2020高考英语易错语法点专题九 定语从句(解析版)
高考英语一轮总复习专题九定语从句学案(含解析)新人教版
专题九定语从句考点精讲考点一关系词的用法关系词被修饰的先行词关系词在从句中充当的成分who 指人的词主语、宾语、表语whom 指人的词宾语whose 指人或物的词定语that 指人或物的词主语、宾语、表语which 指物的词或整个主句主语、宾语、表语as 指人或物的词或整个主句主语、宾语、表语when 表示时间的名词时间状语where 表示地点的名词地点状语why 表示原因的名词reason 原因状语有些在语言学习上很有成就的人,在其他领域常常一无所成。
I have many friends to whom I'm going to send postcards.我有很多朋友,我打算寄明信片给他们。
Children who are not active or whose diet is high in fat will gain weight quickly.很少进行体育锻炼或饮食富含脂肪的孩子体重会增加很快。
He will tell you everything that he heard about it.他将告诉你他所听到的关于这件事的一切。
This is the factory(which/that)we visited last year.这就是我们去年参观的那家工厂。
As we know,smoking is harmful to one's health.众所周知,吸烟有害健康。
There are occasions when(=on which)one must yield.任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。
Beijing is the place where(=in which) I was born.北京是我的出生地。
Is this the reason why(=for which)he refused our offer?这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗?特别提示: whose指人或物,作定语。
高考英语语法填空改错专题训练9含答案
语法专项提升专题九Ⅰ.单句语法填空1.In his report, the official showed special concern over the increasing crime rate, which was a symptom of society's moral decline.解析句意:在这位官员的报告中,他特别关注犯罪率的增长,这是社会道德下降的征兆。
这是一个非限制性定语从句,which指代上句的the increasing crime rate。
2.A housing bubble is an economic situation which/that occurs when house prices rise much too fast.解析句意:房地产泡沫是一种经济形势,这种经济形势在房价上升太快的时候就会产生。
引导词代替先行词situation,并在从句中作主语。
3.We will put off the picnic in the park until next week, when the weather may be better.解析句意:我们将把在公园的野餐推迟到下周,届时天气可能会更好。
先行词为next week,将先行词代入定语从句后为:The weather may be better next week.由此可见,先行词在定语从句中作时间状语。
4.I'm told that is a free website where learners can not just learn various languages but also chat online.解析句意:有人告诉我是一个免费网站,在网站里学习者不仅可以学习各种语言,还可以在线聊天。
先行词website可以被看作是一个表示地点的名词,此处用where引导定语从句,引导词在从句中作地点状语。
2020近5年高考全国卷真题语法专项-定语从句(详解与真题)
2020近5年高考全国卷真题语法专项-定语从句(详解与真题)考查形式:语法填空和短文改错;其次阅读理解和完型填空中长难句的分析等1考点聚焦功能:相当于形容词,修饰名词或代词,在句中作定语位置:定语从句置于被修饰词之后例如:He is the man who studies in USA.本句中涉及到三个概念:1.先行词即 the man:被定语从句饰的词称为先行词先行词一般是名词和不定代词,如:some-, any-, every-和no与-boy, -thing 的合成词;或all、none、any、some、that、those等代词。
数词也可以作先行词,人称代词也同样可作先行词。
2. 引导词即who:起连接的作用引导词分两类:关系代词和关系副词关系代词:who;which;that;whose;whom关系副词:when;where;why3.从句即studies in USA.:引导词之后的句子。
2考点精讲1. 关系代词: who;which; that; whom; whose其中关系代词who;which;that;whom用于后面的从句缺主语或宾语的情况(1) who:指代先行词是人(可做从句的主语或宾语)She is the girl who I teach in China.(从句缺宾语)That is the man who teaches us English.(从句缺主语)(2) which:指代先行词是物(做从句的主语或宾语)That is the book which I want.(从句缺宾语)There is a bird which stands in the building.(从句缺主语)(3) that: 指代先行词是人或物(做从句的主语或宾语)She is the girl who/that I teach in China.(从句缺宾语)There is a bird which/that stands in the building.(从句缺主语)(4) whom;指代先行词是人,但只用于从句是缺宾语的情况。
高考英语考试易错题定语从句解析版
专题10 定语从句备战2023高考英语考试易错题(新高考专用)(解析版)一易错题类型【易错题01】语法填空中关系词的误用1.【2022新高考I卷】The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species ___45___ live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area.【答案】that【错误分析】长难句中无法判断定语从句,导致误用别的各类连词;that与which的区别不清。
【解题思路】考查定语从句关系词。
句意:该计划旨在为生活在Giant Panda Range的所有物种提供更有力的保护,并显著改善该地区的生态系统健康。
设空处为关系词引导限制性定语从句,设空处在从句中作指物的主语,先行词为species,且先行词前为all修饰,只能用关系代词that。
故填that。
2.【2022全国甲卷】On the 1,100. Kilometer journey, the man Cao Shengkang, ___62___ lost his eyesight at the age of eight in a car accident, crossed 40 cities and counties in three province.【答案】who【错误分析】不看意思,只凭借空格前有逗号,逗号后用which的错误经验主义。
【解题思路】考查非限制性定语从句。
在1100公里的旅程中,8岁时因一次车祸失明的男子曹盛康穿过了三个省的40个城市和县。
此处是非限定性定语从句,先行词为Cao Shengkang,指人,在从句中作主语。
故填who。
3.【2021新课标II卷】I decided that if I learned of a company___________ used a lot of plastic, I'd send it an email urging it to cut back.【答案】that/which【错误分析】只看先行词表地点,而没有注重关系词在从句中的句子成分。
2020年高考英语易错题集锦定语从句
一、单项选择(题型注释)1.Our special thanks go to thousands of volunteers, without tireless work, none of this would be possible .A. whoseB. whichC. whomD. that【答案】A【解析】试题分析:句意:非常感激成千上万的志愿者们,没有他们不知疲倦的工作,这些都是不可能实现的。
整个句中有两个主语,两个谓语,句子必须要有连接词。
whose 谁的,在定语从句中做定语修饰主语或是宾语。
故选A.考点:非限制性定语从句点评:本题有难度,对于定语从句的题,必须先判断句子中是否缺主宾表,如果缺则用which ,that 等关系代词,如不缺则用关系副词作状语,如果修饰主语,则用whose 来修饰。
定语从句学生应在平时掌握三个问题:一是先行词的判定;二是引导词;三是引导词在从句中成分问题。
解题时要注意比较选项的差异,仔细作答。
2.Chang' e-2 did many experiments, _ I think are of much help for knowingspace.A. whichB. whatC. whenD. where 【答案】A【解析】试题分析:考查定语从句。
“嫦娥二号”做了许多试验,我认为这些试验对人们了解太空很有帮助。
I think 是插入语,可忽略,定语从句缺少主语,排除C、D;what 不引导定语从句。
故选A。
考点:考查定语从句3.It was in the remote mountain areas I spent the gap year Ilearned how to work with a group of strangers and how to look after myself.A. where; thatB. when; thatC. where; whenD. that; where 【答案】A【解析】试题分析:考查强调句型和定语从句。
专题09-定语从句(解析版)-备战2022年新高考英语一轮复习考点一遍过
考点09 定语从句(解析版)【命题趋势】考生在定语从句的学习过程中存在着以下几个问题:(1)考生不能区分定语从句;(2)关系代词与关系副词的选择混乱,不清楚关系代词与关系副词的使用情况;(3)习惯性以翻译的方式来理解定语从句、同位语从句,而使自己陷入困境之中;(4)由于对句型结构分析不到位,经常出现代词与关系代词错用的情况。
【重要考向】一、关系代词引导的定语从句;二、关系副词引导的定语从句;三、“介词+which/whom”引导的定语从句;四、as引导的定语从句;考向一【2021浙江卷语法填空】BMI is an internationally recognized measurement tool ______gives an indication of whether someone is a healthy weight.【参考答案】that / which 考查定语从句/关系代词。
根据句意和句子结构可知,此处缺少引导定语从句并在定语从句中作主语的关系代词,而先行词tool为物,故此处填关系代词that或which。
引导定语从句的关系代词有:that, which, who, whom, whose, as等,关系代词可作主语、宾语、定语等。
1.who, whom, that这些词代替的先行词是表示人的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等。
I've become good friends with several of the students in my school who I met in the English speech contest lastyear.我已与去年在英语演讲比赛中遇到的我校的几个学生成为了好朋友。
2.whose既可指人又可指物,在定语从句中作定语。
指物时,“whose+名词”可用“the+名词+of which”或“of which+the+名词”来代替。
专题09 定语从句-备战2022年高考英语考试易错题 (教师版含解析)
专题09 定语从句易错题【01】先行词为有地点含义的抽象名词易错题【02】关系代词who、whom、whose的误用易错题【03】关系代词that和which的误用01先行词为有地点含义的抽象名词(2020·新课标I卷,语法填空,1.5分)Because the moon’s body blocks direct radio communication with a probe, China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot ___63___ it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth.【警示】本题容易出错的主要原因是不清楚什么时候用关系副词引导定语从句。
【问诊】句意:中国首先必须把一颗人造卫星送入月球轨道上的一个点,人造卫星可以在这个点向航天器和地球发射信号。
分析句子可知,空处引导一个定语从句,先行词是a spot,关系词替代先行词在从句中作地点状语,应用where引导。
【答案】where【叮嘱】先行词为有地点含义的抽象名词point,position,situation, stage, state, case, scene 等后也常用where引导定语从句。
He said if we ever got to the point where we needed to use life jackets, he would have already died of terror.他说假定我们真的到了需要用救生衣的地步,他早就吓死了。
1.【2019·江苏卷】We have entered into an age _____ dreams have the best chance of coming true.A. whichB. whatC. whenD. that【答案】C【解析】考查定语从句。
高考英语定语从句易错知识点
高考英语定语从句易错知识点知识梳理1. 定语从句的概念定语从句(也称形容词性从句),一个句子跟在一个名词或代词(先行词)后进行修饰限定,就叫做定语从句。
2. 定语从句的关系词易错知识点1. 混淆that 和which 的用法that 和which 都是关系代词,在句中可做主语、宾语、表语。
一般来说,当先行词是物的时候,两者都可以用,但并不是都通用。
要注意一些只能用that 或者只能用which的特殊情况。
1.1 易错例题1This is the very book________I've looked everywhere for.A. thatB. asC. whatD. which【陷阱】误选D。
认为A/D都正确。
【分析】最佳答案A。
本句是定语从句,先行词为the very book,切忌看到物就直接选which,要注意这里book前面有the very 修饰,关系词只能用that。
【点拨】只能用that的情况有:☆当先行词为:all,little,few,much,none 及some-,any-,no-,every-与thing 所组成的复合单词时,只能用that。
如:There is nothing that will stop us making progress.没有事情会阻止我们进步。
☆当先行词前面有only,some,any,no,every,little,few,much,all,very 等形容词修饰时,只能用that。
如:This is the only problem that we can't work out.这是我们不能解决的唯一的一个问题。
☆当先行词由形容词的最高级或序数词修饰时,只能用that。
如:This is the most interesting book that I have ever read. 这是我读过的最有趣的书。
☆当先行词同时包括人和物时,只能用that。
高中英语定语从句语法易错点整理及解析
高中英语定语从句语法易错点整理及解析定语从句引导定语从句的关系代词有that,which,who(宾格whom),所有格whose)和关系副词where when why等,关系代词或关系副词在定语从句中充当一个成分,关系代词that,which,who,whom 等在从句中分别作主语或宾语,whose在从句中作定语,而关系副词when,where,why等在从句中作状语。
例如:① I will never forget the days when/in which we worked together.② I will never forget the days which/that we spent together.解析在句①中,表示时间的名词the days在从句中充当的是状语,所以用关系副词when来代指,引导定语从句修饰先行词the days;而在句②中,表示时间的名词the days在从句中充当的是动词spent的宾语,所以用关系代词that或which来代指。
同样,表示地点或原因的名词如果在从句中作状语,则用关系副词where或why来代指;如果在从句中作动词的宾语,则用which 或that来代替。
例如:① This is the factory where/in which I worked.(作状语)② This is the factory that/which I visited years ago.(作宾语)注:当先行词为time,reason,place时,引导词可以省略。
例如:① This was the first(when/what)I had serious trouble with my boss.② That is the reason(why)I did it.③This is the place(where)we met yesterday.另外,定语从句中谓语动词数应与先行词数一致。
专题 09定语从句(教师卷)--十年(2015-2024)高考真题英语分项汇编(全国通用)
专题09定语从句2024年1.【2024新课标Ⅰ卷】Glasshouse stands____63____a great achievement in contemporary design,to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing(追溯)the steps along the Silk Route ____64____brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the_____65_____(rich) of gardening in England.63.【答案】as【解析】考查介词。
句意:Mark Woodruff补充说:“这是当代设计的最高成就,在丝绸之路的尽头,中国亚热带西南部的植物群从温带的欧洲穿过山脉、干旱的土地和高山牧场,这些植物从亚洲的原生栖息地带到英国,定义了英国园艺的丰富和荣耀。
”根据句意可知,空处指的是“作为”,应用介词as。
故填as。
64.【答案】which/that【解析】考查定语从句。
句意:Mark Woodruff补充说:“这是当代设计的最高成就,在丝绸之路的尽头,中国亚热带西南部的植物群从温带的欧洲穿过山脉、干旱的土地和高山牧场,这些植物从亚洲的原生栖息地带到英国,定义了英国园艺的丰富和荣耀。
”空处引导限制性定语从句,修饰先行词design,先行词指物,关系词在定语从句中作主语,用关系代词which或that引导从句。
故填which/that。
65.【答案】richness【解析】考查名词。
句意:Mark Woodruff补充说:“这是当代设计的最高成就,在丝绸之路的尽头,中国亚热带西南部的植物群从温带的欧洲穿过山脉、干旱的土地和高山牧场,这些植物从亚洲的原生栖息地带到英国,定义了英国园艺的丰富和荣耀。
十年(2014-2023)高考真题英语分项汇编:专题 09 定语从句(解析版) (全国通用)
专题09 定语从句养成良好的答题习惯,是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。
做题前,要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项,并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时,切忌跟着感觉走,最好按照题目序号来做,不会的或存在疑问的,要做好标记,要善于发现,找到题目的题眼所在,规范答题,书写工整;答题完毕时,要认真检查,查漏补缺,纠正错误。
总之,在最后的复习阶段,学生们不要加大练习量。
在这个时候,学生要尽快找到适合自己的答题方式,最重要的是以平常心去面对考试。
英语最后的复习要树立信心,考试的时候遇到难题要想“别人也难”,遇到容易的则要想“细心审题”。
越到最后,考生越要回归基础,单词最好再梳理一遍,这样有利于提高阅读理解的效率。
另附高考复习方法和考前30天冲刺复习方法。
2023年1.【2023年全国乙卷】But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place ____43____ welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life, with 21st-century architectural ____44____ (wonder) standing side by side with historical buildings of the past.s【43题详解】考查定语从句。
句意:但是,除了古建筑,北京也是一个欢迎现代生活快节奏发展的地方,21世纪的建筑奇迹与过去的历史建筑并存。
这里为定语从句的关系代词,先行词为“a place”,在定语从句中担当主语,所以用关系代词which或that引导。
故填which/that。
【44题详解】考查名词。
句意:但是,除了古建筑,北京也是一个欢迎现代生活快节奏发展的地方,21世纪的建筑奇迹与过去的历史建筑并存。
分析句子成分可知,空处为名词形式;根据下文的“historical buildings of the past”可知,空处为名词的复数形式。
高考必考语法精讲精练专题九:定语从句(含解析)
高考必考语法精讲精练语法专题九:定语从句定语从句是比较重要的语法项目。
《2020年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试大纲》附录语法项目表中将定语从句列为必考项。
全国卷新课标Ⅰ对定语从句的考查一般在语法填空和短文改错中,主要考查定语从句引导词的用法。
2020年高考全国卷Ⅰ第64题(语法填空)考查了定语从句引导词that/which。
2020年高考全国卷Ⅰ第65题(语法填空)考查了定语从句的引导词when。
2020年高考全国卷Ⅰ第70题(语法填空)考查了定语从句的引导词which。
基本概念:定语从句:在复合句中修饰名词或代词、充当定语的句子叫定语从句。
因其功能相当于形容词,所以又称为形容词性从句。
先行词:被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词。
关系词:引导定语从句的词,也叫引导词。
分为关系代词(who,whom,that,which,whose ,as)和关系副词(where,when,why)。
关系词要在定语从句中作某个成分,如主语、宾语、状语等。
限制性定语从句:对先行词起修饰限定作用的定语从句。
非限制性定语从句:对先行词或主句起补充说明作用的定语从句,通常引导词和先行词之间用逗号隔开。
关系词及其意义:关系代词和关系副词功能有三个:①用来引导定语从句,在先行词和定语从句之间起纽带作用,使二者联系起来。
②关系代词和关系副词可作定语从句的一个成分。
关系代词可作主语、宾语、定语;关系副词可作状语。
③关系代词和关系副词在从句中代替在他前面的先行词。
一、关系代词引导的定语从句1.who 指人,在定语从句中作主语。
①The boys who are playing football are from Class One.②Yesterday I helped an old man who had lost his way.③ That is the teacher who teaches us physics.2.whom 指人,在定语从句中做宾语,常可省略。
专题九 定语从句与名词性从句
专题四定语从句和名词性从句考点一定语从句一.限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别限制性定语从句对先行词起限定修饰作用;非限制性定语从句对先行词起补充说明作用。
在非限制性定语从句中,先行词与定语从句往往由都好隔开。
非限制性定语从句相当于并列句、状语从句等。
如:He has two sons, who work in the same company. 他有两个儿子,他们在同一家公司上班。
(他只有两个儿子)He has two sons who work in the same company. 他有两个儿子,在同一家公司上班。
(他可能不止一个儿子)二.关系代词的用法1.先行词指人,先行词在定语从句中做主语,需用who/ that引导,且不能省略。
She is the girl who/ that lives next door.2.先行词指人且在定语从句中做宾语,用whom/ who/ that引导,且可以省略。
That’s the girl (who/ whom/ that) I teach.3..先行词指物,先行词在定语从句中做主语,需要用which/ that引导,且不可以省略The work which/ that has just been finished is very important.4.先行词指物,且在定语从句中做宾语,用which/ that引导,且可以省略。
That is the book (which/ that) I want to read.5.先行词指人或物且在定语从句中做定语,用whose/ of which/ of whom引导。
This is the scientist whose achievements are well known.This is the scientist, the achievements of whom are well known.This is the scientist , of whom the achievements are well known.这就是那位成绩卓越的科学家。
2020高考英语易错语法点专题09 定语从句(解析版)
高考语法复习9定语从句【走进高考】1.(2019·全国卷II,62) Now Irene Astbury works from 9 am to 5 pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield,_____she opened with her late husband Les.答案which【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。
句意:现在艾琳·阿斯特伯里每天上午9点到下午5点在麦克莱斯菲尔德的宠物店工作,她和她已故的丈夫莱斯一起开业。
句中先行词为Macclesfield,在从句中作宾语,故用which 。
2.(2019·全国卷III)In the cafe,customers will enjoy themselves in the historical environment_______is created for them.答案that/which【解析】考查定语从句。
句意:在咖啡馆里,顾客将享受为他们创造的历史环境。
句中先行词为environment,在从句中作主语,故用that/which。
3.(2019 江苏卷,21 )We have entered into an age _______ dreams have the best chance of coming true.答案when【解析】考查定语从句。
句意:句中先行词为age,在从句中作状语,故用when 。
4.(2019·天津卷,11)Their child is at the stage______ she can say individual words but not full sentences.答案where【解析】考查定语从句。
句意:句中先行词为stage,在从句中作状语,故用where 。
5.(2019·新课标III卷)They were well trained by their masters __ ___ had great experience with caring for these animals.答案who【解析】考查定语从句。
高中英语定语从句详解及习题精炼附答案
定语从句一、知识框架二、知识梳理一)定义(1) 定语从句:在主从复合句中用作定语的从句叫定语从句。
定语从句一般紧接在先行词后面。
(2) 先行词:被定语从句修饰的成份。
先行词可以为一个词,短语,或整个主句。
(3) 关系词:引导定语从句的词叫关系词,分为关系代词和关系副词。
关系词的作用:1) 引导定语从句,连接主句和从句,相当于一个连词;2) 必在从句中作某个句子成份(可以做主语,宾语,表语,定语,状语)关系代词(在从句中作主语,宾语,表语,宾补,定语): that、which、who、whom、whose、as关系副词(在从句中只作状语): when、why、where二)关系代词的用法在定语从句中关系代词起着连接主句与从句、指代先行词和在从句中作句子成分的三重作用。
关系代1. 关系代词who, whom和that的用法三者都可用于指代人,但在用法上存在差别。
who和whomwho可以代替人(即它的先行词必须是人),在从句中可以担任主语,往往也可以代替在从句中担任宾格的whom(常可省略)。
但它的前面不能有介词,如果带介词则必须用宾格whom,即“介词+whom”。
Johnny is a person who always has novel ideas.The girl who won the first prize is from Zhejiang.The person who/whom you just talked to is Mr Depp.= The person to whom you just talked is Mr Depp.We’ll go to the hospital to see the patients, most of whom are children.who和that在定语从句中who和that指代人时常可以通用,但在下列情况中只能用who,而不能用that。
(1)先行词是one, ones和anyone时,宜用who。
2020_2021学年高三英语纠错笔记定语从句pdf
2020-2021年新高三英语纠错笔记《定语从句》1. A man with a bleeding hand hurried in and asked, "Is there a hospital around ______ I can get some medicine for my wounded hand?"A. thatB. whichC. whereD. what【错因分析】容易误选B,认为around是介词,选which用以代替前面的名词hospital,在此用作介词around的宾语。
【试题解析】以上语法分析并不算错,但问题是,照此分析,此句的意思即为:有没有这样一个医院,我在它的附近可以买药治我的手伤?这样的语境显然有点不合情理,因为人们通常是在医院里面治伤,而不是在医院附近治伤。
句中的around不是介词,而是副词,意为"在附近";其后的where引导定语从句用以修饰其前的地点名词hospital,where在定语从句中作状语。
句意:附近有没有一家医院,我可以去治我的手伤?【参考答案】C2. She says that she’ll never forget the time ________ she’s spent working as a secretary in our company.A. whichB. whenC. howD. where【错因分析】容易误选B,机械地认为时间名词后必须用关系副词when,地点名词后用关系副词where。
【试题解析】在时间名词和地点名词后是否用关系副词要看它在定语从句中充当什么句子成分。
一般说来,若用作主语或宾语,用关系代词;若用作状语,则用关系副词。
该题中的动词spent缺宾语,故应用关系代词which或that。
【参考答案】A1.定语从句相当于一个形容词,起定词作用,修饰名词或代词[来源。
2.定语从句的引导词的三种功用:( 1)引导定语从句(2)替代先行词(3)在定语从句中充当一定的成分。
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2020高考英语易错语法点专题九定语从句(解析版)1.(2019·全国卷II,62) Now Irene Astbury works from 9 am to 5 pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield,_____she opened with her late husband Les.2.(2019·全国卷III)In the cafe,customers will enjoy themselves in the historical environment_______is created for them.3.(2019 江苏卷,21 )We have entered into an age _______ dreams have the best chance of coming true.4.(2019·天津卷,11)Their child is at the stage______ she can say individual words but not full sentences.5.(2019·新课标III卷)They were well trained by their masters __ ___ had great experience with caring for these animals.6. (2019·北京卷)The students befitting most from college are those ___ ___ are totally engaged(参与)in academic life.7.【2018·北京】She and her family bicycle to work, _________ helps them keep fit.A. whichB. whoC. asD. that8.【2018·天津】Kate, ________sister I shared a room with when we were at college, has gone to work in Australia.A. whomB. thatC. whoseD. her9.【2018·江苏】Self-driving is an area _______ China and the rest of the world are on the same starting line.A. thatB. whereC. whichD. when10.【2017·北京】The little problems ______ we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions.A. thatB. asC. whereD. when11.【2017·江苏】In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Programme, one of ______ purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation.A. whichB. it’sC. whoseD. whom12.【2017·天津】My eldest son, _______ work takes him all over the world, is in New York at the moment.A. thatB. whoseC. hisD. who13.【2016·北京】I live next door to a couple ________ children often make a lot of noise.A. whoseB. whyC. whereD. which14.【2016·江苏】Many young people, most ______were well-educated, headed for remote regions to chase their dreams.A. of whichB. of themC. of whomD. of those15.【2016·浙江】Scientists have advanced many theories about why human beings cry tears , none of ______ hasbeen proved.A. whomB. whichC. whatD. that16.【2016·天津】We will put off the picnic in the park until next week, ______ the weather may be better.A. thatB. whereC. whichD. when【语法精讲】关系代词引导的定语从句◆她和她的家人骑自行车上班,这有助于他们保持健康。
◆(2017·北京卷)The little problems that we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions.我们在日常生活中遇到的小问题可能是伟大发明的灵感。
◆(2017·天津卷)My eldest son, whose work takes him all over the world, is in New York at the moment.我大儿子的工作需要他奔波于世界各地,他现在在纽约。
◆(全国卷Ⅰ)“You can’t judge a book by its cover,” as the old saying goes.正如老话说的那样:“人不可貌相。
”(1)whom, which, that在从句中作宾语时可省略;但介词提前时不能省略,也不能用that;(2)as用在限制性定语从句中时,常用于下列句式:such+名词+as(像……一样的,像……之类的);the same+名词+as(和……同样的)。
◆Such machines as are used in our workshop are made in China.像在我们车间使用的机器是中国制造的。
[对点演练]——单句语法填空1.(2018·天津卷)Kate, whose sister I shared a room with when we were at college, has gone to work in Australia.2.(福建卷)China Today attracts a worldwide readership, which shows that more and more people all over the world want to learn about China.3.(江苏卷)The number of smokers, as is reported, has dropped by 17 percent in just one year.考点二关系副词引导的定语从句完全靠体力谋生的时代已经一去不复返了。
◆(福建卷)Students should involve themselves in community activities where they can gain experience for growth.学生们应该参与社团活动,在这些活动中他们可以获得成长的经验。
◆Do you know the reason why he didn’t attend the meeting yesterday?你知道他昨天没参加会议的原因吗?way后定语从句的引导词(1)当先行词是way时,若定语从句中不缺少主语、宾语或表语,即way在从句中作状语时,则从句用in which或that引导,引导词也可省略。
(2)如果way作先行词,定语从句中缺少主语、宾语或表语,则用which或that引导该从句。
若先行词在定语从句中作宾语,which或that也可省略。
[对点演练]——单句语法填空1.(2018·江苏卷)Selfdriving is an area where China and the rest of the world are on the same starting line.2.(陕西卷)As the smallest child of his family, Alex is always longing for the time when he should be able to be independent.考点三“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句of which has been proved.科学家们提出了很多关于人类为什么哭泣时流泪的理论,这些理论尚未得到证实。
◆(2016·江苏卷)Many young people, most of whom were welleducated, headed for remote regions to chase their dreams.很多年轻人都去了偏远地区追求他们的梦想,他们中大部分都受过良好的教育。
◆(江苏卷)The newlybuilt café,the walls of which(=whose walls) are painted light green, is really apeaceful place for us, especially after hard work.这家新建成的咖啡馆,墙被刷成了浅绿色,对我们来说,真是一个安静的地方,特别是在辛苦工作后。
◆(辽宁卷)He may win the competition, in which case he is likely to get into the national team.他可能会赢得这场比赛,如果这样的话他就可能进入国家队。
[对点演练]——单句语法填空1.The house, whose door often stays open until late at night, works as a home for the guards, some of whom are from the countryside.2.—Thank you for your assistance, without which I might have been in danger.—That’s all right, anyone in my place would have done the same thing.解题指导“缺什么,补什么”,准确选用关系词1.如果先行词指人,定语从句中缺少主语,限制性定语从句中用who/that;非限制性定语从句中用who。