英语写作语言二

4 there be 结构
•
There has been an increasing awareness of the inadequacies of our judicial system.
5. it is 结构
• However, it is generally accepted among psychologists that most of us fail to do justice to ourselves. • It’s commonly held that the competitive ethic can be taught in sports.
• 不同的人对退休持有不同的态度。 • Attitude towards retirement vary from person to person. • 我永远不会忘记这个教训。 • The lesson will be rooted in my memory forever.
二 词的效果
• 用词不仅要注意变化，避免不必要的重复，还要 注意词所产生的语言效果，即用词要具体、准确 、生动，要能给人以强烈的感染力和艺术效果。 要做到这点要注意：
1a When Pope Paul VI gave her an expensive car that he had used during a visit to Calcutta in 1964, she sold it– without ever stepping inside– used the money to build a clinic in West Bengal. 1b. When Pope Paul VI gave her the Lincoln Continental limousine he had used during a visit to Calcutta in 1964, she sold it– without ever stepping inside– used the proceeds to start a leper colony in West Bengal.


3 一般名词
• After a hundred yards or so I tried to speak, to offer some great words of wisdom and motivation, but my words and my breath failed. • Somewhat our path took us toward the park and across a footbridge. • The thick carpet on the corridor killed the sound of my footsteps. • To most housewives, a shopping trip often serves as an escape from housework as well as a relief from boredom. • Within days, panic buying emptied store shelves.
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Years later, financial difficulty forced my high school to close its doors for good. An evening with him was an evening spent in listening to a monologue. The slightest hint of disagreement, from anyone, on the most trivial point, was enough to set him off on harangue that might last for hours.
5a) You can’t tone up your body by pulling on your gym shoes and jogging around the block a couple of times anymore. Why? Because you’ll be laughed off the street by the “serious” runners – the ones who run twenty miles or more a week in their sixty-dollar running suits and fancy shoes. The runners aren't ’t nearly so snobbish as the dancers, however. 5b) You can’t tone up your body by pulling on your sneakers and slogging around the block a couple of times anymore. Why? Because you’ll be laughed off the street by the “serious” runners – the ones who log twenty miles or more a week in their sixty-dollar running suits and fancy shoes. The runners aren't ’t nearly so snobbish as the dance freaks, however.
• 2a. At 50 yards he fell, and I helped him to his feet……He looked like he was going to cry, and said that he wanted to run with the others. • 2b. At 50 yards he stumbled and fell, and I helped him to his feet……He began to get teary-eyed and stammered that he hadn't even tired yet.
1 具体词的运用 2 感官词的运用
1 具体词的运用
什么是具体词和笼统词？试比较以下两组词汇。
• 几乎所有事物和概念都可以进行不同程度的分类，从最笼 统至最具体。笼统词抽象、外延广、弹性大，但容易流于 空洞，适合于文章的开头和结尾等概括性部分。具体词针 对性强、确切、富有个性，适于段落中细节的刻画、论点 的阐述以及事物的描写。如果一个人在行进，你可以笼统 地说“He is moving”，具体一点“He is running”，再具 体一点“He is jogging”。
英语写作语言特点 (二)
Content
非人称表达 词的效果
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一
非人称表达
汉语思维往往从自我出发来叙述事物，因此 在句子开头成分上往往是“人”，如我、 他 、小李。以人称或有生命的物体来 展开 话题讨论。 英语比较重视客体思维，用无生命的词语作 主语。
3a. My father died from the “the poor man’s friend”, pneumonia, one hard winter when his usual lung troubles had left him low. 4a. My father died from the “the poor man’s friend”, pneumonia, one hard winter when his bronchitis and emphysema had left him low.
2 物主代词+抽象名词
His weariness and increasing heat determined him to sit down in the first convenient shade. Deng’s good health and bouncing energy is a source of happiness to people across the land.
4a. She had straight A’s and scholarship offers from some of the most prestigious universities in the country. 4b. She had straight A’s and scholarship offers from some of Stanford and Cornell.


Public awareness of the environment has created a surge of interest in home gardening.
My delight knew no bounds when I learned that I had pass the entrance examinations. Because of their intelligence and refusal to conform to society’s and intellectual values, many are deprived of a chance to learn adequate social skills and acquire good communication tools.
• It is widely believed that there is a fear in the minds of most people today. They are afraid of the future.
• It is a common misconception that if a person is gifted, wonderful ideas will flash spontaneously into mind. • It never occurred to him that he and his doing were not of the most intense and fascinating interest to anyone with whom he came in contact.
6 时地名词 • The twenty years between 1970 and 1990 witnessed what might be called the industrial revolution in the home. • The first decade in space saw accomplishments in science and technology which affected our concept of the entire universe.
物称主语或非人称主语是英语的一个表达习惯。
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
抽象名词 物主代词+抽象名词 一般名词 there be 结构 it is 结构 时地名词
1 抽象名词
Withdrawal from employment to complete domesticity is far less threatening experience for a woman than for a man. Reluctance among men to retire was associated with anticipated deprivations, mainly of money rather than of attachment. Shortness of time has required the omission of some places of natural beauty and of historical interest. These realizations do not dawn until my mid-life.