13文体与翻译

3. 符合新闻语言特点
多用名词短语，少用从句，体现行文简洁。 省略表达（用，：代替系动词）。 From the age of nine he smoked two for five packs of cigarettes a day. His Brand: Marlboro and Camel. 不遵守时态的一致性。 Paris announced that the General will visit Brazil.
Key word:
/coolant/ coolant 词性及解释
n. 冷却剂 【计】 冷却剂 【化】 冷却剂
Background information:
/question/39153963.html?si=5 2、什么用来做冷却剂? 答：这个问题要看反应堆的类型。 反应堆有多种分类方法，其中一种分类方法就是根据使用的 冷却剂来分的。具体种类包括：水冷堆、气冷堆、有机液冷 堆、液态金属冷堆。 所以，核反应堆的冷却剂可以是：水、空气、有机液、液态 金属。 冷却剂的作用是把核裂变放出的热量传递出来，产生蒸汽驱 动蒸汽轮机。慢化剂的作用是让核裂变产生的中子减速，以 增加中子在反应堆内的滞留时间，降低逃逸率。
2. The successful launching of China’s first experimental communication satellite, which was propelled by a three-stage rocket and has been in operation ever since, indicates that our nation has entered a new stage in the development of carrier rockets and electronics. (分译法）
2. 读懂标题时态语态
Do, Does 表过去 Woman Kills Husband, Self Blaze Destroys Factory To do 表将来 Peking to Fire Test Rocket to South Pacific New Vaccine to Be Probed Done 表被动 Italian Ex-Mayor Murdered Colombian Sent to U.S. for Drug Trial
3.仔细分析长句
The coolant is circulated through the annular spaces between the fuel elements（燃料元件） and the moderator（慢化剂）, absorbing heat as it passes, and the heat so absorbed is conveyed out of the core to the heat exchanger. Very large quantities of heat are generated by fission, and in order that these may be rapidly dissipated, a large volume of coolant is required. It is therefore frequently pressurized, especially where a gaseous coolant is used, to increase its density. A number of different coolants have been employed, including water, carbon dioxide and liquid metals.
III: 新闻文体的翻译
读懂小词新词 读懂标题时态语态 符合新闻语言特点
1. 读懂小词新词
Man Aids Police UN Back Peace Move New Curbs on Immigration 7 Hold for gambling Three Killed in Jet Plunge Gang Leader Nabbed Teachers press for Pay Rise 2 Slain in Family Row (slay)
即学即练
1. The last decade of the 20th century has witnessed a striking development of information industry with the emergence and rapid expansion of the Internet. （倒译法）
(1) 合成法。合成法指将两个或两个以上的词组合成一个新词， 合成法。合成法指将两个或两个以上的词组合成一个新词， 如 heartman，photobotany，hot press，heart burn ， ， ， (2) 拼缀法。科技英语中以这一方法构成的新词最多。 拼缀法。科技英语中以这一方法构成的新词最多。 如antiparticle，antineutron ，antibody；semisynthetic ， autocorrelation 等。 ， ； (3) 混成法。二词各取其中一部分。 混成法。二词各取其中一部分。 如teleprinter+exchange = telex，copy+electron=copytron，biorhythm (biological+ ， ， rhythm) 。 (4) 缩略法。如AC (alternating current)，DC (direct current)，teleran (television 缩略法。 ， ， radar air navigation) 等。 还须注意的是，一种缩略形式，可能是好几个不同词或词组的共同的缩略形， 还须注意的是，一种缩略形式，可能是好几个不同词或词组的共同的缩略形，翻 译时必须依据上下文加以分析。 在不同的语境中， 译时必须依据上下文加以分析。而AC在不同的语境中，则可有多达 个不同的意 在不同的语境中 则可有多达28个不同的意 吸收系数), 适配电缆), 义，如：① absorption coefficient (吸收系数 ② adapter cable (适配电缆 ③ 吸收系数 适配电缆 adjustment calibration (调整 校准 ④ air condenser (空气冷凝器，空气电容器 调整──校准 空气冷凝器， 调整 校准), 空气冷凝器 空气电容器), 空调器), 模拟计算机) 所以， ⑤ air conditioner(空调器 ⑥ analog computer(模拟计算机 等。所以，翻译缩 空调器 模拟计算机 略词一定要搞清它是哪些词或词组的缩写， 略词一定要搞清它是哪些词或词组的缩写，手头有一本英汉科技词典和缩略语大 词典是很有必要的。 词典是很有专业知识 准确理解词义（专业术语及构词法） 仔细分析长句 被动语态的转化
1.了解专业知识
The coolant is circulated through the annular spaces between the fuel elements and the moderator, absorbing heat as it passes, and the heat so absorbed is conveyed out of the core to the heat exchanger. Very large quantities of heat are generated by fission, and in order that these may be rapidly dissipated, a large volume of coolant is required. It is therefore frequently pressurized, especially where a gaseous coolant is used, to increase its density. A number of different coolants have been employed, including water, carbon dioxide and liquid metals.
翻译技巧 翻译与文体 第11课
Main contents
I: 不同文体 II:科技文体的翻译 III:新闻文体的翻译 IV: 综合练习
I: 不同文体
商务文体——商务英语翻译，广泛应用于当代的市场经济各 个行业。尤其旅游、贸易和市场部。 文学文体——文学翻译家。适合于进行深造、不断钻研的学 者。为推广中国文化作贡献。诗词、散文、杂文、四书五经 等。当然，畅销书、自传等翻译较简单。 科技文体——科技英语翻译，需要细化专业。在专业的公司， 科技文体 报刊或其他部门发展。专利发明，科普读物也需要科技翻译。 新闻文体——新闻英语翻译。可以在报社、杂志出版社等部 新闻文体 门发展。当然也需要细化财经、旅游、健康等专项。 医学文体——医学英语翻译。
4. 被动语态的转化
The coolant ①is circulated through the annular spaces between the fuel elements（燃料元件） and the moderator（慢化剂）, absorbing heat as it passes, and the heat ②so absorbed ③is conveyed out of the core to the heat exchanger. Very large quantities of heat ④are generated by fission, and in order that these may ⑤be rapidly dissipated, a large volume of coolant ⑥is required. It is therefore frequently ⑦ pressurized, especially where a gaseous coolant ⑧is used, to increase its density. A number of different coolants ⑨have been employed, including water, carbon dioxide and liquid metals.