which在从句中作lent的宾语。
故选A,3.(龙东中考)Shirley is the girl_______ taught me how to use We-chat(微信).A. whomB. whichC. who【解析】选C, the girl作先行词,表示人,关系词在从句中作主语,故关系代词用who, 4.(咸宁中考)-Have you seen the documentary named A Bite of China(舌尖上的中国))?-Yeah! It's the most funny one__________ I have ever seen.A. thatB. whatC. whichD. where[解析]选A。
定语从句复习课件ppt
( ) 6. Mr. Green told me that he on a trip next Sunday. (通化)
B A. are going B. was going C. will go
D. would going
( ) 7. Our geography teacher told us that Japan
● Which is the book that was stolen by him?
02
先行词是主句的表语或关系代词在定语从句中作表语 ○ 时。 ○ e.g. China is no longer the country (that) it used to be.
三、关系副词where, when, why引导的定语从句 (在从句中作状语)
1. where表示地点,它引导的定语从句修饰表地点的先行词。 e.g. This is the village where he was born. c.f. This is the village (that/which) he visited last year. 2. when表示时间,它引导的定语从句修饰表时间的先行词。 e.g. I’ll never forget the day when I joined the League. c.f. I’ll never forget the day (that/which) we spent together.
A. that
B. which
C. what
D. /
B
( ) 4. We’re talking about Tonny, you met yesterday.
A. with who B. whom
( C ) 5. Is this the very museum last
初中英语定语从句课件(23张)
are
is
are
plays
who/that在定语从句中做主语时,谓语动词的单复数应与先行词保持一致。
The place ____ interests the children most is the children's palace. A. what B. that C. where D. in which 2. The mountain ____ we visited last summer is the highest mountain in Europe. A. where B. on which C. what D. which 3. This is the park ____ I visited last week. A. which B. when C. what D. where
G
The girl is Zhao Duola.
定语从句
关系代词
Who
先行词
girl
who is smiling
The girl is Duan Chenmeng.
The film star (人) and her film (物) that you have just talked about is well-known.
√ 只用that不用which
3) 领先行词前面有the only, the same, the last, the very时;
√介词后面只能用which
1) 先行词既有人又有物时;
√ 只用that不用which
2) 先行词前面有最高级或序数词修饰时;
① He is the first person that passed the exam.
定语从句专题讲解课件(共53张PPT)
【巧学妙记】定语从句的用法 主句型,从句型,两种句子要完整。 从句紧跟先行词,关系词引导要弄清。 定人要用who或whom,定物which当先用。 关系代词用that,定人定物有本领。 when用来定时间,where用来定地点。 关系代词作成分,唯作宾语可省略。
4.Where is the picture? You bought it last week. _W__h_e_re__is_t_h_e_p_i_c_tu_r_e_t_h_a_t_y_o_u_b_o_u_g_h_t_l_a_s_t _w_e_e_k_?_
1.关系代词that, which引导的定语从句:
形容词作定语
Mary is a girl who is beautiful.
句子作定语,修饰girl, 叫做定语从句
I like music that / which I can dance to.
先行词 关系代词 定语从句
I like the singer who is beautiful. I like the movie that is funny. I still remember the first time when I met her.
I like the movie that is exciting . that 修饰先行词movie
The woman is a teacher.The woman lives next door.
The woman who lives next door is a teacher. who修饰先行词woman
3.Do you know the things and persons
that they are talking about? 先行词 被定语从句修饰的词
定语从句知识点归纳讲解(教学设计)
- 自主学习:鼓励学生在课后自主阅读推荐的英语文章,并尝试运用所学的定语从句知识进行理解和分析。
- 疑问解答:学生在阅读或观看视频过程中遇到不懂的问题,可以随时向我提问,我会提供必要的指导和帮助。
- 实践应用:学生可以尝试在日常生活中使用所学的定语从句知识,如在写作、口语表达或日常交流中运用定语从句,提高实际应用能力。
定语从句知识点归纳讲解(教学设计)
课题:
科Байду номын сангаас:
班级:
课时:计划1课时
教师:
单位:
一、课程基本信息
1.课程名称:定语从句知识点归纳讲解
2.教学年级和班级:八年级一班
3.授课时间:2022年10月15日
4.教学时数:1课时(45分钟)
二、核心素养目标
1. 语言能力:通过讲解和练习,使学生能够正确使用定语从句,提高学生的英语表达能力。
八、课后拓展
1. 拓展内容:
- 推荐阅读材料:提供一些与定语从句相关的英语文章,如关于定语从句的说明文、小说或新闻报道等,让学生通过阅读进一步提高对定语从句的理解和应用能力。
- 视频资源:推荐一些英语教学视频,如YouTube上的定语从句教学视频,让学生通过视觉和听觉的方式进一步巩固定语从句的知识点。
5. 定语从句的先行词:确定先行词与从句之间的关系
6. 定语从句的嵌套结构
②词和句:
1. 关系词:who、whom、which、that等
2. 定语从句的例句:展示一些典型的定语从句例句,如"The book that you gave me is very interesting."
3. 定语从句的练习题:提供一些定语从句的练习题,让学生在课堂上进行练习和讨论
初中英语定语从句语法讲义
初中英语定语从句语法讲义(总4页)--本页仅作为文档封面,使用时请直接删除即可----内页可以根据需求调整合适字体及大小--第一章定语从句1. 基本知识精讲在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。
被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。
用来引导定语从句的词叫关系词(分为关系代词和关系副词)。
定语从句一般放在先行词之后。
如:This is the engineer who will give us a talk on science.先行词关系词定语从句一、由关系代词引导的定语从句英语中的关系代词有who, whom, whose, which, that 和as。
它们的用法如下:1. who,whom的用法who 和 whom 指人,在从句中分别作主语、宾语。
作动词宾语时常被省掉。
在口语中可用who代替whom。
如:The young worker who invented this tool is her brother.This is the boy (whom) I helped.2. which的用法which指物,在从句中作主语或宾语,作宾语是在非正式语体中可以省略。
如:The factory which produces these cars is very large.This is the book (which) you want.3. whose 的用法whose指人或物,在从句中作定语,不可省略。
Whose有时可用of which替换。
如:Do you live in the room whose window opens to the west?This is the student whose pronunciation is the best in our class.4. that的用法that既可指人,也可指物,在从句中作主语或宾语。
作宾语时,在非正式语体中常省略。
定语从句(37张PPT)初中英语专项复习课件
稿定PPT,海量素材持续更
② This is all (that) I can tell you. 新(,th上a千t 指款模物板,选在择总从有句一中作宾语,常省略)
款适合你
③ She is the only person(that) I can trust.(that指人,在从句中作宾语,可以省略)
② It is used to record the tickets (which) passengers buy. 稿定PPT
(作宾稿语定,PPT可,以海量省素略材)持续更
新,上千款模板选择总有一
③ He cam款e适la合te你, which we all know.
(作宾语,在非限制性定语从句中不省略)
先行词是物,只能用that的情况:
3.当先行词被序数词、最高级修饰时: This is the first gift that I bought for my mom. This is the most interesting book that I have read.
4.当先行词被the only , the very , the same ,the last 修饰时: He is the only person that passed the exam in his class.
知识点2:关系代词that /which/who /whom/whose的用法
who和 whom指人, who在定语从句中作主语; whom在定语从句中作宾语, 在限制
性定语从句中不可省略。
The boy who is playing football is my classmate.
初中英语定语从句专题讲解及复习课件
3. 先行词既有人也有物时,只能用that. I can remember the persons and some pictures (that) I see. 4. 注意:!!介词提前时只能用which 而不能用 that 。由动词和介词构成的词组,介词通常不提前。 Is this the library
练习4 (D) 6.The film ________I saw yesterday was very interesting. A. who B. when C. what D. that 7.Is there anything _________ I can help you? (A) A. that B. which C. who D. what 8.All ____ (B) is needed is a few hands to help with the work. A. what B. that C. which D. things (A) 9.Is this the factory _________you wish to visit? A. that B. where C. when D. what
初中英语定语从句详解绝对经典课件
I’ve read all the books that you lend me.
②先行词被every, some, no, all, any, little,
much等修饰时。
Everything that we saw in this film was true.
3. The manw__h_o_s_e_ leg broke in a match used to be a football player.
4. My parents live in a house_w_h__ic_h_/_t_h_a_t
is more than 100 years old.
5. The boy with _w_h__o_m__ John spoke is
Mary is a girl who has long hair.
先行词 关系词 定语从句
关系代词
which, that who, whom, whose
关系副词 Where, when
➢ 定语从句的用法:
✓当先行词是物时, 用which 或that引导.
These are the trees which were planted last year.
作宾语
✓whose 作定语从句的定语.
I know the girl whose mother is a teacher.
分解
I know the girl. The girl’s mother is a teacher.
作定语
✓that 可以作定语从句的主语和宾语.
注意: 关系代词作动词宾语时可
⑥ 当先行词同时指人和物时
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。
定语从句一、定义:在复合句中,修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句,被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词,引导定语从句的引导词分为:关系代词who, whom, whose, which, that等,和关系副词where, when, why等,关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中担任句子成份,不可省略。
1.由who引导的定语从句中,who用作主语,如:This is the boy who often helps me.2.由whom引导的定语从句中,whom用作宾语,如:The man whom you are waiting for has gone home.3.由whose引导的定语从句中,whose用作定语,如:Do you know the girl whose skirt is white?4.由which引导的定语从句中,which用作主语或谓语动词的宾语或介词的宾语。
如:The room in which there is a machine is a workshop(车间).The river which is in front of my house is very clean.This is the pen which you want.注意:(1)whom, which用作介词宾语时,介词可放在whom、which之前,也可放在从句原来的位置上;但在含有介词的动词固定词组中,介词只能放在原来的位置上。
如:He is the very person whom we must take good care of.(2)引导非限制性定语从句时,必须用关系代词which,不用that。
如:I have lost my bag, which I like very much.(3)关系代词在句中作主语时,从句的谓语动词的人称和数必须和先行词保持一致。
5.由that引导的定语从句中,that可以指人或物,在从句中作主语或谓语动词的宾语,但不能放在介词后面作介词宾语,即介词后只能用w hich,不能用that.如:The book that I bought yesterday was written by Lu Xun.注意:在下面几种情况下必须用that引导定语从句。
(1)先行词是不定代词something, nothing, anything,everything等,如:All that we have to do is to practise English.(2)先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰,如:The first letter that I got from him will be kept in my case .(3)先行词被all, any, every, each, few, little, no, some等修饰,如:I have eaten up all the food that you gave me .(4)先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last修饰时,如:H e is the only person that I want to talk with.(5)先行词既有人又有物时,如:They talk about persons and things that they met .(6)当句中已有who时,为避免重复,如: Who is the man that is giving us the class?6.由when, where, why引导的定语从句,如: I don't know the reason why he was late.This is the place where we have lived for 5 years.I'l l never forget the day when I met Mr Li for the first time.注意:先行词是表示地点时,如果从句的谓语动词是及物的,就用that(which),如果从句的谓语动词是不及物的,就用where引导。
This is the house which /that he has lived in for 15 years.(where he has lived for 15 year.)7、限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句:(1)限制性定语从句是句中不可缺少的组成部分,主句和从句之间不用逗号隔开,引导限制性定语从句的关系代词有:who,whom,whose,which,of which等,这些关系代词都不可省。
(2)非限制性定语从句是对主句先行词的补充说明,没有这种从句,不影响主句意思的完整性,一般用逗号将其与主句隔开,关系代词用which,不用that;指人时可用who.Eg: I have two brothers, who both are both students.8、如何简化定于从句(1)定语从句简化为形容词或形容词短语作后置定语。
Eg:My grandfather lives in a village which is far away from here.→My grandfather lives in a village far away from here.(2)定语从句简化为现在分词或现在分词短语作前置或后置定语。
Eg:The man who is standing under the tree is our English teacher.→The man standing under the tree is our English teacher.I saw the house that was burning(燃烧)at that time.→ I saw the house burning at that time.(3)定语从句简化为过去分词短语作后置定语。
Eg:I like to eat the cakes which ar e made by my mother.→I like to eat the cakes made by my mother.(4)定语从句简化为不定式作后置定语。
Eg:She is always the first person that comes to school .主动→She is always the first person to come to school .The report which will be given tomorrow is very importance for us.被动→The report to be given t omorrow is very importance for us.(5)定语从句简化为what从句。
Eg:I couldn’t remember the words that he said .I couldn’t remember what he said .练习、I单选题1. The silk _______ is made in Hangzhou sells well.A. thatB.whoC. whatD. /2. The man_______today left this message for you.A.calledB.has calledC.whom calledD.who called3. Do you live near the building ______color is yellow?A. thatB.whichC.whoseD. its4. He helped his father on the farm ______they lived.A. whichB.thatC.whenD. where5. I’m one of the boys_____never late for school.A.that isB.who isC.who areD.who am6. All_____should be done has been done.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.whatever7. Jack told me everything _______he knew about it.A. whatB.thatC.whichD.who8. My father works in the factory ______this type of truck is made.A.in whereB.in whichC.from whichD.of which9. The school_______we visited last week was built in 1956.A./B.whereC.thatD.both A and C10. This is one of the best films_______I have ever seen.A.whichB.thatC.of whichD.of that11. In fact the Swede(瑞典人) did not understand the three questions_______were asked in French.A.whereB.whoC.in whichD.which12. He paid the boy $10 for washing ten windows, most of ______ hadn’t been cleaned for at least a year.A.theseB.thoseC.thatD.which13. His parents wouldn’t let him play with anyone ________family was poor.A.of whomB.whomC.of whoseD.whose14. All_______is needed is a wonderful meal.A.the thingB.thatC.whatD.which15. In the dark street ,there wasn’t a single person _____she could turn for help.A.thatB.whoC.from whomD.to whom16. She heard a terrible noise,______brought her heart into her mouth.A.itB.whichC.thisD.that17. -Do you know the man ______is talking with your father?-Y es,he‘s our headmaster.A. heB. whoC. whichD. whom18. Is this the river _____I can swim?A. whichB. in whichC. thatD. the one19. This is the best hotel in the city _____I know.A. whereB. whichC. thatD. it20. Can you lend me the dictionary ______the other day?A. that you boughtB. you bought itC. that you bought itD. which you bought it21. Anyone ______with what I said may put up you hands.A. which agreesB. who agreeC. who agreesD. which agree22. My watch is not the only thing ______ is missing.A. thatB. itC. whichD. who23. The man ______coat is black is waiting at the gateA. who’ sB. whoseC. thatD. of which.24. The girl ______ is reading under the tree _____my sister.A. which; isB. whom; wasC. who; isD. who; was25. I love places ______the people are really friendly.A. thatB. whichC. whereD. who26. The world ______ is made up of matter.A. in that we liveB. on which we liveC. where we live inD. we live inII 用适当的关系词填空:1) I’ll never for get the day on ________ they met for the very first time last summer.2) This is the place _________ he so often mentioned(提及、谈论)to me.3) The only thing ________ interested him was that he could do anything _________ he wanted to.4) “What a scientist! What a wonderful invention!” he talked excitedly about Bill Gates and his Microsoft Comp-any _________ is now a focus (焦点) of newspapers and television.5) He is old, ________ fact is important in this case.6) Finally, the thief handed everything __________ he had stolen.7) W e talked about the things and persons _________ we saw then.8) W ith _________ were you talking?9) This is the very present __________ my mother gave me.10) Which is the bike __________ is made in Shanghai?11) I think this is the most beautiful dress ______ I own.12) Those _______ want to buy the house may sign their names(签名)first.13) My sister, __________ you met in Guangzhou, has bought a new car.14)That’s the way _______ they work.。