高二英语外研版选修六教学案MODULE1SECTION3

[语法初识]

原句感知自主探究①In some countries, for example, you

have to arrive on time at a party; in other countries, you don't need to (不必)．1.①②句中的need为实义动词，③④句中的need为情态动词；

②My American friend Tom spoke good Chinese, so I didn't need to translate(没必要翻译) the speech for him.

③Some hosts expect flowers or a small gift, but in other places, you can take things, but you needn't(不必)if you don't want to.

④I was the first to go there. I needn't have gone (本不必去) there so early. 2.②句中 didn't need to do表示“过去没必要，实际上也没做某事”；④句中needn't have done表示“过去虽然没必要，但已经做了某事”。

[语法剖析]

语法点一need的用法

1．用作实义动词

(1) 有人称和数的变化，其第三人称单数形式为needs，变为否定句或疑问句时要用助动词do/does/did。

(2)后跟名词、代词、不定式或动名词作宾语，当need的主语与need后面的动词之间是被动关系时，need后面接不定式的被动形式或动名词的主动形式。

You don't need to worry about me.

你不必担心我。

The room needs cleaning/to be cleaned, but I only have time on Sunday.

房间需要打扫，但是我只有星期天有空。

2．用作情态动词

(1)need表示“需要”或“必须”，通常用于否定句和疑问句。

You needn't do it again.

你不必再做了。

Need he do his homework first?

他需要先做作业吗？

(2)由must引起的一般疑问句中，否定答语可用needn't, 意为“没必要”。

—Must I do the work now?

—No, you needn't.

——我现在必须做这项工作吗？

——不，你不必。

(3)在need引起的一般疑问句中，肯定回答用must，否定回答用needn't。

—Need I go there too?

—Yes, you must./No, you needn't.

——我也需要去那儿吗？

——是的，你必须去。/不，你不必去。

集中演练1

①—I'm sorry I will be very busy tomorrow.

—If so, you didn't need to come.didn't need to→needn't

②As a result of the serious flood, two thirds of the buildings in the area need repair.repair→repairing/to be repaired

③—Must I hand in the paper before Friday?

—No, you mustn't.mustn't→needn't

④I couldn't use a clock to wake me up every morning because I am always woken up by my mother.

couldn't→needn't

⑤Dr. Smith needed (需要) no payment for his work.

⑥We need to (需要) make sure our plan will be well carried out.

⑦—Must I answer the question?

—No, you needn't (不必)．

⑧You don't need to (不需要) have the bike repaired right away.

⑨The flowers need watering/to be watered (需要浇水) now.

⑩Come on, you needn't worry about (不必担心) it because it's not your fault.

1.didn't need to do表示“过去没必要做某事，实际上也没做”。

You didn't need to buy the book; it was complex to understand.

你不必买那本书；它太复杂了，很难懂。

Mary's boyfriend drove to pick her up, so she didn't need to take a taxi.

玛丽的男朋友开车去接她，因此她没必要打出租车了。

2．needn't have done表示“过去没必要做某事，而实际上做了”。

You needn't have washed those clothes; we have a washing machine to do that sort of thing. 你本不必洗那些衣服的，我们有台洗衣机可以洗衣服。

I needn't have cooked so much food, but I didn't know nobody was hungry.

我本没必要弄那么多吃的，但我当时不知道谁也不饿。

[名师点津] didn't need to do sth.仅仅陈述过去的情形；needn't have done sth.含有惋惜、遗憾、后悔等含义。