连铸结晶器总成(英)

结晶器(mould)承接从中间罐注入的钢水并使之按规定断面形状凝固成坚固坯壳的连续铸钢设备。

它是连铸机最关键的部件，其结构、材质和性能参数对铸坯质量和铸机生产能力起着决定性作用。

开浇时引锭杆头部即是结晶器的活动内底，钢水注入结晶器逐渐冷凝成一定厚度坯壳并被连续拉出，此时，结晶器内壁承受着高温钢水的静压力及与坯壳相对运动的摩擦力等产生的机械应力和热应力的综合作用，其工作条件极为恶劣。

为了能获得合格的铸坯，结晶器应满足的基本条件有：(1)具有良好的导热性，以使钢水快速冷凝成形。

(2)有良好的耐磨性，以延长结晶器的寿命，减少维修工作量和更换结晶器的时间，提高连铸机的作业率。

(3)有足够的刚度，特别在激冷激热、温度梯度大的情况下需有小的变形。

(4)结构简单、紧凑，易于制造，拆装方便、调整容易，冷却水路能自行接通、以便于快速更换；自重小，以减小结晶器振动时的惯性力和减少振动装臵的驱动功率，并使结晶器振动平稳。

Can take from the middle of the molten steel into the required section and shape into a solid billet solidification of continuous casting equipment shells. Continuous casting machine which is the most critical components, its structure, texture and performance parameters on the quality and slab caster plays a decisive role in production capacity. When open pouring dummy bar head mold that is at the end of the activities, of molten steel into the mold gradually condensed into a certain thickness and continuous billet shell out, at this time, mold wall temperature under the static pressure of molten steel and billet shell, such as the relative movement of the friction generated by mechanical stress and thermal stress of the combined effects, the extremely bad working conditions. In order to obtain qualified casting, mold should be to meet the basic conditions are: (1) has a good thermal conductivity to enable rapid condensation forming molten steel. (2) good wear resistance to extend the life of mold to reduce the workload of maintenance and replacement of the time mold and improve the operating rate of continuous casting machine. (3) have sufficient rigidity, especially in the cold shock-induced heat, large temperature gradient would be required under a small deformation. (4) structure is simple, compact, easy to manufacture, easy disassembly, easy adjustment, cooling water can be connected to in order to facilitate the rapid replacement; self-small, to reduce vibration at the time of mold and reduce the vibration of the inertial force of the drive power devices and a smooth mold vibration.分类按拉坯方向上断面内壁的线型分结晶器的型式有弧形和直形两种；按其总体结构，不论弧形或直形均有套管式和组合式两种。

套管式内壁铜管、内外水套组成的冷却水套和足辊是它的主要构件(图1)。

直形或弧形的铜管外面由冷却水套、法兰和密封元件等组成供水、供油系统。

为了保证铸坯有规整的外形尺寸，在结晶器底部安装了2～3组足辊，以利于提高拉速和防止铸坯脱方(见鼓肚与菱变)。

Classified according to the casting direction of the wall section sub-linear type mold has two arc-shaped and straight; its overall structure, whether curved or straight shape are two types of casing and modular.Brass pipe wall, composed of both inside and outside the water jacket cooling water jacket and the foot roller is its main components (Figure 1). Straight or curved-shaped brass sets of cooling water from the outside, and sealing flange composed of components such as water supply, fuel supply system. In order to ensure there is regular slab shape size, in the mold is installed at the bottom of Group 2 to 3 foot rollers, in order to improve speed and prevent the slab from side (see bulge with the Link change).图l 弧形套管式结晶器1一结晶器罩；2一内水套；3一润滑油盖；4一内壁铜管5一放射源容器；6一盖板；7一外水套；8一进水管；9一回水管；10一接收装臵；l l一水环；12一足辊；13一定位销Figure l-type arc-shaped mold casing1Cover a mold;2 cover mold in a water jacket; 3 covered a lubricant; 4 a 5 a brass wall containers of radioactive sources; 6 a plate; 7 a set of external water; 8 one inlet; 9 a backwater tube; 10 of a receiver; ll the water ring; 12 a foot roller; 13 of a pin组合式由宽面及窄面4块复合壁板及外框架组成。

多用于板坯连铸、大断面方坯连铸及异型坯连铸。

组合结晶器的每块复合壁板又由用螺柱联结的内壁铜板(外侧面铣有冷却水沟)和外壁钢制水箱组成。

内壁铜板和外壁间构成冷却水缝，以通水冷却。

4块复合壁之间用夹紧机构压紧。

为了实现结晶器在线调宽以及形成所要求的倒锥度，在结晶器的窄面壁板的上、下部分别装有4组调整装臵。

当组装好的结晶器及外框架放到振动台架上时，所有进、出水管自行接通。

为了更好地保护结晶器的下口、防止过早过快产生大的磨损，紧挨着结晶器下口装有足辊或保护栅板。

足辊或保护栅板与结晶器一起振动。

结晶器与二冷第一段(直线段或扇形段)通过振动框架直接对中，便于结晶器与二冷第一段的准确定位。

二者形成一个整体，可快速吊运。

结构参数和尺寸设计结晶器的结构参数主要有断面尺寸、倒锥度、长度、水缝面积及铜壁的厚度等。

Combined by the wide face and narrow face wall, and four outside the framework of composite components. Used for slab continuous casting, the billet cross-section beam blank continuous casting and continuous casting. Combination of each mold compound wall and connected by a stud wall with copper (cool-down outer side of milling ditch) and the outer wall composed of steel water tanks. Copper and the outer wall of cooling water constitute intramural suture to the cooling water. 4 composite wall pressed between the clamping body. In order to achieve crystal-line-width-modulated, as well as the formation of the required taper down in the narrow mold of the board facing the wall, respectively, with the lower part of the adjustment device 4. When the assembled mold and placed outside the framework of the vibration bench, all import and outlet pipe to connect. In order to better protect the mouth of the mold to prevent the premature excessive wear and tear have a big, close to the mouth of the mold with adequate grid roller or protection. Roller or the protection of adequate grid plate and mold together with the vibration. Mold in the first paragraph with the secondary cooling (fan-shaped line segment or above) directly through the vibration of the framework to facilitate mold and cold in the first paragraph of the second positioning accuracy. They form a whole, can be quickly lifted.Design parameters and size structure of crystal structure parameters are mainly cross-section size, inverted taper, length, area of water and copper seam thickness of the walls.图2板坯组合式结晶器1～窄面调整机构；2一窄面铜板}3一外框架；4一水管；5一宽面调整机构；6一宽面铜板；7、8一足辊Figure 2 mold composite slab1 adjustment of narrow body; 2, a narrow face of a copper outside the framework) 3; 4, a water pipe; 5-wide adjustment of institutions; 6-wide copper surface; 7,8 a full roll断面尺寸依据冷态铸坯的公称尺寸确定。