＜长句难句精讲精练＞讲义

＜长句难句精讲精练＞讲义

第一部分课程简介：

1、复习句子结构

2、扫除长难句的句子障碍

3、攻克长难句：剖析其结构、总结其特征、推敲其译文

4、实战演练：分析真题

第二部分课程内容：

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2.

一．简单句

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简单句的核心:n.+v. （动词的时态，语态，情态，否定）

Eg: The AAAS displays great enthusiasm for liberal education.

Crying is hardly an activity encouraged by society.

定语的翻译方法：

（一）前置定语——直来直去

their responsibility 他们的责任形容词性物主代词scientific revolution 科技革命，形容词作定语

Driving force 驱动力现在分词作定语

KFC (Kentucky Fried Chicken) 名词，过去分词作定语（二）后置定语

1.简单的后置定语——倒转乾坤

形容词短语： a bottle full of water 形容词+介词+名词

现在分词短语：

the girl riding a bike 现在分词+名词

the wallet lying on the floor 现在分词+介词+名词

the man arguing reading has little effect on our life 现在分词+句子

过去分词短语：

the book published last week 过去分词+名词

some new computer programs designed for home buildings. 过去分词+介词+名词

the law intended to preserve wild life. 过去分词+to do+名词

动词不定式短语：

to do +名词the chance to improve your ability

The power for science to serve mankind

介词短语：the photo on the wall

表语形容词后置：100 people present

修饰不定代词的定语后置：something important

2.复杂的后置定语——一拆为二

当一个单词或是词组的后置定语的意义和结构较为复杂的时候，我们把它倒置放在被修饰的单词或是词组的前面显得过于臃肿，这时我们就要考虑把后置定语拆开单独翻译，这种方法我们称之为：一拆为二

Eg：Some of these causes are completely reasonable results of social needs. Others are reasonable consequences of particular advances in science being to some extent self-accelerating.

3.多重后置定语——后浪推前浪

典型特征：A（中心词）+介词（of）+B+介词（of）+C+….

Eg: the insights of great men of genius

the evidence from experience concerning comparative validity

part of an exchange of duties and entitlements.

真题演练：划出定语，提主干

1.The Spanish case provides arguments both for and against monarchy.

2.Professionals trying to acquire new skills will be able to do so without going into debt.

3.The challenge of coping with automation underlines the need for the U.S. to revive its fading

business dynamism.

4.Sadly, the spirit of inquiry once at home on campus has been replaced by the use of the

humanities and social sciences as vehicles for publicizing "progressive," or left-liberal

propaganda.

1.递进关系：

2.转折关系：

二.并列句

3.因果关系：

4.选择关系：

并列句的构成：多个简单句+并列连词

并列句的省略：相同的成分可以省略，余下的部分保持不变

Eg：l like you，but just like you.

The program keeps track of your progress and provides detailed feedback on your performance and improvement.

Many of the ship were lost in storms, many passengers died of disease, and infants rarely survived the journey.

真题演练：请找到并列连词，并划出并列的部分

1.Technology will improve society in ways big and small over the next few years, yet this will

be little comfort to those who find their lives and careers upended by automation. （2018）

2.The potential of this work applied to healthcare is very great, but it could also lead to further

concentration of power in the tech giants.(2018)

3.Money may not quite buy happiness, but people in wealthier countries are generally happier

than those in poor ones. Yet the link between feeling good and spending money on others can be seen among rich and poor people around the world, and scarcity enhances the pleasure of most things for most people.(2014)

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