高一英语分词详解+习题+答案

分词的用法及练习

1 The story is interesting . I’m interested in it .

这个故事有兴趣，我对这个故事感兴趣。

2 . This is a moving film .

这是一部动人的电影。

3. The secretary worked late into the night , preparing a long speech for the president .

秘书工作到深夜，为主席准备一篇长篇演讲稿。

4. Given more time , I’ll do it well .

如果给我多一点时间，我会做的更好。

When he passed the back of the street , he saw the thief stealing some money from the bank .

当他后街时，看到小偷正从银行偷钱。

应注意的几个问题：

1．现在分词与过去分词的区别

Do you know the woman talking to Tom ?

= Do you know the woman who is talking to Tom ?

The soldier wounded in the war has become a doctor.

= The soldier who was wounded in the war has become a doctor.

China is a developing country and America is a developed country.

2．分词作表语

The news sounds encouraging .

They got very excited .

1）现在分词与过去分词作表语的区别：

The news is interesting .

He is interested in the news .

doing 作表语，主语与表语是主谓关系；done 作表语，主语与表语是动宾关系。

2）表语与被动式的区别：

The blackboard was broken by Xiao Ming .（强调动作）

The blackboard is broken . You’d better have it repaired.（强调状态） 3）常作表语的过去分词：

amused , injured , covered , known , dressed , lost , broken , gone , delighted, excited , pleased , satisfied , married , worried , surprised , interested , burnt , shut , crowded , wounded , drank , done

3．现在分词、动名词现在进行时的区别

The situation in our country is encouraging . (表语)

The situation in our country is encouraging the people . ( 现在进行时) My job is looking after the little baby . (动名词)

能回答how-question 的是现在分词，能回答what-question 的动名词，即不能回答how-question 也不能回答what-question 的是现在进行时。

例如： How is the situation in our country ? It is encouraging .

What is your job ? My job is looking after the little baby . 4．注意的四种结构：

have something to do 有某事要做

have something done 使某事被做

have somebody do something 使某人做某事

have something doing 让某事一直做着

5．需要跟反身代词作宾语的动词：

seat , prepare , hide , dress

如：I seated myself on the chair .

I was seated on the chair .

6．分词做状语与不定式的区别：

分词做状语表示时间、原因、让步、条件、方式、伴随等；而不定式表示目的和结果。

Having finished the homework , I went home . （时间）

Being a Party member , I should work hard . （原因）

Given more time ,I can do my work better . （条件）

He ran out of the classroom ,shouting at the boy. （伴随）

To get more knowledge , we must work harder and harder . ( 目的 )

He is old enough to join the army . （结果）

7．分词、动名词和不定式作定语的区别

a running horse 现在分词 = a horse that is running

a fallen leaf 过去分词 = a leaf that has already fallen

a walking stick 动名词 = a stick for walking

something to do 不定式 = something that I should do

8．不定式被动式、分词的被动式和过去分词的区别：

I have a problem to be discussed at the meeting . ( 将来)

The building being built on the river is the Science Museum . （正在进行）

The building completed three years ago is now in bad conditions . （过去）

9．分词做状语需要注意的一个问题：

分词与句子主语的逻辑关系

Seeing from the hill , the city looks beautiful .( 错误 )

Seen from the hill , the city looks beautiful . （正确）

Seeing 与the city 不是主谓关系；seen 与city 是动宾关系

分词实战演练:

1.The boy went to the ball, ＿ like a pretty girl.

A. dressing

B. wearing

C. wore

D. dressed

2. ＿ in a white uniform, he looks more like a cook than a doctor.

A. Dressed

B. To dress

C. Dressing

D. Having dressed

3. The film was made ＿ on a true old story.

A. base

B. to be based

C. based

D. basing

4. When ＿ ,the museum will be open to the public next year.

A. completed

B. completing

C. being completed

D. to be completed

5. ＿ to his research, he almost forgot everything.